6 Vital Environment

Promote an open space plan that conserves the natural canyons and the hillsides to the south, the Santa Ana River and wash to the north, and the Crafton Hills and agricultural lands to the east; enables continued agriculture and citrus production; and completes the “Emerald Necklace” of open space, conserved lands, and trails around the city.

Redlands’ open spaces—the hillsides and The Emerald Necklace is defined as those canyons, aqueducts, farms, and the citrus land uses that provide a green belt around the groves—are highly valued. The General city and includes San Timoteo and Live Oak Plan seeks to preserve these open spaces, canyons, the Crafton Hills, agricultural lands including those at the city’s edges, where in Crafton and San Timoteo Canyon, and agricultural uses and many citrus groves are the Santa Ana River and Wash. These open located, and realize the community’s long- spaces, agricultural lands, natural habitats, sought desire for a linked system of open conservation areas, flood plains, waterways, spaces and trails around the community, aqueducts, and passive and active parks forming an Emerald Necklace that provides a make up the land uses of the Emerald greenbelt for the city and is integrated with a Necklace, as well as the system of parks, regional open space system. trails, streams, farms, and citrus groves that link the Emerald Necklace to the interior of the city.

Photo Credit: Miriam Cohn • Santa Ana Wash. The 4,000 acres of the Santa Ana 6.1 River Wash makes up the largest open space area in the city. Forming the city’s northern boundary, Open Space for the Wash contains the Santa Ana River’s floodway and accompanying flood zones. While much of the conservation area is in a natural state, portions of the Wash are Open space in the Planning Area includes any parcel used for aggregate mining or as spreading ponds or area of land or water which is devoted to an open to recharge the aquifer. The Wash area is owned space use as defined in the General Plan, or designated by a combination of federal, State, regional, and on a local, regional, or State open space plan as one of municipal governments, as well as by utilities and the categories of open space defined in State planning private interests. law. Open space lands may currently be in public or • Crafton Hills Open Space. This area adjacent private ownership. The Planning Area’s open space to Yucaipa Regional Park is part of the San system is shown in Figure 6-1. Bernardino County open space network, and comprises land in the Crafton Hills generally Open Space Areas above an elevation of 2,400 feet in the eastern portion of the Planning Area. This is an important There are a number of open space areas in the open space resource in the urbanizing Redlands/ Planning Area that provide opportunities for Yucaipa area, and has significant value as a recreation. In many cases, recreational use coincides relatively undisturbed habitat area, a scenic with resource areas. resource, and a potential area for recreational open space use, as there is a recreational trail system • San Timoteo Canyon. The City owns 254 acres of there. The City also owns 193 acres of open space open space in San Timoteo Canyon, paralleling in the Crafton Hills above the Henry Tate Water San Timoteo Canyon Road between Fern Avenue Treatment Plant. and Alessandro Road. The area is a nature preserve named the San Timoteo Canyon Nature Emerald Necklace Sanctuary that is home to riparian, grassland, and hillside chaparral habitats, as well as man-made The Emerald Necklace concept is a series of green trails, observation points, eucalyptus groves, an open space and park areas surrounding the city, amphitheater, and wetland areas. The sanctuary joined together with a special scenic road and trails is open during daylight hours to hikers, bicyclists, system. The City has gradually acquired open space and equestrian visitors. land to fulfill the concept, and in 2014 the Redlands • Live Oak Canyon. The City owns 338 acres of land Conservancy inaugurated the Emerald Necklace in the Live Oak Canyon area adjacent to Oakmont Trail and Scenic Route, a 45-mile circuit around the Park, which it acquired between 2012 and 2015. city, shown on Figure 7-2. The route is accessible Over 245 acres in this area have been set aside for by motorists and bicyclists and links a number conservation. The open space’s trail system, which of Redlands’ parks, trails, and open space areas, currently includes the Oakridge and Oakmont including San Timoteo Canyon, Live Oak Canyon, trails, is open to hiking, bicycling, and equestrian the Crafton groves, the Sports Park, the Santa Ana use, as well as other forms of passive recreation. River Wash, the Santa Ana River Trail, the bluffs and Israel Beal Park, the East Valley Corridor Multi- Purpose Trail, and Heritage Park.

Redlands’ picturesque surroundings provide ample opportunities for hiking, photography, picnics, and other recreational activities.

Vital Environment 6-2 Photo Credit: James Henderson Policies

Principles as citrus groves, hillsides, canyons, and 6-A.5 Develop a long term plan for the main- 6-A.9 Develop and implement a wayfinding waterways. These areas provide natural tenance of open space areas held by program along the Emerald Necklace 6 - P.1 Develop a balanced and integrated contrast with the urban cityscape. the City which may include non-profits, to identify sites of interest and provide open space system that reflects a public-private partnerships, and volun- directions along trails and roadways. variety of considerations, including 6-A.2 Identify gaps in the Emerald Necklace teer organizations. Ensure that any signs are consistently resource conservation, production of and work with San Bernardino County designed and visually compatible with agriculture, recreation, aesthetics, and and neighboring cities, conservation 6-A.6 Designate and map open space, recre- the surroundings. community identity. organizations, and willing landowners ation areas, and trails contained in the to prioritize land acquisition or other Emerald Necklace. 6-A.10 Maintain and enhance Redlands’ net- 6 - P. 2 Designate and develop the Emerald resource preservation strategies in work of urban forest and street trees. Necklace around the city, consist- those areas. 6-A.7 Work with San Bernardino County, neighboring cities, conservation organi- ing of open spaces and conserved 6-A.3 Identify portions of the Emerald Neck- zations, and landowners to maintain and lands, that showcase and link unique lace that are not in public ownership and enhance the trails, roadways, and lands resources both within and surrounding work with conservation organizations within the Emerald Necklace, and to the Planning Area and serve as a dis- and landowners to ensure that the land ensure that sensitive resources in these tinct boundary for urban development is dedicated or otherwise conserved. areas are not disturbed or degraded. within Redlands. 6-A.4 Develop standards for planning, design, 6-A.8 Provide sufficient resources for the 6 - P.3 Seek to link the various elements of the management, and maintenance of trails maintenance of trails and conservation Emerald Necklace through a system of and pathways within parks, preserves, areas through both volunteer and City open spaces, waterways, parks, and open space, and rights-of-way. mechanisms. trails.

6 - P.4 Preserve and enhance open space and agricultural land to define the Men- tone and Crafton areas as distinct from Redlands.

6 - P.5 Encourage the preservation of natural habitat areas as open space.

6 - P.6 Promote access to and views of con- servation areas in a manner consistent with good land resource stewardship.

Actions 6-A.1 Preserve as open space those areas that contain unique habitats, natural resources, and visual amenities such

Photo Credit: Jo Lessard

6-3 Highland *# To Figure 6-1: Open Space Network Highland

San Bernardino International Airport

T S

S a nta

A A na M R A ive

B r

A

L A Israel Beal Park ¨¦§210 FLORIDA ST T

R R Redlands Municipal PALMETTO AVE DOMESTIC AVE IV S

E D RVI EW DR Airport

W

E T T

O S

N

L T R

R

D S

U L A

F

East W PIONEER AVE E E PIONEER AVE

G

O G

G Sports

T S

I N

Valley HARTZELL AVE

R R

A Park

E A

R DOYLE AVE

T S M Corridor O

SAN BERNARDINO AVE B E SAN BERNARDINO AVE

E

T W

T

S

S E

T

S V

S CAPRI AVE CAPRI AVE

Y

A

E

A

E

T

R

V

A I

V A S

D K RD X E MADEIRA AVE LL CREE MI

LVANIA AVE A

ALMOND AVE D E PENNSY

W PENNSYLVANIA AVE

L

T

W E

Y

T S

R

A

I

Y

T E R S E

T Community

E

R

L

V

N

S

V E

Texonia E

V E

I

E P

S Mentone

V O

Park B

N

K

A

A N

N

I

R

J

I O

Park R

A

R A

U

E

N

K T B NIA AVE M

E LUGONIA AVE G E LUGO ENTONE BLVD

R

E N

E

O

V

T U

V

R

F

A

S

T S

T

I

A

E D

S

O

L W WESTERN AVE

N

T S

H

T

L

H

A

L

M

R A

N

E

C A

S

D

O

C

G R

T E BROCKTON AVE NICE AVE

R N A IC

E BROCKTON AVE O E AVE A

W BROCKTON AVE C N

S N

I H

B

U

T S

E

N

P

I O

D A

10 H

P

D L

D MOSS ST

R I

§ U A

¨¦ E

C J A

W C #

*

S

N C

W SUN AVE A

The C

R N

N O To Terrace E COLTON AVE E COLTON AVE

W REDLANDS BLVD M

Crafton

E

T

T S

San Bernardino T

T S

V

S

S

Park

A

LVAN A

SY BLV INDEPENDENCE AVE

N Y

S Sylvan D

A

W

E

N

R

R

O

V E M E 3RD AVE I V J A

Park O T

E O

PARK AVE I A

A

M S

A T

B

T

R S

A L B

L

F

W

R

A

G

A

E

A

E E P Jennie CENTRAL AVE A L S BLVD TRAL AV Crafton

W REDLAND EN N

N S C

E R

I

E

A

O

K

C

T S

S E

Davis D

Ed Hales E CITRUS AVE CITRUS AVE N VE N STATE ST

CITRUS A N

T S

Park Park L

S

T S

O

N E

T S

S C

T

A S T

4 E

N

U

L N T C I

S L

E H L

E N A

V A G

L S

K A ST J R VE HIGHLAND AVE A R E HIGHLAND A S Existing Open Space

E O A ORANGE AVE ID Smiley ED O

N A

S V W K ST L R E L

Heritage Park S A O O K S O R T O ST Park R LA N B D SE L Existing Open Space & Recreation C 4 Y T S V SA E S H E T 5TH AVE N V B L L D BARTON RD B A T E A O C ST L E C E L ST EN V V R V A IV N S A D D A L E N E D B R City Owned Citrus Groves T V O T V L ER A ST U A A Y IA W ER E D Ford A

M P O L N L C R Brookside O O A RE A VE O N A N S S P Park S M 6TH A G L A T V A E T C A A V V A R Park N IST D Existing Agricultural Land I B M K E I R N E E I O E SI M A E W N A L AV A L D A ST T R VE B E E T D V EN L U A EO VE V E V ESC T A City Parks D E R MI A E C UM V S E V E S R E T V A Franklin T E O E A D S SE VE Loma V N N K RV RC A O A A FT L Park O RES Private Open Space N LI E H O IR T DR ER C AV E IG R Linda F T V H Prospect D W E U A V N UT W E HILTON AVE A ST N Park G S E S HE AL G O General Plan Designations E V L R C W A D A E P E N Y V R W

C A N E T EL D I ST I SOUTH AVE L D W N ZA E R

K Open Space CE BET N H N ES S T

S A R P T S E A T S C C R S

M F U

W IF D N IL IC V E TS D R I Hillside Conservation Y HEIGH R S A SE SA T VI T

O STA

N DR DR F T H I M A S Yucaipa

O W Resource Preservation T LS E EY Simond's A O W S ST B C Hillside U NSET DR Parkway A Memorial W MARIPOSA DR AS N Caroline H Freeway/Major Highway Park AV YO Park E N Redlands PA RD LO Country AL Major Roads TO D R R Club A VIS D LT T A A 10

¨¦§ Local Roads D

SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY R R E T D River O S U NS E

RIVERSIDE COUNTY R

D

* N # City of Redlands A Oakmont S S E Park L A Sphere of Influence To Calimesa County Boundary

Data Source: City of Redlands, California, 2016; San Bernardino County, 2015; ESRI, 2015; LIVE OAK CANYON RD SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY SANBAG, 2015; Dyett & Bhatia, 2016. RIVERSIDE COUNTY

RIVERSIDE COUNTY Vital Environment 6-4 0 0.5 1 2

MILES Highland *# To Highland

approximately 2,050 acres in the Planning Area. This include scalebroom, California juniper (Juniperus San Bernardino 6.2 vegetation community provides habitat for a variety of californica), chaparral yucca (Hesperoyucca whipplei), International Airport Biological generally non-sensitive plant and wildlife species. California buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum),

T S and large shrubs typical of chaparral. Understory

S a nta

A A na M R Oak Woodland vegetation is often sparse and consists primarily of A ive

B r Resources A

L native forbs and non-native grasses. This vegetation A Small areas of oak woodland occur in the eastern Israel community provides habitat for several rare species Beal Park 21 and southern portions of the Planning Area, where ¨¦§0 FLORIDA ST Natural Vegetation and is itself considered sensitive. This community T

R R Redlands Municipal it consists of coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia) trees PALMETTO AVE DOMESTIC AVE IV S

E D RVI EW DR Airport covers approximately 3,109 acres in the Planning Area.

W E T T Although most of the Planning Area is developed or is

O S N

L with an understory of annual grasses and forbs. Oak T R

R

D S

U L A

F

East W PIONEER AVE E E PIONEER AVE in agricultural use, natural vegetation is present at the

G O

G woodland is considered to be a sensitive vegetation

G Sports

T S

I N

Valley HARTZELL AVE R R Upland Riversidean Sage Scrub

A Park northern edge of the city along the Santa Ana Wash,

E A

R DOYLE AVE community. Approximately 94 acres are present in the

T S M Corridor O SAN BERNARDINO AVE B E SAN BERNARDINO AVE

E as well in the eastern and southern portions in the

T W T

S Planning Area. Upland Riversidean sage scrub is a relatively open

S E

T

S V

S CAPRI AVE CAPRI AVE

Y

A

E A

hills and the canyons. Vegetation types are shown in E

T

R

V A I

V shrubland dominated by low, drought-tolerant species A S

D K RD X E MADEIRA AVE LL CREE MI

LVANIA AVE A

ALMOND AVE D E PENNSY

W PENNSYLVANIA AVE

L

T

W E

Y

T S

R

A

I Y

E R T S E

T Community

E

R Figure 6-2.

L

V

N

S

V E

Texonia E

V E

I

E P

S Mentone such as California buckwheat, brittlebush (Encelia

V O Park B

N Riparian Forest, Woodland, and Scrub

K

A

A N

N

I

R

J

I O

Park R

A

R A

U

E

N

K T B NIA AVE M E LUGONIA AVE G E LUGO ENTONE BLVD

R farinosa), and California sagebrush (Artemisia

E N

E

O

V

T U

V

R

F

A

S

T S

T

Watercourses in the Planning Area support

I

A

E D

S

O

L W WESTERN AVE

Annual Grassland

N

T S

H

T L californica). Other species in this community

H

A

L

M

R A

N

E

C A

S

D

O

C

G R

T E BROCKTON AVE NICE AVE

R N A IC

E BROCKTON AVE O E AVE communities of trees and shrubs adapted to A

W BROCKTON AVE C N

S N

I H

B

U

T S

E

N

P

I O include black sage (Salvia mellifera), blue elderberry,

D A

10 H

P

D L

D MOSS ST

R I

§ Annual grassland is the predominant land cover in U A

¨¦ E

C J A

W C #

*

S

N streamside environments. These communities are C

W SUN AVE A

The C

R N

N O E and California aster (Lessingia filaginifolia). This To Terrace E COLTON AVE COLTON AVE portions of the Planning Area not already developed W REDLANDS BLVD M

Crafton typically dominated by mule fat (Baccharis salicifolia)

E

T

T S

San Bernardino T

T S V

S community is highly interspersed with annual

S

Park

A

LVAN A

SY BLV INDEPENDENCE AVE or in agricultural use. Dominant species in annual

N Y

S Sylvan D

A W

E or one or more species of willows (Salix sp.) or a by

N

R

R

O

V E M E 3RD AVE I V J A

Park O T

E O

PARK AVE I A grasslands and includes sparse patches of chaparral.

A

M S

A T

B T

R S grasslands include cheat grass (Bromus tectorum),

A L B

L

F W

R combination of these and other riparian trees and

A

G

A

E

A

E E P Jennie CENTRAL AVE A L S BLVD TRAL AV Crafton

W REDLAND EN N

N S C

E R I

E It is located predominately in the southern and

A

O

K

C

T

S soft chess (Bromus hordeaceus), common ripgut

S

E Davis D

Ed Hales E CITRUS AVE CITRUS AVE shrubs, such as Fremont cottonwood (Populus N VE N STATE ST

CITRUS A N

T S

Park Park L eastern hills of the Planning Area and consists of

S

T S

O

N E T

S grass (Bromus diandrus), foxtail chess (Bromus

S C

T

A S T

E fremontii), coast live oak, canyon live oak (Quercus

4

N

U

L N T C I

S L

E H L

E N A

approximately 1,672 acres. Upland Riversidean sage

V A G

L S

K A ST J R VE HIGHLAND AVE madritensis), and fiddleneck (Amsinckia menziesii). A R E HIGHLAND A S Existing Open Space

E O A ORANGE AVE ID Smiley ED O chrysolepis), western sycamore (Platanus racemosa),

N A

S V W K ST L R E L Park O scrub is considered to be a sensitive plant community Heritage S A O K S O R T O ST This vegetation community provides habitat for a Park R LA N B D SE L Existing Open Space & Recreation and blue elderberry (Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea). C 4 Y T S V T SAN E S H E 5TH AVE when occupied by the California gnatcatcher V B L L D BARTON RD B A T E A C ST E variety of generally non-sensitive plant and wildlife O L C E L ST V V V N EN V R A Smaller species such as tree tobacco (Nicotiana glauca), I S A D D A L E N Photo Credits: Joe Castino E D B R City Owned Citrus Groves T O V L V T U (Polioptila californica). ER A ST A A Y IA W ER E D Ford A M P O species and covers approximately 4,082 acres of the L N L C R Brookside O O A RE

O N speedwell (Veronica sp.), knotweed (Polygonum sp.), A VE A N S S P Park S M 6TH A G L A T V A E T C A A V V A R Park N IST D Existing Agricultural Land I B M K E I R Redlands’ natural forest habitats are home to a myriad of birds. N E E I O Planning Area. E SI M A E W N A L AV A cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium), scalebroom L D A ST T R VE B E E T D V EN L U A EO VE V E V ESC T A City Parks D E R MI A E C UM (Lepidospartum squamatum), and nettle-leaved V S E V E S R E T V A Franklin T E O E A D S SE VE Loma V N N K RV RC A O A A Chaparral FT L Park O RES Private Open Space goosefoot (Chenopodium murale) are frequently N LI E H O IR T DR ER C AV E IG R Linda F T V H Prospect D W E U A V N UT W E HILTON AVE A ST N Park G present in openings. These riparian communities S E S HE AL G O General Plan Designations Chaparral is a relatively dense and tall shrubland E V L R C W A D A E P E N Y V R W

C A N E T EL D I ST are particularly prevalent along San Timoteo Creek, I SOUTH AVE L D W N ZA E R of hillsides. It occurs interspersed with upland

K Open Space CE BET N H N ES S T

S A R P T S E Yucaipa Creek, and the Santa Ana River. There are A T S C C R S Riversidean sage scrub and grassland in the eastern

M F U

W IF D N IL IC V E TS D R I Hillside Conservation Y HEIGH R S A SE SA T VI T

O STA approximately 147 acres of sensitive woody riparian N DR DR F and southern portions of the Planning Area. Shrub T H I M A S Yucaipa

O W Resource Preservation T LS communities in the Planning Area. E EY Simond's A species typical of chaparral in these areas include O W S ST B C Hillside U NSET DR Parkway A Memorial W MARIPOSA DR AS N Caroline H Freeway/Major Highway Park AV bush mallow (Malacothamnus fremontii), hoary- YO Park E N Redlands PA RD LO Riversidean Alluvial Fan Sage Scrub Country AL Major Roads leaf ceanothus (Ceanothus crassifolius), spiny TO D R R Club A VIS D LT T A A 10 redberry (Rhamnus crocea), chamise (Adenostoma ¨¦§ Local Roads Riversidean Alluvial Fan Sage Scrub is the dominant

D fasciculatum), toyon (Heteromeles arbutifolia), and

R natural community in rocky and gravelly soils along SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY R E T D River

RIVERSIDE CO O S U NS E scrub oak (Quercus spp.). Chaparral comprises

UNTY R the Santa Ana River Wash and Mill Creek north of D

* N # City of Redlands A Oakmont Redlands. Dominant shrub species in this community S S E Park Photo Credit: Serena Plum L A Sphere of Influence To Calimesa County Boundary

Data Source: City of Redlands, California, 2016; San Bernardino County, 2015; ESRI, 2015; LIVE OAK CANYON RD SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY SANBAG, 2015; Dyett & Bhatia, 2016. RIVERSIDE COUNTY

RIVERSIDE COUNTY 0 0.5 1 2 6-5

MILES Highland To *# Highland Figure 6-2: Land Use and Vegetation Cram Peak n y o Mor to n Peak n a B C San Bernardino San Bernardino e a n r V a l l o National Forest International e y r t Airport M o

T S

S a nta

A A na M R A ive

B r

A

L A

Israel ¨¦§210 Beal Park FLORIDA ST T

R R Redlands Municipal PALMETTO AVE DOMESTIC AVE IV S

E D RVIEW DR Airport T

W

E T

O S N

L

T R

R

D S

U

L A F East W PIONEER AVE E E PIONEER AVE

G

O

G

T

G

S

I N

Valley HARTZELL AVE R

R Sports

A

E A

R DOYLE AVE Park T

S M Corridor O

SAN BERNARDINO AVE B E SAN BERNARDINO AVE

E

W T

Community T

S

E S

T

V Park S

S CAPRI AVE CAPRI AVE

Y

E

A

A

E

T

R

V A

I

V

X A

D D S MADEIRA AVE ILL CREEK R

AVE M A

D ANIA W V E PENNSYL

ALMOND AVE E T A AVE

W PENNSYLVANI L

R

T

S

E Y

R

A T

I

Y

S T

E

E

T

E

V

R

S

L

V

N

S

V

P

E

E

E

I E

S Mentone Y

Texonia V

O

B

N

K

A

A

A N

R

I N

J I

Park O

R

L

A

R A

U E

N

C K

B E T NIA AV UGONIA AVE G E LUGO MENTONE BLVD

R E L

E N

E

O

V

T

T U

V

F

R

A

S S

T

I

A

E D

S

O T

L W WESTERN AVE

N

S

H T

L

H

A

L

M

R

A

N E

C A

S

D

C

O

G R

T E BROCKTON AVE NICE AVE

R I N

A IC

E BROCKTON AVE O E AVE

A C

W BROCKTON AVE T N

S N H

B

S

U

E

N

P

I O

D A

10 H

P

D D

L MOSS ST

I R

E

¨¦§ U A C

J A

W C #

*

S

N C

W SUN AVE A C

R Zanja Peak N

N E O COLTON AVE COLTON AVE

To W REDLANDS BLVD E M

T E

T Crafton

T

S

T

S V San Bernardino S

Park

S

A

A

Y LVAN

SY B LV INDEPENDENCE AVE N

S D

A

W

E N

R Sylvan

R

O

V E M 3RD AVE I VE

J A

O

T E I O

PARK AVE Park A

A

T

M

S

A T B

R S

A L B

L

Jennie F

W

R

E

A

A G E

Davis A

E P CENTRAL AVE A L LVD TRAL AV Crafton W REDLANDS B EN N

N C S

E R I

Park E

A

S

T

O

K

C

S D

E E STATE ST

E CITRUS AVE CITRUS AVE

T N N STATE ST

CITRUS AVE N

S

L

T

N

S

T S

VINE ST O

E S S A C R A F T O N H I L L S

C

4 T

T S

T E

N

U

L N H I

C S L

E Smiley L

E N

A

V S G A

A L S K A Park T R HIGHLAND AVE J R E HIGHLAND AVE S E A ORANGE AVE O E O

ID D A

S N V W K T L R L Heritage S E A O O K S S S Park O R O T R LA T N B D S L C 4 E Y T S V S E H E T 5TH AVE AN V B L L D BARTON RD B A T E A O S S L E C Agriculture E L T S V V R V A IV N C S T A D D A L E N E D E B R T V O N V L E A S U A A Y IA W T E D A T M P O R L N L C R Brookside O E O A RE Annual Grassland

O N A N S R A P S M 6TH AVE Park G L A A E T C A A V V Ford A R B N S I V I M K T S E I R D N E E T Park E I O L S M A E W N A L V A E ID S A V A T T R E Chaparral B V E T D U EN L A E C VE V E V O ES IT A D A E R M V E C UM S V E S R E T VE A T E O A D S S V Developed/Ruderal E Franklin ER E Loma V N N K V RC A TO LA Park A O RE IF O I ST RN L E H Prospect R DR E C AV E IG R Linda F T V Park D E U A H Oak Woodland W V N UT W E HILTON AVE A ST N G S E E S H AL G O E V L R C W A D

A E P E N Y V R W C A N E Riparian T EL D I ST I SOUTH AVE L D W N ZA E R CE BET N K

S N H T E S

S A R P T S T E

A S C C R S Riversidean Alluvial Fan Sage Scrub M I F U W F D N IL IC V E Y HEIGHTS D R R IA S SA ST V I ET

O STA

N DR DR F T H Upland Riversidean Sage Scrub I M A S Yucaipa

O W T LS E EY Simond's A O W S ST B C U NS ET DR Parkway Freeway/Major Highway A RIPOSA DR AS N W MA H AV YO E N PA Major Roads RD LO Caroline AL Park TO D R R A VIS D LT T A

A ¨¦§10 Local Roads

D R River SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY R E T D

RIVERSIDE COU O S U NS E

NTY R City of Redlands D

* N #

A S S Sphere of Influence E L A Oakmont Park To County Boundary Calimesa

Data Source: City of Redlands, California, 2016; San Bernardino County, 2015; USDA, 2014; LSA, 2015; LIVE OAK CANYON RD SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY ESRI, 2015; SANBAG, 2015; Dyett & Bhatia, 2016. RIVERSIDE COUNTY

RIVERSIDE COUNTY 6-6 Vital Environment

Sources: Esri, USGS, NOAA Highland To *# Highland Cram Peak n y o Mor to n Peak n a C • California gnatcatcher (Polioptila californica). An additional 46 non-listed sensitive species were B San Bernardino Biological Resources Special-Status Species San Bernardino e a n r V a l l o National Forest Known from along the Santa Ana River and may identified as potentially present in the Planning Area. International e y r t Critical Habitat Special status species are those that are listed as Airport o also be present in Riversidean alluvial fan sage Of these, the following 28 species have a moderate M rare, threatened, or endangered and afforded

T S S a scrub and upland Riversidean sage scrub in other to high potential for occurrence due to presence of nta The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) identifies

A A na varying degrees of protection through the applicable M R A ive a critical habitat as a specific geographical area that areas. suitable habitat. Although these species are not listed B r

A requirements of the Federal Endangered Species Act L

A is essential to the conservation of a threatened or as threatened or endangered, they are of limited (FESA), the California Native Plant Protection Act, • Least Bell’s vireo (Vireo bellii). Known from Israel endangered species and that may require special distribution and ongoing development in the region is 210 Beal Park and the California Endangered Species Act (CESA). riparian habitat along San Timoteo Creek and may ¨¦§ FLORIDA ST management considerations or protection. Critical further reducing their ranges and numbers. T

R R Redlands Municipal also occur in other riparian areas. PALMETTO AVE DOMESTIC AVE IV S

E These, as well as other sensitive species, require D RVIEW DR Airport T

W E T habitat for three federally listed endangered species

O S N

L

T

R consideration in reviews of development projects R

D • San Bernardino kangaroo rat (Dipodomys S

U

L A F Table 6-1 summarizes the listing status, habitat East W PIONEER AVE E E PIONEER AVE including the Santa Ana sucker, San Bernardino

G

O

G T

G under the California Environmental Quality Act

S I

N merriami parvus). Known from areas of scrub

Valley HARTZELL AVE R R Sports A requirements, and probabilities of occurrence of these

E kangaroo rat, and the southwestern willow flycatcher A

R DOYLE AVE Park T S

M (CEQA) and review of public works projects that have Corridor O SAN BERNARDINO AVE B E SAN BERNARDINO AVE and grassland along the Santa Ana River and Mill

E have been designated within the Planning Area. species.

W T

Community T

S E S

federal involvement of funding under the National

T Creek. May also occur in San Timoteo Canyon.

V Park S

S CAPRI AVE CAPRI AVE

Y

E

A

A

E

T

R

V A

I

V

X A

D D S MADEIRA AVE ILL CREEK R

AVE M D

ANIA A W V E PENNSYL

ALMOND AVE E Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). T A AVE

W PENNSYLVANI L

R

T

S

E Y

R

A T

I

Y

S T

E

E

T E

• Stephens’ kangaroo rat (Dipodomys stephensi).

V

R

S

L

V

N

S

V

P

E

E

E Special-Status Natural Communities

I E

S Mentone Y

Texonia V

O

B

N

K

A

A

A N

R

I N

J I

Park O

R

L

A

R A

U E N

C Potentially suitable habitat occurs in grassland in K

B E T IA AV UGONIA AVE G E LUGON MENTONE BLVD

R E L

E N

E Nineteen species that are State or federally listed

O V

T Although they are not legally protected in the same

T U

V

F

R

A

S S

T

I

A the southern and eastern portions of the Planning

E D

S

O T

L W WESTERN AVE

N

S

H T

L

H

A

L

M

R A

N E as rare, threatened, or endangered species were

C A

S way as are individual threatened and endangered

D

C

O

G R

T E BROCKTON AVE NICE AVE

R I N

A IC

E BROCKTON AVE O E AVE

A T

W BROCKTON AVE C Area. N

S N H

B

S

U

E

N

P

I O

D A

10 H

P

D D

L MOSS ST identified as potentially present within the Planning

I R

E species, certain natural communities are also

¨¦§ U A C

J A

W C #

*

S

N C

W SUN AVE A C

R Zanja Peak N N

E Another species, Arroyo toad (Bufo californicus), has O OLTON AVE COLTON AVE Area. Eight of these species are either known to be

To W REDLANDS BLVD E C M considered to be of special status due to their limited

T E

T Crafton

T

S

T

S V San Bernardino S a low probability of occurring along San Timoteo

Park

S A

present within the Planning Area or have a moderate A

Y LVAN

SY B LV INDEPENDENCE AVE occurrence or vulnerability. Within the Planning N

S D

A

W

E N

R Sylvan

R

O

V E M 3RD AVE I VE

J A

O

T E Creek or perhaps other drainages in the Planning I O

PARK AVE Park A

A

T

M

S

A T to high probability of occurring due to the presence of B

R S

A L Area, these include oak woodland, Riversidean alluvial B

L

Jennie F

W

R

E

A

A G E

Davis A

E P CENTRAL AVE A L LVD TRAL AV Crafton W REDLANDS B EN N

N C S E R

I Area.

Park E

A

S T

O suitable habitat.

K

C

S D fan sage scrub, and riparian forest, woodland, and

E E STATE ST

E CITRUS AVE CITRUS AVE

T N N STATE ST

CITRUS AVE N

S

L

T

N

S

T S

VINE ST O

E S S A C R A F T O N H I L L S scrub communities. These habitats are of particular

C

4 T

T S

T E

N

U

L N H I

C S L

E Smiley L

E N Ten other species that are listed as rare, threatened, or

A

V S G A

A L • Nevin’s barberry (Berberis nevinii). Known from S K A Park T R HIGHLAND AVE J R E HIGHLAND AVE S importance as habitat for the southwestern willow E A ORANGE AVE O E O

ID D A

S N V W K T L R L Heritage S E endangered and reported from the general vicinity of A O O K S S S hills southwest of San Timoteo Creek. May also Park O R O T R LA T N flycatcher, least Bell’s vireo (Vireo bellii pusillus), B D S L C 4 E Y T S V SA E H E T 5TH AVE N Redlands are not expected to occur in the Planning L D N RD V B B L occur in hills in other areas or along the Santa Ana BARTO A T E A O S S L E C Agriculture Santa Ana River woollystar (Eriastrum densifolium E L T S V V R V A IV N C S T A D D A L E N E D E B R T V O N V L Area. These include marsh sandwort (Arenaria E A S U A A Y A River or Mill Creek. IA W T E D R T M P O ssp. sanctorum), slender-horned spineflower L N L C R Brookside O E O A RE Annual Grassland

O N A N S R A P S M 6TH AVE Park G L A A E T C A A V V Ford A R paludicola), salt marsh bird’s beak (Chloropyron B N S I V I M K T S E I R D N E E T Park E I O (Dodecahema leptoceras), San Bernardino kangaroo L S M A E W N • Slender-horned spineflower (Dodecahema A L V A E ID S A V A T T R E Chaparral B V E T N D maritimum spp. maritimum), Gambel’s watercress U E L A E C VE V E V O ES IT A rat, and California gnatcatcher. D A E R M leptoceras). Known from areas of Riversidean V E C UM S V E S R E T VE A T E O A D S S V Developed/Ruderal (Nasturtium gambelli), Parish’s checkerbloom E Franklin ER E Loma V N N K V RC A TO LA Park A O RE alluvial fan sage scrub along the Santa Ana River. IF O I ST RN L E H Prospect R DR E C AV E IG R (Sidalcea hickmanii ssp. parishii), Delhi sands flower- Linda F T V Park D E U A H Oak Woodland W V N UT W E HILTON AVE Wildlife Movement Corridors May also occur along Mill Creek. A ST N G S E E S H AL G O E V L loving fly (Rhaphiomidas terminatus abdominalis), R C W A D

A E P E N Y V R W C A N E Riparian T EL D I ST I SOUTH AVE L D W N ZA E R Wildlife movement includes seasonal migration along • Santa Ana River woolly star (Eriastrum

K Santa Ana sucker, Sierra Madre yellow-legged frog CE BET N

S N H T E S

S A R P T S T E

A S C C R S Riversidean Alluvial Fan Sage Scrub densifolium). Known from areas of Riversidean M I F U corridors, as well as daily movements for foraging. W F D N (Rana muscosa), Swainson’s hawk (Buteo swainsoni), IL IC V E Y HEIGHTS D R R IA S SA ST V I ET

O STA N DR DR F The Santa Ana River, Mill Creek, and San Timoteo alluvial fan sage scrub along the Santa Ana River. T H Upland Riversidean Sage Scrub western yellow-billed cuckoo (Coccyzus americanus I M A S Yucaipa

O W T LS E EY Simond's A Creek and hills are particularly important movement May also occur along Mill Creek. occidentalis), and lesser long-noted bat (Leptonycteris O W S ST B C U NS ET DR Parkway Freeway/Major Highway A RIPOSA DR AS N W MA H AV corridors located along waterways. The Crafton Hills yerbabuenae). Even though Santa Ana sucker is not YO E • Southwestern willow flycatcher (Empidonax N PA Major Roads RD LO Caroline AL provide for movement between the Santa Ana River- expected to occur in the Planning Area, a portion Park TO D R R trailii). May nest in riparian forest in San Timoteo A VIS D LT T A

A ¨¦§10 Local Roads Mill Creek-San Bernardino Mountains habitats to Creek and along other major watercourses. of the Planning Area along the Santa Ana River is

D R River the north and the Live Oak-San Timoteo canyons- designated as critical habitat for this species because SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY R E T D

RIVERSIDE COU O S U NS E Badlands area to the south.

NTY R City of Redlands it provides water and sediment transport important to D

* N # downstream populations. A S S Sphere of Influence E L A Oakmont Park To County Boundary Calimesa

Data Source: City of Redlands, California, 2016; San Bernardino County, 2015; USDA, 2014; LSA, 2015; LIVE OAK CANYON RD SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY ESRI, 2015; SANBAG, 2015; Dyett & Bhatia, 2016. RIVERSIDE COUNTY

RIVERSIDE COUNTY 6-7

Sources: Esri, USGS, NOAA Table 6-1: Special Status Species Potentially Occurring in the Planning Area or Vicinity

Species Status Habitat and Distribution Activity Period Probability of Occurence in the Planning Area Plants

Berberis nevinii US: FE Gravelly wash margins in alluvial scrub or coarse soils and rocky slopes in chaparral at 275 to 825 meters Blooms March through June Present. Known from hills southwest of San Timoteo CA: SE/1B (900 to 2,700 feet) elevation. Known occurrences at higher elevations are planted (not natural). Known only (evergreen shrub, survey year-round) Creek. May also occur in hills in other areas or along the Nevin’s barberry from Los Angeles, San Bernardino, Riverside, and San Diego Counties, California. Santa Ana River or Mill Creek.

Chorizanthe parryi var. parryi US: – Sandy or rocky soils in chaparral, coastal scrub, or woodlands at 40 to 1,705 meters (100 to 5,600 feet) Blooms April through June (annual herb) Present. Known from the northern and eastern portions CA: 1B elevation. Known only from Los Angeles, Riverside, and San Bernardino Counties. of the Planning Area. Parry’s spineflower

Dodecahema leptoceras US: FE Sandy cobbly riverbed alluvium in alluvial fan sage scrub (usually late seral stage), on floodplain terraces Blooms April through June (annual herb) Present. Known from areas of Riversidean alluvial fan CA: SE/1B and benches that receive infrequent over bank deposits from generally large washes or rivers, where it is sage scrub along the Santa Ana River. May also occur Slender-horned spineflower most often found in shallow silty depressions. Occurs at 200 to 760 meters (600 to 2,500 feet) elevation. along Mill Creek. Known only from Los Angeles, Riverside, and San Bernardino Counties, California.

Eriastrum densifolium ssp. US: FE Riversidean alluvial fan sage scrub and chaparral in sandy or gravelly soils of floodplains and terraced fluvial Blooms May through September Present. Known from areas of Riversidean alluvial fan Sanctorum CA: SE/1B deposits of the Santa Ana River and larger tributaries (Lytle and Cajon Creeks, lower portions of City and Mill sage scrub along the Santa Ana River. May also occur Creeks) at 90 to 625 meters (300 to 2,100 feet) elevation in San Bernardino and Riverside Counties. along Mill Creek. Santa Ana River woollystar

Chorizanthe xanti var. US: – Sandy to gravelly places in Mojave desert scrub, pinyon and juniper woodland, or coastal scrub at 300 Blooms April through June(annual herb) High. Known from along Mill Creek just outside the leucotheca CA: 1B to 1,200 meters (980 to 3,900 feet) elevation. Reported from Los Angeles, Riverside, and San Bernardino Planning Area. Counties. White-bracted spineflower

Centromadia pungens ssp. US: – Generally alkaline areas in chenopod scrub, meadows, playas, riparian woodland, valley and foothill Blooms April through November (annual Moderate. May occur in areas of alkaline soil. Laevis CA: 1B grassland below 480 meters (1,600 feet) elevation. Known from Riverside and San Bernardino Counties, herb) extirpated from San Diego County. Smooth tarplant

Imperata brevifolia US: - Desert seeps, springs, moist canyons, canals, alkaline sinks, and similar wet areas below 500 meters (1,600 Blooms September through May Moderate. Known from the vicinity. May occur in San CA: 2B feet) elevation. Widespread in California and the western U. S. Also occurs in Mexico. (perennial grass) Timoteo Canyon or other moist sites. California satintail

Monardella macrantha ssp. US: – Dry slopes and ridges in openings in chaparral, woodland, and forest at 695 to 2,195 meters (2,280 to 7,200 Blooms June through August Moderate. Known from just outside the Planning Area Hallii CA: 1B feet) elevation. Known only from Los Angeles, San Diego, Orange, Riverside, and San Bernardino Counties, (sometimes to October) (perennial herb) along Mill Creek. May also occur in hilly areas. California. Hall’s monardella

Horkelia cuneata ssp. Puberula US: – Sandy or gravelly soils in chaparral, or rarely in cismontane woodland or coastal scrub at 70 to 825 meters Blooms February through July Low. Planning Area is outside known range of species. CA: 1B (200 to 2,700 feet) elevation. Known only from San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Ventura, Los Angeles, (sometimes to September) (perennial Little or no suitable habitat. Mesa horkelia Orange, and San Bernardino Counties, California. Believed extirpated from Riverside and San Diego herb) Counties.

Sidalcea neomexicana US: – Alkaline springs and brackish marshes below 1,530 meters (5,000 feet) elevation. In California, known only Blooms March through June(perennial Low. Only historical records (over 100 years old) from CA: 2B from Kern, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, and Ventura Counties. Believed extirpated from herb) Redlands or vicinity. Salt Spring checkerbloom Los Angeles County. Also known from Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, and Mexico.

Sphenopholis obtusata US: – Wet meadows, stream banks, and ponds at 300 to 2,000 meters (1,000 to 6,600 feet) elevation. Widely Blooms April through July(perennial Low. Historical records from vicinity, but none from the CA: 2B distributed. In Southern California, known only from San Bernardino, Riverside (Santa Ana River), and herb) Planning Area. Prairie wedge grass perhaps San Diego Counties.

Streptanthus campestris US: – Open rocky areas in chaparral, lower montane coniferous forest and pinyon-juniper woodland at 600 to 2,400 Blooms May through July (perennial Low. This is primarily a mountain species, but there is CA: 1B meters (2,000 to 7,800 feet) elevation. In California, known from Riverside, San Bernardino, and San Diego herb) a historical record (1955) from Mill Creek Canyon a few Southern jewel-flower Counties. miles east of Redlands.

6-8 Vital Environment Table 6-1: Special Status Species Potentially Occurring in the Planning Area or Vicinity

Species Status Habitat and Distribution Activity Period Probability of Occurence in the Planning Area

Symphyotrichum defoliatum US: – Vernally wet sites (such as ditches, streams, and springs) in many plant communities below 2,040 meters Blooms July through Low. There are historical records from the general CA: 1B (6,700 feet) elevation. In California, known from Ventura, Kern, San Bernardino, Los Angeles, Orange, November(perennial herb) vicinity, but none from the Planning Area. San Bernardino aster Riverside, and San Diego Counties. May also occur in San Luis Obispo County.

Fish

Rhinichthys osculus ssp. 3 US: – Found in the headwaters of the Santa Ana and San Gabriel River drainages. Found in riffles in small streams Year-round Present. Known from Mill Creek and the Santa Ana CA: SSC and shore areas with abundant gravel and rock. River. Santa Ana speckled dace

Gila orcuttii US: – Perennial streams or intermittent streams with permanent pools; slow water sections of streams with mud Year-round Low. Habitat in the Planning Area is unlikely to be CA: SSC or sand substrates; spawning occurs in pools. Native to Los Angeles, San Gabriel, San Luis Rey, Santa Ana, suitable due to lack of perennial water in Santa Ana Arroyo chub and Santa Margarita River systems; introduced in Santa Ynez, Santa Maria, Cuyama, and Mojave River River and Mill Creek. systems and smaller coastal streams.

Amphibians

Spea hammondii US: – Grasslands and occasionally hardwood woodlands; largely terrestrial but requires rain pools or other October through April (following onset High. May occur in large road ruts and other temporarily CA: SSC ponded water persisting at least three weeks for breeding. Occurs in the Central Valley and adjacent of winter rains) ponded areas in undeveloped portions of the Planning Western spadefoot foothills, the non-desert areas of southern California, and Baja California. Area.

Anaxyrus (Bufo) californicus US: FECA: Washes and arroyos with open water; sand or gravel beds; for breeding, pools with sparse overstory March through July Low. Not reported from the Planning Area. Potential SSC vegetation. Coastal and a few desert streams from Santa Barbara County to Baja California. habitat along major watercourses (Santa Ana River, Mill Arroyo toad Creek, San Timoteo Creek) is only marginally suitable, at best.

Reptiles

Aspidoscelis hyperythra US: – Prefers washes and other sandy areas with patches of brush and rocks, in chaparral, coastal sage scrub, March through July with reduced Present. Occurs along the Santa Ana River, in the CA: SSC juniper woodland, and oak woodland from sea level to 915 meters (3,000 feet) elevation. Perennial plants activity August through October Crafton Hills, and around San Timoteo Canyon. May Orangethroat whiptail required. Occurs in Riverside, Orange, San Diego Counties in southwest San Bernardino County, and in Baja occur along washes and in scrub in other portions of the California. Planning Area as well.

Anniella pulchra US: – Inhabits sandy or loose loamy soils with high moisture content under sparse vegetation from central Nearly year round, at least in southern High. Suitable habitat is present in undeveloped sites CA: SSC California to northern Baja California. areas with loose soil. California legless lizard

Crotalus ruber US: – Desert scrub, thornscrub, open chaparral and woodland; occasional in grassland and cultivated areas. Mid-spring through mid-fall High. Suitable habitat occurs in hills and rocky areas CA: SSC Prefers rocky areas and dense vegetation. Morongo Valley in San Bernardino and Riverside Counties to the along the major watercourses. Red diamond rattlesnake west and south into Mexico.

Phrynosoma blainvillii US: – Primarily in sandy soil in open areas, especially washes and floodplains, in many plant communities. April through July with reduced activity High. Suitable habitat is present along the Santa (coronatum) CA: SSC Requires open areas for sunning, bushes for cover, and patches of loose soil for burial. Occurs west of the August through October Ana River and in sandy areas in other portions of the deserts from northern Baja California north to Shasta County below 2,400 meters (8,000 feet) elevation. Planning Area. Coast horned lizard

Thamnophis hammondii US: – Highly aquatic. Only in or near permanent sources of water. Streams with rocky beds supporting willows or Diurnal Year-round Moderate. May occur along San Timoteo Creek and in CA: SSC other riparian vegetation. From Monterey County to northwest Baja California. other areas of permanent or near permanent water. Two-striped garter snake

Birds

Icteria virens (nesting) US: – Riparian thickets of willow, brushy tangles near watercourses. Nests in riparian woodland throughout much April through September Present. Known from riparian habitat along San Timoteo CA: SSC (breeding) of western North America. Winters in Central America. Creek. Suitable habitat exists in other areas of riparian Yellow-breasted chat forests and scrub.

Lanius ludovicianus (nesting) US: – Prefers open habitats with scattered small trees and with fences, utility lines, or other perches. Inhabits Year-round Present. Known from San Timoteo canyon, and likely CA: SSC (breeding) open country with short vegetation, pastures, old orchards, cemeteries, golf courses, riparian areas, and also occurs in other open habitats. Loggerhead shrike open woodlands. Occurs only rarely in heavily urbanized areas, but often found in open cropland. Found in open country in much of North America.

6-9 Table 6-1: Special Status Species Potentially Occurring in the Planning Area or Vicinity

Species Status Habitat and Distribution Activity Period Probability of Occurence in the Planning Area

Polioptila californica US: FTCA: Inhabits coastal sage scrub in low-lying foothills and valleys up to about 500 meters (1,640 feet) elevation in Year-round Present. Known from along the Santa Ana River and may SSC cismontane southwestern California and Baja California. also be present in Riversidean alluvial fan sage scrub California gnatcatcher and upland Riversidean sage scrub in other areas.

Setophagia petechia(nesting) US: – Riparian woodland while nesting in the western U.S. and northwestern Baja California; more widespread in Summer, winter, or Year-round, Present. Known from riparian habitat along San Timoteo CA: SSC (breeding) brushy areas and woodlands during migration. Occurs from western Mexico to northern South America in depending on locale Creek. Suitable habitat also occurs in other areas of Yellow warbler winter. Migrants are widespread and common. riparian woodland, forest, and scrub.

Vireo bellii pusillus US: FECA: Riparian forests and willow thickets. The most critical structural component of Least Bell’s Vireo habitat in April through September Present. Known from riparian habitat along San Timoteo SE California is a dense shrub layer 2 to 10 feet (0.6–3.0 meter) above ground. Nests from central California to Creek and may also occur in other riparian areas. Least Bell’s vireo northern Baja California. Winters in southern Baja California.

Athene cunicularia (burrow US: – Open country with low or sparse vegetation in much of North and South America. Usually occupies ground Year-round High. Potentially suitable habitat is present in open sites) CA: SSC (breeding) squirrel burrows in open, dry grasslands, agricultural and range lands, railroad rights-of-way, and margins of areas associated with agriculture and in grassland highways, golf courses, and airports. throughout the Planning Area. Burrowing owl

Elanus leucurus (nesting) US: – Typically nests in riparian trees such as oaks, willows, and cottonwoods at low elevations. Forages in open Year-round High. Suitable habitat occurs along major watercourses CA: CFP country. Found in South America and in southern areas and along the western coast of North America. with adjacent grassland or scrub. White-tailed kite

Aquila chrysaetos(nesting & US: – Generally open country of the Temperate Zone worldwide. Nesting primarily in rugged mountainous country. Year-round diurnal Moderate. May forage over the Santa Ana River and wintering) CA: CFP Uncommon resident in Southern California. other large open areas. No nesting habitat is present.

Golden eagle

Asio otus (nesting) US: – Scarce and local in forests and woodlands throughout much of the Northern Hemisphere. Rare resident in Nocturnal Year-round Moderate. Potentially suitable habitat exists for this CA: SSC (breeding) coastal southern California. Nests and roosts in dense willow-riparian woodland and oak woodland, but species in riparian woodlands and adjacent areas. Long-eared owl forages over wider areas. Breeds from valley foothill hardwood up to ponderosa pine habitat.

Empidonax traillii extimus US: FECA: Rare and local breeder in extensive riparian areas of dense willows or (rarely) tamarisk, usually with May through September Moderate. May nest in riparian forest in San Timoteo SE standing water, in the southwestern U.S. and possibly extreme northwestern Mexico. Winters in Central Creek an along other major watercourses. Southwestern willow and South America. Below 6,000 feet elevation. flycatcher

Agelaius tricolor (nesting US: – Open country. Forages in grassland and cropland habitats. Nests in large groups near fresh water, Year-round Low. Habitat may be marginally suitable for this colony) CA: SSC (breeding) preferably in emergent wetland with tall, dense cattails or tules, but also in thickets of willow, blackberry, species at marshy sites in agricultural areas or along wild rose, or tall herbs. Seeks cover for roosting in emergent wetland vegetation, especially cattails and watercourses. Tricolored blackbird tules, and also in trees and shrubs. Occurs in western Oregon, California, and northwestern Baja California.

Mammals

Chaetodipus fallax fallax US: – Found in sandy herbaceous areas, usually associated with rocks or coarse gravel in coastal scrub, Year-round Present. Known from areas of scrub and grassland in Northwestern CA: SSC chaparral, grasslands, and sagebrush, from Los Angeles County through southwestern San Bernardino, the northern and eastern portions of the Planning Area. western Riverside, and San Diego Counties to northern Baja California. San Diego pocket mouse

Dipodomys merriami parvus US: FECA: Gravelly and sandy soils of alluvial fans, braided river channels, active channels and terraces; San Nocturnal, active year-round Present. Known from areas of scrub and grassland along SSC Bernardino Valley (San Bernardino County) and San Jacinto Valley (Riverside County). In San Bernardino the Santa Ana River and Mill Creek. May also occur in San Bernardino kangaroo rat County, this species occurs primarily in the Santa Ana River and its tributaries north of Interstate 10, with San Timoteo Canyon. small remnant populations in the Etiwanda alluvial fan, the northern portion of the Jurupa Mountains in the south Bloomington area, and in Reche Canyon.

Neotoma lepida intermedia US: –CA: Found in desert scrub and coastal sage scrub habitat, especially in association with cactus patches. Builds Year-round, mainly nocturnal, Present. Known from areas of scrub along the Santa SSC stick nests around cacti, or on rocky crevices. Occurs along the Pacific slope from San Luis Obispo County occasionally crepuscular and diurnal Ana River. Suitable habitat also exists in other areas of San Diego desert woodrat to northwest Baja California. scrub and chaparral.

6-10 Vital Environment Table 6-1: Special Status Species Potentially Occurring in the Planning Area or Vicinity

Species Status Habitat and Distribution Activity Period Probability of Occurence in the Planning Area

Perognathus longimembris US: – Prefers sandy soil for burrowing, but has been found on gravel washes and stony soils. Found in coastal Nocturnal. Active late spring to early Present. Known from along the Santa Ana River. May brevinasus CA: SSC sage scrub in Los Angeles, Riverside, and San Bernardino Counties. fall. also occur in other areas of scrub.

Los Angeles pocket mouse

Eumops perotis californicus US: – Occurs in many open, semi-arid to arid habitats, including conifer and deciduous woodlands, coastal scrub, Year-round; nocturnal High. Suitable foraging habitat exists in coastal sage CA: SSC grasslands, chaparral, etc.; roosts in crevices in vertical cliff faces, high buildings, and tunnels, and travels scrub and grassland communities within the Planning Western mastiff bat widely when foraging. Area. May roost in high buildings.

Lasiurus xanthinus US: – Found mostly in desert and desert riparian areas of the southwest US, but also expanding its range with the Year-round; nocturnal High. Palm trees suitable for roosting are scattered CA: SSC increased usage of native and non-native ornamental palms in landscaping. Individuals typically roost amid throughout Planning Area. Cottonwoods in San Timoteo Western yellow bat dead fronds of palms in desert oases, but have also been documented roosting in cottonwood trees. Forage Canyon and other areas may also provide suitable over many habitats. roosting habitat.

Lepus californicus bennettii US: – Variety of habitats including herbaceous and desert scrub areas, early stages of open forest and chaparral. Year-round, diurnal and crepuscular High. Suitable habitat occurs in scrub and grassland CA: SSC Most common in relatively open habitats. Restricted to the cismontane areas of Southern California, activity communities in the northern, eastern, and southern San Diego black-tailed extending from the coast to the Santa Monica, San Gabriel, San Bernardino, and Santa Rosa Mountain portions of the Planning Area. jackrabbit ranges.

Antrozous pallidus US: – Most common in open, dry habitats with rocky areas for roosting. Day roosts in caves, crevices, rocky Year-round; nocturnal Moderate. Potentially suitable roosting habitat exists CA: SSC outcrops, tree hollows or crevices, mines and occasionally buildings, culverts, and bridges. Night roosts may in rocky outcrops, buildings, and bridges. Potentially Pallid bat be more open sites, such as porches and open buildings. Grasslands, shrublands, woodlands, and forest in suitable foraging habitat exists in grasslands, rocky western North America. slopes, woodland, and riparian forest communities.

Dipodomys stephensi US: FECA: Found in plant communities transitional between grassland and coastal sage scrub, with perennial Year-round, nocturnal Moderate. Potentially suitable habitat occurs in ST vegetation cover of less than 50% and soils suitable for burrowing (neither sandy nor too hard). Not found grassland in the southern and eastern portions of the Stephens’ kangaroo rat in soils that are highly rocky or sandy, less than 20 inches deep, or heavily alkaline or clay, or in areas Planning Area. exceeding 25% slope. Occurs only in western Riverside County, northern San Diego County, and extreme southern San Bernardino County, below 915 meters (3,000 feet) elevation. Reaches its northwest limit in south Norco, southeast Riverside, and in the Reche Canyon area of Riverside and extreme southern San Bernardino Counties.

Onychomys torridus ramona US: – Believed to inhabit sandy or gravelly valley floor habitats with friable soils in open and semi-open scrub, Nocturnal, active year-round Moderate. Potential habitat occurs in areas of scrub and CA: SSC including coastal sage scrub, mixed chaparral, low sagebrush, riparian scrub, and annual grassland with chaparral. Southern grasshopper mouse scattered shrubs, preferring low to moderate shrub cover. Known from arid portions of southwestern California and northwestern Baja California.

Taxidea taxus US: – Primary habitat requirements seem to be sufficient food and friable soils in relatively open uncultivated Year-round Moderate. Potentially suitable habitat exists along the CA: SSC ground in grasslands, woodlands, and desert. Widely distributed in North America. Santa Ana River and Mill Creek and in hilly portions of American badger the Planning Area.

Nyctinomops femorosaccus US: – Usually associated with cliffs, rock outcrops, or slopes. May roost in buildings (including roof tiles) or caves. Year-round; nocturnal Low. Marginally suitable habitat may occur in hilly areas CA: SSC Rare in California, where it is found in Riverside, San Diego, Imperial and possibly Los Angeles Counties. in the eastern and southern portions of the Planning Pocketed free-tailed bat More common in Mexico. Area.

US: Federal Classifications

FE: Listed as Endangered FT: Listed as Threatened CA: State ClassificationsSE: State-listed as Endangered ST: State-listed as Threatened SR: State-listed as Rare CFP: California Full Protected. Refers to animals protected from take under Fish and Game Code sections 3511, 4700, 5050, and 5515. SA: Special Animal. Refers to any other animal monitored by the Natural Diversity Data Base, regardless of its legal or protection status. 1A: California Rare Plant Rank 1A – presumed extinct in California 1B: California Rare Plant Rank 1B – rare, threatened or endangered in California and elsewhere. 2B: California Rare Plant Rank 2 – rare, threatened or endangered in California, but more common elsewhere.

Source: LSA Associates, 2015. 6-11 Policies Principles or federally listed as rare, threatened, or 6-A.17 Coordinate open space and habitat pres- endangered are identified as potentially ervation in the Crafton Hills with the City 6.3 6 - P.7 Protect environmentally sensitive present. of Yucaipa. Agriculture lands, wildlife habitats, and rare, 6-A.12 Require that proposed projects adjacent 6-A.18 Coordinate open space and habitat pres- threatened, or endangered plant and to, surrounding, or containing wetlands, ervation in San Timoteo and Live Oak and Open Space animal communities. riparian corridors, or wildlife corridors canyons with Riverside County. be subject to a site-specific analysis 6 - P.8 for Resource Minimize disruption of wildlife and that will determine the appropriate size 6-A.19 Continue participation in regional plan- valued habitat throughout the Planning and configuration of a buffer zone. ning efforts to protect habitat and envi- Area and emphasize that open space ronmentally sensitive species, including Production is for more than just human use, but 6-A.13 Utilize conservation easements and efforts by the City of Yucaipa on habitat Open space for agriculture and for construction preserves as means to conserve natural preservation along Yucaipa Creek and in also serves as habitat for biological aggregate mining corresponds to the open space for habitats. Live Oak Canyon throughout its length. resources. managed production of resources under State law. 6 - P.9 Preserve, protect, and enhance 6-A.14 Construct freeway and arterial street 6-A.20 Work with State and County agencies wildlife corridors, including natural undercrossings or overpasses where in developing recovery and restora- necessary to establish and preserve tion plans after natural or manmade Agriculture watercourses, connecting the San identified wildlife corridors. disasters to restore natural landscapes, Bernardino National Forest, Santa Ana Citrus farming was Redlands’ original economic habitats, and functioning ecosystems. base. While most agricultural lands in Redlands have River Wash, Crafton Hills, San Timoteo 6-A.15 Enhance the Mill Creek Zanja and Morey As part of the recovery and restoration been lost due to urban development pressures, citrus and Live Oak Canyons, the Badlands, Arroyo and tributary drainages as ripar- plans, include evaluation processes and farming remains an integral part of the city’s identity. and other open space areas. ian corridors, where feasible, to provide implementation actions. Where appro- habitat as well as recreational and aes- priate, incorporate the use of native Agricultural land makes up 948 acres (4 percent) 6 - P.10 Landscape public areas using native thetic value consistent with an overall species. of land in the city; 1,269 acres (19 percent) of land in vegetation where practical. master plan for habitat preservation. the Sphere of Influence, and 2,217 acres (7 percent) of 6-A.21 Ensure that future activities in the Santa land in the entire Planning Area, as shown on Figure 6-A.16 Work with the Crafton Hills Open Space Ana River Wash are consistent with 6-3. Agricultural areas are generally limited to the Actions Conservancy to preserve, enhance, and the habitat conservation policies of the periphery of the Planning Area, mainly to the north 6-A.11 Require a biological assessment of any maintain the Crafton Hills as an ecosys- Upper Santa Ana River Land Manage- along Santa Ana Wash, east in Mentone and Crafton, proposed project site within the Plan- tem. ment Habitat Conservation Plan (Wash and south in San Timoteo Canyon. Agricultural ning Area where species that are State Plan). production is devoted largely to citrus groves. Other forms of agriculture include other orchard crops, row crops, livestock, dairies, and Christmas tree farms. The city contains 1,137 acres of land classified by the California Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program as Prime, of Statewide or Local Importance, or Unique, with another 1,866 acres in the Redlands Sphere of Influence.

Open space on the periphery of Redlands, including the Santa Ana River Wash, are valuable natural environs for humans and animals alike, and contribute to the unique scenic character of Redlands.

6-12 Vital Environment Agricultural Preservation applies to land south of Sunset Drive, which permits Mining in the Santa Ana Wash is being done on both continued agricultural use in San Timoteo Canyon. sides of the boundary between the cities of Redlands Much of the city’s agricultural land is located in The Agriculture designation along Santa Ana Wash and Highland. New areas are currently being areas designated as Agricultural Preserve, a set of contains several citrus groves in Mentone. The Rural proposed for mining along the northern Planning boundaries originally established in 1970 within Living designation covers much of Crafton, which Area boundary by Sunwest Materials and Robertsons which landowners may enter 10-year Williamson contains a large portion of orange groves in the Ready Mix. While approximately 90 percent of Act contracts to maintain open use in exchange for Planning Area; this designation requires a minimum the land is owned by public agencies (Bureau of taxation based on agricultural use rather than market lot size of five acres (with larger lots on slopes greater Land Management, San Bernardino County, City value. Williamson Act contracts renew automatically than 15 percent). Figure 6-3 shows these designations of Redlands, and San Bernardino Valley Water each year unless the owner of public entity (City or together with existing agriculture uses. Conservation District), the land is leased to allow County) serves notice of nonrenewal, allowing the mining and (haul) roads. land to become available for development 10 years hence. As of 2017, there are 622 acres of farmland Construction Aggregates In 1990 Redlands annexed the Sunwest Materials contracted under the Williamson Act in the Planning (formerly C.L. Pharris Sand and Gravel Company’s Area. The Santa Ana Wash adjoining Redlands contains high quality construction aggregates that have been Orange Street Aggregates) processing plant built two years earlier under permits issued by San Bernardino Citrus Production mined since the 1920s. Urban preemption of prime deposits and conflicts between mining and other uses County. The annexed area also included the Old Citrus groves in the Planning Area outside of city throughout California led to passage of the Surface Webster Quarry which is being mined by Robertson limits include those in Mentone near the Redlands Mining and Reclamation Act of 1975 (SMARA) which Ready Mix under permits issued by the County of Airport, interspersed among development in the requires all cities and counties to incorporate in their San Bernardino. Based on information presented in Mentone area, at the end of Mentone Boulevard, General Plans the mapped designations approved by 1987, the California Division of Mines and Geology and throughout the Crafton area. Much of Crafton the State Mining and Geology Board (SMGB). estimates 50-year aggregate needs in the San is devoted to citrus groves or other agricultural uses. Bernardino Production-Consumption Region at 476 San Bernardino County identifies the Crafton Hills Redlands is required by SMARA to adopt policies million tons; 10.45 billion tons are potentially available Groves as a major open space area. The County notes recognizing the importance of the identified mineral as resources within the Santa Ana Wash area. that the area is of value primarily as an agricultural resources, clarifying the intent that this information district, although it also has scenic value as an is to be used when making land use decisions in areas The Wash area is covered by the Upper Santa Ana example of the once widespread citrus operations in designated to be of statewide or regional significance, Wash Land Management and Habitat Conservation the San Bernardino Valley. and emphasizing the conservation and development of Plan (Wash Plan), which provides for the coordination identified mineral deposits. Figure 6-4 shows mineral and accommodation of existing and anticipated The City of Redlands has a Citrus Preservation land classifications and designated aggregate resource future activities in the wash area. The Wash Plan division in its Quality of Life Department, and sectors as identified by the California Geological proposes land use designations for the entire operates citrus groves as an enterprise. The City owns Survey (CGS). The mineral land classifications Wash area in Redlands, including land for habitat 16 citrus groves throughout the city totaling 152 acres. show areas inventoried by CGS in terms of mineral conservation, aggregate mining, flood control, and The city’s citrus heritage is discussed in Chapter 2. The resource potential. The aggregate resource sectors water conservation. groves are shown on Figure 6-3. show areas designated by SMGB as lands containing mineral resources of regional or statewide economic Agricultural Designations significance that are needed to meet the demands of The General Plan Land Use Diagram (Figure the future. In some cases, previously designated areas 4-1) includes several designations to permit and have been terminated due to the development of land to promote continued agriculture use. These uses incompatible with mining; these are also shown designations include Agriculture on land within the on Figure 6-4. Classifications and designations may be updated by CGS and SMGB over time. city, and the Resource Preservation designation that Historical citrus advertisements underscore the importance of the citrus industry to Redlands’ identity.

6-13 Highland Figure 6-3: Agricultural Open Space and City Groves To Highland

San Bernardino International Airport

T S

S a nta

A A na M R A ive

B r

A

L A Israel 210 Beal Park FLORIDA ST T

R R Redlands Municipal PALMETTO AVE DOMESTIC AVE IV S

E D RVIEW DR Airport

W

E T T

O S

N

L T

East R

R

D S

U

L A F W PIONEER AVE E E PIONEER AVE G

O Valley

G

G

T S

I N

HARTZELL AVE Sports

R

R A

Corridor E A

R DOYLE AVE Park

T S

M O

SAN BERNARDINO AVE B E SAN BERNARDINO AVE

E

W T

T

S E

Community S

T

V S

S CAPRI AVE CAPRI AVE

Y

A

E

A

E

Park T

R

V

A I

V

X A S D MADEIRA AVE L CREEK RD

VE MIL W

LVANIA A A D SY VE E PENN ALMOND A E AVE

W PENNSYLVANIA

L

T

E

T S

Y

R

A

T

I

Y S

E R

E

T

E

T S

R

V

L

N

S

V

E

E

V E

I

E P

S Mentone

Y

V O

Texonia B

N

K

A

A

A

N I

N

R

J

I

O

R

L

A

R A U

Park E

N

C

K T

B IA AVE

E LUGONIA AVE G E LUGON MENTONE BLVD

R

E N

E

V

O T

V

U

R

F

A

S

T S

T

I

A

E D

S O

L WESTERN AVE W

N

T S

H

T

L

H

A

L

M

R A

N

E

A C

S

D

O

C

G R T ON AVE NICE AVE

E BROCKT

R I

E A NICE

E BROCKTON AV O AVE A

W BROCKTON AVE C N

S N H

B

U

T S

E

N

P

I O

D

10 A

H

P D

L S ST

D MOS

I R

U

E

C A

J

W

C

A S

N C

W SUN AVE A

C

R N

N E To O E COLTON AVE COLTON AVE

W REDLANDS BLVD M E

T Crafton

T S

T

T S

S

San Bernardino V

S

A

LVAN A

Sylvan SY BLV Park

N Y

S D A W E AVE

INDEPENDENC E

N

R

R

O

V E M E 3RD AVE I V

J Park A

O

T

E O

PARK AVE I A

A M

S A T

B T R S

A L B

L

F

W

R

E Jennie

A

G

A

E

A E

CENTRAL AVE P L Davis DS BLVD NTRAL AV Crafton

W REDLAN E N

N S C

E R

I

A E

A

O

Park K

C

T S

D S

E E STATE ST

E CITRUS AVE CITRUS AVE N

N STATE ST

N T

CITRUS AVE S

L

N

S

T

T S

VINE ST O

E S

S

C

4 T

A S T

T E

N

U

L N H C I

Smiley S L

E L E N

A V ST A G

L

S

K A Park J R HIGHLAND AVE A O R E HIGHLAND AVE S

E A ORANGE AVE ID ED O

N A

S V W K ST L R E L

Heritage S A O

O K S O R T O ST Existing (2016) Agricultural Use R LA N Park B SE L C 4 D Y E T S V T 5TH AVE SAN V S H E L D BARTON RD B A B L E A O C ST L T E C E L ST City Owned Citrus Groves EN V V R V A IV N S A D D A L E E D B R N T V L V O T U E A ST A A Y IA W ER E D A R M P O Brookside L N L C R O O A RE A O N A N S S P S M 6TH AVE Other Agriculture Use G L A T V A E T C Park A A V A R B N I V I M K ST E Ford I R D N E E E I O L SI M A E W N A L AV Park A E D A ST T R VE B V E T N D General Plan Designations L U A E E V E V O SC AVE A E E IT D E R MM V S V C SU R E T VE A E T E O E A D Franklin S SE VE Agriculture Loma V N N K RV RC A O A A FT L Park O RES N LI E H O IR T D ER C V G R R F A VE I D Linda E UT A H Prospect W V N UT W E HILTON AVE Rural Living A ST N Park G S E L E S H A G O E V L R C W A D A E P E N Y V R W

C A N E T EL D I ST Open Space I SOUTH AVE L D W ZA E R EN K C BET N

S N H T E S

S A R P T S E S A T C C R S

M F U Parks/Golf Courses

W IF D N IL IC V E Y HEIGHTS D R R IA S SA ST VI ET

O STA

N DR DR F T H I Resource Preservation M A S Yucaipa

O W T LS E EY Simond's A O W SU NS ET DR ST Parkway B C SA DR A City of Redlands A W MARIPO SH N AV YO E N PA RD Caroline LO Sphere of Influence AL Park T O D R R A VIS D LT T A

A 10 Freeway/Major Highway D

R Major Roads SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY R E T D O S U NS E RIVERSIDE COUNTY R

D Local Roads N

A S S E River L Oakmont A Park To County Boundary Calimesa

Data Source: City of Redlands, California, 2016; San Bernardino County GIS, 2015; USDA, 2014; LIVE OAK CANYON RD SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY LSA, 2015; SANBAG, 2015; Dyett & Bhatia, 2016. RIVERSIDE COUNTY

RIVERSIDE COUNTY Vital Environment 6-14 0 0.5 1 2

MILES Highland Figure 6-4: Mineral Resources To Highland

MRZ-3 MRZ-2

San Bernardino International MRZ-2 Airport

T S

S a nta

A A na M R Santa Ana Wash A ive

B r

A

L A MRZ-1 210 FLORIDA ST T

R R Redlands Municipal PALMETTO AVE DOMESTIC AVE IV S

E D RVIEW DR Airport

W

E T T

O S

N

L T

East R

R MRZ-1

D S

U

L A F W PIONEER AVE E E PIONEER AVE G

O Valley

G

G

T S

I N

HARTZELL AVE

R R A MRZ-2

Corridor E A

R DOYLE AVE

T S

M O

SAN BERNARDINO AVE B E SAN BERNARDINO AVE

E

W T

T

S E

S

T

V S

S CAPRI AVE CAPRI AVE

Y

A

E

A

E

T

R

V

A I

V

X A S D MADEIRA AVE L CREEK RD

VE MIL W

LVANIA A A D SY VE E PENN ALMOND A E AVE

W PENNSYLVANIA

L

T

E

T S

Y

R

A

T

I

Y S

E R

E

T

E

T S

R

V

L

N

S

V

MRZ-2 E

E

V E

I

E P

S Mentone

Y

V

O

B

N

K

A

A

A

N I

N

R

J

I

O

R

L

A

R A

U E

N

C

K T

B IA AVE

E LUGONIA AVE G E LUGON MENTONE BLVD

R

E N

E

V

O T

V

U

R

F

A

S

T S

T

I

A

E D

S O

L WESTERN AVE W

N

T S H

T MRZ-2

L

H

A

L

M

R A

N

E

A C

S

D

O

C

G R T ON AVE NICE AVE

E BROCKT

R I

E A NICE

E BROCKTON AV O AVE A

W BROCKTON AVE C N

S N H

B

U

T S

E

N

P

I O

D

10 A

H

P D

L S ST

D MOS

I R

U

E

C A

J

W

C

A S

N C

W SUN AVE A

C

R N

N E To O E COLTON AVE COLTON AVE

W REDLANDS BLVD M

E

T

T S

T

T S

S

San Bernardino V

S

A

LVAN A

SY BLV

N Y

S D INDEPENDENCE AVE

A

W

E

N

R

R

O

V E M E 3RD AVE I V

J A

O

T

E O

PARK AVE I A

A M Aggregate Resource Sectors

S A T

B T R S

A L B

L

F

W

R

E

A

G

A

E

A E

CENTRAL AVE P Sectors designated by the State Mining L DS BLVD NTRAL AV Crafton

W REDLAN E N

N S C

E R

I A

MRZ-1 E

A

O

K

C

T S

D S

E E STATE ST

E CITRUS AVE CITRUS AVE and Geology Board (1987) as containing N RUS AVE N STATE ST

CIT N

T S

L

N

S

T

T S

VINE ST O regionally significant PCC-grade aggregate

E S

S

C

4 T

A S T

T E

N

U

L N H C I resources

S L

E L E N

A V ST A G

L

S

K A J R HIGHLAND AVE A O R E HIGHLAND AVE S

E A ORANGE AVE ID ED O

N A

S V W K ST L R E L Designated areas lost to land uses

S A O

O K S O R T O ST R LA N B SE L C 4 D Y incompatible with mining since 1987 E T S V T 5TH AVE SAN V S H E L D BARTON RD B A B L E A O C ST L T E C E L ST EN V V R V A IV N S A D D A L E Mineral Land Classification E D B R N T V L V O T U E A ST A A Y IA W ER E D A

R M P L N L C O R O O A RE A O N A N S S P S M 6TH AVE G L A T V A E T MRZ-1: Areas where available geologic C A A V A R B N I V I M K ST E I R D N E E E I O L SI M A E W N information indicates that little likelihood A L AV A E D A ST T R VE B V E T D U EN L A E VE exists for the presence of significant V E V O SC T A A E E MI D E R UM V S V C S R mineral resources E T VE A E T E O E A D S SE VE Loma V N N K RV RC A O A A FT L O RES N LI E H O IR T D ER C V G R R MRZ-2: Areas where geologic data F A VE I D Linda E UT A H W V N UT W E HILTON AVE A ST N G indicate that significant PCC-Grade S E L E S H A G O E V L MRZ-3 R C W A D A E P E N aggregate resources are present Y V R W

C A N E T EL D I ST I SOUTH AVE L D W ZA E R EN K C BET N

S N

H T MRZ-3: Areas containing known or E S

S A R P T S E S A T C C R S

M F U

W IF D N inferred mineral occurences of IL IC V E Y HEIGHTS D R R IA S SA ST VI ET

O STA

N DR DR undetermined mineral resource F T H I M A S Yucaipa significance

O W T LS E EY A O W SU NS ET DR ST B C SA DR A City of Redlands A W MARIPO SH N AV MRZ-3 YO E N PA RD LO Sphere of Influence AL T O D R R A VIS D LT T A

A 10 Freeway/Major Highway D

SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY R R Major Roads E T D O S U NS E RIVERSIDE COUNTY R

D Local Roads N

A S S E L River A MRZ-3 To Calimesa County Boundary

Data Source: California Geologic Survey, 2008; City of Redlands, California, 2016; San Bernardino County GIS, LIVE OAK CANYON RD SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY 2015; ESRI, 2015; SANBAG, 2015; Dyett & Bhatia, 2016. RIVERSIDE COUNTY

RIVERSIDE COUNTY 0 0.5 1 2 6-15

MILES Policies

Principles 6 - P.15 Support appropriate commercial activ- Actions 6-A.28 Permit and encourage community gar- dens in City parks and open spaces, and Agriculture ities (i.e horse stables, agri-tourism) in Agriculture rural areas. in the open space areas of new develop- 6 - P.11 Retain the maximum feasible amount 6-A.22 Employ zoning for agricultural and rural ments. of agricultural land for its contribu- Construction Aggregates living areas to maintain citrus and other croplands in production where desig- 6-A.29 Encourage retention or establishment tions to the local economy, lifestyle, 6 - P.16 Ensure that future mining activity in air quality, habitat value and sense of nated on the General Plan Land Use of horse stables and riding academies in the Santa Ana River Wash area is con- the Highland-Canyons planning subarea Redlands’ heritage. map. sistent with the Upper Santa Ana River to meet the needs of the Planning Area’s 6-A.23 Permit transfer of development rights 6 - P.12 Support the viability of agriculture Land Management Habitat Conserva- equestrians. (TDR) between agreeable owners to through efforts to promote locally- tion Plan (Wash Plan). preserve agricultural land and citrus Construction Aggregates grown produce and livestock as part of 6 - P.17 Ensure that adequate aggregate groves. Develop an agricultural land mit- 6-A.30 Designate mineral resource (mining) Redlands lifestyle and economy. reserves for local and regional needs igation program to conserve agricultural areas as identified in the Wash Plan. land through agricultural conservation 6 - P.13 Preserve the identity of Crafton and are available in accordance with the Wash Plan. easements at a ratio of 1:1 or greater. 6-A.31 Apply zoning regulations in designated San Timoteo /Live Oak canyons as Regionally Significant Construction farming neighborhoods. 6 - P.18 Reserve designated Mineral Resource The City may also take advantage of fund- Aggregate Resource Areas allowing aggregate extraction as a conditional 6 - P.14 Provide for the continued operation Zone (MRZ) areas outside the Santa ing opportunities in order to establish such a Ana River Wash for agricultural or program. use and prohibiting land uses incompat- of existing livestock/dairy farms in ible with mining operations. areas of the San Timoteo and Live Oak open space uses. canyons and Crafton designated as 6-A.24 Utilize local land trusts to make the most 6-A.32 Deny approval of surface mining per- Resource Preservation, Rural Living, efficient use of funds available for agri- mits at locations where unmitigated and Very Low Density Residential on cultural preservation. adverse impacts would be significantly the General Plan Land Use map. greater than at alternative locations 6-A.25 Utilize State and non-profit funds for within the San Bernardino Production­- agricultural conservation easements Consumption Region. with willing participants. 6-A.33 Make issuance of a surface mining per- 6-A.26 Ensure that new development adjacent mit conditional upon approval of a rec- to an agricultural use is compatible with lamation plan and financial assurances the continuation of the use by requiring for reclamation in accord with Public appropriate design criteria, such as site Resource Code Section 2770. layout, landscaping, and buffer areas.

6-A.27 Promote “agri-tourism”, farm-to-table promotions, roadside stands, and farm- ers markets to enhance the economic viability of farming in Redlands.

6-16 Vital Environment Upper Santa Ana River Watershed Integrated Stormwater 6.4 Regional Water Management (IRWM) Plan The City of Redlands’ stormwater drainage system Water Quality The most current IRWM was developed in 2015, and serves an area of approximately 37 square miles. serves as an update to the previous IRWM developed Stormwater runoff flows by gravity into the Mission Regulatory Context in 2007. The City was involved in developing and Channel, Morrey Arroyo Creek, and San Timoteo updating the IRWM. Goals of the IRWM include Canyon, and discharges to the Santa Ana River. Clean Water Act improving water supply reliability, balancing flood Drainage throughout the city is generally from east management and increasing stormwater recharge, The 1972 Clean Water Act (CWA) is the primary to west to one of two main existing major stormwater improving water quality, and improving habitat and federal law regulating water quality in the United drainage facilities. open space. States. Its objective is to reduce or eliminate water Of concern to Redlanders is the quality of water that pollution in the nation’s rivers, streams, lakes, and San Bernardino Valley Regional Urban Water flows through the city. As rain falls onto the city coastal waters. At the federal level, the CWA is Management Plan (RUWMP) streets and runs off, it carries with it pollutants such as administered by the EPA. In California, the CWA pet waste, gasoline, oil, and heavy metals. Pesticides, is administered and enforced by the State Water The 2015 RUWMP is a document that provides herbicides, and fertilizers are washed from lawns and Resources Council board (SWRCB) and nine regional a summary of anticipated supplies and demands other green spaces. Sediments are eroded by wind and water quality control boards. through 2040. The City of Redlands is one of 10 water providers included in the RUWMP. water from construction sites and vegetated landscape areas. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Program City of Redlands Water Efficient Landscape Requirements The City’s stormwater management program The federal Water Pollution Control Act established is regulated by the NPDES stormwater permit, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Chapter 15.54 of the Redlands Municipal Code commonly known as MS4 permit, issued by the (NPDES) permit program to control discharges of establishes the City’s Water Efficient Landscape Regional Water Quality Control Board, Santa pollutants from point sources (Section 402). The Requirements to promote the benefits provided Ana Region. City ordinances require use of Best NPDES permit program is the primary federal by landscapes while recognizing the need to use Management Practices (BMPs) for the control of program that regulates point source and nonpoint- water as efficiently as possible. The chapter requires pollutants that could potentially enter the storm drain source discharges to waters of the United States. The applicable landscaping projects to submit a landscape system. City’s NPDES program has been in effect since 2004 documentation package that contains project and consists of business and construction inspections, information, hydrozone information table, water program compliance reporting, record keeping, budget calculations, soil management report, and educational outreach, studies and reports, and storm landscape, irrigation, and grading design plans. water monitoring activities. The chapter establishes requirements for irrigation scheduling, maintenance, and audits to ensure Water Conservation Act of 2009 efficient use of water. The requirements also include provisions for non-potable water irrigation systems, California legislation enacted in 2009 as SB 7 of the and encourage stormwater best management practices 7th Special Legislative Session (SB X7-7) instituted a to increase on-site retention and infiltration. new set of urban water conservation requirements known as “20 Percent By 2020.” These requirements stipulate that urban water agencies reduce per-capita water use within their service areas by 20 percent relative to their use over the previous 10 to 15 years.

Bottom: Water is purified at a water treatment plant. Top: Filtration ponds are an example of Redlands’ Best Management Practices for stormwater control.

6-17 Policies

Principles 6 - P. 21 Work with regional organizations to surfaces, vegetation areas, swales, 6-A.40 Maximize the amount of pervious sur- BMPs, and other methods to recharge faces in public spaces to permit the 6 - P.19 manage groundwater resources of the Promote the protection of waterways the groundwater basin. percolation of urban runoff. in Redlands from pollution and degra- Bunker Hill Basin. dation as a result of urban activities. 6-A.35 Promote the use of Low Impact Devel- 6-A.41 Provide a comprehensive public out- Actions opment strategies, BMPs, pervious pav- reach program to educate residents and 6-P.20 Pursue creative, innovative, and envi- 6-A.34 Update City development standards ing materials, and on-site infiltration for local businesses about the importance ronmentally sound methods to capture to improve the capture of runoff and treating and reducing stormwater runoff of stormwater pollution prevention. and use stormwater and urban runoff stormwater management through inno- before it reaches the municipal storm- 6-A.42 Ensure that public areas, including for beneficial purposes. vative green and blue infrastructure water system. streets and recreational areas, are rou- solutions such as the use of permeable 6-A.36 Require measures during construc- tinely cleaned of litter, debris, and con- tion and post construction to limit land taminant residue. Coordinate with and disturbance activities such as clear- support efforts by other organizations ing and grading and cut-and-fill; avoid or volunteer groups to promote clean- steep slopes, unstable areas, and ero- ups of parks and public open spaces. sive soils; and minimize disturbance of Require the City, property owners, or natural vegetation and other physical or homeowners’ associations, as appli- biological features important to prevent- cable, to sweep permitted parking lots ing erosion or sedimentation. and public and private streets frequently to remove debris and contaminated 6-A.37 Protect and, where feasible, enhance or residue. restore the city’s waterways, including zanjas and ditches, preventing erosion 6-A.43 Ensure that post-development peak along the banks, removing litter and stormwater runoff discharge rates do debris, and promoting riparian vegeta- not exceed the estimated pre-devel- tion and buffers. opment rate. Dry weather runoff from new development must not exceed the 6-A.38 Encourage development that reflects pre-development baseline flow rate to an integrated approach to building receiving waterbodies. design, civil engineering, and landscape architecture that maximizes rainwater 6-A.44 Continue partnerships with other local harvesting and stormwater retention for agencies to implement the Area-Wide landscape irrigation. Urban Storm Water Runoff Management Program and the Integrated Regional 6-A.39 Require that new development provides Watershed Management Plan. landscaping and re-vegetation of graded or disturbed areas with drought-tolerant native or non-invasive plants.

Pesticides and other chemicals are present in agricultural irrigation runoff.

6-18 Vital Environment