Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park

Common Name Version

A Photographic Guide

Sorted by Form, Color and Family with Habitat Descriptions and Identification Notes

Photographs and text by Wilde Legard District Botanist, East Bay Regional Park District

New Revised and Expanded Edition - Includes the latest scientific names, habitat descriptions and identification notes Decimal Inches

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1/8 1/4 1/2 3/4 1 1/2 2 1/2 3 1/2 4 1/2 5 1/2 6 1/2 7 1/2 8 1/2 9 English Inches

Notes:

A Photographic Guide to the Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park

More than 2,000 species of native and naturalized plants grow wild in the San Francisco Bay Area. Most are very difficult to identify without the help of good illustrations. This is designed to be a simple, color photo guide to help you identify some of these plants. This guide is published electronically in Adobe Acrobat® format so that it can easily be updated as additional photographs become available. You have permission to freely download, distribute and print this guide for individual use. Photographs are © 2014 Wilde Legard, all rights reserved.

In this guide, the included plants are sorted first by form (Ferns & Fern-like, Grasses & Grass-like, Herbaceous, Woody), then by most common flower color, and finally by similar looking flowers (grouped by genus within each family). Each photograph has the following information, separated by '-':

COMMON NAME According to The Jepson Manual: Vascular Plants of California, Second Edition (JM2) and other references (not standardized). (Scientific Name) According to JM2 and eFlora (ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html). Origin & Longevity Native, Naturalized, or Waif (not reproducing without human care). Annual, Biennial, Perennial, or a combination. Family Name Common family name according to JM2, (Bloom date range) Period during the year when the plant blooms, according to JM2 and other sources. '-' if plant does not bloom (ie. Ferns). Habitat Habitat description according to JM2 and other sources. ID Characteristics Plant description with identification characteristics and other notes, based on multiple sources including: Annotated Checklist of the East Bay Flora, Second Edition (2013), JM2, Plants of the San Francisco Bay Region (Revised Edition), and Weeds of California and Other Western States. Additional notes Occasionally, an additional note may appear (ie. NOXIOUS weed, INVASIVE weed, Fed & Calif. ENDANGERED, etc.).

Revision: 3/2/2014 Fern-like - Green/Brown Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 1

CALIFORNIA MAIDENHAIR (Adiantum jordanii) GOLDENBACK FERN (Pentagramma triangularis COASTAL WOOD FERN (Dryopteris arguta) BROAD-LEAVED CATTAIL (Typha latifolia) Native Perennial - Brake Fern Family - - - Shaded subsp. triangularis) Native Perennial - Brake Fern Native Perennial - Wood Fern Family - - - Locally Native Perennial - Cattail Family - (Jun–Jul) - hillsides, moist woodland - Leaves 8-28" long Family - - - Gen shaded, sometimes rocky or common. Open, wooded slopes, caves - Leaf Unpolluted to nutrient-rich freshwater (brackish) with many rounded symmetrical segments, each wooded areas - Leaves triangular, 1.2-4" long, 12-24” long,5-12” wide, divided 1-2 times. marshes - Plant 4.9-9.8' tall. Widest leaves with < 4 irregular lobes. Cultivated. Sudden Oak undersides either granular green or powdery Segments generally with spine-tipped teeth. 0.4-1.1" wide. Flower cluster with no gap Death carrier. gold. between flower types. Revision: 3/2/2014 Grass-like - Green/Brown Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 2

DUNE BENT GRASS (Agrostis pallens) Native SLENDER WILD OAT (Avena barbata) WILD OAT (Avena fatua) Naturalized Annual - RATTLESNAKE GRASS (Briza maxima) Perennial - Grass Family - (Jun–Aug) - Common. Naturalized Annual - Grass Family - (Mar–Jun) - Grass Family - (Apr–Jun) - Disturbed sites - Naturalized Annual - Grass Family - (Apr–Jul) - Open meadows, woodland, forest, subalpine - Disturbed sites - Plants gen 24-32". Spikelets Plants 1-5' tall. Spikelets 0.7-1.3" long. Low awn Shaded sites, roadsides, pastures, weedy on Lower leaf blades <= 0.2" wide, flat to inrolled. 0.8-1.2" long. Awns 0.8-1.8" long. Lemma tip 1-1.6" long. Lemma tip bristles < 0.04" long. coastal dunes - Stem 8-35" tall. Spikelets Flower cluster 2-8" long, < 0.8" wide; narrow and bristles >= 0.1" long. Seeds EDIBLE whole or Seeds EDIBLE whole or ground for flour. 0.4-0.75" long, resemble rattlesnake rattles. arching when young. ground for flour. INVASIVE weed. INVASIVE weed. INVASIVE weed.

RIPGUT GRASS (Bromus diandrus) Naturalized SOFT CHESS (Bromus hordeaceus) Naturalized FOXTAIL CHESS (Bromus madritensis subsp. RED BROME (Bromus madritensis subsp. Annual - Grass Family - (Apr–Jul) - Open, gen Annual - Grass Family - (Apr–Jul) - Fields, madritensis) Naturalized Annual - Grass Family - rubens) Naturalized Annual - Grass Family - disturbed areas - Plant 6-40" tall. Spikelet 1-2.8" disturbed areas - Plant 4-26” tall. Leaf hairy. (Apr–Jan) - Disturbed areas, roadsides - Plants (Mar–Jun) - Disturbed areas, roadsides - Plant long. Lemma body 0.8-1.2" long, awn > 1.2" long. Flower cluster 1-5” long, dense, some stalks > 4-20" tall. Stem and sheathes smooth. Flower 4-20". Flower cluster condensed, branches Barbed seeds can stick in flesh of animals. spikelet. Spikelet 0.5-0.9”. Lemma 0.26-0.4”, awn cluster branches visible, lower spikelets erect, > obscure, < spikelets. Stem & sheathes hairy. INVASIVE weed. 0.16-0.4”. INVASIVE weed. stalk. INVASIVE weed. Revision: 3/2/2014 Grass-like - Green/Brown Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 3

SWAMP PRICKLE GRASS (Crypsis BRISTLY DOGTAIL GRASS (Cynosurus BARNYARD GRASS (Echinochloa crus-galli) WESTERN WILD-RYE (Elymus glaucus subsp. schoenoides) Naturalized Annual - Grass Family echinatus) Naturalized Annual - Grass Family - Naturalized Annual - Grass Family - (Jun–Oct) - glaucus) Native Perennial - Grass Family - - (Jun–Oct) - Wet places - Plant mat-like. Stem (May–Jul) - Open, disturbed sites - Tufted. Stem Gen wet, disturbed sites, fields, roadsides - Stem (Jun–Aug) - Open areas, chaparral, woodland, 2-30” long. Leaf blade 1-4” long. Flower cluster 4-28” long. Leaf blade 0.1-0.6” wide. Flower 12-39" long. Leaf blades to 25" long, 0.2-1.2" forest - Tufted. Stem 12-55" tall. Leaf 0.2-0.5" 0.1-3” long, 0.2-0.6” wide. Spikelet ~0.1” long. cluster 0.4-1.6” long, 1-sided. Fertile and sterile wide. Spikelet 0.1-0.16" long, floret ~0.14" long, 1 wide, flat. Spikelets0.3-0.6" long, 2-4 per node. spikelets. INVASIVE weed. per node. Awns 0-2” long on same plant. Lemma awn 0.4-1.2" long.

BIG SQUIRRELTAIL (Elymus multisetus) Native BEARDLESS WILD RYE (Elymus triticoides) BROME FESCUE (Festuca bromoides) RYE GRASS (Festuca perennis) Naturalized Perennial - Grass Family - (May–Jul) - Open, Native Perennial - Grass Family - ( Jun–Jul) - Dry Naturalized Annual - Grass Family - (May–Jun) - Perennial - Grass Family - (May–Sep) - Dry to sandy to rocky areas - Tufted. Stem 6-24" tall. to moist, often saline, meadows - Plant 18-50” Uncommon. Dry, disturbed places, coastal-sage moist disturbed sites, abandoned fields - Stem Leaf 0.06-0.2" wide. Spikelet 0.4-0.6" long. tall, from rhizomes. Flower cluster 2-8” long. scrub, chaparral - Stem < 20". Inflor 0.6-6" tall, 20-40" tall. Spikelet 0.2-0.9" long, > glume, Glume divisions needle-shaped, lemma awn 1-4" Spikelets generally 2/node. Lemmas 3-7, 0.2-0.5” dense, lower branches erect. Spikelet 0.2-0.4" awned or awnless. Sterile shoots at base. long. long, awn to 0.12” long. long, awn 0.1-0.3" long. INVASIVE weed. Revision: 3/2/2014 Grass-like - Green/Brown Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 4

MEDITERRANEAN BARLEY (Hordeum marinum HARE BARLEY (Hordeum murinum subsp. JUNE GRASS (Koeleria macrantha) Native CALIFORNIA MELIC (Melica californica) Native subsp. gussoneanum) Naturalized Annual - leporinum) Naturalized Annual - Grass Family - Perennial - Grass Family - (May–Jul) - Dry, open Perennial - Grass Family - (Apr–May) - Open or Grass Family - (Apr–Jun) - Dry to moist, (Feb–May) - Moist, gen disturbed sites. Common sites, clay to rocky soils, shrubland, woodland, rocky hillsides, oak woodland, conifer forest - disturbed sites - Stem 4-20". Leaf blades to 32" - Stem 12-43" tall. Central spikelet stalk ~0.06" conifer forest - Stem 8-32" long. Flower cluster Stem 16-55". Leaf 0.06-0.2" wide. Spiklet 0.2-0.6" long, auricles < 0.08". Central lemma awn long. Central floret << lateral florets. INVASIVE condensed, shiny, branches short-hairy. Spikelet long, w/3-7 fertile florets; sterile tip widest above 0.25-0.7" long. INVASIVE weed. weed. ~0.2" long, no awns. middle, tip squared.

TORREY'S MELIC (Melica torreyana) Native ANNUAL BLUE GRASS (Poa annua) Naturalized ONE-SIDED BLUE GRASS (Poa secunda subsp. RABBITFOOT GRASS (Polypogon Perennial - Grass Family - (Mar–Jun) - Chaparral, Annual - Grass Family - (Feb–Sep) - Abundant. secunda) Native Perennial - Grass Family - monspeliensis) Naturalized Annual - Grass conifer forest - Stem 12-40" tall. Leaf blade Disturbed moist ground - Plant 1-8” tall. Leaf (Mar–Aug) - Common. Dry slopes to Family - (Apr–Aug) - Moist places, along streams 0.04-0.1" wide. Spikelet 0.14-0.28" long w/1-2 blade 0.04-0.12” wide, soft. Flower cluster 0.4-4” saline/alkaline meadows to alpine - Plant 6-40” - Stem 8-39". Leaf 0.4-8" long, 0.16-0.24" wide. florets; sterile tip widest above middle to 0.06", long, triangular. Lemmas 0.1-0.16” long. tall, densely tufted. Flower clusters congested. Flower cluster 0.4-6.7" long, plume-like. Glume short-hairy lemmas. Spikelets gen 0.3-0.4” long. Lemmas 0.16-0.2” awn > 0.14". Lemma awn gen < 0.1". INVASIVE. long, backs rounded. Revision: 3/2/2014 Grass-like - Green/Brown Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 5

NODDING NEEDLE GRASS (Stipa cernua) FOOTHILL NEEDLE GRASS (Stipa lepida) PURPLE NEEDLE GRASS (Stipa pulchra) Native BALTIC RUSH (Juncus balticus subsp. ater) Native Perennial - Grass Family - (Feb–Jul) - Native Perennial - Grass Family - (Mar–Jun) - Dry Perennial - Grass Family - (Mar–Jun) - Oak Native Perennial - Rush Family - (Jul–Nov) - Grassland, chaparral, juniper woodland - Stem slopes, chaparral, grassland, savanna, coastal woodland, chaparral, grassland - Stem 14-39" Moist to ± dry sites - Stem 14-43" tall, round, not 12-39". Glumes: lower 0.47-0.87" long, upper scrub - Stem 14-39" tall. Leaf blade 4.7-9.1" long, long. Leaf blade 4-8" long. Glumes 0.5-0.8" long, twisted. No leaf blade. Flowers generally 0.1-0.2" ~0.14" shorter. Awns 2-4" long, wavy last narrow. Glumes 0.2-0.6" long. Awn 0.8-2" long. ~equal. Awn 1.6-4" long, last segment straight. long. segment.

SEACOAST BULRUSH (Bolboschoenus SANTA BARBARA SEDGE (Carex barbarae) - TALL NUTSEDGE (Cyperus eragrostis) Native COMMON SPIKERUSH (Eleocharis robustus) Native Perennial - Sedge Family - Native Perennial - Sedge Family - (May–Aug) - Perennial - Sedge Family - (May–Nov) - Vernal macrostachya) Native Perennial - Sedge Family - (Summer) - Brackish to saline coastal marshes - Seasonally wet places - Stem 6-36” tall, base pools, streambanks - Leaves basal. Flower (Spring–summer) - Common. Fresh to brackish Plant 20-60" tall. Stem sharply triangular. Flower brown to purple. Lowest flower cluster “leaves” < cluster bracts 4-8. Spikelets 0.2-0.8" long, wetland - Stem 8-39" tall, 0.06-0.1" wide. Spikelet cluster dense, stemless, just above bracts. 4” long. Spikelets brown, 1-3” long, 0.2-0.3” wide. oblong, in heads to 1.6" wide. Seeds 0.2-1.6" long, 0.08-0.2" wide, style 2-branched. Spikelets 5-25, 0.4-1.2" long. short-stalked. Revision: 3/2/2014 Grass-like - Green/Brown Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 6

SOUTHERN BULRUSH (Schoenoplectus GRAND HOUND'S TONGUE (Cynoglossum CALIFORNIA PHACELIA (Phacelia californica) BLUE DICKS (Dichelostemma capitatum subsp. californicus) Native Perennial - Sedge Family - grande) Native Perennial - Borage Family - Native Perennial - Borage Family - (Mar–Sep) - capitatum) Native Perennial - Brodiaea Family - (Spring–summer) - Common. Brackish to fresh (Feb–May) - Chaparral, woodland - Stem 1-3'. Bluffs, open slopes, road cuts, chaparral, (Mar–Jun) - Open woodland, scrub, desert, marshes, shores - Stem 3.3-13' tall, slender, Leaf stalk 3-6". Leaf blade 3-6" cm long, broadly woodland - Plant tufted, stiff-hairy. Leaves gen grassland - Plant 2-28" tall. Flowers blue-purple, bright green, bluntly 3-angled. Flower cluster oval. Flowers bright blue w/inner white teeth. pinnate w/big terminal leaflet. Flowers 0.16-0.28" not narrowed in the middle. Stamens 6. Early somewhat open. long, lavender. spring bloomer.

FORK-TOOTHED OOKOW (Dichelostemma ITHURIEL'S SPEAR (Triteleia laxa) Native MEDITERRANEAN LINSEED (Bellardia trixago) COMMON OWL'S-CLOVER (Castilleja densiflora congestum) Native Perennial - Brodiaea Family - Perennial - Brodiaea Family - (Apr–Jun) - Naturalized Annual - Broom-rape Family - subsp. densiflora) Native Annual - Broom-rape (Apr–Jun) - Open woodland, grassland - Plant Common. Open forest, conifer or foothill (Apr–Jun) - Disturbed grassland. - Plant Family - (Mar–May) - Grassland - Plant 4-16" tall. 12-35" tall. Flowers blue-purple, narrowed above woodland, grassland on clay soil - Flower stem sticky-hairy. Stem 6-32" tall. Leaves Leaves 0.8-3.1" long, narrow-lobed. Flower ovary. Stamens 3. Late spring bloomer. 4-28". Leaves 8-16", 0.16-1" wide. Flowers blue, lance-shaped, toothed. Flowers 0.8-1" long, cluster gen rose-purple. Flower upper lip straight. blue-purple or white, 0.7-1.9" long. 2-lipped: upper lip pink, lower lip white. INVASIVE. Revision: 3/2/2014 Herbaceous - Blue/Pink/Purple Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 7

PURPLE OWL'S-CLOVER (Castilleja exserta SHOWY MILKWEED (Asclepias speciosa) Native MULE-EAR CLARKIA (Clarkia biloba subsp. FOUR-SPOT (Clarkia purpurea subsp. subsp. exserta) Native Annual - Broom-rape Perennial - Dogbane Family - (May–Sep) - Many biloba) Native Annual - Evening Primrose Family quadrivulnera) Native Annual - Evening Primrose Family - (Mar–May) - Open fields, grassland - habitats incl fields, roadsides - Plants green, - (May–Aug) - Foothill woodland, serpentine or Family - (Apr–Aug) - Common. Open, grassy or Plant sticky, short-hairy. Flower cluster tipped hairy. Leaves opposite, ovate. Petals rose-purple, not - Stem < 3.3'. Petals purple-pink, 2-lobed, shrubby places - Buds erect. Petals < 0.6", white, pale yellow or rose. Flower upper lip > 0.3" long; curving tooth-like hoods. Monarch 0.4-0.6" long, gen 1.5x width. Axis and buds lavender to dark red. Ovary 8-grooved. Sepals hooked, fuzzy. butterfly food plant. pendant, sepals fused. 1's or 2's.

LONG-BEAKED FILAREE (Erodium botrys) REDSTEM FILAREE (Erodium cicutarium) GREENSTEM FILAREE (Erodium moschatum) CUT-LEAVED GERANIUM (Geranium Naturalized Annual - Geranium Family - Naturalized Annual - Geranium Family - Naturalized Annual - Geranium Family - dissectum) Naturalized Annual - Geranium (Mar–Jul) - Dry, open or disturbed sites - Stem (Feb–Sep) - Open, disturbed sites, grassland, (Feb–Sep) - Open, disturbed sites - Stem 4-24", Family - (Mar–Jul) - Open, disturbed sites - Stem 4-35" tall, coarse-hairy. Leaves lobed. Petals scrub - Stem 4-20". Leaves compound, leaflets short-hairy. Leaves compound, leaflets toothed. 3-28" tall, rough-hairy. Leaf blades deeply pink, 0.3-0.5" long. Sepals w/reddish tip. Fruit dissected. Sepal tip bristly. Petal pink to purple. Sepal tip glabrous. Petals 0.4-0.6" long, pink. divided. Petals violet-red, 0.1-0.25" long beak 2-4.7" long. Fruit beak 0.8-2". INVASIVE. Fruit beak 0.8-1.6" long. w/notched tips. Flower stalk sticky. INVASIVE. Revision: 3/2/2014 Herbaceous - Blue/Pink/Purple Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 8

HAIRY DOVE'S FOOT GERANIUM (Geranium WESTERN BLUE-EYED-GRASS (Sisyrinchium SPANISH CLOVER (Acmispon americanus var. PACIFIC PEA (Lathyrus vestitus var. vestitus) molle) Naturalized Annual - Geranium Family - bellum) Native Perennial - Iris Family - americanus) Native Annual - Pea Family - Native Perennial - Pea Family - (Feb–Jul) - North: (Feb–Aug) - Open to shaded sites, disturbed (Mar–May) - Common. Open, gen moist, grassy (May–Oct) - Coast, chaparral, waterways, Conifer forest. South: chaparral & oak woodland - ground - Stem 4-17" tall. Petals red-purple, areas, woodland - Stem < 25" tall. Leaves roadsides, disturbed areas - Plant 2-24", hairy. Stem wings to 0.02" wide. Leaves gen elliptic. 0.1-0.4" long, notched. Sepals awnless. Fruit iris-like. Petals 6, blue-purple with dark veins, Flowers white to pink, solitary, bract lobes >> Flowers 0.5-0.7" long, pale lavender to purple. smooth, wrinkled. 0.4-0.7" long. flower tube.

MINIATURE LUPINE (Lupinus bicolor) Native SUMMER LUPINE (Lupinus formosus var. RANCHERIA CLOVER (Trifolium BEARDED CLOVER (Trifolium barbigerum) Annual - Pea Family - (Mar–Jun) - Abundant. formosus) Native Perennial - Pea Family - albopurpureum) Native Annual - Pea Family - Native Perennial - Pea Family - (Apr–Jun) - Wet Open or disturbed areas - Plant 4-16", hairy. (Apr–Sep) - Dry clay soils, grassland, open areas (Mar–Jun) - Abundant. Dunes, grassland, wet meadows, open, disturbed areas - Leaflets 0.6-1" Flower 0.16-0.4" long, banner longer than wide, under pines, gen in valleys - Plant 8-32", low meadows, slopes, disturbed areas, etc - No head long. Head 0.2-1" wide, gen bristly. Flowers upper keel ciliate near tip, pedicel < 0.12". Fruit growing. Leaves hairy. Flowers purple, hairless, bract. Flowers purple + white, 0.2-0.3", no stalk. pink-purple, 0.2-0.4" long. 0.12-0.24" wide. summer/fall blooming. Flower bracts hairy, teeth linear, = flowers. Revision: 3/2/2014 Herbaceous - Blue/Pink/Purple Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 9

DECEIVING CLOVER (Trifolium bifidum var. FOOTHILL CLOVER (Trifolium ciliolatum) Native ROSE CLOVER (Trifolium hirtum) Naturalized NARROW-LEAVED VETCH (Vicia sativa subsp. decipiens) Native Annual - Pea Family - Annual - Pea Family - (Mar–Jun) - Locally Annual - Pea Family - (Apr–May) - Disturbed nigra) Naturalized Annual - Pea Family - (Apr–Jun) - Open, grassy areas, forest - Leaflet common. Grassland, chaparral, disturbed areas - areas, roadsides - Head with 1-2 bract-like leaves (Mar–Jun) - Roadsides, disturbed areas, tip square/notched. Flower small, yellow to Flower head 0.3-0.8" wide w/vestigial bract. immed below. Flowers pink, 0.4-0.6" long, grassland, open areas in oak and riparian pink-purple, soon reflex. Flower stalk top sparsely Flowers pink to purple, soon reflexed, bracts densely-bristly in fruit. INVASIVE weed. woodlands - Flowers 1-2 at leaf bases, hairy. w/short, flat bristles. pink-purple to white, 0.4-0.7" long. Leaflets 0.2-0.3" wide.

SPRING VETCH (Vicia sativa subsp. sativa) SPARSELY HAIRY VETCH (Vicia villosa subsp. MANY-STEM CALIFORNIA GILIA (Gilia PINKLOBE LEPTOSIPHON (Leptosiphon Naturalized Annual - Pea Family - (Mar–Jun) - varia) Naturalized Annual-Biennial - Pea Family - achilleifolia subsp. multicaulis) Native Annual - androsaceus) Native Annual - Phlox Family - Roadsides, disturbed areas, grassland, open (Mar–Jun) - Grassland, roadside, disturbed areas Phlox Family - (Feb–Jun) - Open or shaded, gen (Apr–Jun) - Open or shaded areas in woodland, areas in oak and riparian woodlands - Flowers - Stems w/few hairs. Flowers 10-20, blue-purple grassy places, sandy or rocky soil - Leaves chaparral - Plant 2-18", hairy. Flowers pink, 1-2 at leaf bases, pink-purple to white, 0.7-1.2" to white, 0.4-0.55" long. Lower bract lobes linear-lobed. Flowers white to lavender, 0.2-0.4" bracted group, tube 0.4-1.3" long, lobes gen > long. Leaflets 0.16-0.4" wide. 0.04-0.1" long. long, not in heads. 0.3" long. Revision: 3/2/2014 Herbaceous - Blue/Pink/Purple Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 10

SKUNKWEED (Navarretia squarrosa) Native PERSIAN SPEEDWELL (Veronica persica) BULL THISTLE (Cirsium vulgare) Naturalized ARTICHOKE THISTLE (Cynara cardunculus Annual - Phlox Family - (Jun–Aug) - Common. Naturalized Annual - Plantain Family - (Feb–May) Biennial - Sunflower Family - (May–Oct) - subsp. flavescens) Naturalized Perennial - Open, wet, gravelly flats, slopes - Plant 4-24" tall, - Wet, disturbed areas, fields - Stem 2-24" long, Common. Disturbed areas - Plant 12-79" tall. Top Sunflower Family - (Apr–Jul) - Disturbed places - sticky, with skunk-like odor. Flowers 0.35-0.47" crawling. Flowers on 0.6-1.2" long stalks. Flowers of leaves bristly; leaf base forming decurrent Plant 1.6-8' tall. Artichoke head 1.6-6" diam, long, dark blue; petal lobes 0.08" long. blue, purple-lined with a white center. wings on stem. Flowers purple, gen 1-2" wide. spine-tipped. Flowers blue or purple, 1.2-2" long. NOXIOUS weed. NOXIOUS weed.

WEEDY CUDWEED (Pseudognaphalium MILK THISTLE (Silybum marianum) Naturalized COMMON CALIFORNIA WILD ASTER CURLY DOCK (Rumex crispus) Naturalized luteoalbum) Naturalized Annual - Sunflower Annual-Biennial - Sunflower Family - (Feb–Jun) - (Symphyotrichum chilense) Native Perennial - Perennial - Buckwheat Family - (All year) - Family - (Apr–Aug) - Disturbed sites, fields, Roadsides, pastures, disturbed areas - Stem Sunflower Family - (Jun–Oct) - Grassland, salt Abundant. Disturbed places - Stem 16-39" tall. streambeds - Heads 0.12-0.16" long, yellowish, 1-10', stout. Leaves spiny, shiny green w/white marshes, disturbed places - Plant 16-39", partly Flower cluster dense, valves 0.2-0.24", winged female flowers < 0.08" long, pappus bristles veins and spots. Flowers red-purple. INVASIVE hairy. Leaf 1.6-6", 0.2-1.2" wide. Rays violet, around tubercles, smooth edged. 1 tubercle connected. weed. 0.3-0.5" long. enlarged. INVASIVE. Revision: 3/2/2014 Herbaceous - Green/Brown Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 11

LADY'S MANTLE (Aphanes occidentalis) Native MUGWORT (Artemisia douglasiana) Native DAGGERLEAF COTTONROSE (Logfia gallica) COCKLEBUR (Xanthium strumarium) Native Annual - Rose Family - (Mar–May) - Seasonally Perennial - Sunflower Family - (May–Nov) - Naturalized Annual - Sunflower Family - Annual - Sunflower Family - (Jul–Oct) - moist grassland, chaparral, woodland - Plant Common. Open to shady areas, often in (Mar–Jul) - Bare or grassy openings, burns - Disturbed, seasonally wet, often alkaline sites, in inconspicuous, soft hairy, < 4" tall. Leaves drainages - Plant 20-60" tall. Leaves gen 0.4-4" Plant 1-20" tall, gen cobwebby. Leaves grassland, marshes, watercourses - Plant 4-32" 0.1-0.5" long, deeply lobed. Flowers long, densely hairy below, some 3-5 lobed. awl-shaped, stiff, > flower heads. Flowers brown tall. Stem spineless. Bur 0.4-1.2"+ long. yellow-green, < 0.1" long. Flower bracts hairy. to yellow.

COMMON FIDDLENECK (Amsinckia intermedia) BENT-FLOWERED FIDDLENECK (Amsinckia SHEEP SORREL (Rumex acetosella) Naturalized RED OR ORANGE LARKSPUR (Delphinium Native Annual - Borage Family - (Mar–Jun) - lunaris) Native Annual - Borage Family - Perennial - Buckwheat Family - (Apr–Jul) - ± nudicaule) Native Perennial - Buttercup Family - Abundant. Open, generally disturbed places - (Mar–Jun) - Gravelly slopes, grassland, openings Disturbed, often acidic places - Stem < 16". Leaf (Mar–Jun) - Moist talus, wooded, rocky slopes - Plant 0.5-3' tall. Flowers orange with 5 red spots, in woodland - Flowers orange, 0.3-0.4" long, gen basal, blade 0.8-2.4" long, lower Stem gen 6-20" tall, usually hairless. Flowers 0.3-0.4" long, 0.2-0.4" wide, tube straight. slightly 2-lipped with bent tube, 2 red marks. arrowhead-shaped w/2 lobes. Flowers yellowish, scarlet to orange-red. Hummingbird pollinated. CNPS: ENDANGERED. turn reddish. INVASIVE. Revision: 3/2/2014 Herbaceous - Red/Orange Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 12

SCARLET PIMPERNEL (Anagallis arvensis) CALIFORNIA POPPY (Eschscholzia californica) CALIFORNIA FIGWORT (Scrophularia VARIABLE-LEAF NEMOPHILA (Nemophila Naturalized Annual - Myrsine Family - (Mar–May) Native Perennial - Poppy Family - (Feb–Sep) - californica) Native Perennial - Snapdragon Family heterophylla) Native Annual - Borage Family - - Common. Disturbed places, ocean beaches - Grassy, open areas - Plant 2-24" tall. Flower - (Mar–Jul) - Common; damp places, chaparral, (Feb–Jun) - Common. Forest, chaparral, Plants 2-16" tall. Flowers 0.2-0.3" long, salmon or w/spreading rim <= 0.2". Petals 0.8-2.4" long, roadsides - Stem 2.6-4' tall, square x-section. roadsides, streambanks - Flower 0.1-0.4" long, occasionally blue. Leaves TOXIC, can cause early spring = large and orange, fall = smaller and Leaves opposite, to 7" long, triangular, toothed. unspotted, bract appendages < 0.04" long in fruit. dermititis. yellow. Flowers 0.3-0.5" long, upper lips red to maroon, lower paler or yellowish.

COMMON PHACELIA (Phacelia distans) Native EAR-SHAPED WILD BUCKWHEAT (Eriogonum BUR-CHERVIL (Anthriscus caucalis) Naturalized SWEET-CICELY (Osmorhiza berteroi) Native Annual - Borage Family - (Mar–May) - Common. nudum var. auriculatum) Native Perennial - Annual - Carrot Family - (Apr–Jun) - Generally Perennial - Carrot Family - (Apr–Jul) - Conifer Clay to rocky soils, slopes - Plant 6-32" tall. Buckwheat Family - (May–Oct) - Common. Sand shady places - Plant 18-40" tall. Flowers white; forest, woodland, disturbed areas - Plant 12-47". Leaves divided. Flowers 0.24-0.35" long, dirty or gravel - Plant 5-15 dm. Leaves on stem, flower stalk >= fruit length. Fruits 0.1-0.2" long Leaflets in 3s, serrate to irreg lobed. Flower white. Seeds 2-4. curled. Inflor smooth. Flowers white to pink, with curved "velcro" bristles. Leaves fern-like, white. Fruit 0.5-1", upward pointing barbs, smooth. triangular outline. splitting apart below. Revision: 3/2/2014 Herbaceous - White Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 13

VENUS' NEEDLE (Scandix pecten-veneris) TALL SOCK-DESTROYER (Torilis arvensis) WAVYLEAF SOAP PLANT (Chlorogalum GOOSE GRASS (Galium aparine) Native Annual Naturalized Annual - Carrot Family - (Apr–Jun) - Naturalized Annual - Carrot Family - (Apr–Jul) - pomeridianum var. pomeridianum) Native - Madder Family - (Apr–Jun) - Grassy, ± shady Grassy slopes, roadsides - Plant 6-20" tall. Leaf Disturbed places - Plant erect, 12-40". Flower Perennial - Century Plant Family - (May–Aug) - places - Stem 12-35" long, weak, brittle. Leaves segments finely divided, linear. Flowers white, clusters open, > leaf. Fruits 0.1-0.2" long, Common. Open grassland, chaparral, woodland - 0.5-1.6" long, in whorls of 6-8. Flowers white, outer petals larger. Fruit 0.2-1" long with a beak covered with uncurved bristles. Flowers white or Plant 1-8' tall, flowers at night. Bulb juices lather 4-lobed. Fruits covered w/short, hooked hairs. 0.8-2.8" long. pinkish. INVASIVE weed. in water.

COMMON MINER'S LETTUCE (Claytonia SHEPHERD'S PURSE (Capsella bursa-pastoris) MILK MAIDS (Cardamine californica) Native THREADLEAF PEPPERGRASS (Lepidium perfoliata subsp. perfoliata) Native Annual - Naturalized Annual - Mustard Family - (Jan–Oct) Perennial - Mustard Family - (Jan–May) - Gen nitidum) Native Annual - Mustard Family - Miner's Lettuce Family - (Jan–May) - Vernally - Disturbed areas - Stem 4-20" long. Basal leaves shaded sites, canyons, woodland. One of first (Feb–Mar) - Alkaline soils, pastures, dry vernal moist, often shady or disturbed sites - Basal leaf 1.2-2.4" long, dandelion-like. Petals white, spring flowers - Stem 10-24" long. Leaves lobed pools, fields, beaches - Fruit stalk flat. Fruit length <3x width. Stem leaf gen not angled. 0.08-0.16" long. Fruits 0.16-0.35" long, flat, to compound w/sharp teeth. Petals white or pale smooth, 0.14-0.24" long, cupped, winged. Seeds shiny w/large appendage. heart-shaped. rose, 0.3-0.5" long. Revision: 3/2/2014 Herbaceous - White Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 14

PROSTRATE PEPPERGRASS (Lepidium CALIFORNIA TEA (Rupertia physodes) Native BICOLOR LEPTOSIPHON (Leptosiphon bicolor) STICKY MOUSE-EAR CHICKWEED (Cerastium strictum) Naturalized Annual - Mustard Family - Perennial - Pea Family - (May–Sep) - Woodland - Native Annual - Phlox Family - (Mar–Jun) - glomeratum) Naturalized Annual - Pink Family - (Apr–Jun) - Uncommon. Disturbed areas, Stem ~1.6'. Leaflets 3, triangular to Common. Open, grassy areas, chaparral, (Spring) - Dry hillsides, grassland, chaparral, woodland, slopes - Stem 2.8-6.7", gen crawling. lance-shaped, 1.4-2.8" long, sticky. Flower bracts woodland - Plant 0.8-8.3" tall, hairy. Flower lobes disturbed areas - Flowers 0.1-02" long, white, Leaves pinnately lobed. Flower cluster crowded, not hairy, lobes =. Flowers white or yellow, ~0.1" long, pink or white; tube red; stigma sticky-hairy. Flower bract hairs extend beyond tip; stallk < fruit, sepals stay. banner 0.4-0.55" long. <=0.02" long. bracts herbaceous.

SMALL-FLOWER CATCHFLY (Silene gallica) COMMON CHICKWEED (Stellaria media) WOODLAND STAR (Lithophragma affine) Native YARROW (Achillea millefolium) Native Perennial Naturalized Annual - Pink Family - (Spring–early Naturalized Annual - Pink Family - (Feb–Sep) - Perennial - Saxifrage Family - (Mar–Apr) - Open, - Sunflower Family - (Apr–Sep) - Many habitats - summer) - Fields, disturbed areas - Plant 4-16". Oak woodland, meadows, disturbed areas - Plant grassy slopes - Plant 4-24" tall. Leaves w/3-5 Plant 4"-7' tall. Stem white-hairy. Leaves finely Leaves < 1.4" long. Flower cluster short-hairy, 2.8-20" tall. Stem w/line of hairs on 1 side. Sepals sharp-toothed shallow lobes, stem leaves dissected. Flower cluster flat-topped. Flowers bracts sticky-hairy, petal blade 0.2-0.5" long, 0.12-0.18" long. Petals white, 2-lobed, 0.7-0.9x alternate. Petals 0.2-0.5" long, white. Hypanthium white to pink. Widely used in folk medicine. smooth to notched, white to pink. sepals. funnel-shaped. Revision: 3/2/2014 Herbaceous - White Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 15

MARSH BACCHARIS (Baccharis glutinosa) HORSEWEED (Erigeron canadensis) Naturalized COTTONWEED (Micropus californicus var. CALIFORNIA EVERLASTING Native Perennial - Sunflower Family - (Jul–Oct) - Annual - Sunflower Family - (All year) - Disturbed californicus) Native Annual - Sunflower Family - (Pseudognaphalium californicum) Native Biennial Coastal freshwater and saltwater marshes, places - Plant 8-79" tall. Gen 1 main stem (Mar–Jun) - Clearings, often disturbed, dry or - Sunflower Family - (Apr–Jul) - Sandy canyons, streambanks - Plant herbaceous, sticky, 3-6' tall. branching above. Disk flowers yellow; rays white seasonally moist soils - Plant 0.4-20" tall. Disk dry hills, coastal chaparral - Stem 8-51" tall. Leaf blades lance-shaped, < 5" long, 0.5-1.2" or pink, <= 0.04" long. Head bracts 0.12-0.16" flowers < 5; top scale points up, largest gen Leaves green + glandular on both sides. Heads wide. tall,0.08-0.12" wide. 0.12-0.16" long. white, spheric, 0.2-0.24" long.

CALIFORNIA CHICORY (Rafinesquia californica) LEMON VERBENA (Phyla nodiflora) Native CALIFORNIA BUTTERCUP (Ranunculus PRICKLESEED BUTTERCUP (Ranunculus Native Annual - Sunflower Family - (Apr–Jul) - Perennial - Vervain Family - (May–Nov) - Wet californicus var. californicus) Native Perennial - muricatus) Naturalized Annual - Buttercup Family Open sites in scrub, woodland; often common places, pond margins - Mat-like. Leaf blade Buttercup Family - (Mar–Aug) - Grassland, open - (Apr–Jun) - Stream-banks, drainages, low after fire - Stem 2-15+ dm. Flower heads 0.8-1.2" 0.2-1.2" long, < 0.4" wide, 5-11 teeth. Flowers woodland - Petals 9-17, 0.28-0.55" long, often > meadows - Plant 6-20". Leaves gen 3-lobed. wide, solitary. Rays white or cream, extend white to red. Flower stem 0.6-3.5" tall. 2x width. Fruit body 0.07-0.13" long, 0.05-0.09" Petals yellow, 5, 0.16-0.3" long. Fruits 0.2" long 0.2-0.3" beyond bracts. Ornamental. wide, smooth. with curved bristles. Revision: 3/2/2014 Herbaceous - Yellow Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 16

FENNEL (Foeniculum vulgare) Naturalized CELERY WEED (Lomatium californicum) Native PACIFIC WOODLAND SANICLE (Sanicula MOUNT DIABLO FAIRY-LANTERN (Calochortus Perennial - Carrot Family - (May–Sep) - Perennial - Carrot Family - (Apr–Jun) - crassicaulis) Native Perennial - Carrot Family - pulchellus) Native Perennial - Lily Family - Roadsides, disturbed sites - Plants 3-6.5' tall, Woodland, brushy slopes - Plant 12-48" tall, (Mar–May) - Open slopes, ravines, woodland - (Apr–Jun) - Wooded slopes, rarely chaparral, gen anise-scented. Stems waxy-blue, canelike. smooth, waxy. Leaf segments wedge-shaped, Plants stout, 9-47". Leaves 1-5" across with 3-5 n aspect - Stem 4-12", gen branched. Petals light Flowers yellow. Leaf segments thread-like, edible celery-like. Flowers yellow. Used medicinally by deep, palmate lobes and serrate edges. Flowers yellow, 1-1.3", sparsely hairy inside. CNPS: when young. INVASIVE weed. Native Americans. yellow. FAIRLY ENDANGERED.

SHORTPOD MUSTARD (Hirschfeldia incana) CHARLOCK (Sinapis arvensis) Naturalized HEDGE MUSTARD (Sisymbrium officinale) DEERWEED (Acmispon glaber var. glaber) Naturalized Biennial-Perennial - Mustard Family - Annual - Mustard Family - (Mar–Sep) - Disturbed Naturalized Annual - Mustard Family - (Apr–Sep) Native Perennial - Pea Family - (Mar–Aug) - (Apr–Oct) - Disturbed areas - Stem 16-60". areas - Stem 8-39", no rosette. Leaves coarse. - Disturbed areas, fields, pastures - Stem 10-22" Chaparral, roadsides, coastal sands; common - Longest leaves 1.6-4" long, dense-hairy. Petals Petals 0.35-0.47" long, yellow. Fruit 0.8-1.8", tall, thin, wiry. Petals 0.1-0.16" long, pale yellow. Often shrubby, leaflets 3-6, many clusters of 3-7 pale yellow, ~0.2" long. Fruit appressed. ascending, beak 0.24-0.47" long w/fat base. 3-7 Fruit 0.4-0.55" long, awl-shaped, appressed. stemless flowers, yellow fading to orange-red, Fall-blooming. INVASIVE. valve veins. INVASIVE weed. 0.3-0.5" long. Revision: 3/2/2014 Herbaceous - Yellow Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 17

CALIFORNIA BURCLOVER (Medicago SOURCLOVER (Melilotus indicus) Naturalized LITTLE HOP CLOVER (Trifolium dubium) BRISTLY LEPTOSIPHON (Leptosiphon polymorpha) Naturalized Annual - Pea Family - Annual-Biennial - Pea Family - (Apr–Oct) - Open, Naturalized Annual - Pea Family - (Spring) - acicularis) Native Annual - Phlox Family - (Mar–Jul) - Common. Chaparral, oak woodland, disturbed areas - Stem 4-24" long. Leaflets 3, Agricultural, disturbed areas, lawns - Heads (Apr–May) - Grassy areas, woodland, chaparral - streambanks, roadsides, disturbed areas - Stem 0.4-1" long. Flowers yellow, ~0.1" long. 0.16-0.3" wide. Flowers bright yellow, age brown, Plant 1-6" tall, hairy. Leaf lobes 0.1-0.4", 4-20". Flower yellow, 0.14-0.24" long. Spiny spiral quickly reflex, smooth. needle-like. Flowers yellow. CNPS: FAIRLY fruits. INVASIVE. ENDANGERED.

BLOW WIVES (Achyrachaena mollis) Native GIANT NATIVE DANDELION (Agoseris YELLOW STAR-THISTLE (Centaurea solstitialis) DIABLO HELIANTHELLA (Helianthella castanea) Annual - Sunflower Family - (Mar–Jun) - grandiflora var. grandiflora) Native Perennial - Naturalized Annual - Sunflower Family - Native Perennial - Sunflower Family - (Apr–Jun) - Common. Grassy sites, often clay soils - Plant Sunflower Family - (Apr–Jul) - Grassland, scrub, (May–Oct) - Invasive, roadsides, disturbed Open, grassy sites - Stem 4-20" tall. Leaves w/ 1 2-24" tall, soft-hairy. Flowers yellow turning red, woodland - Plant 10-40". Leaf lobes point up. grassland or woodland - Plant 4-39" tall. Leaves pair of veins more distinct. Outer head bracts 0.1-0.5" wide, extend < 0.1" beyond green Flower rosy-purple, variable-sized bracts. Seed woolly, extend down the stem. Flower bract leaf-like, curl around head. CNPS: FAIRLY bracts. Showy, flat scales attached to seeds. tapers to beak > 2x body length. Leaf lobes point spines 0.4-1" long. NOXIOUS weed. ENDANGERED. upward. Revision: 3/2/2014 Herbaceous - Yellow Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 18

BRISTLY GOLDENASTER (Heterotheca SMOOTH CAT'S-EAR (Hypochaeris glabra) PRICKLY LETTUCE (Lactuca serriola) GUMWEED (Madia gracilis) Native Annual - sessiliflora subsp. echioides) Native Perennial - Naturalized Annual - Sunflower Family - Naturalized Annual - Sunflower Family - Sunflower Family - (Apr–Aug) - Open, Sunflower Family - (Jul–Oct) - Grassland, scrub, (Mar–Jun) - Common. Disturbed areas, (May–Oct) - Abundant. Disturbed places - Stem semi-shaded or disturbed sites, many habitats, woodland, open forest, disturbed sites - Plant 2-7 grassland, open woodland - Plant 4-24" tall, 1.6-10' tall, prickly-bristly. Leaves deeply-lobed, incl serpentine - Plant 2.4-40" tall, hairy, upper dm, bristly. Leaves flat, to 5 cm long, upper smooth. Rays 0.2-0.3" long, barely > head bracts. midvein and edges prickly-bristly. Flowers pale half sticky. Leaf 0.4-4" long. Rays yellow, 3-10, reduced. Head bracts not leafy. Only inner fruit beaked. INVASIVE. yellow, 0.16-0.2" wide. 0.06-0.3" long. Bracts 6-10 mm tall.

COAST TARWEED (Madia sativa) Native Annual PINEAPPLE WEED (Matricaria discoidea) DOUGLAS SILVERPUFFS (Microseris douglasii PRICKLY SOW THISTLE (Sonchus asper subsp. - Sunflower Family - (May–Oct) - Grassy, open, Naturalized Annual - Sunflower Family - subsp. douglasii) Native Annual - Sunflower asper) Naturalized Annual - Sunflower Family - or disturbed sites - Plant 3.5-10 dm, hairy, all (Feb–Aug) - Abundant. Disturbed sites, Family - (Mar–Jun) - Grassland, near vernal (All year) - Common. Slightly moist disturbed glandular. Leaf 0.8-7.1" long, 0.1-0.7" wide. Rays riverbanks - Plant 4-12" tall, sweet-scented. pools or serpentine - Plant 2-24". Leaf 1.2-10". sites, along streams - Plant 4-48". Leaf teeth green-yellow, 8-13, 0.06-0.16" long. Head bracts Heads pineapple-shaped, ~ 0.4" wide; head stalk Pappus scales <= 5, 0.04-0.24" long. Fruit widest prickly. Basal lobes of upper leaves rounded, 0.24-0.6" tall. to 0.6" long. at tip. curving downward. Revision: 3/2/2014 Herbaceous - Yellow Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 19

COMMON SOW THISTLE (Sonchus oleraceus) SNOWBERRY (Symphoricarpos albus var. CREEPING SNOWBERRY (Symphoricarpos BUSH LUPINE (Lupinus albifrons var. albifrons) Naturalized Annual - Sunflower Family - (All year) laevigatus) Native Perennial - Honeysuckle mollis) Native Perennial - Honeysuckle Family - Native Perennial - Pea Family - (Mar–Jun) - - Abundant. Disturbed places - Plant 4-55" tall. Family - (May–Jul) - Shady woodland, (Apr–May) - Ridges, slopes, open places in Common. Chaparral, foothill woodland - Shrub Leaf teeth soft to touch. Basal lobes of upper streambanks, N. slopes - Shrub 20-71" tall. woodland - Shrub 6-24" tall, sprawling. Flowers < 2-16' tall, gen distinct trunk, green to silvery. leaves sharply pointed, straight to curving Flowers > 8/cluster, pink, 0.16-0.24" long, 8/cluster, pink + often red outside, 0.16" long, Flowers 0.35-0.6" long, purple, banner back upward. bell-shaped, swollen on 1 side. bell-shaped, symetrical. hairy, keel top ciliate mid to tip.

WOOD ROSE (Rosa gymnocarpa var. WHITE ALDER (Alnus rhombifolia) Native COAST LIVE OAK (Quercus agrifolia var. CALIFORNIA BLACK OAK (Quercus kelloggii) gymnocarpa) Native Perennial - Rose Family - Perennial - Birch Family - (Apr–Jun) - Along agrifolia) Native Perennial - Oak Family - Native Perennial - Oak Family - (Apr–May) - ((Feb)Apr–Jul) - Common. Gen in shade of permanent streams - Tree. Leaves flat, not rusty (Mar–Apr) - Valleys, slopes, mixed-evergreen Slopes, valleys, woodland, conifer forest - Tree < forest, scrub - Shrub w/straight thorns. Flowers underneath, margins serrate, not rolled under. forest, woodland - Tree 30-80'. Leaves convex, 80', deciduous. Leaves 3.5-8" long, supple, gen solitary, stalks sticky, fruit smooth, sepals Female flowers cone-like. Wood used for hair-tuft below in vein axils. Acorns on 1st year deeply-lobed, lobes bristle-tipped. deciduous. furniture and for smoking meats. twigs, shell glabrous inside. Revision: 3/2/2014 Woody - Green/Brown Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 20

VALLEY OAK (Quercus lobata) Native Perennial BIG-LEAF MAPLE (Acer macrophyllum) Native WESTERN POISON OAK (Toxicodendron CALIFORNIA SAGEBRUSH (Artemisia - Oak Family - (Mar–Apr) - Slopes, valleys, Perennial - Soapberry Family - (Mar–Jun) - diversilobum) Native Perennial - Sumac Family - californica) Native Perennial - Sunflower Family - savanna - Tree < 115' tall, deciduous. Leaves Common. Streambanks, canyons - Tree < 100'. (Apr–Jun) - Canyons, slopes, chaparral, coastal (Aug–Nov) - Coastal scrub, chaparral, open 2-5" long, not leathery, deeply lobed, lobes Leaves 5-lobed, 3-6" long, 4-10" wide. Group of scrub, oak woodland - Shrub or vine. Leaflets 3, woodland - Shrub 2-8.5' tall, rounded. Leaves without bristles. Acorns 1.2-2" long, slender, cup 20-90 hanging flowers appear after leaves. red in fall, mid leaflet stalked. Flowers green. 0.4-4", hairy, thread-like, lt green to gray. Flower 0.4-1.2" deep. Winged seeds. Fruits white. TOXIC. heads < 5 mm wide. Sage-scented.

N. CALIFORNIA BLACK WALNUT (Juglans WESTERN SYCAMORE (Platanus racemosa) STRAGGLE GOOSEBERRY (Ribes divaricatum CANYON GOOSEBERRY (Ribes menziesii var. hindsii) Native Perennial - Walnut Family - Native Perennial - Sycamore Family - (Feb–Apr) - var. pubiflorum) Native Perennial - Gooseberry menziesii) Native Perennial - Gooseberry Family (Apr–May) - Along streams, disturbed slopes - Common. Streamsides, canyons, arroyos - Tree Family - (Mar–May) - Uncommon. Coastal bluffs, - (Feb–Apr) - Common. Forest openings, Tree 20-75'. Leaflets 13-21, 3-5". Fruit 1.4-2" 33-115' tall. Bark peeling pale. Leaf blades 4-10" forest edges - Shrub < 10' tall. Petals 0.04-0.08" chaparral - Shrub < 10', prickly. Leaves sticky wide. CNPS: SERIOUSLY ENDANGERED long, palmately lobed, smooth to hairy above, long, white. Styles 0.2-0.3" long, hairy at base. below. Styles glabrous, anthers exserted, sepals (unplanted). short-woolly under. Bracts purplish. purplish. Revision: 3/2/2014 Woody - White Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 21

BRITTLE-LEAF MANZANITA (Arctostaphylos BLUE ELDERBERRY (Sambucus nigra subsp. RIVER RED GUM (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) BLUE GUM (Eucalyptus globulus) Naturalized crustacea subsp. crustacea) Native Perennial - caerulea) Native Perennial - Muskroot Family - Naturalized Perennial - Myrtle Family - (Apr–Jul) - Perennial - Myrtle Family - (Oct–Jan) - Common. Heath Family - (Feb–Apr) - Chaparral, conifer (Mar–Sep) - Common. Streambanks, open Common. Disturbed areas - Tree to 80' tall. Disturbed areas - Tree < 200' tall. Flowers single, forest - Twigs bristly, leaf stalk 0.1-0.2", upper places in forest - Shrub 7-26' tall. Flower cluster Leaves 2-8" long, 0.6-1" wide. Flowers 5-10 in large, gen stemless. Leaves 4-12" long, 1-1.6" leaf surface shiny. flat-topped, 1.6-13" diam, petals spreading. Fruits simple umbel, small, white; bud cap <0.25". wide; used medicinally by Aboriginals. INVASIVE waxy blue-black. INVASIVE. weed.

ALMOND (Prunus dulcis) Naturalized Perennial - WOOLLY FIRETHORN (Pyracantha angustifolia) HIMALAYAN BLACKBERRY (Rubus CALIFORNIA BLACKBERRY (Rubus ursinus) Rose Family - (Feb–Mar) - Canyons, roadsides, Naturalized Perennial - Rose Family - (Feb–Jun) armeniacus) Naturalized Perennial - Rose Family Native Perennial - Rose Family - (Mar–Jul) - grassland (as waif) - Tree 16-26' tall. Leaf blades - Disturbed areas, fencerows, abandoned fields, - (Mar–Jun) - Common. Disturbed areas, Open, disturbed areas - Stem round, 1-4" long. Flowers 1-3/cluster. Petals pink to roadsides - Plant < 13', gray-hairy. Leaves roadsides - Shrub w/thorny 5-angled stem. bristly/prickly. Leaves simple to 3 leaflets, nearly white, 0.5-1" long. Fruit 1-1.6" long, hairy. narrow, entire. Calyx and below leaves often Leaflets 3-5, white-hairy beneath. Blackberry-type underside green. Plants unisexual. Petals Cultivar. woolly. INVASIVE. fruit. INVASIVE. 0.24-0.6" long, white. Blackberry-type fruit. Revision: 3/2/2014 Woody - White Wild Plants of Briones Regional Park - Sorted by Form, Color and Family Page 22

WESTERN HOP TREE (Ptelea crenulata) Native CALIFORNIA BUCKEYE (Aesculus californica) COYOTE BRUSH (Baccharis pilularis subsp. CALIFORNIA BAY (Umbellularia californica) Perennial - Rue Family - (Apr–May) - Scrub, Native Perennial - Soapberry Family - (May–Jun) consanguinea) Native Perennial - Sunflower Native Perennial - Laurel Family - (Nov–May) - woodland - Shrub/tree < 16' tall. Leaflets 3, - Dry slopes, canyons, borders of streams - Large Family - (Jul–Dec) - Coastal bluffs, woodland, Common. Canyons, valleys, chaparral - Tree < 0.8-2.8" long, citrus odor when crushed. Petals shrub or tree 13-39' tall. 5-7 leaflets. Flowers grassland, disturbed sites, occ on serpentine - 150' tall. Leaf 1.2-4", 0.6-1.2" wide, aromatic. green-white, 0.16-0.2" long, fragrant. Fruits 1-2 white to pale rose. Large seeds toxic but edible Shrub < 15' tall, brittle, common. Leaves gen Cluster of 5-10 small, yellow or yellow-green cm long. after leaching out saponins. 0.6-1.6" long. flowers. Fruit 0.8-1" diam.

BUSH MONKEYFLOWER (Mimulus aurantiacus SYDNEY GOLDEN WATTLE (Acacia longifolia) BUSH POPPY (Dendromecon rigida) Native var. aurantiacus) Native Perennial - Lopseed Naturalized Perennial - Pea Family - (Jan-Apr) - Perennial - Poppy Family - (Apr–Jun) - Dry Family - (Mar–Jun) - Disturbed areas, coastal Uncommon. Disturbed places, especially sandy slopes, washes, esp recent burns - Shrub 3.3-10' cliffs, canyon sides - Shrub 4-60". Flowers yellow, coastal areas - Shrub-small tree, spineless. tall. Leaves 1-4" long, 0.3-1" wide. Petals 4, orange or red; 1-2.3" long; bract tube glabrous. Leaves simple, 2-6" long with 2-4 main veins. yellow, 0.8-1.2" long. Many stamens. Flowers bright yellow. Notes:

Decimal Inches

.1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 1 .5 2 .5 3 .5 4 .5 5 .5 6 .5 7 .5 8 .5 9

1/8 1/4 1/2 3/4 1 1/2 2 1/2 3 1/2 4 1/2 5 1/2 6 1/2 7 1/2 8 1/2 9 English Inches

Notes: