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Using RTF Codes in ODS RTF Outputs Rachabattula, Sriharsha, Covance Inc

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Using RTF Codes in ODS RTF Outputs Rachabattula, Sriharsha, Covance Inc NESUG 2010 Posters Using RTF codes in ODS RTF outputs Rachabattula, Sriharsha, Covance Inc. ABSTRACT: ODS RTF is a powerful tool. It is capable of directing the output results produced by SAS® procedures to an RTF file by converting the output results in Rich Text Format (RTF) that are compatible to view in various word processing packages including Microsoft Word and WordPerfect. But not all output results produced by SAS® procedures are ready for viewing in word processing packages in the format that we want so to help create Rich Text Format PROC TEMPLATE and STYLE statements are often used. In addition to PROC TEMPLATE and STYLE statements, RTF codes can also be used; but how, what and where about RTF codes are not often known to all SAS programmers. In this paper, tips learned from experiences will be presented to help SAS® programmers in understanding the RTF codes and creating ODS RTF output results in Rich Text Format using RTF codes with and without in conjunction with PROC TEMPLATE and STYLE statements. All techniques were developed and tested under SAS® System Version 9.1. INTRODUCTION: The Rich Text Format (RTF) Specification is a method of encoding formatted a text and graphics for easy transfer between applications. The RTF Specification provides a format for text and graphics interchange that can be used with different output devices, operating environments, and operating systems. RTF uses the ANSI, PC-8, Macintosh, or IBM PC character set to control the representation and formatting of a document, both on the screen and in print. With the RTF Specification, documents created under different operating systems and with different software applications can be transferred between those operating systems and applications.1 Note: RTF is case sensitive, and all RTF codes must be in lowercase, unless otherwise mentioned. Note: Some of the techniques presented here can also be achieved by other means ODS RTF OUTPUT: Creating a simple ODS RTF output is a simple process. Just few lines of code are required to send the SAS results to a destination that is in Rich Text Format (RTF). ods rtf file="C:\RTFreport.rtf"; ① proc print data=RTFdemo1; run; ods rtf close; ② The first statement ① with prefix ”ods“ specifies the file location for ODS to send the results and also opens the specified RTF destination file. SAS output generated by the next statements will be sent to this file until the statement ② is invoked to save and close the RTF file. During this process the RTF destination file will be overwritten if it already exists; otherwise a new RTF file is created as specified in the first statement resulting in a file that can be viewed using Microsoft Word and WordPerfect. ODS STYLE TEMPLATE: As simple as it sounds in creating RTF files using ODS RTF statements, ODS RTF is a complex tool, when mastered it can be used to design outputs that are well organized with a fabulous look. Assisting ODS RTF is ODS Style Template that can be used to modify your own output style including color, fonts, spacing, borders, etc. Though ODS Style Template created using the PROC TEMPLATE procedure makes it simpler in defining your own style, there are some things that can be achieved in conjunction with RTF codes or by replacing the ODS Style with RTF codes, and there are also other things that can only be achieved using RTF codes. 1 NESUG 2010 Posters This paper provides some of the RTF codes that might help you in achieving the ODS RTF output that you wanted. Basic Template Procedure: To assist you further, below is the basic template procedure that defines ODS Style. libname RTFlib "<location path>"; ods path RTFlib.RTFstyle(update) sashelp.tmplmst(read); proc template; define style RTFlib.RTFstyle; parent = Styles.RTF; replace fonts / 'TitleFont' = ("Times Roman",10pt,Bold ) 'TitleFont2' = ("Times Roman",10pt,Bold Italic) 'StrongFont' = ("Times Roman",10pt,Bold) 'headingFont' = ("Times Roman",10pt,Bold) 'docFont' = ("Times Roman",10pt) 'footFont' = ("Times Roman",10pt) 'FixedStrongFont' = ("Times Roman",9pt,Bold) 'FixedHeadingFont' = ("Times Roman",9pt,Bold) 'FixedFont' = ("Times Roman",9pt); style Table from Table / rules = groups frame = below rules = groups outputwidth = 100% cellpadding = 3pt cellspacing = 0pt borderwidth = .75pt; replace Body from Document / bottommargin = 1.0in topmargin = 1.0in rightmargin = 1.0in leftmargin = 1.0in protectspecialchars = off; replace HeadersAndFooters from Cell / font = fonts('docFont') foreground = colors('datafg') background = colors('databg') protectspecialchars = off; replace SystemFooter from TitlesAndFooters / font_size = 8pt font = fonts('docFont') just = L protectspecialchars = off; style usertext from usertext / outputwidth = 6in; style systemtitle from systemtitle / protectspecialchars = off ; end; run; quit; ods path sashelp.tmplmst(read); 2 NESUG 2010 Posters To make the above Style Template available for ODS RTF the following statements are required. ods path RTFlib.RTFstyle (read) sashelp.tmplmst(read); ods rtf file="C:\RTFreport.rtf" style = RTFlib.RTFstyle; RTF SYNTAX: An RTF file consists of unformatted text, control words, control symbols, and groups. For example in the RTF code ‘\b\qc’ the ‘\’ is a control symbol, ‘qc’ or ‘b’ are control words and the combination of these two is called the group ‘\b\qc’. Note: Another control symbol that is used in this paper is ‘{’ in addition to ‘\’. Note: RTF is case sensitive, and all RTF codes must be in lowercase, unless otherwise mentioned. Report Procedure: The following report procedure code is used as a basic code in this paper: ods rtf file="C:\RTFreport.rtf"; proc report data=work.data headskip missing headline spacing=2 nowd norkeys center split='|' wrap ; column pageit (col1 col2 col3 col4); define pageit / group noprint; define col1 / display 'Timepoint'; define col2 / display 'Group 1 ' center; define col3 / display 'Group 2 ' left; define col4 / display 'Group 3 ' right; compute before pageit; line '' ; endcomp; compute after pageit; line '' ; endcomp; compute before _page_ ; line "Table 1" ; line "This is demo report." ; endcomp; compute after _page_ ; line "source: demo1.sas" ; endcomp; run; ods rtf close; 3 NESUG 2010 Posters COLUMN HEADER TEXT ALIGNMENT RTF CODES: Text placement inside the table cell for an entire column can be achieved by using center, left or right options within the PROC REPORT DEFINE statement, as mentioned above. The default is left justified for character variable and right justified for numeric variable if center, left or right options is not specified. define col1 / display "\qj Time Point" center; define col2 / display '\qc Group 1' center; define col3 / display '\ql Group 2' left; define col4 / display '\qr Group 3' right; Note: The grey lines in the examples shown in this paper are the table cell boundaries in the RTF file and will not be printed. While the option within the PROC REPORT DEFINE statement solves the text alignment inside the table cell for the entire column, notice that the column headers are not aligned. At this point RTF codes help in text placement to column header align with the rest of the cells in the column. define col1 / display "\qj Time Point"; define col2 / display '\qc Group 1'; define col3 / display '\ql Group 2'; define col4 / display '\qr Group 3'; In the above code ‘\qj' is for justified, '\qc' is for center, '\ql' is for left and '\qr' is for right. COLUMN HEADER TEXT FORMAT RTF CODES: Text font styles like bold, italic or underline of entire column can be achieved using the ODS Style statement. define col2 / display '\qc Group 1' center style={font_weight=bold}; But if font style of certain text or word within table needs to be changed then using ODS Style can not be achieved; instead RTF codes can be used. 4 NESUG 2010 Posters define col1 / display "Time Point\super #" Left; define col2 / display '\b\qc Group\b0 1' center; define col3 / display '\i\ql Group\i0 2\sub a' left; define col4 / display '\ul\qr Group\ul0 3' right; In the above code '\b\qc' gives bold and center position to the text. Using '\b' gives bold text only. This combination of RTF codes is called a group and a group can have multiple RTF codes. And also notice that ‘\b0’, ‘\i0‘, and ‘\ul0‘ are used to turn off the respective formats. \b – to turn on bold and \b0 – to turn off bold \i – to turn on italic and \i0 – to turn off italic \ul – to turn on underline and \ul0 – to turn off underline \super – to superscript text \sub – to subscript text \nosupersub – to turn off subscript or subscript COLUMN(S) TEXT INDENTATION RTF CODES: Text indentation can be done using RTF codes. Text indentation within a selected cell can be done using COMPUTE statement in PROC REPORT: compute col1; if col1:'Visit' then call define(_col_, "STYLE", "STYLE=[protectspecialchars=off pretext='\ql\li250 ']"); endcomp; In the above code ‘\liN ‘ is to left indent (N is numeric value and the default is 0). Other options that correspond with the above code are: \fiN – First-line indent (N is numeric value and the default is 0). \liN – Left indent (N is numeric value and the default is 0). \riN – Right indent (N is numeric value and the default is 0). ROW(S) TEXT FORMAT RTF CODES: Applying text formatting RTF codes for an entire selected row can be done using the COMPUTE statement in PROC REPORT. 5 NESUG 2010 Posters compute col3; if col3=>65 then call define(_row_, "STYLE", "STYLE=[protectspecialchars = off pretext='\b\ul ' posttext='\b0\ul0 ']"); endcomp; TEXT FORMAT (WITHIN CELL(S)) RTF CODES: Applying text formatting RTF codes for selected cell(s) can be done using the COMPUTE statement in PROC REPORT. In the following examples below, the value in ‘Group 2’ and the corresponding ‘Time Point’ will be formatted/ tagged/ highlighted if and when the value exceeds or is equal to 65.
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