DOCSLIB.ORG

Field Guide to Philippine Mangroves (3.43

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Field Guide to Philippine Mangroves (3.43 a b Mangrove species in this field guide are sorted by genera. Closeup photographs of distinctive features (leaves, flowers, fruits, bark, roots) are provided for visual comparison to facilitate identification of species. J. H. Primavera, Ph. D. Photos from: Primavera JH, Sadaba RS, Lebata MJHL, Altamirano JP. 2004. Handbook of Mangroves in the Philippines - Panay. SEAFDEC/AQD and UNESCO, unless specified otherwise. Copyright © 2009 JH Primavera and RDB Dianala 1 2 PREFACE Awareness of mangrove importance, particularly for Aquaculture Department, and published by the coastal protection, has grown among the general Zoological Society of London-Philippines. public over the past several years. In turn, this Seeing the vitality of this field guide, Philippine has led to numerous planting initiatives by various Tropical Forest Conservation Foundation, Inc. (PTFCF) groups. However, most of these programs did not partnered with ZSL-Philippines and Foundation for yield positive results mainly due to lack of science- Communication Initiatives (FOCI) in repackaging this guided protocols, particularly on what species to field guide for distribution to groups and individuals grow under certain conditions. keen on mangrove rehabilitation. Together with This field guide is an attempt towards broader the “Community-based Mangrove Rehabilitation awareness and appreciation of the common Training Manual” and posters, this hopes to increase mangroves found in the Philippines. It is based prospects of success for mangrove rehabilitation on the original material, “Field Guide to Philippine efforts, particularly in areas hit by Super Typhoon Mangroves,” developed with support from the Pew Yolanda, the most destructive typhoon ever recorded Fellows Program in Marine Conservation and SEAFDEC in modern history. 3 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Acanthus Acanthus Local names: lagiwliw, ragoyroy FAMILY ACANTHACEAE FAMILY Acanthus Acanthus Acanthus ebracteatus ilicifolius volubilis Acanthus 4 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Acrostichum FAMILY PTERIDACEAE FAMILY Tips of leaves blunt Tips of leaves elongated to pointed Acrostichum Acrostichum Acrostichum aureum speciosum Local name: palaypay Local name: palaypay 55 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Aegiceras FAMILY MYRSINACEAE FAMILY Aegiceras Aegiceras corniculatum Local names: saging-saging, tinduk-tindukan Fruits curved 6 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Aegiceras Aegiceras floridum Local names: saging-saging, tinduk-tindukan FAMILY MYRSINACEAE FAMILY Aegiceras Fruits straight 77 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Avicennia Avicennia alba Local names: bungalon, apiapi, miapi FAMILY AVICENNIACEAE FAMILY Avicennia 8 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Avicennia FAMILY AVICENNIACEAE FAMILY Avicennia Avicennia marina Local names: bungalon, apiapi, miapi 99 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Avicennia Avicennia officinalis Local names: bungalon, apiapi, miapi FAMILY AVICENNIACEAE FAMILY Avicennia 10 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Avicennia Hairy, brownish leaf FAMILY AVICENNIACEAE FAMILY undersurface, hairy fruit Avicennia Avicennia rumphiana Local names: bungalon, apiapi, miapi 1111 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Brownlowia FAMILY TILIACEAE FAMILY Brownlowia Brownlowia tersa Local name: maragomon 12 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Bruguiera FAMILY RHIZOPHORACEAE FAMILY Bruguiera Bruguiera cylindrica Local names: pototan, busain 1313 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Bruguiera FAMILY RHIZOPHORACEAE FAMILY Bruguiera Bruguiera gymnorrhiza Local names: pototan, busain 14 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Bruguiera FAMILY RHIZOPHORACEAE FAMILY Bruguiera Bruguiera parviflora Local name: langarai 1515 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Bruguiera FAMILY RHIZOPHORACEAE FAMILY Bruguiera Bruguiera sexangula Local name: pototan 16 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Camptostemon philippinensis FAMILY BOMBACACEAE FAMILY Camptostemon philippinensis Local name: gapas-gapas Camptostemon philippinensis 1717 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Ceriops Ceriops FAMILY RHIZOPHORACEAE FAMILY Ceriops decandra Local name: baras-baras 18 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Ceriops Ceriops FAMILY RHIZOPHORACEAE FAMILY Ceriops tagal Local names: tungog, tangal 1919 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Excoecaria agallocha Male flowers FAMILY EUPHORBIACEAE FAMILY Leaves with milky sap Female flowers Excoecaria agallocha Local names: lipata, buta-buta Excoecaria agallocha Fruits 20 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Heritiera littoralis FAMILY STERCULIACEAE FAMILY Leaves with light undersurface Heritiera littoralis Heritiera littoralis Local name: dungon Photo by: M. J. H. Lebata 2121 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Kandelia candel Photo by: Kandelia candel W. G. Licuanan Found only in Baler and Casiguran Bay, Aurora Photo by: W. G. Licuanan FAMILY RHIZOPHORACEAE FAMILY Kandelia candel Photo by: N. Duke 22 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Lumnitzera Lumnitzera littorea Local names: tabao, culasi FAMILY COMBRETACEAE FAMILY Lumnitzera 2323 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Lumnitzera FAMILY COMBRETACEAE FAMILY Lumnitzera Lumnitzera racemosa Local names: tabao, culasi 24 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Nypa fruticans Nypa fruticans Local names: nipa, sasa FAMILY ARECACEAE FAMILY Nypa fruticans 2525 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Osbornia octodonta FAMILY MYRTACEAE FAMILY Osbornia octodonta Local names: tawalis, bunot-bunot Osbornia octodonta 26 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Pemphis acidula FAMILY LYTHRACEAE FAMILY Pemphis acidula Pemphis acidula Pemphis Local name: bantigi 2727 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Rhizophora FAMILY RHIZOPHORACEAE FAMILY Rhizophora Rhizophora apiculata Local name: bakhaw lalaki 28 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Rhizophora FAMILY RHIZOPHORACEAE FAMILY Rhizophora Rhizophora mucronata Local name: bakhaw babae 2929 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Rhizophora FAMILY RHIZOPHORACEAE FAMILY Rhizophora Rhizophora stylosa Local name: bakhaw bato 30 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea FAMILY RUBIACEAE FAMILY Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea Local name: nilad Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea 3131 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Sonneratia FAMILY SONNERATIACEAE FAMILY Sonneratia Sonneratia alba Local name: pagatpat 32 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Sonneratia FAMILY SONNERATIACEAE FAMILY Sonneratia Sonneratia caseolaris Local name: pedada 3333 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Sonneratia FAMILY SONNERATIACEAE FAMILY Sonneratia Sonneratia ovata Local name: pedada 34 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Xylocarpus FAMILY MELIACEAE FAMILY Xylocarpus Xylocarpus granatum Local name: tabigi 3535 FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Xylocarpus FAMILY MELIACEAE FAMILY Xylocarpus Xylocarpus moluccensis Local name: piag-ao 36 PTFCF’s FOREST AND COMMUNITY REHABILITATION PROGRAM On November 8, 2013, Super Typhoon Yolanda (International name: Haiyan) hit the Philippines. It was the strongest and most destructive typhoon the country has experienced in recent history. It destroyed infrastructure, human habitations and livelihoods. To date, government authorities continue to validate the total death toll. Super Typhoon Yolanda also left various ecosystems, such as mangrove and beach forests damaged. In response to calls for support towards ecosystems rehabilitation, the Philippine Tropical Forest Conservation Foundation, Inc. (PTFCF) implemented its Forest and Community Rehabilitation Program. This program aspires to support efforts in the Yolanda-affected provinces of Capiz, Iloilo, Leyte, Eastern Samar and Northern Palawan by providing grants and technical assistance to people’s organizations (POs) and non-government organizations (NGOs) for ecosystems assessment, capacity building, actual forest protection and rehabilitation activities, and advocacy campaigns, among others. It was observed from assessments and field visits after Yolanda that many organizations are taking part in mangrove rehabilitation. The unfortunate truth however, is that some of these projects were against the natural growth and survival of mangroves. This prompted the PTFCF to partner with Zoological Society of London (ZSL)-Philippines and Foundation for Communication Initiatives, Inc. (FOCI) to implement a strategic communications project that aspires to disseminate the right information to the right people through proper knowledge management. Part of the project is this updated and enhanced Field Guide to Philippine Mangroves by J.H. Primavera, PhD. This field guide is based on the original material, “Field Guide to Philippine Mangroves,” developed with support from the Pew Fellows Program in Marine Conservation and SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department, and published by the Zoological Society of London. This field guide, together with Community-based Mangrove Rehabilitation Training Manual and posters will be distributed in Capiz, Iloilo, Eastern Samar, Northern Palawan, and other Yolanda-affected areas. 37 The Philippine Tropical Forest Conservation Foundation, Inc. (PTFCF) THE ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON was established under two bilateral agreements between the governments of the United States of America and the Republic of the The Zoological Society of London (ZSL), a charity founded in 1826, Philippines under the U.S. Tropical Forest Conservation Act (TFCA). is a world-renowned centre of excellence for conservation science PTFCF works towards biologically diverse Philippine forests that and applied
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Bruguiera Gymnorrhiza (Largeleaf Mangrove, Oriental Mangrove) Answer Score
    Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (Largeleaf mangrove, Oriental mangrove) Answer Score 1.01 Is the species highly domesticated? n 0 1.02 Has the species become naturalised where grown? 1.03 Does the species have weedy races? 2.01 Species suited to FL climates (USDA hardiness zones; 0-low, 1-intermediate, 2- 2 high) 2.02 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) 2 2.03 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y 1 2.04 Native or naturalized in regions with an average of 11-60 inches of annual y 1 precipitation 2.05 Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural n range? 3.01 Naturalized beyond native range n 0 3.02 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n 0 3.03 Weed of agriculture n 0 3.04 Environmental weed ? 3.05 Congeneric weed 4.01 Produces spines, thorns or burrs n 0 4.02 Allelopathic y 1 4.03 Parasitic n 0 4.04 Unpalatable to grazing animals 4.05 Toxic to animals n 0 4.06 Host for recognised pests and pathogens n 0 4.07 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans n 0 4.08 Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems n 0 4.09 Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle y 1 4.10 Grows on infertile soils (oligotrophic, limerock, or excessively draining soils). n 0 North & Central Zones: infertile soils; South Zone: shallow limerock or Histisols. 4.11 Climbing or smothering growth habit n 0 4.12 Forms dense thickets n 0 5.01 Aquatic y 5 5.02 Grass n 0 5.03 Nitrogen fixing woody plant n 0 5.04 Geophyte n 0 6.01 Evidence of substantial reproductive failure in native habitat
    [Show full text]
  • A Comparison of the Water Quality Between the Mangrove Areas Mulyorejo and Wonorejo
    MATEC Web of Conferences 177, 01014 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817701014 ISOCEEN 2017 A comparison of the water quality between the mangrove areas Mulyorejo and Wonorejo Luc Kauhl1,3 , Kayleigh Lambregts1,3,* , and Suntoyo2 1Exchange student, Ocean Engineering Department, Faculty of Marine Technology, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Surabaya, Indonesia (60111) 2Associate Professor, Ocean Engineering Department, Faculty of Marine Technology, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Surabaya, Indonesia (60111) 3Student, Delta Acadamy, HZ University of Applied Sciences, Edisonweg 4, 4382 NW Vlissingen, The Netherlands Abstract. The East Coast of Surabaya consists of large mangrove and fish pond areas. These areas are crucial for the ecosystem and for providing food and shelter for the local community. If the water quality decreases the mangroves will not be able to provide these functions. The water quality of these areas can be measured in two ways: by looking at the physico-chemical parameters or by looking at the biological parameters. Both offer a very good view of what state the area is in. The purpose of this study is to find out what the differences are between the Mulyorejo and the Wonorejo areas to see what differences there are within the East Coast of Surabaya and what could be the main cause of these differences. The data shows that the physico- chemical data does not comply with the limitation factors. The main problem are the nutrients which will have to be lowered to preserve the ecosystem. In terms of the biological state of the mangrove, there are few problems found. It is, however, unclear why the tree density in one of the Wonorejo areas is declining and it should be determined what the reason for this is.
    [Show full text]
  • Acrostichum Aureum Linn
    International Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences ISSN: 2321-3272 (Print), ISSN: 2230-7605 (Online) IJPBS | Volume 8 | Issue 2 | APR-JUN | 2018 | 452-456 Research Article | Biological Sciences | Open Access | MCI Approved| |UGC Approved Journal | A PHYLOGENETIC INSIGHT INTO THE FERN RHIZOSPHERE OF Acrostichum aureum Linn. *S Rahaman1, A R Bera1, V Vishal1, P K Singh2,4 and S Ganguli3 1Department of Botany, Bangabasi Evening College, Kolkata, India 2Computational Biology Unit, The Biome, Kolkata - 64, India 3Theoretical and Computational Biology Division, Amplicon-IIST, Palta, India 4Current Address: The Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Kolkata *Corresponding Author Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Abstract: Fern rhizosphere has not been explored in great detail due to the lack of proper definition of the rhizosphere of the mostly epiphytic group. This work uses metagenomic sequencing, for assessing the rhizosphere of the only reported terrestrial mangrove fern Acrostichum aureum Linn. from the Indian Sunderbans. Targeted sequencing of the V3 - V4 region using Illumina Hiseq was performed and the analyses of the sequenced files revealed the presence of a wide variety of microbial members with the highest belonging to Proteobacteria superphyla. We believe that this is the first phylogenetic assessment of the Fern rhizosphere and should provide us with valuable insights into the quality of microbial assemblage available in this particular niche. KEY WORDS Fern Metagenomics, Rhizosphere, Phylogenetic Analyses, KRAKEN. INTRODUCTION: for example - biofilm production, conjugation and The soil around the roots of plants was defined as the symbiosis and virulence (Miller and Bassler 2001) rhizosphere which has gained importance due to the Mangrove forests are classified into six distinct presence of both growth promoting and pathogenic categories.
    [Show full text]
  • Avicennia Marina Mangrove Forest
    MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Published June 6 Mar Ecol Prog Ser Resource competition between macrobenthic epifauna and infauna in a Kenyan Avicennia marina mangrove forest J. Schrijvers*,H. Fermon, M. Vincx University of Gent, Department of Morphology, Systematics and Ecology, Marine Biology Section, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium ABSTRACT: A cage exclusion experiment was used to examine the interaction between the eplbenthos (permanent and vls~tlng)and the macroinfauna of a high intertidal Kenyan Avicennia marina man- grove sediment. Densities of Ollgochaeta (families Tubificidae and Enchytraeidae), Amphipoda, Insecta larvae, Polychaeta and macro-Nematoda, and a broad range of environmental factors were fol- lowed over 5 mo of caging. A significant increase of amphipod and insect larvae densities in the cages indicated a positive exclusion effect, while no such effect was observed for oligochaetes (Tubificidae in particular), polychaetes or macronematodes. Resource competitive interactions were a plausible expla- nation for the status of the amphipod community. This was supported by the parallel positive exclusion effect detected for microalgal densities. It is therelore hypothesized that competition for microalgae and deposited food sources is the determining structuring force exerted by the epibenthos on the macrobenthic infauna. However, the presence of epibenthic predation cannot be excluded. KEY WORDS: Macrobenthos . Infauna . Epibenthos - Exclusion experiment . Mangroves . Kenya INTRODUCTION tioned that these areas are intensively used by epiben- thic animals as feeding grounds, nursery areas and Exclusion experiments are a valuable tool for detect- shelters (Hutchings & Saenger 1987).In order to assess ing the influence of epibenthic animals on endobenthic the importance of the endobenthic community under communities.
    [Show full text]
  • 261 Comparative Morphology and Anatomy of Few Mangrove Species
    261 International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management 2012, 3(1):001-017 Comparative Morphology and Anatomy of Few Mangrove Species in Sundarbans, West Bengal, India and its Adaptation to Saline Habitat Humberto Gonzalez Rodriguez1, Bholanath Mondal2, N. C. Sarkar3, A. Ramaswamy4, D. Rajkumar4 and R. K. Maiti4 1Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Carr. Nac. No. 85, Km 145, Linares, N.L. Mexico 2Department of Plant Protection, Palli Siksha Bhavana, Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan (731 236), West Bengal, India 3Department of Agronomy, SASRD, Nagaland University, Medziphema campus, Medziphema (PO), DImapur (797 106), India 4Vibha Seeds, Inspire, Plot#21, Sector 1, Huda Techno Enclave, High Tech City Road, Madhapur, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh (500 081), India Article History Abstract Manuscript No. 261 Mangroves cover large areas of shoreline in the tropics and subtropics where they Received in 30th January, 2012 are important components in the productivity and integrity of their ecosystems. High Received in revised form 9th February, 2012 variability is observed among the families of mangroves. Structural adaptations include Accepted in final form th4 March, 2012 pneumatophores, thick leaves, aerenhyma in root helps in surviving under flooded saline conditions. There is major inter- and intraspecific variability among mangroves. In this paper described morpho-anatomical characters helps in identification of family Correspondence to and genus and species of mangroves. Most of the genus have special type of roots which include Support roots of Rhizophora, Pnematophores of Avicennia, Sonneratia, Knee *E-mail: [email protected] roots of Bruguiera, Ceriops, Buttress roots of Xylocarpus. Morpho-anatomically the leaves show xerophytic characteristics.
    [Show full text]
  • Outline of Angiosperm Phylogeny
    Outline of angiosperm phylogeny: orders, families, and representative genera with emphasis on Oregon native plants Priscilla Spears December 2013 The following listing gives an introduction to the phylogenetic classification of the flowering plants that has emerged in recent decades, and which is based on nucleic acid sequences as well as morphological and developmental data. This listing emphasizes temperate families of the Northern Hemisphere and is meant as an overview with examples of Oregon native plants. It includes many exotic genera that are grown in Oregon as ornamentals plus other plants of interest worldwide. The genera that are Oregon natives are printed in a blue font. Genera that are exotics are shown in black, however genera in blue may also contain non-native species. Names separated by a slash are alternatives or else the nomenclature is in flux. When several genera have the same common name, the names are separated by commas. The order of the family names is from the linear listing of families in the APG III report. For further information, see the references on the last page. Basal Angiosperms (ANITA grade) Amborellales Amborellaceae, sole family, the earliest branch of flowering plants, a shrub native to New Caledonia – Amborella Nymphaeales Hydatellaceae – aquatics from Australasia, previously classified as a grass Cabombaceae (water shield – Brasenia, fanwort – Cabomba) Nymphaeaceae (water lilies – Nymphaea; pond lilies – Nuphar) Austrobaileyales Schisandraceae (wild sarsaparilla, star vine – Schisandra; Japanese
    [Show full text]
  • Colonization Success of Common Thai Mangrove Species As a Function of Shelter from Water Movement
    MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Vol. 237: 111–120, 2002 Published July 18 Mar Ecol Prog Ser Colonization success of common Thai mangrove species as a function of shelter from water movement Udomluck Thampanya1, Jan E. Vermaat2,*, Carlos M. Duarte3 1Coastal Resources Institute, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand 2International Institute for Infrastructural, Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Delft, The Netherlands 3IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados, CSIC-Universidad, Illes Balears, C/Miguel Margués 21, 07190 Esporles, Mallorca, Spain ABSTRACT: Seedling survival and growth of the 3 common SE Asian mangrove species Avicennia alba, Rhizophora mucronata and Sonneratia caseolaris were quantified experimentally along 2 spatial gradients of shelter: (1) between 2 stations, at the inner and outer end of the sheltered Pak Phanang Bay (SW Thailand); and (2) for each station, among plots across a gradient of vegetation density from the mangrove forest edge inwards. Exposure to water movement, quantified as gypsum clod card weight loss, was found to vary more than 5-fold between seasons, which contributed most of the variance accounted for (73%). Variation between plots was higher than that between the 2 sta- tions: clod card loss ranged between 3.0 and 4.6 g d–1 in the plots, whereas the grand means of the 2 stations were 3.4 and 3.7 g d–1, respectively. These differences between stations and plots were com- parable to the patterns found for mangrove seedling survival. Survival was high (80 to 93%) in most treatments in R. mucronata, with the exception of the most exposed plot (30%).
    [Show full text]
  • Incorporating the Plant Phenological Trajectory Into Mangrove Species Mapping with Dense Time Series Sentinel-2 Imagery and the Google Earth Engine Platform
    remote sensing Article Incorporating the Plant Phenological Trajectory into Mangrove Species Mapping with Dense Time Series Sentinel-2 Imagery and the Google Earth Engine Platform Huiying Li 1,2, Mingming Jia 1,3,4,* , Rong Zhang 1, Yongxing Ren 1,5 and Xin Wen 1,5 1 Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; [email protected] (H.L.); zrfi[email protected] (R.Z.); [email protected] (Y.R.); [email protected] (X.W.) 2 School of Management Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China 3 State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China 4 National Earth System Science Data Center, Beijing 100101, China 5 College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 12 September 2019; Accepted: 22 October 2019; Published: 24 October 2019 Abstract: Information on mangrove species composition and distribution is key to studying functions of mangrove ecosystems and securing sustainable mangrove conservation. Even though remote sensing technology is developing rapidly currently, mapping mangrove forests at the species level based on freely accessible images is still a great challenge. This study built a Sentinel-2 normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) time series (from 2017-01-01 to 2018-12-31) to represent phenological trajectories of mangrove species and then demonstrated the feasibility of phenology-based mangrove species classification using the random forest algorithm in the Google Earth Engine platform. It was found that (i) in Zhangjiang estuary, the phenological trajectories (NDVI time series) of different mangrove species have great differences; (ii) the overall accuracy and Kappa confidence of the classification map is 84% and 0.84, respectively; and (iii) Months in late winter and early spring play critical roles in mangrove species mapping.
    [Show full text]
  • Influence of Propagule Flotation Longevity and Light
    Influence of Propagule Flotation Longevity and Light Availability on Establishment of Introduced Mangrove Species in Hawai‘i1 James A. Allen2,3 and Ken W. Krauss2,4,5 Abstract: Although no mangrove species are native to the Hawaiian Archipel- ago, both Rhizophora mangle and Bruguiera sexangula were introduced and have become naturalized. Rhizophora mangle has spread to almost every major Ha- waiian island, but B. sexangula has established only on O‘ahu, where it was inten- tionally introduced. To examine the possibility that differences in propagule characteristics maintain these patterns of distribution, we first reviewed the lit- erature on surface currents around the Hawaiian Islands, which suggest that propagules ought to disperse frequently from one island to another within 60 days. We then tested the ability of propagules of the two species to float for pe- riods of up to 63 days and to establish under two light intensities. On average, R. mangle propagules floated for longer periods than those of B. sexangula, but at least some propagules of both species floated for a full 60 days and then rooted and grew for 4 months under relatively dense shade. A large percentage (@83%) of R. mangle propagules would be expected to float beyond 60 days, and approx- imately 10% of B. sexangula propagules also would have remained afloat. There- fore, it seems likely that factors other than flotation ability are responsible for the failure of B. sexangula to become established on other Hawaiian islands. The Hawaiian Archipelago, located in Mangrove species were first introduced to the central Pacific Ocean between 18 and Hawai‘i in 1902, when Rhizophora mangle L.
    [Show full text]
  • Leaflet No.25. Kyaw Win Maung.Pdf
    1 Leaflet No. 25/2015 The Republic of the Union of Myanmar Ministry of Environmental Conservation and Forestry Forest Department Comparison on Morphological and Anatomical Characteristics of Byu Species Found in Bogalay Township, Ayeyawady Region Kyaw Win Maung, Assistant Research Officer Dr. Kyu Kyu Thin, Assistant lecturer University of Forestry December, 2015 2 ဧရာဝတီတိုင်းေဒသကီး၊ ဘိုကေလးမို ့နယ်နှင့် ပုသိမ်မို ့နယ်များတွင်ေပါက်ေရာက်ေသာြဗူးအုပ်စုဝင်အပင်များ၏ြပင်ပရုပ်သွင်နှင့်သစ်အဂါေဗဒ လက္ခဏာများအားနင်းယှဉ်ေလ့လာြခင်း ေကျာ်ဝင်းေမာင်၊ လက်ေထာက်သုေတသနအရာရှိ၊ သစ်ေတာသုေတသနဌာန ေဒါက်တာကူကူသင်း၊ လက်ေထာက်ကထိက၊ သစ်ေတာတက္ကသိုလ် စာတမ်းအကျဉ်း ဤစာတမ်းတွင်ြမန်မာအမည်ြဗူးြဖင့်စတင်ေသာအပင်(၅)ပင်၏ြပင်ပရုပ်သွင်နှင့်သစ်အဂါေဗဒ လက္ခဏာရပ်များကိုနင်းယှဉ်ေလ့လာထားပါသည်။၎င်းအပင်များမှာြဗူးအုပ်ေဆာင်း(Bruguieragym norhiza) ြဗူးေရဝါ( Bruguierasexangula) ြဗူးဘိုင်းေဒါင့် (Kandelia candle) ြဗူးေချေထာက်အဖို(Rhizophoraapiculata)နှင့် ြဗူးေချေထာက်အမ(Rhizophoramucronata) တို့ြဖစ်ပါသည်။ ၎င်းအပင်များကို အလွယ်တကူခွဲြခားနိုင်ေသာ အဓိကြပင်ပရုပ်သွင် လက္ခဏာများမှာ ေလရှူြမစ်အမျိုးအစား၊ အြမစ်ေလာင်း၏ အရွယ်အစားနှင့် ပုံသာန်တို့ြဖစ်ပါသည်။ ေလရှူြမစ်နှင့် ကိုင်းေထာက်ြမစ်များကို ြဗူးဘိုင်းေဒါင့်နှင့် ြဗူးေချေထာက်မျိုးစိတ်နှစ်ပင်တွင် ေတွ ့ရှိရပါသည်။ ဒူးပုံသာန်ေလရှူြမစ်နှင့် ပါးပျဉ်းြမစ်တို့ကို Bruguiera မျိုးစိတ်နှစ်ခုတွင် ေတွ ့ရှိရပါသည်။ Bruguiera မျိုးစိတ်နှစ်ခု၏ အြမစ်ေလာင်းများမှာ ေဆးေပါ့လိပ်ပုံေတွ ့ရပီး ကျန်အပင်များမှာ ရှည်လျားသည့် ဆလင်ဒါပုံကိုေတွ ့ရပါသည်။ Vessels ေခေရေကာဆဲလ်များ၏ perforation plate ေခထိပ်ဝအကန် ့နံရံများမှာ အပင်အားလုံးတွင် Scalariform ြဖစ်ပါသည်။ ေလ့လာခဲ့ေသာ အပင်အားလုံး၏
    [Show full text]
  • SHORT NOTES Status of Mangroves in Naawan, Misamis Oriental And
    doi: 10.48031/msunjear.2015.03.10 SHORT NOTES Status of Mangroves in Naawan, Misamis Oriental and Prospects for Vegetative Expansion Jeanette J. Samson¹ and Ermelinda G. Tobias² ¹Instituteof Fisheries Research and Development MindanaoStateUniversity at Naawan, Naawan, Misamis Oriental, Philippines ²Department of Biological Sciences MindanaoStateUniversity – Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT An assessment of the plant community structure of mangroves in Naawan, Misamis Oriental was conducted to evaluate its status and potential for vegetative expansion. The survey was carried out in three coastal barangays, namely: Linangkayan, Poblacion, and Maputi using a transect-plot survey technique. Results show that the mangrove stands of Naawan are already degraded due to fishpond development, human settlement and other resource-use activities. A highly diverse mangrove vegetation still exists with 30 species identified belonging to 22 families. At least 11 species are true mangroves while the rest are associates. The dominant mangrove species are Nypa fruticans (Nipa), Avicennia rumphiana (Miyapi), and Lumnitzera racemosa (Kulasi). N. fruticans dominates in terms of stem density while A. rumphiana largely contributes to the total basal area (13.7 m2 ha-1) of measured woody plants. The Naawan mangroves have low regenerative capacity in terms of production of saplings and seedlings except for L. racemosa and A. rumphiana, thus, planting is needed to rehabilitate them. Three sites were identified with a potential area of 5.2 ha for vegetation expansion through multispecies reforestation. Keywords: mangroves, assessment, basal area, vegetative expansion, Naawan. INTRODUCTION Mangroves are a diverse group of woody plants that thrive between the terrestrial and tidal interspace in sheltered shores, estuaries, tidal creeks, lagoons, marshes and mud flats in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world (Tomlinson, 1986; Field 1995).
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Relationships Among the Mangrove Species of Acanthaceae Found in Indian Sundarban, As Revealed by RAPD Analysis
    Available online a t www.pelagiaresearchlibrary.com Pelagia Research Library Advances in Applied Science Research, 2015, 6(3):179-184 ISSN: 0976-8610 CODEN (USA): AASRFC Phylogenetic relationships among the mangrove species of Acanthaceae found in Indian Sundarban, as revealed by RAPD analysis Surya Shekhar Das 1, Swati Das (Sur) 2 and Parthadeb Ghosh* 1Department of Botany, Bolpur College, Birbhum, West Bengal, India 2Department of Botany, Nabadwip Vidyasagar College, Nadia, West Bengal, India _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT RAPD markers were successfully used to identify and differentiate all the five species of Acanthaceae found in the mangrove forest of Indian Sundarban, to assess the extent of interspecific genetic diversity among them, to reveal their molecular phylogeny and to throw some light on the systematic position of Avicennia. The dendrogram reveals that the five species under study exhibits an overall similarity of 60.7%. Avicennia alba and A. officinalis (cluster C1) have very close relationship between them and share a common node in the dendrogram at a 73.3% level of similarity. Avicennia marina and Acanthus ilicifolius (cluster C2) also have close relationship between them as evident by a common node in the dendrogram at 71.8% level of similarity. Acanthus volubilis showed 68.1% similarity with cluster C1 and 60.7% similarity with cluster C2. Our study also supported the view of placing Avicennia under Acanthaceae. Regarding the relative position of Avicennia within Acanthaceae, it was shown to be very close to Acanthoideae. In comparison to other species, A. marina showed most genetic variability, suggesting utilization of this species over others for breeding programme and as source material in in situ conservation programmes.
    [Show full text]