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International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 4 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com

Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2020.904.271

An Updated Checklist of Ichneumonid Parasites (: ) Associated with / Pests of Agricultural, Horticultural and Other Economically Important Plants in the Union Territory of Jammu & Kashmir

Deen Mohd. Bhat1*, Muzaffar Ahmad Sheikh1 and Sajad Ahmad Khan2

1Department of Zoology, Govt. Degree College Ganderbal, J&K-191201- 2Department of Zoology, Baba Gulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri , J&K- India

*Corresponding author

ABSTRACT

K e yw or ds Based on the literature survey, the present work provides an updated

checklist of Ichneumonidae parasites (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) Checklist, Ichneumonidae, associated with insects/ insect pests of Agricultural, horticultural and other Insect pests, Jammu economically important plants in Union territory of Jammu & Kashmir. & Kashmir The paper deals with as many as 46 species of such recorded parasites Article Info spread over 11 subfamilies and 29 genera of family Ichneumonidae.

Accepted: Moreover, the systematic information, pertaining to the host insect-host 18 March 2020 plant range and local distribution of these listed Ichneumonidae parasites, Available Online: has also been provided in this work. 10 April 2020

Introduction subfamilies, the classification of family Ichneumonidae has not reached a stable The Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) are one of consensus. Ichneumonids are parasitoids of the most species-rich families of all , Hymenoptera, Diptera, organisms with an estimated 60,000 species in Coleoptera and rarely spiders and other the world 41. According to Gauld 18 many groups 15. authorities regard this figure as an underestimate. The family Ichneumonidae is The ichneumonids are widely studied because currently split into 37 subfamilies, of which they are important agents of biological control 24 have been recorded from the Afro tropical of many groups of insects, including some region44. With such huge number of agricultural, horticultural, and forest pests and

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play an essential role in the normal rather than on extensive taxonomic studies. functioning of most ecosystems. Based on the literature Survey, all the Ichneumonids have been used successfully as previously published available research bio-control agents and given the largely papers, pertaining to ichneuominidae parasites undocumented fauna there is a huge potential of insects, from Jammu and Kashmir, were for their utilization in managed bio-control examined and the information obtained was programmes26. documented.

From Jammu and Kashmir region, no The data base was generated with special significant consolidated account vis-a-vis reference to Ichneumonidae parasites, their ichneuomonid parasitoids and their known host insect/ insect pest and host plant ranges, insect hosts has been published earlier, and followed by authors reporting them from J&K whatever little information is available in this region. In order to generate such regard, is confined to some papers scattered in comprehensive database (pertaining to different papers, some of the prominent ones Ichneumonidae), apart from available are: Ahmad and Dar3, Bhagat12, Bhat5, Bhat research papers and catalogues, the other vital and Bhagat6, Bhat and Bhagat6 and 7, Bhat et e-resources and abstracting services al., 8, 9, 10 and 11, Cameron13, Gupta 20, 21 and 25, (particularly, CABI, NISCAIR, AGRI, Gupta and Tikkar28, Gupta and Narendran30, Biological abstracts, Inflib net, etc.) were also Jamal and Zaki32, Masoodi et al.,34; Mittal et consulted. al., 35; Rishi and Shah 38 and Zutshi 42. The arrangement of the subfamilies and Hence, there was a dire need to prepare an genera of enlisted ichneuomonid parasites has updated checklist and inventory of been provided alphabetically for convenience, Ichneuomonid parasites of this region and does not reflect phylogenetic covering their host-insect range and local relationships. The tribes and genera therein distribution. The present document will also are arranged in alphabetical order, largely provide some base line data that will enable according to the classification of Yu and ready reference and information, whenever Horstmann 45 and Yu et al., 46 and 47 required for standardization and future utilization of these parasitoids for bio-control Results and Discussion programmes of this region. Apart from this, the present work will also enable conservation Based on the literature survey, the present management decisions viz-a-viz checklist was prepared which provides base Ichneumonidae parasitoids as bio control line data of as many as 46 species of agents. ichneuomonid parasites of family Ichneumonidae of J&K, falling under 11 Materials and Methods subfamilies and 29 genera (Table 1).

The present study brings together scattered The data of said 46 secrecies of information about Ichneumonidae parasites of Ichneumonidae parasite is listed insects/ insect pests, reported on various kinds alphabetically below according to their sub of agricultural, horticultural and other family names, tribe name (wherever economically important plant species, from available), Genera and species, followed by Jammu and Kashmir. The checklist presented insect-host of the parasite along with host- here is mainly based on available literature plant on which such parasite was recovered

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from the insect host. The check list is juncea and Cicer arietinum appended as under:- Localities in J&K: Bandipora, Baramulla, Subfamily Banchinae wesmael, 1845 Badgam, Ganderbal, Pulwama, Srinagar, Kashmir, Jammu Tribe banchini wesmael, 1845 References: Thakue et al., 1995; Gupta and Genus Exetastes Gravenhorst, 1829 Raj, 2003; Bhat, 2008; Bhat et al., 2009 ; Bhat et al., 2010; Bhat et al., 2017; Bhat, Exetastes fornicator (Fabricius, 1781) 2018 (=Icheuomon fornicator) Genus Campoplex Gravenhorst, 1829 Host Insect Pest: unknown insect and host plant species Campoplex longipes Moley

Localities in J&K: Kashmir Host Insect Pest: Unknown insect and host plant species References: Ahmad and Dar, 1978 Localities in J&K: Kashmir Subfamily: Campopleginae forster, 1869 References: Ahmad and Dar, 1978 Genus Campoletis Forster, 1869 Genus Casnaria Holmgren, 1859 Campoletis sp. (=Anilastus sp.) Casinaria sp. (=Horogenes sp.) Host Insect Pest: (i). Lymantria obfuscata on plants, Salix spp. and Populus spp.; (ii.). Host Insect Pest: Plutella xylostella (=Plutella Trichoplusia ni on plants, Brassica o. var. maculipennis) on plant, B. o. var. capitata acephala, B. o. var. capitata and B. o. var. gongylodea; (iii). Plusia signata on B. o. var. Localities in J&K: Srinagar capitata and B. o. var. gongyloda References: Simmonds and Roy, 1960 Localities in J&K: Baramulla, Badgam, Pulwama, Srinagar, Kashmir. Genus Charops Holmgren, 1859

References: Anonymous, 1970; Bhat, 2008; Charops bicolor (Szépligeti, 1906) Bhat, 2018 Host Insect Pest: Heliothis armigera on plant, Campoletis chloridae Uchidda Lycopersicon esculentum

Host Insect Pest: (i). Thysanaplusi orichalcea Localities in J&K: Badgam, Bandipora, on plants, Alium cepa, Brassica rapa and Srinagar Pisum sativum ; (iii) Helicoverpa argmiega on plants, Alium cepa, Lycopersicon References: Bhat et al., 2009. esculentum, Solanum tubersosum, soybeen, Brassica campestris var. toria, Brassica Genus Diadegma Forester, 1869

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Diadegma fenestrale (Holmgren) capitata, B. o. var. gongylodes and B. rapa ; (=Diadegma fenestralis) (ii). Pieris rapae on plants, B. o. var. acephala, B. o. var. gongylodes, B. o. var. Host Insect Pest: (i). Helicoverpa armigera on capitata; (iii). Pontia daplidice on plants, B. plants, Lycopersicon esculentum; (ii). Plutella o. var. acephla, B. o. var. gongylodes xylostella on plants, Brassica campestris, B. o. var. acephala, B. o. var. botrytis, B. o. var. Localities in J&K: Anatnag, Badgam, capitata, B. o. var. gongylodes, B. rapa and Baramulla, Sriagar, Pulwama, Ganderbal Raphanus sativus References: Bhat and Bhagat, 2009; Bhat, Localities in J&K: Anantnag, Bandipora, 2010a; Bhat, 2017; Bhat, 2018 Baramulla, Badgam,Ganderbal, Pulwama, Srinagar. Subfamily cremastinae förster, 1869

References: Bhat, 2008; Bhat and Bhagat, Genus Eucremastus 2008; Bhat et al., 2009 Eucremastus Szépligeti, 1905 Diadegma semiclausum (Hellen) (= Cephalobolus parvipes Morley.)

Host Insect Pest: (i). H. armigera on plants, Host Insect Pest: unknown insect and host B. o. var. acephala, B. o. var. gongylodes; (ii). plant species P. xylostella on plants, B. o. var. acephala, B. o. var. gongylodes Localities in J&K: Kashmir

Localities in J&K: Srinagar References: Ahmad and Dar, 1978

References: Bhat, 2018 Genus Pristomerus Curtis, 1836

Genus Eriborus Forester, 1869 Pristomerus sp.

Erioborus sp. Host Insect Pest: Ostrinia kashmirica on Crisium sp.) Host Insect Pest: Helicoverpa armigera on plant, L. esculentum) Local Distribution: Kashmir (Achabal, Lar)

Localities in J&K: Bad. Srinagar References: Anonymous, 1970

References: Bhat et al., 2009. Pristomerus sulci Mahd. and Kolu

Genus Hyposoter Forester, 1869 Host Insect Pest: pyloalis on spp Hyposoter ebeninus (Gravenhorst, 1829) Local Distribution: Pampore (Pulwama) Host Insect Pest: (i). Pieris brassicae on plants, Brassica campestirs, B. o. var. References: Mittal et al., (2011) acephala, B. o. var. botrytis, B. o. var.

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Subfamily cryptinae kirby, 1837 Host Insect Pest: unknown insect and host tribe hemigasterini plant species

Genus Ecthrus Gravenhorst, 1829 Local Distribution: Kashmir

Ecthrus coracinas Gupta 1978 References: Wachkoo and Akbar (2019)

Host Insect Pest: Coleopteran larvae (wood Subfamily wesmael, 184 boring) Tribe Hellén, 1915 Local Distribution: Kashmir (Gulmarg) Genus Forester, 1869

References: Gupta, 1978 Exeristes roborator (Fabricus, 1793)

Subfamily viereck, 1918 Host Insect Pest: Ostrinia kashmirica (Pyralidae) on Cirsium sp. (=Cricus sp.) Genus Diplazon Nees, 1819 Localities in J&K: Achaba (Anantnag), Lar Diplazon laetatorius (Fabricius, 1781) (Ganderbal) (= Basus lactatorius (Moley) (=Ichneumon lactatorius) References: Anonymous, 1970

Host Insect Pest: Unknown insect host and Genus Hartig, 1838 plant species Scambus (Ateleophadnus) aithomelus Gupt Local Distribution: Kashmir and Tikkar

References: Ahmad and Dar, 1978 Host Insect Pest: O. kashmirica on Crisum wallichi Genus Promethes Förster, 1869 Localities in J&K: Srinagar Promethes albiventralis Diller References: Gupta and Tikkar, 1967 Host Insect Pest: unknown insect and host plant species Scambus flavicrus Gupta and Tikar.1968

Local Distribution: Ladakh Host Insect Pest: O. kashmirica on Crisium sp. (=Crinus sp) References: Diller 1984 Localities in J&K: Achabal (Anantnag), Lar Subfamily ichneuomoninae (Ganderbal)

Genus Protichneumon References: Anonymous, 1970

Protichneumon pisorius (Linnaeus, 1758)

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Scambus (S.) indicus Gupta and Tikar, Localities in J&K: Kashmir (Srinagar, 1968 Pahalgam), Jammu (Batote)

Host Insect Pest: larva of lepidopteran on References: Gupta, 1967; Rishi and Shah, unknown plant sp. 1985.

Localities in J&K: Kashmir (Gulmarg) Itoplectis nr. himalayensis

References: Gupta and Tikkar, 1967 Host Insect Pest: Plutella xylostella on B. capitata, B. gongylodes, B. Campestris Scambus (S.) kahmiricus Gupta and Tikar, 1968 Localities in J&K: Kashmir -Badgam, Barmulla, Ganderbal and Srinagar. Host Insect Pest: Lepidopteran larvae on unknown plant species References: Bhat and Bhagat, 2008

Localities in J&K: Kashmir (Shopian) Itoplectis sp.

References: Gupta and Tikkar, 1967 Host Insect Pest: Plutella xylostella (=Plutella maculipennis) on plant, B. o.var. capitata Scambus nursei (Cameron) Localities in J&K: Kashmir (Srinagar) Host Insect Pest: Lepidopteran and coleopteran larvae on unknown plant species References: Simmonds and Roy, 1960.

Localities in J&K: Kashmir. Itoplectis tibetensis perking

References: Narayan and Lal, 1955 Host Insect Pest: Lepidopterous pupae o herbaccous bushes along forest edge. Scampus sp. Local Distribution: Kashmir (Gulmarg) Host Insect Pest: Thusanaplusia orichalea on Phaseolus vulgaris and Rumex nepelensis References: Gupta, 1967

Localities in J&K: Badgam, Gandrbal Genus Coccygomimus

References: Bhat et al., 2010; Bhat, 2017. Coccygomimus sp. Tribe PIMPLINI Wesmael, 1845 Host Insect Pest: Lamantria obfuscate on Genus Itoplectis Forester, 1869 unknown host plant species

Itoplectis himalayensis Gupta 1967 Localities in J&K: Kashmir

Host Insect Pest: L. obfuscate on plant, Salix References: Anonymous, 1970 spp. and populus spp. Genus Pimpla Fabricius, 1804

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Pimpla archica Zeltenh References: Zutshi, 1967; Anonymous 1969; Masoodi et al., 1986 Host Insect Pest: unknown insect and host plant species Genus Townesia

Localities in J&K: Kashmir. Townesia exilis Gupta and Tikar, 1976

References: Ahmad and Dar, 1978 Host Insect Pest: Unknown

Pimpla alternans (=Itoplectis alternans) Localities in J&K: Kashmir.

Host Insect Pest: unknown insect and host References: Gupta and Tikar, 1976 plant species Genus Xanthopimpla Localities in J&K: Kashmir. Xanthopimpla sp. References: Anonymous, 1970 Host Insect Pest: Glyphodes pyloalis on Pimpla sp. host insect pest: (i). L. obfuscate Morus sp. on salix spp. and poulus spp. (ii). pieris brassica on B.o.var. gongylodes Localities in J&K: Kashmir. pampore

Localities in J&K: Kashmir (Srinagar) References: Mittal et al., 2011.

References: Anonymous, 1969, Masoodi et Subfamily ophioninae shuckard, 1840 al., 1986, Zutshi, 1967, Bhat et al., 2010, Bhat, 2017. Genus Paniscus

Genus Holmgren, 1859 Paniscus montanes cameron

Theronia atalantae atalantae Host Insect Pest: unknown insect and host plant species Host Insect Pest: L. obfuscaa on Salix spp. and Populus spp. Localities in J&K: Kashmir

Localities in J&K: Kashmir. References: Cameron 1906.

References: Anonymus, 1970, Rishi and shah Paniscus collaris moley , 1985; Masoodi et al., 1986 a Host Insect Pest: unknown insect and host Theronia sp. plant species

Host Insect Pest: L. obfuscaa on Salix spp. Localities in J&K: Kashmir (Srinagar) and Populus spp. References: Ahmad and Dar, 1978. Localities in J&K: Kashmir.

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Paniscus kashmirensis cameron Subfamily shuckard, 1840

Host Insect Pest: unknown insect and host Tribe EXENTERINI Förster, 1869 plant species Genus Eridolius Förster, 1869 Localities in J&K: Kashmir

References: Cameron, 1906 Eridolius aithogaster Gupta

Subfamily poemeniinae narayanan and lal, Host Insect Pest: larvae of saw flies 1953 (Tehtridinidae) on unknown plant

Tribe POEMENIINI Narayanan and Lal, Localities in J&K: Kashmir (Pahalgam) 1953 References: Gupta, 1991 Genus Deuteroxorides Viereck, 1914 Tribe Tryphonini Shuckard, 1840 Deuteroxorides indicus gupta Genus Polyblastus Hartig, 1837 Host Insect Pest: Coleopteran larvae on hardwood coniferous tree) Polyblastus kashmerensis gupta

Localities in J&K: Kashmir (Pahalgam) Host Insect Pest: larvae of saw fly on References: Gupta, 1980 unknown plant species

Genus Podoschistus Townes, 1957 Localities in J&K: Kashmir (Pahalgam)

Podoschisthus scutellaris desingnes References: Gupta 1985 a

Host Insect Pest: larvae of wood boring Subfamily xoridinae shuckard, 1840 coleopterans on coniferous trees Tribe Xoridini Shuckard, 1840 Localities in J&K: Kashmir.

Genus Xorides Latreille, 1809 References: Gupta, 1980

Genus Poemenia Holmgren, 1859 Xorides (xorides) anthracinus gupta and chandra Poemenia kashmirica gupta Host Insect Pest: unknown insect and host Host Insect Pest: Larva of coleopteran wood plant species boring (Coniferous trees) Localities in J&K: Kashmir (Pahalgam) Localities in J&K: Kashmir (Pahalgam) References: Gupta and Chandra, 1974. References: Gupta, 1980, Gupta, 1985.

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Table.1 A list of reported number of subfamilies, genera and species of Ichneumonidae from J&K

S. No. Name of Subfamily No. of Genera No. of species 1 Banchinae 1 1 2 Campopleginae 7 9 3 Cremastinae 2 3 4 Cryptinae 1 1 5 Diplazontinae 2 2 6 Ichneuomoninae 1 1 7 Pimplinae 8 19 8 Ophioninae 1 3 9 Poemeniinae 3 3 10 Tryphoninae 2 2 11 Xoridinae 1 2 Total 29 46

Xorides (X.) minimus gupta and chandra References: Bhat et al., 2010.

Host Insect Pest: unknown insect and host References plant species 1. Anonymous. 1969. Report of work Localities in J&K: Kashmir (Gulmarg) carried out during 1968. Common wealth Institute of Biological control, Common References: Gupta and Chandra, 1974 wealth Agricultural bureau London, England, 100 p. Others 2. Anonymous. 1970. Report of work carried out during1969. Common wealth Unidentified ichneuomonid Institute of Biological control, Common wealth Agricultural bureau London, Host Insect Pest: Parnara guttata (Bremer England, 183 p. and Grey) on Oryza sativa 3. Ahmad, D. and H. U. Dar, 1978. Biological control of potentially serious Localities in J&K: Kashmir. orchard pests in Kashmir and feasibility of integrated control. Journal of Science References: Jamal and Zaki, 2008 University of Kashmir, 3(2):93-98 4. Bhat, D. M., 2008. Studies on insect Unidentified ichneumonid parasites and predators of some insect pests of vegetable crops of Kashmir Host Insect Pest: pupa of Thysanaplusia Valley. Ph.D. thesis, P.G. Department of orichalcea on B. o. var. gongylodes, P. Zoology, University of Kashmir, vulgaris and R. nepalensis Srinagar, J&K (India). 5. Bhat, D. M. 2018. Incidence and Localities in J&K: Ganderbal, Badgam, diversity of lepidopterous insect pests and Baramulla, Pulwama, Ganderbal, Srinagar their parasitoids (natural enemies) on

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Deen Mohd. Bhat, Muzaffar Ahmad Sheikh and Sajad Ahmad Khan. 2020. An Updated Checklist of Ichneumonid Parasites (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) Associated with Insects/ Insect Pests of Agricultural, Horticultural and Other Economically Important Plants in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci. 9(04): 2266-2277. doi: https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2020.904.271

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