CITY SANITATION PLAN OF CITY

A DISSERTATION

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of MASTER OF TECHNOLOGY in ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT OF RIVERS AND LAKES

By

APARNA DUTTA

ALTERNATE HYDRO ENERGY CENTRE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE ROORKEE, 247667 () JUNE, 2014 ABSTRACT

Dhanbad a red category city in the state of , is ranked 245th based on level of sanitation by National Urban Sanitation Policy 2008, MoUD indicating that it is on the brink of public health and environmental emergency and needs immediate remedial action. The city having a spread area of about 275 sq. km has a population of 11,62,472 as per national Census 2011 which presently generates about 140 MLD of waste water and 518 MT of solid waste per day. The city has 183 small and big medical establishments generating about 0.23 MT of bio-medical waste every year. Owing to the good connectivity through road and railways and being a major centre for trade, education and industries there is a considerable inflow of floating population approximated to twenty percent of the census population. The city houses 14,275 slum dwellers.

Presently there is no sewer network system and STPs, solid waste processing unit, scientific landfill site and centralized waste treatment facility for bio-medical waste in the city. There is a huge dearth of toilet seats for poor and floating population leading to open urination and defecation. Under JnNURM though a city development plan was prepared in the year 2007, but sanitation part was not addressed except minor interventions only for solid waste management and public toilets. Hence there is an immediate requirement to address the sanitation issues to ensure hygienic liveable conditions for the entire population. This requires a holistic city level sanitation plan (CSP) addressing the social, technical, financial, institutional, capacity building and stakeholder participation components that serves the entire population.

A CSP is prepared based on primary as well as secondary data collected after extensive search with various city level offices and field visit to sites. CSP covers a population projection for next 5, 15 and 30 years with year 2014 as base year, sewer network and treatment capacity for 189 MLD sewage, 695 MT of municipal solid waste and 0.23 MT of bio-medical waste. Sewerage system has been divided into four sewerage zones covering the entire Dhanbad city based on topography and population in it, STPs located near Katras, , Jitpur and Govindpur have been proposed.

The resource generation proposal for composting and power generation through biogas production with anaerobic digestion process of solid waste processing has been worked out. The land fill dimensions are also designed based on CPHEEO guidelines. In

iii absence of authentic map for Dhanbad from state office, Google Earth has been used as GIS platform for presentation and analysis required for the planning and decision making process of CSP.

The current study proposes a plan worth INR 15000 millions to carry out the required sanitation interventions with a provision of two percent of the total project cost for Information, Education and Communication activities essential for public awareness generation to make the intervention successful.

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