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Analysis of Socially Excluded Localities in the Czech Republic

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Analysis of Socially Excluded Localities in the Czech Republic Analysis of Socially Excluded Localities in the Czech Republic GAC spol. s r. o. May 2015 Analysis of socially excluded localities in the Czech Republic Main author and editor: Mgr. Karel Čada, Ph.D. Co-authors: Mgr. Daniela Büchlerová, Mgr. Zuzana Korecká, Mgr. Tomáš Samec Main authors of Chapter 4.2. TERRITORIAL DISTRIBUTION OF PHENOMENA LINKED TO SOCIAL EXCLUSION: Doc. RNDr. Martin Ouředníček, Ph.D., Mgr. Zuzana Kopecká Authors contributing to Chapter 5. IMPACTS AND NEEDS OF INCLUSION POLICIES AND PROJECTS: Mgr. Jaroslava Barbara Sporková, PhDr. Jarmila Tinlová Project supervision: PhDr. Ivan Gabal, Mgr. Eva Bělinová Authorship of maps: Map design: Mgr. Zuzana Kopecká, Doc. RNDr. Martin Ouředníček, Ph.D. Graphic and cartographic processing: Mgr. Zuzana Kopecká Execution: GAC spol. s r. o. IČ: 27087581 Company registered with the Commercial Register established by the Prague Municipal Court, Section C, No 95311 Residence and postal address: Na Baště sv. Jiří 259/9, 160 00 Praha 6 Managing Director: Lenka Kadeřávková In Prague, May 2015 4 Analysis of socially excluded localities in the Czech Republic CONTENTS PREFACE BY THE MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS .................................................... 7 1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................... 9 2. SUMMARY OF KEY FINDINGS ............................................................................................................... 13 3. RESEARCH AND METHODOLOGY: A REFLECTION ........................................................................ 16 3.1 SOCIAL EXCLUSION AND SOCIALLY EXCLUDED LOCALITIES ............................................................................... 16 3.2 REVIEW OF RESEARCH WORK TO DATE ................................................................................................................ 24 3.3 METHODOLOGY ......................................................................................................................................................... 28 3.3.1 Methods of cartographic data processing ............................................................................................. 28 3.3.2 Data collection methods ................................................................................................................................ 29 3.3.3 Data collection ................................................................................................................................................... 32 3.3.4 Methods of evaluating projects funded by the Human Resources and Employment Operational Programme .......................................................................................................................................... 34 3.3.4 Verification of socially excluded localities identified in the previous stages of research . 36 4. PRESENTATION OF KEY FINDINGS .................................................................................................... 38 4.1 CHANGES IN THE NUMBER AND TERRITORIAL DISTRIBUTION OF SELS ......................................................... 38 4.2. TERRITORIAL DISTRIBUTION OF PHENOMENA LINKED TO SOCIAL EXCLUSION ............................................ 56 4.2.1 Living allowance ............................................................................................................................................... 58 4.2.2. Housing supplement ....................................................................................................................................... 66 4.2.3 Juvenile delinquency ........................................................................................................................................ 72 4.2.4 Unemployment in Czech municipalities ................................................................................................. 74 4.3 MIGRATION ................................................................................................................................................................ 78 4.4 HOUSING ..................................................................................................................................................................... 80 4.5 LABOUR MARKET ...................................................................................................................................................... 82 4.6 DEBT AND INDEBTEDNESS ...................................................................................................................................... 85 4.6 EDUCATION ................................................................................................................................................................ 86 4.7 SERVICES FOR PEOPLE LIVING IN SOCIALLY EXCLUDED LOCALITIES ............................................................... 92 4.8 DELINQUENCY AND SAFETY .................................................................................................................................... 95 4.9 PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF THE PROBLEM ................................................................................................................ 96 5. IMPACTS AND NEEDS OF INCLUSION POLICIES AND PROJECTS ............................................... 99 6. PRELIMINARY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPLEMENTATION DURING THE PROGRAMME PERIOD 2014-2020 .................................................................................................................................. 104 APPENDIX: MAP SET ................................................................................................................................ 110 5 Analysis of socially excluded localities in the Czech Republic 6 Analysis of socially excluded localities in the Czech Republic Preface by the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs The first publication and presentation of the results of the large-scale Analysis of Socially Excluded Roma Locations and Absorption Capacity of Entities Involved in this Field was made public in 2006. The executor of this research project, commissioned by the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, was the research agency GAC spol. s.r.o. (Gabal Analysis and Consulting). We are now entering a new era in terms of using the resources made available by the European Structural and Investment Funds, which creates a need for up-to-date and comprehensive information about the development and character of social exclusion in the Czech Republic, from 2006 until today. In the course of the two last programme periods (2004-2006 and 2007-2013), the European Social Fund has become, thanks to the volume of the funds allocated, a key resource in supporting not only social integration and employability, but also education. In order to use the money available during the 2014-2020 programme period effectively, we intend to rely on this newly available information and set up new calls for proposals in accordance with the outputs of the new Analysis of Socially Excluded Localities in the Czech Republic conducted this year; the key conclusions and findings from this analysis, which are often surprising, are presented to you in this publication. We hope that you will find this text to be an interesting source of information, connections and inspiration, just as we did. The data it contains are an important and interesting source of information; it shows, for example, how many socially excluded localities there are in the Czech Republic and how many people live in them. We suggest that you approach the contents of this publication as something that continues to undergo dynamic changes, as evidenced by the developments we have seen over the last decade. Figures, statistical data and summaries are an integral part of the text; however, we need to realize that these are likely to change even over the short-term. Also, we cannot only pay attention to numbers, simply comparing them with the 2006 results. It is evident that although much has been done and that in many aspects we have seen positive changes, overall the situation of social exclusion in the Czech Republic has not improved and many might find the numbers presented at the beginning of this publication “shocking”. Still, in order to understand the development and the overall scale of the problem, we must take into account other factors and the entire context. 7 Analysis of socially excluded localities in the Czech Republic The publication contains a large amount of methodologically substantiated, high-quality and widely applicable information and analyses. It shows us ways in which the individual phenomena determining the process of social exclusion are interrelated and it also focuses on findings in key areas such as education, housing and the labour market (the economic situation of the inhabitants of socially excluded localities). Last but not least, the report presents recommendations for adjusting support during the 2014-2020 programme period, based on an assessment of the projects funded by the Human Resources and Employment Operational Programme. As a parallel and purely practical output, the Analysis of Socially Excluded Localities in the Czech Republic also includes the Map of Socially Excluded Localities in the Czech Republic, which is available online at esfcr.cz. The map has been created on the basis of broad-scale field research and additional research work, which was conducted in municipalities with one or several socially excluded localities.
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