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Food and Wine Food and Wine AIS-Associazione ltaliana Sommelier Food and Wine 2007 Edition Associazione ltaliana Sommeliers Legally recognized by DPR N. 539, 6 April 1973 Editorial co-ordinator Rossella Romani Authors Fabrizio Maria Marzi, Rosse lla Romani Trans lotion Alessia Botturi, Diego Meraviglia Acknowledgements Lu isa Usuelli Photographs Marco Verzella, Francesca Brambilla, Visualpro Berlucchi, Consorzio Aceto Balsamico Tradizionale di Regg io Emilia, Consorzio di Tutela Asiago, Consorzio di Tutela Bresaola Valtellina, Consorzio di Tutela Gorgonzola, Consorzio di Tutela Jambon de Bosses, Consorzio di Tutela Montasio, Consorzio di Tutela Norcia, Consorzio di Tutela Prosciutto San Daniele, Consorzio di Tutela Provolone Valpadana, Consorzio di Tutela Terra di Bari Archivio Fuoricasa p. 12, 59, 69, 72, 111, 159, 172, 174, 176, 181, 233, 239, 258, 267, 268.298 Bormioli Roccop. 7, 35, 49, 77,81,234,237, 252,293,297,310,312,313,319,324,328 Ristorante La Noce, Rossella Romani Cover photo Marco Verzella Graphics and layout Graphicamente - Milano In Folio - Milano Printer Bertani Et C. industria grafica - Cavriago (RE) - Italy e> Copyright 2007 Associazione ltaliana Sommeliers Editore Viale Monza, 9 - Milano Tel +39 02 2846237- Fax +39 02 26112328 www.sommeliersonline.it All rights are reserved. Copying, electronic storage, partial or total adaptation by any means, including insertion on internet sites, of all or any text. graphics and photographs in this work, ore prohibited, except as permitted in writing by the Editor. Contents lntroduction 5 The evolution of taste 6 In ~ngland. 1n ~ranee... ancl1n Italy. Tradition, penod1c1ty and psychology. lmpossilllt• pninngs.. or almost. Concordance and opposition. Dining around the world. 1ht• taste of food. Tilt' composition and taste of food. Sugars. Proteins. Fats. Wnter, ll11nt'rab and vitamins. The cxtrCJ touch. Cooking and taste. Preservation and flavour. 2 The tasting of food and wine 32 Tile tastmg of food. The visual exammat1on. The appl'arnncc and prt•ser1tat10n. The olfac­ tory examination. Frankness and harmony. The intt:nsity and <1uality. Tlw tastt·-olfactory examination. The sapidity. The bitter tendency. The andic tt'ndency The sweetness. The swt·t•t tt•ndt•ncy. The greasiness. The oiliness. The succulrnce. Thr ~picint'<;S. That tantalizing hotness. The aromaticness. The taste-olfactory persistencl'. The structure. The taste-olfac­ tory balance. The harmony. The tasting of wine. Thl· efft·rvcscl'ncc. 3 TI1e pairing technique 80 Oppos1t1on and concordance Pairing by opposit1on. Pa1rrng by concordance. The pairrng form. Fillrng out the form. The graph. Food and wine pairing. The study of the graph. A practical cast'. 4 Egg~ and sauces 106 ~ggs. Did the egg come before the chicken'? The cookin9 of l'ggs. lggs and wine. Appet11ers, the most inv1trng opening. Sauces. The roux and eookin9 b:1scs. In all sauces.. Marinates, dressings and aromatizated butter. Sauccs <Jnd wirw. 5 That extra taste ... 126 Olive trl'l o.nd ol·vcs. Extra virgin ohve oil. The product1on of l'Xtra vrrgu1 ohve oil. Olive oil classification. The tastmg. Extra vrrgin olive oil 1n tl1t' kitl·hcn a!ld 1n the dish. Seed oils. Butter. The production of butter. Margannc. Vinegar. But. thn<' IS vinegar and vinegar. Aromatic herbs and wine. Spices and wine. 6 Pasta, rice and surroundings 164 Gr,ur B ·c.:ad. AI ·he.: f .Jvours of bread. PLJstJ. Pizza, cal zone and focaccw. R1ce. The cooking of nee Pa~ta, ricc and wine. Corn. Barley, oat and other n·rt·als. lntroduction If the discovery of the wine world is a fascinating adventure, its pairing with food gives us even more interesting cues, at times provoking and intriguing, inspired by rooted local tra­ ditions or projected into the experimentations of new sensorial combinations. Without lea­ ving aside a serious and technical study of the taste-olfactory sensations perceived by tasting foods and wines. In the restaurant, the sommelier advises the cl ient, directing him amongst the pages of wine lists and suggesting the best pairing for each dish. Ever more often we desire to try and personally select the wine to be paired with what, at that moment. inspires our taste and gluttony. The path towards the perfect matrimony between food and wine beg ins with the analysis of all the sensorial characteristics perceived in the food, followed by the thorough deepe­ ning of the pairing technique according to the principles of concord ance and opposition, arriving at the filling out of a graphical form that translates all that the food and wine have expressed on a sensoria l level. In the end, we conclude with a judg ment on the harmony of the suggested pairing. So far we have roamed into the theoretical part. but only the carefully considered tasting of many foods and many wines can allow us to acquire experience and to improve our capabilities of pairing them in the best possible manner. All the aliments have indeed been analyzed thoroughly depending on their taste-olfactory character and the many prepara ­ tions in which they come into play. For many of these, we have suggested certain wines to be paired, not to be considered as the so le possibilities, but rather as mere examples that translate the characteristics of the most suitable types. As a confirmation of this, for cer­ tain dishes we can find a list of various wines, always capable of sa tisfying their sensorial requirements. Every subject has been treated with the objective of arousing curiosity and stimulating the in depth analysis but since it is impossible to describe the sensations that we perceive by tasting food and wine, we are left with nothing but the suggestion to try them in infinite combinations, in ord er to reach the one that best exalts them. The experience, ca n only treat us with great satisfactions. .~ 7 The products of the earth 186 ~ Vege.ablcs. The scents and flavours of the vegetable garden. Legumes. Soy The products of the vegl'table garden and wine. Mushrooms. Truffles. The products of the woods and wme. Tht• products of the earth and the cookmg. 8 White, red and dark: the meats 218 The quality and safety of meat Butchery an1mals. Farmyard animals. Fole gras e pate. Game ml'at. Ment and cookmg. Meat and wine. Appetizing and irresistibit': cured meats. In one wholl' piecl' ... Grmded cured meats and ... sausage made. Thin or th1ck grind' Cured meats and wine. 9 ln sal ty, sweet and marine water 256 F1sh. Crustacl'ans. Mollusks. Fish, crustaceans, mollusks and cooking, Fish, crustaceans, mol­ lusks and wine. Frogs and snails. 10 Cheeses 272 M1lk Cheest: The production of cheese. The seasoning. Cheese, key player nt the table and in the k1tchen The cut of cheeses. Cheese and wine. 11 A sweet ending 296 Sug 1r or honey? The base dough. Biscuits and tea pastry. Cn:nms and spoon desserts. Fried dtsserts. Fruit. Dessert and wine The food of the gods. Cocoa. Which cocoa? The produc- tion. Chocolate. Chocolate desserts. Chocolate desserts, chocolate and wine. z < c The evolution of taste Unforgettable moments and important decisions usually blend them­ selves in memories, with those of a great dinner. Simple and refined dishes find in wine the friend capable of fully exalting their dowry. Taken for granted one chooses the most suitable wine, at times capa­ ble of uncovering a hidden quality of the food, at times softening its most vivid tones. The pairing of food and wine, which has been debated for years only by notable wine and food specialists, today is of great actuality and is spoken about everywhere, from trendy 0 lounges to television shows and on the pages of newspapers and magazines. Magic pair­ = 0 ing alchemy between the flavours of food and those of wine, pairing cannot be treated neither with superficiality nor reduced to a mere list of dishes and wines proposed only 0 from experience or improvisation, with the desire to provoke and surprise. On the contrary, ...> it has to be the result of numerously repeated and cross-checked tastings, up to the appli­ cation of a precise technique to evaluate its harmony. In the preparation of food and in the research of the best wine to suggest in pairing, creativity and science mould. Wine and gastronomy fascinate and excite everybody. Few phrases, but mea ningful, that confirm how one has simply tried to find certain fac­ tors in common in the various dishes, limiting oneself to propose only a certain typology of wine in pai ring, excluding others. So was born a decalogue of food and wine pairing, but as highlighted by Dumay, with important exceptions to the rule. No great fortified white wine should be served with red meats or game. is the first ru Ie . one of the most followed. This however, did not impede that during the dinner of September 24th 1966, at the confraternity Sa int-Etienne of Colmar, an Alsace Tokay was served with a kid goat, or in 1926 in a banquet at Chateau D'Yquem, an opulent dish of lobsters with a Chateau D'Yquem 1914, roasted duck wings in an orange sauce with a 1921, a cold beef filet in a glazed truffle sauce and a foie gras pate and red wine with a Chateau D'Yquem 1869, were proposed. Noblesse oblige! Even the second rule. for which no great red wine should be served with fish, crustaceans or mussels. does not subtract itself to the most sensational of exceptions, since it is affirmed that one can enj oy a roasted sea bass with a Volnay Pinot noir. Th e problem doesn't exist. on the contrary, if the fish is served with a red wine sauce. The third rule recites that white wines have to be served before red wines.
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