Os Diplomas Anglo-Saxões

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Os Diplomas Anglo-Saxões Universidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Filosofia Letras e Ciências Humanas Departamento de História Programa de Pós-Graduação em História Social Fábio de Souza Duque Os diplomas e a governança nos reinos Anglo-Saxões: Mércia e o Wessex entre os séculos VIII e IX. (Versão Corrigida) São Paulo 2018 Universidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Filosofia Letras e Ciências Humanas Departamento de História Programa de Pós-Graduação em História Social Fábio de Souza Duque Os diplomas e a governança nos reinos Anglo-Saxões: Mércia e o Wessex entre os séculos VIII e IX. (Versão Corrigida) Dissertação apresentada para a obtenção do título de mestre em história pelo Programa de Pós- Graduação em história Social do Departamento de História da Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas da Universidade de São Paulo. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Marcelo Cândido da Silva São Paulo 2018 Autorizo a reprodução e divulgação total ou parcial deste trabalho, por qualquer meio convencional ou eletrônico, para fins de estudo e pesquisa, desde que citada a fonte. Catalogação na Publicação Serviço de Biblioteca e Documentação Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas da Universidade de São Paulo Duque, Fábio de Souza DF119d Os diplomas e a governança nos reinos Anglo- Saxões: Mércia e o Wessex entre os séculos VIII e IX. / Fábio de Souza Duque ; orientador Marcelo Cândido da Silva. - São Paulo, 2017. 245 f. Dissertação (Mestrado)- Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas da Universidade de São Paulo. Departamento de História. Área de concentração: História Social. 1. Inglaterra Anglo-Saxã. 2. Mércia. 3. Wessex. 4. Governança. I. Cândido da Silva, Marcelo , orient. II. Título. Aos meus avôs paternos Sebastião e Onézia, in memorian, que não viveram para ver a concretização desse trabalho. Os diplomas e a governança nos reinos Anglo-Saxões: Mércia e o Wessex entre os séculos VIII e IX. Resumo A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar as interações entre os reis e as elites anglo-saxãs dos reinos da Mércia e Wessex, entre os séculos VIII e IX, sob a perspectiva da governança. Para tanto, foram perscrutados os diplomas promulgados pelos reis em favor das elites em diferentes reinados entre 716, ano de ascensão do Etelbaldo da Mércia, e 899, ano de morte do rei Alfredo, o Grande. A partir da análise dos diplomas, foi possível perceber que os reis utilizaram desses documentos como meio para obter o consenso e a aquiescência das elites de maneira a viabilizar seus reinados. Foi concluído que uma maior promulgação de diplomas não se configura uma crise de governabilidade, pelo contrário, o número de diplomas concentrados em reinados considerados fortes foi justamente o que possibilitou aos reis evitar conflitos e dissenções em seus reinos. Palavras-Chaves: Inglaterra Anglo-Saxã; Mércia; Wessex; Diplomas; Governança. Royal diplomas and governance on the Anglo-Saxon kingdons: Mercia and Wessex beteween the 8th and 9th centuries. Abstract The aims of this research was analyze the interactions among Anglo-Saxons kings and elites in the kingdoms of Mercia and Wessex in the 8th-9th centuries, from the perspective of governance. For that, the royal diplomas promulgated in favor of elites on the different reings between the years of 716, year of ascension of king Ethelbald of Mércia, and 899, year of death of king Alfred the Great was scrutinized. Through the analysis of the diplomas, it was possible to observe that the kings used these documents to build up consensus and compliance of the elites to enable their reigns. It was concluded that greater enactment of diplomas does not constitute a crisis of governability; on the contrary, the number of diplomas concentrated in reigns considered strong is precisely what enabled the kings to avoid conflicts and dissentions in their kingdoms. Keywords: Anglo-Saxon England; Mercia; Wessex; Charters; Governance. Agradecimentos Nenhum trabalho intelectual é fruto de uma só pessoa, ainda que somente um indivíduo seja responsável pela redação, pensamento e esforço colocados na difícil tarefa à qual, nós, acadêmicos, nos propusemos. Outras pessoas estão por trás de cada pensamento, ideia e sentimento empregados nas páginas impressas fadadas a sobreviverem no tempo. No caminho trilhado por mim nos últimos anos, tive o prazer de conhecer, conviver e redescobrir amigos e familiares que me auxiliaram tanto intelectualmente como pessoalmente e a eles devo meus agradecimentos. Em primeiro lugar ao meu pai, Ailson, que me incentivou e permitiu trilhar o caminho escolhido, sem contestar em nenhum momento minhas decisões, disponibilizando, sempre que possível, os recursos sem os quais eu não teria sequer iniciado o mestrado. À minha mãe que me deu a vida. À minha tia Ironice, uma segunda mãe, que, sem compreender o que eu fazia em São Paulo, nunca questionou minha escolha e me apoiou desde o início, se preocupando a cada viagem que eu realizava a São Paulo. Aos meus tios Cida e Itamar. Às minhas irmãs, Vanessa e Fernanda, que dividiram os serviços domésticos comigo e pelas implicações. Sou chato, mas toda reclamação que fiz e farei é visando que vocês não cometam os mesmos erros que eu já cometi. À minha companheira, Gabriela Fazolato, pessoa que sem a qual eu não teria chegado até o fim desse caminho. Ao meu caro orientador Marcelo Cândido da Silva, por ter me aceitado como orientando, em 2013, e, de lá para cá, sempre desafiando a me superar e depositando confiança em meu trabalho, mesmo em momentos que eu duvidei. Espero não ter lhe decepcionado. Aos amigos do LEME/USP, pelas reuniões e discussões, em especial a Bruna Bengozi, Karen Torres, Vinicius Marino, Marcelo Ferrassin e Adrien Bayard. Com vocês eu aprendi o ofício do historiador e espero continuar a aprendendo nos anos que virão. Aos amigos de Juiz de Fora, Eliene Nogueira, Filipe Queiroz, Hyllo Nader, Mariana Gino, Maúcha Andrade, Rafael Bertante, Raísssa Vieira, Renato Ulhôa, Shirley Oliveira, Virna Braga e Vitor Taxa, que, “entre umas e outras”, estão presentes em minha vida desde a graduação. Ao meu caro amigo de UFJF/USP, Luiz Giacomo, amigo e parceiro intelectual. Que nossa amizade e parceria perdurem pelo tempo. Ao colega de estudos anglo-saxônicos, Renato Silva, pela leitura de alguns capítulos e pelos scans de livros. Aos juiz-foranos residente em São Paulo, Luã Cupollilo e Priscilla Chandretti, pela amizade e acolhida a cada vez que precisei ficar na cidade, sem vocês não teria conseguido cursar o mestrado, meu muito obrigado. À Jovita Noronha, professora e amiga, com quem aprendi muito e por quem nutro um enorme respeito e admiração. À minha querida professora de inglês, Lilian Magalhães, com quem aprendi a admirar a língua inglesa. Às professoras do Departamento de História da UFJF, Carla Almeida, com quem dei meus primeiros passos na vida acadêmica, Beatriz Domingues, que sempre me incentivou a perseguir minhas próprias “viagens”, e, não menos importante, Denise Nascimento, minha primeira orientadora. Ao professor Marcos Olender, amigo e companheiro de empreitadas na UFJF. À minha banca de qualificação, composta pelas professoras Verônica Silveira e Rossana Batista, obrigado pela confiança e pelas críticas que me ajudaram a crescer enquanto profissional. À minha banca de mestrado, composta pelos professores Adrien Bayard, Denise Nascimento e Fabiano Fernandes, por terem aceitado a participar dela. A CAPES pelo financiamento da pesquisa. Peço desculpas caso tenha me esquecido de mencionar alguém. Os acertos desse trabalho, eu compartilho com vocês, os erros são somente meus. Juiz de Fora, 05 de dezembro de 2017. Sumário Introdução ..................................................................................................................... 15 Capítulo 1 - Os Diplomas Anglo-Saxões ..................................................................... 26 1.1-O que é um diploma? ......................................................................................... 26 1.2-A introdução dos diplomas entre os anglo-saxões ............................................. 34 1.3-Produção e aspectos mais importantes. .............................................................. 37 1.4-Escrita e os usos dos diplomas no mundo Anglo-Saxão. ................................... 45 1.5-Preservação e transmissão. ................................................................................. 51 1.6-Conclusão ........................................................................................................... 53 Capítulo 2 – Os regimes de propriedas anglo-saxãs ..................................................... 55 2.1-Introdução .......................................................................................................... 55 2.2-Regimes de propriedades ................................................................................... 56 2.2.1-Folkland ...................................................................................................... 57 2.2.2-Bookland ..................................................................................................... 61 2.3-A “Igreja Proprietária” e o controle das terras pelas elites. ............................... 67 2.4-Conclusão ........................................................................................................... 77 Capitulo 3 - Práticas de Governança no reino da Mércia (716-899) ............................ 79 3.1-Introdução .......................................................................................................... 79 3.2-Etelbaldo (716-759)
Recommended publications
  • Outlaw: Wilderness and Exile in Old and Middle
    THE ‘BESTLI’ OUTLAW: WILDERNESS AND EXILE IN OLD AND MIDDLE ENGLISH LITERATURE A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Sarah Michelle Haughey August 2011 © 2011 Sarah Michelle Haughey THE ‘BESTLI’ OUTLAW: WILDERNESS AND EXILE IN OLD AND MIDDLE ENGLISH LITERATURE Sarah Michelle Haughey, Ph. D. Cornell University 2011 This dissertation, The ‘Bestli’ Outlaw: Wilderness and Exile in Old and Middle English Literature explores the reasons for the survival of the beast-like outlaw, a transgressive figure who highlights tensions in normative definitions of human and natural, which came to represent both the fears and the desires of a people in a state of constant negotiation with the land they inhabited. Although the outlaw’s shelter in the wilderness changed dramatically from the dense and menacing forests of Anglo-Saxon England to the bright, known, and mapped greenwood of the late outlaw romances and ballads, the outlaw remained strongly animalistic, other, and liminal, in strong contrast to premodern notions of what it meant to be human and civilized. I argue that outlaw narratives become particularly popular and poignant at moments of national political and ecological crisis—as they did during the Viking attacks of the Anglo-Saxon period, the epoch of intense natural change following the Norman Conquest, and the beginning of the market revolution at the end of the Middle Ages. Figures like the Anglo-Saxon resistance fighter Hereward, the exiled Marcher lord Fulk Fitz Waryn, and the brutal yet courtly Gamelyn and Robin Hood, represent a lost England imagined as pristine and forested.
    [Show full text]
  • The Alfred Jewel, an Historical Essay, Earle John, 1901
    F — — ALFEED JEWEL. tAv£S 3JD-6/. THE — THJ!; ALFIiED JEWEL. TIMES. TO THE EDITOR OF THE TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES. have been treading it is oir -Where so many angels Sir, —Mr. Elworthy would appear to be incapable of hnmble student to ventnre in. &tm, apprehending " perhaps rmwise for a my particular predicament in this Five another guess at the \"^^he worth whUe to make o'clock tea" controversy over the " Al frcd Jewel " jewel. which simply is that the traces of Oriental truth about the Alfred influence to be Musgrave, a Fellow of the Royal observed in its form and decoration support Professor Since 1698, when Dr. the the first notice of the jewel m Earle's contention that it was meant to be worn on a Society, published Tnmsactions"(No 247) It has been helmet. Surely this very humble suggestion is deserving f< Sophi-l " have been (1) an amulet of some consideration, especially as the " Alfred Jewel en^.ested that the jewel may a pendant to a chaan or was fastened to whatever it was attached in the same Musgrave's suggestion) ; (2) mT " " " of a roller for a M.S. ; manner as the two parts—the knop" and the flower • or head (3) an umbilicus, collar book-pomter (5) the head of a ; —of the Mo(n)gol torn were, and are, fastened together. the' top of a stilus ; U) sceptre standard; (7) the head of a ; After Professor Earle's suggestion of the purpose of 6 the top of a xs tbe " for .Alfred's helmet.
    [Show full text]
  • A Descriptive Catalogue of the Manuscripts in the Library of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge
    426 CATALOGUE OF MANUSCRIPTS [i82- Vellum, ii£x8, ff. 179+1, 29 lines to a page. Cent, xv, clearly written in a rather current hand. Collation: i flyleaf, I8 (6, 7 of cent, xvi) 2" (1-6 of cent, xvi) 38-228 (6-8 of cent, xvi) 23 (three). f. i a is finely bordered in gold and colour in characteristic English style and has decorative initial on gold ground, somewhat rubbed. Contents: Here begynneth a booke in Englissh tonge called Brute of Englonde or the cronicles of Englonde compilinge and treatynge of the saide lande etc. f. I —conteynyng cc and xxxvij chapiters. The pr(o)loge of this booke declareth and tellith howe }>is lande was furst callid Albioun —and slowe many of hem Sum tyme in the noble lande of Surr'. A fragment of the original fol. 6 (see collation above) is inserted after f. 60. At f. 151 (ch. 239: death of Edward III) is a note by Parker: hie terminatur unus liber (a reference to no. 174). Ends with ch. 245: restid him in the castell tille the toun was sette in Rule and Goueranase (!). Colophon (xvi). Expl. usque ad annum 7m Henrici quinti. The last edition is by Dr F. Brie (E. E. T. S.). On a fly-leaf is a Parkerian note from Goscelin's Life of St Augustine, and the Scala Chronica. 183. BEDAE VITA CUTHBERTI. J Under D. 5 GENEALOGIAE ETC. \ T. James 369 Codex membranaceus in 4*°, vetustioribus literis Saxonicis Latine scriptus, in quo continentur, Vellum, 11^ x 7^, ff.
    [Show full text]
  • Memorials of Old Dorset
    :<X> CM \CO = (7> ICO = C0 = 00 [>• CO " I Hfek^M, Memorials of the Counties of England General Editor : Rev. P. H. Ditchfield, M.A., F.S.A. Memorials of Old Dorset ?45H xr» MEMORIALS OF OLD DORSET EDITED BY THOMAS PERKINS, M.A. Late Rector of Turnworth, Dorset Author of " Wimborne Minster and Christchurch Priory" ' " Bath and Malmesbury Abbeys" Romsey Abbey" b*c. AND HERBERT PENTIN, M.A. Vicar of Milton Abbey, Dorset Vice-President, Hon. Secretary, and Editor of the Dorset Natural History and Antiquarian Field Club With many Illustrations LONDON BEMROSE & SONS LIMITED, 4 SNOW HILL, E.C. AND DERBY 1907 [All Rights Reserved] TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE LORD EUSTACE CECIL, F.R.G.S. PAST PRESIDENT OF THE DORSET NATURAL HISTORY AND ANTIQUARIAN FIELD CLUB THIS BOOK IS DEDICATED BY HIS LORDSHIP'S KIND PERMISSION PREFACE editing of this Dorset volume was originally- THEundertaken by the Rev. Thomas Perkins, the scholarly Rector of Turnworth. But he, having formulated its plan and written four papers therefor, besides gathering material for most of the other chapters, was laid aside by a very painful illness, which culminated in his unexpected death. This is a great loss to his many friends, to the present volume, and to the county of for Mr. Perkins knew the as Dorset as a whole ; county few men know it, his literary ability was of no mean order, and his kindness to all with whom he was brought in contact was proverbial. After the death of Mr. Perkins, the editing of the work was entrusted to the Rev.
    [Show full text]
  • Did England's King Alfred the Great Send Two Envoys to Christian
    Did England’s King Alfred the Great send two envoys to Christian shrines in India in 9th century? A passage in the ‘Anglo-Saxon Chronicle’ has long been the subject of intrigue. Could it have been true? And what does it tell us about Christianity in India? Philip Jelley/Wikimedia Commons [Licensed under CC BY 3.0] One of the more intriguing references to early medieval contacts between Britain and the wider world is found in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, which mentions a late ninth- century AD embassy to India that was supposedly sent by King Alfred the Great. The following post offers a quick discussion of the evidence for this voyage before going on to consider its potential context and feasibility. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle entry for 883 AD in MS F, which refers to Alfred sending alms to the shrines of St Thomas in India and St Bartholomew (Image: British Library, Cotton MS Domitian A VIII, f. 55v). According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle for AD 883, King Alfred of Wessex sent two men, Sigehelm and Æthelstan, overseas with alms to carry both to Rome and to the shrines of “St Thomas in India/Indea and to St Bartholomew”, fulfilling a promise made when he besieged a Viking raiding-army at London (MSS D, E & F; also mentioned with additional details by William of Malmesbury and John of Worcester, see below). 883: Sigehelm and Athelstan took to Rome – and also to St Thomas in India and to St Bartholomew – the alms which King Alfred had vowed to send there when they besieged the raiding-army in London; and there, by the grace of God, they were very successful in obtaining their prayers in accordance with those vows.
    [Show full text]
  • Original Charters Relating to the City of Worcester : in Possession of The
    SKETCH sf MEDIEVAL a>da.pted yroiry Littleb\jry's ^diyWfess T^/5MA.RTlVs Priory Ferry. ST JOHN'S \ ST PETERS. 1. Sidbury or Sothebury. 18. St. Alboneslone. 37. Way to the Bromyards. 2. Frog Lane. 19. Church of St. Helen. 38. Dolday. 3. Grene l.ane. 20. St. Mariestrele. 39. Angel Strete. 4. Site of Castle. 21. Frercnstrete. 40. Trinity Lane. 5. Great Gale. 22. The Water Wharfe. 41. The Golde Cross. 6. Castle Lane. 23. CoUestrete. 42. Samson's Stile. 7. Le Sanctuarye. 24. Hucksterestret. 43. The Garden i\farket. 8. CATHEDRAL and Priory of the 25. Nelderestrete. 44. St. Nicholas" Church. Blessed Marie. 26. Gloversstrete. 45. St. Clement's Church. 9. Bishop's Palace. 27. Keyenstrete. 46. The Cornchepynge. 10. Church of St. Peter the Grent. 28. Poywykeslone. 47. Baxsterstrete. 1 1 . Cemetery Stairs. 29. St. Andrew's Church. 48. Mealchepyngestrele. 12. Siche Lone. 30. St. Alban's Chapel. 49. Cornchepyngestrete. 13. Church of St. Michael in Bedwar- 31. Bridpott. 50. St. Swithin's Church. dyne. 32. Rotherchepynge. 51. The Uyldchalle. 14. St. Mane's Stayr. 33. Enort. 52. Hospital of St. Wulstan. 15. Stodemcrysknolle. 34. Wodestante Strete. 53. Hospital of St. Oswald. 16. Bishop's Street. 35. Houndeslone. 54. Okie gaol lane. 17. All Saints' Church. 36. Shipmonslone. 55. St. Martin's Church. ORIGINAL CHARTERS RELATING TO THE CITY OF WORCESTER. I IN POSSESSION OF THE DEAN AND CHAPTER, AND BY THEM PRESERVED IN THE CATHEDRAL LIBRARY. EDITED FOR THE WORCESTERSHIRE HISTORICAL SOCIETY BY THE REV. J. HARVEY BLOOM, M.A., Rector of Whilchurch, in the County of Warwick.
    [Show full text]
  • Remains, Historical & Literary
    GENEALOGY COLLECTION Cj^ftljnm ^Ofiftg, ESTABLISHED MDCCCXLIII. FOR THE PUBLICATION OF HISTORICAL AND LITERARY REMAINS CONNECTED WITH THE PALATINE COUNTIES OF LANCASTER AND CHESTEE. patrons. The Right Hon. and Most Rev. The ARCHBISHOP of CANTERURY. His Grace The DUKE of DEVONSHIRE, K.G.' The Rt. Rev. The Lord BISHOP of CHESTER. The Most Noble The MARQUIS of WESTMINSTER, The Rf. Hon. LORD DELAMERE. K.G. The Rt. Hon. LORD DE TABLEY. The Rt. Hon. The EARL of DERBY, K.G. The Rt. Hon. LORD SKELMERSDALE. The Rt. Hon. The EARL of CRAWFORD AND The Rt. Hon. LORD STANLEY of Alderlev. BALCARRES. SIR PHILIP DE M ALPAS GREY EGERTON, The Rt. Hon. LORD STANLEY, M.P. Bart, M.P. The Rt. Rev. The Lord BISHOP of CHICHESTER. GEORGE CORNWALL LEGH, Esq , M,P. The Rt. Rev. The Lord BISHOP of MANCHESTER JOHN WILSON PATTEN, Esq., MP. MISS ATHERTON, Kersall Cell. OTounctl. James Crossley, Esq., F.S.A., President. Rev. F. R. Raines, M.A., F.S.A., Hon. Canon of ^Manchester, Vice-President. William Beamont. Thomas Heywood, F.S.A. The Very Rev. George Hull Bowers, D.D., Dean of W. A. Hulton. Manchester. Rev. John Howard Marsden, B.D., Canon of Man- Rev. John Booker, M.A., F.S.A. Chester, Disney Professor of Classical Antiquities, Rev. Thomas Corser, M.A., F.S.A. Cambridge. John Hakland, F.S.A. Rev. James Raine, M.A. Edward Hawkins, F.R.S., F.S.A., F.L.S. Arthur H. Heywood, Treasurer. William Langton, Hon. Secretary. EULES OF THE CHETHAM SOCIETY. 1.
    [Show full text]
  • The Danish Wars and the Establishment of the Borough and County of Buckingham
    THE DANISH WARS AND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE BOROUGH AND COUNTY OF BUCKINGHAM ARNOLD H. J. BAINES The Mercians, whose administration had been shattered by the Danish invasions, accepted A If red as their king in 886, and his treaty with Gu thrum of that year defined the Danelaw boundary. Where his writ ran, Alfred regulated the burdens of taxation and military service by reference to 5- and 10-hide units, in a scheme that enabled him to maintain a mobile field force with rotating levies. At the same time a corresponding Danish system was being imposed on the areas of Mercia relinquished to the Danes. The Hundred of Stodfold between the Great Ouse and Whittlewood Forest was occupied in part by detachments of the Danish army of Northampton, and this accounts for the presence of Danish reckoning alongside English in that hundred. The Stodfold Danes submitted to Edward the Elder in 914, the rest of the army of Northampton in 917. In Stodfold, 6-carucate and 5-hide units appear from the Domesday returns to have been of roughly equal economic value; each hide was therefore some 20% more valuable than a carucate, and when carucates were treated as hides for taxation their burden was proportionately greater. The area contributing to the defence of Edward's burh of Buckingham was defined by the number of men needed to man the perimeter of that stronghold; though originally a military command rather than a civil jurisdiction, this area gave rise to the county, to which the Chiltern Hundreds were soon added.
    [Show full text]
  • Foxhunting and the Landscape Between 1700 and 1900; with Particular Reference to Norfolk and Shropshire
    Foxhunting and the landscape between 1700 and 1900; with particular reference to Norfolk and Shropshire Jane Bevan Degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of East Anglia School of History October 2011 This copy of the thesis has been supplied on the condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with the author and that no quotation from the thesis, nor any information derived from it, may be published without acknowledgement Abstract This thesis explores the history of foxhunting from 1700 to 1900. It examines how perceptions of an ideal hunting country, and what constituted an elite quarry, altered in tandem with alterations to the English lowland countryside. The relationship between the landscape and changes bought about by the upheaval of enclosure and agricultural development are discussed, in the context of the evolution in practice and geographical spread of foxhunting, at a national, regional and county-wide level. Several long-held beliefs are challenged. The social history of foxhunting and the increased participation of both ‘polite’ urban neophytes and prosperous tenant farmers during the two centuries is compared with the declining involvement of women. The impact of hunt clubs and the rise of subscription packs in the two study areas is contrasted. The influence of changes in the landscape on foxhunting is considered alongside the reciprocal impact of foxhunters manipulating the physical surroundings to enhance their sport. A detailed study of the history of hunting and its most iconic feature, the covert, in Norfolk and Shropshire highlights the importance of landowners control over the countryside.
    [Show full text]
  • Edward Hasted the History and Topographical Survey of the County
    Edward Hasted The history and topographical survey of the county of Kent, second edition, volume 5 Canterbury 1798 <i> THE HISTORY AND TOPOGRAPHICAL SURVEY OF THE COUNTY OF KENT. CONTAINING THE ANTIENT AND PRESENT STATE OF IT, CIVIL AND ECCLESIASTICAL; COLLECTED FROM PUBLIC RECORDS, AND OTHER AUTHORITIES: ILLUSTRATED WITH MAPS, VIEWS, ANTIQUITIES, &c. THE SECOND EDITION, IMPROVED, CORRECTED, AND CONTINUED TO THE PRESENT TIME. By EDWARD HASTED, Esq. F. R. S. and S. A. LATE OF CANTERBURY. Ex his omnibus, longe sunt humanissimi qui Cantium incolunt. Fortes creantur fortibus et bonis, Nec imbellem feroces progenerant. VOLUME V. CANTERBURY: PRINTED BY W. BRISTOW, ON THE PARADE. M.DCC.XCVIII. <ii> <blank> <iii> TO CHARLES SMALL PYBUS, Esq. ONE OF THE RIGHT HONORABLE THE LORDS COMMISSIONERS OF HIS MAJESTY’s TREASURY, AND MEMBER OF PARLIAMENT FOR THE TOWN AND PORT OF DOVER, &c. &c. SIR, YOUR partiality to a county, of which this is a History, has given me hopes, that the Dedication of this part of it to you will not be looked upon in an unacceptable light. The continued assistance and li= beral encouragement which you have favored me with in the progress of my larger History, and the many other essential marks of friendship which you iv have honored me with, cannot but flatter me with those hopes. You are besides, Sir, materially con= nected with the county, by the important station which you have so long held in representing the town and port of Dover, to the universal satisfaction of your constituents, who, confident of your attachment to the best of kings, and the happy constitution of this country, (an attachment which you have perse= vered in with unabated constancy) have continued their approbation of your conduct by repeatedly chusing you, with the same fervent zeal, in two suc= cessive parliaments.
    [Show full text]
  • The Anglo-Saxon and Norman "Eigenkirche" and the Ecclesiastical Policy of William I
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1981 The Anglo-Saxon and Norman "Eigenkirche" and the Ecclesiastical Policy of William I. Albert Simeon Cote Jr Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Cote, Albert Simeon Jr, "The Anglo-Saxon and Norman "Eigenkirche" and the Ecclesiastical Policy of William I." (1981). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 3675. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/3675 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This was produced from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or “target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is “ Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure you of complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark it is an indication that the film inspector noticed either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, or duplicate copy.
    [Show full text]
  • Foxton Neighbourhood Development Plan: Submission
    ABSTRACT The Foxton Neighbourhood Plan has given the chance for all residents and businesses to have their say on future development within the parish and influence how their neighbourhood evolves. By working together, FOXTON we have ensured that the area develops in a way that meets the needs of everyone. NEIGHBOURHOOD DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2016-2031 Foxton Neighbourhood Development Plan: Submission Contents 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................... 1 Neighbourhood Plans ...................................................................................................... 1 The Foxton Neighbourhood Plan Area ......................................................................... 1 How we prepared the Plan ............................................................................................. 1 Sustainable Development ............................................................................................... 4 Key Issues ............................................................................................................................ 4 Vision ................................................................................................................................... 5 Objectives .......................................................................................................................... 5 Implementation ................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]