~he JOUI nat of
f RECORDING' THE' ELECTRICAL' ERA
VOL. XXX WASHINGTON. D. C., APRIL, 1931 NO.4 Dollars The Bargain No Wife Wants And For Which Every Wife Is Grateful
There is one bargain yOUI' wife does not want. She does not wfint you to die in orelel' thai Hhc may collect your life insurance money. Yet, if she should be deprived suddenly of your support, she would be grateful for the provision YOll had made for her comfort when you invest.ed in this insurance protection.
A member of un I. B. E. W. Localliied suddenly, after having paid only one premium of eighty-five cents on a group life insurance policy in the Union Cooperative. The full amount of Lhe policy was immediately paid to his wife. It was a bargain she had not desired-but she was grale ful, since. with the exception of another very small paHey. it was all the money she had to help her mCf> t her immediate expenses.
Are you going to take care of your wife in the futul'e as well as in the present? Either through a group lire insurance policy in your Local Union, 01' with individual insurance, we can help you provide for hc\' financial J))'otecUon, The importnnt thing is to do it now.
~~~ ~l
Write u~ and let u~ furnish you with com plete infonnaUon about our val'ious policics. Union Cooperative Insurance Associa tion
Home Office : 1200 Fifteenth Street, N. W. Washington, D. C. ,
OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE Magazine Chal INTERNATIONAL One of tbe satisfying faets about American pninting is ELECTRICAL WORKERS AND OPERATORS thnt it 1ft beginning to record indul:Itrilll lICenes - the real PUBLISHED MONTHL Y America. The murals of ThomaR Hart Benton nrc a G. M. BUGNIAZET, Editor, 1200 15th Street N. W .o W u hinllon, D . C. calle in point. These adorn the modern building of the NeYl' School for Social Re~earch, Thi. Jo.rnal will not be. held retpon,ible f or .ie.1 .,.preued by New York City, a building corre.pondenh. which, in itself, strikell n new The li n t of .. aeh month i. t be dOlin, d.te; .11 copy mUlt be in our note in architecture. hand on Or before.
EXECUTIVE OFJ-'I CEIIS Railroadl ~ C. J. MCG1,oo,,"N Through the courtesy of the Jlamm Bldg., St. Paul. Minn. New School for Social Hesearch [nternatlonal Pruldent, fl. 11 . SROAC " . this J ournal is to reproduee 1200 lfith St" N. W., Wa.hlngton, INTERNATIONAL certain of these murals. "City D. C. EXECUTIVE COUNCil. Building" appenl'S in thia is International Secretary, G. M. Buo CRAS. P. FOIW, C.\GiMll4I1 aue. Benton has a philollophie NU.:u:T. 1200 16th St., N. W., W ..h. 1200 16th St., N. W., Waahhlrton, D. C. grlUlp on Ameriun life that Inrton, D. C. few art.lllts have. ne seell It Fi"'t DEllrkl G. W. WIIITrORO Intern.tional Trulurer, W. A. H()(:AI(. in ita entirety, and he lICell it 1617 Third Ave., New York. N. Y. 647 South Sutl. Ave., Alt. Vernon. calmly. as it ill. N. Y. Second Dinrlet F. L. K.EI.1.of:T 95 Btacon St., Hyde Park, M .... VI CE I'RE s mE~TS Third Dbtrlct _ M. P. GORD ... N We have also nrranged with 60? Digelow Dlvd., PiU, burgh, 1' •. certain Washington a rtllts to Firat DI Ilrlet E. I NCLEII Fourth Diltrlet EDW.... D NOTIIN"'(lL.E reproduce their best work. R. R. 3, London, Ont., Can. 110 R St., N. E., W•• hln~n. D. C. Last monlh we published Soeond DI.trid C!!AI!I. KU\ .. Nt.:'f Filth Diltrlct CIIAS. M. P"'ULSEN "Sidetracked" by Lyonll. Thill Box 248, Lynn. Mon. 4919 N. Cuyltr Ave., ChIcago, Ill. month we publish "Alley Third Dlltrl.. ! EDW. F. KLOTER Sixth DI.trlct __ G. C. GADIOI8 Angles" by Barrows. Both of 1200 16th St ., N. W., Washlnrton, D. C. 1532 No. BOlton St., Tul... Okla. them have merit. Fourth Dlalrlet __ARTHtnl Dr.:J'f!O:TT Seventh Diltrlet C. F. OLIVER Box 186, YounglloWll, Ohio IOU King St., Denv.r, Colo. Fifth DiltrEd A. WU..IION Eighth Diltrld _ J. I,. McBRIDE It is a Iact that the best 22 1 S. W. 11lh Ave., Miami. Fla. 166 Jftmea St.. Labor Templo, industrial art in America has Rilth Di strict M. J. BoYL!! W lnnlp~g, Can. been reproduced in these 6900 Jeffery Ave .. Chlt.go, Ill. pages. Max Kalish, Waldemar TBI. f:I'UONE OPERATORS' Rannus, Gerritt A. Beneker. Seyenth District D. W . TJ,ACT DEPARTMENT and now Benton, re~o r d the 250S Yupon Ave., HOUlton, Tex. solemn businelll! of growing Eighth DII.rl<;1 H. W. BELL Pr(!lIldent __ JULIA O'CONNOR grain, .IIUllng ore, building 1617 2nd Ave. S., Great FaUl, Mont. 1110 Tremont Bldg., BOlton, Ma ... houses, making men and sav Ninth Diltrlet ___ R. P. 81tlCAEllTII Secretl'l' MAlty BIIAlIY ing lives in thill commonwealth Pldlle Bldg., San FrandllCo, Calif. 1110 Tremont Bldg., B01ton. Mil ... of OUT'll, and where but in a labor journal should these chroniclell nppear? Content:s P... . • 28 811110n American Dollll" Abroad Mrs. J . C. Miller, Jr., of St. Com m ~ nt by I'retl ldent Broach . • '" R ~~ mployme nt VI~ we1l a. Wo rld Problem . Louis, the wife of a member, Eledrle Wo rk on Dam Two Year, Distant . '" believes that auxiliaries could J oble .. Patient, While BU lln"a Awalh Spark. '" aid mothe", by establishing a WBSO. 80810n, f'ln .. Union ElI:ploli . '" day nut'llCry. where young chil WTAX On Air. Wit h Union Aid • '"' SO dren could be safely left. She We Refuae to Deeer! Our Convlctlona • '" so write •. G. E.'a "lIo .. ae of ~h ll:lc" Now on Wh~la 185 Pt nA!Q nA, Itowardll or Gifla, \VlIIch 7 '" Public Worh P rogram No Panllcea '" Our list of private corre Economic "Iannlne R ~ach" Lttrl,lallv.. Sla~ '" II pondente gTOw. There i8 Pro.. r .... lvea 1I 01d New 'f)-pe of Conference ". IJOmething el:citing about the Mt nci ...... 011 '" ..... 11 ...... PUblh...... Co...... nit U ilL. Wubtnnan. 0 C. '" 170 The Journal 0/ Electrical Workers and Operators April,1931 nAntO CITY Atehlteet'. mod"l of Ihe Klea! nM" ,,~OO.OOO,OOO de.. ~lopme nt In New York Cit,.. I'erbipi mo~ tblll anythIng Iinee the 19211 crub IndlcBtu the IClle of America', future. "rom tbL, THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL WORKERS &OPERATORS Omcial Publ ica tion of the Internalional Brotherhood of tledrica I Workers ,h " I . I " WASHINGTON, D. C., APRIL. 1931 No. 4 28 Billion American Dollars Abroad HE problem of American invest. 4 . Skill ed la bor i. not reeol'nized T ments abroad is still before the Vast sums invested in eve ry a. an importa"t fador in American Senate of the United Stutes. The manuf.cturin ••broad "Iince tbe report of tho Socrotnry of Commerce to la nd of the globe, in excess of war indultri.,. in which Ameriean pro. the Senate, filed Jate in the last session loanl, with potential of harm ducen are mo.t Iiko:ly to take the of Cong-ress, whic h hus just been pub ;nitia.i ... e a re not baaed prim.ril,. Hahed, leaves the problem in a state of abroad, and actual reaction upon inconclusive evidence. The report is markets at home. American On that type o f labor". Note: Thi. entitled " American Branch Factor ies a dmillion il in . e rio,.... o nOid with la bor - foreign labor - Iha rply daims made in the United Stal e. Abroad". It louches only uJlon a na r~ affected. U. S. Department of row and particular segment, namely, that rn ... produdion doel not de· manufacturing. This is regarded, t he Cornrnert;e report, not frank or b ..e lebor. report says, as representing only about conclusive, raises questions with· 5. A l erioul denaer Iiel in the po" one-tenth of Ameri cnn Investments out anlwering them. .ibility that the "bran<:h factory il abroad. inasmuch 115 the amou nt fixed in the hrnnch manufactur ing fi eld is likely to be u l ed (or lupplyin. the $1 ,535,000,000. This brings the total American marke t, unle.. proper of American investments abroad to protedive meAlUrel a re adopt ed" . 2. The report queltioDI Ihe riahl But wh. t protective meal urea have about $1 5,000,000,000 which is ahort of the I'overnmen t to e"amine into been adopted 1 None. Thil i. one about $2,000,000,000 of the sum set up Ihe intimate detail. of bUline .. pol. by Mr. Max Winkler, an investment icy, thou,h eeonomie imperiali.m o( the principal complaio b of authority in this fi eld, in co-Operation h ... provoked as man,. war. a. mili Arneric. n la hor. Arneri""D mODe,. with the American Foreign Polley Asso. tar,. imperialism, and wan .urel,. il exported to .et up r.dorie, Ih.1 ciation. Accepting the figu re of $11,- cOneern the mell who are foreed to exploit fore i,n labor, and then the 000,000,000 as the total of American fil'hl them. cheaper I'ood. are "dumped" at loans, to for eign governments a nd pri. home to uDde r .ell Ameriean .made 3. Mall production-"n Ameri vate in terests, the colossal Bum of $27,· 1I'00d. . Trul,. bUline .. know. n o <:an d i.<:overy-i. beinl' <:ar ried 000,000,000 ind icates the r ich stake the loyaltie •. American republic has in f oreign na· into foreil'n countrie., with modi. tion1;-not () n\y in RUr()p fl, hu t in eVflry fi cation. dictated b,. nation. 1 6. The report "belie ... e." that the natio n of t he globe, save Russia. idiOI,.n<:r •• iu. low wage (ador abroad i. not im· The repor t of the Secretary of Com_ porta nt, beeaule (note the lo,ic) merce states di rectly that it was the pro. the branch factor,. product "",II. Lests of American labor which brought for at lealt the .am .. price a. the the whole question of American branch Ford's Foreign Profits American product in the dom",t;" factories before the nation. T his protest market, and in . ome conl pi.. uou. Speakinl' of profill of American of America n labor formed t.he haSiB of inllance, at a conliderably en· t he Senate resolution, which called for annch faclori.,. :abro:ad. the fol low;na ... tounding para.-raph il hanced pri<:e". Ina, mucb a. the t he present report from the Secretary of Department of Commerce doe. not Co mmerce. The subj ec t of investigation laken from Ihe "Analy tical Re. port on Ford Motor Company, believe it .hould inquire into the is of such importa nce, says the Secrctnry L td., of Engbnd," compiled by of Commerce, that t.h e Department of in t imato quel tion of profitt thil M. J. M ..... han & Co., 61 Broad fa ct prove. nothin,. It i. likely Commerce will "co ntinue the collect ion way, New Yo rk: of current in formation on the lubject.." "An excellent example of the that profill are areater .bro.d th.n The report leaves much to be desired. pOllibilitie. for profit o f Ford at home. It faces aU the questions raised by the bUline .. in E urope i. that of Ford Motor Company of Italy. No reo 7 . Real danger Ii", i., the likeli_ Senate resolution, a nd answers none of hood that " , ooner or later o ur do. them conclusively. It contends that t he porh of Ford of Italy are a ... ail. rneltic indullry wo uld be rellricted questions nrc unanswerable at the pres a ble but a Mil... di.patch to Financial Times, of London, largely to '"pplying the dome.tic ent stage of development of American . t.ted that at a nnu. 1 meetin.- o f commerce. But neither does the report market with fi n i, hed products .nd stockbolden in June, profih for ( for a time, at leal l ) the (oreil'n deny charges raised by labor here and 1929 of 8,3-90,000 we re reported abroad aga inst Jlrll~ent policills, and at on ill capit.1 of 500,000 lire and branch planll, with aquipment and times, when the fallacious logic of the that Itockholdeu at th.t time de_ parh". report is discarded, damag ing admis cided to distribule a dividend It admito "The di videndi to sions are made. A summary of the m.de li p of 1929 prorolo tOll'ether .toc:kholdeu a nd the demand (or with s urplul carried over .in.... report : Amer;"an t e ehnica l me" to r"n the 1923, the date of the ut.bli.h forei,n planll would not off.et the 1. Ameriean br.neh f.elorie. are ment of the ..ompany, of 56,196,. I'aininl' from lower wal'e le ... el. in 000 lire after the .1I0cat;on of di.advanta,e re. ultin, from the forei.-n counlr;e l , Ihoul'h the claim 50.000 to r e .arva. THIS DIVI_ da.. raa.. d dom",tic demand for il m.de Ihat ;n l ome in.ta ncel the DEND WAS EQUAL TO 11,239 % I.bor a nd <:onltruction and then ON THE STOCK." w.l'e .... Ie h.. heen nil ed, b,. from the r"lali ... " leue.,'n, of acti •• Ameri.... n •• ity in the indudrial ce"teu of the 172 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators Apl'il, 1981 Ford Holding Co. (Luxem- to the surprising growth ot American United S tate.". In . ho rt, how f ar burg) ______i. economic imper iali. m accompli. h 19,348,800 foreign utility interests. Chief 01 these in, pre,ent d ay u ne n. ployme nt 1 Ford Motor Co. or italy __ 20,940,000 is the tact that public utilities in the General Italian Edi.!lOn United Stutes have already been highly 8. The r epOrt . Irene. thi. point. developed and grouped into large units It ,how. that an effort wu made t o Electric Corporatlon __ _ 6,160,000 International Telephone & through giant holding companics, and place. t ariff upon Ame r ican p r od· Telegraph ______the experience which American elec· uc tt ma de . broad when imported 60,000,000 Royal Dutch Co. ______trical engineers and financiers have had b.ck home, b ut that that mea.ure 40,000,000 Rumanian Telephone Co. __ 2,000,000 in this country has enabled tltem to give Cai led. T h a t the mea.ure r a iled io leadership abroad. In addition, inves Conlr en i. Ih'en .1 pr oof t La t tbe Spain (Cia. Telephonica Nacional) ______10,000,000 tol'S who have participated in the domes· dan ler doe. not ellilt. Tha t it tic development have beiln well satisfied fa iled in the G rundy Tariff .euion Standard Franco _ Amerl- 2,688,000 with the results a nd, consequently, are i. proof th" t it d ou e .. ilt. caine abroad. [Note: the stress ot profit 9. T he report faib t o p relent 6,· Ger many motive.] u r eo to . how tha t o ur expo rh have " Imp ortant H oldin"l f" lI e n off becau le o f the compe t i Germnn Genornl Electric __ $12,600,000 tion o f our r a ctor;ea a b road . Rhine-Westphalia Power __ 20,000,000 "Amer icnn participation in foreign 10. In eve ry conntry It vi, orou , Saxon Public Work!! ______10,000,000 utility development takes various forms. l e ntime nl ",ain l l Amorican ecO Siemens-Ra lake ______82,666,000 In cascs where the American investor n omic imperia li.m h .. a ri.en , the United Electric Co. of Westphalia ______merely stands in the relation of a credi reporl a dmill, b ut it i. inclined t o 7,500,000 tor to a foreign utility, or holds only a m inimi .. e t h i. . " The r e il • certain minority stock interest, the management Canada a ttitude o f r ne"e on the pa rt o f usually remains in the hands of the or~ o r lani ..e d la bor, in .ome Europe .... Bell Telephone Co. of gani:l:ers of the company. A more deli count r ie., due larlely t o a cert. in Canada ______cate situation exists when American , ulpicion of A mer ican e ffic ien cy $75,000,000 Canadian Pacillc ______26,000,000 capital secures actual control of a eom method.... " Rele"e" i. a ,ood pany. In sueh instances, it has been the word . Famous Playel'll Canadian Corporation ______20,000,000 practice of most United States bankers The flgurea presented by Dr. Max to supply general oversight and engi. Winkler, vlee prelldent, Bertron Gris South America neering experience, while leaving the ac com & Co .• Inc .• tor tho Foreign Policy tual management to eiti7;Cns of the Association, are generally accepted as Electric Bond & Share Co. $18,800,000 country involved. This consideration of International Telephone & national sensibilities has been a]lprcci conclusive. He sayl: Telegraph ______36,618,650 "Making proper allowance for bond ated by countries where American utili ties operate. redemptionl, ninklng.tund operations Ce ntra l Amer ica, Includ in .. Cu t.., "Another important factor in the Cor and repatriatlonl of American t oreil5Jl Me .. ic:o a Dd Welt Indie. inveltmenb, our total stake abroad, at eign public utility field, especially in the beginning of 1031, amounted to Caribbean Oil Co. ______$20,000,000 Germany, is the Public Utility Holding $17,628,264,000.1\1 compared with $16,- Los Mochis Sugar Co. ___ _ 15,000,000 Corporation, sponsored by Harri. 604,052,000 at thc beginning of 1930, Mexican Oil & Coal Co. __ _ 16,000,000 Forbes-American Founders interests. It nnd with $2.626,000,000 at the begin. has joined with the Deutsche Bank und ning of 1!H4." Public utilitics represent a most in· Disconto-GeseUschaft in acquiring sccur· It is Impossible to list all of the large teresting aspect of our economic im ities convertible into a halt interest in holdings of American corporations in per ialism. They arc carrying modern the voting stock of the Westphalia foreign countries; some of the largest methods of management, but often United Electric Power Corporation, one are ns follow!!: car ry reactionary labor polleies as in of the largest companie~ on the conti Cuba. The Index. bulletin of the New nent. The American holding corporation Europe, Exception CermAn y York Trust Company (January, 1931), also has I.l substantial minority interest Europenn Electric Corpor· frankly descrioos some or the IJractices : in the Compagnie Grand Oucnlo O'Elec ation ______$12,900,000 "A numoor of causes hnve contributed tricite Du Luxembourg, and, with its EXPO RTS OF AMERICAN PRODUCTS I NVOLVED IN T H E B RANCH-FACT O RY MOVEMENT E7;port. for the period 1910·1919 [Thousands or dollan] 1910-1914 1921-]926 Conmwdittl (average) (average ) 1926 1927 1928 1929 Automobilel, parts, and accC SlIories. ______24,142 177,164 320,179 388,628 500,117 639,298 Paaaengcr care and trucks. ______·26,293 112,604 22 3,608 278,089 364,936 346,727 Parts (or nll/lcmbly______(t) t 43,781 38,535 41,295 62.421 107,673 Medicinal and pharmaceutical preparations ____ _ 6,801 16,061 19,677 20,103 20,522 21,283 Soap and toilet preparations ______6,941 15,505 17,069 17,170 15,723 16,061 Electrical machinery and apparatus. ______20,856 69,475 85,358 86,1 60 90,780 121,857 Agricultural machinery and implementll ______40,466 51,913 85,499 90,747 116,661 140,801 Industrial machinery. ______78,653 166,625 178,604 200,113 224,804 277,766 Office appliancel ______15,024 23,466 36,311 44,094 48,4G!l 53,7501 Hardware8uppliel) (incl______uding radiaton______and ___plumbing__ __ _ 10.499 10,454 9,959 Hardware ______7,115 11 ,606 18,843 6,474 8,496 8,825 7.820 8,601 !l,830 House-heatingradinwra __ __boilen,______oil______burners, ___and _ 427 815 392 002 I,GD6 2,577 Plumbing lupplies ______-748 1,189 1,237 1,237 1,309 1,486 Phologt'aphic lind projection goods ______7,984 17,802 1 D,419 HI,812 21,476 31,566 • A~HI ..e ro r l·l'hr. 11113 .ad 1014. , Not ' ''own lep, ntety. I Avcu"e tor lIl ~ t Ind t(f.!lI. Not .bown Il'P"utety tn earlier yu n . (Vtll'urCi (rom U. S. Dep.rlment or Commerce.) AP1'il,1991 Tlte Journal 01 Electrical Workers and Operators 173 French associates, controls the Hnion Eledrique Rurale, a company which operates in well diversified communities of France and certain of ih colonie!!. "American participation in German utilities has been increased by the recent purchase by the General Electric Com· pany of the United States, through n subsidiary, of a large stock intereFt in the General Electric Company of Ger· many. This company, in turn, a short time ago, participated with International Telephone and Telegraph Company in forming Standard Elektrizitnets A. G., to group certain small electric power companies. " Further interests in Germany were established this year when the General F.lef'trir- Company of the United States, through the International General Elec· tric Company. purchased the major part of an issue of participating debentures of Siemens and llalske Company, an im· portant German manufacturer of elec. trical machinery. Between the subsi· diaries of the International Standard Electric Company and the slockholdlllgll OlUND !'ALAIS. I'AIIIS of the American Gencral Electric Com. TbL , t;(ILII ~e lIu i1(lu lM!d MIUly 1.ab,'Ir Mteth'lI:l. pany, there is scarcely an important elec· trical manufacturer in Germany that is "Canadn also has attrllcted a consider the state 01 utility companies after a not financially linked with this country. nble amount of capital from the United limited period, or have placed time limits [Query: who won the war!] States to develop its public utility ser on charters and franchises." " In England, the influence of the vices. Among the larger American com· l1nit.f':d !'it.<\tes is felt in the Utilities panics operating in Canada at the prCII_ Power and Light Corporat.ion, which ent time are the Internat ional Hyd ro· Does Lightning Scatter formed the Greater London and Counties Electric System, the Internnti(lnai Paper Trust, Ltd., controlling nine large elec· nnd Power Company in the east-ern part Poison? tric compnnies operating ill various ill. ot lht: t:ounlQ', tI, ... Aliotucilllt:d Glln ulld Tha t Iight.nine ll1ay Itrlke d,u;d by BOrne dustrial and residential secUons of Eng. Electric Company, chicfly in Nova mystcriou$ rllY or poison as well u by the clt'ctric stroke H.elf wa s suggesled by M. E. land, including areas in snd surrounding Scotia, and the American Common· Mathlaa, well·known French student of Greater London. wealths Power Company in western lightning cffl!(:ts. betore a ret:ent mr.ding or "A somewhat sma I Ie r company Canada. the Academy ot ScieMes In Paril . When financed in the United Slates, nctive in "The power and light COm l)anies of Ilghtnlng hat struck II tree in Il forest, M. South America, is the Intercontinents Japan have made unusually rapid prog· Mathia. argued, obsorver. who see the Ipot Power CompanYI organized two years ress in recent years. Out ot many smnll I!t.erwlrd often report that leaves or ago, which, through subsidiaries, sup· units five SUllcr·powcr systems have been branchu of nearby tren lind other plant. plies light and power U:l 112 citie! in evolved and, from timo to time, these are dead, as though blasted by extreme heat Argentina, Brazil, and Chile. companies have raised funds in the New or by IIOme other my ~ teriou s power. This " Development of the Italian public is quite di stinct from the effectl of lightning York money market to finanCf! further ItaelI In aplitting tree trunk. or in setting utility industry has given rise to a hold· expansion. However, notwithstanding things on lire. Furthermore. this belt of ing company, Italian Superpower, spon· the fact that several large bond issues death surrounding the spot where a light· sored by the Bonbright-Fieid·Glore group have been marketed in this country for ning lIuh has atruck is too broad to be of bankers, which holds substantial in· Japanese utilities, by far till': gCt:ut;;:r blamtd on lI, .. din,,,t elf",," ot the lightnIng. terests, but in no case a majority of the part of their invested capita) has been Two theories aro pouible. One i! that the stock, in many of the important electric secured in Japan itself. int.enll! wave of light or of ultraviolet raya power and light companies and the chief "In II number of instances, particular. which aecompanif:! the lIa$h I. powerful telephone company ot Italy. American Iy in the European countries, American enough to kill the living l~.ves, just u to be too nur l uch a fluh when it strikes may citizens also have important interests in capital wi\l probably always be restricted blind temporarily the eyea of a human vie_ the International Power Securities Cor· to a minority interest because oC unwill_ tim. The otber vossib ility is that lightninc poration, which was formed to acquire ingness on the part or the original own ueatl'R in fhp aurrounding air 10m. unknown selected securities of public utility corn. ers to lose control to foreign elements. chemical wh ich i. a poison. In previous re panics, many of which are concentrated I n addition, many nations havo enacted ports M. Mathias haa l uggested that light. in Italy. legislation calling for the recapture by nlnR IIOmetimes produces in the air an un· k'lnwn (!J[ l'losive sub, tanee prob"bly re spoon. sible for "ba ll lightnin)!"" and rome other AMERICA'S FOREIGN INVESTMENTS mylllerioul etre<:b. PerhapB lome chemical (In thousands of dollars) of this kind forms the Imagined "lightning Region ,Tlln. 1. 1931 .IAn. I, 1930 Jan. I, 1914 pOi,on". Possibly this furplains, t.oo, the 0.:' Europe _._ • . ___ .._ ... _ .• _•• __ • __ ._ tatlon ,, 1 in, t.nces of persons who die by $5.607.332 '13,107,495 $350,000 Jighlr.irg without the bodies showing any Canada · _____ . . _ .... _._._ .. _._._ .. 4,436,011 4,389,000 750,000 .lgn of electric shock. South America _._. ______... _._._ 3,013.935 2,785.825 100,000 C.,,,trul A m.,rica· • ______._ .. ___ . 2,9815,1315 2,036,510 1,200,('100 Australasia _____ . __ _ . . _._ .. _._._._ 005,051 925,837 17fi,000 The character and Qu alifications of th~ Miscellaneous ______. . . _._._ .... _ .• 490,790 450,385 50,000 leade r arc ref[e ~ ted in the men he selech, devel ops nod gsther. around him. Show ,17,528,254 me the lead"- . and I will know his m"o. 'IG,GO~,052 ,2,625,000 Rhow me the men and I will kn(lw their leader. Therefore. to hnv e loyal. e!lident • Includes Cuba, Mexico and West Indies. cm ployee-tle " 10YII] and efficient employer. ( Note: Above figures in thousands ot dollars.) - Arthur W. Newr.omh. 174 The Journal 0/ Electl-real lVorlcers and Opcl'ators April, 19JI COMMENT • By PRESIDENT BROACH E hear men say: "That fellow isn't consist Don't go west. Stay away from Boulder Dam. W ent," Well. suppose he isn't. In a world The contract for the permanent electrical work of changing conditions-- "Nolhin l' ;n W a ll S t reet ;mpre ..ed me mo re tha n the pe rfe ctly stupen doul mi. taku t hat a re m a de by eve n the v ery . ma rtett We decline to go along with the mob. \Ve men ." don·t want to be "smart", discourteous or ofTen Perhaps the most serious. biggest mistake a man sive-but we are willing to step on any corn that can make in life. is to worry about his mistakes. nceds stepping on. We do not worry about how April, 1991 The Journal 01 Electrical Workers and Operators 176 the narrow, shorlmindcd reader feels. WE want We detest the rigid, li feless, time-killing rules no readers except those \Vho want us to be honest of grammar. They are dry, dusty and dizzy, with ourselves and with them, They rob men of personality, make them stiff and cagey. We have a definite job to perform. That job is to create an intelligent, responsible, vigorous, Our job is to be understood. If a thing is rot business-like organization. It's not our job to ten, then. if "tnM p"rmit~, it "honld he ralll"rf say soft, sweet things. That must bt: left to the " roul.'n"-not putrid, putrc:sctnt, carious, fetid or apologists, the vote-getters and bunk-shooters, malodorous. If a man is a quack, then, if senS( We're not competing with the Saturday Evening allows, he should be called a "quack" not charla Pose or a Sunday School weekly. This is a labor tan or mountebank. magazine. Lincoln didn't use ironclad rules or big words. We have no time to w ri te sweetly dressed stories He didn't think of nice. pretty things to say-but - no time to play with pretty words or phrases. of the practical. st!nsible thing to say and the We're trying to get men to understand and to supreme need of making his hearers and readers think-to stop blowing off and showing off-to understand. You can't fool practical, sensible peo~ be self- respecting, self-reliant. to S(e ahead, go p[,-but you can disg ust them. "hcO'ld , to throw o ff their men tal blinders. A union employer, of many years, writes: \Ve feel the strongest, clea rest language should be u.,d-for there's so much error and folly. \Ve "I (elt .. ncoura ...d after r ••dilll yo ur need live, clear English, We like words ~hat leave Februar,. Journal. You m.n re.Ii,.. i( your no doubt as f a what men think or mean. We like membe,. are to h .... work, condition. th.t new words for new situations. We must say a reatrict u n ion employ.,. mu.t b. corr.. ct.d. "We jUtt fi .. ur.d a .. ain,t non . union .hopi thing the easiest, shortest way if we arc !O be on •• tat. job 12 mil •• (rom her., W. 10.t understood. it by $2,OOO--b.c:.u.e $2,500 we. fi,ured for Ir• .." lil1l1: lion". '''.d w .....cured thi. job, it would h ... e kep t your m.D bUlY for ne.rl,. a year. Such rule. h .... relulted ift thou· .andt of dollar. 10lt butiae .. to ounel .. e. Some men sC(!m to worship fine , fancy, hlgh .nd the worken." Rown words-words that have many meanings. Some would probably croak if they couldn't say or write a thing the hardest, longest, most confus ing way. We just heard one use phrases that would make a donkey bray, It reminded me of: \Ve repe3t: How blind some unions are. They enforce rules which drive Ihem off jobs. ' I'hc:y " Do n' t you think," ..id the new p.rtner, are in a highly competitive market-and can go "th.t you ou .. hl to bruah up • bit on your only so far at a time. \Vilen rules are imposed corrupondenc.1 U •• bi .. word.; tbey lend on union employers which handicap them in secur di .. nit,. t o your letlen ... ing work. our members always suffer. \Ve are " P .. rhap. you're r i .. ht," admitt .. d the correcti ng such condilions wherever brought 10 our Oo ll,er, "but wl,il .....c h .. wi n .. mediocrity of expreuion throu .. h p1.titudinou. phr.a ... allemion. olo .. y, it b .. hoo..... o n. to hew.re of pon d.ro.ity, .nd to b. mindful th.t pedantr,., beinl in die. to ry of an inherent m .... a10. mani., (ru.trat • • it. O .... n .im and r •• ulta mer. ly in obnubil.tion." (SEE NEXT PAGE) 176 The Journal of Electrical IVo1'kers and Operators A pril,1931 CODDLING APPRENTICE, S HIS is distasteful to say-but quite important wa,e, the better meehanic he be<:ome.. The T and necessa ry: Generall y there has betn too finer, hi.her type bo,.. remain, while the much coddling of apprentices-too much senti wealeer, ficlcle one. drop by the waYlide. ment- too much politics-too much pl"ying to Tholo that remaio become real meehanici a od are better off in e"ery way. the cro wd. 7. What our apprentice. need mod i. not a birh wa,_but an intetllive period of proper trainin, and Ichoolin r. Our ;ntered. demand trained mecbaniu-not bj,b.priced All this is shown in agreements coming he re for boy. and men cla.. ified at apprenticel. appro val. Some provide a wage of 1 0 cents an hour betwee n the journey man and the fourth yea r apprentice. One provided for an "eighth yea r M y first statement to the membership. J anuary. apprentice" . All such unsound, unwise provisions 1930. read : "Every member sho uld be an excellent are bei ng eliminated or correc ted by this office. mechanic. Exc uses must not be tolerated. We must stri ve more dilige ntly to see that everyone le ow, when. un thousands of job. Building Ruman Relations For leu men throughout not only the Amste rda.m Co nference in Aug. Labor's Participation in Economic H United States, but throughout the Policy-Experience in the Electri_ world, be reabsorbed into industry? ust to e xa. mine que stion of cal Industry or the United States This is t he principal question to be stabiliza.tion. Is a. proble m ID a nd Canada." asked. surveyed and answered in part international adjustment, Speaker: n. n. Broach, Presi at the world conference to be held in dent, International Brotherhood of Amsterdam. nollnnd, August 23·29. • I<: lectriclll Workors, Washington, President n. R . Broach has been sched· D. C., U. S. A. uled as a principal participant in tho Speaker : Hugo von Uaan, Inter· program. It ill under the auspices of national Management In!ltituw, The call for the conCcronce says: the International Industr ial Relationll Geneva. Association, an International co..opera "Unemployment today Is widespread live group numbering industrialists. "Experience and Potentialitie. in throughout the world. Markets are reo labor leaders. economists and research Internntional Economic Treaties." stricted by lack of purchasing power. men among ita members. Speaker: Prof. Joseph P. Cham. Yet productive capacity has been en. The program 81 arr&lIg.,ol 1I1uIS ra.r is berlain, c..:olumbia University, New hanced at an increasingly rapid rate by all Collows: York. mechani:tation and the advance of tech· The Pre.ent P a rado,,_ Une mploy. nological invention. In n world of en· " International PllI-nning by In larged economic reSO ll rceS, employment ment in the Mid.t of Economic dm,tries." Pro, reu is insecure and standards of living have Speaker: Prof. M. J . Bonn, not been raised or maintained in pro "The Significance of World-Wide Berlin. portion to the increase in production. Unemployment." "Mau Distribution and Stand Maladjustment exists between economic Speaker: Dr. Max Lazard, Paris. ard!! of Living." capacity and buying power. Discussion based on reports of Speaker: Edward A. Filene, WH " In the present stage of c<:onomic life fluctuations in employment and un Iiam Filene's SOn!' Company, Bost· the task ot achieving balsnce seems to employment in various countriel, ton, U. S. A. demand International economic co-oper 1910·1930 (Great Britain, France. ation. Development of menns of trans Australia, U, S. A., Canada, U. S. " International Agree m ent on port and communication la day by day S. R., China, Germany) printed and Labor Standards," eatablishing unit as the coming stage of available in advance ; by Dr. F. C. Speaker: Albert Thoma9, direc economic evolution. The process is not Denham, London Scbool ot Eco tor, International Labor Orgam:ta. yet complete. Some regions of tho nomics and Political Scien~, (or tion of the League of Nation•. merly lecturer in the University o( world r emain laTgCly sel f·sufficient, Sydney. Australia; Dr. W. A. Ber Ro und Tabla Confe r e nce on t be Others are more closely interdependent. But Interdependence is rapidly taking ridge, Metropolitan Life In9urnnce W orluhop Company, U. S. A., and member of the place of self-sufficiency. This con Chairman: Prof. Goch Briefs, stitute. the tactual AlIped of the Committee on Governmental Labor Technische Rochschulc, "Berlin Statistici of the Amer ican Statis subject." ticllI AMOriation ; nr. Sn~Rn M. Kingsbury 9.nd Dr. Mildred Fair· child. Bryn Mawr College, U. S. A.; Dr. L. K. Tao, Director, Institute of Social Research, and Dr. F rank li n L. Ho, Nankai Univcrsity, China; and Dr. Robert Wilbrandt, Univenity of Tl1bingen, Germany. "Recent Growth in the World's Productive Capacity." Speakcr: Dr. Otto Neurath, di· rector Social Economic Museum, Vienna. "The Problem or Plan n ed Economy." Speaker: Dr. I.ewia Lorwin, In· slitute o( Economic9 of the Brook ings Institute, Washington, D. C., U. S. A. "Principills 11111.1 Pr.. dice or Sci· entific Management." (1) As developed in the United State•. Speaker: Dr. H. S. Peraon, man agi ng directOr of the Taylor So· ciety, New York; formerly director or the Amos Tuck School of Admin. istration and Finance, Dartmouth College, U. S. A. (2) AJJpects of the movement in E urope. NEW VOJ. KSIIAUs.. Dn}:MF.N, o~:nMANY 178 Tile Journal 0/ Electrical Workers and Operators April, 1931 Electric Work On Dam Two Years Distant tl E permanent electric work on was (or labor alone, the government T Boulder Dam-a project which is Forty-nine million dollar con furnishee all materials, as it intends to expected to employ 1,000 elec do for aU the work. It is plain t.here tr a c t le t to Six Companie., Inc., tricians-was not induded in the two is not much work at the dam at present contracts thus far let. This means that of Sa n Fra nc isco, moally for con for union electrical workers, We have the power house work, and the lighting cre te a nd construction wor k . of the model city will be done under a been informed by Superintendent Blood, .epa rate contract. it was announced '\t Te m porary e lectric w ork induded repNlsenting the United States Depart the United States Department of the In in contract wilh Southern Sierras ment of Labor at the Employment Office at Las Vegas, that he is swamped with terior. It is expected that this electrical Power Co. Both firms open . hop. construction contract will not be let applicat.ion.. Only a rew men have been until 1933. piaced, and these only in odd jobs. It The Southern Sierras Power Company seems that our people should be warned of Riverside, Cali!., is building a trans no other section of the work is protected to stay awsy or keep in touch with this mission line from Vicoorville to the dam by this pnrticular reservation. office. site. It will ereet a substation. It is The preliminary bid of $40,000,000 (Continued on page 2!! 1) claimed by government offidals that the private firm could build the power line and supply power for construction morc cheaply than the government eould erect a temporary powcr plant at the river'a aide. Only three firma bid on the preliminary work: The Six Companiell, Inc., of San Francisco, lowest bidder; the Arundel Construction Corporation, of Baltimore; and the Woods Construction Company of Lincoln, Nebr. There was $5,000,000 dltrflrenc::e, all in one item, the cost of pouring conCNlte. What labor conditions will prevail undcr the Six Compnniee nrc not known, but govcr nmcnt dams built by anti-union firms do not bear good reputations. The specification. for the "Hoover Dam, Power Plant and Appurtenant Works" has this clause in it in regard to electrical work: "'Electrlca l ,'.t.llaUont ~168. Electrical Equipment, General. Electrical conduit and 6ttinp, conduit boxu, distribution eablnet, where em bed'ded in concrote, anchor bolts, and any other materials entering Into the InstaUa. tlon, but not In Ihe nature ot conttruction equipment and lupplln, 10'1\1 be turnished by the Government undor the provblonl of paragraph 27. The contractor . hall in.tal1 all electrical squlpment, a. directed by tho conlrllcting officer. In a workmflnllke man· ner and in accordance with ths current National Electric Code Rulet . In cale ot a conftict between the National Electric Cod. and these apaciftcatlon•• tbe apaciflca· tiona will g HE major problem or the genern to include international monopolies. tion-a job ror every man who Some Ilgnl of pick-up beyond The international trusts must be con· T wants to work atill remains the trolleJ by all "internAtionAl economic major problem. The "Annalist," con leasonal lift. But magnitude of body to be set up by the League or servative financial weekly, reported a d eprellio n is just being seen. as Nations." It may be recalled in this rew gains above the seasonal. These U. S. Department of Commerce connection that a group of American. are the only signs ot hope upon the at the l~eace Gonference In l!Jl!J urged horillon. The fact that the unemployed glvel out new une mployment the creation of a sort oC interna are enter ing the eighteenth month of figures. FaIle o ptimism still rife. tional federal trade conumsslOn to agony, with all reserves gone, and the promote Cair practicel in in~ernational ract that many mUnicipalities have competition. exhausted their relier funds, cast deeper On t he financial .ide an interesting shadows through the present gloom. Severe criticism of past "doctored" proposal is made that the worken The new figurNI on the unemployed reports Crom governmenLuI sources has should demand IJarlicl'tlation of repre isaued by the U. S. Department oC Com been expressed all over the land. sentatives oC the t rade u nions in the merce have attracted wide comment A bitler aspect of the prCllent situa management of note-iuuing banks inftlloo throughout the country. The figures tion is the tendency toward wage cut much as national credit policies and the for the unemployed now are placed at ting. This goea on despite pledges.. It unequal distribution of gold throughout 8,000,000. This figure includes 6,050,- goes on in Cace of the be.t economic the world are facton in the depression. 000 persons without jobs, and 1,900,000 opInion. Prolongation of the depres Labor Ihould share in monetary and laid ofT without pay. This figure does sion is expected to follow wage-euts. banking control, it is a&SCrted. The not include the 10,UUU,UUO estimated Certain sections ot European labor world debts are a part oC this financial on good authOrity on part-time job.. have IItreB8ed the international char_ picture. Payment mUlit be made in The seriousness ot the present panic acter of unemployment. They advocate goods and this is rendered difficult by is revealed more by thoee on part certain measures. hlth tariff policies of the creditor st.. te•. time than by those who are totally Public control of monopolies mu.t This in turn increases the tendency to- unemployed. extend over national boundaries 80 aa (Continued on pllge 2'!2) I PATn:NT M U LTITUDE 180 Tlte Journal of ELectrical Workers and Operators Apl"il, 19t1J WBSO, Boston, Fine Union Exploit By FRANK E. GRADE, L. U. No.3 N the latter part. or September, one or ills which become apparent, when we the radio contracton (Marinen Ra. Believed to be first commercia l begin modulating the transmitter. I dio Service) Clasa D men (radio We can assure you that most of these men) of Local Union No.3, signed a broadcasting station to be de troubles are numerous and varied; also contract to construct a broadcaat Italian signed, built a nd installed by difficult to find and rectify. destined to be installed near Boston. membe ra of the union. Indica All of this testing is necessary and This il now operating BI WBSO. Thus must be done after 1 a. m., so that the begins the story of what ;1 believed to tion that Brotherhood is control. program you may be listening to on be the fim 100 per cent union designed, ling more a nd more radio work. another station is not broken up and built and installed commercial broadcast spoiled. atation. We attempt to give a brief Practically all or this preliminar y test glimpse of 8Om~ of tho problema met work on the air is done through the with in this clan of work. son, a union contractor employing mem medium or phonograph records. Finally We begi n with the plnns, circuit, me bers of the Brotherhood. after weeks of this continual cheek, and chanical layout of parts, etc. Finally elimination, we rest, try again; thon after lengthy di&cuulona, these are Bub PrOl'raml Mull Go On change over and over, stage by stage, mitted to the }o'cdllral Radio Commiuion until finally we have our station on the The conduit layout generator room tor approval, then conltruction permilll air and our headaches are about over, are iSIJued, provided of course, that the and control system was laid out by Mve for the occasional breakdowns plans are approved. Thereafter the Brother Troutwein, of Local Union No. which may occur from time to time. S, and installed by members or Local actual construction begina. Union No. 103, under the direction of Frames are ordered, duralumin Brother Desmond (Desperate). Alter panels (ror shielding purpose), shelving God pve man lin upright countenance to the installation of the transmitter we IUrTey tbe llea"enl. and to look upward to and all of the numerous details. inci must now begin weeding out the various dental to the preliminary construction the Itln.-Ovid. are gone over. When all of our ma terial is on hand, the actual asaembly begins. Para. ilic Current. The various part. are laid out and the length of the connections checked over. Certain connections or leads must be kept short while various parts must none the lesa be kept 1111 far apart. as possible in order thnt their mngnetic Relds do not interlock a nd set up para sitic currentll in other parts or the cir cuit or adjacent eircuitll, or parts. In addition to these various problems, our transmitter must be kept as sym metrical lUI we can make it, In order that its general appeMance may be kept as Rttrnctive as possible. The transmitter is now completely as_ sembled and wired here; at this point.. one might imagine ou r job is finished. This, however, II not the case, ror in reality we are now really about to be gin. The cireuit used in this transmitter is cr ynnl controlled lenlnr amplifier with 100 per cent modulation. Step by step we begin now and check over one stage after the other, until we have the transmitter working from its crystal oscillator to ItIJ power amplifier. After all of thl. preliminary and touch up work, we are still a long way from the final completion. While all of the various stages of construction on the transmitter were progressing. we had part of our stalf' working on the speech input equipment. This comprised the power supply, the "mixer" the "8 c" amplifier (this Is the only non-union unit in the entire station). the volume indicator, the monitor amplifier and the meter panel. A !ter this was completed the transmitter and speech amplifier were shipped to Boston and rrom there to Wellesley HlIIs, where the actual in stallation was begun by Niles P. Robin- ltJo:AII VII:!W 011' TII,\S~MITT~;II W IT IIOUT TlJln:S IN SOCKETS April, 1931 The Jourllal of J:.'let!trical Worker8 and Operator8 l SI WTAX O n Air, With U n Ion• Aid By HERMAN R. ARMBRUSTER. L. U. No. 427 illS is Station WTAX. Springficld, dul'ing the short time thnt it has be~n Il l. It has been on the air since Springfield, lit, has new mod~ on the air. T October 6, 1930. The Haenig Elec Loul 427 is to have time on the air tric Company, of this city, installed this ern radio ala tion, broadcasting from this station in thf' near future; so project. Our worthy president, Russell from Hotel Abraham Lincoln. keep your {'ars open and when you are Hawkins, and crew did the job. Union All equipme nt was i.nstalled by fiddling with the dial of your radio and labor did the work, and it will be oper radio crew of local union, and is hear the announcer say this is Station ated by union men. WTAX, you nlay hear one of our memo It is located on the 13th floor of the union maintained. ben doing his stuff. Abraham Lincoln Hotel. The 100_watt Class B transmitter was manufactured I flm aWllre that many object lO the sever' for the R. C. A. Victor Company by th{' but warranted condenser microphones ity of my language; but is then! not caule General Electric Company. may be used even on outside broadcasts. for "verity! I will be 8! hsrsh as Truth. lin d III uncompromising 8! Justice. On thi. Proledion For Aeroplanea ~ ubject I do not wish to think, or .peak. or write .... ith moderation. No! No! Tell I The towers reach 85 feet man "'hOH house is on fire to give a mod· above the roof of the hotel, trate Ilarm , tell him to moderately rescue and 220 feet above the hi, wife from the hands of the rarishu; tell street level. A red light is the mothu to gradually ulrielte her blbe displayed from the top o( rrom the fire into wbich it has fallen--but each mast as a warning sig. urae me not to \l5C mGderatioll in a UUH nal for aircraft from sun like the prescnt. I am in earnnt-I will not equi.,oc:ate--I will not excu_I will not down to sunrise. The an n!tn!at a ,inCle inl'b-and I will be heard tenna is an inverted L, 90 The apathy of the people il enough to mak_ feet in length and is worked every .tatue leap from iu pedestal end against a counterpoise of huten the rnurr~tion of the deed -Wit· the same length. lilm Lloyd Garrison. The studios are entirely in· sulated r rom the entire build· in g structure with felt pad· ding. This elimi_ nates all foreign noise of any de· sniption, and makes it impos sible for any foreign sound to be trans P\IlT OF Tnl:: ~:I.AIIOIIA1'E EQ1'II'~IE:-"T mitted through the walls and It utilizes the same type of crystal picked up by the micro- control that is used by the five and 50- phones. kilowatt stations, such as WENR. The larger of the studio! The frequency assigned by the Radio is equipped with a three Commission to WTA.'I( is 1,210 kilocy manual Wicks organ, a Kim· cles, and this transmitter easily main ball Grand piano; the amall. tains its frequency within 60 cycles. er studio has R Baldwin plus or minus, of this assignment. piano. Complete modulation of the carrier i~ The station ia equipped nchievcd by low level modulntion, and with Western Electric 33 1-3 Class B amplification. R. P. M. turn tables for Six radio-frequency stages are used. broadcasting electrical t ran scriptions and a specially employing tubes as follows: Crystal built 78-R. P. M. turn table stage. one UX 210; buffer stage, one for broadcasting phonograph UX 865 i first intermediate, one UX 865; records. second intermediate, one UX 865; mod· Program switching is ac· ulated amplifier, two UX 210's; power complished by means of reo amplifier, one UV 849. motely controlled relays. The audio-frequency channel com Speaker apparatus is lo prises two slages of amplification each cated throughout the studios using a UX 210 tube. The modulator and observation rooms, to bank employs four UX 842's in parallel. help follow the program con The speech input equipment has a tinuity, and are fed from a (requency response that docs not vary power amplifier located in more than one D. B. between 60 nnd the transmitter room. 5,000 M. cycles. The station has been re Condenser microphones are used ported heard in 36 states HOTEL ABllAnAM l.tSCOt,S SUI'PORTS AST"SSAE throughout, except l or outside pickups, and two Canadian provinces 011' WTAX 182 Tltl' Joltnt(li 01 t:lect,-ical 1I'00'kcl"s and Opel'utorR Avril. 193 I WE REFUSE TO DESERT OUR CONVICTIONS WE WITHDRAW FROM THE BUILDING TRADES DEPARTMENT THEBuilding Trades Department of the toward final destruction of the Department. American Federation of Labor has Only a very few local Counci ls paid any finally decided to set up-with the general attention to such instrucUons---and these few builders-the "Board of Trade Claims". a.mount to little or nothing. claiming to settle jurisdiction disputes. The Department wrole us: "You are informed that under the agree We're not antagonistic to the Building Trades ment all International Unions affiliated in the Department. We are friendly. We wanted to Building Tradea Oepnrtment must neeell!lnrily become signatoriea to the Agreement." sce it amount to something worthwhile. We wanted to see people respect it. We hoped to see all eligible orgnnizations cemented in the Department-not torn apart-and so we are deeply sorry_ We simply feel the Department There's no law or action of the Depnrtmcnt in desperation-acted indiscreetly and un -or of the A. F. of L.-rcQuiring any organ wisely in Bubmitting to the general builders ization to sign or be bound by any such and we feel justified in avoiding the same agreement. It's a snare and we refu~ e to be pitfalls. Other International Unions take the caught in it. Our interests-and we believe same position as we. We are not willing to those of the labor movement-demanded our submerge our identity as a labor organization withdrawal from the Department. Thi!! WllS in the selfish, dangerous plans of builders. fully considered and approved by our Inter nalional Executive Council. We do not feel we have more intelligence thlln the rest of the trades. But we do refuse The Building Trades movement is wedded to longer follow blind alleys that lead us up to the path of least resistance-which always ngainst stone wnlla. We refuse to provide gen leads downward. This has greatly wenk cral builders with a club to swing over union ened ou r movement. It. has destroyed mnny officials in determiniilg union policies and local Building Trades Councils. Only a very nctions. or jurisdiction of work. few worthwhile ones remain. We refuse to turn over to general builders The Executive Council of the Department, as a joint afTair-lnbor's own problem. We in January, issued instructions to local do not yet admit that labor does not have Coullcils to unseat those local unions whose within its own Councils-enough brains, cour national organizations are not amlinted nge, ability and judgment, to settle disputes with the Department. This was a big step which are purely our own. Ap)'il, 1991 The Journa l 0/ Electrical WO)·"Cl' S and Operators 183 We're convinced the plan offered by the eRn we expect the same men to act differ builders will not setlle jurisdiction disputes. It en tly simply because a few builders are brought will not relieve International heads of their into the matter? This will certainly not make responsibilities. But we feel it will increase men more honest, more courageous, less selfish, misunderstandings. jealousies and antagonism nor change them and give us different types of between the various trades. labor officials. Union officials CANNOT escape their responsibilities under any plan. Jurisdiction disputes have been decreasing. Many have been settled by labor. Others will We know the desperation of general contrac be settled when union heads will assume tors or builders. We know the ground they responsibility-when they really want peace have losl in the building industry. They want and are actuated by honest, unselfish motives. to retain some control-though they do less But when they will not settle such disputes, than 20 per cent of the work on the building when they will not pay any attention to deci todny-the rest being done by sub-contractors. sions rendered by the Building Trades Depart They must protect themselves to remain in a ment, and by the American Federation oC position of the broker or middleman between Labor-or by the former National Board for the sub-contractors and the owner. They admit Jurisdictional Awards--then we cannot see that their plan to "settle" jurisdiction disputes how the same union heads will respect and will bring a big increase in membership to the enforce decisions rendered by this new associations of builders. (See the Builders agency. It should be remembered that the Record. published ill BU:ilun, fur Oduber, builders were a part of the old ational 1~30.) Board, which they helped to destroy. It is now necessnry to quote ourselves to We proposed-at Atlantic City-that when emphnsize our position, and our experiences, two or more trades could not settle their differ with builders and their associations. In this ences, then they agree and bind themselves in J oul'nal, last November, wht:lJ ut!aliug wilh advance-by suftlcient bond, if necessary-to thi:-l whole question, we stated: accept the decisions of the President of the Building Trades Depnrtment-or the decisions "We believe the decisions ot the proposed of the American Federation of Labor, or its Board of Trade Claims will not be observed Executive CoullciJ-or any other agency or by the builders, or general contracton, any individual in our own movement. mor.. than th~y abld~d by the deeisions or the Old Nationnl Board for Jurisdictional Awards. We cannot forget that the builders--more than anyone elae- "The plan provides a choice of three an (.ch, u led in the .pplication of fund.men. swers to the quclltion of whether decisions of tala. arl'> the onl)' pathl to .ound .olution •. " the Board of Trade Claims IIhall apply: Article 14 - Yes "Oefinitel)" conclulivel)', and without Article 16 - No re.erv .. tion, WI'> commit oUrielvel to any Article 17 - Perhaps locical, .ound and praclical effo.. ' to elimi. Under auch an nrrnngement, it ought to be nate j urildiclio n dilpute.. And jUlt AI clear that our own or any other National or earneatly, do we refule to 1.1'> a party to a International organization could easily be pilln that we believl'> will complicate and torn La ahreda." make matter. wane. WI'> cannot hope to ext in, ui. h a fire by addinr lU1'>1 to the "TheIJe provisions conatitute a highly dan namel." geroua weapon in the handa of builders, or general co ntrncton, to be used against any union or lI ub-contrnctor." "We arc unwilling to aid builders in any Our local unions want to know what they are plan that will allow them to dictate what to do. Those now belonging to local Building II hall or shall nol be done itl an industry of Trades Councils should continue their affili a which they are IIlIth a Ilffiall part." tions until f urther advised. Should any of our local unions be unseated from local Councils "Every labor official who knows anything and we're satisfied there may be few, if any about the aelflahneu ot builders generally, then they are advised to continue to support knows how they have used non-union labor wherever they could; how they have awarded the other unions-when such support is re work to the lowest wage trade; how they turn ed-except when a difficulty arises because have shopped among t he sub-contractors for or the Board of Trade Claims or its actions. bid8; how they have resorted to lies and decepllon in changing the ligures on bids; how their tactics have driven many sub contractors into bankruptcy; how they have forced sub-eontractol"lJ to cut and trim the We are serving notice, as a result of our job to avoid bankruptcy-and how they have action, that no group or board or association, squeezed more money out of a job by evad ing I!&i'ety ordinances, etc. There are a few other than the American Federation of Labor, exceptions, of counle-but only a few." has the right to interpret or define what work shall 0 1' shnll not be done by Electrical "Our electrical employers have 0.180 had Workers. bitter experiences with a8sociations of build· ers. They know ot the attempts to club and punish them. They have ordered our em ployers to lock out our members on var ious oeculons. They have ordered them to r efuse We will recognize no decision, definition or to grant reasonable and humane demands. allocation of work, not in accord with such They have refused to allow our own employ decisions or interpretations as are given by the ers to work out the wages and conditions of Am erican Federation of Labor. or as have our members, with our organization. . . . been rendered by the former National Board All this haa resulted in the associations of elt'ctrical contractors refusing to belong to For Jurisd ictional Awards. We refuse to the anociations of builders in numerous de~ert our convictions. large and Imall centers." "We have fe lt the CUrie of jurildiclion. We have no ilI.""onl about the .eriou.ne.. of the problem to Labor-to the Buildin. Tradea Indultry, a nd to p r operty ownen." "In racinr tbe corredion of thil a nd olher problen.. of the indultry, we believe th. t Wnshington, D, C. intellirence, mature jud,ment and .ccurde March 28, 1931. API'il, 1931 The Jour'nat of Electl'icat lVoI'kers and Opemtors 186 C. £'s. "House of Magic" Now on Wheels il E popularization of the abatract. The two experiments called "modu science of Iight.ing known as "ele<' T Public demo nstrations of a d· lated light" and "frozen light" probably tro- P~n.!ioPl. irl Modern I ndwttry, by Arthur have either ceased to furnish the basis Duvid Cluud. (Huwkins & Lvumill Light thrown on employe r pay of Hny profit, or, 811 Is most often the CompanY, HIM.) casc, have begun to furnish the ballis of chology by monumental wo rk on a loss-" When thia situation arises it is H IS monumental work on industrial induatrial penaions. Worker a costly to keep the aged workel1l at their pen:.ions i. the outgrowth of a long accustomed tasks; the emilloyer is often T study of pension system operation. look upon pe naiona Aa earDed reluctant to discharge them; but after Il nd i8 described by the author as cover bene fits. Too many employera "hitting them to lighter wor k and mllk ing tho "legal actuarial and economlc count them gifts. in~ other changes, the timp. roml'~ whrn princil,les of the problem of Uw ugcu he can use them no longer lind 90me employee." dillposition of them must be made. The JIll information was gathered not. only wayll open arc by discharge or by only from other Ilublicntion8 on the Bub simlile nnd desirable busincss matter. ]Icnsion. jcct, but. by direct study of many typcs " Evcry employer, sooner or later, To dischurge the "worn·out workers" at pension plans in active operation. faces the fact thnt a number of his em would orlen result in Meriou9 Joss of This study naturally included a study ployees have arrived at the age-old for morale among the other employees be ot the viewpoints of the employer and some, older £or a few and v"ry uill fur caus(' of lack of confidence in the em- the employee; a compari8on or the flnnn nn occasional one-when their servi('ea cinl and economic lIoundness of the dif terent types of I)ension pinna; and nl!lO an examination of the mlgntion which has actually arisen trom the handling of this dimcult problem of ndjustment of the needa of the aged employees. P roblem Stated The problem starts {rom the view point of the humanitarian advocate sa "effective means of providing lIubsist ence in old nge (or worn-out and de pendent employees." Extending this to cover also point.a of view of the em ployer and the employee, the problem gocs much further than the idea of char ity. The flrat beneflcinrlu are those who have a claim upon industry becauBe they have become lupernnnunted in em ployment lervlce. This immediately lead" Ilither to " limitation to t.ho~ n whn are actually destitute or nn extension to all employees superannuated under cer tain conditions, but many of whom would in no way be dependent on the employer for means of subsistence. Restated, thll bring! to the author', mind the pension problem all co nsisting of three tactors, (1) "the nmount, or extent, of superannuation"; (2) "the conditions of superannuation"; (3) "the adaptation of the conditions to the employees". Employer', Viewpoint Reyealed The idea of a "pension" has departed considerably trom its originni use all a reward or bounty given by the govern ment as a gift. in appreciation ot serv ice&. As applied to induatry, however, it has a "bnrgain significance". "The employee ia led to believe that he can earll hia benefit. Until it iB ear ned in dustry is satisfied to remain a party to the bargain." When it is earned, hoW ever, induatry changes its attitude, per l'I il'll.ing in the ideA that the pension Is II gratuity, and often emphaSizes thut there is no obligntion in the matter to which the indulltry can be held. Although there ill no legal obligation and no moral obligation on the part of 1I1 ..... ~ 01 !~. employers to adopt n pension system, Old Anll"lrB With Ihe New. Acro.. 1I,e I.ow Alley 1I 0nl, One ~~~ lho Towering- 1,'Retor, such a plan i8 often looked upon all n Staek~. ROY 1•. l.I~ rr o .... , R Wulllnrton Artl.t, Crcatc~ "Aller Anj!lu", A pril, 199/ The Jountal ul Elect rical H'ol'ke/'s (wd Operato/'Il l87 Public Works Progr am No Panacea By WILLIA M HABER. P ro/e;uor of Indu$lrial Rt ialiom. M ic hisan Stale Col/csc ONST RUCTION of public works buildings, These funds shall be accumu· hus long been looked upon as a Careful long-range p lanning of lated and released only when the Pre8i C weighty 1lrop06ul for stabilizing dent finds and communicates to Con our economic system find reducing un gove rnment expenditure . can aid gress that the volume, based upon value. employment. Eng I and, Gumany. bU3ineil to solve unemployment, of contracts awarded for construction France nnd other countriu have, for but it is no l ure cure, and mUlt be work in the United Stales. has fallen mnn~' years employed public construc supplemented by other measures, 10 per cent for a three-month period lion5 projects to luneliorate unemploy below the average of the correspond ment ('Qnditions. In the United Stutes, ing three-month per iods of the preceding economists have long proll0ged thl1t in t hree years. the control lind plnnning of public work5 encourage the expfln~ion of manufac Such a policy, if adopted by the fed we might find 11 potent W~l1pon to fight eral government and subsequently fol [)eriodie fluctuntion!l in employment. turing facilities. As a result when the governm('nt. through eXjl('nditures for lo wed by state, m unicipal and count.y which during the present depression public works during nOl'lnal business have severed over 5,000.000 workers governments, would r esult in retarding yeHr~. ind uces high costa and over· the rate of expansion of business lind from their jobs_ expansion it is pa rtly 1"csponsible fQr In the pa!!t severnl years this pro would provide huge funds to be spent the business depression which follows. as soon as private business begills to PoMi hilS won an increasing number of lind having already ulled up it~ UPI/I"U slack. 'r his would immediately gi\'e ~upporters_· The discussions growing priations and completed its projects, it employment to hundreds of thouSllnds out of the " J ones Prosperity Reserve is unable to aid recovery. Bill" in the United Stlltes Senate and Qf construction workers and to thou· To overcome this situation it is pro· !lands of others manufacluring building the acceptance of this pr ogram by the posed that eXllenditures for public proj Presi,.tent has furthcr increased its popu materials, Indirectly these funds Ilaid ects be planned in advance probably to construction workers in wages would larity. In fact, we have ~n nearly led on a 10-year basis, lhat apllropriations be spent for consumers' goods with the to believe that in the adoption of a com be voted but that the money be held prehensive program looking for long result that many more wor ket:S manu· back in a public works re~er\'e and re facturing furniture, steel, glass, eal'l)Cts range-planning of public works we will Icased for actual use on ly wh('n private ha\'e achieved a "balanced economic und other goods would be put to work {'mployment. mcnsured by some stand to supply the needed consumet'Sl' goods. ~ystem." ard or other. has shown 1\ materifll de In theory, therefore, a long-range I)ublic The logic of the proposal is simple, cline. The Jones Prosperity i{('s{,l've its argument weighty, During normal works program would have a two_fold Bill. fQr example. pro\'ides for the au elfel't. fo'irst it would check the over· years the volume of construction in the Ihorizlltion by CongresI< of annual eXI);lIlsion of private industry (mainly Cnited Slates ill nearly $7,000,000,000. apprOllriations amounting to $150,000.- In 1925 the letal construction bill of the construction and its related industries) 000 for usc in road building. river and and it would also provide the funds ('ountry WHS $6.662.600,000. It has in harbor works, Rood control and public creased every year until it IlftS! APIDITY with which lIew ideas arc posals looking to the solution of such accepted in this changing world is Mea sure a dvocated first three problems; R indicated again by the fact that "4. Shall make nn annual report on what was but a nebulous theory throe ye ars ago by Electrical Worker s' or Uefore the -- day of ---, to years ago, has found its way into legis. Journal, m a kes g r eat advances the President and to the Congress, Intive formulae. During the last days of towa rd acce ptance; whole-heart together with its recommendations, it Co ngress, Senator La l<'olleUe introduced edly backe d by Senator La any, for necessary legislation or for Senate Bill 6215, an nct to establish 11 other action; and National Economic Council. Follette. "5. Shall, from time to time, 119 it Senator LaFollette's bill at once deems advi8.1ble, submit re(lOr ts dealing raises the question, Shall the economic with particular economic questions, to· plan board be arnall, in the nature of n gether with ita recommendations, to t.h e cabinet, or large, in the nature of a members of the council as chairman President, tQ the Congress and to the Co ngross? Franco and Germany hnve lind one liB vice chairman of the council. The vice chail·man shall act appropr iate economic associations lind huge councils, with representatives from organizations interested in such ques· every economic group, with most work us chairman in cage of the absence tions. done by committees. Dr. Lewis L. Lor or disability of t.he chairman. A ma "(b) For the purposes of this Act, thc wi n, who contributed illuminating arti jority of the members of the council ceuncil is authorized to make such rules cles to this JOURNAL on the subjeet, in office shall constitute a quorum, lind regulations, and by itself or through ftLvors the larger council. Senator but the council may function not. it~ officeTS, to make such investigations LaFollette'S bill provides f or a council withstanding vacancies. The members and to call for 8uch information, as it of 15 membeTs. No doubt with the of the council shall serve without deems necessnry. Any member of the tremendous interest in the subject, now salary but may be paid a per diem com council may sign subpoenll8, Ilnd mem current, with economists, business men, pensation not to exceed $-- while bers and agents of the councH, when labor leaders advocating a planned engaged upon the business of the coun· authorized by the council, may admin. economy, a great deal of discussion will cil. Each member of the council shall ister oaths and ai11rmntions, examine precede actual legislation. be paid his necessary traveling expenses witnesses, take testimony by deposition to and from the meetings of the council Senator LaFollette's bill in full: or otherwise, nnd receive evidence. and his expenses incurred for subsist "(c) Such attendance of witnesses and "86 it enactea by the Senate and ence, or per diem allowance in lieu the production of such documentary HOUse of Repre8entatives 0/ th" United thereof, within the limitations pre evidence may be required f rom any Stote8 of A merica in Congre88 a8l1embled scribed by law, while attending or travel place in the United States at any desig That (8) there is hereby established II ing to or from 8uch Meetings. nated place of hearing. In case of N"lltional Economic Council to be com "Sec. 2 (a) The council- disobedience to a subpoena the council (lOscd of 16 members to be ap "I. Shall keel) IIdvised with respec~ may invoke the nid of any district or pointed by the President, by and with to general economic and business condi. territorial court of the United States the advice and cOMent of the Senate. tions in the United States; or the Supreme Court of the District The members of the council shall be "2. Shall consider problems affecting of Columbia in requiring the attendance lKllected annually (rom list! submitted the economic situation of the United and testimony ot witnesses and the pro· by groups of associations and oTganl:l:a States and its citizens; duction of documentary evidence, and tions representing t he industrial, fi nan "3. Shall endeavor to {onnulate pro- such court within the jurisdiction of cial, agricultural, transportation, which such inquiry is carried on and labor interests of the United may, in case o( contumacy or reo States, but not more thlln three fusal to obey a subpoena issued such member!! shall be selected to any corporation or other per· from the list submitted by each son, itssue an order requiring such of such groups. The terms of corporation or other person to office of the members of the appear before the council, or to council fint taking office after produce documentary evidence if the approval of this Act shall so ordered or to give evidence expire, as designated by the touching the matter in question; President at the time of nomina and nny failure to obey such tion, flve at the end of the first order of the court may be pun· year, fiv·e at the end of the sec ished by such court as a contempt ond year, and five at t he end of lhereof. the fourth year, after the date of F und. P r oyided the approval of this Act. The "(d) The council is authorized term of office of B auccessor to to nppoint n. secretary who shall Kn y such member of the council receive a salary of $-- po< shall expire four years from the year and (J) in accordance with date of the expiration of the the civil service laws, to appoint. term for which his predecessor nnd, in accordance with the was appOinted, except that any Classification Act of H)23, to fix member of the council appointed the compensation of such addi· to fill a vacancy occurring priOlo tional officers, experts, examinerH, to the expiration of the term for clerks, and emplOYees, and (2) to which his predecessor was ap make such expenditures (includ pointed, shall be appointed for ing expenditures for llersonal the remainder of such term. scrvices and rent at the seat of Dutie. S tated government nnd elsewhere. and (or printing and binding, law " (b) The President sha ll an $F./'OA"OU I,A lo'O I.L!'lTTE books, books of reference, and nua11y designate one of the T'ltkc8 Ad~au <:(' d l':c()""mle Step (Con tlnucd 011 plIl;e 2'.!41 April, 1931 Tile Journal 0/ ElectJ-ical W07'kers (uut Opcmtofs 189 Progressives Hold New Type of Conference N avenue with a univenlty at. one Uncmpl oy moent A end and a state capitol at. the Wisconain idea re vived o n a Co""... iU.. 0... Vlt.",plol''''_...t o"d .nd... · other. Both eo-operating. Science trial .fo60o'li20Holt, 5."ofo,. Roh,j M. lAo Pol. used to at'l'eet goYermllelil. Government natio nal Kale. Eme r gency de /.If., of IVI.eoll."I, cll.oi.....an; used to aITect science. This in a brief clared. Labor participates. "1. It I. the conHnlU, of opinion of th~ compau was and Is, the Wisconsin idea. cOlflrl)IUee aa well .. ot the labor ludera. brought into being by Robert M. LaFol bualne ... lI1en, economlstl and public omdal. lette in his own stale, now being per who lpoke be.tore the conference that dil petuated through his son 01 the same rel igion ; and by Senator Borah when he treu ariline out of unemployment Itlll per· name. The primary significance of the altacked the ill-distribution of income Illtl througho\lt the country. Statemenl.l nationlll ProgrcMivc Cqn!erence held in and wealth. Ovations wcre give n both_ made by qualified personl from dlft'erenl Washington In March was the union 01 William Green, preaident of the Amer parta of the United Statu indiute that tht eco nomic experl.ll, labor leaders, and volume of unemployment ia so great and tht ican Federation of Labor, D. B. Robert prolongl!d .traln on varloua public .nd ch.ri· national law makers, and ita publicity son, president of the Railroad Train· value waa great. t.ble tunda 10 lub.lantial .. to lead to th. The conference was called by live exhlustion or many ot them within thll nexl !!(lnst-ora, Norria (Republican, Nebrallka). month. Conaelluently conditions mu~h Wor" ROJn:nT 1I. I .A~·O I ,U:TT~: WOODROW W II.SOS Their Spirit / nvoked Progreaaivel! Recalled the Statesmanlike Facing of Problems by Three Past Statesmen LaFollette (Republican, WillConlin) , men, Edward N. Nockela, A. F. of L. eyen than ~ho .. preYallin, at th. pr~nl Cutling (Republican, New Mexico) , national legislative representative in the time appeu to be unllvoidllhl,.. field of radio, and Andrew Furuseth, "2. It i. the consen'us of opinion thaI Wheeler (Democrat, Montana), and without the full ule of the ruourcci at th. Costigan (Democrat, Colorado). At the seamen'lI head, llpoke. The electrical comnllnd of federll, atate and local ,onrn· outset, the IIpOnMtII dilllvowed any pur worken were represented. meat. it la Impollible to meet the problem. pose or forming a third party. The of the pruent emergency. In _ighine tht Eeonomid. Attend council was a lincer1! attempt. to lace contrlbutlne facto ... thlt ue relponllbla for the economic problems of the preaent the pruent deprullon and that will, under Economic authorities were repre· present condltionl, repeat tbll criall In tb~ hour, and to find solution, which may sented by ::iumner H. Slichter, Harvard; future, It II the committee'. conclullon thaI be affected by, or aided by national leg Edward A. Rosa, Univenity of Wlaeon the only sound approacb to the problem of hdation. The problema discusaed were ain j Leo Wolman, National Bureau 01 unemployment and Industrial Instabll!t, II unemployment and atabilixation, agri F.ronomir Research; Isadore Lubin and the cre.tion ot the nec:eaaary public machin. culture, tariff, 10111 or representative Lewis Lorwin, Brookings Institute; ery ot pl.nnln, and control. Whether prea· government, and utilities. The gather ent and tuture deprelilon, may be due to Stuart Cha!le and George Soule, Labor the mors r.pld Increase of the productl .. ltr ing brought II brilliant all5enlbly to Bureau, Inc.; Harry Laidler, League of Indultry, to the reduction In the purt:has. gether. The delegates rcached in ror Indu ~ trial Democracy; Charles Inir power of the ~eat musea of COnIUmC .... experience and memory back to pro Beard, noted hilllorian, and Father to the exhaunion of public work. r uen~ l,'Tessive victo rlCi and defent.! in the John A. Rya n, Catholic University. or like taeton. thi. committee hela It",ngl)' daYII or LaFollette, Wllllon, and Roose Morris L. Cooke, noted engineer, and lh.t the only pollible way to bring aboul I:r.. lu liability In th, future. more r~rull1T velt. The spirit ran hIgh. The atlend Edward Beems, utility expert, we re on employment and Ih, avoldanco of the.e ter· ance was great, four times grenter than committees. rlbla erlaCI of unemploymunt I. through 0... was eX llectcd. Tenllc drama wall fu r The reports of the various legislative aubatltutlon of lOme um blan~ ot ordn for nillhed by Senator No r ris whf'n hn rf' committees is 8!3 followa: Inasmuch aa the prClent anllrchic lind Irrupon.ible ~"n' called to the delegatell the seriousness the Progressives control the next Con duct of Indultry. of the IJrclcnt hU llincBB debade, and gress, these reports are doubly aig "3. The lell-dcn of Amerlc .. n IndUstry . ..' It I! meH3ured the relation of politics to nificllnt. ,r""tln,,~,' on PRit" 2111\ I 190 Tlte Joutnal of Elect)'ical H'orkcl'S and Operators April, 19.11 Mencken's Protegee Writes Labor History OUIS AOAMIC is a young man who Adamic differs in his interpretation of was born in JUgf)·Slavia, came to A horrible example of how his racketeering from s uch authoritiel as L America just before the World Herbert Asbury Dnd Walter Lippman. War, worked at various laboring jobs. tory should not be written i. e.on· llr. Lippman says: became lin I. W. W.o and was discovered tained in the r ee.ent book e ntitled " The tact that racketeering by 11. L. llencken. of the American "Dynamite", by Louis Ada m ie._ Mercury, III fl IIpirilcd. talented writer. seents to infeat the smnll, unstable, lie has since eontribuk>d to that pub Subjective impresaion set up as disorganized industriell sug"ests lication certain ,ketches, some of slrong historical fae.t. rather strongly that we have here literary ability bt!cauile Louis Adamic a perverse elTort to overcome the lIucceeds best when he deals in personal insecurit)· o( highly competitivc "afratin' dellCribing rugged characters. capitalism, Umt the underworld lie now bet-omes an author o f • book All of the! There is no evidence that ~Ir. Adamic hilS reAd Hoxie'll "History of Trade Unions," John It. Commons' "History of AmeriClln Labor," Mary Beard's "A Short History of the American Labor Movement," or ill aware o! any of the forces and attitudea that animate the present day labor movement. If he haa eVlr heard of union co-operative man agement, technical training of appren tices, councils (or industrial relations, theories of wages and standards o( liv ing, in short, any of t he peacetime ac tivitiell of the unionll which in ract make up 99 pt'r cent ot their activities, he gives no evidence In thi$ book. It i8 as ir this WTiter described H . L. Mencken thu8: "n. I~. lIIcncken wall born in Balti_ more, Md. Baltimore, Md., has u. con~iderable German population. Baltimore, Md., at one time had steamship linel! going directly to Ger man porl!!. Mr. Mencken visited Gennany during the World War. He wrote articles for the Atlantic Monthly, gcneroullly interpreting the German point of view. Conclusion: Mr. lIIen cken is an emissary of the German Republic in the United States, though he still hailltrong monarchical sympathies and is in correspondence ('INU "lult·uN' {If th~ I'lit. H.lndlnl I PrllOnfr Wllb the U.IU.b Con.lcll' !tInk. Tude with the Kaiser in Holland." r'nloniMIN In41 Othfr l'rotc.l.nt ..... '.In.t Soclll Con4Utloni Wtre 10 Tre.tcd. • April, 1991 The JOUl"lwl of Electrical lVoI'kers and Operators 191 President Reports Advances to Council HE T£'gular meeting of the Inler aentative Milne'8 letter, indicates ft re national Executive Council opened Broach lays important policies turn to indu8trial serfdom of the Middle T lit International Jleadquune'l'l, Age8, and that the prO I)08ed form of 1200 Fifteenth Street N. W., Wa!; hing be fore International cabinet. Re Dpprentie~l!hlp Indenture has no place in ton, D. C., Marth 2, 1931, at 9 a. m. j turn to medieval serfdom in far modern Industrial relation.; alllo that it Chairman Charlell P. Ford presiding. west, Council hears. Much busi destroy. the civil rights and liberties of Membenl present: G. W. Whitford, apprentices, and denies them the right F. L. Kelley, Edward Nothnagle, CharI!!!! neas tran,aacied. Minutes of meet to respond to atrike call that might be M. Paulsen, G. C. GadlloiB, C. }<'. OliveT, ing officiall y given. propuly ordered by their organization. M. P. Gordan. Moved and lIeconded, that the Council The chair IIPllnintf'O Council Members go on record as opposed to the plan. G. C. Gadbois and C. F. Oliver all audit Motion carried. committee. ceived and considered. Moved and International Secretary Bugniazet ap The International Secretary submiUed seconded. that the appeal be granted. peared before the Council and outlined a the {ollowing application9 for pension Motion rnrripil. proposed plan of using legal rl'st'rve benefits: Appeal of Local Union No. D95, Baton methods as a protective measure in safe L. U. 3, ThomslI Birmingham, Charlu Rouge, La., from decision of the Inter· lfUarding the Brotherhood'8 pension L. Clayburn. Charlcs Ebel, Archie C. national President, laid decillion relal_ funds and s)'1ltem. After eonsideration Erskine, Jam('s A. "'ord, Thomas P. illl!l: to juri~d;ction ovn the new 1.ouilli of the matter, it was movM. ".and sec Ruane, A. G. V05II; L. U. 9, Charlet 1\1. ana State Copitol Building, Baton onded, that the Council endorse the pl8n. Freeman; L. U. 83, W. W. Wade; L. U. Rou~, was received and conaidered. A Motion carried. 101, William C. Muller; L. U. 102, J ohn careful examination of all the com International President Broach ap_ Snyer; L. U. 134, M. M. Canery, R. V. munications and evidence aubmitted to peared before the Council and reviewed Griggs, Charles H. Kehl, W. A. Mac the Council leads the Council to the adminillrative acth'itiel aince the last Donald, George E. Stephenson, Arthur conclusion that the decillion of the meeting. This review dealt with the fol _ Ticknor, F. J. Walker, J O. Warrf'n; International Prealdent harmonized with lowing important matters: L. U. 151, W. J. Morgan; L. U. 677, conditionl cxilting at the time it wa!! Samuel .l,V. Lawrence; L. U. 694, Ru rendered, and the 8010 Ilurpole of the 1. The proposed Board of Trade dolph lIenderson; I. 0., John J. Burns, deci8ion WU8 to guard agalnllt pOl58ible Claims for the settlement of juri8- D. A. C1Hrk. J. H. Dreellbach. Elmer 10.&11 of working opportunltiel on the diction dieputes in the building HamlOn. part of the membership of tho Brother indulltry. Examination of the membership hood in the State of Louisiana. The 2. Our noiationship with the Build recordll of the applicant!! showed that Council believing that decisionl having ing Trades Department of the they were qualified in accordance with luch purpol!es are sound, it WHIj regu American Federation of Labor. the constitution. and it Wall regularly larly moved and seconded. that the all 3. The elimination of long exist moved and seconded. that pen]l ionll be peal of Local No. 99r; be denied. and ing dispute. between local unions. vranted. Motion carried. that the deci8ion of the International 4. The corrections or abuses and The appJitation of Michael J. Bir Pre8ident be austained. Carried. harmful internal 8ituations In vari minghsm, of Local Union 104, BOlton, A communication rrom International ous local unions. MaSll., was reconsidered by the council, Repre8entative J. Scott Milne. Portland, 5. The elimination of jurisdiction together with additional information rl' Orf'., rf'lative to a movcment he reports involvemenlll or long slanding be lating to an alleged arrearage in the as being made to indenture alillrenlices. tween local union8 in certain applicant'll atanding. It being found received. Arter diacu88 ing the contents localitioa. that this information cleared up aUl'gl'd of the communication. it was the Coun 6. Advantages to the membe,rship arrearage, it WHl'I mvved and seconded, Cil'8 cone1uslon thnt th(> constitution of resulting from amalgamRUng or that pension be granted to the applicant. the Brotherhaod provides adequate and merging local unions in certain Motion carried. equitable rl"gulatianll or an apprentice- localities. The following applicationll were con 8hip sysLl" m, and the Council wall unani 7. The needs of the organization sidered, and on account of apparent mous In Its opinion thlll tllU IIrvII08ed to meet demnnds for organizers and arrearage! in the standing af the appli indenture regulation, outlined in Ropr('- .epreaentIlLives--and more help in cants. it was moved and seconded the International Office. that the applications be denied, 8. Centrali:r;ing of activ with the understanding that the Itlea and providing additional eases would be reopened at a lervice to the membership. future meeting in the event addi Summary of Re ferendum 9. The attitude of employ tlonol infor mation concerning ers of our members rej.,'1lrd the lllanding of the membel'll WfUI Ing maintenance of present filed with the council: lI .. rrrrndlim \ 'Olf on ('on~ l i l lition wage elandardl. 1... U. 17, George Bur"", Frank At th .. tim .. of clo.in/{, and bdnre ,..,lnll' to 10. The advantages ac Kublac; L. U. 537, ~h.rtill L. pun. th .. Vlltf ~tAnd" II·' rol1ow. cruing to the membership. Durkin. to their employerll and to Motion carried. l'rollo~I ' lon Nu. I : the electrical indu8try, by Appeal of WilHam H. Kroger. applying rational. common· Card No. 624228, of Local Union otClIIltl m"t1,"d" to til" HJjust No.3, from decision of the Tnter. I'r"p.. ~itlun So. :! : ment of diffcrences-through national President, reccived and the machinery of the National rf'vipwpd. Followinlt the review, In , .. VO'; 3~ 07 2. Council on Industrial Rela O"II,,_etl 3.130 it was moved and ~I'condod. that tione for the .l>:loctrical Con the decillion of the Intornntional In lh& Ill'xt juut' 0' Ih~ JIIUrrllll, (hNO will ~truction Industry. President be sustained. Motion lJe 1\ d~tllllrd rt'IIOft, lifter offi ci,,1 t .. bulution 11 . Slandardi1.inl( wage and carried. hat IJl"rn mll,lt· working a,IITeements-and the Apl>eal of Local Union No. 375. G " IH'G",I ·\ZET . efforts to make the dream of Allentown, Pa., for three months' II atrikeless electrical indus- remission of per capita tnx. re- (~o nttn" .. 't CQ plae 21S) - '- 192 The Journal of Electrical WOl-keys and Operators A.P11:l, 1931 Dile mma of the The Illost serious faclor in the present JOURNAL OF Individualist situation is the fai lure of management. And the most serious factor in the fail ELECTRICAL WORKERS ure of management is the industrial backwardness of American CXOCiaJ Pu~icol ioo International BroIhoixxx! «Bee/rical Worke" bankers and capitalists, and of their unofficial representatives in the government. The 58 rulers of America named by an American ambassador a year ago have proved to be old-fash . f ioned, frightened bourbons, with no sense of social responsi bi lity. and no philosophic grasp upon their own business. They t o the Organ ized are beneath contempt in their handling of the great jobless Labo r disaster. They assert that man a~ent and government can do noth ing about unemployment. It is a mechanical difficulty that Volume xxx Wnhtllk\OD, D. C •• April, 11131 No.4 must cure itself. They say this, and then they stupidly go about doing something about it. They do a reprehensible thing. They cut wages. If business were a mechanical Why No " In any country except the United Sta[~ process, why cut wages? No, the only gleam of policy shown Re volution ? thefe would ha\'c been a rc\'o\urion." This by the 58 rulers of America and their representatives in gov_ is the comment of a shrewd observer on ernment is a policy of grab, get, of clean-up-as much as pos industrial conditions in this great nation. W ith 8,000,000 ~ible-whi le the country groans and bleeds. men without work, and with 20,000,000· on parHime, there The truth is the individualism of American rulers can not is created a situation, which, in a less stable nation, wouid offer anything in the present crisis. Individualism is dean provoke rials, bloodshed, even extreme overturn. It is well except as a disguise for greed. to examine into the why of this stability, or if not stability, Individualism did better in the panic of 1921. There I\'R~ t his a~nce of violence. more social insi2ht, more intelligence, less reaction shown. We pass over as beneath contempt the charge that it is due The President's unemployment conference, the effort to wip~ to the general helplessness. stupidity and low-spiritedness of Oil! ~eaS() nal lay-ofts in the bu~ding trades, the elimination of the great masses of American people. waste-all thC,,'Se were sound policies. To match these today 1. The complexity of American lifL'-the lack of IIllity ,here is nothing- only a lot of inane chatter about prosperitl' the inabil ity to lay responsibility for want, poverty and unem· just around the corner. ployment at the door of anyone agent. This is a mechanica l Vie repeal that the failure 9f management and the economic difficulty, inherent in the established order. illiteracy of bankers and of their unofficial re presentatives in 2. Refusal to bclie\'l:: that the present depression is 'In) tllill)! /o!ol'ernment is the most serious obstacle to recovery. but temporary. The memory of better times, the conscious n~ perhaps, that in a productive system as highly geared as Progr e aaive The strength of the progressives, who re ours, with its tremendous supercapacity, it will ~ possible Conference cently met in conference in Washington, is in time to distribute goods on a lavish scale. that the established order is on the defensive. 3. The awareness that the American system is an industrial Two years ago this was not true. Two years ago every critic s}'5tem; that most revolutions are political, and can affect who offered a mild suggestion for improvement was put upon industrial and economic conditions but little. defensive. But to uy that the strength of this or that political 4. Finally, and in a paramount degree, the state of mind group is only the we:t1mess of its opponents is to say notl'linl! of American trade unionists. This may be described as real at all. No real political movement can be built OUI of ization of the futility of violence in a rational industrial sys negations. tem such as ours. American trade unionists should know This does not mean that the progressives have not the intd· about violence. They have been victims of it. They should ligence and the will to lift their campaign to the level of he authorities upon if. They have suffered under it. positive reconstruction . The noteworthy fact about their con Yet upon this 1351 point, hangs, as a corollary, a kind of ferenCe \\'as the amount of real brain power it attracted. T ht unwritten compact, as between American labor and American foremost economists of the country attended. Yet it wa~ management. This unwritten compact implies intelligence, apparent that the emphasis was upon political rather than social-mindedness, and a willingness to effect change on the economic reform. Perhaps this was inevitable. But it will pa rt of management. not be enough. This country is an industrial nation. I! i~ Should management fail in these last categories then indeed more advanced industrially than any nation on earth. h s conditions may be created which will mean a serious wrench wants are technological. Its ills are technological. M ett to the American s),stem. political_ palliatives will not cure them. In fact, this records Ihe dileIRma of the progressive: how • If this figure appears exct!si,'e. it should IIf' remembered Ih3! ('a n he effect through the ballot-box the necCS5ary industrial it repreSenl5 leu than three timet the unemployed. reforms needed? The hopeful fact, however, about the progressiye confer All the discussion of unemployment has served to stress this ('/lce was the accord between economists, business expert~. bct-there is no ~ubstitute for a job. rt'~ellTch persolls. Congressmen. labor leaders and farm leaders. AP1-it, 1931 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators 193 An Old American How much is any man worth to sion among the sweat-shoppers with a new scale of wagts, • CUltom society? This is a hard question to on an average 33 per cent below the union scale. He solemnl y answer. fu natural elemrnt~, thl'l declared that this new scale represented the prevailing rate of human body is worth, at market pricts, about $7.50. The pay. Who set this standard, what employers he interviewed American nation says that its prtsident is worth $75,000 a is not clear. His little gamr, however, is dear. If it succeeds, ye ar. This may be part of a policy of undcr paymcnt, hur it will be just another side-srepping of law by public official5. as it is, it may be considered something of a criterion. It is destined to bring opprobrium and contempt Ilpon law and pretty safe to say that no man is worth $1,000,000 a year to governm('nt, ~ociety. Perhaps the discoverer of radium, the inventor uf the vacuum tube, the discoverer ef a cure for rellow fcver, the creator of the theory of relativity are worth $1,000,000 Anti·Trust To their own satisfaction tWO American a year 10 society. But these valuable citiuns never get that Lawl Again conservative groups have found a way to sum. On the other hand, it is safe to say that no busines.~ amend the anti-trust laws. These groups are man, no matter what his position, earns a year. $1,000.000 the National Manufacturers' Association and the American Bar' Nor does society pay any of them that S\lm. Rut by the Associat ion. The National Manufacturers' Association has been curious American custom of allowing certain men to set their notorious in its support of these laws, and in setting up blind own salary figurts, many men are evaluating their se rvicts legal agencic::; to in \·ok.e them in atlilcb agaill~l haJc ullioll" II at $1.000,000 a rear, or more. Take that bunch of high is no surprise, therefore, that the National IH anufacturen' binders in charge of the Bethlehem Steel Corporation. They Association wants to keep the anti-trust I:l.\vs upon the books. were supposed to be working for a sa!llrY of say $12,000 a The association be1ie\'ts that it has found a way to keep the rear. By a system of secret bonuses they were lifting this to laws on the books so that they can be ready for use against approximately $1,000,000 a year. Now tht' stockholders do labor. and still not be binding upon big business. It would OOt believe they arc worth it, and arc suing the corporntion confer jurisdiction upon the Federal Trade Commission &0 for redress. Even if some judge contends that the Bethlehem Ila~ in ad\'ancc upon contracts in rtstraint of trade and to barons "earn" $1,000,000, he will not be able to convince determine in advance wbether the proposed merger violatts thoughtful men of his "justice". the law-that is, is reasonable or unreasonable. This, of It is curious, too, that when an electrician sets a value of course, puts a nice weapon in the hands of the Federal Trade $3,000 a year on his services-servicts probabl y as iOirinsically ("ommi ...~io n, but it i~ no grr.aler wr.apon tban it already has valuable to society as those of some executivts-he is oflen at least in practice. accused of profiteering. It is an old American custom. American labor will watch developments in this field dosely. It will lIut Oe takrn ill uy tilt emlOTSellJelit uf tile New Deal A significant meeting was held at Kansas City Manufacturers' plan by the American Bar As5ociation. It last month. It brought together leaders in is prepared to continue its fight for repeat of laws used against the electrical construction. elect rical manufacturing, and it alont'. ancl against intolerable abuse of the injunction process. related branchts of the premier industry of the nation. These men talked seriously about the problems confronting the indus try especially the "family" problems relating to practicts :\Od Comment Labor, in hard times, should bewa re of two conduct of business. The conference was called by the Fed· In Brief things. Beware of the salts tax, that is, a tax rra! Trallr Commi~~ion. It rf.Sulted in the agreement Upon on everything one eats and wears, and beware a tentative set of regulations expected to govern the industry, of war. These two "remedits" are age-old. - - • affecting vitally the construction branch, and culminating in Daniel Willard, prtsident of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, the elimination of cut-throat, sne3k-thief pmcticts. The part told an auuknce in Philadelphia that capitalism is faulty, "A that union employers plared in the calling, connuct. ancl direc system-call it what you will-under which it is possible for tion of this important conference is evidence of their de ter 5,000.000 or 6,000,000 of willing ann able-bodied men to millatioll to lift tlu: inJu:;try tu a HC,W level of acco"hpli~hlllent. be OUt of work for months at a time, and with no other source of income, cannot be said to be perfect or even satisfa ctory. On the contrary, it can be said to have failed ill at least one Law-Oreaken The- prevailing rate of wage bill pUlled important detail." - - - D ean \ Vallace Bre tt Donham. by Congrtss, was intended to set up a business man, head of H arvard Business School, also raps standards. It re-prtsente-d an advance on old methods in the the American system in his book, "Business Adrift". ft is realm of human practicts of government. Under its provi the planlessness of the system which he condemns. - - • sions, the Federal government is required to doff the role of Engine service Brotherhoods have asked the Interstate Com sweat-shopper, and assume the role of standard bearer in the merce Commission for a ruling to require all locomotives to field of living standards, just as it assumts a role of standard be equipped with mechanical stokers and power reverse gears. bearer in the field of ma terials, or weights and measurts, Dots labor oppose automatic machinery? • • • The The ink was hardly dry upon the bill. when Charles L. _assets of the Bell T elephone Corporation are now $5,000.000.· Koh[er, Director of the Budget, New York City, a little man OOO-making it the largest corporation in the world, and the in an important place, made what he called his own survey most powerful. The corporation had 40 ,000 fewer employets of wagt rat~ in that district. He came back from his e"cur- at the end of 1930. • • • J 94 The Journal 0/ Electdcal Workers and Opemlors Apl"il, L931 • WOMAN'S WORK " EASIER MOTHERHOOD" POINTS WAY TO RELIEVE SUFFERING ftrt·irlt· of U lI(,W /look by Conlltrrllce J~. Todd s it necessary for women to suITer bid fears of the prospectivc mother are hospitals in all states, showing what I horrible tonnents in order to bring nllnyed when she knows she can rcly on methods of pain relief in childbirth are children into the world? Constance her doctor for help when she neros it; used, and names many where the Gwnth L. Todd thinks not, and from her own she Clln go through the struggle with less mey technic has been used with succe~~, experience and her investiga.tions at strain on her nerves, and in many cases, She also outlines how women may in hospitals all over the United States, she less physical strain as weil; nnd after it quire for practitioners of thill method in has writen a book called "Easier Mother is o,'cr, her period of cOI\\'ale9Cence is their own locality. Rer book, "Easier hood," which she hopes will make women found to be more comCortable and rest Motherhood," is published by the John realize that the ordeal of childbirth may ful. be freed from pain and (ear if they will This is substllntiated by records at the Day Company. If you ha\'e a personal only insist that it flha ll be, and this with New York Lying-in Hospital, where the interest in this. problem, by all mean8 out harmful effeets to child and often Gwathmey method has been in use for send for it, or get your library to send with beneficial effects to mother. From !!Orne years. Doctors, nurses, as well a/l for it. Auxiliaries might find this book her own experience and (rom investiga the mothers, are enthusiastic lIbout it, an important subject tor rellding and tions IIhe has made in hospitals all over Records of hundreds of cases show that discussion. Constance Todd, by tbe way, the United States, Mrs. Todd has com· the analgesia, if skillfully administered, is 1I Washington woman and the wife of piled the record of the Gwathmey tech has no harmful after effects to cither Lawrence Todd of the Federated Pres.... nic. of synergistic colonic analgesia. mother or child. II labor !lews agency, There are Beveral methods of relieving Why is it iJlat this mereiful mcans of Her book is written in a clear, easily pain during childbirth, from the fru~nl relieving pain, used at many of the most understandable manner, with all tech whiff of chlC»'oform at. the actual birth modern hospitals, is so little known to nical terms explained and defined in the to the complete anesthezia of t.wilight. the genera! public! Perhaps it is pllftly glossary. sleep, which keeps the patient. uncon due to the feeling that the lIubject of scious all during the process. But many childbirth can be discuMCd only in the doctors seemingly do not believe in mak most confidential manner, and women AUXILIARI ES HELP JOBLESS ing any effort to relieve the sufferings of lKlCking information hardly dare ro ask womankind, Mrs. Todd says. They main for it except of their family physician, The !!ituation i5 dire indeed when tain t.hat "nature's way is bes!.." It is who quite frequently takes thc conserva a jobless woman finds hersel£ without II for this reason that. t.he author believes tive \·jew lind relies on "nature" entirely, home or means of support, according to a concerted demand must come from the Other J"('asons why the majority of doc Mrs. Mllry Ryder, president ot the Joint women themselves, who are the ones who tors do not usc it are that it would in {'ouncil of Women's Auxiliaries of St. actually feel the pain, for some safe, volve some special training for them Louis, where the need for aid has be· simple and inexpensive method of mini selves; 1Ilso. they wouM have to sp('nd come so great that the auxiliary group mizing it.. more time with the patient, has established two reliel stations where From her studies Mrs. Todd con But everything comes to those who tood and lodging nre furnished ro home cluded that of all the various methods, d(,mand it nnd if women's demand is less women, and jobs provided for them the Gwathmey, spoken of above, known stron~ and persistent enou~h, doctors if possible, as nn analgesia, was the most llUitable, will have to adopt this modern method While the city had provided a muni for by the injection of only small of scientific kindness. cipal lodging house for jobless men, and amount.8 of drugs, this produces a condi many missions open their doors to them, tion not of unconsciousness but of in!len P a in Minirnited it is difficult for a woman to find a re sitiveness to pain, in which the patient Mrs, Todd emphasizes that the Gwath spetltnble low priced lodging house. to drowsily compliea with the commands 01 llI€,y t-echnic cannot be relied upon 10 !rive say nothing of a free one, when circum the doctor, sometimes lIcarcely rem€'m• a complete relief from pain, but it does slances make that necessary. And wo bering anything of the process by which so to a great extent, and mllkes the or men cannot sit all night on park benches her baby was born. One western doctor den! n great deal less than the horror of lind keep their self-respecl said in his report on this technic: "Suf mOllt women's experience, She says: Tn the two houses, one of which was fering in childbirth is well-nigh inexcus "Today there is no perfectly satisfllc opened in November, H130, and the other able as the procedure is within the reath tory method of dea\in~ with thl' pain of in January, 1931, a total of 15,15lO1ea\s of 11.11." childbirth, I'ither \0 lessen or to ~rant were served, lodgings furnished to 2,096, immunit),. Such methods wi11 come, mllny lind 607 placed in emploYOltln!.. S ympllthy Produced Method obstetricillns believc; whnt we hllve to " 'Ve found many alllrming conditions It is significant that this method was dny is infinitely better than the old, surrounding women and ~irl8 who have invented by a doctor who could not stand shrieking horror of yesterday, nnd it enr no actu[ll homes," Mrs. Ryder declared. the Bight of nero less suffering. Instead ries the sanction of most of the best "We have had an iIluminliting educlI-Uon. of shrugging his shoulders nnd saying m('dil'al opinion in the country. Ob We find that women have actually be that this waB the common fate of women, \'iou~ly, better methods wj1J be worked come migratory and are vcnturing out he devoted his time ro finding a way of out if lit [Ill, by those who use what we from state to state trying to get away changing it. " Interfering with nature" now hllve. If worn_en cnrc, let them give from poverty and distrcss, Their suffer has not had a hnrmful effect; in fact, an informed and persistent support to ing has made them venturesome nncl mllny doetore who hnve used the Gwath their b('nefnctors of today, thllt their they are actually trying to mllke their mey technic believe it has 1I beneficial nil me Illlly become legion." way to a ncw field even with smal1 chil after -etfect. In the first place, the mor- Mrs. Todd's book contain!' a 1i~t of dren in their arms. April, 19!Jl 7'lI e Jaw'nat 01 Elfct/icol iVorkel's and Operators 1!)5 In-format r..,oett.s fo .. Wo~rn.e,..d.O.", . • Frc.Sh Tl ew coloy.I, g~y pflnt" and SPOfty SC.' lpt) m.ll(e Colton fY()(ks 'MOfe appu.lm8 than t.'Id Tht)r; dr(uu ay, $POlUOfCd.. by'1h~ Co llan lelltde l""rall/fe. 196 The Journal 01 Electl'ical Workers and Operators April,1931 CONSTRUC T IVE HINTS [I II Sinell! Phau &Ioton Shor1-Clrculled Shunt FIeld Ratio AdJul ler Sinelo ph'" moton are built In .nenl A .hort circuited thunt lI.eld ean be found The ratio adjuster II a con.-en!ent and ra dllfereot type., 1'b: Repol.lon, repul,lon hI the .ame telt, the .-ohmet'r dellktlon be· liahle de.-iee for chanrine lapa in high .-olt Induction and eenductlon types. and .r. Inr lea.t on the deledl.-, coli. The ahort are windings of Itandard high .-ollage trani (or eon.tant or .... r l.ble speed uniee. The clr.:uitlnr of one field coli mly eaally relult formera. The lap leads are eatried direct to repul,ion Induction type I, the mOlt Cener. In burnlne out of one or more of the othen the ratio adJuating mec:hanil[Q loeated balde ,II,. tiled of ,II . Inrle ph... motofl and if full ",Ilap II applied to the circuit, unleta lhe lap colla. In thil way complicated lead. i. f urnl.hed for ('on,tant end .... fi.hle a r eal Ita nee equi.-alent to that of a perfect and termlnll boards are dllpented with. Th. speed,. eoll II induded in t he cln:ult. ratio adjulter la actUated throua:h en Inlullt Inc rod connectlni: the mechanilm with the Cartrld" Hulen Single-Ph ..e MoI.on dial and handle which il loeated above till oil lenl. A hand hole in the conr II pro Cartridge type heater. Ire uled where It Single-phase, allernatlnr~u rrent moton I, de.lred to concentrate, larl' amou nt of .-Idld Immediately above tho dial In the li ra: are at the present time ex.tremely populllr In .r liles of transforme..... The .-oltale mull hut in " .man .pace. They eootlst of • Ilzea f rom 1·76 to 1·115 honepowlr. Th, In bran ahell In which the coiled htatlng ele alwlYI be remo.-ed from the trln.lormer dustrial demand II for theae moton to be when tIl'll are beinll changf!d. ment b contained. They bave been danl built into .acuum eleanen, hand Ihaper a, oped upeclelly for luch ."pUntlon. al Hwing mlchin .., ele·ctrlc drllll, portabl, Attachment Pille clgarette-m.kinC ma.:hlnH, .hoe machine., machine tooia, Imall blowen, motion pletura etc. In machine. of tM, kind they .re In- machlnea, advertising de.,lces, olllce davlcn• An emergency .cnw attachment plUIl can • talled by in.ertlnr , hoJe drilled In the be made by faatenlng the lamp leadl to cllting whleh tranamltl tha hut to the Inl' Pnlyphue Motorl acrew Ihell and ba.e of an Edilon fu .. terial being trelted. The maslmum opent· Polyphase conduction motofl Ifa built In plue· Ing t~mperatur. of the.. huten la 800 degreea Flhrenheit. two typea: Squirrel care Ind IUp rlnr or Cleaning n andl wire-wound typel. The squirrel cap r otor Tral\.rormer Dryer type baa I nearly conllant Ipeed htattlng A number of mechanicI ule ploline, t ur. torque hillh) and I, the type mOlt Ilenerally pentlne, nr walhing powder to removelnlula In Inlllmng oll-Inaulated t randormen "r - used for dri.-ing machinery. The Illp tlni: tlon from their handl In clean Inc up for hig)! vOltlgll It II neeeDary to dry out thor· motor il adapted for a Ipet!d .-arlatlon rang home. All ot these do not help the handl_ ou£bly thll core Ind coill belore fIlllnl with ing from 50 per cent to 100 per cent and II First toften t ho inlulation by rubbinr tha oil. Thil Cln be don. by dn:ulllting huted alao ulled for const~mt IpHd ser.-lee. Both hands with lard oil, mlchine oil. or motor air through the tran.l ormer windingl. If Iquirre! cage and Illp ring type motors elln crean. When the In",lalion b lo{tened electric power II nallable the mOlt con.-en· be supplied for IIn y frequency or .-oltlre and wipe handl with cotton wute. Then fi nllh ient de.-lee for thil lervlce conlilll of an for different Speedl. the hindi with .oap and ""ater. elect ric lir huter combined with I blower. The helter and the blowe r will ral .. the tem peraturll of 800 tb 8(;0 cubic feet of ai r per CALL BELL CIRCUITS WITH A VARI ETY OF CONTROLS minute, h om 25 to 90 derreu. The tempera ture II held at about 85 degreel IJO AI to Ivold Injurinc the 1:0 11 huulatlon. "I!!!RATINS I!IU-U nandllnlJ Machinery (n hoisting or movlna motou or genera. _ ""'TT~ItIU _ torll use you r hu d and play IIh. Corr edly ntlmat. the weight to be hoilled. U.e a __, I T ~ """" _ good .trona bloek and fanl. Don't attempt T''''"'''' to hobt a one-Inch rope load with a quartl!1'_ GROI.N)[O RC~N"'"- c.-u. .:l'INGLL UNf: inch ~lothH line. Remember that a 10-bone l5'lTTERIO - i!. f'IlINT eurTONS- BOTi""l1!IfI..U RING power motor doel the work of 10 hOllH. I n order to do thla work the motor requlr.. proper copper wlndlne and a proper frlme of the required welllht to properly hou.. a D IO-horsepower re.-ohinr nmature. All of P tbil mean. dead weight to boilt and it al.o munl that the International Brotherhood 'I electrical workn who play. ufe will II.-e and -0 linger and careltu worken will li.-e and ~ rec"t. '-' Sa(ely Switches Endolled uhly Iwltch ... of all kindl are a direct help towardl beUer elktrical conltrue_ tion. I n .-arioul inllailltloni the u .. of ufety awitch", and bUllon control of elec· trical machinel"J' baa eatabUlhed conduit wir ing on a II.rm buil. Open wiring on cleata and knob. and wooden mouldinr lire rapidly becominr things of the aneient pa.t. Metal mouldinr Is not al uUalaetory a. it may be made to appear by the manutaduren. Me_ cblnle. uperience dUII ~ ulty In leulnr me l.lll moulding properly lined up on ceiling runa. The multIplicity ot parh required I. a nother .. rloul drawblck. In direct compa rilon con· duit r equir. few tool.: the needed fl ttlnllII Ire ullly estimated and Itoeked and runl ~an be lined up and f ..tened aec urely and II.nlahed to match thl Interior flnilh easily. April, 1991 Tlte Jour1wl of J;.,'lee l rical iVorkers and Operators 197 EVERYDAY S CIENCE II II Kuen'olr Ib lf bllle Abo"e r o ... er 1I 0Dl~ tween light and livinc thin.... We know the IiI' dry, and new haetari. unnot let. from dan, observ.tlon th.t pl.nll mU l t start in • dry .tmolphere. The hlghul htad of ....ttr .t prelent d~· ' have light in order to Ihrive . nd Irow. A "~Ioped In th. United Sutu for the pra. healthy pl.nt brouch! Into • dark room Tho alagle Wand In l' holography duetion of electric po.er II uled at the loon 101C1 itl vicor .nd frubneu, .nd be SUPPOIe we coat one lide of • Cl ... plate Bueka Creek PI.nt of the Feather RI"er cornu yellow .nd drooping. PI.nll do not with .ilver chloride, just .s we might put a Po ... er Comp.n" In C.lifornl., Thl. pl.nt, aU .gTee .1 to the .mount of light they re co.t of v.rnllh on • eh.ir. WI must bl ree~ ntly placed In opentlon, h ... c.padty quire, for lome, like. the violet and tha very ure!ul to co.t the pl.te in the dark ot "'0.000 kiluwaU... d ...... I"'p .. ..1 _t • c .... l of .rbutul. grow belt In moderate lI,ht, while room-th.t II•• room from which orllin.ry $7.600.000. The height of ... un In the othen. like the willowi. need the Itronl, d.yllght I. excluded_therwlll the tun retervoir .bove the power houlII II 2.6G:! lull be.m. of the .un. But nearly .n com light will .ep.rate the silver chloride .nd feet. which ueeedl th.t of .ny other de· mon pl.nh, whate.. er they are. Ilcken and .poil our plan. Then lay. hounhoe on velopment In Ihe United Statea .t the pru· die if deprived of lunlllht for. lonl time. the plate for good luck. end urry the pl.tl ~nt time. Thll creat head producu • pres. Thll i, likewi .. true In the animal world. lure In the peutockl .t the powu houle of out Into Iha light for. second. Thl Iilht Durin&, long trlnl port.lion, anlm.b are will lepar.te the lilver chloride Into chlor_ 1.100 pound. per . qu.re Inch. sometimes neceuarily confined In d.rk un, Therfl ut! two penltockl. each .... 800 ftet Ine .nd IU ver. the latter ot which will re with the l'I'.uit th.t m.ny deathl ouur, even m.in on the pl.te u a thin film. All of Ihe lo ng. The upper ,ectionl. 2.100 feet long thou&,h the car il well .ired .nd ventil.ted pl.te w... ffected by the .un u;eept the tange in dhlmcter from 6<1 Inch .. at the .nd IbtI lood .upply good. Lllht and Irelh upper end to ... 2 Inches .t the lower end, portion protected by the honeshOI which. .Ir put color into pile cheek,. jUl t .. IIlht beClule It II opaque, would not alloW' light where the thleknell of the Iide w.lI. II one .nd .ir tranlform lick I" yellowbh pllntl .nd • quuter Inehea. The lower p.rl! of to p.n through .nd re.ch thl pl.te. If no" into hllrd, green onu. Plent, 01 frelh all'. the plate il carried back to the dark room the penltoeka .re of ,ped.1 COnltruction light ••nd pure water .t'II the watchwordl with .n intern. I dl.metllr nf :\6 Incbea. .nd thl honuhoe il removed. one would .,.inlt dise.se. ..",p.,cL Lu ..... un the plate an impreasion or lI )'dr.... Eledrle l'ower In United Sbtn In .ddition 10 thfl pl.nla and .nlm.1I the hone.hoe. beeaule the portion pro which we lee, there .re many Ilr.nge un tected by the horseshoe wOllld be covered by According to lha U. S. Ceolor\e.1 Survey, leen onu flo.ting In the atmolphere .round Iilver chloride and the expond unprotected the development of w.ter power in the UI. lying in tha lIult of cornel' or eloltt. portion would be covered b, metillie .i1ver. United St.tlll on J.nu.r, I, 19211, ••, 13,- growing In the wllter we drink, ond throng But we are much di5epllolnted b«:."Ole the 571.630 honepower •• 1'1 Increue of 10.4 pi)ol' In, dec.yed veget.ble and .nlm.1 matter. pl.te, when ex.mined eger 10 eBfefull" cent over the previolll ye.r. Of thlt in Everyone knowa that mildew .nd vermin do Ihow. not Ihe l lightes' eh.nge in .ppear_ crellle. 30 per cent w., .ccounted for by dlmaglP. In the home and in the field. bllt .nce. The eh.nge i. Ihere, but the un the Conowlnlo development on the SUB very few undentand that, in .dditlon to .ided eye c.nnot detect the ehllnge. Soml quehann. Rjv,,!,. thna visible enamlll of man, there are chemical, the 10 called "developor," mUlt be Thl. tot.1 hydro-electric development IWprml of invilible planb .nd .nlmall. uled to bring out the hidden chlnge .nd to conll,ts of 3,376 individual planta. of whleh lome of whleh do far more dam.le, both reveal the Image to our unteelng eyea. 1,606 .re public uti1ltlu with a e.padty of directly .nd indiredly, than the leen Ind There .re many different dnelopera in Ult!, 11,886,336 honepower, .nd 1.770 milcel lamilillr enemiea. All IUch very amall anyone ot which w111 effect the neeeuary tan"uul ,,1.,,11 with a tot.1 capacity of plllnlJ lind IInimlll ~ IIr~ knnwn II ~ mlrrn_ trensform.tlon. Wh.n thl pl.te h .. been 1,085.194 honepowcr. Public utility planh organhml. in the developer for. few leeondl, the averllged 1.406 honepower e.ch. and the In Not all micro-orglnl.ml lire harmlul: Illver coating gradually darkenl. alld Ilowly dUltrlal plant I only 952 honepower each. lome lire our friend. and lire &I helpful to but lurely the imlge printed by tha lun'l In geolrraphlul diltributlon. California U .t lire cultivattld plllnh lind dome.tlcllted ray. 'ppe.n. But we mUlt not take thl, leads all other . tll~CS with 2.228.5211 hona 'nimill.. Among the IIIOI~ Import.nt of the pictUre Into the li i:'ht . beeaule the "il'l'lIr power, or 18 .• pel' cent of the tot.l. New micro-organisml .re blleterill. which In chloride which wu protected b, the hone_ York, whleh Includes Nlalar. F.lls, he! • clude .mong their number both friend .nd ahoe il I tl11 pruent, and would be Ilrongly tot.1 of 1.813,600 horsepower, or U.s ptr foe_ In the houlehold. baetarill .re a truit Iffected by the flnt Ilimmer of light, .nd, cent of the tol.1. Maine rank. el&,hth with rul .outee of trouble. but .ome or them are as a relult, our entire pl.le would become a total of 638.781 honepowfr, 01' 19 flPf diltinctly friend.. The dellellte flavor of limHar in character and there would be no cent of the tot.l. The louthem atatel ltand butter and the I h.rp but ple.,ing talte of eontr.. ' to aive .n im.gl of the honeshoe high In hydro-electric development_ North cheele .re produced by b.cteria. On the on the pl.te. Carolin. i, credited with 81 .... 000 bone other hand. bacterl•• rt the c.ule of many But a photograph on gl.. . . whleh mUlt power: AI.b.ma 199.085. South Carolin. of the most danleroul dlle.. u. luch .1 be e.refully .hlelded from tha lIaht and 57 .... 000 .nd Gtol1:ia 6-43.686. rankin" tbird. typhoid revel'. tubereulolil. influent.a ••nd .dmired only In the d.rk room. would ba fourtb • • h:tb .nd .eventb respectivel,. la Crippe. neither pleasurable nor pr.ctlcal. If thera Aecordinc to the Feder.1 Water Power By c.uful oblen.tlon .nd nperlment._ were aome WI, b, wbich the hitherto "On_ Commillion, lha total water power in the tion It haa been Ihown eonclu,ivel, that .ffected liI,-." chloride could bl tot.lly re United Statu avall.ble r.o per nnl of time lunliCbt r.pidl, kl1ll bacteria, .nd th.t it mO'l'ed, it would be ponible to take the pl.ta totab 56.000.000 bonepower, which will per il onl,- In d.mpne.. and d.rknell that b.e_ into .ny IIcht without fear. To .ecompll.h mit of an Inltall.tlon of m.ehlne!"J upablt teria thrive and multlpl,. AhhoUlh IUn_ thll. the "OnchanlM .ih'er chloride il cot of produc\nc 76.000.000 honepower . light ;1 enenti.1 to the crowth of mOil rid of b, the process tedlnlcally called In 1928 the total .mount of eleclricity pt.nll .nd animili. It rflt.rdl and preventl "fixinc"; that i. by ...... hlng oft' the \lnn_ produced b, then h,dro-eleetrlc planla W.I the growth of b.cterla. Dirt and dUlt u dueed .lIver chloride with a lol\ltion aoch U,6116,000,00fI kllo.... tll •• n Incre... of 16.1 pond to the lunllght 10le their I1vlnll:' b.e ...odillm thlolulphite. common I, known .. per cent over the previou. ye.r. In 1929, on kri•• ",hil .. In d.m).> cdlan .n..l .... rk .,ur_ hypo. Aller a bath in the hypo lhe plate account of the uUllive droucht It il be_ ners the bacteria thrive. inere•• inl:' Itudll,. i, cleanled In clear running water .nd left lieved that the tot.l output ot hydro_elee_ In number. For thll r ea~on our hOUl1li 10 dr,. Such. proeul ,iv .... clear and trldty will not be much in ueeu of the .hould ba kept lIChl and liry; bllndl Ihould permanent picture on the plate. be railed. even if ellrpet, do fide; It It output of ID:!8. the total Increase In elec II rdto Electr idt, Decr".,ed In I U' tric po"'er reneratlon belnl accounted for better Ihnt corpetl nnd furniture Ihould by tham pl.nU, which have a total ca t.de ·th.n that dileue-produdnl baderla Act'ordlng to the final report to r 1929 of p.dty of 20.852.000 kilowatts, .nd produced .hould find. perm.nent .bode within onr the U. S. Geological Survey, the tol.1 63.164.000 kilowattl In 19:!8. dwellings. Kilchel1l and pllntrlu In pllr amount of electricity produced In hrdro. tlcular ahould be thoroughly lilhted. Bed_ eledrle planll for public distribution w .. 1.llI: ht . l'IIt Dl u.ae dothll!s. rugl. lind clothing should bl IX_ llightly II .. th.n in 1928. While no ftgura. pOled to the lunllsht 1\1 frequently 1\1 PO I aN! .;-iven, It Is auumed th.t a Ilmilar. or The far-reachlnlt elrect which light hal aible; there il no better aafeguard a&,alnl1 larger. deereul! occurred in hyd ro-electric upon lome lnllnima" objectl. luch as blcterlal disease than light. In. ltek production by private manufacturing pl. nil photogr.ph!e fllma .nd clothe., le.d. UI to room lunllght Is upeel.lly valn.ble, be_ which do not contribute to the puhllc Inquire Inlo the relation which exil!a be_ cau .. it not only kllli bllcterl., but ke~p . ,uPpl,. • 198 Th e Journal QI ElectJical il'orker8 alld Opemtors Am-a, 1991 RADIO TELEVISION ALREADY ON COMMERCIAL BASIS OT lOll, ago we eelebrated the 10lh Therefore, It becoomel obvioul thllt broad It haa rar to go ~for. it il comp.rllbl~ .nniYf'f.aTY ot broad"a.tlng. Just. casting .11 by no meana new when Station to the multi-tube 11'11 of tod.y, with their N decade ago. during the 1920 Pruldential KOKA Inlugur.ted ita aervke. lIut the big eplendld loud-speaker reproduction; but ney_ election, S~.tlon KDKA, of thl' Wuting point to bear in mind I, thlll KDKA defi crtheieu, the public i, willing to .uppon houle CompllllY, w('nl on th\" air on a rl'gu nitely took broadcasting out of the purei)· the young en during III 'ormllliYe period. I.r or .cheduled baili. Thuerore, KOKA is experimental field ,nd mllde It a eommer ju.t .. it lupporled the aound bro.deliUng looked upon Il. the pioneering brolldcasting cial institution. thUB I.ylnl' the lound.tion art during the put decIde-provided alway" Itation, and lh. Wutlnghouse orll"lIli~ation ror the mighty radio indUllry which followed. lhlt the public i. taken iMO eonsid~ratlon recel,," full /:redlt for having InauguralI'd hy the broadcastcn. From now on tlldlo· the prl!'8(!nt bl"Olidca.tin&, era. And that i. 1t,·llablltl)· Not Yt't Achll'ved vi.ion deyelopment il l.rcely I matter of precilely u It Ilhould be. TeleYhlon il muth In the .. ma pOlilion Ihowm.nshlp, rather thlln pure engineering However, It II not generAlly ruli~ed that todll),' 81 carly lOund broadt8lllng W81 prior JUII as ahowmanship made lOund broadcalt· broadea.tlng I, • rather old 11(1r)'. Twenty to 1\ OI\A. In other worda, thera are ICy· inll' n ~ommercilll re.lity, ao musl showmnn five yeau ago ...- rIOUI attempt. were made ernl stillion' on the air. bro.dcllatlng pie· ship Uan.form the radloYi,ion experiment ture prol'rllma more or lUI regul ..ly. but, Into the tlldio\'iaion indultry. until now, without Iullkient ""UllbLJity to Two Commer cial Stalione warnnt the averllltf! fIImlly lpendlnjf .e.. enl hundl't'd dollara for fft.el ..lng equipment. With the foregoing thought In mind, ...... :'olo~t or the tranamllteu In operation are er.1 orraniutionl today are altemptin, 10 of a purely experimental nature. aubject to introduce Ihowmanlhip into r.dlovi,ion. Sev. frequent changea. In other .. orda, the "look. er.1 .tatiODI are now operating on • flirly ing-in" public la nally taking "art in a rfltular achedule. in o rder to intenlt tht laboratory experiment, whlcb, ..h11 ••ttrlU: public In radiovizlon. Twg lIationii .re oper tive perbapi to the avid radl.. amateur, ia ating In tbe metropolitan Sew York ar... or little inten!flt to th. a ..erake home enter· nllmely, W2XCD of tbe DeFore.t R.dio Com. lIlnment leeker. Many who have bought pany at Pallllic, S. J .•• nd W2XCR of the radiovi,ion equipment h.ve been ..dly diaap· Jenkin, Tel"";lion Corpor.tion It Jeraey pointed at tuning in evening IIftl!r evenitt, City, N. J., from 10 o'clock in the mornln.: merely to experimllnt .nd eyen to program until 1I o'cloek at night. The progtlmlcom IC!!J! Mallout. Radloyilion worker. hllye prl,e illm Bubjects, at well al direet pickup ~hown the nnsty trllit or chllnglng their or IIvln, lubjeeh. transmitter! on thll "ery dny of RII impor Tbo entertainment poulbllltJel 01 radlo tnnt demonstration, re~ultlnk In II ycry poor vilion lire largely dependent on the enter showing at II time when they should put prlte of the hroadcutera theml!elyel. Teeh. forth their beat efforts. ConaoquenUy, ra· niell\ly, II choice 01 three ilelda b now lIYall· diovllion hnl received 1\ r llth'lr low Tilting Hble: iltlt, by the illm picku p, whertby in th .. dllily prcu. even Ihoul:lh th.. dRy-in 8tllndllrd IIlml are Icanned 10 that their plt_ nnd·dlly-out resu]lI .re far better thlln ;1 ture. mllY be transmilled: second, by the ,ener.lly belieyl'(l. • lo-ealled ilying spot. wher~by • dnt 01 Iill:ht It il the writer', opinion th.t r.dlovi,ion II utetl to iIIumin.te the lubject line b~' \Ine, ;1 ready ror pradie.1 explolUtlon. The (Continued on p.ge ~) lechniqul' haa heen develo\H'd to tbe point ... htle It il pouible to tr,namlt lalrly good picture., with. lufflcient degree of detlill The 1'('1 ... ,,'.1011 ("'alDeramlO UadLo""lol' • ~... e In til.. T .. luLIlon Studio. 1"011.' the and .nimatlon 10 a~.ure IIti._ t:arpboll" WlIIl'h II .. W~ra. 110 u 10 "11('•• •• factory enteT'lainment. In f'ct, the Slga.11 Whllt lie l-'I'Ok. Tbtollr;h Ibe the better ltatlonl can now hlln "lew-lInder 10 See Them. die atandsrd motion pidurl' IIlma, reproducing with reasonabla de· to broadelilt new. and mUlie ovu telephone t~n lleveral fl~TeI. lIowe".. , line.. AI rlr ba(k III 1909, 1_ DeForen here IIgaln the Itationa ar. tran,mllted millic oyer the air. ror the pur largely of II hl}'wire nature, POII' of entertaining thOle who ml,M ure handling the film without Ilrop· to listen in. .:ven at that lime he mllde er ~dection. ~ome .IC@ne. 1"111 u!e of lueh outltllndin, tllentl III Mlldalll be excellent, while others are Muarln, the ramoul French operatle .inger ~imply Impollible. If the ndio of the dll.~·, And allO EnTico ClI.rUlO, the vision btolldc ..ten were to pre immortal italian tenor. In the yu. .. Jol view more film they mia:ht aell't't lowing, .....e ral radio telephone experi that which il latidactory and menter. tr.n.mllted programs more or leu reject thlt which il unlultabl~ regularly. For inltanee, then! wa. Dr. for radioyision purpoletl. Alfred N. Gold.mlth, lit Ihat time II mem From an engineering .tand ber ot the flU:u lty of the College or the City point, radlovllion hal now pro of New York. Allo Bob Gowlln, nn lllSO gressed to the point wbere It ciate Ihllyhoo II ,.." ""'" jlUlt mo:1l1.11g e to gn it ill, Ittr,', The Yellow Dog a ww~1I po","" I/!'(I/ will llrike 0:1" ('"lu.'lring< All thnl llRI)(' r tnlk of "relief" rlwrd ill lit/! bTlGlI 1)/ m.(IlI" a ,oblur .ltop You take tbe soul. of men away. b only thl) bnll>'hoo of our R{I"C; ",an: In open shops with little PIlY; They could Nuily I'limin.,te deprc"8iotl 111,,1 That mllke t.he miseries and tmlfS grief, In "'emory of ttl" S hOll That ewell the panic time with fean By pu>'inl{ workcr~ II living wPR'e! Down at the New York Central You char'::E on unions with a shoul Alit: (;!.WK. The "hop hn closed itB dour, 1, U. t'o. :1. Aud headlo"g try to knock them OUI: • • • And the beating of Its IlIllnmer Mil king th08e !,onting hearts we hear We'll never henr no more. In the uncmplO)'ed, agbo~t with feaT. lI oorllY! Old Elkhart will be mourning The loss of this concern, You look for vengeance with a ~hl jl~ "The I,ighu of Hope" nro burning. That once mllde ~;Ikhart pr(ls perOUs With crRven honds and soul so vile; That miniature veue ell!1!C true; From wEllltb its men did Cllrn. Ihinging hunger on a poverty wave I'm back at work lind ellrnlng; In hopCs .ueh terror, soult ensla"e. Now' Iltn no 10nl\'i'r rue. The shop is atill and vacant W. H . IIENIlIUCK. And no one there iB seen, Y(lU pick the 5t rength of limb lind . i1O I,. U. N(I. 7. Springfield. Mn~ ~. Where once we heard the roar Tllke youthful energy you prize; or every giant machine, To make your factor)' whistles blow Why should this ever happen, And cloud. of ~moke from tan stacks flow Uu hrul Ma n ! In lbis old railroad town, You guard and gaze upon those bo)'s. Where many now a", weepin/{, t'. W . lI amiler, Tutla elcetrician, bo.,.t.o lIulh their talk and 8top their nois~: To see the shop shut down! of hi. mode.ty, IIdmitting he sometimes i. AI long u they toil lind labor hard "~h(ICkcd by /I naked wire," according to the It never ceased its motion For you, old foe, who hate a card. Oklllhomil Federationi!t. As yea., came rolling by, You made the languid hellds Ihat droop, Where many men were working • • Put workers in the ranks who 8toop; With glory there on high, Thoul&mh you have doomed to filII Amo. (FrHman F. Goadl'n) lind Preaident They came to work at morning. Are just e:o:i sting, and that's all . .\Iatlhcw Scott Slo,m, of New York ~:di!!On And back again lit noon; ro., were guntl of Bernard Gimbel. depart Then home again at evening, You turn men to dulne.. ond dee"~', ment Blor .. man, at a luncheon in Manhattan. A_whistling a 8weet tunc. In poverty our land display; Chaffed Tycoon Sloan: "Now tell us, what While there you witness what befell Not drel"ning what would hllPJltn mlldl) Mlldamo Queen faint In thl) court The mEn you hate to live too well room?" Retorted Amo.: "She uw her elec To the old Ihop Bome day, tric light bi11." - R~pn'lIled fro .... "T,'lne," b~ Th,u now hilS ccased foraver, Y(lU dQre the soul of man to SIllY, Ip~";1J1 rdq1U'~I. h. m{'n will move nway, With hun!:er and wont day after dllY: How ~ad it i. for Elkhart Along with cold und misty d rooping eyea • • To part with itt old sh(}p, On the faded felltures of human Hves. .vo O>,~ CGuid 1l(lI'e ruidt'/ r~I'IJlino to Thnt Htood thl'te since " \'i!Inge lt ~ You bave no pride or sting () ( shllme TMn Me L. U. NO. I, S T. LOUIS, MO. men'l luxiliary, organized among the wive. Editor: R E AD of our membenhlp. The,. hold their meet· While Iiltening' to the udlo, I hean! a Inl'l and put on .. part,. once a month and program given by • g ... de Ichool on:heltu; A hero i. ho nored , by l. U. No. they have a fine time playina: Monte Carlo which conalderin" th.t the u1ent. '\I'ere 585. whl.t .nd I .m the pril' winner .ben It ... ried, ••• very &,ood. It w.. the team The fi g hting car eer o f • r . ilroad cornel to laylne the cardl. Up·to·date, 1 am "'ork e:urdsed by thole children. their 32 local, by L. U . No. 52R. the champion booby prlxe .Inner. Lalt volcel blended together In perfect harmony. Machin .. a nd M en . by L . U. No. month the Colorado Springa Auxiliary came that rudered this program excellent. With· 8 6. down to vialt u, and we hlld a fine time to· out tho team work it would have been H o w d epreu ion. . ow leed . o f gi'ther. There were 24 In their pllrty end we merely lound •. aUl pieion, by L . U. No. 226. believe they all got home by midnight. Now If children Cln b. made to realize that V a lue o f . peeia t training on job listen to thOle old time Pueblo boy. Inort. only by organ bing could they aver hope wo rle . by L U. No. 2 2. but they don't kno.. that we have concrete to gain perfect ruulla, why can't we, ... Actua l eo.t o f depreuion to ind io paving all the way now. men ftnd perfect un lion In or.. _nbltlon! " idu.1 wor ltmen, by L . U. No. 1 will ha ..e to tell you how it ume about There il dilorpni:r:aUon e •wyt\,inlr that Ilibor or,anlutlona have tlularly Interastlnlr and entertaining. We rder to thlt lay Lothario who now hap Uruggled lor yur after year un ba caned a Brother Chanl!Y'1 Silver Strln, Revelle" penl to be an omcer in tha International prennt. At any nte, tha empteye.. of and ona of Jack Muiane'. long and dance Omce, A. WHlOn. We'ra mighty K'!ad to hear Uncle Sam have bidden farewell to the ab· trOUJlU lurnhhed a good evening'. lupply about the activities of the Drother occa.ion day week, nnd it is IIva and a half day. of pep. Among the incidenll to be remem· "II,., n-en though he may not re.:all U8. f ront now on. The t'eder.1 .;ntployeet· bered on this occlllion Wh the lurprbinK The majority of the letterl dwell on the Union and tha Navy Yard local. haye way in which Brother Walter Wilfton 111- IllIllon -wide dcprealion so that condltloOl worked hard to bring about thi. Improve tracted the memb~,. of the fair lex whll mUlt be Quite generll all over. LocI41 No. lIIent in our working ~onrlltlon~. Yl\~, boy~ were IImOng our entertlliners. How dou 292 llbeul hili the oBil on the hood in lu and girll, the alll:-day week h dead and fl[ he do It T This would Item to 1' .. 1\ fo r "" duerlptlon ot lOme of the CIIU861 of our gen tinct like the dodo. We ,till haye with UI, investigatilln by a apecinl committee. ual hnrd tlmel. Brother Wlplu 16eml to ,however, II few dodoOi of the hammerhead Spallking of commitlen, we mU!t not for In on IIOlid ground In quoting fa ct. in varlety who tell us, or try to tell UI that ket the one responllble for IIrran"ing thia ducrlblng a lort nf ron.piTA"y nn Ih.. pari "Tha union don't mean nothing In tlla ,ov banquet. Th ~y nr~ Brothera Graham, Stu of certlln Ilirge employen, banken and ernment." art, Crann, Jon .., HemlOn and McOlku. othefl to keep the depreulon going. 10 that By way of doing a Hule eelebraUna: on They would do nicely a. I permanent enter they ean beat down wllg" by Ilarvation our own account, we gathe~d around the tainment committee, 10 let'l IlUt them to method.. In thl. they leem to think they'll banquet table on !-'ebruary 26 at thll La work again In lhe not too diltant luturl!. ntake It quite pOllible to compete with the fayllUe Uotel. There were lama good thinl' It i, a good thing for UI to get away rrom chelill .;uropnn labor. A mighty nice Ilate to eat and Imoka on tha aroreilid table, "regular order of buelnen" occ.. ;onlllly . of Illfaln In thil, our country, the land of and mOlt of thl! ml!mbert of the local turned How about it T Au revoIr until next time. the free and tha home of the brnve. it doel uul rur the occllsion. Among our gue81. DURANU. prove thllt the moneyed ;ntereltl cnn dictate were CharHe Reed, aul.tRnL to the Inter nnd huve thingl worked to their liking. nlltional Preaident: J. P. Frey, IIIcrltary Truly a phlln CIl16 of playing politic. with lind treaaurer of the Metal Trade. Depart_ L. U. NO. 28, BALTIMORE, MD . human misery. To go into this thing fur ment, A.• '. at L.: H. T. Morninlatar, ma.ter f:diter : th"r ",,0.1 ,Jw,,1\ on the subject longer Jl.llt electrician. Washington Navy Yard: Joe Another intereilln, department il lhe wo lends to depr6l1 UI and show us the futlJlty ~lcDonough. of the International omee; men'. auxiliary. Yel; we ru d about then' of puttln,. too much faith in thil particulsr ~r. J ohnlon, Ilruident of L. U. No. 26, Bnd III well III the other Iternl. I n our opinion group of .eU-.eekera and money gluttonl. M. fT . n~rle~.B, our master of ceremonl .. It', I good thing for th, womll1 to take an Think lha good Lord, we hll-ve In this We "had lome interesting talk. from our active part In the organlla\lonl. Incidental. ~ountry a number of progru.lvil employe,., guuh, Mr. FreY'1 account of .oma of hll Iy, we notice whue that Beau Brummel made banken Ind othen in the buinel' world, experiences in organizlltion work beln" par. quite a hit with the SI. J'etenburg ftuxiliary. who can lee further thnn their nO BU, and BLAUORATJII Thl. hlltllll11011 I~ rhe Work of I .. U. No.7 202 The Journal of Electl-ical \VQrkel'S and Operators Apru, 1931 un 'ff that the morl! the wo rker urn. the Roberh and t;pperson. 10 he is not II totlll liberal th(lught In thil eountr" boLh et'o motl! he. spends, and by that mtan. btln" Itrlnger. Br(lther Swbher, who wal in nomle, political and religioul. Sometime. It the nal, genuine prosperity, the kind thllt itiated in I.. U. No. 63. recently. hal been (lCCU" to me that the Br(ltherhood I. tied up will build thl. country of Gun and reAlly workinl' in Topekll, Kiln •., lind thi. is hll ... Il h too mllny limitation •. too mlny "dont'I:' mllke it II country worth while. with a real ftrst job In Kan,.. City. I believe. An the too mllny Ju risdictions. lolid foundation to build fulun prosperity on. Brothen were glnd t(l go t(l work and ('onlidl'r tho elty of LOI AnlirCles. It leeml "Boost wlIgel lind cut hour.:' would be \I Br(lthen Clllrk and Smothers SIIY they have Impoulble, but nevertnolel., It I. 10, there .loJtlln to work with In order to booat pro. the wrinkle. out (If their "tummiel" lind the no four loul unl(lnl ehllrte r ~d by the I. B. II<'rity and minlmiu unemploymont. biiners off the bottom of thtir feet by now. £. W., ... hose jurilulictiona are within the LO<:Al No. 188 delle'''''. a reat eredit for iu Th!'re I re a couple of smal1 jobs coming up city lImlta, all doing inllde electrieal work. remll,kable perwverance lind enduranfil to shortly 10 we mly be IIble (0 pl.ce BrothI''' H II my belief that to chanp thil un· nrryon to reb\lild It.. org.nbatlon with the MeT.mney. "ilher lind Turpin (who are on ple ... nt I;Lu atlon n(lW would not immedilte, timely help of the International Ollleefi. the waiting lilt) lit work .nd we will be In Iy have ita effect on the .. mploye ... of our Brothe ... A. Wibon and 8«k. Thue Broth pretty fair Ihllpe then. membe .... but I will lay lhi.: That .11 the en did II remarkable thine and Itared II We IlIlt Brother Eddie Martin. better blUunf!lll .nd .It the h.trf!d th.t h .... e been wonderful comeback. Let III oft'er fOU our known al '"BIAckif!." who ~roased tbe Great enrendered by thia juri.diction.1 "Iulbble hutlul congnlulationa and may IUOCU_ Dividf!. March 2. 1931. Brother Martin will thlt h.. gone on fo r the paat 10 yean w(luld .1",,)'1 be )'oun. ga..... d over in Frlnce while ..",ing with the dl.appe.r into thin air If the realJ(ln no We _ where the boy. fr(lm 1.00:.1 N(I. 18 1I0th engineerl In the World War, and he I(lnger Uilled: .nd It II re.. on.ble to ai lire "bulling" int(l the m(lviu In their na not overcome the dudly poi.on of the g ... lume that we are nllt alone In the entire tural ,t.te and with 1111 unl(ln Iln~men. By "Blackie" made a ,arne ,truggle to carryon Brotherhood In thll thourht, al from time t(l natural ,t.~ we me.n •• ru l union r(lullh (lr hill wife and ,m.1I child. but he C(luld lime I have noticed In the WOItKJ:K that eom necka. Just prtlVel tInee m(lnl you never ~.n not OVH tOme the dreldly poilon of the I'll. plalntl! .re made by IlCenlta rlel voicing a dlll tell whllt a wiN! j('rk('r will d(l I1I'lIt. even if We laid him Iway Mlreh [; with lI:fasonie and III.tlwfattion in regard to onrlapplng juril he I. a rouJ,th neck. T(I _ the~e boYI in military honOTl and hi. II. Brother tnuble dIction. In their localitlel, whieh nllve c.used .~llon we mUlt ..e the mo.,ie "('Im.rron." men acted II pall bearen. A host of frienell n. end of trouble for our International One of the "bumut" lucgeldonl .... e he.rd Ind BrothI'''' attended the funeral. Ofllce and the loc.1 uniona .ft'ected. of In a lonl' while comes from 1.00:.1 No. 427 B",ther LQter Oanil'l. of Independence. I "'ant thll thou,ht to reebter with .11 in which one Brother. Scribe Armbrul' M(I .• h .. beton oft' Ikk for two montb. We p.rtit!l eoneerned: It there w.. ever a time ter. luglflltl ulinl' cau to h.ul ,cCHIOrle. all wilh for your lpeed,. reeo .... ry. Lea, and when I littl. clear and lOund thlnkln, ... and nulteri.1 to the job for the employen In hope to _ you back up at the han befon c.rdinr overlapping juritdic\ionl ...... necea order 1O boott uln of jobl to the "uatomen. lonc· ury. it la right now. 'The car qut!lti(ln h .. been foucht oyer for Brother W.lker, our worthy prnident, h .. J . E. "FU!A" !oIACDOHAI..I). IJOme time and c.n hllve betn oull,wl'd f(lr been Ikipplng a f~w meetinp laLely, linee h. (Editor'l note: Thll member II In error. .ome time by mIlst of the IOCIII. I t can went ,hooting trouble. lie Is falling in line There .re NOT f(lur 1000ai unlonl d(llng Inllde e ..ily be aef!n the unf.lr .dvant.lte car with 80mI' more of the trouble Ihootera I electrical work .1 claimed. own"fI would hl'-e over th(l" unable to eould mention. Wbile on the .ubjet't of at Mllny e.... 'If overlapplnr jurl&dictl'In lIft'ord them when ,~klng employment from t .. nding mef!tlnga. I wlnt to give some prli" hive been co rrected by the Intern.tional the contnclOn. to Brother Billie Burkrey. the .... ~h dog of Ind numerou. mergen required-In the pa.t One of the Interutinr artlelea In the the trealury, who hal not mitsed a meeting year. Othen are being diapoled of .. f." JOUlll'lAt. I. where they propo.. to Ule dwell linea takina: oftlee. K~p up the good work, a. thl'Y ('lin be reathed .nd .. condlti(lnl inp or one family .IM, pouibly larpr, .11 Billie, .nd m'ybe Y(lU c.n buy a Studeblker dem.nd conluut'ted of met.l. The IUgffeition la allO next yMr. Thl, local h.. long aull'ered from too muen made that they mirht be able to heat the Jos. CWUCiH..II:Y. IJ(I-".Ued "democracy" and "I'ml". Poor houn. by utilillinc the natural rui,t.n"e to manaceml'nt .nd intern.l dl ••enlion have electriC' current.. of the met.1 w.n,. Quite a L. U. NO. 83, LOS ANGELES, CALIF. long ed.ted. The loe.1 eouldn't .ven place unique idea. "limlt.tiona" or "don'l.I" on Itaflf. Thf!" The (ln l)' and ~hie f f.ult we un find ..... lth Editor: conditions will be de.lt with.) the whole idea il that we 10" out In work IAgal restrlctlonl and IImitationl are the bane of the Americ.n public. More "d(ln'I.I" Ing opportunitiu in 1111 the.. new idea., L. U. NO. 86, ROCH ESTER. N. Y. whleh really begins to hurt. We (lrton won· find their way into every organi2.ed soeiety Th ~ M. c hln~ Ace. So-e.lIed, .nd II', dl'r how far thil will reIlly g(l lind what linu the W(lrld War, and nf!ver before in .n 1( " llIl1on 10 Unemplo)-menl it will lead to in the end. the history of Amerlcll h", the right of per We wl,h to thank Brother BrOAch for hil sonal opinion b«n more rntricted. t~ditor : kind, thoughtful and .,.rlJ(lnal letler. We In th'" p ..t 12 yea,. all manner ot lOCie- Tru. It I. th.t from the time 0' Adam un ..sure him it W.I Ireally .ppreclated 11",. h.v", beton tre.ted for tbe suppre:ssion of min hu Men inventing- devieel to mike hi' .nd w.. nt over bie wilh UI. You 1ft. art.., all. we're fr.nk to .dmit th.t we auft'er from th.t human weakness that C",VHl .n oc ....ion.1 Ilap on the back. It h .. lpi to en rou ra... th.. m.. re luibe'l fHble .. ft'(lrtt; and ntakn him f~1 tbat he'l a lom~what worth while spoke in the huge wh~1 of thll gr.. at I B. E. W. of oura. Now we c.n report th.t at the I"t meet ing our bu.ain!'u manllger Annou n ~ed the AP p.inhllent 'If an a .. iet.nt In th. penon of Steve Duhan. A wi .. r ch(llee could not hllve hefon madl'. R. S. UOIIICIUl'I. L. U. NO. 53. KANSAS CITY, MO. Editor : AI Brothl'T McGurn II bUlY houlI'<'leanlnlt and p.intinl'. he hili ..ked me to ",b f(lr him thi, month. 10 I w\11 try to ",nd In I few linn f(l r the April luue. Thing_ hne picked up • Uttle her.. in th~ pll il six wef!l"l, tept!eially on the Kanlal ,Ide. We had the llood fortune to pl~c\l four line men on the Job, namely. Brotheu Chri, Smolhcn. H . C. Clllrk and Orville SwenllOn, and. new mlln by the namf! of J. G. Swisher. Til lS C ItE\\' I,' R OM I•. U. 1\'0. a INST/" , I , ~: f) A 111'1 1'1' COM I'1I1SI.sO '1'l lInm l'l'~ II ' arothen Smoth.. ra and CI.rk h.vo worked II 01f:U~!I. A NEW COS('UE1'1O: WIIAUF, AS!) 'rllnr:f!: IJUI1.tlI,...-W~ I'nlt \\'"I4I1IM:' on thl' Job bef.re 10 they .re n(lt Itrangera 1I11.J.nUl. ,\SI) ~ 1 '01tINO 011. I)IIUMS; ""SO " Mlr.hl 01' \'"no I.\tlll'r "S!) l'UW~:11 to the bun~h. Brother SwenlOn il .ut of I.I N1:!ol IrOI( Ti n : GI1I,~' In:FI NI I\'O COMP"I\'\"S l'I,Af"T, Ot'l,~'I'OItT. ST.-\ 1· 1·::...- (i'(I.A'OO I•. U. No. 702 and h .. w.rked wllh BrotheTi counTKSV. IIE.snv OLSON, FOItP.:M".s ApI-ii, 1991 The JOUr1!aL of J:;/('ctl'ical \Yorkel'8 and Operators 203 lire hnppler and hI. l~hor leu arduou.. Hut ".OIU volunm of w{'IIlth Into the hands of the the juice ha~ all beell ext raeled. TheBe in the lix thou"nd yelln' that h/lva inter few hu "evel' 1"'I'n . urp fU~cd in earth', juice,. have II combined eMllaclty of 120 Yened _hlce ~h e tlmo of Adllnl there hll! hiltor~·. oranges per minute lind riB you can ilnllgine never been aueh II time of [Irogr(ln, In inven Hut out of IhlH old 1tOI'11i1 order will ,,,lie II supply II I lelldy Btrum of pure j uIce to the ti"" ••ul.I di"" ... v~rill~, •• in th" put 60 y~n"'" new ".;..:illl vrtl~, [" wl,jd 1"lour'lIIyilig mao Itrainera which are tha nCllt atep In tIL e Al.o. there hl\lO neYer b~n Buch " time of de chinery and mil" production w111 be a lOurce procen. At thla point all pulp and . el'd~ llreuion on thi. enrth 118 lhe pl'f'M!nt time, of I'f'al bl"uing inatelld ot the cur", or power are removed. Th. cIa rUled Juice II next ",here a min rllnnot uehantce II dny'l labor in the hands ot plut~ratic overlortl., III it is pumped to II r eceiving tank on the third for a loaf of broad. Truo it is thnt there no .... Hoor aboye. whIch [~ " .. I,"udlld or Mil air hnyl' been the delujre, gre/lt and terrible ",ar~. by two lllrge vncuum pumpl. It then HOW l enrth'lu/lke~ and 1'1IIlI:uca, but the CllU6CB of by gravity to II precooling tllnk on the !lNlt thne ~lItA8trophu were not the UIO of noor and i. lowered In temporllture to about IIIj.elllnery or mnll produni()u; only in the L . U. NO. 108, TAMPA, FLA. 35 dggrul, tahnllh"lt. It 1ft thon rnlscd to paRt CO yl'IIU hllo mllchlnl'ry started to cfI,use Editor: the third /toor IIgliin under vacuum lind IIny "h"rd.hip" to mlln. Locnl No. 1011 hili had very IIltie work treated to a blnt of cllrbonle ga. which Ro much Ilibor-uvlng mllehinery hB! been this winter and tho pro,pech are none relievel the vacuum. Arter thla treatment Invenhd in thl~ amall .pace of time thllt II lOO eood for the fulurl'. Th .. Oilly wo~1r it Howil by grllYity ttl th", jnlrln£ room to complete list of them would be well.nlgh lm ... orth mentlonlnJl' u('lnl' that of The Uorden • re~eiYinr tank which lupplle. the fillinK pOlilble, bul n amall lilt ot some of the im. Fllrm Product. Co., of New York, who hll"e IIpparl\tu.. The filling Is accompllihed by portant Invention. lIud dbcoveries might be recently in8ta11ed a citrUl Juice plRn here. the eame type of maehinery .. I, uled in h.,lptul lit thi~ tIme. This plllnt la IUllpol1ld to ue of an exper! the dairy plllntl for fllllrll: milk bottles. • They lITe: AddlnJ:c 1l1ll(hlnes, neroplane" ment.nl "lIlurll lind If thl' ,)rOHn Jlrove~ As the filled eonUlncr. I"aye the filling IIrti!ldlll diee, lIutomlillc couplen, lIutomo· to be II lUecen lind the prodllct !lnd, " moch;no thcy lire dropped on to a conveyor bile" bicyclea, ClIrborunrlum, cash registers, mftrket th~y IIrl' COlltempllltlnll' n l11uch which carrlu them through a brine freuer corrupondenc~ .chools, crellm lle llarlltorl, Inrger plnnL lit .orne future dille. with n t"mpernture of approximately 15 dl.k plowa, dynamite. oleetric railways, @Iec' 'l'hey are preparing the julee and pre degree. below leTO, fahrenheit. Thl, trip tric welding. e!ICallltors, fi reless eooken, gall serving it under far different condit;on~ through the freuer taku "5 mlnutca. They engin .., hnrveating machlnn, motion and from whIt hal been tried heretofere. The are immediately packed in ClITtonl and talking pieture~, pnlleuri7.l\tion, railway 1111' orangea are broua-ht into the plllnt direct tran.ferred to the ItO rage department nllIN, illum;na!inlll' 111'''". indud'"'' ","tun, from the grovu by trucks the 1/11110 dny as which II held at ebout 10 dcgreu unt,l linotype., mnt~h machineN. g~1 blowinrc ma they are pIcked lind procelled hnrnedlatel} time for Ihipment. The contllinerl are ehineo, monotYPel, ahoe'lewin!!, machinet, thus inlurlnll' the cUltOl11cr with frelh mllnufllctured jun outdde the !l1I11I" room ~ky~crllper~, submarlnel, lubway!, lewing orllnga Juice III pailltabill II. ir jUlt Ilfeucd ond lifter paning through a ,tertll,ing machine!, talklnlC machlnu, TAdlum. ROO!Jnt from the frelh fruIt. The proeeu II 11Itu,· bnth of hot paraffln drOll lh."ullh .. cl,ut" lI:fn rIlYI, tclcphonu. televiAton, typewrite", etting and it mljl:ht be !n keaplng to £Ivo ~ to t he filling machine. vllcuum rleancn and wirelrll telegraphy. brie! dllscription of how the fruit b Both the julelng roon. and the Oiling You hear one 1liiY that every leven or hllndled. rOom which are the only depnrtmenh every 10 yenr~ or wh~n~v~r th.. (lthpr polit Upon IIrrlvlng at the plant th. orange~ where the juice i. expoled to the lIir lire leNI party gf!h In power that timet Nre going I\re placed In lin .Iectrleal wlilher through of dUIt-proof construction. to b .. bad. I rlilRJ:crell with these view! be which they pall very Ilowly betwoen long The Ilorden Company lITe to be compli CAUle a IItudy of bu.lneAB conditionl, even rolll of bru.hea immeraed In wlltor into mented for the pal nata king etrorta "lade ~inNl 1837, ,hOWl thnt thoro hll' IIlwaya been which hili beol) Introduced II I!'crmlcl(ln thUA to ~erve th(1lr rI\Rt.om~~~ with the pureH lomething to como ilionII' that gnva a new dutroying all poulblll chllnclI of field mit e. pO!llible product. They have exe.ti~ed the Impetu. to induatry. or other contaminating mllterlal golnJ:c Into al\me eare in prod\lcing thl, ,Iuleelable From 1837 to 1IJ.10 the timely advent of the the juice. After palliing the wallhH the breaktlllt potion lIB they ha'", III way. Ihown clipper IMp nverted one of the country'. !lrat fruit i. tarried up a lonr ucalator through with their daIry productl. crll@'. Then, alol'll!' about 1873, with the in· the sl"b of which la forced or blown /I The writer can testify to the eonl~lentious ventlon of II prarUnl dynllmo Nnd with the hellvy hllllt of aIr which complelely ,1.iOl effortl on the part of an ot their executlv.,. IIlr of electricity commf'rd~Hy, elpI'C.;al1y by the Crult. At the upper ond of thl, drying to produce a perfect plant. We wi,h th.m atre.. t rllilwnYI, Clime IInother IIrea of pro.· ucalator thc orllngu fall on to a eonYcyor all the auce,," to which they nre entitled. "elity. Theil in 1803 chell]>er and IIl1:hter lind pau 10ve r,,1 InllJectoTl who cllrcfulJy The electrica! IlIltallation wu mrlde by blcyclel openNI up II ne'" Indu~tr>' lind grent wntch for nny dnmllged ar [ml)edoct , ,,oei Local No. 108 mCII worklnll' tor the Robbins Iy relieved unrmployrnent lit thllt time. The men! which are umoved lind thrown IntQ ~~Iectrical COml)any, a union job. depre~lion ot Hl07 Will l"rn~d Into prosper a chute which cmptic. on the dump. The MoYing piduru have been taken of this ity largely by th~ a-rowth of th~ lIutomobile paned lruit eontlnuu on tl) L]'~ juic",. plant in operlltlon and no olle . houhl miu IndLlury and It hIll continued down to the which operate automatically euttinr the lin opportunity to 1I000e It a. It II mOlt edu present time. The radio Indultry phlyed II oranKe in half lind comprelllinll: It until cational. hu£e part In brldll'inK over JIOlt-wllr condition!, , belicve that 1cll\vllion Ind the smAll. In expcnsive lI{'rol,lI'no will hrlp uo jl:r~l\t1y In K~ttillir out of \hl~ pre~~nt deprenlotl. 111. thouj.(h greater thllll;l thlln thllt Rrc goiulI: 10 hllppen in the ncar fulure. Our llre~ent ~OI'lal order COllnO! continue, the hou" of labor mUlt be reduced an.1 wagu increased not only nntion-wlda but world-wid@. ~hll' production Ind labor-lIIIv. ing machinery havO!J nlll,le .erh of the work. ing people, rcduetng them to mere l1umln lIutoml\\onl, lI"d I. a curle to them In.tend of the bl~uln __ thAL th,,~ Wc .. ~ ["t.. " The labor orpni~tion. of Tampa have worker read. the scribu' letterl and leaves With the working card aydem, eaeh loul ToyjYed tho Building Trade. Council and our pre.ent tcientirie data for after houn, knowa how man)· men ar. working, and are pl.nnin~ for better co·operation be when be hll leilure and time to .beorb It would be an euy matter for eaeb local tw•• n the contraeton and the varlol:" them. How often .orne of the greatest utter· to man a card to th. International Otllu erart.. W. f.,1 thllt we are taklnr .. atop ance~, food for thought, Ind in~pirinll' aub onu n month, living the -percent'g. of the toward preparedn,," for the beUer tlmu jeda an brouaht to our attention In thue memberahlp that were working. For thllt lire bound to return. Now I, the time scribe.' letters! And to lum up a larle por. inst.ne.: to build, to get ready for thorn when they ~ion of the fIIell, these Be rib.. are ehoBe n If Loeal A had 100 members and 76 Wetf need our .elviee-. from the memberehip, lack schooling in Bden· workinl, conditio", would be 76 1'.1' cenl. R. n. SMITII . tille " "earch or eonege or univenity life and H I,ocal n had 160 mom b." and 160 .... re training. and yet from the faw hours left at working. eonditlona would ba 711 per cent their di spossl after the toill of the day arc L. U. NO. 113, COLORADO SPRINGS, If 1..0ul Chid 600 m.mb.rl and 260 were over, to journey home and do the chorea, en working. condltiona .ould be 60 per un!. COLO. tertain hll little family until an the klddlea If Local D had 1,000 m.mben and 7&1'1 Editor: have retired to rest, and in a few houu or In wrltln, a letter 1'\ ...lnl In mind l orne were workln,.. conditlona waul .. be 15 per 10 vab all the learnin&, that may be req\llred . eent. of the ,ood. as well ••• vll, of our WORIDt, of him to eope with braina, il truly wonder· I tt. .... few remarka eoneernin, OUt ome!,1 If Loul E had 260 membeu .nd 2110 Werf ful. What humor, pathos .nd lolic: theM working and they had 26 permit m.n work WOIlIltD, wlo.lc.h II eonaldued ona of the out- ehoaen ones can write about. • tanding publlutiona In union elrdu. Ing then the working eondltlona would b • The IIrea an kept burnini, and it they 110 per cent. I can let! good as well a. not rood In enr 10 out It will be bec.use the scribe h .. Thia would IIIdd on work for tha Inler. everything. Elec:trielt" the force with which either been eenllOred on hi! writings or apac. we work. h .. thue Inherant qUlIlltl.l. Good, national Otllce but could he mlnlml~ed by la cut short .nd dil/tUU fll1a hi. breaKt. plaelng lh. percentage of men working b~.u.e It luppliu that need al burden bear The I pirlt of the pioneer, while Itill within er .nd eo-worker of man; 0'111, becau.-e of lifter the number ot the loeal in tha Lout UB all, ean be erUlhed because of modern Union omclal Rere!pta uttlon. It. deadly life-dntroylng power, ",h"n method. of journalilm. We builded our 01' wronely contaet~ by the worker. ganiution on It, "'e look to ita future on It, Vii. M.n I, not dill'erent from othtr forcel in .nd can '" its final ObllOletion unlell Loeal p" n.t\lre. He II empowered to dirKt their changed. (To be continued.) Union Numb.,. u,el, and yet leemln,ly fIIUI Into IlOme of the W. A. LoBBI':'Y. A_" "'" 00001 00001 good and no good prlnclplel of the luser B .... 1000 10018 iii. " force.. wltdom doel not help him It III C. " 20000 20098 times to be jutt, ulflnl and eonlldllTlte, but L. U. NO. 150, WAUKECAN, ILL. D " 30000 800&6 hll followl eelf Inclin.tionl .nd Judlfment I, 40000 40009 otten ml,diffi:ted: from habit re.lly. beuuu Editor: " e\lltom ntablilhn hllman proc:edure. A few d.ys Ilgo I Wat talking to 001' busi· " '" nUl mana!:er, about lbe working card. that and IIIny memher dealrini to know the con Wbell the 1. U. E. W. Wat born, after a dition. In Iny particular pllrt of the coun terrible Itruigle for rCl:ornltlon II workerl. wc are us ing in 0111' local. He informs mf' tbat the cnrll. ue bein, m.Ued in 100 per try would only have to refer to the num_ and when the w.ter tank often "' •• a meet her of the local In that territory. ing pl.ce to ditc\l" probleml for the form. rent. and thn th" reeorda are golne to be a great help to the Io.ul In determining Now Ibout our &choo!. Next meeting we tlon of our union, .nd thlln to move on ",hen '1'. roing to tear the .atta, eirculta and a tTiln pulled In, and to find a Job, do MIme the amount of work that ... e can expect year to year and that they will aho ... the phlles out of a three·phate motor that propaganda .ork and eel fired, le."lng • one of our truIUnc·to-luck, kind. bearted little lenen to CJ'1I. Into a nudeua of an demand of the varioua eontractora of our territory for our men. nroth,,!'a h .. lo.n~ to the .ehool, and orr.niution. Movin,. onW'lrd to new fields lome Ume In the dim futun w •• re golnr .nd to repeat ~ain ud .galn thll Itronle At dill'erent tlmea .hen lome contractor .anted 10m. eoneeaalon from the local they to rewind It. (Yeah). 1 hop. this Brother to be born, did not take tbe motor 011' hll water luppl) Whit publicity did .uch a group get for would tell us that they employed alx 01' 10 men .11 la.t year, and that they ahould pun,p. If he did h. Ja golnr to b. without their ell'ort.r None but r idicule and auch w.hr a long. Ion&, time. that wat filled with linorlnce and pNlJudice be given lome favor, Whl1e If the real beta •• re known. they only employed the The attend.nce at the school haa been ag.lnlt progrell. But ambition moved for hetter than ever expeehd. and the Int.rest ward lit any eOlt, having In mind freedom lix 01' 10 for a f."" •• eh during that year, . hown I, very keen. After we hAV. cov. .nd liberation from Ignorant , lavery and en while other contraetou employed three m.n \,h e year throughout. and the total man ~red the elementary fund.menula ot mo_ IIlhtenment for a noble .nd nec:en.llry In tou w. lire goln« to Itart Ipllelng Inltruc dUltry or profeilion. hours 11'" Kreater with the contractor .ho employed the three men, thlln the other tlon, but that wi1\ b. nlll\ winter when th. The time would and did come when heat from the furnaces will halp heat th. thrO\lih th pa~. of their own forum they one. Thue recorda will tell U! jUlt who hall, it entitled to any fnor •. could ret their Itory told and make ponible Work la not 10 rood here, but eyeryone tbe eradleatlon of ienoranee from the mlndl Lots of tlm!!1 aome Brother will tell how mueh time he hll 10lt, hut now the reeord. .eema optlml.tk and all are hoplne for the of man and thereby 11ft their fleht Into the .... L rea"" of liability with ita attendin, au~eu. will be In indilputable f.et as to how until, by Ita .toriee from the ~ribe. from milch time Iny Brother has Ion or worked. city and town and around the circuit, f\ltcd Some day I hope through tbese record. to hold the line int&et ulltl1 relief would com. that we will be able to operate our .altlng L. U. NO. 175, CHATTANOOGA, through adequate organization, ThI, actl.. • list. from the Information we will gain, and TENN. Ity told by the tcribea of the unlonl w.. the I:ive every Brother an equal .hare of the Editor: lerM that Inoeulated the whol. of the memo work that Is being done In our territory. We, or th~y, bave just finiahed the d t y be"hlp with optiml.rn and wu the Inlplr.· Now I want to unfold an ldea that theae f!lectlon for mayor and four eommlulonel'l. tlon .IMI the .timulatlon for ultimate lueee.. working cards have given to me. and MI forth down the Un.. WI11 aay tbat to the then Infant org.nlntlon. In the good old days when all the Infor· the onel whom we were able to t;1!t MIme eup· The.. acribe. being lb. b.ckbone of tha mlllinn you could eet regarding the amount port out of went back In omee. I don't forum, It w.. they who fought one of the of work In .ome other territory, W'I to know If we .hould expet:t 100 per eent or primllry Bahta lor tha 1T6&1 upbulldlng of our meet lome boomer who had juat com. them or not, but were glad to get out or international or&,anlzatlon. Only through from there, and ienerally a meal or a them wh.t we did, and, of COUrM, we ar" up thalr ..We .. elfort. could the Itory be told l'Oupl" of beera .ould atart him talking and "klnfir for more. which T hope to be IIble that waa denied by tha 1'...... And today (l kno,", that it always Iluted my toniue to tell .11 about I.ter on. th_ .eribea keep the creal fleht In the to wI,lring) and if the Brother bad eood Brother E. E. "Red" MeD.nle" la buslne .. forelround with ita lime atlmulaUn&, and luck In that territory be .ould pa.. tbl manarer of the Buildln&, Trad.. Council and forc. building propertlea. good neWI on to you, In fad. It Wat about II re-organixlne It Ind ~tin, It up In finf Th. rank and fil. of the Brotherhood hn. the only way you eould find out where , h. pl. n e It alMl nomln.ted for pruldent ing by habit relied upon the ne... theu any big joba were, or the central labor body. Tbe election wl1\ scribe, brought to tbem, read and raread But the deaire for Information regarding take place In April. their IIIt.te1'l and could ate a Job, a ,rowth, wllrklng conditions I. lTeatet today tban Lut meeting lOme one requetlted m. to upanalon and aueee .. for the union', elTorU. it wlla In pre-Vohtead dlrs. TbialaproYOn mention the f.et th.t we didn't have an)' And theaa IlKeftSel .er. lar,ely the ell'orn by the fact lh.t lber. are le"eral l.!'f. recelpta ll.ted in Febrnary I ot1ltH,u.. How of their own. No help from the fran and eompanlea who furnllh e1ientll with Infor· about that' buddin&, Inf'nt, .0 the Itorle. we ... the lrue malinn reglllrding the eortdltions In any loll.."t let )"OU know how MIme of the boy. and finD pieturel of pioneer d.ya. part of the eountry and they eharg(! real rlred In wigel laat ,ear: Iourn.yrnen, Th. lame habit pre.,.lI. 'today. Itow each mon"y for doing It. $1,900, '1,069, '2.600. '1,071. and one helpet. ApTil, H91 The JOU1'1/a t of Electrical Workers and Ope?'ators 205 $1,800. That is the five memhen I eould ruary JOURNAl, (School Conducted by L. U. beautiful weather and we a l way~ have cheek up on at the lut minute before wrltinr No.3, N. Y.). plenty of t.hat. and Bome or the Brothers made len , I'll be The wiring 01 the St. J ohna River bridge There have heen 30 electrical worken !are in Bayi ng. We have 110 way here to (ornamental Jighllng) is !learing completion. laid off from Mllre Isll1nd Navy Yard during divitle the work lIS In some pl aeel. U wae a good example 01 co-operation, and the past. five weekt and 25 per cent of them Once in a while Borne of the Brothers pick OUr members are to be congratulated upon do not carry card. and witbln the next three up a little common labor to mllke ellr tare the way thi, job wa, handled. The con week ~ there wi1\ be from 80 to 40 more laid to get in lind lee how thing, are coming tractor, Brother Miller, of the Miller Electric otr. or which 81i Ifer cent do not carry union along. Company, appreciates the manner in which eards. Moat or t.h ese men lO re good me E. E. CROOBY . our hoya put thi. job over. The Brewster chanics and cIOn all hold down the elcetri ho ~ pit.111 job i, also IIbout to be turned over. CAl workor ', Job oUhlde at len than the L. U. NO. 177, JACKSONVILLE, FLA. and ,ome of the boys who have been "at scale. home" there for several months will lIOon be Editor: These men hava all been begged to come changing their IIddress. We undel1ltand the Into our organization. Many of them are Just to be different. I 11m going to Illy thllt shop (Knapp lind Company) have Borne other we fcel optimlaUe of the futu re of this lix:nl, ex-members. But they shake their head •. good work ahead. so we won't have the men Therefore, Brothers, Hhould you take an its members and the Urotherhootl. We hllve warmIng the ehllira in the hail for long. We noticed a difference here Ilnee the now lawl Qppllcation from a Cellow who hili worked were adopted and our new I nternational like their compnny but it interreres with on Mare bland, if you wl1J write to LoclII President h .. bcen nt the helm-new bl ood busi ne u to have them around. Union No. 180 for Informst ion, maybe we We have received advance information on hEU been injected into the official (amlly Dnd could tell you what you want to know IIbout the result. thus fIIr have been reflected the revised nation III electrical eode, Mr. the applkant. threugh the l00:aI8. We In this lecUoa lire Graham, our city inspector, having just re I want to lay a few words Ilbout Broth fortunate in having so able a rcpresentlttive turned from the meeting ot the code eommit. er Amot ~'eelcy, our district orgnni~er. aB Brother Wilson, and, It we may make a tee in New Yor k. The changes hllve, U Brother I"eeley came to our rescue Borne predIction, we bellen that the local. in Dl I usual, hlld a tendency to r educe the amount rour weeki ago and we are pr(lud to aay t rid No.5 wi!] go rorward and be relldy to o( labor required and have also opened the that with the aulatance of Brother Jimmie take Cllre of the work thllt will como with wa~' for extensive savings in material in Cempbell, Brother Wyman an d one or two the revlval of bll1!nellll. He and hi. ablo SOme eoses, especially in power wiring. Like other memben. we were able to laml about MlSi8ta lils wlll do their pllrt, wa Bre sure, every other line of indu,try, electridan ~ eight of the outstanding ring. Brother I-'eo and If every member will do bll pBTt the roo feel t ho re~ult of Inbor saving devicu and ley did excellent work while he wal here suIts will be aatoniahlng. materials, and our lIim should be, not to Bee and we hope to aee him back on the job I!u. ine.. here il on tbe mend and the how many electricians can be developed. but loon again to complete our drive for new building perlllih for the In lt month (Feb how good we cnn develop them, for. with the mombenhlp. preaent trend, a man wiU be able to Ilccom ru,uy) were a!moat AI much .. ror the Jan Lnlt meetIng, ~'ebrllary 26, we were uary and Deeember bUline .. eombined. pliah a, much in six or eight houn IlS we plcnsed to wclcomo our Internlltlonal Vice Of eoune, we have plenty of unemploy used to in 12. The only solution Is to Pre.ident, Barry Brlgaert. . We had' 80 shorten the working day or the number or alent yat, but the Febru~ry permlu lBBued memben pruellt and a ve ry lively meeting. will be reflcoted In the Murch work reporta. daya, or both, ao liS to give lin equal distribu While we have a vory heavy and husky ;"or the period from Dceembcr I t o February t ion or the work, then t.ake the very best loeal manager in Brother Wyman and a 28, our membera wer e employetl nearly 42 meehanie! we have and take the ren and very ahle ,tudent In Urother M. Lnrson, U per cent of the time, with the lut months teach them tatting or ~ome other useful oc· president. we had tar toe big a aubject for showing about 46 per CCllt. Of course, .warm cUPlltion to keep them fr om going daffy. We ei ther one of them to lettle I8tlsfactorlly. will bo ohligcd to lake tbe older onn, who wcathor comel cllrller here lind 81 II. matter Therefore It Will neceuary to (1111 upon or bet our winter bualneu I, very little dif lire unable to keep up with the speed demon! Urother Brlgnert. to Itralghten the difficulty ferent than other leuonl liS fllr u buDding ot the present age, put them on maintena!lce out. nctivlUu KO. lind minor repair work where speed il not so J. W. CARRICO . We are making prepardiona to regain el.l!en t ial. tor lifter all the man who has the mo ~ t nil-round prae\ical experience makes ---- iIOme of the maintenance llnd repaIr work L. U. NO. 193, SPRINGFIELD, ILL. that bill been d(!11led UI In the put. Action lin A No.1 trouble shoot.er ; he u ually knows wu taken at the Jut meeting thllt will event. whot the trouble ia at a glance and what to EdItor! do. With all of our present day gadjeh and U"lly enltble U! to meet ~ omo or the unfair Anaconda. Mont., L. U. No. 200, letter of eompetition. Stepa are abo being made to improved methods nothing is quite ao vlllu Mareh. R. J. Morrow, aigner, requested to oeeure $Orne more wo rk that we heve never nble on any job as nil round experience. Ev hear from pren agenta reg!\rdinK a plan received a proportionate ahare or. namoly, ery mcehanic. regardleu of what branch of by which the bill expcnu of loeal. may city and county work. Po1\tiel8na have uled the industry he works in, should not lose one be redueed. To say I favor your plan city and county wo rk as a polltleal football single opportunity to learn the busineu from would not mean anything towards bringing here for a long time. U.ual1y about a month A to Z, so that when age begins to slow it about. A plan by which local. mUlt go or two before Bn election, there Is a little down his handa and feet, he will hllve a together III ordor to be able to do what riffle on the political lurbce, eauted by atorehouse full of knowledge where it will be ought to ba done In and around II ,tated labor, but the rlllult hlIOI never been the cauae c-lfceedingly useful to him when he is no territory or perhapl a whole ltate, while of any greU amount of real nccompliahment. longer able to keep pace with the younger t do not believe thst atate boundary lines This year we have proceeded In a dIfferent j;l'cnP.Tption. should be the idea, but more rell!onable manner and there hili been laid the founda · E. C. VAI.ENTIN'!!. would be a terrItory thllt could be beller tion of what will eventually meRn the plae handled (rom the loeal's loeatlon. Ot courae boundary lineR . hould be drawn to eatabU.h ing of members of organbed labor Oil an L. U. NO. 180, VALLEJO, CALIF. equal footing with the 110litleal "non-corns" the Jurladictlon. In order to make any who are a .tumbling block In the way or renl Editor: head WilY In 11 movement or t.hls kind thst progreu . No doubt. many have rcad in the San may be effective It would be neeeullry to We have b~n running claues In voca "'ranciIlCO new~papers that there was over mako a law to cover such a plan, 1.1 I view tlo!lal tralnln~ thll wInter with very good $50,000,000 worth of building to he started It. Te bring about s uch a plnn wouhl mean attendanee. Every mpn who has been a about the San Francisco fiay district thiB the biggest. move ever mllde in our Br other regular attendant haa been greatly beneflled year_Richmond, Berkley, Oakland. and San hood. I flleo believe ono of the groatest and we are already laying our plans (or a ~'randleo. The editor might hllve ~ho had that could be made at Ihb timo. bigl(cr lind better clUI for the nut term. reference to the $10,000,000 cruiser No. 38 to To move along RI we are now, it may with II good chance of a fully Il(luilfped elan alllrt some time this year. Maybe also to the bo possible to get a number of local8 to room. An organized labor I. eo-operatIng to eruinr Chkago, whkh will be complctrd join together for some good realon, but mllk(l th(11!a clanes a Buceeu and we expect within the next 30 days. Theae last two joba oh my, what a Job It hI Firlt con.-ena to have the ful1 co_ope ration of the members were not mentionetl in the artide. tlon between ihe locah nnd In ihe localt of Ihe county board of education In thl. mat Now, Brothers, don't take thiB paper talk between their membera, then again between ter. If we expeo::t to keep up with the too larlously and spend your aa vings on 10caJa and the Int.ernational Offlee and this modern $ystem we muet fully prepare our traveling to California. As I see the situlI effort may continue, and I hould the Inter selves to advllnce with the indUl try. Our tion here it ;6 serious. A great majority of national Office rule for a loeal to iO aver c1a98 is 99 per cent union, ahowlng that the tha electrical workers on the Pacific Coast to another you hllva perhapJ two-thirds members realize theI r responsibility. What lire working not more thsn three dllY! II of the member. who do not wish lueh a hu been done and elln be done IIl0ng educa we~k and it iB a hllrd Bt.ruggle to keep Ihe move and at;e no good to bulM with. But tional linea for workers who have been llm BrotherB in good standing. So If you take should it becomo " haw of the Brotherhood ited by economIc reaSORl, i. fully demon my tip you will lellve Californill out of your matter. would work ou t better. "trilled by thl' illunrated • • tide In th" ~'eb · route. a8 all you will fmd in Ca lifornia 18 I think II feeler could be lent out by the 206 The Journal 0/ Electrical iVorkers and Operators April. 198} International Offife tn establi,h the fact tendency 10 prohibit thll yery ntcenuy .nd tQ the a"erage family of live. The total &5 tn JUIL how our loula and memben important Itep. monthly "'lIge I. $1I2.W. "'ine! A roof o .. er leel .bOUI trying tn help themse\veI. A Tlkln; It for Krllnted th.t luch I, the eliI'. our he.d, I, tint, $30; we now have $82.60 plan eould be drawn up ahowlng the main let me Illy with III ,Incerlty Ih~t It lan't left. Nt!J.~ in line Ia food-fi,O bu~ka for thl. point. and r equuting the IGcal' tn tend nearlY.1 upenliye to kl!C!p.n ...lat.nt bUll· Item, which melnl an .verage of lS'A centl in their Yote. requeatlng that the la. be nUl .~nt in the field I' It II to hive 16 o r per meal. Thll i,n't milch bllt thlt il III ehan/l:ed tn make the plan worhble. or if 100 of ou r membera out of employment 111'1' we ('In .pportion. 10 we lelye it It that. they ue not willinl to In .1on~ vote apinal eflll month tlch year . )o'ollowlnll' thil item il elothu-well, let'l it. Shol,lld it In over with. favorable vote. l'le ..e don't mlaunderltllnd ml', I'm not lay $10 for thi., or '2 per head. Thil will then. the International omu eould lend foolilh enough to try to make you believe problbly buy. luit of under... ·u r Or I p.1r out an amt'ndment to the In. to be voted Gn. th.t by pladnr an a ..l.tlnt In the lIeld th.t of IhOt'I for one of tbe kids. Tb. ero .. n. ShoLild it earry I think the b.lanu of the he could h.ye .11 theM nlemben working, UPI are IUPPOled to wear their lilt year', work to make It elfedive would lind many bul I do believe he fO\lld help to relieve thf dolhu. Theil' two iteml .mount to 60 willing worker. and the big thing will mean litu.tion considerlbly If gl .. en reuonlbl" Ilmoleonl; hl.nce now Is $22.50. Inu II much beUeT future for thlll I. B. E. W. time. AI you .11 know we ellim territory much II we Ire Ipeaking from the eleetric.1 I do not know Gf any neUer .ay to bring jurisdiction within • radlUI of 20 ml1l'1 Qf point of Yiew, and conluminr our o .... n about II ('han&,!! than to make II try and the public .quare. In al1 dlre ~ h D ~ conditlon. h.ve . lipped .ome in o~her BU line .. men .nd mer~hanh take their In lecurlng the tickeu. And everything cltiu. extra prollt. and Willow In the opportunl went over In a big way. J lme, Gr.llinger Mon men know. if they would .top to eon tiet ol II loaring I tock market. But the and lI arry tloover were the eloak room . ider. th.t underbidding their Brotheu in working man ha. hb certain definite I8lary, orderliu Ind were kept rea] bUlY. wlIgU or Ume will do no good and only en lind out ol thlLt tR1A ry must pay the higher Martin Grahnm h .. , hi, Whippet runnlnll' couruge olhe,. to go find do likewi.e. pricel inddental to pro"perlly times. ngaln. The l ame one that he IlIld up lut Whllu II 'eemingly momentary advontage "When hRrd t imea come along. prieea May lor n unlvenal joint. lJut h~ Ilt le,ut for hlm'elf mlly appeol to II ,ellbh or du eventually ()rop. It II only at thi, time own. the Cllr even if he hllln't hall the " .. p"""h, ""ltl. it C1 Technlul dlseuuione, economie lecturn, L. U. NO. 349, MIAM I, FLA. podr), and ~O(Iklng reelpu have their proper tlon. Ind they . re all dolnlr It. But how placea In the JOURN.-.L .nd no appreciated Editor! mnny members 01 the 1. U. E. W. ere on but we don't like them In the co rreapondenee We of Loc.1 No. 349 could devote col. their ply rolla as Inltruetol'l, m.y 1 ..k f • eet;on. umn. of apace 10 deflated boom., hurri . lIow many have a "olee In what they .re We don't want to knock, 10 now, It we're cane.. deprenlon, unemployment. bre.d teaehlng. lind 1110.t importflnt of all. wh o wrong on this matter, put UI .tuliht and we linn, etc., tor OUr troublea began two ye.ra Ia keepi ng a cheek to aee that thele public will begin Icndlng In lettcn that will 1111 before the eener.1 depruaion let In. but fundi lire .pent a. called for by I .... ' i. e. C(lium n after column. Otherwil. we'll lond we are goinlr to refrain from dwelling: on no one I. ellll'lble to .ttend thelt! elllllel In .hort letkn full of optimlltie nIlii'I itema luch lubJects, and lellve it to other 10c.11 unleu he II employed lit the trade! Thl, concnninll' the member., the local ~nd the not 10 .ceu.tomed to thele condltiona to should be double cheekt d. The Interna. ,'ommunlty in whleh we work. upreu their views, .nd offer their virioul t;on.1 Ollice .nd the V.rtOUI local ••~ to ' PIIII. CALI,,\IUI<. cure-a!!. for the sume. We, now, accept be commended for their educntlonal .ctlv. ---- them u a mailer o( fact .•nd II necell.ry Itles, but why not .tand.rdlu them f Why L. U, NO. 324. LONGVIEW , T EXAS part In the general scheme o( life, and not have our own memberl .. in.trueto,. ~o me of tho destructive (orces to be coped .t ,3 per hour and up, pllid oul of thl. Editor: with. public fund, the eI ..... to be held In public Well, Brothen, WI have jll,t orll'aniled • Loelll No. 349. being. progrenive one, uhooll, properly equipped, with hut, IIrht, local nnd it looka all It we IIro to hnvlI ralt waa not content to stand Idly by, and walt etc., furnl,hed Y If thh wen done lome IIn(on condition.. ChHler w .. Installed two for Irood limes to return. Instead we got locals could tllvnt their lehool fundi into weeb a,o end we now have II memberthip husy lind atarted wh.t has developed Into other uleful ch.nnell, Ind IIrhten the 10ld of 21. one of the mOlt up·to·date tr.de Ichoola en lome worthy Brotherl who Ire havinr a We haven't lin agreement ,Igned .1 yet in the country. lIere la II grand oppor. hlrd .truggle. At pruenl our lehool i. but, tblnk, to Brother Inrram Ind the com. tunlty mllny loc.la are overlooking, .nd te.chlne lI"'e aubjeelll: dr.fUng and I.yout. mlttee, we upeet to hive IIIL the contractors one the Internation.l Office Ihould ape. material ••nd trlde terml, Ipplied mllthe. , igned UII before lhll roel to preu. ciallse on lit the eArliest pouible moment, m.tICl, code and ordinance. rlltllo anti lound. ~Iost of the work here I, '·.hotrun" Ind lind try to atand.rdize as nearly II pos .nd .1 the el.ue. progrell lubjecll will prllctlcally 11\ knob. Ind tubel. The Broth. .ibl, our method. of inltruetlon. Space be .ddad to meet the dem.nd up to .nd H, hue are mlkinr from two lind II hnlr to In thll JOUIIN... L doel not permit me going Ineludlnr II eolleee preparatory touue for three dlY' • week. Well, thl. i. III the new. Into detaIl III to the operation of the thOle who wla h to follow eleetriclIl engineer. (rom Local No. 324. A. GARLINGTON. achool, nOr to mention the mOlt Important Inr, .. I profenlon. patti In connection with it, but to lum It In clollnr. let me .dvlle .\1 ex-memben L U. NO. 329, SHREVEPORT, LA. up briefly, we are following out the plan of No. 349. IIntl othen who lire thlnklne ~:dlt. r! .dopted by the voc.tional teachel'l at their of coming to Mllmi, not to beHeve .ny of Well, .. Inolhor month roll. by, LoclII No. n.tlon.1 convention I.,t fall. We lind th.t our newlplpe,.. In regarda to .. big bulldln, prorram, for If you rand e.refully, It II 329 b It111 on the mllp Ind on the top. We by this method, we eliminate a lot of 10 lt are all hlnrlnS" torether Ind we .hould do motion and ret Itraight to the point .t nearly .11 "propoud," .nd out of our 158 memben, leu thlln 10 .re gettlne study ~ o ellewhere. Condition. IIround Shreveport which we are drlvlnll'. After ha-ving the lire fair lind you will find them .0 In 1111 good many advantage. of trade lehool training work, over IiO per cent h,ve not rot In II • Ized towns. But when you ret Iway from pointed out to them, the membel'lhip of d.y In three monthl, and wl1l not until lite thll fall, 10 befo .... ltarUnr communi . thOle town. from 20 to 30 mile. you lind Local No. S49 .oon reallud that thl. w•• eate with Brother Frllnk Roche, bUline .. condltlonl bad •• uch II they .re, 10nr houn. one, If not lha be.t, way to bring Ibout mannger. t or true condition •. littll PIIY Ind no condltlou. And hue il • muoh higher .... erage in the ability 01 the why: Mo" linemen lire the f.ult of these membel'l, which will automatically help to R. U. Cor.VIN. ~o ndition .. In the Imiller towns linemen equal he the working houra pel' member. Our trade Ichool haa al,o been .n impor_ IITI not much orrlnlled. Once in I while L. U. NO. 353, TORONTO, ONT., CAN. you will lind one orrllnit.ed, Ind he wo rk. t.nt factor in bringing .bout h.rmony and with th.t kind of boy. or men. lie go .. a eO'operlltion .monr the membel'l, becaule Editor : little farther Ind lind. the ..me condition, everyone reaUzes it II something they have Of couree thin" are flat In the building and probllbly a few more linemen are made. In common, .nd whieh I, helpful to the trade here in TOTOnto. We hive over 25 per So one talh to those boy ••bout getting Into entire membel'lhip. cent of ou r men Idle, but feel tbat t.lklnl' the orr.nliltion. Th.. e boys without cllrds If every locnl In the I. B. E. W. hlld hard tlmn Ia not rolng to meke thlnKI any don't kno" wh.t organlutlon mean., and we managed III we did with our trade Ichool, IxlUer. "lIrd men mUlt teach them. There are JUII the locel. and .Iso th, Internatlon.1 would Our prnldent .ppolnted a apeelal HUU' too many without eardl .nd they tllk. the be In better ah.pe, IInllncllllly and other. tlonal committee lome week. 'ro, They pllce of many men who would be employed wile, than they .re today. Every . tate h.vo arr.nged weekly lecturea on lubjeeb if It wer point. and much Intern!ing lind valullble provementa. meehaniea! and teo:hnical, went intern.1 diaturbance among!lt Ute member inform.tion ..... gleaned from hil rem.rb. made and there il room for more. ahip. and a deplorable eondition existed. Our regret was that we did not ue thl, Through the co ur.. of all thia our local Some lonls threatened to disrupt the sy" "flying officer" a little more frequently, hsa bad its up~ and downs, strikes. lockout, tem council, but Brother Schroeder aaw the and that whcn he did come he didn't "fly" .nd injunctiona. Some member'll wbo "Writing on the Willi," !lied psycholog)' out the door .. hurriedly. brou&,ht the 100 per cent closed condition ~nd Won out. So mueh for Brother Bill R. GANT. that we now enjoy. are still with M and on todll.Y. but whnat writing I mighl continue the firing line. and shed light on Brother Sehroeder'. suc n:ditor·. note: This member I, ~onfu~ed. !'tinny meetings were held, som", lasted ror ceuora aa general chnirmlln. The blillot c:le!lriy dllted the matter. The houu lind aome just a few minutes. At Brother J. J . Duffy, a memher of Minlle overwh~lmlng vote of the CanlidiBn Local times all tu rned out and then again just a apoll, Loeal No, 88(1, was elected in J un~, Unions shOl"l thia member doe~ not expreu few, Yes. juat enough to make a quorum. 1925. to lucceed Brolher Schroeder. and he their ~entime nt .) T,,·o businesa agents held office alternately. heM office until J uly I. 1930. when he --- They were J. ~'erni and D. O'ConnoT, Many resigned to IlClcept a more reaponsible po.i l. U. NO. 500. SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS boya held eleetive office, from president on tion u an International Repreaent.live down the line. under guidance of Intunatlonal Vice Presi. Editor: During the entir e history of our chuter dent C. J . McG!oglln . In order to sltllin WondeT(ul I. the fiope and fortitude of the there wsa never a time that the Internationlll .uch pre.tise lUI to gTaduate from a sen working duna after thi. long .iege of lin· Omce did not rendeT all assistance that was eral chalrm.n to a pollitlon as an Interna employment and trouble. There la Illmoat .n uked. Abo otheT bodies guve suppOrt. tional Reprelentetiv ... , one must know hl~ entire abaence of the bitterneu 10 common 'The pages of time .re turned to the pres .. onion .... lind DrotheT John luuly does. • a few yeara back. The new l'(!aUution In ent and we now lire complying with the re Weare sorl')' to 10.18 you, but ne .. ertheleaa, the back of their mlnda that the thinking queat of the tnte",ational Omee .. to amal accept our th.nka and appreeiation with people of this country have at lut begun to gamation find we want to take this time to an abundllnce of luck on your new job. Tealiu thllt the ve.at hum.n element mUlt be thank one .nd all for the aniatance rendered, The vacancy created by Brother Duffy III con,ldcred givn them no doubt II measure 01 L. U. No, 68, aa in the Pllst history. hu general ehsirman waa automatically bol fortitude. for had we not a ray of hope for been very f.ir on thb subjeet DC amalgsma· stered up by the president of the ayatem the luture. there would aurely have been tion and the agreement i$ very favorable to council. Brother Williem Hartzheim. chaos before now. both locala. Brother Hartzheim hold. a cMd out of At the preBent writing we hllve II few L . FUNI" Local No. 628; being well tnlcnted. con membeu working a. common Inboreu at verslve nnd IIdapted to righteouaneSl, he $2.76 per day. I nm not wriUng this to be became the Idol of the loeal to assume little but to .how thnt we are proud of them L U. NO. 528, MILWAUKEE, WIS. numerous committee and delegate respons,_ and to explode that bubble 10 commonly ~:ditor: bilitie.. As a ahop-.teward, Bill mnked handed out about meeh.nica th.t hlld rllther December 8. 1931. wil\ mark s 26-year ace.higb. Thil i, lin scknowledged fact by w.lk the streets than to take other employ' existence or Loul No. 528, IIcknowledged the various other craft committeemen, that ment lit " lower rllte of pay. But, thank to be the olde!!t railroad local affill8ted with comprlae the local federation. When he God ..... e h.ve not had one single inlt"ne!' the I. B. E. W. On that very evening the went into conferences "'ith the railroad where a member h"l olfered hi a IW'lrvieel JIll eleHrical workeu employed at the Milwau management on gTievanceB. nothing r ... · an electricilln It • lower rate of pay. kee .hopa of the present well-known C. M .• mained undone or laid. lind nine timea OUt With the experience of the pilat year t St. Paul and Pacific Railway gathered at of 10, 'cprrectiona werll made In hi. favor. wonder lomctimes it It would not be the the old Frei Gemeinde HilI!. Fourth Ind due to Ihe fllct that hi. Cales .... ere mllde proper thing for UI .. trade union men to State Street!!. They pledged themselves "Iron tlsd," preaent~d. lind hendled all if look more thoroughly into the conditiona unitedly to peTpetuate a permsnent, con· by Il rhlladelphia I.wyer. among the average laborera befol'f!o we our crete org.. nization. Quoting from record, Hia qualification ... to • general chair· selve~ be accused of cre.ting • clan aome· the enrollment consisted of 25 membeu. man tire therefore beyond reprollch. whllt on " shelr above the greater mill. of eleetriclans, helpen and npprcntices. Tho 1115 prime object at pruent 18 to make working people. We expect fIIir treatment acale of wsgea varied according to cla~sifl. the entire .ystem 100 per cent organized. from otherl, then, If we ourselvu have been cation. and from indications f am led to believe fOTgetful on lhllt point. would it not be wise Brother William SchroedeT WBtI cholen that the tlmo i. nearing when his des ire to Itart thinking a little leu about ourselvu to take the reins as the local's first prcai wlll be fullliled. and II good bit more about the other fellow. dcnt. He was ,,!!sisted by the following: Slncc hia office tenure'. July I. 1930. report~ who i, not fortunate enough to have a trade. Gus Otto. vice president; II. J. Difl'ert. verify that he auccee(led in receiving 22 yet h .. the hlXury at an IIppatite' Thl. I. reeording secretary; Pllul Maddcn, flrlt appllc.tion, tor membership. the l ame ba just a thought and may not atrlka the fancy inapector; B. J. Kelly, tnaaurer·financial ing depOl ited In the 10cRI orgnnhations 01 some of our members. but 1 know there lIecretary; George Lipscomb, foremlln. and having juriadlction. are • good many Brothera who feel lik~ R. Nofke. ~econd inspector. 01 this ofllclal In behalf of the local. I take thia oppor yours truly. roster Brothe" Schroeder and Dift'ert. .re tunity to offer the deepeat regret and heart_ WM . CAH I.80N" Itill with 115. and remain a fighting unit lelt .ympathy to Rrother W. Lemke. preal In sll rcspect!. In due reverence to Brother dent of Loul No. fi28. a llo hla brothera and L. U_ NO. 5 14, D ET ROIT. MICH. Schroeder it has been said that he right. aislera In the bereavem~nt of their d~parted. fully can be ~a lled the "Father of Lo~al beloved mother. Editor: No. 528." He originated the idea of get JOliN ~hJ ELLER . Fourteen year. and live month, 1111'0 a ting organized. and if gTievance9 arolle be few men organiud and procuTed II charter wlluld unselfishly devote his time and eft'ort .nd were to be known .a L. U. No. 614, to lettle such. so ., to keep the boya In L. U. NO. 584. T ULSA, OKLA. I.B.E. W. 1I'00d humor and bring about loeal thrivlI Editor: The time hll$ come now when we ahall IU f lion. During the peat few month the bu ~ine!S nmdeT our charler, at a request from the Whilst the railroad strike of 1918 waa agcnu' organization of 'Tulsa de "iewpOint on orgnnl:tl!d labor than they for I lurely wi,h we could get all of the boy, L. U. NO. 601 , CHAMPAIGN A ND m~rly had. Brother Petty hn made lleve ..l at the electric compony. U RB ANA, ILL. t.lk. ""fore other dasu. and. few night!! The electric comp.. ny put on a btg feed Editor : .~o Brother W. H. Whitworth .nd I made Wednesday night In honor of Nath .. n K .. uf Knowing how il not aU there is to it: t.lk. to • b.nker·, dna. Six monthl ago man, known a_" "the J ew," for ••vlng my life kno.ing why i. I big factor. which .hould we would not even have .ttl!nded thil d ... October 2~. 19:'10. I came in eontact with be considered In thil age of electricity. With .nd we eertainly would not h.ve .ttempted 13,000 volts .. nd ...... out for eight minutes. thil thought in mind we have been going and Kaufman .... orked on me and brought me 10 make a Ipl!fth. along- nicely with our school for electrici .. n •. back to life. So "Ihe Jew" was awarded the I .m IIOrry to u.y that Hveral of the mem W. have been very fortunate in having a. Insull medal and $100 In gold. Surely was ben ot bolh eluiel dropped out before th" our inltructor Professor A. R. Knight. M.S .. 10111" teed! E.E., of the University of lIIinoia. He not c1o~e ot Ihe term. BUI we are ready to start I ha\'e not seen anything of L. U. No. 196 another d.n composed of or,anlled I.bor only hal the theory but is .. bo a practicsl in the WORKER for lOme time. Ll!t UI hear man in the field. It haa IIlwaYI been the .nd bu~ineu .nd profeuion.1 men. Outlid" from you. I want te know how my boy friend, policy of Local No. 601 to keep the trade at of th" bu.ineH agenu, the eleetrical worken Eddie De ('ota. i5 getting on. a very high st.andord. In .. vocational s<:hool will probably bl! the only other ml!mbeu of J ... CK. experience m~.ns very much when! it comes or,allized labor. 88 we are the only craft to conveying the knowledge of mechanleal that M'ems to be interested. We have lur· devicetl. So with an inltructor of this type priaed a number of people by talking upOn L. U. NO. 595, O AKLA ND, CALIF. e\'erything is easily understood and the theo any subject th"t our IlI$truetor requests. All Editor: retical vI ",wpoint is .. lsll ut.ablished. With or our ml!mbeu who have been taking public this viewpoint the hard Job. lin! made eaaier. speaking are very l!nthusiutie about it. and As I promised In my 1.1t artiele to give you .. nd the Brotherhllod al large a report Under the new constitution we are tunc_ our only regret il that we did not "tart ot the state building trades convention and tioning In .. businus-like manner. The ezec· yellrs a/l:0. also of the Blate eonCere nce of insIde ele~ utivl! board haa m .. de lever al chnnges here We are anxiously waiting the return of and there and the r uult has been beneficial. trical worbr... which W88 held in Oakland on our by-iowl and working ruin from the In. March Hi. 16. 17, and 18. I will try to the If t he deprCIISion, which il so much talked or ternationel Otlice to see wh"t parts are .p be"t of my ability to keep my word. .. t this time. doesn't let up a little we will btt proved .nd what diSApproved. On", !leCtion. 'fhe state conference of eleetric.. 1 .... orb .. ..ble to hold meetings in the d .. ytime instead e,pedally. which il th.t .n members of loc.1 held its lirst meeting I ...t year .t Sa.:ra of eveningl_ We hear .. lot ot talk of big unions n!gistu 110 that they may vote. Sev mento, at which time a tent.tive plan for project. but lomehow they never materi .. lil". eral rnembtors of th" loc.1 objeeted to this th" org.nUation ..as formed. About the only work to melltion now il the ~eetton, but It .houM be just as _nlial for 'fhia y"ar at Oakland the conference held maintenanee end ot the tude and th.t _ms OUf membl:'rI 10 be abll! to vot" .. it il to its lirst meeting in Loclll No. 695'. headquar· 10 have f.U"n off. But We have a few for li"e up to an}' working ful". ters on March 15, at which time a plan was tunate Brothers in thil line at the Univer. The ..chool bo.rd here in Tuba ,","",ently lity of nlinllit. outlined .nd office .. "Ieetf'd. con~iating of a adopted an open 'hop pOlicy. owing to one of ch.irm"n, 5I!Cn!tary-treaaurer and five ml!m' We are now io the ltage (If ","visin, our th" men on tbe bo.rd not caring for organ l.ws and hllP\'! have them approved SOOn. ~rs IIf .n exeeutive commitlel!. to iud l.bor_ This .iluation could hav" been A commit1ee ••• appointed Ul draft by ('in:umal.. nces IIOmetimH alter cas"s and :tvoidPd if lut year all membera of organir.ed l.ws to present to the conferenee at the eh.nge. must be made to meet condit ions. labor had vOIN!. We .ere warned that thi~ aftunoon session, which was done and illl Th" ulull1 round of discussion and . rgu would occur if «rtain men were elected and report .... the lint ordn of hu.in",,', I ments must be It'one through and I hope thai e'·en then "'l! could not get organiud labor would like to l!nclose the complete minutes Itare ia p&$sed. If they .re returned "P' to 1t'0 to the pOlls. Nut month we have an_ for e"erybody to read but as they .. re quite proved everJthing will bt' okay. other eleetion ..hl'lI thl"ff membt'ra are to be long I will give you lUlt a few points of H. C. Ll:wl!I. elected to th" Khool board. H ..e can elecl inlere~1. threl! friends of org.nlud labor to vote with After the adoption of thl! by-Iawl. thl: one we have on the board .e ..ill be .ble to ollicers {or the enauing term were ell'Cwd. lIa L. U. NO. 699, A UST IN, TEXAS put members back to .ork. folio•• : Chairman. A. O. iJansen, I.. U. No. Edit or: Who", a siluation of this kind exists alld 340; Sl!Cretar)'-treasurer. A. E. Cohn. I•. U. Along wi t h the busineu depre""ion that to OU r membera do not vote 10 geL rid of these No.6. Executive committee: II J . Th(lrn UI Demoeratl of TelCes ~eem. characteristic men , thell we do not "ven dl!lIerve to urry II ..all. I,. U. No. 3112; w. Slrak~. I .. U. No. of the .. dministration of Mr. lloover. cer card in any labor oqlRnlution. bec.use we 59~; W. M. B~rtram. I. U. No. 413; W. G. tain event, have come to pasl. th", m,,",ory of are onl)7 uncllonlng sn open 'hop pOli~y. ('asey. I.. U. No. 302; E. I). Eshleman. I.. U. which we wish to perpetuate as creating a A$ lonl" ft~ Ih' country is politically COli· :\0. ,,95. contrast to a depre!!!;ve ,entlment. I refer trolled "-e .hould IIlwoya be r""dy to vote for A committee was IIPPointed by the eh.ir· to the o rganiz.. tion of L. U. No. 699. Thil the ~,t intne.t of ont.. nized labor. man on Tl!aolutions {or presentation til the union il .. n outside loeal loeated in the capl JO& LY~1'1 state bunding trades eouncil. t .. 1 city of the Lone Star State. MOlt of the The resolution prellenled asked for more ml!mbl!" ot this loc .. l formerly bclongl!d to in~JII'<'~or.. of eleetrieai inlt.. U.tion~ not com L. U. No. 520 (. mixed loeal) but now. as a L. U. NO. 585, E L PASO, TEX. ing under city inapedon lind .. I!lO to enf and WilD .r~ .Iread,. ~.inn i nl" t o lift the 111.00 .nd the completed job .howed an l ion." 1a responllble (or our un.tcbl. "'I linemen out of t he lordid rut. wher e they .ctual •• vinr of ,98,649.00 (within the ployment. If part of the lolution II in our have been liowl, pl Gd ding for the palt few money). The m.Jority of the mechanici on own handl. why not u.e It t If lha ncu.l· yeau. thi. job were union I.bor. ing of busine.. by confining our purch"lng The fo ll o .. ]ng olllceu were eJected to lerve T he Arbon. I. the mOlt complete mod to flrml who lire contributing tow.rdl our until J une! F r ed W. Nowlin, prnldent; H. ernlzl t lo n Job ever Iccompli.hed by thi. support through Ihipplng by rail, will tend D. n andberry. viet! pre.ldent; J oe Gault, y.rd. It includel the IlIteBl of .clantifle to mllke our jobl more aeCl,lre, why not hive reeording ,cerehry; Brother Jlaek, t realurel , fi re-control lind n.v!gaUonal InltrumfnlB and intelligent . nd orr-nlud movement and Jimmie Sparh, pre.. I«retar1. and .pplillncel, radio equipment, under towardl the end' To thOH who are lukin, employment. W~ w.ter uplorlng device. und .n lIutomatic The .... rlou. road, h ....e requ8lted thll, cannot advbe your coming to thl, aeetion of telephone Iy.tem connecting with e\'ery but we bave only gone into It hatt hUM the lute .t thl' time. Thue I, very little ellSenti.1 plrt of the ahlp. The Arhona edly, adopting the attitude 01 "let Geor~ work In progre... The member. here han in .ddition il equipped with .trlctly modern do It." If the effort on our part will tend lolt little tima. hewncr, due to lh. in,bn. rec reation.1 equipment Including "talkiu" to ltabilize, In .ny way, our employment. tion of quite a number of uU:nlion. and also .nd lever.1 of the latest type of A. C. radio then It me.nl II much to u ••nd r.llro.d m.":]n, addition. to the plant lueh a. new bro.dc.n receivers. I.bor orpnh.tionl I. it does t.o tha .... rlous turblnu, dc. In till. relpec:l the 1_1 m,,".' Without queltion the Ari.on ••nd her road •. bera h ...e the ellJ r.then to thank for theIr sister Ihlp, the rcnn.ylnnl ...re todlY the O. E . I,RN1 ell'orta In relining their portion ot lloo"e1's most modern l upcr·dreadn,urhll In our N .... y .nd prob.bly in the wo rld. prosperity bu rden. L U. NO. 794, CHICAGO, ILL. Judging from the prenlling conditions that There II • S.nta CIIUI. seem evident In other cltie., Austin lleeml. in During tbe palt year thl. 10c.1 hal been Editor : compllrllon, to be In a lalrly good condition. very fortunlte. the modernb.tlon bill w •• AI per leYeral hl nl. from the olTlce of The au.bl"ty of the economic condition Ia paued in the I.u m.d .cramMe In Con InternlUonl1 Vice Pruldent McGlor.n t o probsbly due to the effect of the apending of gnu .nd we .re getting t he B.ttlethlp prell lecretaries in ,eneral, your. truly. the '~.D-OO.OOO bond laue in the proceu or Miuinippl (510,000,000); we no. hue the one of them, has dedded to write a fe ... erec.t!ng .torm llewen, brld~1 Ind Ilying Army Dredge Chinook (PO,OOO). The Clril notn now th.t the Itorm II over. plvunent. Conllradlan of two large build Senoice ~tirement I.w has been further At present Loul No. 79 ~ I. 1I0t lettlllg ings on the eampUll of tbe Unlve~ity of liberalir;1': .. and the resulting employment of sev· hope that our ""-hour bill .ould come to tenor of our .'YI we are lII.kln¥ lome erll hundrl' O~' l\.:W M~~MI! .. n !:l ISITIATim IlY I, U. 91". TIH) I.AII(:'::l1' rl.AHR IN the IlrotherhO<>d and thouundl of elleCtrlcal TilE U1STOItY OF 'l'IIK I.OCAL worlrerl aU (lVer the United Statea Ind Can Third. fourlll Ind /\tIll m~n {trom left 10 rl"btl In front row a .. A. I,. Berg. prnldent, ada have been out or employment an winter. L. U. No. 912: J. J. Dull',.. Inlernatlonll OT/,snlaer ; R. D. JonN, !$ee retar" SYltem The uhlultlon of the "'I'\nll"l of yean and Couocll No. 7 214 The Journal 0/ Electrical Workers and Operators April. 1931 reaentatives Slattery and We.tgard know men alto,ether (a picture accompanin thll Employment here .t the present time II that they are welcome whenever they come article). Moat of the new memben were not what could be upecled, nnerthel... , wa to tOtnl, whieb II too leldom to lult UI. from the Cle"el.nd Union Termin.1 Dbtrlct. Upeel to be'le all of our memberahip em I believe Brothe" Slattery and We.Lcard That showed them one thing. then, when ployed by the tlma thi. copy trOll to 1'1"" hail from Chicago, the town thn IIrU burnt tbey we.re ht.re. we h.d a apeeis! meednr for PllInr Lblt I. beln&, driven for our new down by a eo.... Yenlr, Brother Durr), h .. their benelit .t which 116 turned out, lOme It.lehouae I, nearly completed. Two more been here 100& enough to IDle hi. Swedllh huing t heir wlyu. At tbls meetin&, we h.d w~kI will see the electric.1 work belPn, .1110, scunt. Intern.tional Vice Pruldent C. J. McGloran, there Ire numeroua small jobs comln&, up for On March 19 our execoU,. board were ""ho lpoke •• to wh.t thi~ orgsniutlon tha ne.r future. entertained by the vi,lton at • banquet means to e.ch .nd e"ery one of UI. ms talk In a Pllt iu ue of the WOIIKJ:R, I read lin after which we held an open mectlne at WII preceded by Ihort t.lk. by Brothen .rtlclo by a Droth!!r in C.nada wherein he tended by the "ialting chairmen and alto Dufty .nd Weltgs rd, Intern.tion.1 Org.nl! atated that he can get 1,000 pound. of bull tke wivea and f.mBin of our member•. We en, MaeintoBh, of the C. P. R .. and, last but mooa8 for. IO·cent bullet. It i. obvious wefe glad to .ee I'ruldent Berg with UI not leaat, our own Gener. 1 Chairman. Uroth. th.t IIOme o! our prominent economic poli. even though he ..... not able to take charp er McClI.l1oUlh, of N. Y. C. R. R .• who tlci.ns ."" doinr J\I.IIt that .nd e.Unr lllOatly of the meeting. Vica Pretident B. D. Toll, ICratched hIs head when he W all introduced the bull psn of the mOON from the d!!pren •• l pei:ified in the eon.thutlon, took eharee a. our famoul concert l inger. Of COUrie. T Ion .olution. they."" tryinr to ei"e to the of the met!ting a nd conducted It In hi. mUlt not forget ,hat we h.d a lut minute Inte1lleent public. How Is a body rolne \0 ulual etl'lden! manner. Af~r liltenin, to a chanre to m.ke In our progr.m. 10 I lubltl· praetice economic. without the necuaa'7 Itirrin, mesllge from Vice Prelldent Mc_ luted two of our loc.1 n[lht club entertain fund.l POLLARD. Giogan and a ,hon addre.. by Brother. er a from tho PI.u Club of this city, who Wellgard and DuIYy. Entertainment Chair were.. enjoyed by 1111. L U. NO. 1141. OKLAHOMA CITY. man E. C. Frank preaonted a program of On Friday. Mareh 20, Urother AI Rouman OKLA. entertalnnient which Will enjoyed hy all. .nd Eugene Frank. eh.[rman of arrange· Editor: We trust that our "laiton from Local No. monh committee, conducted the gener.1 Nero fiddled while Rome burned. ConfJre.. llOS enjoyed thlmilivel. Our Ilitchitrin, chairmen on • tour OYer the Clevel.nd Union h.rped while thoullnd. lull'ered for tha II alwaYI out. Come ar.ln, Brothen. Termin.ls property. Including the Collinwood nee_ities of lifa. Olc.l.hom.'a Ion. Will On March 20 the vl,lton were conducted b.d!: shop .nd the munici~1 .irport. at Roren. took bis trumpet In hand and put on a "illit throoCh Collinwood locomotl"e which we had lundt. The tour of theBe In a mualeal no~. Oh wh.t a dilferant and car shop. and tbe new electrle loeo_ p\a.c:el wu throurh tbe coortesy and eG- William J . HUlo, L U. No. 18 It I. wllh dl't'p "ltr"t lod lorrow that 1.0(11 • • NO. 18. I. II. E. W .. rceo.da tbe pu,lng Into • • Ih" Ot'l'ftl lI ~yond ot our worthy Urotber, WII ••• • IN MEMORIAM ••• tt.", .I, lI u,",,,; U ' ~"' tOI'e be It • • lIuI'Il,ed. Thlt our .Ineere Iympllth,. btl • utendNI to the bfrelVed tftmlly: lind be It • r".Uler 1i{'lol"ed, Thll II eopy of Ihue . "'l'Ilutlon. hft R~nt 10 Ihe rlmlly I'If the dl'C1:"ued, • cop,. hI' to."'lIrd~,1 to the Worker r(lr publlutloll Thoma. J . Nell on. L. U . N o. 15157 Jerry O'Meara. L U . No. 231 11I d I cop. I).fI 'IIre.d upoo OU t m lnutrl; In,1 In th., auddeu pual0l' ot our "t""lIIed When.'11 Alrul/:hl,. Ood, In 11 11 Inllnlt" ,,'1 •. IIf' It fnMhtr Brolb ~r. Tbom.. ~. N~ I .on. tor merl,. a memo dom b,. aeen lit to "'1110'"'" from ou. mldlt IIMol""tl, Thl! OUr .. harter Ill' d.lllt"'l f o, a bel' of f.ocal Uliloo No. SfO. Miami•• nd LOC!III In old Ind fllthtul ml'mbol'.; IIId Jlf'rll'ld nf 30 dlyl.• nd Ihll ... ~. Ihl' mfn,Wu 1111100 No. IH8. Flint, Local Union Nn. 1161. Whl'no: .. l,oeIl NO, 231. I. U. E W., bU. nf Lo<-a l Nu. 18. I . 8 . E. W .• 1,.,lull' II .. tull, S./{In ..... "'Itb profnund ~rro .... r_rd, tb. In lbe d.,.tb or lI.othn .Ie•• , O'M.,..a. 1011 a_mhled. Itlad In .lIen~ rOt on" minute 111 dNlh of • frlelld Ind Brotber .....0 b,. re.. o ll a Irue Ind tll'lhtul friend: furlbH tribute 10 hll m~mor,., ot hll .. Ide u~rI~nce Ind 10,.11t,. to Ibe RHolnd. That we eJ:l~nd to tb" tamn,. I'It RAY A ~tJoNOAN. Ufotberbood 1$ In l ...epa ..ble I..... 10 tbll "rotb". 0'.101.,.1'11 l'Iur dl!t'pelt omplth,. In L. R. folISSO:-;. 10(:11 011100 B . othe. Nellon t .. nltUred 10 theIr be, Hyement; Ind O. folANDEIUI. L ocil No. M1 frllm Flint Ill/{hll,. OftI' • ,. ..1' RNDITed, Thlt our !'hlrt!'. I", d,..ped tor I Reaolulll'ln" Commlttl'l'. IIlO II .. d l~ 11.reh 23. 1001. UP 86 ",·art'. ptrlod or 30 dl,.1 Ind Ihll I fOpr of these The~to~ be It relolutlnnB be Hill 10 the tlmlly or 001' d"· itHol.ed. ThAt ..e ulend our IlnM're I,.m· parled B.olbn. I COI'y 'PI"('III upon tbe mlo John J . M eEn c roe. L. U . No. 309 ,.aU,,. I" bla ber..... ed ..lfe Inl! flmll,. III tltel of the IDeft! lind I eoP.J' Mnt to Ih .. Ibelr bour ot lorrow; lbat OUt eh.rter be Worker fo. plilollclilOIl. Whcrl'u It h .. pl~,aed Alml,,"I,. 0011 . In dl'1ll'~d In mourolng fo. I Pf'rlod of 30 dl,1 CQ.1oIlIITTEE. 11 1. InOnll~ wisdom to cnll 'rom nil. ln1(11I .nd tt'lt • C'1)py of Ibis ...... 01\'110" be lent 10 Ilrnlhl'. J ohn J .101(,};lIer(ll': tlt~ ..... fl'l~ btl It our omelll Journll and I C'1)py be apl"i'Ild upon 1I 1'111'11'~, I, 1'IlU ou, IloCf're ,yn,pllh,. he ,,.ten,l~d 10 Ihe bere... ~ d '.mll,.: Inti IH) It Ihl' mil'"I .... fi t 011 1' loeal uuloo. Step ...... P ic:.a Ui, L . U . No. 523 CONRAD LA LONOE. tu.U,,,.. ItHol,td. TbU I ~op,. ot thl'lI N'IQ \t.Unn. WALTER J . BIU!):I. It '" ~.row with dei'p thll we. the m"m· hfo ~OII~ C. DENim,,,. l.lflra of Local Union -No. :1:2. I. R. K W" !M'nl 10 Ih" t.ml1y ot Ih~ d_.... 1. In,\ Commluee. mouu tbe I..... I'If our Hteo-m...t Brother. Ihlt I f'Op,. IIf' ltort'lld upoo ou. n,lnlll,... Ind Stl'pben I'lt'IIlti. a rop,. I", wnt to lb" Ioll'rll.ltion.1 om~ fl'l. :-C-~~ HI, nOble J .mel R icbar dl, L U . N o.9 H. E. SIr . ...", L U. No. 17 Wbe~.. Almlght]' God, 10 01, lollolte wll' II It wllh HOLDING TH E REINS Ride to safety and insur ance protection for your family and relatives on ONE PENNY A DAY For most people, a penny a day buys things of little value, but for you Electrical Workers it buys $250 life insurance on your wife, children and relatives, in THE FAMILY GROUP , This policy is not sold by agents, but directly t hrough t he In ternational Office. The low cost makes it possible to fit into slim budgets, so that :\11 members cun secure this protection for their families; also, because of its low cost, it can be ndded to any insurance policies that are now carried in other compani es. • Don't delay! The opportunity is youn NOW. Se nd In your application TODAY. Tomorrow may be too late. Write w for de tails and additional applications. 218 The Journal of Electl-ical WOI'kel's and Operata/'s ApI·a, 1931 APPLICATION FOR INSURANCE ELECTRICAL WORKERS' FAMILY POLICY UNION COOPERATIVE INSURANCE ASSOCIATIOX, Washington, D. C. I certify that I am the ...... of ...... ___ ...... n member COhoe r('1"tlGu$illp) of the I nternational Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, Local Union Ko ...... , and I hereby apply for ...... units or $ ...... •...... Jife insurance, and wilt pay $ ...... ench ...... for same. n.-ur. half·yen., (jun'lN 0. month) I certify that I have no impairment in my health or physical condition, and have no dcfornl ity, except ...... Dale of Birth ...... Occupation ...... Race ...... plomb nay·Yea.) Birthplace ...... __ .. Sex Beneficiary ...... Relationship ...... ,_ ...... __ ...... ·• .... (·lii·.te full '''' lI1e ."tI relMtlonshl1l or peuon 10 whom In.u.Hue Address of Bcnefidnry My name is ...... -- ...... ( 1·.IIlI you. '''''''~ III fuU-u"t Inltlnls. It mDr.I",\ «~e o,,'n "nnw. KU("I< ". "lldUII Smith" ""tI nOI I<(lsbo"d', .... "'c, D ~ "M. s. Jon(l'B *"Ith") , M y "ddress is , ...... (Sln"'t ~"d nUll,ber City aud f;tale) Date ...... QUESTIONS BELOW TO BE ANSWERED IF APPLICANT IS A MINOR 1. Father of Child. Full Name Birthplace Birth Date Occupation 2. Mother of Child. Full Name Birthplace Birth Date Occupation 3. Premiums will be paid by: Name Addres8 (The Union ('O" I lf' rlltl~ c I"Ju .a",·" '\ !UI(>t-l atlnll ....,;,ervt'Ol the .ll1ht to r~J\"Ct ~ny .pplle-lInl (M tbl~ '"' U•• "'", tor nny caule wl'Rt~""r an,1 In ule or .ejeetlon will . " Iu.n to ,10 .. 11 1 1 , Jt~~nt tt ~ (ull amount ot n,,! II.yment rorwa.lied "'Uh Chll /l11.,lIeMU,," '1'101' In~urllnee will ltet;owe e lf~'Cth'" "n dlHe luued loy che Uulon Coope rallve ID8urau~'C A~@ oel .tl o" ME h. Jiom" OlHcc In Wa_IIlu"IOII, D. C.) NOTE: Are limih, 1 to 50 ye.rl. In ned i" u "ih of $250.00. Limit of i",ura"ee fo r anyone pe ..o,,: Are, 1.5, induli"e-$250.00. Aiel 6·50, i"dulive--$500.00. Cod per u .. it: If p.id . .. "u.Uy. $3.60; Se mi •• nnuaUy, $1.80; Quarterly, 90 eenh; Monthly, 30 c:e nt. or "Penny. O.y." Rec:e iph i .. ued ror pre mium payment. will .how d.te ne .. t paymenl is due. No .dditional p remium n olice, will be se"t. Make C hecks P . y.ble 10 INTERNATIONAL BROTHERHOOD or ELECTRICAL WORKERS C . M. BUl"ni.ltet • .nd Se nd with Applicatio.. to Internationa l Brotherhood of Eleclrical Workers, Wa.h i"lton, D. C. • cramUr O"",p f'oll_,j,pptIQoU.., Coro"ttIhl. I.=-. J . R. lltaa) r 219 April, 1931 Tlte Journat of ELectrical Workel's and Operators rovornmental .ulatnnce exunded ~o farm· cnactment lIy lh. nut Conrrua of In etl'ec· PROGRESSIVES HOLD NEW TYPE live .ntl·lnjunctlon I..... OF CONFERENCE en In the marketlnr of Ameriean .urplu. f.rm crop. .broad. Neither ce.u r.. wu ".t. We condemn the prelllnt .ttempt te. (Continued rrom P'lfll 11111) .dopted. Jnlte.d, In an hour of national ro-eatabUlh th."lueul and convention .)'11' Tllre n~t'"tlon~, h"YII ,,,n .. rl In thl. rr\"I., .. p.nlc Ilnd wldelpraad hum. n misery lh. tern, . nd we urge the ImpOrtance of IUD t he y have In former crlae., to auume their gravity of whleh W.I co ldly Ignored, the porting, Itren~henln &" and Improving the relponsibility for keepinr their workeu em admlniatrlltlon when American agrlc:ulture direct primary. pio,ed and AmeriCAn Ind .... try at work. '11'11 uklnll' for bread ra"o It ••lone. The "5. We r ecomme.nd th.t provi.ie.n be made Tbn1l i, no longer any quett.!on that the t..,ltI' I.... of 1930 ....1 p.ut'd .nd hllltily for the .PliUr."• .., .. L"l... r" c..,ngreBII of Cabi conduct of bUBine .. cannot be left to blind Ilgned In spite of ~h o oppo.lng votel of pro lIet membert and dep.rtmental ol'llcer. for ehanee. and that every etTort mUll Immedi lrellivu In Conrre>!a regardlell of party the purpc.H of furnlablnlr Information and ately be made to lubJeet the "'dsaltude. of and onr the protut of moro thin 1,000 e. f anlwerinr que. tionl propOunded by membera finance .nd indgstry to II planned and con e.ur tounl".'. abl.t 1C0nomlatt, th. thought of Congre... Ilruet\vo progTam. tul obje<:tlonl of m.ny 01 our eountr,.'s wi •. "6. Undcrlylnar all propO ••11 il our lunda· .... Thi. committee got. on record .. de. ut bUllnon men, and the Huoned remon Jt1ental dem.nd that libert,. be realoRd to ploring the failure or our fedenl .lIthorltl~ str.nte of m.ny n.tlonan,. known r.rm rep the American people, thlt we ";ndicale b,. to make pro.blon for the mUilenl of Amen reAl'nLati"u. The II" lUted the anral'e 1,.E"isll,Uon our faith In the liberal traditionl c.n eitbcna on thfl verge of tun,llon at • levl'l e.f Larltl' dullel 10 new hei\l:hta lit a of our country. Federal I ...... houtd be time of " general .grlcultural and Indultrial tlmc when forelrn markota wt're never me.fI' . trl!ngthened to ru.rantee lind aec:ure thl' breakdoWll. The adjournment of Conlr"!u nHded to .baorb Americ.n lurplu. uporla. right. Inherent In c1tiunlhip and to punilh at " time of a It~at national crbll II an "Practicall,. unanimoul up"t opinion no" e.ftklal lawlelollne... Leci.l.tion Ihould be "y ..ioll (or ita primary dullea. lutilln that thil law has for the most part enacted to make etl'ective the pOwer of the "5. Tn order 10 brink beto", the country added new burdens to our alrudy t trlcken federal Itovernnlent to protect righ" of free the conditlonl now ubtlnjt and prolpeets f.rminr Induall"J'. BCt'aulII fo~ign m.rkeb lpe«h, f l'ft preu and free.,.uembl.ge. The during the month. to eome, the ~mmlltH h.n bN:n Ind afoll belnr more and more "ghll of minority rroup. mUll be retpeeted. provide~ for the IppOintmlnt of I .ubcom, el01lf!d to ou r eIpOrted surplus produell,allke " The elpilln'ge .c"- wllrtlme melllurc- mlttee ehlr~d with the tuk of maklnr I of farms and faetorln, with r uult.n~ farm . he.uld be r epuled, and clll~enlhip r uto~d rapid and uhlultiva lurvey of the preaent dlatrt.. and Increa.lng unl'mployment, an to thOlt! convicted thetilunder . Cltiunlhlp itate of unl'mployment and dlltrUI In cities liready b.d Industrl.1 Iltulllion hu been Ihould not be denied escept for IICU ... hieh lind nlflll II r M.lI. It _hall be the runetlon of m1!.de Imm euurabl,. "oue. are ('rlmln.1 e.ffcnllCl. The ule of the federal thll aubcommlltl!<:! to obtain all of the avail. "Sintt) ce rtain provision. of the Smoot jtOvernmt'lIt of .genu provoellteulll lind I pies able fach on the prevallinlt destitution, on lIawley t.rllf I." Ire Inlmlul to the Inter· defeat. the procelN. of reprllllentative ge.v thl' aV3i1nhll' ~SOUfeea of public and prlvau eats 01 AmHiun agriculture. I.bor, average emment. Wlre-taDping should be prohibited. a~neies o{ relief, and on the statuI of the bUllne.. "nd conBum~1"I kIIneUn" • leien. Poatolllce and olher cenlorahlp over newl· delltitute In thoae communltlea where the tille r evillon should be had of varlou, Impor papen, maltn"tinu, book! nnd other organl relourrel of public nnd private c h~rlty are tnnt tllrlfT rRtu lInd admlnl.lratlvo cI.uses, of opinle.n ahould be ended. A time· honond rapidly nearing exhaustion. It II Ihe lenN with. vie ..... to the malntenanc:f' 01 fair lind principle or the American people haa IlInc· of this comm\t~e that if the fads of thl, wholuoma eompatltlon, mort IIbull ee.m· tioned uylum for politiCilI refugee.. Thl! lurvey reveal tho necenity of lueh action, a m~rce with other nllllona, rutored conlldnncc Immigration .et . hould be IImended to pre speeinl lieu Ion of Congre .. mu, t be de nnd re.wnkencd proaperity. vent their deport.Uon. manded to prevent widupread .tnnation. "The P rorreu\ve prof(ram lookt to Ihe In " We deprecate ltovl!r nmcnt bued on hate "6. With fI~l/:a rd 10 the ~I~menh of a 'UlrUration of Identille tarllT Dolle\el , the or fn r . We decl .... our hUh in the Dill future prof(ram for the hnndllnll: or unem loundncel of which mny I)roperly be tnted of RightR ce.nhined In the lint 10 IImend· ploymcnt nnd bU 81ncift instah!!lty, Ihla com· by proven benellt. te. farmera, wage worken menta of the federal ('onltitution, in apirit mittee does not intend to rely on Inap JudI:' and our consuming public. Such polleiel can 1\1 well 1\1 in letter. ment or on any l ummary Itatement of the only be JUltilled by heult'r plly envelopea "7, We desire to emDhul~e the ltTut vslnr causes e.f deprusion. P r e.m the d.t. pbel'd for work~rt Ilnd Illrl(t'r blink b.lllnce. for Bnd Importance of unofficlalnnd ne.n·pnr tinn befe.re thlll conference by It. member. and rarm~n III well nl adequate returns to In· bureaus of reaenrch Inte. lhl! problema e.f from the p r opo~al~ made by Itudenh of the vnted rapltal. governmenl. quution thi, rommlttee hu outlined the in "Adminlltrativr .nd other t.rilf change. "8. We reeommend that Ipeel.1 dl'tailtd dbpenn.b1e iteml of cOnlt ruetlve proltram thould Indude more ~('rtaln Itandll.rd. for .tudy be given, and reporll embodyim: • One of these, the creation of a eo·ordln.ted the prompt Iln d ~mdcnt dt'termIOll.t!on of l~kiB l atlve lind procedur al proll:ram bl' pre· national lIystem of ~mployment e:xehangu, uceulve IIIrilf rllel; Ind the retllDture by p ...cd e.n the following IeheduleB: would now ~ under w.y If It h.d no' heen the ('onrre.. or the taritl'·changinj( poweu ~E tI'eetlve melh04.1 fe.r extending the Prell for the unjultiftabh: veto of the Waltner n ...... " ... "r~i.",j b), th" Prui,lt'nt. A K"nuinely IdenUa l primary ~tem fllf till' abe.lition Bill. Impllrtlnl. non·pllrlhan anti efficient taritl' of the electornl college, the morl! ndequatt "7. For the purroae of pr epllrinJ; a lound t"ommi'IJIlon, aid.. d In It I Invntl~.t!on. by control by Conltl'fls of pe.lIey and I... mak. program thl. committee will appoint Ihe fol. "n .bll' and eIpfrt people'. coun,el, Ihe.uld Inr herl'tofo~ delepted to uCt'utive dep.rt lowin@: ~ubcommlttee~. empflwenod to add to dir~tl)' r~pc.rt to tho ('ongr C'lll!. Its !'«'Om m"nta a nd commiuiona, proviaionll fe.r elimi· their membership from amonf( the upcrU m~ndntlonl of t~rltl' ch.n~cl, lIubJect to the n.tinar from lhe ft oo r of Congresa the ltTut e.f the ~untry and charll:cd with the duty lllferu.rd for ob,,!atlng 10g_re.l1ing, thlt .ny m.n or private, loeal .nd lection"l billl, of pNi!!"ntlnR': concrete propoaalll' ICl'islati.a ('.ha n~ a rel.linlt to lueh rCt'om' leavinll:' ('ongren free to rln more .dequate "1. Employment olllcea. m,.nrllltlnn'l ,hall bf' erprt.~ly tonftned to t On,ideratlon to mealUre>! of major imPOf' [ "2. Unemployment ruerve or Inlurance the aubJNu dull with In luch upc.rta of tance, lind rall'l of procedure In the Ue.use funda. the taritl' commillion." of Represent.tlve. alfeetinlt control over "3. Th" probll'm. Involved In pllnnln. for R,.prctlcnt. ,lve Go"crnmen' leghl.tlon!' .·w.i\ized indUltry. "~. The place of public work. in indua C ...... iH~. qlf """"..... 10 ...""" .... I.. 'ir. gO",,",IfIflll, Sillolor 81"01110 11 C"ui"" R. Clllfl1'l'lfrt.e Olf ClQrietdhre•. <;I:'"olor lI'ilI14 1'1'1 trilll Btabiliution. E. BomA. Repdlicoll. o/ ldolt", r/toi..-.", "r>. plth/kll", nf N~lG Muifn, CllaiNIIIIII: Increued purchasing power .nd the "Your eommlttH on attriculture hl'ld It I ahorter workda, and wn'k. "I. Thl' uconl'fll and corrupt UM' of me.ney In primAr, and gene ...' cl~tlon. hili lI"t mel'tin\;' thll aftl'rnoon, M• ...,h 12, 2:80 ~6. The co-ordin.Uon of t('lief and lila. p. m. Your tommittl"e doe. not undpresti· bilitlltie.n .etiviti~ of fedu.l, .tate lind loe.l grown to luch an alarming estenl all to menace the found.Uona of ou r IYlttm of mllte the task which has bl!<:! n impoud upon ItOVem mentl." It. 1t II the purDose Ind pl.n of your ee.m· Tariff rcpr-l'M'nta,lve j(Onrnment. We f.vor • lhllrnlll"h'vning ~ lrf'ncthf'ninl" of Ih,. na mittl't' lIS .(Teed upon to hold a ~rle, of Ce. .... ""Uu Oil 1M lorif, R.,.otor F."!<'(Ivd tlorlll corrupt prllcti('e. IICt .nd ita exltn tonfnence. during the lummer and earl,. P. COlligon, DemOCT'llt, of C%mdo, c/tai""",,,: lion to COVl' r prlmuy t'1Ct'lIont. autumn. We holM" In thl, way to av.il our· "The !'imoot-llawley tariff l~w enllcted In "2. WI' Inallt on lhe Ipeedy pauage of the aelvu of the "lew•• nd opinion. of farm June, 1930, was In larlte part the produt'l Norril I.me duck .mcndm~nt for •• tllleation leadeu, lotrme,. Ind sludenlJl of the fann of di~credited 10 ... ro1llnll: ml'lhod~ Mnd tllmk by the at.tea. pre.blem. Alter lhue (onferencl'l 111'1.11 have rupt ,bleamaRAhip. The announccd potiey "3. Thl' court. hnve shown lin inaeuinK been held Mnd ~ uch Infe.rmlllion It"thered III of the legiallltion was to promote farm pros· t~ndenfY to Ulurp leltl, l.tlve pow~u. By It m.y he poulble for the committee to H' perity. Pouible w.ya of achlevlnR that lhl' IItranllnlt e.f Injunctionl In llIoor dllpulU cure, It I, the pl.n e.f your eommlttee to hll'hly desirable purpose were: Flnt, a re III In otlll'r m.ttera lhey lI.ve ignnred rigllta enduvor to reach. ronelullon III to wh.t duction of unnecellary and e;l(CIII_lvfl tarltl' I/:unrant«d to c1tl.r.cnll by the COnltltution. the rllrm progrllm . h.U bl! lind to draft 1~1I: ' dutieB on m" nufaclured artlelea, thereby 11'81 . We oppose l uch usurpations of power by the lailitlon to be pr~llCnled for con.ldeflltion b)' ening the b""-k-brcakinjf burden. of Ilvlnll: courU .nd .pcclllcally call for the Ipted), the next Ce.ngrell." eoah borne by American brme,.: aecond, 220 The Journal of Electrical WO?'kers and Opera.tors April,1991 PENSIONS, REWARDS OR GIFTS1 ployer to the employees and, ot course, by his acts that he is generous and WHICH ? is entirely controlled by the employer. humane ill its initial express.iona pnd (Continued trom p:.ge 180) Practically the only factor common undoubtedly he intends to continue gen ployer and in the general terms of their to the two is the retirement (rom service erous and humane." After a period of empioyment, this in turn resuiting often on account of age, for the payment!! on operation, with increase of cost and vari in inferior work. thc non-contributory plan, that is, the ous unexpected developments, the nar The cost of pensioning the super employer I)c nsion, Rre uncertain as to rowing down o[ the benefits often takes annuated worker, however, is an eco amount and duration and discretionary place and "the benefits lose their char nomic problem, the question being with the cmllloycr whether they will be acter as rewards nnd become charity". whether the particular industry can made at all_ The difficu lty seems to be in the pen stand the expense, even in view of the The element of continuity, which has sion aystem. The result, however, is the desirability of the results expected to a lready been mentioned, is particularly feeling that any pension to have con be achieved by the Installation of the important with the employer pension tinuity and have the intended beneficial pension plan, not only among the old because of the unfavorable reaction on reaction on the employees must not be workers as direct beneficiaries, but also the active employees at the cessation of left too much to the discr etion of the among the active ones. this itelll of the bargain of employment. employer. but should have the element of contract with the employees. Worker. See Difl'ere ntl,. Extent of Indudria l P " lu io n• "(a) The 'contractual' feature is It is the natural feeling of employees, By means ot tables the author shows more equitable than the 'discretionary' ; who have worked long and continuously the growth oC pension systems from the (b) the pension once granted is con for any industry, that they have been date of establishing them in about uno. tinued; and (c) the 'deferred pay' issue of great impolltance in building up the Prior to 1900 oniy four companies are is met for those employees who accom plish full compliance." business ; that when they reach an age known to have adopted II tormal pension or condition beyond which they cannot plan. Up to 1926 there were about 257 In this connection the author finds the continue their activity, they should not non-eontributory and 40 contributory number of pensions which frankly admit be cast aside like old machinery, but systems in operation. There are also the ultimate liability. that is, which some element of protection should enter some informal pension arrangement., as recognize a contract relation between into the bargain of employment. distinct from the formal plans c1assified_ the employee and the employer to pay Whether any pension plan should An analysis of questionnaires indi the pension, is very small, while the cover only the destitute, or should cover cates titat 312 establishments having discretionary elass of pension embraces all the employees who have fulfilled the formal pension plans employed over nearly all the formal non-contributory conditions of service, is always an im 3,300,000 workers. Adding to this over pension plans. portant factor to those who might be ] ,100,000 ra ilroad employees, "it is In this connection there are shown a clasaed among the "destitute", although probable that the total number ot number of court decisions which have of negligible importancc to those with workers now Involved in formal pen cleared up many points of "contract" financial background and slanding. sion arrangements is approximately or "gift." Often. however, the worker who has 6,000,000. " There is also a learned discussion on provided for himself feels that he is as Another analYllis indicates that there the funding of pension and annuity much entitled to the benefits furnished is an average of one pensioner to every systems which, with the research into by the industry as his improvident 8ho~ 57 employees and applying this ratio the "quantity of superannuation", give mate. In other words, the reward of the aggregate number of pensioners is the students of industrial pensions not service should be uniform for services estimated at 90,000. only problems to be met, but also give rendered. them the answers. Including a pension plan in the work· ing conditions has become a fair ly com High . peed is no matter if you hl\'e eon mon but important factor in employ The indusion of as many revocable trol of your ear.--CaptaiJII Malcolm Camphll. ment. It tends to stabilization of indus characteristics and liability disdaimers try, as the employee looks upon it with as pOSllible "is the result of the long favor and has 11 feeling of security and thought that evolved the practice of freedom from worry during the active drel!.!li ng the pension up to look like a years of his employment. reward while reserving the necessary The reaction which follows the giving control to keep it a 'gift'." up of a pension plan after it has once "The pcnsion system'" begins been in force is very bad, as the em with good intentions. The employer ployee then feels that he has been con shows by his announcement that he is tributing for a period of years to a generous and humnne in starting it, and specific benefit in the employment bar gain which is thus taken away from him arbitrarily by the employer. A pension "JIFFY" SOLDER DIPPER Bolder. plan, therefore, must have this element of continuity in order to have any really 60 to 76 joints with one heat. Does constructive etrect on the industry not smoke the ceiling, spill or burn involved. the insulation. Co_operat iye Plan. The customary f orm of industrial pension is the contributory plan, that is, "JIFFY" JUNIOR CUTTER R portion of the cost is Ilaid by the CUll hole, I~ 10 8~ ]0 dllmeter 10 ,heel lDet.l. outtet bOJ:e~ . • employer, while re~.. 'Ularly the empioyees b.keUte, ele. It'ltl 107 1IIIIdard brief'. tt lDa7 .1111 be ulted ""th make contributions from their wages IIrlli prul. Solde. Dipper, II; J .. olo r C ul~. , I~.'~ I'.e"ald; It toward the cost. Naturally this con Iccompanled b7 tbl, Id 11111 . emllla.. ea.. St! lId tor Bulletin. tributory form of pension is practicall y ______~I~~------controlled by the employee as distinct PAUL W. 1I:00U a OOIiPANY ( EltlbUlbed. IlliG) Ch'le Op.... BId, •• CIlI ..,o , UL from the employer and is usually volun En tlote.t flad N.me ___ • _ _ _• ______tary instead of being compull:lory and o 8 ud me " mpper • 1'.01_ Street ______uniform. o 8ead ma " ...... r C ..u .. r • ".IS. ctty ______• __ _ _ The non-contributory pension, that is, o 8nd .... mpl .. te "'1',. baUe" • . one furnished by the employer entirely, is in the nature of a gift from the em- April, 1991 The Jou1'1wl of Electrical Worker8 and Oper ator8 221 P UBLIC WORKS PROGRAM NO wo rk. But here aleo Dr. WolmMrl directs training. Like all critics of the Amer PANACEA nttention to aeverul obstllcles. "Tho choice icnn unions who do not know their of the Adm iniatrnt!oa to have power to de actual workings or who do not under (Coutlnued frOlll pHlI'e 181) clare when the emerRency h~ 1 arrived and stand at all the motives that drive to have chargo 01 Bperodlng theM huge funds through the movement, Mr. Adamic which when turned into purc hasing b not unimportant. Mo reover, il the amount power [or consumers' goods would of public construction. withheld from cur· strongly stresses the Amer ican Feder greatly aid business recovery, rent programa la lubltnntlnl, aay Il.t the rate ation of Labor, its officialdom, anti it.s of $1,00(1,000,000 a yeltr, the withdrawal may officiul decrllell. Mr. Adamic never sees Theory Not Yet Telted well have the effect of precipitating or halt beyond the ollicial window dressing or cning a decline in bUl inc .. that might other To translate this theory into practice the labor movement to the trade unions wl~e not hnve been lroevltable". In addition , thellioolves with their hundreds of thou is quite another matter, Unfortunately, co naldoratlons of practlcill emergency would little study has been given to the prac sands of self-respecting craftsmen, mltke difficult the wholesale po stponement or interested in their craft as an artist is tical obstacles involved in carrying out public c.nltruction.. An local and atate such a program,t Dr. Leo Wolman of govetnmentl are nell.rly alwlty. behind In interested in his art, trying to protect the Natiunal BUI'call or E colloII)ic Re their program. 01 permanent improveme"t. it and raise t heir Btandl1rd~ of living, sear ch, in his Pltmni11g and Control of The difficulty of persuading public authorl and win a greater control over their Public Works, prepared' for the Com tin to hold buck needed p~ bll c projects to economic lives. It is these men and mittee on Recent Economic Changes meet a futu re eventuality of gene ral unem women who really make up the labor ot ployment would It ill further dllCruu, nlMlded the President's Conference on Unem movement. They are the union3. They facilltiea lor lhe public welfare. may be often inarticulate, but they exist ployment presents the first comprehen The" Ilmltntlon. are emphl1Sl~d merely sive analysis of the problem. no less, and their thousnnds of acts of to call attention to the exaggerated expoe daily sacrifice are what makes the move tal!ons of rellcf to come from much a pro Thil study reveall the lerioul dinieu ltle$ gram. More sub.tantlal aid In dealing with ment go. T hese, Mr. Adamic and his In the way of curin!: the unemployment crill. unem ployment wi!! have to come {rom other kind, never sec. They see only the by engaging hurriedly in public work •. Rou rcn, probllbly from a general reduction published accounts of labor nft'airs and Emergency construction programl, luch a ~ in the length of tho working day, probably aceellt the words of hostile critics as have been urged during ~he lJrt!Ht!nL \IC1'rc~· &110 from unemployment Inluranee 10 de tho truth about tho labor movement. sion suffer from the delays Incident to the viaed that ite cost will be euffieient Incentive raising of funds, pertcding plans and choos Not long ago charges of extortion in to Industry to learch more diligently for connection with appointments to pUblic ing sites. Or. Wolman diBCovers that while methods of atabllitation. Long range ph", there haa been long and continuous experi nlng of public workl even with theae liml ~~ hf'Jol teaching positions wcre made in ence wi~h emergency appropriations for pub· New York City. The ugly words of talions, II a wiBf~ poliey, oue that has the lie works during periods of depreu ion l, unquallfled endoraement of atudenh of un "bribery", "fixing" and "racketeering" "there il no evidence that II 5uba1P.ntial pro employment. Or. Wolman'. book II al! im - were passed, but no one would say that po rtion of the unemployed werA eVl'r ah 110rlllut eontriLuti un tu tha Iilarlttura on the the public schOols are l'acketeeriug sorbed in the proeUB". The amouat, Ipen t .ubject. establishments simply because a few for such purpo~c~, however, have always been people had degraded their pos itions to too ~ mnl1. The reeent appeal, signed by 90 lelldinll American J,:conomish (Including l uch MENCKEN'S PROTEGEE WR ITES the degree that they wished. to make money. Because of the inflamed public men u Proh. E. R. A. Sellgman, Jemel '1'. LABOR HISTORY Shotwell, Franklin n. Giddings, Paul A. (Conttnuetl from page 1(0) opinion- that is artifiCially inflamed Oouglal, '1'. N. Carver, John R. Commonl) public opinion- aroused aguinst Amer that n fund n ~ IlIrge all $1,000,000,000 be ical associations the young men's ican unions, Mr. AdamiI'. and people like raised by th e government lind expended ror clubs appeared during the early him can raise the charges of racketeer public work. might be more effective In 90's in greater numbers than ever ing with seeming hnpullity. T he trade atimulnting bUBlneu thnn hu baen the ex before, although they had for many unio n is an instrumcnt of production; perience wi~h the small amount. spenl in the past. years been a featUre of life in the it i9 the foe of par~Bitism of any kind. congested tenement districts, where The instant the union becomes a Ihphuard l' lnn to Help there was little opportunity for racketeering organizlltion, it ceases to legitimate pleasure. • • • SOIllC function as a union. T he two arc in In addition to fniling to abaorb mAny or remained r espectable, but a mojor compatible. the unemployed, the ulual method! of carry ity were composed young hood ing on elllergency construction hili rHulled or lums and petty sneak thieves, all of in many projects being ill conceived and ELECTRIC WORK ON DAM TWO executed without previous planning. In Euro whom were potentinl, it not Rctual, pean countries these emergency public gangsters. + •• YEARS DISTANT worh were coupled with poor relief and In _ "All govc frequ ent social affairs, (Con!lnuetl from pllge 178) volved great wllste. When the problem Is which. they called rackets, resort- one of finding work for hundreds of thou ing t o intimidation to compel mer T he Secretary of Labor has sent out Bands of unemployed, "it Is plainly Impos' chants and other busincs9 men to the [()!lowing statement: aibl e {or modern jtovernmenh to expand buy tickets. These methods were "There I, 110 work for mechanics anti their facilities rapidly enough to su pply JObl , generally adopted by the gangsters, direetly or indirectly, fo r u few a8 one_half laboreu lit tho Boulder Dnm project. The of the unemployed much len for all of them." Cor they wer e typical gang practices contract was let todlly, but preliminary The r~ognition of these difficulties haa led and it. became customary for a work will not beg,n for 90 day. . Thou_ to the suggestion thet rcllnnce be placed not gangster who was widely known as umd. 01 appllClltions for work lire now on on emergency construction but on advance a desperado and a killer to organiroe file. More than 1.000 unemployed lin phlnn;nc .. nd .. tI .. liL ..... L.. ro.'~ .. rv .. Uu" ut lUI uMllociutioll oI whicll II.., wa~ t1u:l already on the lfround. 00 not go there only member and then give .as many except on recommendation of the U. S. Employment Service." t Th e llt~rll!ure on tbe aubJ~ct I. rllther rackets in the course of a year as "Clint IIDd dcah entirely with thQ th~oretlclll 118P«1~ I)t the Vl'(lbl~m, wIth the Ileeli anll the traffic would bear." President Broach and Secretary Bug ,lulrllt,>IlUy per 1001\'.r/lDl:e plllOnll11: ralher niazet have kept close to the situation. than .... lIh the IIrAc!!".1 ohatllc1e. or carrr,lng It is difficult to understand how a book the ph.. n Into elTect. The (011011'1111: IIrt clps It re suggeB Uye nf Ih e jl.owln g Inlerfsl In Ihl8 like "Dynamite" with its lack ot docu problem. Publlo IVnrb ,.. ,t! UM,""IO'"''''tNt. mentation, its intensely personal inter The plnnt I, an animal confined in a P" oC<'f:dlnn of Amerk~n Pl<:onomle Auc>cllltlon, llreLation, and its trite citation of wooden clle; and Natur~, lik ... S )' ~o. "'" holtl ~ MRrch, 1030; F. O. IJIcklnllon. "ublWl OI)JUI .... C thouS.l/lndB of "delicate Aricb" im prisoned ir till" ""d 01'c11e(11 V"tm"lou","nl, Annlll. of thp evidence could get published. It could Anle.lell" Academy ot Political IIn.\ Sodnl not be published in any other country evcry oRk. She ie jealous of letting Ul Scleuce. Septemb ... , 19!tO; n . .... lIawt.,,,, Pub know this; and among the higher and more Ifll M~~Jldjl""" " ,,,I II." Dmnll"" /0'"" ,,,~o,., but America where authors hope to co n.plcuou. form. of plant. rav"al. It only E eonoml('ft (I,l)o,\on). Mltreh. lf1 2ii: (lenTlle make money out of the s trong pRssions Il1clcho .... llky. R",ltlc.. FI"olu""Il",, /I"'" Publ'o by such obscure manifestatiol!' lIB the WOO'h. QUArterly .J OU .nll' of .'eonomletl. Ff!l>· or prejudice which have been aroused shrinking of the Sen,ltive PIn nt, the sudden ruary. Hl30: Otto T. Mallery, 'I'lt a Trl>"t1·/If1nf)t against the trade union movement, T he clasp 01 tho Dionell, or .till more .lightly, /'1"n"I"(I Q! ""blle WOrh, 'n "D"8Inelll CYCI" and Unemploymont". book shows the writer', early I. W . W, by the phenomena of tbe cyc1oeis.- Hu~ley . 222 The Journal of Electrical iVorkers and Operators April,1991 RADIO their speechea. In this way it ahould be JOBLESS, P ATIENT, W HILE BUSI possible to preeent the complele radio news. NESS W AITS SPARK «('ol\ll"""d fru", 1)II);"e IfI8) with picture! and lound, in the average (Conllllucd rr om llnlr!" liO I with the reflected light picked up by a bal homo. That thl8 hR! not al yet been done wa rd dumpi ng. 0 11 the other hand, tery of photo-eleetric cells: and thirdly, by il largely due to lllck of Ihowmanship on lhe camera method. whereby the 8ubject. the part ()f the radlovlaion bruadculen. cancellation of the debta is impractical in full light. " virtually phBtographed on to They have the neeeuary technical means u because the creditor C'lUnt.ries will not a photo-eleetr ic cell placed behind a Icns and their dllpo.al. accept any reduct.ions unless interna a acann;ng dlac, In what practically amounh Radiovl.lon prognma really need the tional diaannament is proceeded with. to II camera. Bound accompaniment. Admittedly, the de This leads the unions also to see the tail iI still Inlufficient In the pictures them political difficulties in the situation. Film Service ,\rranged selves to do without the aound accompani They point out the need for equal The film pickup method offers many in ment. It la to be hoped that a serioua at security for all state! in the wo rld tereating pouibilitica, inasmuch aa it cor re tempt will be mnde to have IIccompanying community. . ponda virtually to the phunugraph and sound at leaat for the leading radiovillon Everywhere it is noted that the job presentation. Fortunately, it ;. possible to lIu10 mllt;c plano employed in early brolld less ar e patient, yet there is evidence cutin;. With thla method , it i, ponible fo r add the vi allal preHntntion to the usual 80und broadcast presentation, wlth()ut affect of increased grumbling and discourage I'IIdiovl.ion brOlldCBlting to be on t he air ing the latter in any way. In other words, ment, a n attitude expected to have many h()un a dny, u!Ing interesting Bubject. the present_day lound programs now so pop marked in flu ence u pon comi ng elections at hand. Some of the rndiovi.ion b road ular may continue a. they are, with the all over the world. casten have contracted for n regullir film vi~ual presentntions added In the fo rm of ler vlce from fllm exchanges, not unlike the method of the usual motion picture the.tre. cloleupa ot the lpeakers, a pla~-iet, or other The names of the Periclean Age are high. suitable pictorial trutment, without cbang Then! il a higher one yet-that of Pericles. Thil anuree an inexhaustible auppl, of sub ing tbe value of the aound end. In this jectl, without the worry of having to round StaleBman, orator , phlloaopher. soldier. art up living talent for presentation t br oughout w.y the pictorial feature may be entirely ilt, poet and lover. Pericles was ao gr.. t optional, not Interferlna: with the present that, another Zeus, he "" .. called the Olym the long day. However, it Is essentinl that well-eatablished 101lnd program. radlovlslon broadcasterl preview all film aub· pian. If to him Egeria came, would It not. At any rate, radlovlslon is now ready to II poet $Omewhere asked, be uncivil to depict iects by actuDI radiovlslon, $0 as to see ju.t how thele mml appear when televised, be mike its commerdal dsbut. It is a ques her as leu than he f It would be not only tion of pladng the propel' progrnml on the uncivil but untrue. fo re pr eUlIlting them to the leoken-In. Many nir, srousing t he necenary pobllc Interest, of the film ,ubjech are quite unsuitable fo r Said Themhtoclu, "You see t hat boy of nnd t hen capitnli:!:ing on thnt public interest the present limitations of the radiovision mine? Though but five. he governs the un i art_ by t he ma .. production of receiving equip vene. Yes, for he rules his mother, his ment, br ina'in, pricn down to within reach mo ther rules me, I r ule Atheu .nd Athena The flyi ng apot method of pickup pres~nta of the average family. It III the old ,tory interesting pou ibilitiea by way of televising the world." After Themlstoclea It W81 Peri of KDKA all over again, and it Ia ou r fond cle.' turn to govern and be tuled. ilia sov_ lpeaken, singera .nd mu.ieiana. The aub hope that hlatory will repeat ihell. j~t in thia c.se Is In a dimly lighted room, ereign wal Alpalla.-Edgar Saitul. the lole illumination being the lingle spot of llght which acana the lubject line by line. Recently, Instead of a rigid mounting of the photo-ceUa In front of the aubj~t , the radiovllion worken ha\'e pla«!d their PRICE LIST OF SUPPLIES photo-ce Us In ,uitable IIdjustable mountings, with (,roper rcflectora, 10 that it is po~sible ,\ pplle.. tlo" Oh."" • • lie. 100 ______'.111 l,ed.er , beet. tor "bo\'e. per 100 ______~.iil. to pick up inter eat ing lights and shadows Arrean, omdul No tl ~ Or. I/4)r 100_____ .50 Label• . Metal. per 100 ______1.111 A e ~., .. nl 0 00". Treu .. rer ·. ______1.00 Label • . Pape• . I..... 100 ______.30 no t unlike those of photographic wo rk, The IJaliot OO:le ...... ,10 ______I.W J", b ~ I' . I.... e ,Iu ro. h o u ~e ,..Irln •• Pt . photo-ce1\, mny be pl/lced lomewhat to thc Oullo"l. 6. O. (m"dlpm) ______1.111 100 ______N .idea at interesting angles, overhead, and l)uU'''II, 8. 0. (In.. I1 )______1M Obllp tlon Card •. •l oubl &. ou dou.. ___ .tli 110 on. so .. to obt.in any degree of illumina ~ .. tton• . •.R •0. ______.105 I' .. pe•. Om e1 ..1 (.etle' . I> ~ r 100______.1S uU...... II. U . 0 •• per pal.______l.llO , '" ,. tion desired lor artistic pre.entat;un of the nutto", ool,,-r...,.,d Dlamo"d Shaped___ !..6Il R " ". s. e:l lra. Me ------subject mailer. The Hying spot Is a very nooll. )1I"ute for R. S. (Inll.11) ______l.GO Ik<:el pt n oo.... Appll.,...l>t. (:JOO ~e' pl .l_ t. ~ O luccellfui method .•nd. in combination with lJooII, )lInll'" ro. R. 8. (I" . ..e} ______1.00 KMelpl Dooll. AI" ,lI c."11 (1 1loO .ec!fJlpl.)_ ,.so lJooll. U"J"______1.$8 RftClpl lJooll. ~f e m be .. (_ .,..,.,Ipl.)_ ::: a microphone and a I~ond transmitting IJooo Il. R.. 1i 0"11- ______1..6Il R.eeelp' 1Joooll. )I ..... be •• (1/10 ~eeel Pta ) __ _ channel, permita of ao-c.l1ed radio talkie•. C".boha.ln ... r""r ... 1~ece ch"h'l'n Ibooll.__lId e______5.00.~ f\.ecleIeelpptll ) lJooll.______MI • .".llaneo u. (_ . ... 1.40 In faet, the r adioviaion presentation ia Cha.le... !JU pUCIl C.. ______1.00 lk<:ctlpC & ok. 111 ..".II"n8<>lI. (1&0 .... greatly enhanced by the inclulion of sound. Compl",e ~ I Oluu- ter O"lftL ______U.OO eei pw) ______4.10 00n. llt01l0n. per 100 ______1.$8 R,..,.,lpl lJook. Ovt. t llne ~ ""Imtnt (.00 Sevel'll ,taUon, are traumitting simultane 81nlle OoplfJI ______! .10 . ecelpt.) ______r .4-!I oua picture. and aound for the complet e E'ool.leal ,," ... ter. Sub • .,.I"Clon ptr yea r r.oo Recelpl 00<>11. O.. e.t1me ...... mont ("10 radio presentation. Y.n"e'''pe.. Onl d al. I""" 100______1.00 rec6l pl.) ______' .10 G... vel_. -eh______JIO n _ h.t Book. II'll1I1nd.1 See.etll.'J"'I ___ .n Colonlll f'ou lbilltin Wllit Led.er. loou ,,,,,r blnde •. ir1 nllo ci lli S...,_ n,..,.,lvt llOOk . ·rreol d.er·. ______.. • Il'''r,.·•. f6 h.b 1I" le:l______6JIO a _ IVI 1101<1 0...... ch______.. The Cllme ra method il still in the experi I.od100 .. e. ______PII"(I to fli ab" "e led.e• • Jl e. 1.110 S_itHeI. ...eeut h oL___Weeki,.___ r__op_or______t CA.d l. I,e. 100___ 1-00.110 mentnl stage. although elsborate cnmeru I.... d .. e •• "Fln.. nt lal S...,.e1 ... ,.· • . ' 00 1"''''''_ 8.00 S.... t ______• ." h.ve been developed during the past few Led ..8, Ft"""ela' !Jee.el • • ,.·•• tOO V ....__ 'JIll S_I (Poellet ) ______, ... montlla. The main advantage of the eamera l.ed .." •• Fln(a£ ..x clralal SecIlea.,.. et • • J"·"mndll 400•• ) pa .. .,._ 1.111 WdlthOldrae ...... ______1 Oar"l. with T ...... Od •.• per ... method of pickup I, that the subjects have L.. ...e r, lool e-lea' ' "!!IO. clo . lad udln, tab, lIi.GO W ... ra.. t !JoolI, ' 0. R. 8.______..6Il greater freedom of action and can wo rk in fully illuminated Itudloa or even outdool'l. FOR E. W. 8 _ A. The camera makea pouible the picking up '\ppllcall .. " HI.llu. per 100 ______.111 Co n. II",U" " ."d b J"- Law •• per 100 __ , ... of aubjecta out In the field. and i. the logi 110011. Mlnulo______1..61l Sl nJ lo Ooplel______.10 c t. . ... e... Du pll ca' III______... Rltunll. eolW ______" cal means of Introducing newa events in the Reln'U.I"",ent UI • ., .... per 100______.l O5 fadiovlsion program. The one drawback Is that present telephone Jines are incapable ot handling the necenar y fllnge of frequen cies for pictorial detail. This i, being over come by employln&" e p()rtable trnnsmitter which places tho r adiovi~ion program di Mf;T AL LABEL rectly on the ai r from the aelunl acene of pickup. Such portable transmittel'll are quite auccHsful and In many instances oper ate .. well .. the more powerful transmit ter back In the crowded city_ It is pGsaible SOTE-The .. lt01'e a.lldu ... 111 be l"I'I,li ed whe" t he .eqllilite an'O"'" o. eal" ,,"omp•• 1 ... the o.de. . Otherwl . e Ih.. o.dtor will eot be r~" III .. td. All ."opilel tell' bJ" u. h. .. e p .. lt.a .... today to pick up Important personalities, In 0. 8I:p ....1 . ha.,N p.ep.. ld. clole-up acenn, at the lAme time that the Tel[Ular lKIund broadea.ten are picking up ADDRESS, G. M. BUGNIAZET, I. S. April, 1991 The Jonrnal of Electrical Worke1's and OperatQr,~ 223 LOCAL UNION OFFICIAL RECEIPTS FROM FEBRUARY 11 W TO MARCH 10, 1931 , W L . U. NtH'"1l1l1l L. U. NU.'''IIn11 I.. U. NtHf8UII L . U. NU)(BERII L . U. Ntmllr:all I. 0. __ ___ 232H 2~Oj\Q 68 _____ 146101 146213 1116 . ____ 22GOn 221112 910083 82232:\ 1 ____ 132781 1I218n 6S_ • • __ 59401 59402 I lI7 _ ____ M9~,3 (;49862 1>3:;092 1 __ ___ 211G4S 68 ____ _ 170022 170145 1:19 _____ 11076f1 110810 2Ml6 211282 1114431 L____ 2821 60 _____ :l~2121 532126 161 I ~O~O )20BI 14700 2:19621 L ____ 6243:1 021110 7O _____ 6,'HIOMI 5:10065 164 _____ 42001 42noo 839/U """"1611198 L ___ _9$816 1 12_. __ . \l:i1l200 91\8301 104 _____ 10:1011 103488 11911 8 640520 2 _____ 2n1~D l 2Dl0GO 7:1 _ ____ 0~1070 047611 164 __ ___ 8701 !l7113 02421:; 70 ___ __ 24R02 24303 11117000 :i Clu. A·J, 1·4110 1 6.~ ___ . _01H03O 6-";4085 2 6.'1200 33129 II " .. 4201-4l1f\~ 711 _____ 103f1n9 1 03,~ 107 _____ 0211~10 62111118 IIl0~00 420325 II HOI 1111 il_____ 2 1 ~ 2l11 2128~:"i lnD _____ 073860 0111809 12:1200 9:1~50 a A·2·TI, 1·:1 77 _____ 2~04 1 24G~7 1111 _____ 23183 231711 2113 ~, !!0 180772 II A·8.II, 140 17 ••___ 116018 177000 174 ____ 11200 hI 620063 6811111 S A~ · II , I 10011 19 _____ 302r,.11 3{1~::;1I0 114 ____ 18.";111 111111112 3 12011201 80 _ •• _1I7ot\()3 870!130 lTlL ___ 868011 868600 322(1;; 084100 II n.lI, 1·1 8'-__ __ 11100:\ 1 lS0112 1711 _____ 13501 18:102 8:14.')111 100:11111 II II J , I 110 81._. 10MI 10501 116. ____ 33:1069 831107:1 410720 61 40!!1 8 C·J, 1·IM 82_ _ ___ 2OO~01 200501 1711 __ • 11 1301 262921 II c·J. 201.212 88 _.__ 21)1:11 201l}6 117 ___ 105110 1058:1 2204::;2 3 C·H. 1·16 fl3 ._ ••• 1993.iO 199:;00 177 _____ 150SS ,,,.., 101668 "IO'"28229.,,' 3 O·A, 1,194 83 ____ . 224251 224555 177 __ __ _ 0311 M209(l 84 _____ 1260411 127101 178. __ __ 180011 .... 3 X·G. 1·1200 181110 942:100 6826011 S X·C, 1401,1<143 86 780:; 782:, 180_ __ ._1(14.')13 1Gn1lH 118123 162313 II 0, I021H800 80___ 16131(3 107:-,8;, 180 ~ ____ 48608 4l!'IHO 039:1-81 OllOn II 0, 1989.21200 86__ 1~1 1 190610 181 _____ 19~.";67 IH62' 96889 tU3097 1I O. 8201-4848 !ll __ 0791111 019192 1111 _____ 201611 201004 .OR07 142:121 II O. UOI ·IU26 90___ 1011392 108481 18. ___ . _ 76801 :li3/} 121st 1\ O. li2OHi222 93._._ 93~O~O 934941 1114. __ __ 444281 444288 9 ~ 8 9 2 0 4 _____ 10001 soon:; 0:t . ___ _G 51\Ml!I ::;,,11:";711 181i _____ 2W101 2201M) .".8031249 16l1l2i1 :1 _ __ __ 180001 186400 100_____ 2(1701 211702 186. ____ 341101:1 34522 18617 BOO!\f)() $-_ ___ 14 1011 141010 100_____ 108120 108130 11I7 _____10:lD!ll 100011 I\.'H2 42600 ft. ___ _208001 2011010 101 ___ 1114415 1174482 IfI!I _____ 432Ul 432423 2111200 6022:11 1 _ ___ _ 112197 112311 102 ___ .. 110645 11071:' lIX'- __ 688ODI 6811100 27010 932110 L ____ 13943 t400~ 102_ _ ._. 810& 81111 100 __ _ 114801 84828 966817 214 no 1I _____ 1i329' 17~·tllI 103 ••.. _126-100 1263:17 191. __ 2:11X12f1 251X140 201233 9 __ ___ 1406'11 1408al) 103 _____ 440011 459tIV 193 _____ 31;\42 871181 '70'''' 10 _ ____ 60li::;71 MM9:; 103. ____ suno 10.____ _ 6 i02DJl9 008678 12 ____ _8008H 8008::;::; 104 _• __ . 174171 174!1.l10 194 • __ 0:;nll2:1 9:19f11'1O• 21182:; 153000 14 _____ 3000~ 110012 10:1 _. 1119314 18931."; 1940 ____ 2002:;1 2M2l111 27402 1311l\1I3 1:I _____ 803R42 !l638~ 105 _____ 13IUM 136209 104 ____ 2 4910 24015 680701 10 1:12:1 J~ ___ • (19002 17 ___ __ 223051 HlIOiB 19:1. ___13621:1 I13MO~ 1:18819 143714 17 __ ___ GOl211 1Wl140 1011 •.• 147:14 14768 106_____ 9fI(l227 Dft(I2111 120339 111 __ __ 24333 243116 Hlfl ___ 16 7511 18.516 101 _____1\88M2 58368.11 147004 111 ___ __ 14181 1120:; 10'-____ 5505 M" 200 _____ 2l1Hil 2:124.') 14:1931 "''' UL ____ 1381fll 1311607 lOll 1170110 117110 200 ____ • 4MOI 40~ 1 U>927 24971(1 21 __ ___ 63i'i211 O!lii230 IO!I _648180 64870::; 203 ____ .630512 630n77 2:111113 229384 26 _____ 2!171~1 23TO~ 110 _ 98389 03450 204 __231001 231022 11621 26 . ___ _ liOl11 11100 111. __ !50:!3!1 2;\9'243 :lI,4 . ____ 023044 ft2&1l~.o 187e&0 26__ __ _ 10 17 1111 __ S1I120e 837332 2fI11 _____ 17410~ 174113 211 ____ 11122711 1023*,1 114 ___ TllS741\ 1337:12 2fIIL ____ 191421 .... aGTl97 6132:111 200 __ _ __ 200.:-.00 211 _____ 1::;607 lGIlOO 1111 ____ "7205 1167212 200..~31 2011121 27 . __ 86flOf~ IIflDD78 117. ____ 116002 36913 210 ____. 183034 183101 10:12110 700411~ 28 3112S0 362110 110 _____ 700101 70011lll 211 ____ 1821102 n~O!l:; 1126-11 831142 2B ___ 12910:1 1201 16 120_____ 224ftT l 2248'H 11 I __ ~ __ 412111 41SDO 682)1.'14 121 ____ . mH028 4112f1 28_____ 8401 8411 65402l'l 21 L_.~ _ 12801 1230. 114394 1 1I~628 28 _____ 104091 104098 122 _____ 280001 21UOOO 212 ._ • • _ 91706 122 _____ 19MOI 91719 1068.~2 540395 30 _____ G9~8 ft98li2, 196510 212 __ ___ 2(1462 211MI:I 8114689 189113 111 _____ 150:196 160ft09 125 _____ 21)111 211713 212 _____ 9B2:11 9821)t1 2216 :1,' __ __ . HliOT HI711 125 ___ ._225118 2262:11 212 . ____ 1:I7M8 1IilGOO 2126 2118160 2 111 _____ 45191 ""M 114 _____ 600lil 00070 I:.'. _. 113711'11 g;:;7H Ii 4.'12:;6 142 ~03 34 . ___ Hilllll 74111!"i0 120 ___ . 8l121181 &>261D 21!l ___ . 180056 180514 381116 102763 !14 _____ 1D:;001 19(1013 130_____ 120046 12l)27{1 218 __ • __ 1312112 18120:1 8:; ___ _ . 101116 101232 1:11 _•. __ 10202 1921"1:1 214 _____ 3!!1~8 82130 10270 36_____ 21901 21900 Ult __ ._773140 113H19 214 _____ 231001 231004 22359 30 _____ 105011 10(1120 11IL ____ 80014 119018 214 _____ 4Mlt14 176013 36 _____ 44101 11I2. ____ 691780 091188 214 ~ ____ 2"77U .".,.288.. 8819111 III _____ 10II3li5 10:1889 133 _____ 3111280 1I02llfl 2 14 ~ __ _ _ 23101 23120 192:110 311_____ 4381 ..00 184 .. ___ 210001 216751) 114 _ ._. _ 674H~ 0744M :111 . ____ 828981 8211000 13L___ (ll!2!H 69000 2111. ___ 8311138 8113 141 622(151 38 • ___ li2l11t ~2MIIl I:U 69001 On7110 211_. __ _983033 983041 63(11\41 39____ 170209 17041:;2 1M . ____ 49411 49:;00 2 19 ____ . 41111800 4:15800 TO:l80~ 39 _____ 16208 n~ r,1520 Iii i llO 222 __ _ftOOQ42 8608:\;; 902~4l1 40 _____ 30117 1:14 ____ 1:1111102 111615(1 222 • • ___ 1204 30~22 n4 __ ___ 11I1I482 16fl400 40 ____ .13:14(}.4 1811147 22''-____ 27421 27111)1 777722 40 __ • __ 211117 23120 134 __ . _. 219001 219270 224 _____ 1111:118 1781111) IiSD!W5 41 _____ 116121 110lft1 1M _____ 213711 I 214170"""" 22li _ __ __ (l2712:1 62T181l M8438 J 34 _____ 1118211 I 42 __ ___ 62nI12 1120 135 1.".iS410 226 _____ 2112.')21 232M7 23H1 43 _____ t If1\)8fI 1 18817 19L____ IIIDOOI 159590 2:10 ____ . 9~11~'1 n~!lOf1 611MGI 1M _____ 11112111 H _____ 91!1488 913400 231 _ ___ _ 176200 17112~O 19211M 45 __ ___ 12931 lZOnn 134. ____ 1116f1Ol1 1:1,080 232 ____ _ 26t14:13 2M4T4 13291 4e __ • _ _ 21)121 184 _____ 222001 .. 2118 _____ 1111125 2n1AO 2221M- 183!';/) 1808:\9 46 _ __ .97201)1 t3:'i. ____ 8:19H 1 237. _ _ ._ 8826 9721150 138_ ____ 1112241 8.".i9~6.'J 88:1n 46. ____ 9741111 974340 132300 2a"_ _ • __ lIgI3~1 1181373 129011 13«__ _ . _ 2811 10 47 _ ___ _ 11.';1161 0~ 1I7 8 28837 239 ____ 1111111211 1l6373~ ISl _____ 21t170!~ 48 _____ 121741 12211 0 2111716 240 ____ _811771"10 8li77Rf1 IAII8110 48 __ ___ 18961 1 808~ IlIfI _____ 780211 7802~0 2 41 ____ ~ OO(lfi~7 0009!il 77102 4 8 __ . __ 48n 4898 I lID _____ 711f1481 188506 248 _____ 13~1I06 1311f110 029 110 _____ 2011011 140_____ 71103 111M 244 ____ ~ 10~364 704ll(l8 201210 140 ____ lM21 111 __ ••• 923327 92:1370 I M90 2~G _ ~_.IIITlI9 1371110 191822 OUMS 1i1l ___ . _211J.1110 21(;485 14t ____ • 162:12 16217 247. ____ 00HI)I 6044l\2 '" 29868-4 241'1 _____ 29110 114 _____ 0ISlfI2 1118108 143_._._S01363 301390 21)12(1 1113131" 12 ~287 2~20S ... 1\1\ _ ___ _ M24I\t 802 Hl!l In _____ 22282 240 _ ____ lIa~2411 634249 1897110 1111232 111 _____ 172683 172701 141! ~ ____ 230201 2S0311n 2r;1 _ ____ 6040{\~ 6940(ll) 20.m)7 59 _____ 147341 1414115 1411 _____ 32108 2GL ____ 140510 140M? 80901 &0 _____ 229511 229010 140_____ 98871111 98876(1 21i4 _____ 0111182 16M20 flO _. _ __ !!15l!OI 21~2!m t111. __ IOUI7I\ HltS22 2~':; . ___ . 116-~.'I!i 5601111"" 638:1111 6601112 1'12 _____ 663009 152_. _. _i'i 7!1411A 1)76481"1 !!~Il • __ 300r.91 3(11)7111.. 004008 ~II I H 3~88! 0:"; __ __ _ 109001 200120 Ir,~ ~_ . _ D3t480 931499 2~1 . ____ 200220 2602:1f1 17263~ 1011000 66 _____ 284011 2:N300 1:'i~ _____ 84182n fl4IS~l 2nll _____ IIIISI1I2 688181 101\977 I n14811 011 _____ 9411 11 341114 lI'ilL ___ _2fl0741 2997:iro 2110 ____ la061~ 1110661 1110730 17414 117. ____ ~OOHI 110011 1110 • • _ 3117~ 1 8::;183 2110 _____ 11440 2040!il 224 The Journal 0/ Electrical Workers and Operators April,1991 L. U. NlIlU11:&1 ".0. NOIIIIIIlU I•. U. Nn.llR"'U L. U , NlI.IIII.U 1.. U. NlIlIl." lJOO __ ___ 42301 .2.~05 6 t8 ~ . __ _ 22882 22888 774 _____ 199~43 799:177 1101 _____ 841(193 841(198 663·6117, 688. 708. 600 _____ 2624rn 2112::;00 610 _____ 078304 678404 784 _____ 82760 32806 1108 _____ 22881 2280(1 40-28119. 30281:1. ~2 _____ 67.11~~ 6T48~2 623 _____ 00121 00136 781 _____ 916216 0111228 111 ~ _____ 1870 1404 43_ 11111711.2111. 6OT _____ 60s04~ 66SO.7 623___ __ 28808 281108 794.____ 103(159 193616 1131 ____ _ 88~02 88412 (I29 _____ 210018 210(71) 46-072215. 228. M8 _____ 9:lHIIl~ 93.614 794 _____ 148801 1.8883 1131J _____ 6 1.147 01.1(13 48-121829. 81111. HI, GOO _____ 1 ~660 156~ 6-'I1 ____ 3a 1271 834289 798 _____ 95.520 9:14537 1141 _____ 2OtI0 20422 GOO ____ 188002 188018 11.11-. __ . 94<4001 9401920 802 _____ 614782 .74SOI 965. 977. 122001. 1141 _____ 483 GI8 MO _____ TOHSA 7Otl1)1 032 ____ . 8783:11 678370 SOSI _____ 1l44:145 6H(l1l2 11.1 _____ 21910. .... IIH _____ 201/)$1 207620 6311 ____ 1231111 121U8! 1111. ___ Sfl.8Os:I 968OD1 68-199909. 021.200103. G1G _____ 63H'lT 63140. G40_____ aalil! 8860! 817 ____ 127827 127&31 11'. _____ 82:8217 lI2US3 110. 120. GI8 _____ 1~14~ 14163 640_____ 111304 S8SOG 81·'- ____ 1411981 147000 11116 _____ 181:182 111801 79- 802529. 1I~9 _____ 23710 2:l7S~ 642 ____ . '41010 .41904 817 _____2347GI 2349(11 82_ 200433. 622 _____ 904:;71 004608 O.. 8 _____ 82~18 820(118 818 _____ 7301S 7GOI4 l U 8S1N O 8S- 10!HOI. 224207. G23 _____ 333~~ 33:1.7 6411 ____ . 140703 149701 819 _____ 6611761 ~671 8 84 __ 120972. ~2::; _____ 1I79~71 117951111 flI8 _____ 1 072~U 1071122 820_____ 1IO.f!!9 50436 • 11-118218·215. 21S-S11l. 103 126300•• ~I80. 1118. 11:.'6 _____ 002372 ~23 8 1 (1..49 _____ 217017 2170:10 1131:1 _____ 80111 80127 GO-2211501-lHO. 206. 211. 411118:1. 11:.'0 _____ 110101 6~1 _____ 711216 711 218 S38 _____ 6aI078 081007 06--284061-070. 84810.. 100- 848791. 1;:.'7 _____ 21302 201~21 8~0 11I6-1292l16. 268. Z71193 I)l'iS _____ 2614S3 _____ 66.771 61\4782 12:1-22.'1908. :l21 ___ ~_ 28810 6.~. ___ _ _ 2420 2<437 842 _____ 6241186 02488~ 171-680806310 . 28822 I R6-1292111. 221). /'i29 _____ 98817(1 miIL ____ U:!311 182.7 ~ 40 _____ n2~48S 623404 1114--'14i280. 11I!1I18.1 136-2882:1. 11l2:112. 1I.~2 _____ 221011 221080 l1~q _____ 30~01 80314 8~n _____ 746141 7.61!!0 214--l17444D. 1i:l2~ ____ 4380G 658 __ __ _ IDSI)IH 193961 8~4 _____ 2~9 11 204040 247-ft0064!0. 1{l.t-l032H. SUII II:U _____ 96.'S8. Ofl.'J:I'IT 600 __ __ _ 201M 20189 85:1_____ S093 4008 284-.42269·270. 177_11\06. MIL ____ Il29O.fI G21l9~!1 660__ ___ 8.81 8.84 857 _____ ~1If1SO 683095 292-SSOGSI·$3(). ,Il0--<88096. G37 _____ 1689:.'7 1689-1 2 ~61 ___ _205840 20~ 858 _____ 130504 1391129 2O&---GaO.f-6300. 6308. 104-.:lD~97. 5$11 _ ___ 28420. 664 _____ 687&68 067692 862 _____ 11756 11'11<4 6310-6111. 21.-6144~9 . 1538 ____ 94f\2iJ 9~1W!I ~~ _____ ~~820 ~5828 SO" _____ TII214~ 7021 11 ~ :121-700838. 2:17-8837-8888. IIMI _____ OOIl()fl(l nOSQOi 06:5. ____ 21443 21490 1I6L ___ 046700 0408811 340- 120470. 624644. 2119- 180623. MO _____ 6104 filM 065 ___ 144036 1440H 11114 _____ 18:101 151104 CH6..(160. 278-322:12. (14. _____ 19:\11(19 10!;917 flr.:L ____ :llirln14 liMns 809 _____ 5.6848 5411~~5 G!I._ 96611 ·96e15. 2OO_ (l72~. 114/1 _____ 2G8l1.' 25'199 661'-____ '01\0.0 100023 870 ____ .292:137 202!1Rl 660--8H9·8.80. 29'1-23I1SS. 231192 1141 _____ MMI72 or.!J8 ECONOMIC PLANNING REACHES be ln the dt1 of Washington, wherl It. (1In The mlln who hat not anything to bollit .of but hil lIIultrioul ancelton Is like • pOtlto LEGISLATIVE STAGE er.1 aeSiionl .han be held, but whenenr the con.enlenee of the public or of tbe partlu -the onl,. cood belonglnr to. him II under rround.-Slr ThOblAl OnrbDry. (Coollooed from paae 188) may be promoted, or del.,. or e: LOCAL UNIONS IN PRINC,IPAT. CiTIFS OF THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA ARE Now KEEPING STATISTICAL RECORDS IN CO OPERATION WITH TilE INTERNATIONAL OFFICE. • • • THEY B ELIEVE THAT IT IS AS NECFSSARY TO KNOW FACTS ABOUT TilE I NDUSTRY AND TO KEEP INDUSTRIAL RECORDS AS IT IS TO KEEP FINANCIAL RECORDS, AND TO AUDIT ACCOUNTS. • • • RFSEARCH Is A NEW SORT OF TOOL. It is another way of advancing the objective of the union. Key cities have adopted the research plan of the Brotherhuud. • • • RFSEARCH DEMANDS EFFECTIVE TOOLS. The week ly research cards, and the research ledgers prepared by the l. O. are tools in the aid of research. • • • LIFETIME LOOSE-LEAF FULL LEATIIER R ESEARCH BINDERS WITH TABS ARE PRI<'F[) AT $ 15. Research ledger sheets are priced at $2.50 a hundred. One sheet serves a member a yea r. Research weekly report cards Jre 50 cents a hundred. * • • RrSFARCl1. LIKE A GOOD E GINE. GAINS SMooTII ESS AND POWER WITH USE. Statistics gathered acc urately and preserved carefully over periods of time will serve the union powerfully, The union ca nnot ignore this new lool of organization work. * * * G. M. BUGNIAZET, Secretary International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers 1200 15th St., N. W. Washington, D. C. HERE have been many thousands of preachments telling workmen that it is their duty to be loyal T to the company they work for. But a man can seldom be furnished actuating motives by telling him he ought to be actuated by tbem: any favorable response which may follow a preachment is most likely to be the result of motivations running back long before d1C preachment itself. The only way worth practical con sideration is to attempt so to rclate the environment to the man that dlC fullest possible range of desirable motives will operate within him. It is always possible that by preachments. forces ac[Ually the opposite of those desired may be set up as defense reactions. Loyalty is likely to be lost rather [h,!:-. gained by demanding or even by asking for it. HENRY DENNISON. l