War thunder po 2

Continue Po-2 Corn Po-2 at the museum in Dresden, Role Utility Manufacturer Polycarps First Flight 24 June 1927 '1' Introduction 1929 Primary users Soviet Air ForceAeroflotdosAF Produced 1928-1952 '2' Number built 2000-30000 '2' Polycarps Po-2 (also U-2, for its original uchebny, Training, the role of the aircraft-instructor) served as a Soviet general-purpose biplane nicknamed The Corn (Russian : Corn (to. m.v.) for corn; thus, a corn rag or agricultural rag) NATO, according to the name Mule. The robust, uncomplicated concept of the Po-2 design made it an ideal simulator, and doubled as an inexpensive ground attack, aerial reconnaissance, psychological warfare and communications aircraft during the war, proving to be one of the most versatile light combat types to be built in the . By 1978 it remained in production for a longer period of time than any other Soviet aircraft. It is one of the most produced aircraft, and may be the most produced biplane in history, with 30,000 Po-2s built between 1928 and 1959. However, production figures for the Polikarpov U-2 and Po-2 bombers and trainers combined are between 20,000 and 30,000. With the end of production already in 1952. The correct figures are difficult to obtain, as the low production of small repair shops and air clubs probably lasted until 1959. The design and development of the aircraft was developed by Nikolai Polikarpov to replace the U-1 simulator (a copy of the British Avro 504), which was known to the Soviet Union as Avrushka. The prototype U-2, powered by 74 kW (99 hp) Shvetsov M-11 with an air-cooled five-cylinder radial engine, first flew on January 7, 1928 under the pilot M.M. Gromov. The pre-production series was tested at the end of 1928, and mass production began in 1929 at the No.23 plant in Leningrad. Its name was changed to Po-2 in 1944, after the death of Polykarpov, according to the then new Soviet naming system, usually using the first two letters of the designer's surname, or the design bureau created by the Soviet government, which created it. Production in the Soviet Union ended in 1953, but the licensed CSS-13 was produced in Poland until 1959. Polykarpov Po-2 replica Operational history A damaged and abandoned Po-2 forced to land in Ukraine and then captured by German troops, 1941. From the very beginning, the U-2 became the main Soviet civil-military simulator, mass-produced at the Red Flyer underside factory. It was also used for transportation and as a military communications aircraft, thanks to its STOL capabilities. Also from the beginning it was produced as a variant of the agricultural aircraft, which his nickname is Kukuruznik. Despite the fact that the Corn's completely surpassed modern aircraft, aircraft, widely on the Eastern Front during World War II, primarily as a communication, medevac and general supply of aircraft. This was especially useful for supplying Soviet guerrillas behind the German front line. Production of Po-2 in the USSR ceased in 1949, but until 1959 in the repair shops of Aeroflot was collected several. The first tests of aircraft armament with bombs took place in 1941. During the defense of Odessa, in September 1941, the U-2 was used as a reconnaissance aircraft and as a light, short-range, bomber. Bombs dropped from a civilian aircraft piloted by Peter Beves were the first to fall on enemy artillery positions. Since 1942 it has been adapted as a light night ground strike aircraft. The project was supported by Nikolai Polikarpov, and under his leadership U-2VS (voyskovaya seriya - Military Series) was created. It was a light night bomber equipped with bombers under the lower wing to carry 50 or 100 kg (110 or 220 pounds) bombs up to a total weight of 350 kg (771 lb) and armed SHKAS or DA machine guns in the observer's cockpit. The 5-cylinder U-2 engine had an unusual exhaust multifaceted arrangement, which gave the engine a kind of rumbling or flapping sound and led to a number of nicknames. The Wehrmacht's troops nicknamed him the Nykhmashina (sewing machine), and Finnish troops called him Ermosah (Nerve saw). The Germans also named it Kaffeemuhle, which literally means coffee grinder, and slang means whirlybird, probably for an engine that can sound like a rotating helicopter blades in flight. The fabric and wooden structure of the aircraft made it extremely vulnerable to fire, resulting in the Russian nickname Kerosinka, or kerosene lantern. The material consequences of these missions can be considered minor, but the psychological impact on the German troops was noticeable. They usually attacked by surprise in the middle of the night, denying German troops sleep and keeping them on guard, contributing to the already high stress of combat on the Eastern Front. Conventional tactics included flying just a few meters above the ground, climbing to the final approach, regulating the engine and adopting a glider-bombing run, leaving the target troops with only the eerie whistling of the wind in the wings of the fastening wire as evidence of an impending attack. The fighters were extremely difficult to shoot down Kukuruznik because of two main factors: the pilots flew at the top of the tree where they were hard to see or engage and stall speed as the Bf 109 and Focke-Wulf Fw 190 were similar to the U-2s of top speed, making it difficult for fighters to keep the Po-2 in range of weapons for a sufficient period. The success of the Soviet units in the night pursuit inspired the Luftwaffe to create similar persecution of Shterkmpstaffel Squadrons on the Eastern Front, using their outdated 1930s , open cockpit biplanes (most commonly Gotha Go 145 and Arado Ar 66 biplanes) and umbrella monoplane aircraft, eventually setting up up large Nachtschlachtgruppe (night strike group) units of several squadrons each. The U-2 became known as the aircraft used by the 588th Night Bomber Regiment, consisting of an all-female pilot and ground crew supplement. The unit is famous for daring little high-altitude night raids on German rear positions. Veteran pilots Ekaterina Ryabova and Nadezhda Popova once made 18 sorties in one night. Female pilots noticed that the enemy suffered from further demoralization simply because their antagonists were women. Thus, the pilots were nicknamed the Night Witch (German Nachthexen, Russian). The unit was to win numerous titles of Hero of the Soviet Union and dozens of medals of the Order of the Red Banner; most of the surviving pilots had flown about 1,000 sorties by the end of the war and took part in the Battle of . The Polish Air Force used these slow and manoeuvrable aircraft for aerial reconnaissance and coin operations against UPA strips in the mountainous area of Biszcadi. The pilots and navigators were sent to find the concentration of the VAZ forces and, if necessary, to use their machine guns and grenades. Several times the UPA managed to shoot down some of the Po-2, but never captured or managed them. North Korean troops used the Po-2 in a similar role during the Korean War. A significant number of two were on the ground by the Korean People's Air Force, causing serious damage during night raids on United Nations bases. In one such attack, a lone Po-2 attacked a Pyongyang airfield in northwest Korea. Focusing on the parking lot of the group's 8th fighter-bomber, the Po-2 dropped a string of shrapnel bombs right through the group lineup of P-51 Mustangs. Eleven mustangs were damaged, three so badly that they were destroyed when Pyongyang was abandoned a few days later. On June 17, 1951, at 01:30, Suwon Air Force Base was bombed by two-by-two. Each biplane dropped a couple of shrapnel bombs. One of them got into the engine pool of the 802nd Engineering Aviation Battalion, damaging some equipment. Two bombs exploded on the flight line of the 335th Fighter Squadron of Interceptors. One F-86A Sabre (FU-334 / 49-1334) was struck by a wing and began to burn. The fire engulfed, gutting the plane. The quick actions of the personnel, who had driven the plane away from the burning Sabli, prevented further casualties. Eight other Sabres were injured in the brief attack, four seriously. One F-86 pilot was among the injured. The North Koreans later attributed Lt. La Won Enka to this devastating attack. U.N. forces call night appearance Po-2 Bedcheck Charlie and difficulty in shooting it down - although night fighters were radar as standard equipment in the 1950s. The Po-2 wood-tissue material had only a small radar cross-section, which fades for the enemy pilot to acquire its target. How Korean U.S. war veteran Leo Fournier remarked about Charlie's Bedcheck in his memoir: ... no one could get to him. It just flew too low and too slow. On June 16, 1953, the USMC AD-4 of VMC-1, piloted by Major George H. Linnemeier and CWO Vernon S. Kramer, shot down the Soviet biplane Polycarpov Po-2, the only documented Skyraider aircraft. The Po-2 is also the only biplane credited with documenting the jet kill, as one Lockheed F-94 Starfire was lost while slowing down to 161 km/h (100 mph) - below its stall speed - during an intercept in order to engage the low-flying Po-2. U-2 Options: A basic model built in large numbers as a two-seater head coach. It was also built in various versions, both civilian and military aircraft. U-2 variants also included light transport, utility, reconnaissance and training aircraft. The power plant was the M-11 radial piston engine with a capacity of 75 kW (100 hp). Later models were also equipped with M-11 111 kW (150 hp) engines. Some aircraft were equipped with a rear closed cockpit, while others were equipped with sleighs or floats. U-2A: Two-seater agricultural dust plane operating on the M-11K radio engine with a capacity of 86 kW (115 hp). Later, po-2A was redesigned after 1944. U-2AO: Two-seater agricultural aircraft. U-2AP: Agricultural aircraft, with rear cockpit replaced by a container for 200-250 kg (441-551 lb) chemicals. 1235 were built in 1930-1940. U-2G: This experimental aircraft had all the controls associated with the controller. Just one plane. U-2KL: Two aircraft equipped with a convex canopy above the rear cockpit. U-2LSh: Double ground attack, support aircraft. The aircraft was armed with a single 7.62 mm (0.30 inch) SHKAS machine gun in the rear cockpit. It can also carry up to 120 kg (265 pounds) of bombs and four RS-82 missiles. Also known as U-2VOM-1. U-2LPL: Experimental research aircraft. U-2M: This version of the float was equipped with a large central float and two small stabilizing floats. Not built in large quantities. Also known as MU-2. U-2P: Floatplane version, built only in limited quantities, in several variants with different designations. U-2S: Ambulance version built since 1934. It can take a doctor and the injured on a stretcher on the rear fuselage, under the lid. The 1939 U-2S-1 variant had the top of the fuselage on a stretcher. Since 1941, two For stretchers that can be installed over the lower wings or two containers for two injured seats each installed under the lower wings. U-2SS: Air ambulance. U-2ShS: Personnel communications version built from out It had a wider fuselage and a closed 4th seat rear cabin. U-2SP: Civil transport version, could carry two passengers in open individual cabins, built from 1933. Other roles included aerial photography and aerial photography. A total of 861 were built between 1934 and 1939. U-2SPL: This version of the limousine was equipped with a rear cockpit for two passengers. U-2UT: A two-seater training aircraft powered by an M-11D radio engine with a capacity of 86 kW (115 hp). Built in limited quantities. U-2LNB: Somewhat similar to an earlier version - LSh, a two-seater night-long version of the Soviet Air Force attack, built in 1942. Armed with one 7.62 mm (0.30 inch) SHKAS for rear defense, plus up to 250 kg of bombs under the wings for ground support. Previously, the planes were converted into homemade bombers since 1941. U-2VS : Double training aircraft. The Po-2VS was later redesigned after 1944. U-2NAK: Double night artillery surveillance, reconnaissance aircraft. Built in 1943. U-3: Improved flying training model equipped with a seven-cylinder M-48 radial engine with a capacity of 149 kW (200 hp). U-4: Clean version with thinner fuselage; not built in large quantities. - (Total U-2 production: 33000) Po-2: Post-war base version of the coach. Po-2A: Post-war agricultural version. Po-2GN: Voice propaganda aircraft from the sky, equipped with a loudspeaker. Po-2L : Limousine version with closed passenger cabin. Po-2P : Post-war version of the float; built in small quantities. Po-2S: A post-war version of an air ambulance, with a closed rear cockpit. Po-2S-1: A post-war version of the ambulance similar to the pre-war U-2S. Po-2S-2: A post-war version of the ambulance powered by the M-11D radial piston engine. Po-2S-3: A post-war version of the ambulance that had two concealed containers, each designed to carry one patient stretcher. Also known as Po-2SKF. Po-2ShS: Aircraft communications personnel equipped with a closed cockpit for the pilot and two or three passengers. Po-2SP: Post-war aerial photography, geographic survey aircraft. RV-23: This version of the U-2 float aircraft was built in 1937. It has been used in a number of attempts to record the height of the seaplane. The RV-23 was powered by a 529 kW (710 hp) Wright R-1820-F3 Cyclone radial piston engine. CSS-13: Polish license version built in Poland in VSK-Okec and VSK-Mileek after World War II (about 500 built in 1948-1956). CSS S-13: Polish version of the ambulance with a closed rear cabin and cabin and a Townend ring (53 built in VSK-Okesi in 1954-1955, 38 converted into S-13). E-23: A research version built in the Soviet Union in 1934 to study an upturned flight. Operators Po-2 operators U-2LNB night strike Polish 2nd Night Bomber Regiment Krakow (at the Polish Aviation Museum) Polykarpov Po-2 with Yugoslav markings, Aviation Museum in Belgrade, Serbia Albanian Air Force received 78 aircraft between 1950-1966 and operated them until 1985. Bulgarian Air Force - 10 10 In 1949-1969 the civil aviation of the People's Liberation Army of China OF THE Air Force, designated as K-62 Slov-Air Finland Finnish Air Force France Free French AIR Force operated Po-2s in the Normandy-Nimen unit. Germany's Luftwaffe operated the captured Beuteflugzeug aircraft. East Germany Barracked The People's Police of East Germany Air Force Sports and Technology Association hungarian Air Force Hungarian Sports Bureaus operated some aircraft before the Hungarian revolution of 1956; Three confirmed were in Dunaksesi, one confirmed in the Kisaspostage. (quote necessary) Laos Patet Lao - Mongolia MIAT Mongolian Air Force Mongolian People's Army Of North Korea Air Force Polish Air Force Polish Air Force (after 1947 Polish Air Force) LOT Polish Airlines - Five Po-2 operated in 1945-1946, 20 CSS-13 for aeronautical prayer in 1953-1956. Aeroklub Polski Polish Air Ambulance Service of the Polish Navy Air Force Romania received 45 aircraft in 1949 The Civil Aviation of the Soviet Union Air Of the Soviet Union Aeroflot OSOAVIAKhIM DOSAAF Turkish Air League (Turk Hava Kurumu) received two U-2s, which were handed over to Turkey as a gift from Russia in 1933 on the occasion of the 10th anniversary of the Turkish Republic of Turkey. SOUTHSLAWSKe Air Force SFR - 120 aircraft in 1944-1959 1st Transport Aviation Regiment (1944-1948) 1st Training and Aviation Regiment (1945-1952) 2nd Training Aviation Regiment (2nd Training Aviation Regiment (2nd 1946-1948) 184th Light Night Bomber Aviation Squadron (1948-1952) Communications Squadron 1st Military District (1952-1959) Communications Squadron 3rd Military District (1952-1959) 1952-1959) Communications Squadron of the 5th Military District (1952-1959) Communications Squadron of the 7th Military District (1952-1959) Communications Squadron of the 3rd Air Corps (1950-1950-950-1959)1956) Letalski Center Maribor (Civil Operator) Surviving aircraft Croatia 9A-ISC - Po-2 S/N 27 flight-ready at Split Airport in Split, Croatia Czech Republic SP-BHA - CSS-13 at a static exhibition at the Prague Aviation Museum in Prague. It was built in 1955 as the original prototype of the CSS-13 and delivered to the museum in 1972 as a gift from Poland. The quote is necessary 0076 - Po-2 at the Museum of Aviation Methodey Vlah in Mlada Boleslaw. It was built in 1937 and handed over to the Yugoslav Republic in 1945. He served in the Yugoslav army and then at the Koroshka Aeroclub, and in May 2014 was acquired by the museum. It is painted in the original Soviet military scheme. Hungary HA-PAO - On-2 airworthiness with the Goldtimer Foundation at Budaers Airport in Budapest, central Hungary. It is on loan from the Hungarian Transport Museum. 0443 - CSS-13 on a static display at the Museum of the Plane of the Solnock in Solnoch, Yash-Nagykun-Solnok. Poland 641-646 - Po-2LNB at a static exhibition at the Polish Aviation Museum in Krakow, Maly Russia Po-2 airworthiness in Samara, RA-1945G Po-2 airworthiness in Gelendzhik, RA-0624G Po-2 flying in Novosibirsk, Mochly (UNNM) RA-2508G Po-2 airworthiness in Novosibirsk, Mochly (UNNM) RA-1928G Po-2 flight- mixed on Moscow RA-0790G with the Federation of Amateur Pilots of Russia at Tushino Airfield in Moscow. Serbia YAF 0089 - Po-2 at a static exhibition at the Belgrade Aviation Museum in Surchin, Belgrade. United Kingdom 0094 - on-2 with the Shuttleworth collection in old Guardian, Bedfordshire. His first flight since recovery took place on January 10, 2011. U.S. 0365 - 2 on Fantasy Of Flight in Polk City, Florida. 2 at the Military Aviation Museum in Virginia Beach, Virginia. 641543 - On-2, flight year at the Museum of Combat Armor in Everett, Washington. [32] [33] Specifications (U-2) Data from[citation needed]General characteristics Crew: 2 Length: 8.17 m (26 ft 10 in) Wingspan: 11.4 m (37 ft 5 in) Height: 3.1 m (10 ft 2 in) Wing area: 33.2 m2 (357 sq ft) Empty weight: 770 kg (1,698 lb) Gross weight: 1,030 kg (2,271 lb) Max takeoff weight: 1,350 kg (2,976 lb) Powerplant: 1 × Shvetsov M-11D 5-cylinder air-cooled radial piston engine, 93 kW (125 hp) Propellers: 2-bladed fixed-pitch propeller Performance Maximum speed: 152 km/h (94 mph, 82 kn) Cruise speed: 110 km/h (68 mph, 59 kn) Range: 630 km (390 mi, 340 nmi) Service ceiling: 3,000 m (9,800 ft) Rate of climb: 2.78 m/s (547 ft/min) Wing loading : 41 kg/m2 (8.4 lb/sq ft) Power/mass : 0.060 kW/kg (0.036 hp/lb) Armament (U-2VS / L NB only) Weapons: One 7.62×54mmR (0.30 in) SCAS Machine Gun Bombs: Six 50 kg (110 lb) bombs See also aircraft comparable role, configuration, and the era of Avro Tutor BH 131 Gotha Go 145 Levente II Related Lists List of Interwar Military Aircraft List of World War II Aircraft List List of Soviet Union Military Aircraft Links Notes - The Soviets later used kukuruznik as a nickname of Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev, known for advocating indiscriminate corn planting throughout the Soviet Union, and also for the An-2, a plane with similar characteristics. (quote is necessary) quotes - Bargatinov, Valery. Moscow , 2005. b c d Soviet Polykarpov U-2 bomber, trainer; Polykarpov Po-2 Bomber, Coach. Archive 2014-07-03 on the wwiivehicles.com. Received: November 30, 2012. Gunston 1995, page 292. a b Angelucci and Matrixi 1978, page 214. U 2 Po 2 (permanent dead connection) Flight century. Received: November 30, 2012. a b Gordon 2008, page 285. Grossman 2007, page 133. Handler, M.S., United Press, Russia's New Secret Weapon, revealed as an old-style training ship: boxes glide across the sky, blow up the Nazis; Planes help write history on the Eastern Front despite slow speeds, San Bernardino Sun, San Bernardino, California, Saturday October 10, 1942, Volume 49, p. 4. Miles 1997 (page necessary) - Kurs bojowy Bieszczady, 1971. Dorr 2003, page 50. - American Aviation Historical Society, 30. Greer, Peter. April 15, 1953. Air Force Magazine, Air Force Association, June 2011, page 57. Historical lists. Archive 2012-07-16 on wayback machine worldairforces.com. Received: August 18, 2010. Hales, John. Types of Aircraft of the Bulgarian Air Force - all the time listing . Archive 2008-01-22 at Wayback Machine Aeroflight.co.uk, November 10, 2005. Received: May 29, 2008. Joshka, Adam. Planes of the lines of the 1945- 1956. Warsaw: VKIZ, 1985. ISBN 83-206-0529-6. - Yugoslav Air Force 1942-1992, Bojan Dimitrijevic, Belgrade 2006 - Polykarpov Po-2 (U-2) Corn: Letun Norchnich. Leteke Museum Methode Vlaha (in Czech). Received on October 9, 2018. Polykarpov Po-2. The Goldtimer Foundation. The Goldtimer Foundation. Received on May 2, 2017. By-2 (CSS-13). Repulameseum Solnock (in Hungarian). Received on May 2, 2017. Légijárművek Ofltar. Repulameseum Solnock (in Hungarian). Received on May 2, 2017. Plane: Polykarpov Po-2LNB. Polish Aviation Museum. NeoServer. Received on May 2, 2017. Ogden 2009, page 470. Polykarpov Po-2. Belgrade Aeronautical Museum. Aeronavigation Museum-Belgrade. Archive from the original on April 5, 2016. Received on May 2, 2017. POLYCARPS PO2. Shuttleworth. Shuttleworth. Received on May 2, 2017. GINFO (G-BSSY) search results. Civil Aviation Authority. Received on May 2, 2017. Shuttleworth 'Mule' starts kicking. FlyPast, Volume 354, January 2011. 1954 Polycarpov PO-2. The fantasy of flying. The fantasy of flying. Received on May 2, 2017. FAU REGISTRY (N50074). Federal Aviation Administration. U.S. Department of Transportation. Received on May 2, 2017. World War II - Planes. Museum of Military Aviation. Museum of Military Aviation. Archive from the original on October 9, 2013. Received on May 2, 2017. FAU REGISTRY (N3602). Federal Aviation Administration. U.S. Department of Transportation. Received on May 2, 2017. Polykarpov U-2/Po-2. Flight Heritage - Museum of Combat Armor. Friends of the flying heritage. Archive from the original on April 19, 2017. Received on May 2, 2017. FAU REGISTRY (N46GU). Federal Aviation Administration. U.S. Department of Transportation. Received on May 2, 2017. Bibliography by Angelucci, Enzo and Paolo Matricardi. Planes of the World: World War II, Volume II (Sampson Low Guides). Maidenhead, United Kingdom: Sampson Lowe, 1978. ISBN 0-562-00096-8. Bargatinov, Valery. Wings of Russia. Moscow: Exmo, 2005. ISBN 5-699-13732-7. Dorr, Robert F. B-29 Superfortress units of the Korean War. Botley, Oxford, United Kingdom: Osprey Publishing, 2003. ISBN 1-84176- 654-2. Gordon Soviet aviation in the world 2. Hersham-Surrey, United Kingdom: Midland Publishing, 2008. ISBN 978-1-85780-304-4. Gunston, Bill. Encyclopedia of Russian Osprey aircraft 1875-1995. London: Osprey, 1995. ISBN 1-85532-405-9. Keskinen, Kalevi et al. Suomen ilmavoimien story 13 - Syoxypommittajat. (in Finnish) Forssa, Finland: Tietoteos, 1989. ISBN 951-9035-42-7. Miles, Bruce. Night Witches: The Amazing Story of Russian Female Pilots in World War II. Chicago, Illinois: Chicago Academy Publishers, 1997. ISBN 0-89733-288-1. Ogden, Bob. Aviation museums and collections of continental Europe (2nd edition). Toonbridge, Kent, United Kingdom: Air-Britain (Historians), 2009. ISBN 978-0-85130-418-2. Shevchik, Witold. Aircraft wielozadaniowy Po-2 (TBiU #74) (in Polish). Warsaw, Poland: Wydawnictwo MON, 1981. ISBN 83-11-06668-X. Velek, Martin. Polikarpov U-2/Po-2 (bilingual Czech/English). Prague, Czech Republic: MBI, 2002. ISBN 8086524027 Grossman, Basil. Writer of War: Vasily Grossman with the Red Army 1941-1945. New York: Vintage Books, 2007. ISBN 978-0307275332. External references to the Commons have media related to Polycarp Po-2. Vintage World War II Soviet wartime winter flight video Po-2s Po-2 Video from MAKS-2007 Shuttleworth restored By-2 flight demo Kermit Weeks' restored Po-2 flight video extracted from war thunder po2. how to get po-2 war thunder

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