New Dwelling on Sloping Terrain

ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

MAY 2020

Prepared for: Peter & Vaiora Rosser Submission to the Cook Islands National Environment Services

Report prepared by: Paul Teariki Maoate

REF No. E1929.3 Environment Impact Assessment – New Dwelling on Sloping Terrain

Table of Contents

Appendices ...... 4 Glossary of Terms Executive Summary ...... 4 Executive Summary ...... 5 The Proposal ...... 5 Alternatives Considered ...... 6 Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures ...... 6 Environmental Management Plan ...... 7 Summary ...... 7 1. Introduction ...... 8 1.1. Proposal proponent ...... 8 1.2. Proposal description ...... 8 1.3. Proposal objectives and scope ...... 9 1.4. Environmental Impact Assessment process ...... 9 1.5. Public Consultation ...... 10 2. Proposal Description and Justification ...... 11 2.1. Proposal justification ...... 11 2.2. Location of the site ...... 11 2.3. Staging ‐ Description of the proposed activities ...... 12 2.4. Implementation Schedule ...... 14 2.5. Project Cost Estimates...... 14 2.6. Emergency management ...... 15 2.7. Infrastructure Requirement ...... 16 2.8. Waste Management ...... 16 2.9. Project Benefits ...... 17 2.10. Cost Benefit Analysis ...... 17 3. Environmental Values and Management of Impacts ...... 19 3.1. Land ...... 19 3.2. Climate ...... 21 3.3. Water Resource & Quality ...... 21 3.4. Air ...... 21 3.5. Waste ...... 22 3.6. Noise and Vibration ...... 22 3.7. Nature Conservation ...... 23 3.8. Cultural Heritage ...... 24 Ref: E1929.3 MAY 2020 Page | 2 Environment Impact Assessment – New Dwelling on Sloping Terrain

3.9. Social ...... 24 3.10. Health and Safety ...... 25 3.11. Economy ...... 25 3.12. Hazards and Risk ...... 25 3.13. Erosion Control ...... 27 4. Environmental Management Plan ...... 27 4.1. Purpose of this Plan ...... 27 4.2. Environmental objective ...... 27 4.3. Environmental policies ...... 27 5. Conclusion ...... 32 6. Reference ...... 33

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Appendices A – NES EIA Terms of Reference

B – Study Team

C – Site Plan and Cross Section

D – Building House Plans and Designs

Glossary of Terms Executive Summary CEMP Construction Environmental Management Plan

EIA Environmental Impact Assessment

EMP Environmental Management Plan

NES National Environment Service

REA Rarotonga Environment Authority

TOR Terms of Reference

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Executive Summary This Environmental Impact Assessment has been prepared for Peter and Vaiora Rosser (Landowner), Vairoa maiden name is Tuara. The subject property is legally described as Vaiorea Pt Sec 191L, Kiikii Tapere, Avarua District; it is irregular in shape and covers a total area of 2,155m2. The property is located along the inland Kiikii and Tupapa valley hillside; the property is access along Don McKenzie Road and Tupapa Heights Road, both leads from the Ara Metua Road.

This proposal is funded by Peter and Vaiora Rosser, detailed designs, proposal management and construction supervision will be undertaken by competent and experienced contractor.

The Proposal New Residential Dwelling on a Level Platform The aim of this proposal is to develop the sloping property with a new residential dwelling, earthworks will be required to form a levelled building platform to facilitate the new dwelling; an access road was recently formed and vegetation clearing approved by the National Environment Services was completed in August 2019.

House plans and structural designs prepared by Imagine Kit Homes and Mitchell Engineering Services Ltd were made available for reference, these are appended to this report. The main building footprint dimension is 13.0m by 27.0m, there is a carport on the uphill side of the main house, with dimensions of 6.0m by 9.0m. A pool is located on the downhill side; the pool dimension is 4.0m by 8.0m. The structure of the new dwelling comprises steel framing and cladding for the main building, the dwelling is supported on a rib‐raft foundation, suspended concrete slab, strip footing and reinforced concrete piles.

The Imagine Kit Home arrived to Rarotonga on November 2018, it is in a 40‐foot container and is temporary stored on an Avatiu property.

Due to the steep terrain and the inability to make layout changes to the new kit set dwelling, a cut to fill earthworks methodology has been adopted to provide for a level building platform. The new dwelling will therefore be constructed on both the cut and fill areas.

Earthworks will comprise excavation along the upper south‐eastern hill slope area and filling along the north‐western downslope area, to form a single level building platform. The levelled platform will occupy a 1,100m2 area, approximately 1,400m3 will be excavated along the upper slope and placed along the lower slope, and this will result in a cut batter slope of 70° with a slope length of 5.6m and a vertical height of 5.3m. Cut benches will be excavated prior to fill placement to enable the fill to key into the existing slope. All filling will be compacted in layers not exceeding 200mm thickness by suitable compaction machinery. All exposed areas are to be covered by appropriate materials; coconut fiber mats, tree stump mulch and geo‐fabric sheets.

The levelled platform will also provide a suitable area to construct a sheltered home garden, this will be very challenging construction on the current steep slope.

Erosion and Sediment Control Ref: E1929.3 MAY 2020 Page | 5 Environment Impact Assessment – New Dwelling on Sloping Terrain

Erosion and Sediment Control measures will be implemented as part of the earthworks and building construction phase. The project aims to utilize low cost measures in reducing storm‐ water runoff from the property; ensuring that all rainwater along the roof cover is collected and stored in a water tank reservoir and driveway surface drains are diverted to raingardens and grass verge.

Alternatives Considered Unavailable Land Peter and Vaiora have acquired the property through family land allocation, this is the only land granted by the family for the purpose of supporting Peter and Vaiora in building their home. As the availability of land along easily accessible flat areas become scarce, developments along the inland interior ‘hilly terrain’ remains the best option.

Kit Set Building Limitation Peter and Vaiora are returning Cook Islanders, both are in their 60s and have worked mostly in Australia, they have managed to save money and were able to purchase the 3 bedroom Imagine Home kit‐set building which arrived to Rarotonga in November 2018. The kit‐set building is designed to be built on a levelled surface, changes to the kit‐set building is not advisable as this would impact the integrity of the structure and void building insurance. The orientation of the new building requires the carport to be on the upslope side of the property and the pool to be on the lower slope area. The cut to fill earthworks methodology was identified as the feasible option in ensuring that the project is within Peter and Vaiora construction budget.

Retaining Wall A retaining wall to be constructed along the cut and fill slopes, as appropriate for the approved earthwork methodology and building foundation construction (rib‐raft or piles foundation).

Supported on Piles To reduce the extent of earthworks, the building is to be supported on Piles. Excavation along the upper slope area will still be required to provide a level platform for the carport and driveway for safe slope usage. The earthworks volume will be reduced from 1,400m3 to 740m3. The excavation will result in a cut batter slope of 70°with a slope length of 3.9m and a vertical height of 3.8741m. The excavated material will then be required to be carted off site. It is anticipated that the maximum pile height (vertical) of 4.5m will be required to support the new dwelling. The piles will be required to embed a minimum of 1.5m into the natural ground, therefore 6.0m length piles are required. Specific foundation designs will also be required for the pool in this area.

Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures In the event the proposal is not approved, the landowner will be at a disadvantage, they have already committed to the purchase of a kit‐set building which has landed on Rarotonga, and following the National Environment Services approval they have formed a new 300m access road to the property and have cleared 2,000m2 of vegetation. It is anticipated that if the landowner were to seek an alternative property, it is mostly likely that a similar property will be acquired.

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The new residential building comprises steel frame structure supported on a rib‐raft foundation, potential impacts such as cyclone events and ground instability is considered minimal.

Earthworks in the form of cut to fill will result in significant areas of exposed ground due to excavation and filling, there is a high risk of erosion and storm water runoff during this period. It is prudent that Erosion and Sediment Control measures are implemented and monitored to minimize the impacts.

Appropriate methods, as outlined in this report will be adhered to, ensuring that all impacts to the environment and community are minimized.

Environmental Management Plan An outline Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been prepared and appended to this report, to provide for the protection of the environment and the community, during the development of the property and the new residential dwelling. The Contractor will prepare a detailed Construction Environment Management Plan, once approval is granted; the detailed Construction EMP will be used by both the Contractor and the National Environment Services as a guide to monitor the proposal.

Summary The landowners have acquired this property with the purpose of developing a new residential dwelling. This is the only property available for the landowner.

The Imagine Homes kit‐set building is on Rarotonga and building layout cannot be altered, given the building limitation and sloping terrain, a cut to fill earthworks methodology is the realistic option.

The proposal therefore looks at developing the property with a new home, storing and utilizing rainwater for water supply and home garden purpose.

The objectives of this EIA are to:  Make sure that possible adverse environmental, social and economic impacts are identified and avoided, remedied or mitigated; and  Inform the public about the proposal.

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1. Introduction This Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report has been prepared to assess the impact of development along the Kiikii hill slope and providing methods in minimizing risks. This report will identify potential impacts and provide justification for undertaking the proposed proposal components, Alternatives considered would also include measures to mitigate any negative impacts on the environment.

The major findings of this report are based on qualitative and quantitative assessments undertaken during August 2019 to February 2020 site visits. Long term site specific baseline data was lacking and therefore the impact assessment methodology has been restricted to field data collected, consultation, experience and professional judgment. This EIA has been produced in accordance with the Environmental Act 2003.

1.1. Proposal proponent Peter and Vaiora Rosser is the landowner and proponent for the Kiikii property. The property is legally described as Vaiorea Pt Sec 191L, Lot 41, Kiikii Tapere, Avarua District; the property is irregular in shape and covers a total area of 2,155m2.

Peter and Vaiora Rosser currently reside with Matarii Buckley (Vaiora’s sister) in Avatiu. Contact Details:  Phone: +682 50050  Email: [email protected]

1.2. Proposal description The proposal is to develop the sloping property with a new residential dwelling, earthworks will be required to form a levelled building platform to facilitate the new dwelling; an access road was recently formed and vegetation clearing was completed in August 2019.

House plans and structural designs prepared by Imagine Kit Homes and Mitchell Engineering Services Ltd were made available for reference. The new dwelling comprises a single storey 3‐ bedroom house consisting of a steel framing and cladding.

Due to the steep sloping terrain and limitations to the kit‐set building design, a cut to fill earthworks methodology has been adopted, the upper slope area will be excavated and filled along the lower slope area to form a levelled building platform. Both the cut and fill area will be temporary stabilized.

Erosion and Sediment Control measures will be implemented and monitored as part of the earthworks and building construction phase, to minimize impacts to the environment and the community.

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1.3. Proposal objectives and scope The main objective is to develop the land for the construction of a residential dwelling for the landowners Peter and Vaiora Rosser.

Earthworks in the form of cut to fill will be undertaken to form a levelled building platform, the new dwelling will be constructed on the levelled area.

The kit‐set building and rib raft foundation is considered suitable for the location, terrain and natural elements such as cyclones.

Retaining walls will be required in areas deem vulnerable to slope instability, these will be assessed during earthworks cut and fill activities. Retaining wall options have been provided and appended to this report.

The new dwelling is to be self‐sufficient by storing and utilizing rainwater, as the property is located further into the hills and unable to connect to the Rarotonga water supply reticulation. The landowners also plan to build a home garden using the stored water to grow their own vegetables.

1.4. Environmental Impact Assessment process

1.4.1. Methodology if the EIA The EIA process is an important planning and implementation process for any proposal that has the potential to significantly affect the environment.

The stages as they relate to this proposal are described below.

1) Application stage

This stage involves the preparation of a Terms of Reference (TOR) for the EIA by the NES and the preparation and lodgment of the EIA report by the applicant with the NES.

The NES then assessed the proposal under Section 36 of the Environment Act 2003 and determined that it could potentially have significant environment effects and therefore an EIA would be required.

A TOR was prepared by the NES and this was used as a guide for preparing this EIA report for lodgment with the NES.

2) Public notification stage

Section 36(5) of the Environment Act 2003 requires the EIA report to be publicly notified so that interested or affected persons have the opportunity to provide feedback on the proposal. This formal public consultation period is for a 30 day period from the date the NES notifies the EIA report.

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As public submissions are received, the NES will provide the applicant with the relevant matters raised, which are to be addressed and comments provided back to the NES.

3) Approval stage

Once the matters raised during the consultation period have been addressed by the applicant, the NES provides a recommendation on the proposal to the Rarotonga Environment Authority (REA) for their consideration and eventual decision. There are three possible outcomes:

1) The application is approved. The NES provides the applicant with an EIA Approval with conditions;

2) The application is deferred until the applicant has satisfactorily addressed issues raised by the REA; or

3) The application is declined.

1.4.2. Objectives of the EIA The objectives of this EIA are to:

 Ensure that possible adverse environmental, social and economic impacts are identified and avoided, minimized or mitigated; and  Inform the public about the proposal and receive feedback.

1.4.3. Submissions All submission is to be sent to NES, within the formal public consultation period of 30 days. As public submissions are received, the NES will provide the applicant with the relevant matters raised, which are to be addressed and comments provided back to the NES.

1.5. Public Consultation Peter and Vaiora have consulted with the neighboring property owners with regards to the proposed development. No public consultation was undertaken during the development of this EIA report, it is envisioned that during the 30 day notification period any issues raised by the public will be addressed accordingly.

1.5.1. Relevant Legislation and Policy Requirement This EIA is a proposal permit application submitted in accordance with Section 36 of the Environment Act 2003. Initial discussions with the NES determined that this approval would be necessary due to the potential for the proposal to cause significant environmental impacts.

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1.5.2. Planning Process and Standards At present there are no existing land uses or long term policy framework for the area, there are no village, district or vaka plans.

In accordance with the Cook Island Environment Act 2003; a Environment Significance Declaration (ESD) form along with a Engineering Report was provided to the National Environment Services on October 2019, an addendum Engineering Report was provided in December 2019, the outcome from the Rarotonga Environment Authority (REA) meeting called for a Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Report for the proposed development, the EIA term of reference was then made available.

The new residential dwelling will adhere to the current Cook Islands National Building Code and the Building Control and Act; areas requiring specific engineering design such as the deepen piles, will abide by New Zealand and Australian building code standards, in this case a Structural Engineer will design the foundations accordingly. It is envisioned that all necessary standards will be utilize to ensure the new buildings are safely constructed, design accordingly to the site and conditions.

The Public Health (Sewage) Regulation 2008 indicates that the Kiikii property falls outside the ‘Lagoon Protection Zone’ (LPZ), the new dwelling will be connected to an approved primary on‐site treatment and appropriate disposal. The waste water system will be design by a qualified and registered professional, with installation also by a registered and qualified sanitation installer.

2. Proposal Description and Justification

2.1. Proposal justification Peter and Vaiora have acquired the property with the sole purpose of building their new home, they have already invested a considerable amount of money and time into this proposal. Peter and Vaiora are returning Cook Islanders whom have worked mostly in Australia, they are both in their 60s and would like to retire in Rarotonga, they have already committed with the purchase of a kit‐set building which arrived in November 2018, the access road and property was cleared in August 2019, the remaining work is for the preparation of the land to cater for the new dwelling.

Flat land is scarce, therefore more development are occurring up in the hilly sloping areas.

2.2. Location of the site Reference should be made to the attached plans and drawings.

The property is located about a1 km inland of the Kiikii Ara Metua, it is located within the Kiikii valley, along the hillside, and it is elevated some 30m to 50m about the mean sea level. The subject property is legally described as Vaiorea Pt Sec 191L, Kiikii Tapere, Avarua District; it is irregular in shape and covers a total area of 2,155m2. The property is

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located along the inland Kiikii and Tupapa valley hillside; recent activities have formed an access road directly to the property, the property is access along Don McKenzie Road and Tupapa Heights Road, both leads from the Ara Metua Road.

2.3. Staging ‐ Description of the proposed activities

Stage 1: Site Establishment Start: Week 1 Duration: 1 week Complete: Week 1 Once approval is given, notification in advance (48 hours) will be given to the community, neighboring properties and government authorities prior to any work undertaken. Once everyone has been made aware, and in agreement, then appropriate machinery, equipment and construction material will be mobilized to the site.

The contractor will cordon off the proposal site with appropriate fencing to limit public access into the site, caution and notice signs will be erected to promote site safety awareness.

Heavy plant movement into and out of the property will be at appropriate times, late mornings 9am to 11am and afternoons 1pm to 3pm, to minimize disruptions to traffic in Kiikii and Tupapa area.

Stage 2: Erosion and Sediment Control Start: Week 1 Duration: 23 weeks Complete: Week 23 Drainage path (spoon drains) will be formed to divert surface water away from the work area via interceptor drains, all formed drains will be directed towards a shallow detention sediment pond, to allow sediments to settle prior to discharge to the nearest roadside drain.

Silt fences will be erected along the downslope edge of the fill and cut batter in parallel to the newly formed spoon drains.

Appropriate materials such as coconut fibre mats, tree stump mulch and geo fabric will be used to cover exposed soil areas. Vertiva grass and low growing shrubs will be encouraging along completed earthwork areas.

Existing vegetation shrubs along the lower area will be maintained to act as a vegetation buffer, allowing runoff to flow along this area before the spoon drain and sediment pond.

All erosion and sediment control measures will be inspected and monitored daily by the contractor.

Stage 3: Earthworks Start: Week 2 Duration: 4 weeks Complete: Week 5 Ref: E1929.3 MAY 2020 Page | 12 Environment Impact Assessment – New Dwelling on Sloping Terrain

Prior to the commencement of the works, a Land Surveyor will identify and peg out the extent of the earthworks, confirm the formation levels for the level platform, the cut batter slope, the fill batter slope and the position of the new building. All formation levels and earthworks activities are to be located according to the final earthworks and building construction plan.

All vegetation, regrown shrubs are to be cleared away from the earthworks area.

Fill anchor benches (Steps) of 2m to 4m wide will be cut along the slope of the fill area, prior to any placement of fill materials, the cut benches will enable the new fill to key into the existing slope. All fill is to be free of organics, placed in layers not exceeding 200mm thickness and compacted by suitable compaction machinery, such as a sheep’s foot roller.

The cut batter slope is to be excavated at a gradient of 70°, anticipated maximum vertical height of 5m at the center and reducing in height towards the north‐east and south‐west ends. The cut faces following excavation works will be temporary covered using heavy PVC sheeting, which is battened and anchored in place to protect the exposed soils from the elements.

The building platform will be formed via excavation, filling and compaction. At the end of each day, both the fill and cut area will be tracked rolled to provide an impervious surface to limit water soakage. The soft saturated soils will be graded off and new fill added at the start of each day. The contractor will ensure that the platform is filled to the designed formation level, using appropriate equipment such as dumpy level or lazer level.

Shallow spoon drains will be formed to divert surface water run‐off away from the general earthworks area (Erosion and Sediment Control).

Soil testing will be carried out throughout the earthworks phase to ensure that suitable foundation strengths are met.

A 2‐week period has been allocated at the end of the earthworks phase to address any issues and undertake remedial works.

Stage 4: New Residential Dwelling Construction Start: Week 8 Duration: 16 weeks Complete: Week 23 Construction materials will be mobilized to the property following the completion of the earthworks.

The new dwelling building profile will be marked out within the level building platform area. The foundation will be constructed of bored reinforced concrete piles, strip footing and rib‐raft concrete floor. The main building steel framing will follow the foundation works. Both the carport and pool will be constructed in parallel to the main building.

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A 160k liter water tank reservoir will be constructed at the lower north‐eastern end of the property to capture rainwater.

Stage 5: Construction Completion Start: Week 24 Duration: 1 week Complete: Week 24 Following the completion of the new dwelling construction, all machinery, equipment and materials will be removed from the property.

Erosion & sediment control measures such as the silt fence will be removed, the sediment pond will remain as part of the drainage system.

Landscaping activities will also be completed at this stage.

2.4. Implementation Schedule Activity Duration (in weeks) 1. Site Establishment 2. Erosion & Sediment Control 3. Earthworks 4. New Dwelling Construction 5. Completion

The project is anticipated to be completed in 24 weeks (6 months), preference to commence in May and completed by October 2020, outside of the typical cyclone period.

2.5. Project Cost Estimates Proposal on Alternative on Rib‐Raft Pile Foundation Foundation Activity Cost Cost 1. Site Establishment 1,500.00 1,500.00

2. Erosion & Sediment Controls 5,000.00 5,000.00

3. Earthworks 40,000.00 20,000.00

4. New Dwelling Construction 80,000.00 260,000.00

5. Construction Completion 8,000.00 5,000.00

Total 134,500.00 291,500.00

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The project cost estimates are based on the following:

 Materials that are not available locally will need to be sourced from overseas, taking into consideration the present health pandemic (Covid 19), we would expect elevated cost and freight delays. Erosion and Sediment Control measures such as silt fence and associated fixtures are not available locally.  The new dwelling kit‐set home has not been included in the project cost as this was procured in 2018. The 3 bedroom Imagine kit‐set home cost approximately $60,000.00 landed on Rarotonga.  Site establishment and Erosion Control measures are similar activities for both the proposed and alternative.  Earthworks cost is more for the proposed Rib‐Raft type foundation compared to the Pile foundation.  The Rib‐Raft foundation construction cost is relatively less compared to the Pile foundation, this is due to the amount of piles and bracing required to stabilize the elevated building platform, requiring pile lengths in excess of 7m (higher than the average power pole).

2.6. Emergency management

In the event a natural disaster warning has been issued, where possible, the contractor will remove off‐site all machinery, equipment and construction material. If removal off‐site is not achievable, then the contractor is to make secure all loose materials and equipment. Work will recommence once the respective authorities; Police and Emergency Management Cook Islands (EMCI) has issued the all clear stand‐down notification.

The proposal will incorporate ‘site safety’ procedures. First Aid will be made available to all personal on site, the contractors will be trained on its proper use, the first aid will be placed in a location easily accessible by all.

The contractor will maintain communication with all those in close proximity to the construction site, with regards to temporary road closure, the contractor will give ample notification outlining when the road will be temporary closed and for how long. The contractor is to ensure the access road is open at all times. A Traffic Management Plan will be provided to the appropriate authorities in advance of a road closure.

The contractor will engage relevant service utilities (power, water and phone) to locate and identify their service lines within or nearby the property. The relevant utility representatives are to be on‐site where earthworks are undertaken in close proximity to their respective services.

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2.7. Infrastructure Requirement All major activities will take place within the proponent property and adjacent access road, in consideration to being the only property at this location, impact to the infrastructure will be minimal.

There are currently no service utilities (power line, telecommunication and water pipeline) along the new formed access road.

2.7.1. Transport Earth moving machinery and construction materials will be carted onsite via the Kiikii Ara Metua.

Cartage of materials and movement of heavy machinery will be carried out during the off‐ peak traffic hours, as not to disrupt traffic in the Kiikii area.

Heavy machinery will likely comprise; 10 ton trucks, front end loader, roller compactor and 20 ton excavator.

2.7.2. Storm Water Drainage

To minimize sediment run‐off during the construction phase, the proposal will adopt erosion and sediment control measures; ideally the construction phase be undertaken outside of the cyclone and typical wet season period

Formed drainage path will align to the erosion and sediment control measures contained in this report. All drains to be diverted to the sediment pond prior to discharge to the existing road‐side drain.

Reference to the New Zealand Soil Survey Report 49, titled ‘1980 Soils of Rarotonga, Cook Islands’ prepared by D.M. Leslie, indicates that soil characteristics for the property comprises; clays and silts of volcanic deposits.

All heavy plant machinery to be checked on a regular basis to ensure no oils or fuel is leaking within the construction site.

2.8. Waste Management

2.8.1. Character and Quantities of Waste Materials Vegetation clearing was undertaken in August 2019, all cleared shrubs were stockpiled, dried and burnt on site. Nothing was carted off site.

For the construction of the new residential dwelling, the contractor will have at all time a skip container to collect all waste materials, the skips will then be taken to the Arorangi Waste Management facility for disposal. No landfill to take place on the property.

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2.8.2. Solid Waste Disposal No landfill/disposal is to take place on the property, during and following the construction phase. All waste material generated will be collected and taken to the Arorangi Waste Management facility for appropriate disposal.

2.9. Project Benefits The project would benefit Peter and Vaiora with a new residential dwelling, both in their 60s and returning Cook Islanders.

The newly formed 300m long by 6m wide road will provide access to properties within Pt 191J and Pt 191L Kiikii Tapere.

The project will alleviate some of the current economic hardship in providing jobs for local contractors and builders.

The inclusion of a 160,000‐liter rainwater tank reservoir to supply water for the new dwelling will promote water conservation and reduce the necessity in connecting to the existing Rarotonga water supply network.

The home garden will support food security in utilizing available land to grow vegetables and herbs. Reducing the dependency on imported foods and living a healthy lifestyle.

The Imagine homes steel frame structure is certified to cyclone category standards, this supports the national plans in building resilient infrastructure, reducing the need to using cyclone shelters and vulnerable buildings.

2.10. Cost Benefit Analysis Cost Benefit Analysis is most informative before implementation of projects, in this case approval was given for the formation of the road and clearing of the property in August 2019.

CBA objective statement: To assess the economic feasibility of developing the sloping terrain property for the purpose of a residential dwelling and to assess the impacts of the proposed earthworks to the environment and the community.

CBA challenges:  Lack of baseline information with regards to project of this nature, such as market price.  Uncertainty of the REA decision, what was the reason for the project being declined from the previous submitted Engineering Report. Unable to ascertain the problem.  The scale of the project in comparison to other current earthworks projects.  Erosion and sediment run‐off is ongoing, without the project and following heavy rainfall significant amounts of sediments are deposited into the lagoon.

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Summary of Options considered.

Present situation Without the project With the project

The unavailability of The Kiikii property will The proponent will be able suitable flat and easily remain undeveloped and to build their new accessible land is causing the proponent will have to residential dwelling on the more developments to seek land elsewhere, which property and retire on take place further inland is likely to be of a similar Rarotonga. into the volcanic interior, land characteristics. along hill slope terrain.

Poorly managed Current vegetated shrubs The proposed earthworks operation and bush on the property development will occupy causes erosion of will minimize sediment 90% of the property, both sediments into the water erosion into the the earthworks and the ways and eventually into waterways. planned building the receiving lagoon structures. An Erosion and Sediment Control Plan is required to ensure that erosion impacts are managed.

Valuing cost and benefits of the project.

With the project Cost or Valuation method Benefit

New residential dwelling for Cost Cost from similar projects for proponent. estimates.

Provide jobs for local contractors Benefit Described, not valued and builders

Neighboring landowners Benefit Described, not valued (community) will be able to access their properties along the newly formed access road.

Self sufficient water supply. Benefit Described, not valued

Food security with the inclusion of a Benefit Described, not valued home garden.

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With the project Cost or Valuation method Benefit

House built to cyclone category Benefit Described, not valued standards

Erosion and sediment damage Cost Described, not valued within the waterways.

Increased stormwater runoff . Cost Described, not valued

Negative perceptions by the Cost Described, not valued community with regards to development in the volcanic interior.

Due to the unavailability of information and the uncertain segregation of environmental impacts that potentially be caused by the project, caused by other similar earthworks projects or natural processes, the cost benefit analysis was unable to be completed and preferred option not identified.

3. Environmental Values and Management of Impacts

3.1. Land

3.1.1. Description of environmental values The property comprises a sloping terrain with volcanic soils covered in vegetation shrubs, since the vegetation clearing in August 2019, the shrubs have overgrown across the property.

3.1.1.1. Soils Reference has been made to the Rarotonga Geological Map, which indicates that the site is underlain by volcanic derived processes. These are residual volcanic group deposits of the Holocene Age.

According to the 1980 Soils Report prepared by D.M. Leslie, the soils in this area have been identified as Pokoinu Hill Soils, typical of Hilly Land, also referred to as Fringing Hill, limited fertility soils on major slopes.

3.1.1.2. Landuse / Characteristics Due to the location and its natural steep terrain, there has been limited use in terms of forestry or agriculture development, the shallow soils overlying the volcanic rock is best suited to shrubs.

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3.1.1.3. Landscape Character The Landscape comprised relatively moderate to steep slopes. The ground descends towards the creek, towards the north‐west direction, with ground slope ranging from 15° to 34° inclinations.

Figure 1: Aerial image of the property, view towards the southwest, April 2020

3.1.2. Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures Earthworks in the form of cut to fill will be required to facilitate the formation of a level building platform. Approximately 1,400m3 of the upper slope will be excavated and filled along the lower slope.

Earthworks recommendations and Erosion Control measures will be adhered to ensure minimal impacts to the Environment and the Community.

3.1.2.1. Land use Suitability The volcanic soils and underlying rock provide a suitable founding soils for the proposed new residential building. The natural ground following stripping of vegetation and topsoil is considered to be of stiff strength and suitable fill material.

3.1.2.2. Land Contamination The cut to fill methodology will utilize materials from within the property, there will not be any imported material.

The new dwelling will incorporate an approved waste water system, which will treat effluent to approve standards.

Waste material generated during the construction phase will be taken off‐site to the Arorangi Waste Management facility; no waste landfill is to be stored on‐site.

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The contractor will ensure that all earth moving machinery and other construction equipment does not discharge any harmful substance into the ground, as outlined in the Environmental Management Plan.

3.2. Climate Cyclone season is typically experienced between November and March each year, during these periods the Cooks Islands is vulnerable to cyclone events, the climate often experienced comprise heavy rainfall, strong winds and rough seas.

The property is at risk during prolonged heavy rainfall periods, undertaking erosion and sediment control measure at the early stages of the proposal minimizes the risk of erosion especially for exposed areas.

3.3. Water Resource & Quality

3.3.1. Description of Environmental Values The proposal aims to minimize impacts to the water resources, through applying measures at limiting contaminants on‐site, using approved methods and working closely with agencies via monitoring water quality.

All harmfull or toxic substances will not be stored on the property.

3.3.2. Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures Earthmoving machinery and equipment with harmful or toxic substances such as fuel, oil, and lubricants will not be stored on site; to ensure that these substances do not contaminate the inland waters.

Erosion and sediment control measures as stated previously aims to reduce sediment discharge into the downstream catchments, which eventually flows into the coastal waters (Kiikii Beach).

3.4. Air

3.4.1. Description of Environmental Values Impact to the air quality is considered minor; the potential for air pollution is likely to be the control burning of cleared vegetation and the discharge by earthmoving machinery. The contractor will ensure that all machineries are serviced and operating effectively.

No burning of waste material on‐site.

3.4.2. Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures The landowners have already undertaken vegetation clearing, firewood logs have been made from most of the cleared large trees.

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Earthwork machineries will operate in open space, smoke discharge from the machines will likely disperse in the hill breeze.

Contractor to ensure all machineries are operating effectively with safe discharge.

3.5. Waste

3.5.1. Description of Environmental Values The proposal will not generate waste as all the materials imported to the site will be used for the new buildings construction.

All empty fuel and oil containers used for the heavy plant machineries will be removed and not stored on‐site.

3.5.2. Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures The contractor will ensure that any waste generated by the earthmoving machinery will be temporary stored and transported off site.

3.6. Noise and Vibration

3.6.1. Description of Environmental Values The movement and use of heavy plant machinery will generate unsatisfactory noise level. The nearest residential home is located some 100m from the property.

The proposal site is located along a developed Kiikii hill slope; much of the noise and vibration will be generated by heavy plant machinery; the contractor will closely monitor noise to appropriate levels.

3.6.2. Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures Noise and vibrations will be confined to the area where proposed development will take place; the contractors will operate machinery during normal working hours from 8am to 4pm ‐ Monday to Saturday. Work outside these hours, the contractor will inform and seek approval from NES and the neighbors, in the event permission is granted, nose reduction devices will be fitted to the construction equipment.

The surrounding bush shrubs and hills will likely disperse some of the noise.

The contractor will maintain communications and provide notification to the community with regards to machinery movement and operations via media release.

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3.7. Nature Conservation

3.7.1. Description of Environmental Values The vegetation within and surrounding the property comprise regenerated shrubs and native trees. The property was cleared in August 2019, since then the native shrubs have re‐grown in this area.

3.7.1.1. Terrestrial Flora & Fauna The flora comprises Au trees (tree hibiscus), Rau‐maniota (cecropia), Nita (pawpaw), Polynesian fern, long grass and creeper vine.

The invasive Pokutekute Teata (mile‐a‐minute‐weed) was observed dominating much of the inland bush cover along the valley and hillside.

Insects, lizards and wondering birds were the observed fauna, due to the previous vegetation clearance there are less fauna within the property.

3.7.1.2. Aquatic Biology The property is located along the inland slopes, away from any stream, wetland and coastal area.

No biota surveys or studies were undertaken for the proposal site.

3.7.2. Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures Landscaping and vegetation rehabilitation following building construction will encourage local flora and fauna in the area to re‐establish their habitat.

The invasive weed will be controlled by the owner to ensure it does not re‐establish itself on the property. The potential effects of the proposal on the nature conservation are considered minor.

Ref: E1929.3 MAY 2020 Page | 23 Environment Impact Assessment – New Dwelling on Sloping Terrain

Figure 2: Aerial image showing extent of invasive weed, April 2020.

3.8. Cultural Heritage

3.8.1. Description of environmental values There are no known significant landmarks within and surrounding the property, the only known cultural landmark is the Arai Te Tonga Marae which is located some 800m away.

3.8.2. Potential impacts and mitigation measures The proposal is not considered to result in any significant impacts to the cultural heritage values of the Kiikii and Tupapa area. Furthermore, there are no known historic or cultural sites within close proximity to the site that will be affected by the proposal.

3.9. Social

3.9.1. Description of environmental values The proposal will not interfere with community activities as it is located in an isolated area, away from typical social gathering places such as beaches, parks, sports fields and community centers.

3.9.2. Potential impacts and mitigation measures During the construction phase, perimeter fencing and warning signs will be erected to provide awareness and safety to the community.

The site supervisor (contractor) will monitor all movement around the proposal site and provide support where needed.

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3.10. Health and Safety

3.10.1. Description of Environmental Values Movement of construction materials and earthwork machinery will be carried out outside peak traffic hours to ensure minimal risk to the public and local community.

During construction, temporary storage of materials and machinery will be position in a safe and secure area, away from the public.

3.10.2. Potential impacts and mitigation measures The contractor to ensure that health and safety gears are worn at all time, clear visibility of personal both operating machinery and on the ground. The site to have a fully stocked first aid kit and everyone is made aware of its location and safe usage.

During earthworks and the construction of the new residential buildings, the main contractor is responsible to ensure the safety of all workers and visitors to the site.

A minimum of one person certified in first aid is to be on‐site at all time during construction, a full stocked first aid kit is to be made available at all times. The location of the first aid kit is to be made known to all workers and visitors. It is important that all accidents on site is recorded and reported to the project manager.

The contractor will ensure that appropriate signs will be erected to notify local residents regarding health and safety protocols.

3.11. Economy

3.11.1. Description of Environmental Values Development along hill slopes has increased in recent years due to the unavailability of flat lands which are either developed, used for farming or reserved areas.

Endeavors of this nature is expensive to the landowner as this would require significant investment, to facilitate the construction of the new home and also provide supporting infrastructure such as the access road and drainage.

3.11.2. Potential impacts and mitigation measures The proposal is for the construction of new residential dwelling, provides for economic opportunity in providing jobs for local contractors and builders.

3.12. Hazards and Risk

3.12.1. Description of Environmental Values The potential hazards identified comprise the following:

 Working on sloping terrain;

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 Slope instability, land slide  Erosion and sediment discharge into the waterways;  In‐effective wastewater treatment system;  New building not fit for purpose;  Risk to the Community;

3.12.2. Potential impacts and mitigation measures Working on sloping terrain It is important to engage an experienced and competent contractor to undertake work on sloping terrain. The contractor will adhere to the Earthworks recommendation.

Slope instability, land slide A retaining wall is recommended to be constructed along the cut and batter slopes. The retaining wall will be design to cater for the ground conditions and provide stability for the new residential dwelling.

Erosion and sediment discharge into the waterways Erosion and sediment control measures are to be implemented and monitored during the earthworks and new building construction phase. Silt fences will be install along the base of the cut and fill batter slopes to retain sediments, shallow spoon drains will be formed along the perimeter of the work area to divert surface water away and into the sediment pond. The sediment pond will further retain sediments prior to discharge along the roadside drain.

In‐effective wastewater treatment system A registered drain layer will be engage to design and install the new wastewater system; the system is to be an approved system by the Public Health. The site supervisor along with the Public Health inspector will document installation works and monitor system operations for the first six months. The new wastewater system is to treat effluent to safe levels without impacting on the natural environment.

New building not fit for purpose The construction of the new dwelling is to comply to the Cook Islands building code and built in accordance to the certified building plans. A building contractor of bona fide reputation is to be engaged to undertake building construction.

Buildings poorly constructed will pose a significant hazard risk during cyclone periods, risk to the homeowner and neighbors, where loose material may become flying debris and hit adjourning properties.

Risk to the Community The site supervisor will ensure that appropriate signs and fencing be erected to notify local residence regarding health and safety protocol, danger areas and site requirements. These protocols will guarantee that hazards and risks associated during construction are minimized. Ref: E1929.3 MAY 2020 Page | 26 Environment Impact Assessment – New Dwelling on Sloping Terrain

No unauthorized personnel should be permitted onto the site without first seeking approval from the site supervisor.

Continuous monitoring of the weather is advisable during the construction period.

The site supervisor will ensure that site works is well managed, loose material are temporary stored in secure area. At the end of each working day the site is left secured, all machinery are packed, stored and locked away safely, and building materials are covered and anchored down. Where possible, it is recommended that the site is closed off, to discourage unauthorized access into the site after working hours.

3.13. Erosion Control

3.13.1. Description of Environmental Values The exposed underlying soils following preparation and formation works, including the placement of fill material is vulnerable to erosion, therefore erosion and sediment control devices and management plans will be established. The main objective is to reduce the risk of erosion across the property, especially into the neighboring properties.

3.13.2. Potential impacts and mitigation measures Appropriate measures will be undertaken to ensure there is minimal impacts of erosion; exposed areas will be temporarily covered with the filter cloth to minimize scouring during heavy rainfall event.

Silt fence will be installed at key locations, temporary drainage channels will be formed along the proposal site perimeter, diverting all surface flows to a sediment pond prior to discharge into the roadside drain.

4. Environmental Management Plan

4.1. Purpose of this Plan The purpose of the EMP is to provide for the protection of the environment during the proposed works and to minimize potential adverse environmental, social and economic effects that cannot be avoided. This EMP will be used by the Contractor to prepare a detailed Construction EMP, which will be used throughout the proposed works.

4.2. Environmental objective To undertake the proposed works in compliance with the conditions of approval, in keeping with the principles of the Environment Act and avoiding wherever possible any significant negative environmental impacts, whether covered by plans and approvals, or not.

4.3. Environmental policies General environmental principles shall be:

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 Construction works and activities will not commence until the EIA and CEMP has been approved;

 Construction works will be undertaken in compliance with all current legislation and any conditions imposed on the EIA Approval;

 The construction works will utilize the best practicable options to ensure adverse environmental effects are avoided, remedied or mitigated.

 Social disturbance as a result of construction will be minimized as far as practicable.

 Areas outside the bounds of permanent works, which were developed or altered in any way, shall be reinstated to the condition as at commencement of the Contract.

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5.4 Summary of Potential Impacts, Mitigation Measures, Monitoring and Responsibilities Environmental Mitigation Measures Locations Timeframe Implementation Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Supervision Issue Parameter Frequency Responsibility Impacts on Earthworks will be Within the Undertaken at Contractor Visual Throughout Site Project landscape and required for form a property, the end of the inspection construction Supervisor Engineer/Manager visual amenity building platform. along the construction works and at values Following earthworks sloping of the new completion of and building terrain. dwelling, week works construction, the 24, duration 1 property will be week. landscaped and local native plants will be grown to retain the natural visual amenity of the area. Dust nuisance The grounds especially Within the During the Contractor Visual Daily Site Project exposed soils areas will property, earthworks inspection monitoring Supervisor Engineer/Manager be moistened (where along the period; week 2 Feedback / during site possible) to minimize sloping to week 5, complaints development dust build up during terrain. duration 4 received works construction works. weeks.

Excessive noise Ensure construction Within the During the Contractor Construction Daily Site Project during during normal working property, earthworks noise levels monitoring Supervisor Engineer/Manager construction. hours 8am to 4pm along the and Feedback / during site Monday to Saturday. sloping construction complaints development terrain. period; week 2 received works

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Environmental Mitigation Measures Locations Timeframe Implementation Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Supervision Issue Parameter Frequency Responsibility Maintain ongoing to week 23, communication with the duration 22 local community. weeks.

Health and All personal to wear at all Within the During the Contractor Local Daily Site Project Safety times appropriate safety property, earthworks community monitoring Supervisor Engineer/Manager attire. along the and feedback Everyone is aware of the sloping construction health & a safety terrain. period; week 2 protocol, first aid is to week 23, available on site at all duration 22 times. weeks.

Site Hazards • Safety fence to be Within the During the Contractor Site Prior, during Site Project constructed at the early property, earthworks Inspection and following Supervisor Engineer/Manager stages to minimize along the and storm events falling/rolling rock to sloping construction both within the property terrain. period; week 2 and the neighboring to week 23, house and main road duration 22 • Construction materials weeks. and construction equipment are stored away safely at the end of each working day.

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Environmental Mitigation Measures Locations Timeframe Implementation Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Supervision Issue Parameter Frequency Responsibility Erosion Control • Install and maintain Within the During the Contractor Site Daily Site Project appropriate erosion property, earthworks Inspection monitoring Supervisor Engineer/Manager control devices along the and during site sloping construction development terrain. period; week 2 works to week 23, duration 22 weeks.

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5. Conclusion This EIA and proposal permit application by the proponent Peter and Vaiora Rosser, for approval by the NES, to construct a 3‐bedroom residential dwelling by way of developing the existing Kiikii hill side sloping terrain and maintaining the natural amenity features for the area.

The potential adverse effects of the proposal on the environment and community will not be significant. Concerns and issues raised have been addressed in this EIA where relevant. Consultation with landowners and neighboring properties will be maintained throughout the proposal development duration.

Report prepared by:

______Paul Teariki Maoate New Zealand Certificate in Engineering ‐ Civil (NZCE) Member of the Institute of Professional Engineers Cook Islands (IPECI)

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6. Reference Leslie, D (1980) Soils of Rarotonga, Cook Islands, NZ Soil Survey Report 49

Waterhouse, BC & Petty DR (1986) Hydrogeology of the Southern Cook Islands, South Pacific

Ministry of Works (1990) Cook Islands Building Code, Government of the Cook Islands

McIntyre M (2013) Cook Islands National Action Programme for Sustainable Land Management

Roger Duff (1974) Prehistory of the Southern Cook Islands

SPREP (2013) Cost‐Benefit Analysis for Natural Resource Management in the Pacific

Office of the Prime Minister (2016) Te Kaveinga Nui, National Sustainable Development Plan

Website: Cook Islands Biodiversity and Natural Heritage http://cookislands.bishopmuseum.org/default.asp

Ref: E1929.3 MAY 2020 Page | 33

Appendix A

National Environment Services

Environmental Impact Assessment

Terms of Reference

New Residential Dwelling on Sloping Terrain April 2020 EIA REPORT – TERMS OF REFERENCE PETER & VAIORA ROSSER KIIKII, AVARUA DISTRICT FOR NEW RESIDENTIAL DWELLING ON SLOPE.

Section 1 – Executive summary The Executive Summary should present a concise, non‐technical outline of the proposed project comprising of each sections of the EIA report. And it should include the following;  the title of the proposal;  name and contact details of the proponent, and a discussion of previous projects undertaken by the proponent and their commitment to effective environmental management;  a concise statement of the aims and objectives of the proposal;  the legal framework, decision‐making authorities and advisory agencies;  an outline of the background to and need for the proposal, including the consequences of not proceeding with the proposal;  an outline of the alternative options considered and reasons for the selection of the proposed development option;  a brief description of the proposal (pre‐construction, construction and operational activities) and the existing environment, utilizing visual aids where appropriate;  an outline of the principal environmental impacts predicted and the proposed environmental management strategies (including waste minimization and management) and commitments to minimize the significance of these impacts;  include the results of impact and risk assessments, the proposed management/mitigation actions, and the conclusions reached for the project. The structure of the Executive Summary should generally follow that of the EIA but focus on key issues to enable the reader to obtain a clear understanding of the proposal and its potential adverse and beneficial environmental, social and economic impacts and the management measures to be implemented by the proponent to mitigate all residual impacts. The Executive summary should be written as a stand‐alone, able to be reproduced on request and distributed to interested parties who may not wish to read or purchase the EIA as a whole.

Section 2 – Table of contents A clear table of contents should be given

Section 3 – Glossary, list of acronyms/abbreviations A glossary of acronyms and abbreviations should be listed for the EIA readers.

Section 4 – Introduction Please provide an overview of the project and the proponent, including information such as: 4.1 Project name, background and general description 4.2 Project purpose and objectives (including environmental performance objectives) 4.3 Profile of project proponent 4.4. Contact details for the proponent/project manager

Section 5 – Policy and legal framework Outline relevant policies and laws that apply to the project and the approvals that need to be obtained from different government agencies, for instance: 5.1 National, regional, provincial or customary laws and related government approvals 5.2 Multilateral Environmental Agreements 5.3 Industry sector plans, policies or codes of practice 5.4 Health, safety, hazard and risk management standards 5.5 Current agreements between government and the proponent 5.6 Environmental policies of any financing organizations involved in the project 5.7 The proponent’s environmental management and compliance record

Section 6 – Project description and justification Present a detailed description of the project and provide justification for its development, covering: 6.1 Project details ‐ Project location, size and layout, including a description of the project’s proximity to relevant environmental features and resources (e.g. watercourses, resource deposits, towns/villages/settlements, transport infrastructure, natural/cultural/ecological assets) ‐ Maps of the project location, surrounding area and project site, illustrating relevant environmental features and resources (e.g. topography, existing land/sea use, watercourses, resource deposits, towns/villages/settlements, transport infrastructure, natural/cultural/ecological assets) ‐ Project activities, components, infrastructure and design, including technology and equipment likely to be used ‐ Predicted resource and public infrastructure requirements, including rates of extraction or usage (e.g. energy, water, labour, transport, minerals, hazardous materials), and any competition for resources or infrastructure that may occur with other projects or the local community ‐ Predicted type and quantity of waste outputs (e.g. liquid and solid wastes, gas/air emissions) ‐ Implementation schedule, with key steps and tasks (e.g. timeline for construction, operation, decommissioning, rehabilitation, closure), and expected project lifespan ‐ Project cost estimates and funding sources, including any uncertainties or assumptions underlying the estimates

6.2 Analysis of alternatives ‐ Alternative project sites, designs, technologies, timelines; including alternatives that address environmental hazards and environmental change processes ‐ Advantages and disadvantages of alternatives (e.g. cost, availability of technology) ‐ Explanation for choice of preferred options 6.3 Project benefits ‐ Benefits accruing to the local area, island, country, region (e.g. new or upgraded physical infrastructure, improved environmental conditions, increased resource availability, employment/livelihood opportunities, improved standards of living, better health or educational facilities) ‐ Project relevance in the light of existing local or national development and/or future development plans ‐ Contribution to sustainable development and green growth ‐ The need for the project

6.4 Cost‐benefit analysis ‐ Identification, valuation and comparison of the costs (disadvantages) and benefits (advantages) of the project, from a whole‐of‐society perspective (i.e. including the perspectives of the proponent, government and stakeholders)

Section 7 – Description of the baseline environment Detail baseline (i.e. current or existing) environmental conditions relevant to the project and surrounding area, to develop awareness and understanding of important environmental features, patterns and trends; to support identification of potential impacts of the project on the environment (section 8) and potential impacts of the environment on the project (due to environmental hazards and environmental change, including climate change) (sections 9 and 10); and to assist with the formulation of impact mitigation measures. The level of examination and effort that is required to adequately describe different aspects of the environment will depend on the type of project, its scale of operation, its physical setting and its area of influence. In detailing the baseline environment it is important to state what is known or unknown, what assumptions have been made, and how reliable the data/information is. Studies or surveys undertaken by the proponent, their consultant, or third party researchers, should be adequately detailed and referenced (section 16). Where relevant, the following aspects of the environment should be described: 7.1 Climate (e.g. temperature, rainfall/evaporation, flooding, drought, winds, extreme weather events, climate change projections and climate change elements likely to affect the project) 7.2 Topography, geology and soils (e.g. significant landscape features and characteristics; landscape gradient or slope; land capability and availability; seismic characteristics and earthquake and volcanic potential; areas vulnerable to landslides, rock fall, erosion) 7.3 Land tenure, zoning and use, underlying and surrounding the project (e.g. community food gardens, agriculture, national park, sensitive habitat, community reserve, village settlement, cemetery, manufacturing industry) 7.4 Water (e.g. surface and groundwater quantity and quality; site hydrology; local catchment area; upstream and downstream water uses/users; areas vulnerable to flooding, inundation or storm surges) 7.5 Marine (e.g. coastal hydrology, tides, waves, currents, storm surge, salinity, sea water temperature, suspended load, seabed bathymetry) 7.6 Air (e.g. existing sources of air emissions; ambient air quality parameters such as nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide, lead, PM10 particles; location of nearest sensitive receptor) 7.7 Noise (e.g. baseline noise levels and noise pollution; location of nearest sensitive receptors) 7.8 Plant life (e.g. plant species and communities within the project and surrounding area; native, endemic, threatened, invasive or culturally‐significant species; areas subject to previous habitat clearing or disturbance; species, plant communities or habitat vulnerable to environmental hazards and environmental change) 7.9 Animal life (e.g. animal species and communities within the project and surrounding area; native, endemic, threatened, migratory, invasive or culturally‐significant species; habitat within and adjacent to the project area suitable for species of conservation significance; species, animal communities or habitat vulnerable to environmental hazards and environmental change) 7.10 Human communities (e.g. towns/villages/settlements; population and local demographics; housing; energy and water resource; transport and other infrastructure; cultural traditions and community structure; marginalised groups; community health status; health care facilities; landscape and visual amenity; recreation; elements of human communities vulnerable to environmental hazards and environmental change) 7.11 Local and national economy (e.g. skills, livelihoods and employment; economic and business conditions; distribution of income; major sectors and industries; elements of the economy vulnerable to environmental hazards and environmental change) 7.12 Social/cultural resources and heritage (e.g. objects or sites of social/cultural significance, cultural and archaeological assets; social/cultural resources vulnerable to environmental hazards and environmental change)

Section 8 – Impact assessment 8.1 Assess and describe potential impacts of the project on the environment. The impact assessment should detail negative and positive; immediate, short‐term and long‐term; unavoidable, irreversible and reversible impacts. In conducting the impact assessment give consideration to: ‐ all relevant aspects of the environment (section 7, description of the existing environment) and how they are likely to be changed or affected by the project, either directly or indirectly. This should include assessment of how the project may exacerbate environmental hazards and environmental change processes (e.g. release of greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to climate change) ‐ the nature of changes or affects, including negative consequences and/or expected benefits ‐ over what area, or on what scale, changes or affects are likely to take place ‐ changes or affects that will arise at different stages of the project (e.g. during construction, operation, production, decommissioning, closure) 8.2 Assess and describe potential impacts of the environment on the project. The impact assessment should detail negative and positive; immediate, short‐term and long‐term; unavoidable, irreversible and reversible impacts. In conducting the impact assessment give consideration to: ‐ all relevant environmental hazards, and how they are likely to change or affect the project, either directly or indirectly (e.g. weather‐related hazards such as heavy rain, cyclones; water‐related hazards such as flooding, tidal waves; geological hazards such as landslides, ground failure, earthquakes, tsunami) ‐ environmental change processes, and how they are likely to change or affect the project, either directly or indirectly (e.g. climate change and associated processes such as sea level rise, increased cyclone intensity; loss of land from coastal erosion and shoreline change) ‐ the nature of changes or affects, including negative consequences and/or expected benefits ‐ over what area, or on what scale, changes or affects are likely to take place Explain the methods used for impact assessment, such as modelling studies, site or field‐based surveys, or review of existing similar situations or previous studies. In detailing impacts it is important to acknowledge what is known or unknown, what assumptions have been made, how reliable the data and analyses are, and whether any information deficiencies or uncertainties have influenced the conclusions reached.

Section 9 – Cumulative impacts Examine the project in the context of previous, existing and reasonably foreseeable future developments. This will help to ensure that the project’s potential impacts are not considered in isolation and that cumulative impacts are identified as far as possible. Cumulative impact assessment can include an evaluation of changes in: 1.1 Land and seascape processes and functions (e.g. landscape hydrology, coastal stability) 1.2 Natural resource quality and availability (e.g. water, energy, habitat for important plant and animal species) 1.3 Social and community dynamics (e.g. size of human population, traffic volumes) 1.4 Economic conditions (e.g. industry development, job opportunities, cost of living) For identified cumulative impacts, assess if they will be permanent. If they are not likely to be permanent, specify what steps will be taken to minimize their long‐term effects.

Section 10 – Environmental management Provide a draft environmental management plan (EMP), including a detailed discussion of the mitigation measures that can be feasibly undertaken, and explain how these mitigation measures will address or reduce the anticipated negative impacts and reduce exposure or vulnerability to environmental hazards and environmental change processes. Also identify any best practices or industry standards the proponent intends to commit to, as well as any optimization measures to be taken to strengthen or enhance positive impacts. The draft EMP should cover all phases of the project, from construction through to operation, decommissioning, closure and post‐closure (where relevant). It should be further developed and refined following the conclusion of the EIA process. Provision should also be made for periodic review of the EMP once the project becomes operational. Recommended topics to be included in the EMP document: 10.1 Environmental performance objectives for the project 10.2 The proponent’s environmental management framework, i.e. who will have responsibility for overseeing the EMP, the implementation of different mitigation measures, incident response, environmental monitoring and reporting 10.3 Specialised management plans with a high level of operational detail for sensitive or high‐ risk aspects of the project (e.g. a waste management plan, a water management plan, an erosion and sediment control plan, a disaster management plan, climate change adaptation plan) 10.4 Evidence that environmental mitigation measures and specialised management plans are likely to be effective when implemented 10.5 A detailed monitoring plan, including performance criteria for measuring the extent of environmental impacts, and/or the success of mitigation measures; and for ensuring early detection of impacts. Monitoring should cover impacts of the project on the environment and impacts of the environment on the project 10.6 Environmental management expectations and requirements to be placed on project contractors 10.7 Provisions for independent auditing (especially in the case of high‐risk projects) 10.8 The names of the government agencies the proponent will report their project activity outcomes and monitoring results to 10.9 Staffing and equipment requirements, allocated budget, and any training programmes or capacity development necessary to ensure successful EMP implementation 10.10 A process for responding to unanticipated or emergency incidents 10.11 A process for managing and responding to stakeholder concerns or complaints 10.12 Compensation measures for affected parties for impacts that cannot be mitigated or adequately managed It is advisable to cross‐reference different elements of the EMP to relevant text in the EIA report.

Section 11 – Local community, land/resource owner and wider stakeholder consultation Supply details of consultation activities, including: 11.1 How the local community, land/resource owners and other stakeholders have been identified 11.2 Meetings, workshops or other forms of consultation held to date, or to be organized in the future 11.3 The outcomes of consultation, including issues and concerns raised by different groups or affected parties 11.4 Proposals for addressing issues and concerns raised, and for keeping the local community, land/resource owners and other stakeholders informed of project activities

Section 12 – Conclusions and recommendations Present the main conclusions of the EIA report and the proponent’s suggested recommendations for progressing their project, including key environmental management and mitigation measures that should be undertaken.

Section 13 – Disclosure of consultants State the names and contact details of all consultants responsible for preparing the EIA report, and the services or work they completed.

Section 14 – References Appropriately reference all information sources that have been used or consulted during EIA report preparation. Information sources may include studies or surveys undertaken by the proponent, their consultant, or third party researchers. Section 15 – Appendices Include appendices that support the main text and that do not contain unnecessary information. Appendices may present: ‐ Relevant environmental studies and reports done on the project site, if any; ‐ Detailed technical information ‐ Draft management plans ‐ A table listing how the TOR have been addressed, cross‐referenced to relevant sections of the EIA report ‐ A table listing environmental mitigation/management commitments made by the proponent ‐ Evidence of project support from stakeholders

Appendix B

Study Team

New Residential Dwelling on Sloping Terrain April 2020 CURRICULUM VITAE FOR PAUL TEARIKI MAOATE

Name Paul Teariki Maoate Profession: Civil Engineer Nationality: Cook Islands Place of Residence Ngatangiia, Rarotonga Membership: 2013 member of the ‘Institution of Professional Engineers Cook Islands’ (IPECI), chapter of the South Pacific Engineers Association (SPEA) Education: 1999 New Zealand Certificate in Civil Engineering (NZCE), UNITEC Institute of Technology 2014 Certificate in Project Management, Auckland University of Technology 2019 Master of Business Administration, University of the South Pacific 2019 Graduate Certificate of Ridge to Reef Sustainable Development, James Cook University Countries of Work Cook Islands, New Zealand, Australia Experience: Key Experience  Geotechnical Engineering; o Investigation, design and assessments o Earthworks design and monitoring o Slope Stability Analysis (Retaining Walls) o Erosion and Sediment Control  Water Engineering: o Water Demand Management; pipeline network, leak detection o Hydrology; monitoring and analysis o Groundwater investigation  Road Engineering; o Design, construction supervision and road testing  Engineering Survey/Mapping: o Quantity Survey, Buildings o Computer Aided Designs o Mapping, Geographical Information Systems (GIS)  Coastal Engineering o Harbour, remedial repairs, designs and construction o Coastal protection structures; revetments, seawall, groynes  Environmental Engineering: o Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) o Environmental Management Plans (EMP) Major Projects 2002 New Dwelling on steep terrain, Western Heights, NZ 2004 Three Kings Quarry; backfill and new development (40 Lots), NZ 2004 Access Road on steep terrain, Whangaparoa, NZ 2005 (80 Lot) Residential Subdivision, Massey, NZ 2006 Rarotonga Pipeline Network Upgrade 2008 2008 Rarotonga Multi‐Sport Complex; Earthworks Supervision 2008 Cook Islands Red Cross Building, Geotechnical Investigation 2009 Aitutaki Cyclone Recovery; Building & Infrastructure rehabilitation 2010 Muri Sanitation System Upgrade (IWRM) 2010 New Ministry of Education Building, Geotechnical Investigation 2012 Climate proof Mangaia Harbour, design and construction supervision 2015 New Residential Dwelling along Kiikii Foreshore, EIA 2016 Cook Islands Renewable Energy; Geotechnical Investigation of Renewable energy sites in the Pa Enua; Atiu, Mauke, Mitiaro & Mangaia 2018 Four New Buildings on Sloping Terrain, Nikao, EIA

Updated on: April 2020

Appendix C

Project Site Plan and Cross Section

New Residential Dwelling on Sloping Terrain April 2020

Appendix D

Building House Plans and Designs

New Residential Dwelling on Sloping Terrain April 2020 3

24,350 3,000 21,350 90 2,910 90 4,310 90 600 90 9,400 90 1,500 90 5,000 90

90 5,000 90

POOL 8x4 Narellan fibre glass pool or equivalent

TERRACE

W0-06* servery

90 WD 0-05* 90 WD 0-04* 90 WD 0-03* 90

W0-07* 700 W0-05* s dw ct/rh ubo 2 , 910 - 2,910 BED robe 2 , 100

2 3,991 4,000 LIV. P'TRY MASTER 5,090 90 KIT. BED 820 820 - W0-08 -

1,000 90 900 90 3,020 90 900 90 2 , 100 2 , 100 90

2,100 - 820 90 1,500 90 1,000 90 2,320 90 7,490 90 90 shr ref. W0-04* wc 900 90 TERRACE 90

W0-09 BATH 820 robe - 600 10,670 10,760

2,400 1,000 820 1,019 - 2 , 100

v v TERRACE W0-03 2 , 100 90 90 bar 1,200 4 90 820 - 1,700 2,290 90 600 robe robe 1,000 600 2 , 100 DIN. 2,100 - 820 90 90 820 90 - LIGHT SWITCHES AT 1150mm ABOVE AFL - t v

- WALL MOUNTED LIGHTS AT 2000 ABOVE FL BED 2 , 100 0 - 06 *

16,850 wm/ W0-02 16,850 - POWER OUTLETS AT 300mm ABOVE FL WD CF 4,000 3 dry 2 , 910 ENS. (EXCEPT FOR THE FOLLOWING) - L'DRY v robe 3,000 2,910 2 , 100

shr W0-10 WD 0-01 wc 2,100 - 820 2,100 - 820

90 90 W0-01* 90

TERRACE 820 - 2 , 100 DOUBLE 5 , 200 - 6,180

GARAGE 6,090 6,000 6,000 2 , 100

note: provide 'diamond grille' security screens to all external doors AS 90 90

90 9,900 90 1,500 90 3,410 90 15,080 or 24,350

1

AREAS GFA : 287 sqm TERRACE : 195 sqm

TOTAL GFA : 287 sqm TOTAL TERRACE : 195 sqm

1 FLOOR PLAN 1:200

PRPOSED DWELLING for Mr P. Rosser at RAROTONGA Project No: Drawing No: Revision: Plot date: 1805 SK-02 FLOOR PLAN Verify dimensions and levels on site before setting out Do not scale. Copyright Design Laboratory QBSA LIC NO: 1025233 GSPublisherVersion 0.0.100.100 rendered blueboard

rendered blueboard

heads

2.700

ceiling

door door

/

2.100 window

1 ELEVATION 1:100

rendered blueboard

heads

2.700

ceiling

door door

/

2.100 window

2 ELEVATION 1:100

PRPOSED DWELLING for Mr P. Rosser at RAROTONGA Project No: Drawing No: Revision: Plot date: 1805 SK-03 ELEVATIONS Verify dimensions and levels on site before setting out Do not scale. Copyright Design Laboratory QBSA LIC NO: 1025233 GSPublisherVersion 0.0.100.100

rendered blueboard

heads

2.700

ceiling

door door

/

2.100 window

3 ELEVATION 1:100

rendered blueboard

heads

2.700

ceiling

door door

/

2.100 window

4 ELEVATION 1:100 PRPOSED DWELLING for Mr P. Rosser at RAROTONGA Project No: Drawing No: Revision: Plot date: 1805 SK-04 ELEVATIONS Verify dimensions and levels on site before setting out Do not scale. Copyright Design Laboratory QBSA LIC NO: 1025233 GSPublisherVersion 0.0.100.100 3

5 deg pitch UNO

lines of walls below

UNO

pitch pitch

UNO deg deg

5 5 20 deg pitch UNO

pitch pitch

deg deg 5 5 2 4

5 deg pitch UNO

20 deg pitch UNO

1

1 ROOF PLAN 1:200

PRPOSED DWELLING for Mr P. Rosser at RAROTONGA Project No: Drawing No: Revision: Plot date: 1805 SK-05 ROOF PLAN Verify dimensions and levels on site before setting out Do not scale. Copyright Design Laboratory QBSA LIC NO: 1025233 GSPublisherVersion 0.0.100.100

0.900 1.800 0.900 0.900 0.900 2.400 0.900

1.200

0.360

1.800 1.800 1.800 1.800

0.600

2.100 2.100 2.100 2.100 2.100 2.100 2.100

1.740

1.500 0.900

W0-01 W0-02 W0-03 W0-04 W0-05 W0-06 W0-07

0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 INSECT SCREENS LOUVRE LOUVRE LOUVRE LOUVRE SLIDING LOUVRE LOUVRE FROSTED INSECT SCREENS INSECT SCREENS INSECT SCREENS INSECT SCREENS FROSTED INSECT SCREENS ALUMINIUM BLADE

0.900 0.900 1.800 4.500 3.200 4.500

1.800 1.800

0.600

2.100 2.100 2.100 2.100 2.100 2.100 1.500

W0-08 W0-09 W0-10 WD 0-01 WD 0-03 WD 0-04

0.300 0.300 LOUVRE LOUVRE FIXED SLIDING STACKER SLIDING DOOR SLIDING STACKER INSECT SCREENS INSECT SCREENS DIAMOND GRILLE SECURITY DIAMOND GRILLE SECURITY DIAMOND GRILLE SECURITY ALUMINIUM BLADE FROSTED

3.200 3.200

2.100 2.100

WD 0-05 WD 0-06 SLIDING DOOR SLIDING DOOR DIAMOND GRILLE SECURITY DIAMOND GRILLE SECURITY

PRPOSED DWELLING for Mr P. Rosser at RAROTONGA Project No: Drawing No: Revision: Plot date: 1805 SK-06 WINDOW SCHEDULE Verify dimensions and levels on site before setting out Do not scale. Copyright Design Laboratory QBSA LIC NO: 1025233 GSPublisherVersion 0.0.100.100 27,350

3,000 21,350 3,000

8,675 18,675

80

3,000 3,000 3,000

:

1

50 setdown UNO

1:80 RC SLAB

10,670

10,760 16,760

to ENG DETAIL 1:80 10,760 19,850

CF

100 setdown UNO

80

:

3,000 3,000

1

1:80 6,180

9,270 15,080 3,000

3,000 21,350 3,000 PRPOSED DWELLING for Mr P. Rosser at SLAB PLAN RAROTONGA 1 Project No: Drawing No: Revision: Plot date: 1:100 1805 SK-07 SLAB PLAN Verify dimensions and levels on site before setting out Do not scale. Copyright Design Laboratory QBSA LIC NO: 1025233 GSPublisherVersion 0.0.100.100 POOL 8x4

IP65

sensor sensor

TERRACE IP65 servery

ELECTRICAL LEGEND sensor

sensor CODE TYPE

SINGLE POWER POINT (GPO) s dw ct/rh MASTER 65

DOUBLE POWER POINT (GPO) ubo 65

IP IP data BED LIGHT POINT - STANDARD /

BED robe LIGHT POINT - DOWNLIGHT 2 cable LIGHT POINT - D/L LOW VOLTAGE LIV. P'TRY CF LIGHT POINT - COMPACTED FLURO KIT. LIGHT POINT - SINGLE FLURO LIGHT POINT - WALL LIGHT PHONE POINT

TERRACE TV POINT wc shr ref. cable/data CEILING EXHAUST FAN 4 2 HEATER LIGHT FAN - 2 robe 4 HEATER LIGHT FAN - 4

v v TERRACE SMOKE DETECTOR BATH

sensor DIN. bar CEILING FAN robe robe SKYLIGHT - LIGHT TUBE

- LIGHT SWITCHES AT 1150mm ABOVE AFL t v - WALL MOUNTED LIGHTS AT 2000 ABOVE FL BED CF wm/ - POWER OUTLETS AT 300mm ABOVE FL CF dry (EXCEPT FOR THE FOLLOWING) 3 ENS. 4 v 1000 - KITCHEN BENCH 750 - DISHWASHER (DW) robe 1800 - RANGEHOOD (RH) 1500 - WASHING MACHINE L'DRY

750 - MICROWAVE u/bench 1000 - LAUNDRY BENCH sensor

1500 - REFRIGERATOR (REF) 1000 - VANITIES 65 shr

wc 65

IP IP

IP65 NOTES:

sensor Gas HWS unit (constant flow) with 5 sensor star energy efficiency rating to comply with "Sustainable Buildings" sensor TERRACE sensor QDC Pt 29, AS/NZS 6400:2005 DOUBLE

autodoor GARAGE

sensor Rainwater tanks, lighting & plumbing sensor fixtures & fittings to comply 'Sustainable buildings' QDC Pt 29 & 25 AS/NZS 3500.1.2003 AS/NZS 6400:2005.

PRPOSED DWELLING ENERGY EFFICIENT LIGHTING: for Mr P. Rosser This measure applies to new Class 1 building and sole occupancy units in Class 2 buildings. Energy efficient lighting includes at fluorescent and compact fluorescent lights. It does not include incandescent or halogen lights. 1 ELECTRICAL PLAN RAROTONGA Compliance is achieved when energy efficient lighting is used for at least 80 percent of the total floor area of the building 1:100 Project No: Drawing No: Revision: Plot date: or sole occupancy unit (refer to definition of floor area in Part 29 of the QDC). This area includes associated garages. 1805 SK-08 Final assessment upon completion of the building will require confirmation that the correct lighting has been installed in the ELECTRICAL Verify dimensions and levels on site before setting out appropriate light fittings. It is reasonable to accept this combination from the electrical contractor who installs the light fittings. Do not scale. Copyright Design Laboratory QBSA LIC NO: 1025233 GSPublisherVersion 0.0.100.100 27350 3000 21350 3000 600 200 1200 2800 RL +24.342 8700 400

FALL 1:80 3000 500

50MM SETDOWN 4100

FFL +24.430 A FFL +24.430 400 RL +24.342 FALL 1:80 FALL 1:80 13670 4100 B A RL +24.342 50MM SETDOWN 400 10760 16760 1750 A 19850

A A 4150 50MM SETDOWN FFL +24.430 FFL +24.430 2000 6960

50MM SETDOWN B

90 100MM SETDOWN 200 FALL 1:80 3000 400 RL +24.214 FALL 1:80 6180 RL +24.342

950 2650 300 3090 3090 RL +2330

RL VARIES 9270 15080 3000 NOTE 27350 A INDICATES LOCATION OF 50NB GREYWATER DRAIN PIPE FINISHED FLOOR LEVEL RL +24.430 B INDICATES LOCATION OF 100NB SOIL PIPE ALL PIPES TO PROTRUDE 500 ABOVE TOP OF CONCRETE

A FIRST ISSUE DBM 2/02/2020 Rev Amendment By Date Mitchell Engineering Services Ltd Mechanical Design and Project Management Services PO Box 437 Drury Phone 0274 874 913 [email protected] PETER AND VAIORA ROSSER RESIDENCE RAROTONGA FLOOR SLAB LAYOUT Drawing001 Rev A FILE NAME: P AND V ROSSER.dft BOTTOM REINFORCING 600 X 400 PERIMETER BEAM TOP REINFORCING

DH12 BARS AT 200 CENTRES 665 MESH 30 TOP COVER 30 MINIMUM COVER 150 THICK SUSPENDED RC SLAB DH12 BARS AT 600 CENTRES

600 X 400 BEAM

150 THICK SUSPENDED RC SLAB

600 X 400 BEAM FILL CUT SLAB ON GRADE ON GRADE SUSPENDEDSLAB SLAB

150 THICK SLAB ON GROUND

665 MESH MID SLAB THICKNESS

600 X 400 PERIMETER BEAM NOTES: 1. ALL CONCRETE TO BE MINIMUM 25MPa STRENGTH AT 25 DAYS. 2 ADDITIONAL DH 12 BARS 2000 LONG 2. ALL REINFORCING TO BE DEFORMED GRADE 500 BARS UNO AT 45 DEGREES AT INTERNAL CORNER 3. ALL REINFORING TO BE RANDOMLY LAPPED. MINIMUM LAP IS 40 BAR DIAMETERS.

A FIRST ISSUE DBM 2/02/2020 Rev Amendment By Date Mitchell Engineering Services Ltd Mechanical Design and Project Management Services PO Box 437 Drury Phone 0274 874 913 [email protected] PETER AND VAIORA ROSSER RESIDENCE RAROTONGA FLOOR SLAB RE-INFORCING Drawing002 Rev A FILE NAME: P AND V ROSSER.dft BOUNDARY

NO RTH

FILL - BATTER TO SLOPE FILL - BATTER TO SLOPE 9164

Y FILL - BATTER TO SLOPE R A 6640 6640 6640 6640

D N Y U R O A B D N U O B

4500 PILE LAYOUT 15 X DIA 400 BORED END BEARING PILES IN 4500 X 6640 GRID AS SHOWN LOCATE PILES WITHIN 200MM OF THE LOCATIONS SHOWN PILES TO BE EMBEDDED A MINIMUM 0F 1500MM INTO UNDISTURBED NATURAL GROUND 4500 FILL

FILL 19850

CUT

CUT

BOUNDARY 7077

A FIRST ISSUE DBM 2/02/2020 Rev Amendment By Date Mitchell Engineering Services Ltd Mechanical Design and Project Management Services PO Box 437 Drury Phone 0274 874 913 [email protected] 8298 27350 17550 PETER AND VAIORA ROSSER RESIDENCE RAROTONGA PILE LAYOUT Drawing003 Rev A FILE NAME: P AND V ROSSER.dft SITE BOUNDARY

3000 10760 3000 SUSPENDED SLAB 150 THICK REINFORCED CONCRETE SLAB SUPPORTED ON DIA 400 CAST IN SITU END BEARING CONCRTE PILES CUT FFL RL +24.430

CUT BENCHES PRIOR TO SLAB ON GROUND RELOCATED FILL PLACING SITE FILL 150 THICK REINFORCED CONCRETE SLAB ON FROM SITE MATERIAL COMPACT FILL 150 THICK COMPACTED HARD FILL ON ADE IN 250MM MAX THICK UNDISTURBED GROUND GR BED LAYERS TRU DIS BORED PILES EMBEDDED UN 1500 MINIMUM TO NATURAL GROUND 400 4500 4500 SITE BOUNDARY

A FIRST ISSUE DBM 2/02/2020 Rev Amendment By Date Mitchell Engineering Services Ltd Mechanical Design and Project Management Services PO Box 437 Drury Phone 0274 874 913 [email protected] PETER AND VAIORA ROSSER RESIDENCE RAROTONGA TYPICAL ELEVATION / CROSS SECTION Drawing004 Rev A FILE NAME: P AND V ROSSER.dft 3000 10760

RL +24.342 400 1:80 FALL STEPDOWN FALL 50 FINISHED FLOOR LEVEL RL +24.430 37 150 SLOPE AWAY FROM SLAB 150

600 600 X 400 PERIMETER BEAM 150 THICK SUSPENDED SLAB 600 X 400 INTERNAL BEAM WITH 3 DH12 BARS AT 50 COVER BOTTOM 665 MESH WITH 30 COVER TOP WITH 3 DH12 BARS AT 50 COVER BOTTOM AND 2 DH12 BARS 50 COVER TOP DH12 BARS 600 CENTRES AND 2 DH12 BARS 50 COVER TOP AND D10 STIRRUPS AT 500 CENTRES DH12 BARS 200 CENTRES 30 COVER BOTTOM AND D10 STIRRUPS AT 500 CENTRES ON 250 MICRON POLYTHENE

SITE FILL COMPACTED IN LAYERS NOT EXCEEDING 250 THIICK UNDER SUSPENDED FLOOR SLAB

400 DIAMETER REINFROCED CONCRETE PILES REFER PILE LAYOUT FOR LOCATIONS BORED MINIMUM 1500 INTO UNDISTURBED GROUND CAST IN SITU 25MPa AT 28 DAY STRENGTH CONCRETE WITH 3 X DH12 BARS AND 6MM HELICAL STIRRUP

3 / DH12 BARS

D6 HELICAL STIRRUP O 400

A FIRST ISSUE DBM 2/02/2020 Rev Amendment By Date Mitchell Engineering Services Ltd Mechanical Design and Project Management Services PO Box 437 Drury Phone 0274 874 913 [email protected] PETER AND VAIORA ROSSER RESIDENCE RAROTONGA TYPICAL SUSPENDED REINFORCED CONCRETE SLAB DETAILS Drawing005 Rev A FILE NAME: P AND V ROSSER.dft 500 3000

1:80 FALL 37 150 FINISHED FLOOR LEVEL RL +24.430 50

SLOPE AWAY FROM SLAB

REFER DRAWING 005

FOR SUSPENDED SLAB 600 AND PILE DETAILS 600 X 400 INTERNAL BEAM WITH 3 DH12 BARS AT 50 COVER BOTTOM 150 THICK SLAB ON GROUND AND 2 DH12 BARS 50 COVER TOP WITH SINGLE LAYER OF 665 MESH CENTRAL AND D10 STIRRUPS AT 500 CENTRES OVER 250 MICROM POLYTHENE OVER 150 THICK WELL COMPACTED HARD FILL 600 X 400 PERIMETER BEAM ON UNDISTURBED CLAY WITH 3 DH12 BARS AT 50 COVER BOTTOM AND 2 DH12 BARS 50 COVER TOP AND D10 STIRRUPS AT 500 CENTRES

A FIRST ISSUE DBM 2/02/2020 Rev Amendment By Date Mitchell Engineering Services Ltd Mechanical Design and Project Management Services PO Box 437 Drury Phone 0274 874 913 [email protected] PETER AND VAIORA ROSSER RESIDENCE RAROTONGA TYPICAL REINFORCED CONCRETE SLAB ON GRADE DETAILS Drawing006 Rev A FILE NAME: P AND V ROSSER.dft