Second Big Business Group Urges Missiles Race Rockefeller Panel Pushes Staggering THE MILITANT U S Arms Budget PUBLISHED WEEKLY IN THE INTERESTS OF THE WORKING PEOPLE Vol. X X II - No. 2 NEW YORK, N. Y„ MONDAY, JANUARY 13, 1958 P R IC E 10c By Harry Ring A new propaganda thrust for further acceleration of the nuclear arms buildup came Jan. 5 with release of a report by the Rockefeller Fund calling for an additional $9 billion in military e x -S ------*------penditures over the next three years and continuing increases Fears Talks until 1965. Release of the report Working People Across U.S. came on the eve of the new session of Congress which has before it Eisenhower’s proposal for a staggering $40-billions arms .budget. Like the ‘‘top secret” Gaither report, parts of w’hich were care­ fu lly leaked to the press, the Hit by Growing Unemployment Rockefeller report conjures up a picture of doom awaiting the American people i f they resist speeding the suicidal arms race. The report declares: " I t appears After N.Y, Subway Settlement that the United, States is rapidly Army Alters Predict Worst Since '41; losing its lead over the USSR in the m ilitary race. . . . Unless present trends are reversed, the world balance of power w ill shift Rising Prices Also Cut in favor of the Soviet bloc. I f Witch-Hunt that should happen we are not likely to be given another chance to remedy our failings." The Discharges Into Workers Earnings report studiously avoids the fact that the Soviet leap in military By Henry Gitano By Fred Halstead power has been accompanied not by “ aggressions” but by renewed I The U.S. Army continues to Serious unemployment has now hit almost every stigmatize draftees for alleged pressure for negotiations to major population center and basic industry in the United pre-induction ideas or associa­ liquidate the cold war. States. Florida’s winter resort areas and the chfemical tions, while pointing to its “vol­ But Washington is determined untary reform” which has up­ industry, which expects a boom & not to permit such liquidation of JOHN FOSTER DULLES, based on missile fuels, are the U.S. Secretary of - State, who graded 280 out of 650 dis­ the cold war and this is reflected charges reviewed. These all in­ exce.Vjions. Industries hardest in the Rockefeller report. While who fears that new talks with hit by the cutbacks include A ir­ Not a Solution, But the USSR would' slow arms volve “ security cases” between it protests that “the world craft, steel, auto, machinery buildup here and in West 1948 and 1955. knows we would never fig h t a manufacturing, railroads a n d It Will Look Good Europe. This month, the Supreme preventive war,” it declares in Court will hear cases involv­ lumber, in addition to such I Steel production operations, the next breath that ‘‘to deter ing two form er soldiers, cas­ chronically depressed industries traditionally rated in terms to appear, insofar as possible, aggression we must be prepared ualties of the army’s battle to as mining and textiles. of percentage of capacity, as not aggression at all.” to fight a nuclear war either Secure absolute, unquestioning “ There have been several fore­ slipped from 80% in Novem­ Continuing in this vein, it all-out or limited." conformity. They are Howard casts Itihat the ranks of the job­ ber to 53% at Christmas. It asserts: “ It should be our aim D. Abramowitz of Brooklyn and less w ill swell to as much as is about 60% at present with USES BIG LIE to keep jsuch situations from John Henry Harmon 3d of the 5,000,000 by February,” says the no improvement in sight. The One of the most sinister developing. When they do be­ New York subway official Joseph O’Grady (le ft), Mayor Wagner, and Transport Workers Bronx. Anthony Lewis in the Jan. 6 New York Times: That preferred rate is 100%. Below aspects of this jingoist propa­ come acute we may have a choice Union president Michael Quill, shake hands on a 32)4 cent two-year package increase which Dec. 23 New York Times re­ w ill put the number of unem­ 85% is considered wasteful only between evils. Our security the) hope will pacify militant subway workers.-A motormen’s strike last month took place over ganda tract is its declaration of ports that Abramowitz served ployed registered with govern­ and indicates stagnation. The . . . will then hinge importantly the need fo r U.S. armed inter­ in the army from 1961 to 1953 Quill's opposition, exposed labor spying by O’Grady, and drew strike-breaking threats from ment offices at the highest Jan. 6 Wall Street Journal vention in the internal affairs of on our willingness to support Wagner. when he was honorably released figure since August 1941 before reports that some steel pro­ friendly governments in situs- other nations. To justify such and placed in the reserves as the U. S. entered World War II. ducers are now clamoring ' to a reactionary, dynamite-laden tions which fit neither the sol­ required by the selective serv­ Of the major geographical divide capacity into “ active” dier’s classic concept of war nor course, it employs the big lie ice law. Two years later, in regions, the West Coast has seen a n d “ standby” categories. the dipVtnat’s traditional con­ now being used by imperialism 1955, he was charged with hav­ the worst recent rise in unem­ That way, it appears, cheer­ cept of aggressions.” Ford Local 600 Flays ployment. U ntil last June, when against the colonial revolution, ing been a “ Communist” in ful reports that operations namely that every struggle 1948 and 1949, and was given cutbacks on m ilitary aircraft TOI* EXECUTIVES were “ 100% of active capaci­ against imperialism is Moscow- an “ undesirable discharge.” production began, this area had ty ” would be assured. inspired and led. Permeated w ith the reactiona­ Harmon, whose service-record enjoyed the nation’s strongest ry global-rule perspective of Big Cleveland T-H Trial Because it becomes ever more ratings were all “excellent,” boom. October figures for d iffic u lt to portray huge social Business and the Big Brass, the was given an “ undesirable dis­ JAN. 8 — The (rial of eight fined solely to the Cleveland especially on guard -against registered unemployed in the employment has dropped sharply movements as mere Kremlin report was in Hact shaped charge” in 1954. He swore that defendants on charges of con­ area, but has recently been ex­ legal snares set by foes of labor. whole region were 5.1% of the and cash farm receipts declined pawns, the Rockefeller report is directly by top figures from he had never belonged to any spiracy to violate the Taft- tended to the Detroit area and In the interest of defending free labor force compared with 3.4% 10% from the 1956 level. In a driven to to. tured reasoning on both these circles. Members of organization except the NAACR Harttley slave labor law opened the UAW in particular.” trade unionism in America, we in 1956. Since October further (trend which is expected to con- the point. It says: “ Our security the Special Studies Project of and the Abyssinian Baptist in Cleveland on Jan. 6. Even H illiard Ellis, president of j say the conspiracy charges in layoffs have occurred which have tinue, over a million persons can be imperiled not only by the Rockefeller Brothers Fund Church. Harmon answered ev­ before the impanelling of the UAW Local 453 in Chicago, I the current Cleveland case must not yet been qfted in govern- le ft U.S. farms during 1957,, a overt aggressions but also by who approved the report include ery question about himself but jury the prosecution moved to protested the Cleveland prosecu­ be condemned in principle. Active ment reports. Boeing A ircra ft in heavy percentage of these in the transformations which are made (Continued on page 2) refused to answer queries about drop the charges against one of tion in a letter to the U.S. At­ support must be provided by Seattle, for example, is expected South, where the growth of in­ others. The army subsequently the defendants, Edward J. torney General in which he said: labor for the defense of the to drop its work force below dustry was Counted on to absorb raised his discharge to “ gen- Chaka. U.S. Attorney Sumner “I strongly urge you to cease trade union movement against 50.000 this month compared with them. However, according to (the oeral,” which makes him less Canary told the judge: “The gov­ and desist in your attack against this new attack.” 67.000 in mid-1957. The Seattle Bureau of Labor statistics, non­ of a pariah, though s till ernment does not have enough the trade union movement, and The Cleveland case is a fan­ area now- has ciose to 10% unem- agricultural employment fell in branded. evidence to proceed against squash the indictment.” tastic' frame-up that, unless ployment. Unemployment in- October in the eight South- Publish the Secret eastern states. Unemployment HUNDREDS BRANDED Chaka.” defeated, w ill sdi> dangerous surance claims in San Francisco The remaining defendants HITS ’CONSPIRACY’ COUNT precedents. It is the firs t tria l and the Los Angeles area are insurance claims (which do not There are hundreds of Har­ welcomed this development as Sam Pollock, president of the now at or above the 1919 level. reflect workers off the farms) mons and Abrainowitzes branded fo r conspiracy to violate the T-H an indication that the patchwork AFL-CIO Amalgamated Meat- law rather than for alleged The region least affected so ‘‘increased sharply in November” with “ disloyalty” discharges and frame-up was falling apart even cutters in Cleveland, has sent a far by factory layoffs is the in the same area- Only Florida, Gaither Report! all the consequences this en­ violation of the T-H law. The before the trial began. letter to unions staging: “ Any government alleges that Fred South, which expanded manu where thousands of seasonal tails. The Workers Defense A further heartening develop­ development relating to the facturing during 1957 at the ex­ resort workers were hired, is An Editorial League in a brief submitted on and Marie Haug filed false anti- ment is the increased support Taft-Hartley Law is of concern Communist affidavits. The latter pense of other areas from which not expected to show a sub­ behalf of Harmon, recounts from the labor movement. Ford to organized labor — and this industry has been relocating. stantial year-end increase in What kind of schemes are being cooked up behind what these victims, identified have repeatedly denied this. Local 600 went on record in sup­ case with its extraordinary ‘con­ But textiles, principal Southern registered unemployed. the backs of the American people by the Big Business by army serial numbers, have Other defendants have been roped port of the defendants in a spiracy’ aspect, merits wide at­ into the trial on charges of meet­ industry, has maintained below New England, chief loser to gang that shapes the country’s policies? had to face because of a witch­ resolution declaring: “This tention. The trade union move­ ing with the Haugs. One union­ average employment since A pril the South, showed a decline of hunt discharge. With human survival at stake it becomes imperative attempt to smear and slander ment has good historic reasons ist, Eric Kcinthaler, is alleged to 1956 and dropped in October (the 60,500 manufacturing jobs in US51-324-358: “ Decided to re­ trade unions and their officials to distrust ‘conspiracy’ charges. have “ conspired” solely by giv­ last reported month) to the 1957, most of them in textiles. that the Wall Street-Washington moves come under the turn to school and matriculate searchlight of public examination. A good beginning in by establishing guilt, not by fact Today, faced by a hostile climate ing another defendant a ride in lowest point since 1949. Significantly, fits machine-tool (Continued on page 3) but bv association, is not con­ of opinion, unionists should be In addition, Southern farm this direction is to demand immediate publication of the his car. (Continued on page 2) Gaither report submitted to Eisenhower last November, Just what does this report on “defense policy” propose? It’s supposed to be “ top secret,” but the Ad­ A fro-Asian Parley Pledges Solidarity Against Imperialism ministration has “ leaked” those aspects to the press it wants to make known while trying to keep other key By George Lavan the Bandung delegates who of­ sought to portray the Cairo financial and technical aid toi By offering aid without last two and a half years, sections of it suppressed. Directly on the heels of the ficially represented their gov­ conference as a gathering of the undeveloped nations of the | strings the USSR checkmates the USSR concluded agreements setback suffered by U.S. im-J ernments and spoke in more dip­ Communist Party and fellow- world without any military or] one of U.S. imperialism’s prin­ with ten Afro-Asian countries According to the testimony of columnist Drew Pear­ lomatic language. Although Chi­ perialism at the NATO Confer­ traveling organizations. But that diplomatic strings attached. He] cipal weapons fo r lining up the fo r the very considerable sum son, the report recommends “ preventive” war against ence has come the blow of the na and North Viet Nam were was not the case. The dominant said: “ We are prepared to help African and Asian countries in of $1% billion. (In these coun­ the Soviet Union. This has been vehemently denied by Afro-Asian Peoples’ Solidarity represented at Bandung, the So­ force there was a coalition of you as brother helps brother, a world-wide military alliance tries, including India, Indonesia Administration spokesmen. Conference. Participating in the viet Union (most of whose ter­ the Soviet bloc, Asian neuralists without motives. Tell us what against the Soviet bloc. and Egypt, total U.S. aid dur­ week-long (Dec. 26-Jan. 1) ses­ rito ry lies in Asia) was not and Arab nationalists. you need and we w ill help Discussing the Soviet offer of ing the same period has Yet on Dec. 20 Arthur Krock of the New York Times invited. A t Cairo the Soviet you and send, according to our stringless aid, Thomas J. Hamil­ amounted to $900 million.) Once sions in Cairo, the capital of HIT EISENHOWER wrote that the full contents of the report are being kept Egypt, were over 500 delegates bloc was represented by the economic possibilities, money ton in the N.Y. Times (Dec. agreed to, Soviet programs are from the people precisely because it doesi favor the from organizations in 45 coun­ USSR, China, North Viet Nam, Because its resolutions (a) needed in the form of loan3 or 29) wrote: “ As far as strings begun “ with considerable dis- N orth Korea and the Soviet explicitly included the U.S monstrous course of “ preventive” war. Who is lying and tries and colonies in A frica and aid . . . Ito ] build for you in­ are concerned, there is no doubt patche,” the interest rates Peoples Republic of Outer Mon­ among the imperialist powers, stitutions for industry, educa­ Asia. that political considerations are very low compared to U.'S. who is telling the truth? (b) condemned the Eisenhower This was the most important golia. tion and hospitals. . . . We do have played a part in the Un­ loans, running from 2% to Furthermore, the Washington Post, to whom 'the Whereas Bandung had limited Doctrine and U.S. - sponsored forum fo r the views of the two- not ask you to join any blocs ited States' decisions to grant 2%%. Repayment is in easy in ­ itself to mere verbal denuncia­ m ilitary alliances such as the Gaither report was originally “leaked,” said that the thirds of the world’s population . . . our only condition is that or withhold assistance. . . . De­ stallments over 12 to 30-year tions of colonialism and ex­ Baghdad Pact, (c) urged a halt report favors a heavy increase in arms spending for two living on those two continents there will be no strings at­ spite the huge sums provided. periods, with often a period of pression of hope for its peace­ to nuclear bomb testing and the U.S. economic assistance has since the Bandung Conference tached.” grace before payments com­ reasons other than military. First, the authors of the ful transformation into inde­ arms race, the conference was of 1955. Where Bandung ir­ gone mostly to pay for troops mence. Payment is in the cur­ report see such expenditures as helping to safeguard pendence, the Cairo meeting a direct blow to U.S. foreign AID WITHOUT STRINGS ritated world imperialism and in Nationalist China [ Formosa!, rency or commodities of the went unequivocally on record in policy and prestige. By the Since Soviet foreign policy business profits during a period of slump. its press, the Caix-o conference South Korea and South Viet­ borrowing countries at world- support of actual independence same token it was a diplomatic has always been, U.S. propa­ Second, by forcing the Soviet Union to keep abreast made it absolutely livid with nam, leaving relatively little for market prices — and sometimes struggles such as that of the and moral victory for the So­ ganda to the contrary notwith­ capital improvement in other rage. This was because the in products of the industry be­ in an accelerated arms race, a further strain is placed op Algerian people against French viet bloc countries. There is no standing, defensive— it can make I Afro-Asian Peoples’ Solidarity countries.” ing established by the aid prpr the economy of that country. The American people will imperialism, of the people of doubt but that the conference the offer of economic assist-1 Conference went much further gram. The report grudgingly Cyprus against British impe­ w ill have great effect in mo­ ante without strings. The unde­ STATE DEPT ADMISSION be made to pay through the nose for such a reactionary in its condemnation of impe­ admits: “ Those technicians sent rialism, and the Indonesian bilizing public opinion through­ veloped nations heretofore have] On Jan. 3 the State Depart­ game. They must demand the facts and the right to rialism in general and of U.S. abroad to date appear to have campaign of nationalization of out Asia and A fric a — placing been at the mercy of the cap­ ment reluctantly made public a foreign policy in particular. been regarded as competent and decide all questions of war and peace. Dutch investments and demand the responsibility for imperial­ ita list world, prim arily the U.S., report it had been concealing. their behavior so fa r has given The slashing commentary on the Gaither report in SOVIET BLOC AT CAIRO fo r West Irian. Moreover, at ist oppression and the danger fo r economic aid. The U.S. used I t gives the lie to previous U.S. rise to few complaints.” the -Jan. 6 issue of I.F. Stone’s Weekly certainly hit the Several factors account fo r its close the conference set up of war more squarely on the whatever economic aid it ex­ propaganda about Soviet eco­ The Soviet Union has a great nail on the head in this regard when it declared: “ Policy the difference. A t Cairo the a permanent secretariat whose shoulders of Washington a n il tended to bribe’ or pressure coun­ nomic assistance, which it has advantage. Imperialism does, not ought to be formed in the open, on the basis of public delegates were from organiza­ duty is expected to be, among Wall Street. tries to grant air bases to the always represented as piddling, really want the industrializa­ tions in the represented coun­ other things, the moral and ma­ Perhaps the greatest impres­ U.S., to join tile m ilitary pacts ineffective and solely a device tion of economically backward hearings, in which all points of view are explored, not tries, and were therefore closer terial aid of precisely such sion made at the conference against the LrSSR and to build to infiltrate Soviet agents for | countries for that undercuts its determined by a small elite in secret sessions on the basis fo r the most part to the real i struggles. came from the offer of the So­ up their armies rather than propaganda and subversion. economic exploitation of these of secret evidence.” sentiments of their peoples than I The capitalist press has viet Union’s spokesman to give their economies. The study showed that in the (Continued on page 3) Page 2 THE MILITANT Monday, January 13, 19!>$

Fischer’s “ Russia State of Social Sciences in the USSR By Arne Swabeck ism which has as its , aim the^i- elimination of all privileges. (Conclusion) Objective inquiry is stifled in Revisited” Two years ago ex - Senator all fields pertaining to existing Benton returned from a visit social relations. Scientific ob­ Soviet Scientists Better to the USSR and cried out in jectivity, the very essence of RUSSIA REVISITED by Louis Fischer. New York: Double* alarm: “ The Soviet Union is Marxist theory, would impinge day. 288 pp. $4.00. challenging us fundamentally on its special prerogatives. Per­ Posted Than American at what have traditionally been version takes its place, as can The U.S. foreign correspondent Louis Fischer return­ our two strongest points, tech­ be illustrated by a few concrete The extent to which Soyiet scientific advances have been nology and mass education." examples. speeded by planned data-assembling is indicated in a study by ed to the Soviet Union in 1956 after an 18-year absence. the Stanford Research Institute in California. According to the There is no doubt about this UNSETTLED ISSUE He spent the entire 20 days allowed him iu Moscow see­ now. Since the trium ph in bal­ Jan. 5 N. Y. Times, the Stanford report finds it ‘‘painfully ing old Russian friends and {'heir £------listic missiles and Sputniks, A t the 20th Congress of the apparent” that the West has nothing to match the Soviet children. What he found out is this fact has become su ffi­ Communist Party, Khrushchev setup. There scientific information from all over the world is flammed up in the paradoxical ciently clear fo r the whole world berated those who still had gathered by a central' agency, the Soviet A ll Union Institute of proposition: “ There have been Announce End to be aware of. But the unpre­ doubts about an issue he in­ Scientific and Technical Information, and distributed bo the no basic changes in the Soviet cedented progress in the natural sisted “ the party had settled be­ Soviet scientists. I t collects and processes information from 10,000 Union, but essentially condi­ Of Daily Worker sciences, in engineering and fore.” Apparently it would not scientific and technical journals published in 80 countries. The tions are different.” The Daily Worker will technique stands out in sharp stay settled. “The soc’alist sys­ Sbanfovd report s: ys, “Through the operation of this institute, Soviet scientists and engineers in even the remotest laboratories ILiving conditions have im­ cease publication with the contrast to the intellectual pov­ tem had triumphed,” said issue of Monday, Jan. 13, ac­ erty of its social sciences. From Khrushchev, the "socialist so­ can have available to them abstracts, summaries and trans­ proved over 1938 but are still lations of Western technical articles of direct interest in their bad fo r the masses. “ The So­ cording to a Jan. 9 editorial the latter no sim ilar achieve­ ciety had been built in the main announcement in the paper. ments have been recorded. in our country,” as long ago as field w ithin a few months after the original material was pub­ viet Union is the land of un­ lished.” In the U.S., the report found much time is wasted “ m ending queuing-for food, cloth­ The decision does not affect the adoption of the new Con­ the weekly Worker, which the WHEN SCIENCE stitution of the USSR in 1936. repeating work already done and reported bub inaccessible in ing, transportation, etc.” While FLOURISHES the present chaotic mass of technical literature.” shpwplaces, big stadiums, Pal­ announcement says, w ill con­ Turning to questions of ace of Soviets, university build­ tinue in expanded form. In Science and culture flourish ideological work, Khrushchev and make conspicuous advances ings rise, the average citizen explaining the decision, the pointed with pride to the pub­ especially during periods when lives in intolerably overcrowded paper said: “ Recently we lication of a Marxist textbook doubt about this, just listen to reaucratic straitjacket. How pre-1917 dwellings. I f a half have been informed by the men and women are engaged of political economy. He hailed could they portray the “ new in rational endeavor to change its authentic voice: trillio n privileged persons have Communist Party that it is the event: “ An important land­ "Payment according to the Soviet man” without a dear new apartments with modern not in a position at this time < their material and social en­ mark in the ideological life of and sharp distinction between vironment. Problems posed for the party.” It would be that, if work performed* Khrushchev conveniences, “ the remainder of to help raise the large proclaimed at the 20th Con­ the privilege-grasping bureau­ amounts needed immediately solution from the economic and the textbook promoted a deep­ Moscow’s seven million inhabi­ gress to be a “ socialist princi­ crat and the paltry rewards of tants are miserably or inade­ to meet our deficit. . . . It is social spheres, during these pe­ er understanding of nationalized the worker? How could they riods, stimulate new 'thoughts, economy in the transition to a ple.” How could it be? Is not quately housed” pointed ouft that lower party this the form of payment in the apply the demanded “ socialist membership, diminished re -; new ideas and new activity. Sci­ socialist society. But its basic realism” except in terms of the NO POLITICAL ARRESTS ence becomes important, and it analysis tends in the opposite capitalist world—a fair day’s sources and unresolved poll- • pay for a fa ir’s day work? actually deep-seated antago­ The sweeping terror of Sta­ tical differences combine to is given a definite purpose. direction. nisms between the bureaucracy Since the 1917 revolution men And to declare this to be a so­ lin ’s era has been relaxed and bring about an unsatisfactory This "Marxist” textbook at­ cialist principle, Trotsky said and the people? And this is reduced, although the repres­ and women in the USSR have situation.” The date the tempts to justify Khrushchev’s lbng ago, “ means cynically to precisely what is taboo. sive machinery remains intact been engaged in such endeavor. A vertical two-spindle copy-milling machine able to \york paper will 'suspend publica­ claim. Tt starts from the as­ trample the idea of a new and In Soviet historical research, atfd operative. “ The best news They created the first workers’ tion is exactly the date of its simultaneously on two pieces placed next to each other. The sumption that the USSR repre­ higher cultnre in the familiar perversion and falsification I heard in the Soviet Union is state ever to arise. Its contin take on more sinister dimen­ founding 34 years ago. machine has 'two tables that can be moved hydraulically in sents fu lly achieved socialism. filth of capitalism.” that there are no political ar­ ued existence in the face of two directions. Exhibited at the Soviet povilion at Leipzig Shortcomings are admitted, but Unquestionably the bureau­ sions. Despite the often re­ rests. I arked all my Soviet heavy odds, and its mighty peated w ritin g and rewriting, fa ir last March. as quoted by a British Marx­ cracy has compelling reasons friends and acquaintances, as strides in overcoming the back­ Fischer did not talk much ist critic, these are blamed on for its perversions. It is quite there is as yet no objective,’ well as numerous foreign dip- ward Tzarist heritage, consti let alone truthfu l, history of with workers or peasants bait "survivals of capitalism in the well aware that not capitalist Ipqiats, whether they knew of tutes a gigantic historical ex­ new and valuable contributions cial progress, are deliberately had to confine his observations consciousness o f m a n [which] survivals, but socialist ideals, the October Revolution, and, *my persons arrested by the periment. The problems of tran­ to political economy, philoso­ stunted in their growth. mostly to intellectual circles. have not yet been fu lly over­ visions of a socialist future, are much less so of the subsequent •ecret police. “ Not in the past sition from capitalism to so­ phy and history, among other developments. But he gives some informative DEGENERATION come,”—fo rty years after the still deeply embedded in the Jrear,” they replied, except in cialism are transferred from the scientific pursuits, not to men­ figures on the unequal status OF SOCIAL SCIENCES October Revolution. consciousness of the people. In the textbook on history; theoretical realm to the process tion progress in art and lit­ the student demonstrations at of the working people in the During its early stage, the In the proclaimed “triumph Recognizing this reality, it feels long in use, Stalin’s name ap­ Tiflis in March 1956. of life itself, merging theory erature. The great opportunity midst of the expansion of heavy social sciences occupied a cen­ of the socialist system” mon­ constrained to disguise the pears 56 times in the 39 pages and practice in social activity. to apply the M arxist method There are other consequences industry, the soaring of Sput­ tra l position in Soviet pedago­ strous social inequalities still measures breeding inequality, devoted to the chapter, the as a guide to action, could Great Patriotic War. To him » f de-Stalinization. The teach­ nik, and the easy living of the These problems Involve a good serve in turn, to enrich this gy. New tasks were posed by prevail. In many cases mone­ disproportions and oppression as in g of history in Soviet schools deal more than the constant ex­ tary rewards of the privileged alone went the credit fo r all ten to twenty millions who run method. the new social order: These socialist measures taken in ac­ and its presentation in 'Soviet the government, the economy pansion of the economic foun­ aimed at nothing less than the social strata are twenty times cordance with socialist princi­ victorious deeds. No other liv­ Journals is in utter confusion. dation and the increase in la Unfortunately this is not the as high as the pay of factory ing leader of the party, or any and the army. case. Under bureaucratic rule creation of a new culture in ples. Under cover of this dis bor productivity. Important as Soviet commander is mentioned The legends and values of the “ The average wage, whether a harmonious social develop­ harmony w ith the new social workers. A t the same time free­ guise, the bureaucracy attempts Stalin period have to be com­ these are, they form but one dom and democracy are throt­ even once. 'No doubt this his­ 509 or 800 roubles, spells mis­ ment is precluded. And contra­ foundation. With the growth of to legalize and preserve its pletely revised. But this is be­ ery, and the large below-aver- aspect of the necessary pre­ bureaucracy, however, such tled; the workers are deprived usurped powers and checkmate tory once again is being re­ dictory aspects show up w ritten. But how? ing done in doses, less with an age class numbering, with de­ requisites. Involved is also a studies degenerated; and today of any sense of ownership in na­ opposition. throughout the Soviet • struc­ A t the 20th Congress, Stalin’S' eye to the truth than to the pendents, at least thirty-five fundamental change in the ex­ a free and creative development tionalized industry; they are ture. crimes were denounced, but the, Immediate requirements of Sta­ million city persons, lives in isting social and political rela­ of the social sciences does not deprived of any voice in plan­ PHILOSOPHY SHRIVELS lin ’s successors. dire distress. Two indices as tions. For the socialist society On the favorable side of gen­ exist. Their social status is at ning or control of production. This type of perversion is re­ Stalin school of falsification examples: the average Soviet must of necessity be qualita­ eral culture must be listed the the bottom of the scientific Neither Marx nor Lenin would flected in all the social sciences remained untouched. Khrush­ TALK WITH MIKOYAN chev repeated the slander of worker would hard to spend a tively different from its pres­ expansion of the educational ladder. They are preoccupied recognize this as socialism. For philosophy "the effect has system which has no parallel the “Trotskyites, Bukharinites, This was confirmed in an month’s salary on millf every ent transitional stage between with study and application of been devastating. From its- rise in the West. Measures of so­ DEFENDS GROSS bourgeois nationalists, and oth­ unusually frank chat Fischer year if he and his dependents capitalism and' socialist' in the propaganda to justify and sup­ to the highest significance and cial welfare, such as the ex­ INEQUALITIES er malignant enemies of the trad with A. I. Mikoyan, Dep­ were to equal the average an­ US&R and especially from its port the policies and actions of real-life expression in the so­ tensive infant and child care, people, the men who would re­ uty Prime Minister of the So­ nual per capita milk consump­ present bureaucratic caricature. the bureaucratic regime. And ydt, the “Marxist” text­ cial transformation during the maternity leave fo r expectant store capitalism.” Obviously- viet Union, whose condemnation tion of Great Britain. . . . The Capitalist ideologists inter­ book defends the existing social early Soviet stage, it was later HOW MARXISM mothers w ith fu ll pay, free med­ this is a command to the his­ o f Stalin evoked tremendous ap­ Moscow Literary Gazette of pret this relationship to suit inequalities as good socialist forced into the bureaucratic COULD HAVE GAINED ical service fo r all' citizens, em­ straitjacket. Dialectical mate- torians to continue lying about plause at the 20th Congress and Sept. 1, 1956, stated that the their own purposes. Scientific practice of appealing to the touched off the de-Stalinization The transition of Soviet so­ phasis on prevention of disease objectivity, they insist, could material interests of the, work­ rialism, the powerful (Marxist the past, as a means of cover­ maintenance of each pupil in ing up the present bureaucratic campaign. ciety has turned up new ex­ and on promotion of general not he practiced in the Soviet ers. This is nob new. Even piece­ method of thought, was reduced the n e w government-operated periences at every step and on health, etc., are unexampled. distortions and prevent future ‘‘Let’s drink to the truth," I boarding schools would cost Union, for this would impinge work payment, a relic of bar­ to a mere ritualistic exercise. a vast arena. Lessons have been From this early high point change. toasted. “ Good," he agreed. 10G’5 roubles a month.” On the other* side, as indi­ on the accepted doctrine of barism still predominant in So­ provided capable of advancing cated above] the sciences most Marxism-Leninism. For such a viet industry, was, from its in­ philosophy has been turned into The irreconcilable conflict he- “ This morning,” I said, “ I twen the bureaucracy and the JEWISH QUESTION human comprehension of the closely linked to the social charge there is no validity ception, presented in terms of a barren wasteland. talked with a young Communist people constantly reintroduces laws of social development to structure have suffered stagna­ whatever. The truth is exactly a socialist measure. Political The paucity of significant who proclaimed that he loved The section on Eastern Eu­ the need of falsification of 'his­ new and higher levels. Out of tion, if not downright falsifi­ the other way around. To ju sti­ economy thus becomes a fa ith ­ contributions from artists and .Stalin. How is it possible to rope contains interesting mate­ tory and revolutionary tradi­ love a person who submitted his ria] on anti-Semitism in the these lessons it would not have cation. These sciences, which fy their privileges the ruling ful echo of the bureaucratic re­ writers is explainable, in the been unreasonable to expect should be in the van of so­ caste perverts Marxism-Lenin­ gime. Should there be any final analysis, also by the bu- tion to suit the policies and re­ country to such horrors?” Kremlin. Khrushchev told the quirements of the ruling caste. Mikoyan: “Yes, many still Poles, he reports on good au­ This relationship fundamen­ love him; he did much for the thority, that at the time of the ta lly conditions the develop­ country. I t w ill take time to "Doctors Plot” in January 1953 ment, or to be more exact, the change this attitude.” Stalin planned to deport all So­ . . . Rockefeller Group Pushes Missiles stagnation of the official social “Why don’t you publish viet Jews to Siberia. This was sciences. Subverted to the needs (Continued from page 1) class. As with the Gaither report, This is a fraud on both counts. Khrushchev’s speech?” independently confirmed by of the bureaucratic rule, they it is receiving favorable com­ This “finest thinking” boils down "Mikoyan: “It's too early. Jews Fischer met in Moscow. A t Nelson and Laurence Rocke­ have lost their capacity to pro-1 to an “arm-to-bhe-teeth” prop­ B ut hundreds of thousands have the same time that Khrush­ feller; General Lucius Clay, ments from prominent Demo­ SYRIA’S leading anti - im­ jungles of the colony. The French mote social advance. The anemic crats and Republicans. osition that can only inflict read it.” chev revealed this, he opposed chairman of the board of Con­ perialist party, the Baath So­ Cameroons, w ith a population of products o f the tim id academi­ “ The speech did not go far appointing' Zambrowski as first tinental Can; Henry Luce of the It) received an unrestrained heavy new inflationary burdens cialist Party, favors solution of 3.1 million, border on Nigeria cians have become a m irror im­ enough. Do you really believe secretary of the Polish CP be­ Time-Life-Fortune empire; John eulogy from James Reston, chief on the mass of the American the Israeli-Arab dispute through and were a German “ plrttec- age of the thought-stifling con-1 that Bukharin was a wrecker cause. he said, there were al­ W. Gardner, president of Car­ of the Washington Bureau of the people and at the same time a Middle Eastern Socialist Fed­ torate” until World War I. form ity imposed upon them. And ready too many “ Abramoviches” New York Times. Reston wrote, serve only to increase (the war and spy.* negie Corp.; General Sarnoff of eration including the Jews. In a * * * fettered by this domination,- (i.e. Jews) in the leadership. Jan. 6 that the report illustrates danger. Further, the Rockefeller Mikoyan: “ No, I don’t.” . . . RCA; and tihe notorious bomb- letter to the 'Niov. 23 New States­ THE U.Sf. AIRBASE at Sidi they can have no more pro­ Projected wholesale deporta­ that “some of the best thinking report is not part of a genuine “ But you understand, Stalin held rattling physicist-politician, Ed­ man, Leon Szur and Fenner Silimane, Morocco almost faced gressive function than the bu­ tions — religious restrictions: in the world on foreign policy public debate. It is part of a Big Us in his hand. Only one es­ ward Teller. Brockway, two British socialists, a strike by Moroccan employes reaucracy itself. that’s the measure of the d if­ problems is being done by Business propaganda drive to cape was le ft to us— what Or- For liberal window-dressing report on their recent conversa­ recently because a U.'S, mess A ll these problems are tied ference between Stalin and his private citizens and institutions chain the American people to its Trotskyism tion fo r socialist democracy and national independence alliance is being weakened by predicted for the greater Phila­ index, announced Dec. 20, was the Union des Populations du symbolized the political crisis of the Kremlin regime. What, “ concern — assiduously fostered delphia area by the Pennsylvania the sharpest hike in six months tion of the expenditures of the By Janies P. Cannon Cameroun, headed by 40-year-old enterprise on the livelihood and is the interrelationship between the simultaneous but d if­ by the USSR — that the use of Bureau of Employment Security. and brought the rise over early Ruben Um Nyobe, French welfare of the workers.” The The struggle to build a fering crises inside the two centers of world power? Arne even the smallest atomic weapon 1956 to 5.5%. In Chicago, factory jobs de­ educated member of the 155,000 report declares, however, that revolutionary socialist party Swabeck subjects this key problem to a searching Marxist would involve enormous destruc­ Figures published in the Jan. clined throughout 1957. The strong Bassa tribe. The UPC is such a function is limited to in the U.S. from the found­ analysis in the Winter issue of the International Socialist. tion. . .” Those so concerned w ill 6 New York Times National city’s registered unemployed ing of the Communist Party be little impressed with the Review show that in 1957 the the only group from French “ suggestions,” made “ under con­ Review. stood at) 55,000 in mid-December to the launching of the So­ Rockefeller answer — negotiation average wage earner got about Equatorial Africa to send dele­ ditions that the rights of the or 68% over the previous Christ­ gates to the recent Afro-Asian cialist Workers Party. Send 35c for a copy of “ground rules” for the Con­ $80 less in real wages (in terms management given by the state mas. The figure for the state of conference in Cairo. I t was in carrying out its work are not duct of limited wars. of 1947-49 dollars) than in 1956 Cloth $2.75 Illinois is 108,708, an increase infringed upon.* The develop­ in spite of wage raises, over­ formed in 1948 and outlawed in Paper $2.00 BI-PARTISAN APPROVAL of 56%. 1955. The French say about 800 ment is reported to spring from time, etc. Real per capita in­ International Socialist Review Officials of the United Steel members of the group are en­ wide spread workers’ dissatis­ Pioneer Publishers The wide publicity treatment come (w ith profits as well as being given the report indicates Workers estimate that 6O1.OOO gaged in guerilla warfare, and faction with their unions which 116 University Place 116 University Place New York 3, N.Y. that it) reflects the thinking in workers in basic sjeel, mostly wages figured in) fe ll by $13 that Myobe’s followers^ whose they regard as abate instruments New York 3, N.Y, powerful circles of the capitalist in the Pittsburgh-Youngstown in the same period. flag is red, control the deep of labor discipline and speedup. THE MILITANT P»M * A N ew British M arxist W eekly By Peter Fryer Peter Kerrigan, Liverpool dock ity and unity o f action in the ideas—ideas which I now see to I pride. . . . The paradox of the er; and C liff Slaughter, lecturer struggle. have constituted a very great human predicament stood out Special London Correspondent in sociology at Leeds Universi­ Last but not least, the paper contribution to the treasure- more clearly than ever before: The Newsletter, which it has ty, who has been leading the stands pledged to “ a clear, house of socialist theory? | a deep, almost desperate long- been my privilege to edit since group of 35 Leeds Communists fo rthright, robust class ap­ If in the last few months I ing fo r peace yoked to an in­ it began publication last May, who have just announced their proach” and promises to devote have done a little, through sun­ stantaneous preparation for sui­ this week takes a big step for­ resignation from the CP. proper attention to the prinei dry talks and writings, to en­ cidal war.” Crisis — economic, pie of international working- courage others, in or recently political and sp iritu a l— over­ ward in its development into a NEWSLETTER SURVIVES fully-fledged M arxist weekly. class solidarity. out of the CP, to study and dis shadows the whole capitalist Socialists and 1958 Elections A first-rate team, and one An editorial board of ten has * • * cuss the works of this eminent world, and Britain not least of been set up, consisting of four capable of building a fighting Russian revolutionary, I think all. 1958 will be a major election year. sympathetic to socialist candidates ad­ former members of the Com­ paper, despite rising costs and Of Brian Pearce I have w rit­ that should be accounted to me The Democrats and the Republicans vocating a workers’ and farmers’ govern­ munist Party and six Labor the way long-established jour­ ten berfore. He 'has now been for merit. Only through what U.S. ROCKET-BASES will go before the American working peo­ ment in the U.S. and pressing immediate Party members. Four of the nals are going down like corn told officially of his expulsion you call ‘Trotskyism’ can people VIEWED AS THREAT and compelling demands such as with­ ten are well-known militants in under the scythe (only last from the CP; his letter to the wlho have rig h tly become dis­ There are signs of economic ple with variations of the same Big Busi­ Appeals Committee deserves Slump. Even more ominous is the drawal of American troops from foreign the building, engineering andi'vee^ another paper, the in- gusted with Stalinism he saved, ness program. dock industries. dependent Conservative weekly quoting at length, for it is so to speak, fo r Marxism. I f threat of American rocket-bases Regardless p f their promises both will soil, an end to the missiles race, the 30- The Newsletter w ill have Truth, folded up). We have typical of the political evolution you were a real Communist being built here. Local councils offer: hour week at 40-hours pay. three co-editors: Brian Pearce, confounded the prophets who o f the best of those CP rebels Party you would appreciate — especially of cities that were 1957 saw a growing unity among a translator and historian who gave The Newsletter six weeks, who have been reading, discuss­ such efforts, instead of expell­ blitzed in the war—are protest­ More spending for the catastrophic has just been expelled from the three months, six months to ing and thinking in the past ing members for them. ing; in Aberdeen one trade arms race as their sole answer to economic radicals around socialist campaign ac­ live. We have still bigger sur­ year or more. union branch has decided to tivities. This was marked by the support CP, Michael Banda, active in “ All that remains is to wash decline. the Socialist Forum movement, prises in store fo r them. “Doubtless you will recall, in you the season’s greetings and “ black”—i.e. prohibit—work on extended by the National Guardian and In its statement of aims, the expelling me,” he writes, “ the rocket sites. More cold war against the Soviet-bloc and myself. The editorial board express the hope that 1958 will by Vincent Hallinan and other prominent is an excellent reflection of the editorial hoard says the paper’s long lis t of good communists see a mighty advance of the The New Statesman calls the countries and the national independence individuals on the left for candidates of way the Left-wing streams are chief task w ill he to help the who have been expelled since working-class movement, in the Anglo-U.S. agreement on these revolution in Asia and Africa. coming together. On it sits building of n socialist working- Stalinism firs t set ih, and how course of which numerous hon­ bases “ B ritain’s suicide pact” the Socialist Workers Party in New York, and says scathingly that '“ to More attacks on the labor movement building worker Brian Behan, class leadership on the job. ‘‘In sometimes those who did the est men and women still in Detroit and San Francisco. The support former member of the CP Ex­ •this way the paper w ill help, expelling were later themselves your ranks will at last under­ judge by his recent perform­ at home. was extended despite disagreement over ecutive and leading rebel of the to the best of its ability, to­ expelled—as in the case o f J. T. stand and shake o ff the incu­ ances in the House [o f Com­ More Jim Crow. certain aspects of the SWP’s program. party’s Congress last Easter; wards the arming of the work­ Murphy, mover of the resolu­ bus of Stalinism, in time to mons], it is doubtful if even Mr. MacMillan w ill toother to More demands on the American work­ The growing unity around electoral H arry Constable, a prominent ing' class movement.” I t w ill tion §xpelling Trotsky from the play their part in the real bat­ London dockers’ leader; Harry provide a weekly forum in ‘Comintern. tle fo r socialism in B ritain.” ascertain its details.” The mis­ ing people to tighten their belts, while the activities is encouraging. W’e believe it Finch, Labor City Councillor in which militants can exchange [Murphy was expelled during siles, it points out, are not in­ billionaires profit. should be broadened this year and the the great industrial center of experiences; seek contributions the “social-fascist period for ad­ * * * tended to defend Britain, but We believe the working people will number of socialist campaigns multiplied. Birmingham and leader of the from both Marxists and non- vocating something akin to The last few days liave seen decisively increase its vulnera­ manifest increasing dissatisfaction with In this way the ground will be prepared 1956 Norton strike against re­ Marxists “ who have something East-West trade — then a no­ many British journals indulging bility. There are the ingredients dundancy (layoffs), which serious and thoughtful to say toriously “Trotskyist”* demand!] in the time-hononed part i me of lying about for a really pow­ Big Business rule. for mass independent working class op­ lasted almost th irty | weeks; about the British Labor move­ Incidentally, may I say that one reviewing the old year and peer­ erful and effective protest We believe they will be increasingly position to Big Business rule. Price Jones, another Labor ment’s problems and tasks” ; of the things I most regret ing into the new. Most of them movement on this issue. There Councillor in the North; Tpm campaign for a socialist pro­ about my 23 years in the CP are pretty doleful about it. The is more feeling about it among Kemp, who has built up a repu­ gram; criticize the ideas abroad is that I allowed myself to be Times says the year “ was not ordinary people than I remem­ The Jencks Case Victory tation fpr his contribqtions on in the working-class movement -misedueaied into helping in the: one on which the human race ber on any question for a very economics to Labor Review; with the aim of achieving clar­ vilification of Trotsky and his can look back with much long time. Another landmark has been registered degree that non-identifications in early in the counter-attack against the witch statements become positive identifica­ hunt. Upon the request of the Department tions in final testimony and all incriminat­ of Justice, the federal court in El Paso ing errors and inconsistencies are ironed has dismissed the Jencks case. out. Heretofore in witch-hunt trials “W ool-Hat,” “Cracker” Are Stereotypes Too The Jencks frame-up alleged that this defendants were confronted only with the By Don West fttio n and understanding; they fill his mind w ith poisoned ra­ organizer of the Mine Mill and Smelter final, polished testimony and were denied [The following article, entitled Union had falsely signed the non-com­ the right to see all the statements which “ •Hill-Billy,’ ‘Plowboy,’ ‘Wool- cist propaganda. Then they Hats,’ and ‘Crackers,’ ” appeared stand back and make him the munist affidavit required by the Taft- would permit adequate cross-examination goat! H&rtley law. His conviction in 1954 was of the paid witnesses. in the December Southern Newsletter, Louisville, Ky. -Personally, I am of these— "based upon the testimony of the paid in­ In the Jencks case, the notorious Harvey Don West is a poet, journalis hill-billy, cracker, plowboy—I formers of the Justice Department. Matusow identified Jencks as a member and farmer who has been asso come from the mountaineer- On Dec. 31 the prosecutor told the fed­ of the Communist Party. He subsequently ciated with many militant strug cracker people and I have al­ eral court that “ on the available evidence, told the FBI he was lying and this was gles to organize the workers ways definitely and deliberately identified myself with and of the government cannot successfully retry recorded in his file of statements. None­ in the South.— Editor.] Sometimes well-meaning peo­ them. Yes, and my own neck is this defendant.” The bias of Judge theless the government went to trial and ple have a tendency to lump all red now from following the Thomason, who presided over the convic­ used Matusow’s "identification” to get the white South together as a plow around the furrows of the tion of Jencks at the first trial, may be a conviction. hopelessly prejudiced and bad fields of this Georgia farm. gauged from the fact that while having Heatedly denying press reports that lump. Such stereotypes by which a These well-meaning people whole group is condemned can­ no alternative but to dismiss the case, he they had dropped the case to prevent the have a set of unfortunate stock not unite. They are splitting insisted in declaring that he was still defense from seeing the FBI files on words or phrases used to create words. Hate and spi-te and convinced of Jencks’ guilt. Matusow, Justice Department officials a stereotype by which a whole force are suggested by their In a very important decision on the group is judged. Thus they usage. They tend to turn the declared: “ We dropped this case because plowboys and crackers and hill­ Jencks case, the Supreme Court ruled last we didn’t have the proof.” If so, why did create a definition of “cracker” and condemn a whole group. billies toward the Faubus camp.’ spring that a defendant has the right to they try Jencks in the firs t place? I think now of at least four And God knows in this crusade examine the government’s file of state­ As the story on page one about the recent examples. White workers fighting fo r progress in the South. These members of the Textile Workers fo r decency and- love and broth­ ments made (by prosecution witnesses. current Cleveland T-H conspiracy tidal One is an article by Hodding l nion had to use a church bus for a union headquarters when they struck the Green River erhood and peace, we need ev­ ery possible friend and ally. This was a blow to the informer system shews, the anti-labor, witch-hunting Carter in P.D. East’s Petal Pa­ M ills in 1955 because Tuxedo, North Carolina, where the strike occurred was a company town and per, Petal, Mississippi. Mr. Car­ they couldn't rent a hall. I would say to those who because under FBI promptings and hints Justice Department is now engaged in a ter refers to Talmadge’s "crack­ have accepted such a short­ original statements of the informers are new kind of frame-up as smelly as the ers.” The implication is, of of a background of slavery of i t necessary to defame and dis­ scribing the common folks. The sighted view, who have used subsequently “ improved” to such a Jencks case. course, that we must lay re­ the Negro people. Who owned honor an honorable occupation truth, of course, is that not the such terms in a derogatory sponsibility for the Talmadges the slaves? And who sought to and group by connecting a “ wool hats” but the Silk Hats sense: look elsewhere fo r the of the South to the "crackers” perpetuate and extend slavery? Faubus onto it? What is wrong are the ones to be eyed with culprit. Not the poor Southern door. I.t was not the “ crackers” or with being a plowboy anyhow? suspicion. The phrase “ wool- white working man or farmer, be he hill-hilly or lowlander, Another example is in a re­ “ peckerwoods” or “ wool-hats.” By such careless usage as cited hat” is just another of those .. Army Reviews Discharges cent Paul Robeson interview in Slaves were owned by the above we might be led to be­ misleading stereotypes used so but look to the big white houses on the hills. Look toward those Ebony Magazine. He uses the Southern aristocrats, and they lieve it is the plowboys who often and cleverly to pull the who control the radio, TV, (Continued from page 1) nated and covered a period after The origin of the army’s "re­ same “ cracker” term, and the sought to perpetuate the insti­ follow the furrow from dawn wool over a lot of people’s for a -degree in Electrical En­ my honorable release. Received form,” can be traced to Aug. 4, implication is that these “crack­ tution. They lived in the nice till dusk who are responsible eyes. schools, press and pulpit. You gineering. Was denied the GI undesirable discharge, April 1955 when Rowland Watts, then ers” are the ones responsible big white houses, and they had for Little Rock! will find the old aristocratic T957.” national secretary of the Work­ fo r the plight of his people. More recently comes the Na Southerner and no doubt you’ll educational benefits by the New education and “ culture,” be­ Again, there are the “ h ill­ tional Guardian with an arti York State Veterans Adminis­ With the army facing a ers Defense League, focused na­ And my old and very cour­ cause they had time and wealth. find roots reaching all the way tional attention on the Penta­ ageous friend, L. E. Austin, ed­ billies.” Often this phrase is cle about “ Boll weevil J. White- to Wall Street. tration. Made an application for court test over its security dis­ Slaves did their work. thrown around as if in some trash.” Here again the old gon’s witch hunt against en­ ito r of the Carolina Times, Dur­ Certainly, no one—I the least a disability claim against U.S. charges, Francis X. Plant, Army But the “cracker” —that is way the h ill folks are the -ones Bourbon lie that the poor listed men. Watts, basing him­ ham, N.C. makes use of “ h ill­ of all—would deny that the* army prior to discharge. . . . special assistant on “ personnel a word used particularly in responsible fo r violence against whites — the “whitetrash” — is self on 110 cases, issued a two- b illy” and “ cracker” phrases poor white 'Southerner is not This claim was denied by the loyalty” told newsmen on Dec. Georgia to denote the poor and the Negro people. The “ h ill­ mainly responsible fo r condi­ 26, about the military’s reforms. volume report on “ The Draftee right along. Others use "wool- sometime.1? found under the bed U.S. army because ef the na­ common white folks. Tom Wat­ billies” are the Southern moun­ tions of the NegTO is repeated. Of 211 "undesirable” security and Internal Security.” It ex­ hat,” "red - necks,” “pecker- sheets and pillows slips of the ture of my discharge.” son in an interchange with Ted­ taineers who live in or come The poor Southern white, vic­ discharges, 69 have been up­ posed the army’s blacklisting wood,” “ country-hicks,” etc., in Ku Klux Klan. They are in the WA8-108-495; “ Was accepted dy Roosevelt, once gave an ex­ from the Southern Appalachi­ timized by both the bollweevil graded to “ general” and 65 to through security - notation dis­ like manner. White Councils also. But they a t two jobs, then discharged. cellent definition somethig like ans. Historically the mountain­ and the planter aristocrats, “ honorable.” Of 435 general dis­ charges of men whose thinking Some may say this is not are not the prim ary source. Was refused bond fo r a job this. "The cracker,” he said, “ is eers were opposed to slavery on with his lack of educational op charges, 129 have been changed and activities or those of their important, just the matter of Those who own the wealth and handling precious metals, thus simply the Southern white who principle. In the Civil War the portunity, with his blue cham- to “ honorable” and 12 have been kin were not in conformity with semantics. But I think it is im­ the means, and use them, to occasioning loss of job. Was re­ Southern mountains were an bray work ahirt, is pictured as modified to show reasons other brass-hat standards. Reinforcing portant to be as clear as pos­ did his own work like a man, shape and -twist the minds and fused admittance to City Col- area almost unitedly pro-Union the “final breastwork” against than “ security” fo r the dis­ the Watts report was the wide­ sible in our use of words. Such and did not depend upon slaves spirits of the many are the re­ lego New York.” US52-055-415: to do St.” and anti-Confederacy in sym­ decency at L ittle Rock. “Unable to follow' vocation de- charge. W ith the army’s own ly publicized esse of Eugene usage as the examples above sponsible ones. J'ose M arti, the The “ cracker,” then, was the pathy and action. What a false and misleading Bired: VA [Veterans Adminis­ figure of 726 army “security” Landy who was turned down tend to cloud the issues and great Cuban independence lead­ non-slaveholding white. Today Why, f o r goodness snkes, representation! Writers of such tration] has not approved my discharges meted out between fo r a naval-reserve commission hide the veal enemy. That cer er, expressed it well in the fo l­ he is just the common ordinary should all the evils growing out articles, regardless of their vocational rehabilitation. Ohio 1948 and 1955, there still re­ because his mother had alleged­ tainly is important. lowing words with which I Southern white working man or of a slavery background be good inteittions, cannot but Korean bonus now being held main 532 discharges of less than ly once been a “ Communist.” Let us look at these implica­ completely agree: “The monster farmer as distinguished from thrown a t the very people who serve, even be it so unconscious­ up.” honorable character. These have Following the Landy case a bar­ tions. who troubles the waters, and been issued because of political rage of guilt-by-kinship risks The bitter fruits of prejudice those who are from the big fought and opposed slavery? ly, the purpose and desires of not the miserable thirsty ones ER55-147-139: “ In Nov. 1951, beliefs or associations. came into the limelight. Sen­ —segregation, lynehings, the re­ white house. There is also a lot of twad­ the Bourbons and their North­ who drink from them, are to I was drafted into the army. And what about that “plow- dle about the "wool-hats,” ern allies. They deny the poor Arm y spokesmen confirmed, ator Hennings’ subcommittee on cent castrating of a Negro man he held accountable fo r the dan­ . . . I was honorably released Constitutional Rights began by an inhuman gang—grow out boy” governor Faubus? Why is which is just another term de­ white opportunities for educa on Sept. 28, 1953 and placed in that Supreme Court review of gerous backwash of those hearings on Nov. 17, 1955. I t the inactive reserves. On Feb. the army witchhunt ’will de­ h it the army’s persecution of waters.” 28, 1955, two years after being termine whether the army may draftees. out of the service, I had a hear­ give a draftee with an excel­ Harmon and Abramowitz have ing before a field board of in­ lent service record a less than .. ■ Afro-Asian Solidarity Parley fought the army through every quiry, because of alleged associ­ honorable discharge for alleged BOOKS federal, district and appeals ations with organizations listed pre-induction ideas or associa­ (Continued from page 1) monopoly in Brazil. They wish wave has not subsided even in dency of the colonial revolution courts and have been rebuffed as subversive 'by the Attorney tions. Army spokesmen declined countries. The kind of invest­ to get their own snouts in the those Aslan countries where po­ is a constant preoccupation of each time. Their current fight AND PAMPHLETS General. These charges were to say what they would do if ment the foreign capitalists are trough. Thus the Soviet offer litical independence is almost a the ruling classes of the Asian in the Supreme Court will af­ made by nameless informers the Supreme Court ruling went w illing to make in Asia and gives Brazil and other coun­ decade old is attested by such "neutralist” and Arab national­ by JAMES P. CANNON fect hundreds of other victim­ after my active service term i­ against the army. Africa are mainly in extractive tries the chance of escaping the developments as the nationali­ ist regimes. In this they are ized youth. The army, accord­ On Problems of industries and production of raw fate of Venezuela, whose oil zations (in many cases carried aided by the Kremlin which, in ing to the Dec. 27 New York Socialism in America materials, or in public utilities, riches are drained away by for­ out by workers) in Indonesia. payment for the diplomatic sup­ Herald Tribune, says it does which are profitable monopo­ eign corporations which main­ Its spread is attested by the port, imposes on the Communist America’s Road to not expect the problem to re­ lies. But these they wish for tain a puppet dictator to keep resistance to imperialism by Parties of these various coun­ Socialism 80pp $.35 cur on any considerable scale themselves and consider it a “ order” among the resentful Egypt and Syria and by the tries a policy of not going be­ Socialism on because prospective inductees are loss when a backward country population. armed struggle for independence yond the bounds marked o ff ty Trial lllp p $.50 now brass-screened before induc­ sets up a government - ow*]ed Top U.S. aid officials have in Algeria and noin the the native capitalists. American Stalinism and tion, instead of after. This “so­ public utility. The non-capital­ boasted publicly that they run Cameroons. Anti-Stalinism $.16 lution” to the problem poses an­ Nevertheless, every act of re­ the foreign aid programs to en­ The continued presence of the The Struggle for a other civil liberties challenge: ist USSR, however, is quite w ill­ sistance to imperialism embold­ ing to aid both in basic indus­ courage “ private enterprise” and masses ,on the political scene Proletarian will the military be permitted ens the workers and peasants. trialization and in developing discourage government - owned in the independnt nations of Party 302 pp to transfer its blacklisting from government-owned utilities. developments. Their fury with A frica and Asia enables the na­ In .China the tide of social rev­ discharge papers to draft cards? Cloth $2.75 An excellent example of this Soviet interference in the pri­ tive capitalist classes there to olution rose beyond the lim its Paper $2.00 difference was given last month vate profit opportunities of for­ hold out for greater conces­ marked by Stalin and Mao and The History of American when the Soviet Union of|pred eign aid has been compounded sions from imperialism by tak­ swept the Chinese Communist Trotskyism 268pp BOOKS - PAMPHLETS Brazil all the equipment and by the Soviet suggestion at ing a “ neutralist” position. This, Party to power. The workers Cloth $2.75 On Socialism technical aid needed for oil Cairo that other undeveloped moreover, placates the anti­ Paper $2.00 and the Labor wells and refineries to exploit countries emulate Indonesia’s war and pro-Soviet sympathies- and peasants in today’s colonial The IW W — The Great Movement recently discovered petroleum nationalization of Dutch hold­ of the masses. But the native revolution will similarly seek to Anticipation 44pp $.25 deposits. Brazil would find it ings. capitalists realize that the mass go beyond the limited objectives Eugene V. Debs 40pp $.25 Order Free Catalog from : extremely difficult if not im­ The Afro - Asian conference movement may overflow the marked out for it by Nehru, PIONEER PUBLISHER possible to get the necessary and the economic aid offered by channels they have marked out PIONEER PUBLISHERS Nasser, Sukarno, and the vari­ 116 University Place aid from the U.S., for the pow­ the Soviet Union cannot tu t fo r it to social revolution 116 University Place New York 3. N. Y. erful oil corporations do not strengthen the colonial, revolu­ against capitalism itself. ous Communist Parties leader­ New York 3. N.Y. want to see a government oil tion. That this revolutionary To curb this inherent ten­ ships. In the Tradition Of Debs ______.__ . By Jack Wright - - — the MILITA — t Candidate for Seattle City Council VOLUME XXII MONDAY, JAN. 13, 1958 NUMBER 2 i I cast my firs t Presidential ballot for the question of the lily-white Fire Eugene V. Debs in 1920, while Gene was Department and demand the hiring of in the Atlanta penitentiary. I have had Negroes in the Department. He also liked the good fortune of having heard him my plank on taxation which calls for speak on several occasions and the fire placing the burden of taxes on the rich. Seattle Socialists Name Wright and enthusiasm of this great Socialist Next I went to the restaurant where I orator has remained with me as a guide usually eat and told the waitress that I throughout my life. had filed. She did not believe me at first A fter discussing the local political but when I showed her my receipt for the Molders Union Veteran situation with my fellow Socialists, and filing fee she said: “ Well, I ’ll be damned. finding that all the candidates in the I ’ll vote for you, it’s time some honest City Council race were representatives of worker ran against those phony business­ the capitalist class and their two parties, men fakers.” Seeks City Council Post I agreed that it was my right and duty to file as a representative of the working The next night I went to my union SEATTLE. Jan. 5—Standing on an inspiring 43-year class. I also agreed to campaign to the meeting. A bunch of brothers greeted me record of militant service in the West Coast labor and best of my ability in the tradition of with “ Hi ya, councilman.” They were very socialist movement, Jack W right completed filing re­ pleased that I had decided to run. After Eugene V. Debs, and to point out to the quirements last) week as a candi- $ ------workers of Seattle the necessity of sup­ the meeting got under way the Business date in the primary election for porting Socialism and Socialist candidates Agent stopped short in the middle of his the Seattle City Council. He is SWP Candidate Campaigning w ith the endorse­ as the best means of solving their report and said: “ I want to make an an­ nouncement to you brothers. One of our ment and active support of tihe problems. Socialist Workers Party. Since filing as a candidate I have been brothers, Jack Wright, had the guts to A member of the International around and visited many of my old friends go and file for City Council against that Molders and Foundry Workers pack of petty-larceny business men who Union since 1915 and presently in the Labor and Socialist movements and a member of the Seattle Central have been heartened by the genuine control it. We must spread the word in all the shops and get all the boys Labor Council and the Washing­ response of solidarity and cooperation ton State Metal Trades Council, that I have encountered. registered to vote and give Jack full W right is widely known and Immediately after leaving the County support.” respected in the ranks of labor as a fighter. Standing on a so­ City building after filing for Council, I Several of the brothers took the floor cialist program of workers talked with a Negro community leader and announced their approval and sup­ democracy in industry, in gov­ that I thought might be induced to file port after which I too*k the floor and told ernment and in the union move­ also. He told me that he had been con­ them briefly what my program is and ment, he has aroused the interest sidering filing but had changed his mind why I am running on a Socialist platform. and support c f many workers. owing to the pressure of other immediate I told them that at the next meeting I BECAME SOCIALIST responsibilities but that he would give would have a full statement of my plat­ IN 1914 me all the support he could. form written up and would ask them for Jack Wright was born in Marshfield, Oregon in 1896, the He was especially interested in the fact •their official endorsement, which I feel son of a pioneer fam ily that was that I was going to include in my program hopeful they will give me. "How can you ask for a raise when we all have to pull together the firs t to settle in the area. He came to Everett), Wash., in and tighten our belts, what with Sputnik and everything?" 1910 and began work as an ap­ JACK WRIGHT prentice molder. Three years later he entered the socialist to the great world problems of Unions Strike St. Paul our time. movement as a member c f the Young Peoples Socialist League, Postpone Rowoldt TAXATION PROGRAM Letters from Readers and in 1914 he joined Local 500 of the IW W. He was very well received'In Victory Celebration his opening speech of the c£Tti- Press; Issue Own Paper the next (rime around. The clerk He was a participant in the Working on History paign at the Washington Pen­ MINNEAPOLIS, Jan. 3 — told me that this is “the worst 1931 Hunger March on Wash­ By Winifred Nelson to employ sufficient extra men Charles Rowoldt, who re­ ington and then an organizer sion Union Forum. He pointed to help relieve the overworked Of IWW; Seeks Data year we’ve ever had,” but, of ST. PAUL, Dec. 28— The peo­ cently won a deportation case for the Cannery and Agricultural to the present critical unemploy­ course, that would only mean ment situation in the state ■^f ple of this city saw their first What to Wrap Mailers.” against the U.S. Immigra­ Editor: Workers Union in California, that tihis is the worst year since over 10% of the work force !is newspaper in 11 days at 8 P.M. MODEST DEMANDS tion Department, was taken I am working on a history of he’d been working there, and he organizing lettuce workers in tonight, when the St. Paul Sen­ Garbage In? to General Hospital here yes­ Watsonville and cotton pickers now jobless — as a major isBtfe In view of these conditions, the IW W and would appreciate didn't say how long that was. in the eleotirions. '.'I tinel, 16-page tabloid published "What to wrap garbage the Mailers’ demand— along terday. He w ill undergo an hearing from any former mem­ He did volunteer, however, that in the San Joacquin Valley. by the striking Newspaper in?” St. Paul’s new union operation for gallstones next bers who took part in the notable there were 2,500 signing there In the course of the struggle, Discussing his program for a with the Typographers’ and democratic reorganization of the Guild, Typographical and M ail­ daily paper, the Sentinel, Stereotypers’ — for a two-year week. strikes and trials of that organ­ for benefits, on a weekly aver­ he has been railroaded to jail tax structure based on ability t6 ers unions, hit the streets for asks, declaring that house­ contract with a 15-cent an hour The Rowoldt Victory Cele­ ization, as well as from Socialist age. many times. He was impris­ pay, he outlined a solution to a the first time. wives have been missing raise the firs t year, and a 10- bration w ill be postponed till Party members who also found M. G. oned while leading a strike of pressing pi-oblem of the many Another firs t for St. Paul is their daily paper “in a rather cent an hour raise the second next month, the Minnesota themselves mixed up in the a f­ Chicago beet workers in Oxnard Calif., Seattle workers and pensioners the strike against the St. Paul inglorious w a y.'” It contin­ year — seems modest enough. Committee for the Protection fairs. as well as during the molders’ Dispatch - Pioneer Press — the ues: “ A ll week they have Particularly so since Hoi points of the Foreign Born has an­ Homer Hathaway A Soviet Movie strikes in Seattle in 1917 and who own their homes and have first strike in 109 years against been calling the bureau of out that another demand for the nounced. The a ffa ir had orig­ 1620 Maple 1918. He first went to jail as a them heavily mortgaged. Op­ pressive city taxes are levied on these newspapers! Forced on sanitation, asking how to addition of two men on a regu­ inally been set for Saturday, Everett, Wash. Editor: boy fo r selling a socialist) youth the workers by the money-hun­ wrap garbage. The ordinance lar basis "w ill cut down the Jan. 11. A new Russian movie Called paper in defiance of a court in­ this low-income group in­ gry Ridder fam ily who are not says garbage must be wrap­ amount of overtime pay now Watch fo r future announce­ Unemployment Carnival would be just a weak junction. stead of on the banks arid content with monopoly-owner­ ped securely, ‘preferably required and the publisher w ill ment of the Rowolt Victory imitation of Hollywood if it In 1928 he became associated mortgage companies who really ship profits in these and other using three or four thick­ not have to spend more money Ceiebr ,tion. In Chicago wasn’t full of hilarious scenes with the Communist Party. By held the deeds. A concerted papers throughout the country, nesses of newspaper.’ for ridiculing a certain big shot. The 1953 his long-developing opposi­ drive by tabor, W right declared in the long run.” Mailers am Editor: the strike has caused a com­ city garbage pickup!” Stereotypers are also asking th< story is about a drama school tion to many of its views led to to much applause, could force & plete blackout of printed news 35-hour week, while the’ Typog­ Perhaps you would be in­ that puts on a New Year’s Eve the severing of this political tie. shift of this tax burden to the locally. raphers want a compensating terested in knowing how the un­ party. Everyone seems to know Shortly after the Khrushchev banks and mortgage companies. St. Paul’s two papers— owned employment situation looks from He also called for abolition of FIRST SINCE 1930’s day o ff if a holiday falls on Banquet to Honor what to do. The only fly in the revelations in 1956 he became an and published by the Ridder their day off or on vacation this small corner. I had been at ointment is a buffoon who hap­ active supporter of the Socialist the city sales tax and the placing First daily strike paper pub­ fam ily—have a complete monop­ time. the unemployment office once pens to be the director of the Workers Party. of special taxes on the Boeing lished in the Twin Cities since oly here, the Advocate editors The Newspaper Guild is the before, on Sept. 29. A t that time school. A fte r speaking to a As a lifelong socialist who cast aircraft company for its use of the m ilitant 1930’s when Team­ I. F. Stone Weekly say, adding: “ I t is a sweet set­ only union seeking a one-year I filed my claim, they sent me magician he gets on stage bo his first vote for E. V. Debs, city facilities. ster Local 544 put out the up fo r the monopoly ownership. contract and inclusion of a “ fa ir out on a job that afternoon, and make a pompous speech. He W right says that he w ill try to A ll persons interested in prb- Northwest Organizer, the Sen­ Profit-wise, it is about as juicy employment practices” clause. On 5th Birthday I went to work the next morn­ fishes in his pockets fo r notes moting Jack Wright’s campaign tinel w ill appear every day but emulate him in this campaign. an arrangement as the sharp­ They ask a five-day week fo r A dinner will be held in New ing. At that’ time, there was and pulls out'birds. are urged to send contributions Monday for the duration of the While outlining a series of planks est, and most avid, business those workers who do not have York on Friday evening, Jan. plenty of room to sit down in He tries to mop his face with to Jack W right Campaign Head­ strike. Price is five cents fo r on key local labor, civil liberties entrepreneur could hope to put it, but do not seek to lessen 17, at 7 P.M. in honor of I. F. the waiting room. Today, there the daily and ten cents fo r the a hanky but pulls out a dozen and civil rights issues, he is at quarters, 655 Main St., Seattle together.” their 40-hour week. Their de­ Stone on the. occasion of the was hardly space to lean on Sunday paper, based on the cost bandanas knotted together. Later the same time campaigning (x> 4 or to call Mll 7139 if they (The same situation exists mand fo r $6 a week increase, fifth anniversary of his crusading the walls. At) this office, they of production. Strikers “ are he gets on the stage again to reach a maximum number of wish to help with electioneering throughout the country except according to Richard Wanek, weekly which has played an im­ have 99 numbered cards hang­ happy to undertake this w ith- stop a dance but is lowered people with the socialist answer activities. in a few metropolitan centers— Guild contract committee chair­ portant role in the ifighit for ing on a nail. You take the , out pay both because they feel through the stage floor, etc. complete control by ‘ the mo­ man, w ill bring St. Paul news civil liberties and peace. The top card and w ait until the they owe this sendee to the Students trap him in the elevator nopoly press!) workers’ pay closer, but not up banquet w ill be held at the Port number is called. public and because they want by shutting o ff the power, and So when forced to call a to pay for similar jobs on the Arthur Restaurant at 7 Mott I picked up number 62, found to keep in practice ih their fa­ everyone seems to think life strike because they were un­ Minneapolis papers. The Guild St. Reservations are $3 each a space on the walls to lean on. Calendar of Events vorite activity,” declares the would be better without guys able to get satisfactory agree­ is asking higher raises fo r some A t that time they called number lead article of this first edi­ and include a ten-course Chinese like him. We don’t expect Rus­ Chicago Presents: “ Bespoke Overcoat,” ments on new contracts, other workei's whose pay is fa r be­ 24. By the time they called my tion, headlined "Why the Sen­ dinner. There w ill be speeches sian movies to attack the bur­ Academy Award Winning fibri- unions at the plant went out in low average in the industry. number, about an hour later, Fri., Jan. 17, 8:15 P.M. M ili­ tinel 1” by Stone and others and informal eaucrats, but what else is there Based on the Gogol story; solid support of the strikers, discussion. More than half the they had gone through the 99 tant Labor, Forum. “Three Pro­ “Strike Peace Still Far .Off” BOSSES DRAW to make fun of? “Deadline for Action,” Carl totalling some 900 workers in 2Q9 available . reservations are cards, and number 8 was up on In America the comic strip grams for Peace— The Real reads the next headline on the all. The Stereotypers union has STRIKE INSURANCE Meaning of Peaceful Coexist­ Marzani’s film expose of tthe Sentinel’s front page. Although' already taken and the balance Beetle Bailey is tops in popularity since added in contract de­ In the fpce of the hardship ence.” 777 W. Adams. effects of imperialism; “ Cham­ negotiations with management will be filled in order of receipt. because i t makes fun of the mands. fo r the strikers w ith a long Checks must accompany the pion,” with Charlies Ohaplin. were resumed today for the Conference caste system of the Army. Then firs t time since a pre-Christ­ mid-winter strike, the Ridder reservations which should be Central Plaza Annex, 40 East PROTEST IRON HAND ownership has already announc­ there are religious cartoon mas break-off, members of the mailed to I. F. Stone’s Weekly, Minneapolis Seventh St. at Second Ave. Con­ " I t was more than just get­ ed its intention of holding out joint strike committee see the 6618 Nebraska Ave., Washing­ characters like Brother Juniper tribution: $1.00. ting a satisfactory settlement fo r at least 13 weeks. They do Friday, Jan. 17, 8 P. M. — strike as “still far from a set­ ton 15, D. C. Of Socialist who stands at a bus stop w ith this time,” the Union Advocate not fear to lose their profits, "Meaning of NATO Conference.” tlement.” Demands are: shorter In a statement in the windup two ladies on a windy day and states. For the workers “ it was for they have strike insurance! Speaker: V. R. Dunne, State So­ hours, increased wages, no dis issue of his fifth year of pub­ a question of having some The strike insurance plan is a all three of them are holding cialist Workers Party organ­ Saturday, Feb. 1, 8 P. M. Dr. crimination in employment and lication, Stone gives thanks to Youth Slated voice in their pay and work­ scheme of the American News­ their skirts down. izer. 322 Hennepin Ave., Rm. an end to the speed-up. his readers and says “ The big Nathan, noted economist and ing conditions or knuckling un­ paper Publishers Association, CHICAGO, Jan. 6. — For 205. Appearing on an inside page issue today is peace and we hope As these non-working elements executor of Dr. Albert Einstein?* der for years to come if not which can make a strike down­ the first time in a number of the Sentinel along with' state­ ho dedicate our major efforts in in society discover that people • estate, speaks on: "W ar aii£ for all time—to an iron-handed right profitable for the bosses. of years young socialists ments from the unions involved, the next five years to it. The rule by the monopoly news­ “ Sometimes a strike can be from a variety of political aren’t taking them seriously any New York Peace in the Atomic Agf?* is a statement by management, outlook is bad, but so was the papers for which they have broken that way, and w ith it backgrounds and front a wide more they try to get jobs as Ausp.: Militant Labor Forum. using all the old baek-to-work outlook for civil liberties five Friday, Jan. 17, 8 and 10:15 worked.” the union,” the Union Advo­ geographical area w ill gath­ comedians without bothering to propaganda techniques and de­ years ago. Yet . . . the principles P. M. — Young Socialist Alliance 116 University Place. The papers’ owners, continues cate states. “ Three months is a er together to discuss their ploring the fact that news people read only in a few change costumes. the Advocate, demand “ STILL long time to live on strike- mutual problems a n