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Bilingualism in the Judiciary ______ Case Law Document on Bilingualism in the Judiciary ____________________________________ Prepared by Anne-Marie Brien, student in Civil Law ∙Research completed on August 27, 2013 Case Law Document on Bilingualism in the Judiciary This Case law document was created to help lawyers find cases pertaining to linguistic obligations of the judiciary. 2 By Anne-Marie Brien, Student August 28, 2013 Case Law Document on Bilingualism in the Judiciary LEGISLATION TABLE OF CONTENTS Section 16 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms ..................................................... 9 I. Civil Matters .................................................................................. 12 i. Obligations Applicable to Federal Institutions .................................... 12 Section 133 of the Constitution Act, 1867 .................................................................................. 13 Paragraph 19. (1) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and part III of the Official Languages Act ................................................................................................................ 26 ii. Obligations Applicable to Provincial Institutions ................................ 41 a. Quebec .............................................................................................................41 Section 133 of the Constitution Act, 1867 .................................................................................. 41 Chapter III of the Charter of the French Language ................................................................. 54 b. Ontario ............................................................................................................56 Courts of Justice Act .................................................................................................................... 56 c. Western Provinces ..........................................................................................60 Alberta .....................................................................................................................61 Languages Act .............................................................................................................................. 61 Saskatchewan .........................................................................................................70 Language Act ............................................................................................................................... 70 Manitoba .................................................................................................................71 Section 23 of the Manitoba Act, 1870 ......................................................................................... 71 British Columbia ....................................................................................................76 “1731 Act” and Rule 22-3 of the Supreme Court Civil Rules ................................................... 76 d. Atlantic Provinces ..........................................................................................82 New Brunswick .......................................................................................................82 Section 16.1 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and Sections 3 to 5 of the Official Languages Act of New Brunswick ................................................................................ 83 3 By Anne-Marie Brien, Student August 28, 2013 Case Law Document on Bilingualism in the Judiciary Paragraph 19.(2) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and Sections 16 to 26 of the Official Languages Act of New Brunswick ......................................................................... 86 Nova Scotia .............................................................................................................96 French-language Services Act..................................................................................................... 96 e. Territories .......................................................................................................97 Northwest Territories ............................................................................................97 Official Languages Act, section 110 of the North-West Territories Act and Judicature Act 97 Yukon ......................................................................................................................97 Languages Act .............................................................................................................................. 97 Nunavut .................................................................................................................105 Official Languages Act .............................................................................................................. 105 Section 110 of the North-West Territories Act and section 12 of the Consolidation of Official Languages Act of the Northwest Territories ........................................................................... 105 Official Languages Policy (Northwest Territories) ................................................................ 106 II. Criminal Matters ......................................................................... 106 Jury Act .................................................................................................................134 Quebec ...............................................................................................................134 Alberta ...............................................................................................................134 Saskatchewan ...................................................................................................134 Manitoba ...........................................................................................................135 New Brunswick .................................................................................................135 Prince Edward Island ......................................................................................135 Newfoundland and Labrador .........................................................................135 Northwest Territories ......................................................................................136 Yukon ................................................................................................................136 4 By Anne-Marie Brien, Student August 28, 2013 Case Law Document on Bilingualism in the Judiciary CASE LAW TABLE OF CONTENTS Section 16 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms ..................................................... 9 Reference re Secession of Quebec, [1998] 2 S.C.R. 217 ................................................................ 9 Conseil scolaire francophone de la Colombie-Britannique v. British Columbia, [2013] SCC 4211 I. Civil Matters .................................................................................. 12 i. Obligations Applicable to Federal Institutions ..........................................12 Section 133 of the Constitution Act, 1867 .................................................................................. 13 Interpretation .............................................................................................................................. 14 R v. Beaulac, [1999] 1 S.C.R. 768 ................................................................................................ 14 Decisions relevant to Section 133 ............................................................................................... 16 MacDonald v. City of Montreal, [1986] 1 S.C.R. 460 ................................................................... 16 Attorney General of Quebec v. Blaikie et al., [1981] 1 S.C.R. 312 .............................................. 22 Att. Gen. of Quebec v. Blaikie et al., [1979] 2 R.C.S. 1016.......................................................... 23 Morand c. Québec (Procureur général), [2000] QCCA 2218 (French version only) .................. 24 Paragraph 19. (1) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and part III of the Official Languages Act ................................................................................................................ 26 Interpretation .............................................................................................................................. 27 R v. Beaulac, [1999] 1 S.C.R. 768 ................................................................................................ 27 Charlebois v. Moncton (City), [2001] NBCA 117 ........................................................................ 29 Decisions relevant to paragraph 19.(1) before the adoption of the Official Language Act .. 31 Société des Acadiens v. Assn. of Parents for Fairness in Education, [1986] 1 R.C.S. 549 ........... 31 Decisions relevant to para. 19.(1) of the Charter and part III of the Official Languages Act ....................................................................................................................................................... 37 Taire v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration), [2003] CF 877............................... 37 Devinat v. Canada (Immigration and Refugee Board), [2000] 2 CF 212 (French version only) . 38 Belair v. Canada (Solicitor general), [2000] A.C.F. 199 ............................................................. 40 5 By Anne-Marie Brien, Student August 28, 2013 Case Law Document on Bilingualism in
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