年 報 ANNUAL REPORT 2017/18 CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 4 Vision and Mission 2 Role and Functions of 10 the Communications Authority
CHAPTER 2 CHAPTER 5 Chairman’s Message 4 Overview of Major Developments 14 in the Communications Market
CHAPTER 3 CHAPTER 6 Members of 8 Review of the Communications Authority’s 36 the Communications Authority Major Tasks CHAPTER 7 Acknowledgement 52
ANNEX 1 Summary of Non-domestic Television 54 Programme Services
ANNEX 2 Types and Numbers of 56 Telecommunications Licences CHAPTER 1: Vision and Mission
VISION
Our vision is that Hong Kong has the world-class communications services to meet the challenges of the information age.
2 MISSION
• fostering an environment that supports a vibrant communications sector to enhance Hong Kong’s position as a communications hub in the region; • encouraging innovation and investment in the communications market; • promoting competition and adoption of best practices in the communications market for the benefit of the industry and consumers; and • acting in a manner consistent with the provisions of the Hong Kong Bill of Rights Ordinance (Cap. 383).
3 CHAPTER 2: Chairman’s Message
It is a great pleasure for me to present the report of the Communications Authority (the Authority), which provides a detailed account of the tasks undertaken by the Authority for the year ended 31 March 2018 and the challenges that lie ahead.
4 A VIBRANT services. Having regard to the views collected from BROADCASTING MARKET the industry and the public, the Authority decided to relax the regulation of indirect advertising with Relaxation of the Regulation of effect from 27 July 2018. The relaxation sought Indirect Advertising to facilitate broadcasting licensees to diversify their source of advertising while safeguarding the One of the major tasks of the Authority in 2017/18 interests of the audience. The Authority will closely was the review of the regulations governing monitor the implementation of the new rules. indirect advertising in television programme
More Programme Choices in Domestic Free Television Programme Services
Fantastic Television Limited (Fantastic TV) launched its Chinese channel on 14 May 2017 and its English channel on 30 July 2018. Together with HK Television Entertainment Company Limited (HKTVE) and Television Broadcasts Limited (TVB), the three licensees are providing a total of 12 digital and analogue channels with a wide variety of programmes.
5 RAPID GROWTH OF THE On the telecommunications front, a major priority TELECOMMUNICATIONS of the Authority is to make available sufficient MARKET spectrum to meet the huge spectrum demand for the provision of public mobile services and to Hong Kong’s telecommunications market prepare Hong Kong for the launch of the fifth continued to flourish during the year under review. generation (5G) mobile services. In December By March 2018, the number of mobile subscribers 2017, the Authority issued an Invitation for reached 18.39 million, including over 17 million Expression of Interest (EOI Invitation) to solicit users of the third generation (3G) and fourth views from the local industry and other interested generation (4G) mobile services. Mobile network parties on using the 4 100 MHz of spectrum in the operators and mobile virtual network operators 26 GHz band (24.25 – 27.5 GHz) and the 28 GHz were offering 4G services at affordable prices. band (27.5 – 28.35 GHz) for the provision of 5G Mobile data services were available at downlink mobile services in Hong Kong. The Authority speeds of up to 1 100 megabits per second (Mbps) also decided in March 2018 to re-allocate the 3.5 using Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology. In GHz band (3.4 – 3.7 GHz) from satellite service March 2018, the monthly mobile data usage to mobile service. The Authority has conducted further surged to 32 444 Terabytes1, representing public consultations on the proposed arrangements 1.3 times and 1.6 times of the monthly usage over for the assignment of the above spectrum. We the same period in 2017 and 2016 respectively. will make a final decision on the assignment The mobile data usage per capita rose to 4 379 arrangements by the end of this year, taking into Megabytes in March 2018, compared with 3 436 account views received in the consultation process. Megabytes in March 2017 and 2 812 Megabytes Meanwhile, we will continue to identify other new in March 2016. The increasing popularity of 4G spectrum suitable for the provision of 5G services. mobile services has further boosted mobile data Our goal is to make available sufficient spectrum usage. The Authority will continue to put in for the industry to enable the commercial launch place necessary measures to facilitate the robust of 5G services in the timeframe of 2020. development of the mobile services market. Following the promulgation of the Authority’s decision of 24 June 2016 to implement measures MAJOR TASKS AND in three phases to meet the increasing demand CHALLENGES IN THE for mobile numbers through better utilisation of COMING YEAR the 8-digit numbering plan, Phases 1 and 2 were successfully implemented from 1 January and 1 July Looking ahead, we will continue to perform our 2017 respectively. The Authority will continue to regulatory functions on the broadcasting front, work with the industry and the parties concerned and to strike a balance between providing a more and prepare for the implementation of the conducive business environment to broadcasting remaining phase from 1 July 2021. The Authority licensees and the protection of the interests of the will also closely monitor market developments audience.
1 Estimated figures subject to adjustments to be made by operators.
6 and the effectiveness of the newly implemented the Authority for their advice and commitment measures. throughout the year. I am also thankful to colleagues of the Office of the Communications The work that lies ahead will be as diverse and Authority (OFCA) for their tireless efforts in challenging as that in 2017/18. I would like to supporting the Authority. With their dedication take this opportunity to express my appreciation to and professionalism, the Authority will continue my predecessor, Mr Huen Wong, for his leadership to strengthen Hong Kong’s position as Asia’s most in the past year, and my gratitude to members of attractive and competitive communications hub.
7 CHAPTER 3: Members of the Communications Authority (April 2017 – March 2018)
CHAIRMAN (until 8 February 2018)
Mr Huen WONG, BBS, JP Communications Authority
CHAIRMAN (from 12 March 2018 onwards)
Ms Winnie TAM Wan-chi, SC, JP Communications Authority
VICE-CHAIRMAN VICE-CHAIRMAN (until 17 August 2017) (from 18 August 2017 onwards)
Miss Susie Miss Eliza HO Shuk-yee, GBS, JP LEE Man-ching, JP Permanent Secretary for Permanent Secretary for Commerce and Economic Commerce and Economic Development Development (Communications and Creative (Communications and Creative Industries) Industries)
8 MEMBERS
Mr Stephen HUNG Wan-shun Mrs Yvonne LAW Mr Thomas LO Sui-sing, JP SHING Mo-han, BBS, JP
Mr Alan LUI Siu-lun Mr Hubert NG Ching-wah Dr Anthony William SEETO Yiu-wai
Mr Benjamin TANG Kwok-bun, Mr Adrian WONG Koon-man, Prof XU Yan GBS BBS, JP
Miss Eliza LEE Man-ching, JP Miss Agnes WONG Tin-yu, JP Director-General of Communications Director-General of Communications (until 14 August 2017) (from 15 August 2017 onwards)
9 industries in Hong Kong in accordance with the CAO, the Broadcasting Ordinance (Cap. 562) (BO), the Telecommunications Ordinance (Cap. 106) (TO), and the Broadcasting (Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap. 391) (B(MP)O). It shares concurrent jurisdiction respectively with the Customs and Excise Department (C&ED) in enforcing the fair trading sections of the Trade Descriptions Ordinance (Cap. 362) (TDO), and with the Competition Commission (Commission) in CHAPTER 4: enforcing the Competition Ordinance (Cap. 619) (CO) in the telecommunications and broadcasting Role and sectors. It also has a role to regulate the sending of commercial electronic messages (CEMs) Functions of the in accordance with the Unsolicited Electronic Communications Messages Ordinance (Cap. 593) (UEMO). Authority The Authority performs the following functions:
(a) Advisory function to the Secretary for Commerce and Economic Development (SCED) and the Chief Executive in Council (CE in C)
• tendering advice to SCED on any legislation, legislative proposals THE COMMUNICATIONS and regulatory policies relating to telecommunications, broadcasting, anti- AUTHORITY spamming or activities connected with To meet the regulatory challenges brought the telecommunications or broadcasting about by rapid technological advancements sectors; and media convergence, the Authority was • making recommendations to the CE established on 1 April 2012 as an independent in C on applications for and renewal statutory body under the Communications of domestic free television programme Authority Ordinance (Cap. 616) (CAO) and (free TV) service licences, domestic pay took over fully the functions and powers of television programme (pay TV) service the former Telecommunications Authority (TA) licences and sound broadcasting licences; and Broadcasting Authority (BA). Its role is to regulate the broadcasting and telecommunications
10 (b) Unified Regulator of the Communications conveyance of telecommunications and Sector broadcasting services;
• granting and renewing non-domestic • dealing with complaints about television programme (non-domestic telecommunications services and imposing TV) service licences and other licensable sanctions on telecommunications television programme (other licensable operators for contravening the various TV) service licences; provisions and requirements;
• preparing and revising codes of practice • handling the licensing, financial monitoring setting programme, advertising and and regulation of telecommunications technical standards for television and licensees in Hong Kong; radio; (c) Competition Authority of the Communications • dealing with complaints about Sector broadcasting issues and imposing sanctions on the broadcasting operators • enforcing the CO in respect of the for contravening the various provisions conduct of undertakings operating in the and requirements; telecommunications and broadcasting sectors; • handling the licensing, financial monitoring and regulation of broadcasting licensees in Hong Kong; (d) Unfair Trade Practices in the Communications Sector • granting and renewing telecommunications licences; • enforcing the fair trading sections of the TDO in relation to the commercial • managing and administering the practices of licensees for the provision radio frequency spectrum and the of telecommunications or broadcasting telecommunications numbers; services under the TO or BO; and • developing technical standards and conducting equipment testing in line (e) UEMO with international best practices, and ensuring satisfactory performance of • enforcing the UEMO on the sending of the certification bodies in carrying out CEMs. certification and testing against the prescribed technical standards;
• facilitating fixed network operators to access buildings to install in-building telecommunications facilities for the
11 ORGANISATION
Members of the Authority (except the Director- The Broadcast Complaints Committee (BCC) General of Communications (DG Com) who is an is responsible for considering complaints about ex-officio member) are appointed by the Chief broadcasting issues and making recommendations Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative to the Authority regarding such complaints. Region. During the period from April 2017 to During the period from April 2017 to March 2018, March 2018, there were a total of 12 members it comprised five Authority members and four co- (comprising 10 non-official members, including opted non-official members. the Chairman, and two public officers, viz. the Permanent Secretary for Commerce and Economic The Broadcast Codes of Practice Committee Development (Communications and Creative (BCPC) is responsible for keeping the television Industries) and DG Com). and radio broadcasting standards under regular review and amending the codes of practice when The Authority has appointed three committees to necessary. During the period from April 2017 to assist it in discharging part of its major duties: March 2018, it comprised four Authority members and five co-opted members. • the Broadcast Complaints Committee;
• the Broadcast Codes of Practice Committee; The Telecommunications Affairs Committee and (TAC) is responsible for offering advice and reporting to the Authority on telecommunications • the Telecommunications Affairs Committee. matters. It comprises five Authority members.
The Office of the Communications Authority serves as the executive arm and secretariat of the Authority.
12 ORGANISATION CHART
The Communications Authority
BCC BCPC TAC
CHAIRMAN CHAIRMAN CHAIRMAN Mr Adrian WONG Koon-man, Mr Benjamin TANG Kwok-bun, Dr Anthony William SEETO BBS, JP GBS Yiu-wai
MEMBERS MEMBERS MEMBERS Mr Stephen HUNG Wan-shun Mrs Yvonne LAW SHING Mo-han, Mrs Yvonne LAW SHING Mo-han, BBS, JP BBS, JP Mr Hubert NG Ching-wah Mr Thomas LO Sui-sing, JP Mr Thomas LO Sui-sing, JP Mr Benjamin TANG Kwok-bun, (from 30 January 2018 onwards) GBS Mr Alan LUI Siu-lun Mr Hubert NG Ching-wah Mr Thomas LO Sui-sing, JP (until 29 January 2018) Prof XU Yan
CO-OPTED MEMBERS CO-OPTED MEMBERS Mr William CHAN Chun-ho Mr Daniel CHAM Ka-hung, BBS, JP Ms Christina CHEUNG Wai-yee Miss Emba LEUNG Wun-man Ms Amy FUNG Dun-mi, MH Mr Vincent LO Kai-fu Dr Clement SO York-kee Dr Clement SO York-kee Mr Terence WONG Pui-tat
13 460 were receivable in Hong Kong, representing a slight decrease of 1% since March 2017. An overview of the channels provided by the television programme service licensees is shown in Figure 1.
CHAPTER 5: Overview of Major Developments in the Communications As at March 2018, there were three free TV licensees, viz. Fantastic TV, HKTVE and TVB, Market and they provided a total of 11 channels3. Three channels (“Fantastic TV Chinese Channel”4, “Jade” and “Pearl”5) were simulcast in both analogue and digital formats while five were digital channels. HKTVE’s digital channels comprised two HDTV channels, viz. “ViuTV” and “ViuTVsix”. TVB’s digital channels comprised three HDTV channels, namely, “J2”, “TVB News Channel” (formerly “iNews”) and “TVB Finance & Information Channel” (formerly “J5”). Radio Television Hong BROADCASTING Kong (RTHK), as the public service broadcaster in Hong Kong, provided three channels and two of 5.1 An Overview of the them were simulcast in both analogue and digital Developments in the formats. Broadcasting Market
5.1.1 Number of Licensees and Channels
2 Some channels were provided by more than one licensee at the same Television Programme Services time. 3 Fantastic TV launched its second channel, “Hong Kong International Business Channel”, on 30 July 2018. As at March 2018, the total number of free TV, 4 Fantastic TV Chinese Channel was renamed as “Hong Kong Open TV” pay TV and non-domestic TV licensees was 19. with effect from 27 October 2018. 5 The digital simulcast of “Fantastic TV Chinese Channel”, “Jade” and They provided 592 television channels2, of which “Pearl” channels is broadcast in high definition television (HDTV) format.
14 As at March 2018, there were 14 non-domestic TV licensees providing a total of 188 television channels, 56 channels of which were available to Hong Kong viewers, representing an increase of 6% in the number of channels available to Hong Kong viewers since March 2017.
As at March 2018, there were two pay TV licensees, viz. Hong Kong Cable Television Limited (HKCTV) and PCCW Media Limited (PCCW Media), providing a total of 393 pay television channels and offering a diversity of local and overseas productions. Over 120 HDTV channels were offered by the licensees within the same period.
Figure 1: Television Channels Provided by Television Programme Service Licensees in Hong Kong (as at 31 March 2018)
Sources: Licensees
* The simulcast channels of Asia Television Limited (2009-2016), TVB (2009-2018) and Fantastic TV (2018) are counted for both the analogue and digital platforms.
15 During the period under review, the number of other licensable TV licensees providing television programme services in hotels in Hong Kong decreased by one to 22. Together they provided services to more than 70 hotels in Hong Kong.
In addition to television channels provided by television programme service licensees, Hong Kong viewers can receive free unencrypted satellite television programme channels uplinked from Hong Kong and elsewhere. As at March As at March 2018, there were 13 radio channels 2018, there were more than 400 such free-to-air (three by CRHK, three by Metro and seven by satellite television channels available for reception RTHK). All channels provided by the commercial via the Satellite Master Antenna Television licensees and RTHK were broadcast round-the- (SMATV) systems in Hong Kong. The list of clock. channels currently available can be downloaded at http://www.ofca.gov.hk/filemanager/ofca/en/ content_295/st_smatv.pdf. 5.1.2 Transmission Modes
Television Sound Broadcasting Services The regulatory regime for television programme During the period under review, there were two services in Hong Kong as enshrined in the BO is sound broadcasting licensees, namely, Hong technology-neutral6. Licensees are free to choose Kong Commercial Broadcasting Company Limited their transmission arrangements for delivery (CRHK) and Metro Broadcast Corporation Limited of television services. Broadcasters can build (Metro). RTHK as the public service broadcaster their own transmission networks to deliver their also provided sound broadcasting service. services and, in such cases, they need to apply for a carrier licence from the Authority to cover the transmission network. Alternatively, they can engage any of the existing carrier licensees to provide the transmission service. Licensees can also provide their television programme services via multiple transmission platforms so as to maximise the coverage.
The transmission modes employed by television programme service licensees are set out in Figure 2.
6 An exception is that a service provided on the Internet is exempted from the regulatory regime under the BO.
16 Figure 2: Transmission Modes Employed by Television Programme Service Licensees
Network Coverage Licensee Transmission Mode as at March 2018
Free TV
TVB Terrestrial UHF7, including 99% of population (a) Analogue PAL-I format; and (b) Digital National Standard format
HKTVE Terrestrial UHF and Fixed broadband network 99% of population
Fantastic TV HFC8 and MMDS9 Around 93% of total households
Pay TV
HKCTV HFC, MMDS and satellite (Digital) Around 96% of total households
PCCW Media PON and DSL10 Broadband network (Digital) Around 97% of total households
Non-domestic TV
All the 14 licensees Satellite (Digital) 34% of total households (880 568 households)11
7 Terrestrial Ultra High Frequency. 10 Passive Optical Network and Digital Subscriber Line. 8 Hybrid Fibre Coaxial Cable. 11 The non-domestic TV services mainly serve viewers in the Asia-Pacific region, Europe and Africa and do not target Hong Kong, but some Hong 9 Microwave Multipoint Distribution System. Kong households can receive the unencrypted channels.
17 Penetration of Different Broadcasting Services
For free TV services, the penetration rate of analogue broadcasting stood at about 98% of the total households as at end of March 201812. As regards digital terrestrial television (DTT) services, the take-up rate was about 88% of all the households in October 201713.
The penetration of licensed pay TV services was about 85%14 of the total households as at end of in March 201815. The changes in total number March 2018. The total number of subscribers to of subscribers from 2009 to 2018 are shown in licensed pay TV services stood at about 2.1 million Figure 3.
Figure 3: Subscribers to Licensed Pay TV Services in Hong Kong
Sources: Licensees
12 Source: CSM Media Research. 14 Penetration of licensed pay TV services is calculated by dividing the total number of subscribers to licensed pay TV services by the total number 13 According to a public survey conducted from August to October 2017, of households. Some subscribers were counted more than once if they about 88% of the households in Hong Kong were receiving DTT services. subscribed to more than one pay TV service. 15 Some subscribers were counted more than once if they subscribed to more than one service.
18 Sound Broadcasting Advertising Revenue
During the period under review, the radio According to the report of admanGo, the broadcasters provided their services in FM and advertising expenditures on television and radio AM modes. Seven FM programme channels accounted for 32% (about $13.41 billion) and were provided through seven hilltop sites and 4% (about $1.68 billion) respectively of the supplemented by two low-power FM gap- accumulated $41.9 billion advertising expenditures fillers. In addition, six AM programme channels in the media in 201717. were broadcast from two island and hilltop sites, supplemented by six low-power AM/FM gap- In 2017, the actual advertising revenues of HKTVE fillers to improve the AM programme services. The and TVB were around $185 million and $2.46 services practically covered the whole territory of billion respectively. The actual advertising revenues Hong Kong. of other licensees were not publicly available.
5.1.3 Broadcasting Revenues and Investment
Licensed broadcasting services contributed an estimated $8.18 billion16 to the Hong Kong economy, which represented about 0.3% of the gross domestic product in 2017. There are two main sources of revenues for the provision of broadcasting services, viz. advertising and subscription. The incomes of free TV licensees and sound broadcasting licensees mainly come from sales of advertising spots within programme Subscription Revenue breaks. Pay TV licensees, on the other hand, derive their incomes mainly from subscription fees According to the annual report of PCCW Limited while sales of advertising spots remain a secondary (PCCW), the holding company of PCCW Media, income source. the turnover of its pay TV service and related services provided in Hong Kong under the “now” brand was $2.75 billion in 2017, representing a decrease of 5% over the figure in 2016.
The subscription revenue of HKCTV is not publicly available.
16 Source: Company reports of major broadcasting licensees. 17 Source: Adspend Report for 2017 of admanGo. All the advertising expenditures presented in the report have taken into consideration the discount factor based on an assumption of 60% off rate card rate.
19 Investment in Broadcasting Industry to increasing the amount of independent local productions in their programming progressively18. Key investment projects in the television industry in recent years include digitisation of the terrestrial broadcasting network, HDTV content As regards the pay TV market, i-CABLE and production technology, interactive television Communications Limited, the parent company services, and regular network maintenance and of HKCTV, reported in its 2017 Final Results upgrades that are required to maintain or expand Announcement that the capital expenditure of the ever-advancing scope of services. In addition, the group for the year had decreased from $238 with the increasingly competitive television industry, million in 2016 to $208 million in 2017. Its major the exclusive rights to broadcast premium contents items of investment included property, plant such as sports events have been a major attraction and equipment. According to the 2017 Annual to viewers. Report of PCCW, the parent company of PCCW Media, the capital expenditure for the year on its media business was $235 million, representing an Fantastic TV, HKTVE and TVB have committed to increase of 22% over the figure in the previous investing a total of $1.2 billion for the six-year year. Its major items of investment included the period from 2016 to 2022, $1.5 billion for the six- upgrading of production studio facilities. year period from 2015 to 2021 and $6.3 billion for the six-year period from 2016 to 2021 respectively for the provision of free TV services. Investment CRHK and Metro have committed to investing a commitments of Fantastic TV, HKTVE and TVB total of $909 million and $685 million respectively comprise capital expenditures and programming for the six-year period from 2016 to 2022 for the expenditures. As at March 2018, both Fantastic provision of sound broadcasting services. The TV and HKTVE provided a total of 168 hours of investment commitment of CRHK and Metro covers HDTV programmes per week, while TVB provided programming improvement and upgrading of a total of 807 hours of such programmes per infrastructure and facilities and other developments week. Fantastic TV and TVB have also committed brought by technological advancement to further enhance their service quality.
18 TVB has agreed to increase its independent local productions incrementally from 20 hours per year in 2016 to 60 hours per year by 2020. Fantastic TV has also agreed to increase such productions incrementally from 20 hours per year in 2018 to 60 hours per year by 2022.
20 5.1.4 Programme Variety and Positive Fantastic TV, HKTVE and TVB, of which 10 370 Programme Requirements hours were on analogue channels and 29 260 hours on digital channels. Of the 393 channels (a) Programme Variety and Diversity provided by pay TV licensees, 76 channels (19.3%) were produced by the licensees themselves. Number of Broadcast Hours and Hours of Station Productions Free TV Services As at March 2018, the licensees broadcast about 67 478 hours of television programmes a week. Chinese and English Channels Among them, the three analogue channels of Fantastic TV and TVB provided a total of 503 During the period under review, drama series broadcast hours per week. The eight digital and news/weather reports were the dominating channels of Fantastic TV, HKTVE and TVB provided programme genres during prime time on the a total of 1 293 broadcast hours per week, while Chinese channels (viz. “Fantastic TV Chinese the 393 channels of the two pay TV licensees Channel”, “Jade” and “ViuTV”). Drama series on provided a total of 56 274 broadcast hours per “Jade” were mostly in-house productions; while week. As at March 2018, the 56 channels of non- “Fantastic TV Chinese Channel”, “Jade” and domestic TV licensees receivable in Hong Kong “ViuTV” broadcast Mainland, Korean and Japanese provided a total of 9 408 broadcast hours per drama series. In addition, children’s programmes/ week. animation, magazine/talk shows, business/financial programmes, music programmes/variety shows and feature films, etc. were also broadcast during The weekly number of broadcast hours for CRHK, prime time on the Chinese channels. The three Metro and RTHK as at March 2018 was 2 184. channels provided by RTHK presented a variety of programmes to serve a broad spectrum of For the period under review, there were a total of audiences and cater to the needs of minority 39 630 hours of station productions broadcast on interest groups.
21 Figure 4: Weekly Hours of Different Types of Programme Broadcast on Fantastic TV Chinese Channel, Jade and ViuTV as at March 2018
Weekly Total: 502.9 Hours * Other programmes include hobbies and leisure programmes, documentaries and programmes for senior citizens etc. Sources: Fantastic TV, HKTVE & TVB
The English channels (viz. “Pearl” and “ViuTVsix”) popular drama series, sports programmes, music broadcast a wide range of programmes, including programmes/variety shows, documentaries, feature business/financial programmes, news/weather films, education/enrichment programmes and reports, children’s programmes/animation, imported current affairs programmes.
Figure 5: Weekly Hours of Different Types of Programme Broadcast on Pearl and ViuTVsix as at March 2018
Weekly Total: 287.5 Hours * Other programmes include sports programmes, travelogues and health/medical programmes etc. Sources: HKTVE & TVB
22 Thematic Channels Pay TV Services
During the period under review, TVB provided During the period under review, a wide variety of acquired dramas, documentaries, variety shows, channels were offered on pay TV services, including news, finance information programmes, etc. via entertainment/infotainment channels (32.1%), “J2”, “TVB News Channel” and “TVB Finance & sports channels (18.6%), news/information Information Channel”. channels (14.5%), movie channels (10.4%), and documentary/learning channels (9.7%).
Figure 6: Nature of Pay TV Channels as at March 2018
Total Channels: 393 Sources: Licensees
23 As at March 2018, HKCTV offered 133 channels RTHK operated seven radio channels, providing (including 38 HDTV channels). PCCW Media’s Cantonese, English and Putonghua services. It “now TV” service offered 195 channels (including offered a variety of thematic channels ranging from 86 HDTV channels) and 65 video-on-demand information to general entertainment and culture. services.
(b) Positive Programme Sound Broadcasting Requirements
As at March 2018, CRHK operated two FM During the period under review, free TV licensees Cantonese language services, viz. “CR1” and (viz. Fantastic TV, HKTVE and TVB) were required “CR2”, and one AM English language service, to broadcast at least 27.5 hours of positive “AM 864”. “CR1” mainly provided news, current programmes19 per week. They all met the affairs, financial and personal view programmes. requirements20. “CR2” was mainly an entertainment channel featuring pop culture and music targeting young The reports submitted by the licensees to the listeners. “AM864” was primarily a music channel. Authority on six types of positive programmes, viz. current affairs programmes, documentaries, Metro operated two FM Cantonese language children’s programmes, programmes for young services, viz. “Metro Finance” and “Metro Info”, persons, programmes for senior citizens and arts and one AM English language service, viz. “Metro and culture programmes, are available at http:// Plus”. “Metro Finance” provided real-time, market- www.ofca.gov.hk/en/pub_report/compliance_ moving news and information about financial reports/index.html. markets around the world. “Metro Info” provided music and entertainment programmes as well as programmes on lifestyle, health, market news and other information of interest to the public. “Metro Plus” was a music channel which also provided programmes for ethnic groups including the Filipino, Indian and Thai communities in Hong Kong.
19 The positive programmes that Fantastic TV, HKTVE and TVB were required 20 TVB was required to broadcast at least 45.5 hours of positive programmes to broadcast included news, current affairs programmes, documentaries, per week, including four hours of positive programmes per week on its arts and culture programmes, children’s programmes and programmes for thematic digital channels (viz “J2”, “TVB Finance & Information Channel” senior citizens and young persons. and “TVB News Channel”). To provide more flexibility for new free TV licensees, HKTVE was allowed to gradually increase the broadcast of positive programmes from 34.5 hours per week in 2016 to 41.5 hours per week by 2019. As Fantastic TV uses a fixed network as its transmission means to deliver free TV service, the programme requirements of Fantastic TV are less stringent than those applicable to other spectrum-based free TV licensees (viz. HKTVE and TVB). It was required to broadcast at least 27.5 hours of positive programmes per week.
24 Figure 7: Broadcast of Positive Programmes on the Chinese Channels of Fantastic TV, HKTVE and TVB as at March 2018
Sources: Fantastic TV, HKTVE & TVB
Free TV licensees were required to provide Chinese between 8:00 p.m. and 11:30 p.m. As a whole, subtitles for all news, current affairs programmes, Fantastic TV22, HKTVE23 and TVB complied with the weather reports and emergency announcements, requirements on provision of subtitles. as well as programmes broadcast during prime time (7:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m.) on the Chinese Pursuant to licence requirements, Fantastic TV, channels. They are also required to provide English HKTVE and TVB were required to broadcast one subtitles for all news, current affairs programmes, minute of Announcements in the Public Interest weather programmes, emergency announcements (APIs) in each hour on each channel. Also, they and educational programmes for teenagers are required to broadcast, on a weekly basis, not 21 (two hours per week) on the English channels . more than five minutes in aggregate of publicity HKTVE and TVB were required to provide Chinese material for the Authority on each of the Chinese subtitling for all drama programmes on the and English channels24. During the period under Chinese channels and English subtitling for all review, Fantastic TV, HKTVE and TVB broadcast a programmes broadcast on the English channels total of 1 140 hours of the two types of materials25.
21 TVB is required to provide, on its thematic digital channels, Chinese 23 To provide more flexibility for new free TV licensees, HKTVE was allowed subtitles for all news, current affairs programmes, weather reports and to step up the subtitling service incrementally from 2016 to 2019. emergency announcements as well as programmes broadcast during 24 TVB is required to broadcast two minutes of publicity material for the prime time. Authority per week on its thematic digital channels. 22 To provide more flexibility for new free TV licensees, Fantastic TV was 25 If a free TV channel was simulcast in both analogue and digital formats, allowed to step up the subtitling service incrementally from 2018 to the total hours of APIs and publicity material for the Authority were 2020. calculated only by reference to the materials broadcast in digital format.
25 As regards sound broadcasting services, sound All sound broadcasting licensees were required to broadcasting licensees were required to broadcast broadcast one minute of APIs in each hour and not at least 28.5 hours of positive programmes26 per more than five minutes of publicity material for the week. CRHK and Metro reported that they had Authority each week in each service channel. All complied with the licence conditions on broadcast licensees complied with the requirements. of positive programmes.
Figure 8: Broadcast of Positive Programmes on Sound Broadcasting Services as at March 2018
5.1.5 Hong Kong as a Regional Broadcasting Hub
Hong Kong is a broadcasting hub in the Asia- Pacific region, with 14 non-domestic TV licensees operating in and broadcasting from Hong Kong. Altogether they offered a total of 188 satellite television channels with 56 channels receivable in Hong Kong, serving viewers in the Asia-Pacific region, Europe and Africa. A summary of non- domestic TV services as at March 2018 is at Annex 1.
26 The positive programmes that CRHK and Metro were required to broadcast included news and weather programmes, current affairs programmes, art and culture programmes and advisory programmes, viz. programmes for young persons, senior citizens and children.
26 TELECOMMUNICATIONS facility-based fixed, mobile and/or converged telecommunications services in Hong Kong. 5.2 An Overview of the Telecommunications Market A Unified Carrier Licence (UCL) for the provision of local fixed service authorises the licensee to Hong Kong has one of the most sophisticated establish and maintain fixed network, wireline- and successful telecommunications market in the based or wireless-based, or a combination world. This has been an important factor in Hong of both where applicable, to provide local Kong’s development as a leading business and telecommunications services between fixed points financial centre. In 2017, the telecommunications within Hong Kong. A UCL for the provision of sector employed around 20 400 persons whilst its external fixed service authorises the licensee to gross output amount to $93 billion in 2016. provide external facilities as well as external services operated over external facilities. A UCL for the All sectors of Hong Kong’s telecommunications provision of mobile service enables the licensee to market have been liberalised with no foreign provide two-way communications between moving ownership restrictions. The Authority’s objectives locations or between a moving location and a fixed are to maintain a level playing field in the open location in Hong Kong. The issue of new UCL for and competitive telecommunications market and the provision of mobile service is subject to the to ensure that consumers get the best services availability of radio spectrum for assignment. An available in terms of efficiency, quality and price. operator may apply for a single UCL to provide all the above services. 5.2.1 The Telecommunications Regulatory Regime Fixed Carrier Licences (FCLs) and Mobile Carrier Licences (MCLs) which were issued before the Carrier Licences introduction of the UCL remain valid until their expiry. Holders of FCL and MCL may apply to the The Authority issues carrier licences to facility- Authority for UCL to replace their licences before based operators, authorising them to establish or upon expiry. and maintain telecommunications networks and facilities which may cross unleased Government As at March 2018, there were a total of 61 carrier land and public streets, for the provision of public licensees, providing local fixed services, cable- telecommunications services. based external fixed services, non cable-based external fixed services and/or mobile services. The unified carrier licensing regime has been Among them, there were five holders of FCLs and implemented since 1 August 2008 as the one holder of MCL and the remaining were UCL single licensing vehicle for the provision of holders.
27 Public Radiocommunications Service security and fire alarm signals transmission Licences service, teleconferencing service and mobile communications service on board an aircraft. Services which may be authorised under the Public Radiocommunications Service (PRS) Licence include radio paging, community repeater (trunked radio) As at March 2018, there were a total of 522 SBO services, vehicle location information services, licensees. oneway data message services and public mobile radio data services. Class Licences
As the provision of radiocommunications services The class licensing regime does not require requires the assignment of suitable operating any licence application. Parties meeting the frequencies, PRS Licences are granted only when specified eligibility criteria and conditions would the required radio spectrum is available. automatically become the class licensees, and are required to comply with the conditions set out in the relevant Class Licence as well as the TO. As at March 2018, there were a total of seven PRS Currently there are nine types of Class Licences: licensees. • Class Licence for 79 GHz Automotive Radar
Services-based Operator Licences • Class Licence for 60 GHz Device
Services-based Operators (SBO) make use of • Class Licence for Citizens Band Radio Station the networks and facilities of other licensed facility-based operators for the provision of • Class Licence for In-building Telecommunications public telecommunications services, but they Systems are not authorised to establish or maintain any • Class Licence for Medical Implant Communication telecommunications means which cross public System Device streets or unleased Government lands. • Class Licence for Short Range Device
SBO licence covers three types of services, namely, • Class Licence for Taxi Mobile Station Class 1 and Class 2 local voice telephony services, and Class 3 services which may include external • Class Licence for Offer of Telecommunications telecommunications service, Internet access service, Services international value-added network service, mobile virtual network operator service, private payphone • Class Licence for Provision of Public Wireless service, public radio communications relay service, Local Area Network Services
28 Other Licences The four mobile network operators provide second generation (2G), 3G and 4G services in Hong Apart from the licences mentioned above, there Kong at very affordable prices. As at March 2018, are a number of miscellaneous licences under the there were about 18.39 million subscribers to purview of the Authority. mobile communications services. This represents a population penetration of 248.2%, one of the A breakdown of the types and numbers of all highest in the world. The number of 3G/4G users telecommunications licences is at Annex 2. reached 17 million in March 2018, representing a population penetration of 231.9%. Through spectrum refarming, more spectrum is now used 5.2.2 Developments in the for provision of 4G services with a downlink speed Telecommunications Market up to 1.1 gigabit per second (Gbps). and Technology Trends
With the increasing popularity of smart phones, Mobile Communications Services particularly 4G mobile handsets which were readily Competition in public mobile services is keen. As available in the market, the monthly mobile data at March 2018, four mobile network operators, usage surged to 32 444 Terabytes27 in March namely, China Mobile Hong Kong Company 2018, representing 1.3 times and 1.6 times the Limited (CMHK), Hong Kong Telecommunications monthly usage over the same period in 2017 (HKT) Limited (HKT), Hutchison Telephone and 2016 respectively. The mobile data usage Company Limited (HTCL) and SmarTone Mobile per capita reached 4 379 Megabytes in March Communications Limited (SmarTone), were 2018, compared with 3 436 Megabytes in March providing a wide range of public mobile services. 2017 and 2 812 Megabytes in March 2016. The The availability of mobile number portability continued development of 4G mobile services is since March 1999 has contributed to promoting expected to further boost mobile data usage in the effective competition among the mobile network future. operators as it enables customers to retain their telephone numbers when they switch to another mobile network operator.
27 Estimated figures subject to adjustments to be made by operators.
29 Figure 9: Number of Mobile Subscribers (2008 to 2017)
Figure 10: Mobile Customers using Postpaid and Prepaid SIM (2008 to 2017)
30 Figure 11: Mobile Data Usage (2008 to 2017)
Fixed Communications Services As at March 2018, there were 26 local fixed carriers, providing around 94 fixed lines per 100 The local fixed communications services market has households, one of the highest in the world. They been fully liberalised since 2003. There is no preset were, in alphabetical order: limit on the number of licences to be issued for fixed services, or deadline for submission of licence • 21 ViaNet Group Limited applications. Furthermore, there is no specific • China Mobile Hong Kong Company Limited requirement on network roll-out and investment • China Telecom Global Limited and licensees may provide their services according to their proposals. • China Unicom (Hong Kong) Operations Limited • ComNet Telecom (HK) Limited • Easy Tone Network Limited • Equinix Hong Kong Limited • HGC Global Communications Limited • HKBN Enterprise Solutions Limited • HKC Network Limited • Hong Kong Broadband Network Limited • Hong Kong Cable Television Limited • Hong Kong Telecommunications (HKT) Limited
31 • NTT Com Asia Limited Fixed Broadband Services
• PCCW Global (HK) Limited As at March 2018, 26 facility-based operators and • PCCW-HKT Telephone Limited and Hong Kong 209 SBOs were authorised to provide broadband Telecommunications (HKT) Limited Internet access services in Hong Kong. With • Reach Networks Hong Kong Limited and Reach the continuous network roll-out of facility- Cable Networks Limited based operators, the Hong Kong community is able to enjoy nearly ubiquitous coverage of • SmarTone Communications Limited broadband networks through the deployment of • Superloop (Hong Kong) Limited various technologies including asymmetric digital • Telstra International HK Limited and Telstra subscriber line, hybrid fibre coaxial cable, fibre-to- International Limited the-building, fibre-to-the-home, etc. Broadband access to various applications and content services • Towngas Telecommunications Fixed Network has become an integral part of the life of people Limited in Hong Kong. As at March 2018, there were • TraxComm Limited around 2.66 million residential and commercial • Verizon Hong Kong Limited fixed broadband subscribers, with a household penetration rate of 93%. Broadband services • Village Telephone Limited are available at speeds up to 10 Gbps. Around • Vodafone Enterprise Global Network HK Limited 83% of the broadband subscribers are using • WTT HK Limited service plans with speeds at 10 Mbps or above. The statistics of fixed broadband subscribers as at March 2018 and the statistics for the past 10 years As a result of the active network roll-out by fixed are shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13 respectively. carriers and the former TA’s initiative to encourage further network roll-out by the withdrawal of mandatory Type II interconnection policy in mid- Figure 12: Statistics of Fixed Broadband 2008, 88.9% and 79.1% of households were able Subscribers as at March 2018 to enjoy a choice of at least two and three self- built customer access networks respectively as at No. of subscribers % share March 2018. It is expected that the figures will Total No. of broadband 2 658 068 keep growing as the carriers continue to roll out subscribers their networks.
Broadband speed of 2 213 354 83.3% 10Mbps or above Local fixed carriers are required to facilitate fixed Broadband speed number portability which enables consumers to 444 714 16.7% below 10Mbps switch to another fixed carrier without having to change their telephone numbers. Residential 2 369 050 89.1%
Commercial 289 018 10.9%
32 Figure 13: Fixed Broadband Subscribers (2008 to 2017)
Next Generation Networks operators have already launched their NGNs. With the advent of NGN, the Authority will remain Traditional telecommunications networks are vigilant about the challenges to be brought about built based on circuit-switched technologies by NGN and ensure that the regulatory framework and are primarily designed for the conveyance remains updated and appropriate in the NGN and provision of dedicated telecommunications era. After the completion of a consultancy study services. With the advent of new technologies, commissioned to examine the implication of NGN it is now possible to build a single network for development on the regulatory framework in the conveyance and provision of a variety of Hong Kong, OFCA reconvened the NGN working services, including fixed voice telephony service, group between 2012 and 2016 to follow up data service, mobile service and television service. on the relevant recommendations made by the Such new networks, commonly referred to as next consultant and other issues pertaining to the generation networks (NGNs), serve as an open development of NGN in Hong Kong. With the platform through which service providers are able support of the Telecommunications Regulatory to develop innovative services and applications, and Affairs Advisory Committee, a technical regulatory establish direct relationship with their customers. working group has been established since 2016 to take up the work under the NGN working group In Hong Kong, the development of NGNs has and to study the various technical regulatory issues always been driven by technical and commercial related to telecommunications networks, systems considerations of carriers. The major network and services in Hong Kong. OFCA will continue
33 to work closely with the industry to address As at March 2018, there were eight cable landing various technical regulatory issues, including NGN stations in Hong Kong: two in Tong Fuk, three in issues, to facilitate the efficient development and Tseung Kwan O and one each in Deep Water Bay, deployment of new telecommunications services Chung Hom Kok and Cape D’Aguilar, making it a and technologies in Hong Kong. major telecommunications and Internet hub in the region.
Public Wi-Fi Services In March 2018, Hong Kong was connected to 11 Operators have been actively rolling out Wi-Fi regional and transcontinental submarine cable networks. Eight network operators and 138 class systems. They are Asia Africa Europe-1 (AAE- licensees are providing public Wi-Fi services. As 1), Asia-America Gateway Cable System (AAG), at March 2018, there were 50 939 public Wi- Asia Pacific Cable Network 2 (APCN-2), Asia Fi hotspots in the city and the number continued Pacific Gateway (APG), Asia Submarine-Cable to grow. Free Wi-Fi services were available to the Express (ASE), EAC - C2C, FLAG Europe Asia (FEA), public in 636 government premises. FLAG North Asia Loop (FNAL)/REACH North Asia Loop (RNAL), Sea-Me-We 3 (SMW3), South-East Asia Japan Cable System (SJC) and TGN-Intra Asia External Telecommunications Services Cable System (TGN-IA). As at March 2018, the The external telecommunications facilities market total equipped external capacity exceeded 59 856 has been fully liberalised since 2000. As at March Gbps. Total external telephone traffic was 4.2 2018, 42 fixed carriers were authorised to provide billion minutes for the period from 1 April 2017 cable-based and/or non-cable-based external to 31 March 2018. Landing of four additional telecommunications facilities. submarine cable systems is in the pipeline and they are expected to be ready for service between 2018 and 2020.
34 Figure 14: Submarine Cables between Hong Kong and Other Countries
Satellite Services and provide satellite communication services, namely, Asia Satellite Telecommunications Hong Kong adopts an open sky policy in regulating Company Limited (AsiaSat) and APT Satellite the provision of satellite services. Satellite-based Company Limited (APT). AsiaSat and APT were telecommunications and television broadcasting established in 1988 and 1992 respectively. services are provided via a multitude of satellites in the region with more than 200 transmitting/ receiving satellite antennas in earth stations Currently, a total of 11 in-orbit satellites are operated by a number of fixed carriers and operated by AsiaSat and APT. The two companies broadcasters. have entered a new investment cycle of launching new satellites for replacement and provision of new business. APT submitted an application in Licences are required for the operation of satellites June 2017 to launch a new satellite in the second and associated facilities. As at March 2018, two quarter of 2018. Hong Kong companies were licensed to operate
35 IBCCDS, residents can receive Fantastic TV’s service through interconnection of their IBCCDS with HKCTV’s network. Currently, Fantastic TV has a coverage of about 93% of the total number of households in Hong Kong.
CHAPTER 6: Review of the Authority’s Major Tasks Pursuant to its free TV licence, Fantastic TV is required to launch a 24-hour English channel by 30 May 2018. In April 2018, Fantastic TV applied to the Authority for an extension of the deadline for launching its English channel by two months to 30 July 2018. Having considered the unique circumstances of this case, the Authority granted a two-month grace period to enable Fantastic TV to roll out its English channel. Fantastic TV launched BROADCASTING its English channel on 30 July 2018.
6.1 Monitoring the Roll-out of New Free TV Services 6.2 Review of the Regulation of Indirect Advertising Fantastic TV started to provide its licensed free TV In 2017/18, the Authority conducted a review of service by launching a 24-hour Chinese channel the regulation of indirect advertising in television on 14 May 2017, using the hybrid fibre coaxial programme services and advertisements for network operated by HKCTV for transmission of undertakers and associated services. The objective programme signals. Residents of buildings with in- of the review was to provide a more conducive building coaxial cable distribution systems (IBCCDS) business environment to licensees on the one hand installed by HKCTV can readily receive Fantastic while protecting the interests of audience on the TV’s free TV service. For buildings with their own other.
36 Upon completion of the review, revisions to the associated services on TV and radio was also lifted relevant Codes of Practice were made to relax the on the same day. regulation governing indirect advertising. With effect from 27 July 2018, indirect advertising is permitted in TV programmes except for news 6.3 Application for Free TV programmes, current affairs programmes, Licence children’s programmes, educational programmes, In April 2014, the Authority received an application religious service and other devotional programmes. for a free TV licence from Hong Kong Television Product placement (i.e. the type of indirect Network Limited (HKTV). In January 2016, the advertising where licensees receive payment or Authority submitted to the CE in C its assessment other valuable consideration for exposure or use of of and recommendations on HKTV’s free TV products/services within a programme) is allowed licence application. In September 2016, the CE in so long as the exposure or use of products/services C agreed with the Authority’s recommendations within a programme is presented in a natural and decided to give HKTV more time to submit the and unobtrusive manner having regard to the information required under the BO, and invited the programme context and genre, and that there is Authority, on receipt of the required information no direct encouragement of purchase or use of from HKTV, to submit further recommendations to the products/services. To protect the interests of the CE in C on HKTV’s application. Following the viewers, licensees are required to clearly inform CE in C’s decision, the Authority followed up with viewers of the inclusion of indirect advertising HKTV on the required information. In March 2018, before a programme starts. The prohibition on HKTV withdrew the application due to commercial broadcast of advertisements for undertakers and considerations.
37 6.4 Non-domestic and Other 6.5 Processing Complaints Licensable TV Licences relating to Broadcasting Services During the period under review, the Authority approved an application for renewal of a non- Overview of the Complaints Processed domestic TV licence from Phoenix Satellite Television Company Limited. During the period from April 2017 to March 2018, the Authority processed a total of 1 866 cases 28 The Authority also accepted the surrender of a (4 342 complaints) about the materials broadcast non-domestic TV licence by BIG BIG CHANNEL by broadcasters, which represented a slight increase LIMITED and an other licensable TV licence of 0.5% in the number of cases but a significant by Fergurson Hong Kong Limited due to the decrease of 75% in the number of complaints 29 commercial decisions of the licensees. processed , as compared with the numbers recorded during the same period in the previous year (1 856 cases, 17 078 complaints). Breakdown of all the complaint cases by broadcasting service and broadcaster processed during the period is shown in Figure 15 and Figure 16 respectively.
Figure 15: Distribution of All Complaint Cases by Broadcasting Service Processed in 2017/18
28 To ensure operational efficiency, complaints with similar allegations 29 The significant difference between the number of complaints processed against the same issue or broadcast material are handled together and in 2017/18 and that in 2016/17 was mainly attributed to a complaint counted as a single case. case against the provision of simplified Chinese subtitles only and/or the use of Putonghua in some news programmes broadcast on the former J5 Channel of TVB which gave rise to over 13 000 complaints in 2016/17.
38 Figure 16: Distribution of All Complaint Cases by Among all the complaint cases processed by the Broadcaster Processed in 2017/18 Authority, the DG Com handled 1 856 cases No. of No. of (3 588 complaints) under delegated power of the Broadcasters Complaint Complaints Authority. These complaints involved breaches of Involved Cases Involved a minor nature, or contained allegations which TVB 1 010 2 394 did not constitute any breach or were outside HKTVE 95 113 the remit of section 11(1) of the B(MP)O (i.e. the
Fantastic TV 36 40 allegations concerned matters not regulated under the relevant legislation, licence conditions or codes HKCTV 47 47 of practice). The Authority dealt with 10 cases PCCW Media 56 56 (754 complaints). Outcomes of all the complaints TVBNV 1 1 processed by the Authority during this period are CRHK 146 171 listed in Figure 17.
Metro 9 9
RTHK (TV) 74 114
RTHK (Radio) 134 140
Multiple Broadcasters 258 1 257
Total 1 866 4 342
Figure 17: Outcomes of all the Complaints Dealt With by the Authority and DG Com
Within Section 11(1) of B(MP)O Outside Section 11(1) of Substantiated Unsubstantiated B(MP)O Total The The DG Com DG Com DG Com Authority Authority No. of Cases 8 157 2 1 332 367 1 866
No. of Complaints 430 203 324 2 879 506 4 342
Complaints Dealt with by the Authority Figure 18: Breakdown of Complaint Cases Dealt With by the Authority by Among the 10 complaint cases dealt with by the Broadcasting Service
Authority, two concerned free TV services (involving No. of No. of 729 complaints, which accounted for 96.7% of Types of Complaint Complaints Broadcasting Service Cases Involved the total number of complaints dealt with by the Authority). A breakdown of these complaint cases Free TV 2 729 by broadcasting service is shown in Figure 18. Pay TV 2 2
Sound Broadcasting 5 22
RTHK (Radio) 1 1
39 Regarding the nature of the broadcast materials one case concerned the licensee’s deviation from under complaint and handled by the Authority, certain requirements under its licence without the six of them were about programmes; three were Authority’s approval. about advertisements; and the remaining one was related to licence conditions. Eight of them The Authority issued one serious warning, one were substantiated. Among these substantiated warning, four pieces of strong advice and two cases, three cases involved the use of language in pieces of advice to the broadcasters concerned. A programmes; two cases concerned misleading or breakdown of the decisions of the Authority on untruthful contents in advertisements; one case the complaints dealt with in 2017/18 is shown in was about indirect advertising; one case involved Figure 19. depiction of sexual violence in programme; and
Figure 19: Decision of the Authority on Complaint Cases during 2017/18
Decision of PCCW the Authority TVB HKCTV Media CRHK Metro RTHK Total
No Further Action 1 1 0 0 0 0 2
Advice 0 0 0 2 0 0 2
Strong Advice 1 0 0 1 1 1 4
Warning 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
Serious Warning 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
Financial Penalty 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 2 1 1 4 1 1 10
40 TELECOMMUNICATIONS The hybrid approach will best meet the four objectives in spectrum re-assignment, namely, 6.6 Re-assignment of ensuring customer service continuity, efficient Frequency Spectrum in the spectrum utilisation, promotion of effective 900 MHz and 1800 MHz competition, and encouragement of investment Bands and promotion of innovative services. In particular, by re-assigning 40% of the spectrum to the Among the 552 MHz of spectrum currently incumbent spectrum assignees through the offer assigned for the provision of public mobile of a right of first refusal, it will safeguard the telecommunications services, the existing provision of 4G services in the Mass Transit Railway assignments for 49.8 MHz of spectrum in the premises and the provision of territory-wide 2G 900 MHz band and 148.8 MHz of spectrum in voice services. the 1800 MHz band will expire during the period between November 2020 and September 2021. 6.7 Making Available In order to work out the arrangements for Additional Spectrum for spectrum re-assignment and the related spectrum Public Mobile Service utilisation fee (SUF), the Authority and SCED jointly To meet the huge spectrum demand for the conducted two rounds of public consultation in provision of public mobile services and to better 2016 and 2017 respectively. Having carefully prepare Hong Kong for the launch of 5G mobile considered the views and comments received in the services in around 2020, the Authority has been public consultations and the findings of a technical actively exploring ways to make available additional study undertaken by an external consultant, the spectrum in various frequency bands. In March Authority and SCED jointly promulgated their 2017, the Authority promulgated its work plan respective decisions in December 2017 to adopt for making available additional radio spectrum, a hybrid administratively-assigned cum market- inter alia, in the 3.5 GHz band (3.4 – 3.6 GHz), based approach for spectrum re-assignment upon the 26 GHz band (24.25 – 27.50 GHz), and the expiry of the existing assignments and on the 28 GHz band (27.50 – 28.35 GHz) to meet the arrangements for the related SUF. demand of public mobile services including 5G mobile services towards 2020 and beyond. The Authority has been actively following up with the implementation of the work plan since then.
41 The Authority also strives to identify more public mobile services, with 100 MHz of spectrum spectrum, especially those below the 6 GHz band, in the 3.6 – 3.7 GHz band serving as a guard band. to support 5G deployment. In particular, the Authority has been actively exploring the use of The Authority also commissioned a consultancy the 3.3 – 3.4 GHz band (for indoor use only) and study in August 2017 for recommendations on 4.8 – 5.0 GHz band for 5G services in Hong Kong. technical mitigating measures and operational precautions for the co-existence of SMATV systems The spectrum in the above frequency bands and mobile base stations. The consultancy study will amount to 4 500 MHz. With the release of was completed in January 2018 and a number of such a huge amount of spectrum, Hong Kong feasible mitigating measures were identified and will be well placed to launch a new generation recommended in the Consultancy Study report, of telecommunications services, to capture new which was published on OFCA’s website. market opportunities and to facilitate innovative smart city applications powered by 5G services. Having duly considered views and comments received in the public consultation, feedback from the industry and the recommendations of 6.8 Making Preparation for the the consultancy study, the Authority decided on Introduction of 5G Mobile 28 March 2018 to re-allocate the 3.4 – 3.7 GHz Services band from fixed satellite service (space-to-Earth) to For the 3.5 GHz band, the Authority conducted a mobile service for the provision of public mobile public consultation from July to September 2017, services with effect from 1 April 2020, thereby proposing that 200 MHz of spectrum in the 3.5 giving an advance notice period of two years to GHz band be made available for the provision of the affected licensees.
42 To vacate the 26 GHz band currently used for fixed permits to the equipment vendors and mobile links, notices were served to the existing users network operators. in April 2017, notifying them that their existing frequency assignments in the 26 GHz band would be withdrawn in two years’ time. This will facilitate 6.9 Facilitating Development of the timely release of spectrum in the 26 GHz band Wireless Internet of Things and the 28 GHz band (currently unutilised) for 5G Services services starting from 1 April 2019. Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging technology which enables the provision of communications In December 2017, the Authority issued an EOI platforms and services for interconnected devices Invitation to gauge the views of the local industry to generate, exchange and consume data with and other interested parties on using the 4 100 minimal human intervention. The Authority MHz of spectrum in the 26 GHz and 28 GHz bands conducted an industry consultation in August 2017 for the provision of 5G mobile services in Hong on the proposals to create a new Wireless Internet Kong. After reviewing the submissions to the EOI of Things (WIoT) Licence. The proposal received Invitation, the Authority launched a joint public general support from the industry. consultation with SCED on the proposal to allocate the 26 GHz and 28 GHz bands to mobile service, and the associated arrangements for spectrum assignment and SUF in July 2018. Subject to the views and comments to be received, the Authority and SCED plan to promulgate their respective decisions on the allocation and the associated arrangements for spectrum assignment of the 26 GHz and 28 GHz bands, as well as the related SUF by the end of 2018, such that the spectrum can be assigned for the provision of 5G services in the first quarter of 2019.
Having carefully considered the views and Subject to the outcome of further public comments received, the Authority announced on consultations, the Authority’s target is to make a 1 December 2017 the creation of a new licensing decision on the assignment arrangements for all regime for the provision of WIoT platforms and the available spectrum by the end of 2018. services using the shared frequency band of 920 – 925 MHz with a view to underpinning the Apart from making available spectrum, the preparation of Hong Kong for embracing the new Authority has been encouraging and facilitating era of IoT and the 5G mobile services, as well as the industry to conduct trials of 5G technologies various smart city applications in the future. Two and applications to better prepare Hong Kong for WIoT licences were issued as at March 2018. the launch of 5G mobile services. As of 31 March 2018, the Authority issued a total of seven trial
43 6.10 Strengthening the 6.11 Implementation of Licensing and Regulation Measures to More of Mobile Virtual Network Efficiently Utilise the 8-digit Operators Numbering Plan
To ensure satisfactory provision of service by The Authority conducted a public consultation Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNOs) from October to December 2015 to solicit public for the protection of consumer welfare, the views on five proposed measures to ensure better Authority introduced measures to strengthen utilisation of the 8-digit numbering plan and to the licensing and regulation of MVNOs. In meet the increasing demand for mobile numbers. September 2017, after taking into account views Taking into account the views and comments and comments received from the industry and received from the industry and interested parties, as relevant stakeholders, the Authority issued a Code well as the need to ensure that adequate number of Practice on the Cessation Arrangements for resources would be made available to cope with MVNO Services (CoP) to provide practical guidance the development of 5G mobile technologies in the to the licensees in the event of cessation of MVNO coming years, the Authority announced on 24 June services in order to better protect consumers’ 2016 its decision to adopt all the five proposed interest. The CoP sets out requirements to ensure measures for implementation in three phases. that MVNOs and their hosting mobile network Phases 1 and 2 were successfully implemented on operators will manage the service cessation 1 January and 1 July 2017 respectively whereby arrangements in a coordinated manner and that the threshold of utilisation rate for allocation of reasonable advance notice will be given to the additional numbers to operators was raised from affected service subscribers and the general public 70% (prior to 1 January 2017) to 80% (starting before any service cessation by an MVNO. This from 1 July 2017). In addition, the Authority has would enable affected service subscribers to make commenced allocating mobile numbers with new timely arrangements to reduce adverse impacts prefixes ‘4’, ‘7’ and ‘8’ to mobile service providers caused. since the implementation of Phase 2 from July 2017. Starting from February 2018, mobile numbers with the abovementioned new prefixes have been assigned to the end customers. With the implementation of the five measures in three phases, a total of additional 15.72 million numbers will become available for allocation to mobile services. It is expected that the additional numbers will be able to cope with the demand from mobile services in the foreseeable future.
44 6.12 Review of the Number of 6.13 Reduction of Public Payphones under Telecommunications the Universal Service Licence Fees Obligation (USO) In November 2012, the Authority and SCED issued Public payphone is a form of basic telephone a joint statement to promulgate their decisions service which the universal service provider is to reduce the customer connection fee level of required under its USO to provide. The cost of UCLs from $800 to $700 for each 100 customer providing public payphone service subject to the connections, and to reduce the mobile station fee USO is shared by the fixed and mobile services level of PRS Licences (Paging) and SBO Licences operators. In view of the diminishing demand (Class 3) from $800 to $700 for each 100 mobile for public payphone service in recent years, the stations. Following completion of the legislative Authority announced on 29 June 2017 to embark procedure, the new licence fees took effect on on a review to determine the reasonable number 1 March 2013. In February 2013, PCCW-HKT of public payphones that should be subject to the Telephone Limited and HKT (PCCW and HKT) USO. applied for leave to lodge a judicial review (JR) application against the decisions of the Authority Public payphones with an extremely low usage and SCED on the licence fees reduction (Decisions). rate (i.e. those with an average revenue not more The JR proceedings ultimately reached the Court than $1 per day) are the subject of the review. In of Final Appeal (CFA), which handed down its conducting the review, stakeholders including site judgment on 27 December 2017, allowing the owners for in-building type public payphones and appeal of PCCW and HKT and declaring that the 30 District Councils for kiosk type public payphones Decisions were made upon errors of law . To would be engaged throughout the process such give effect to the CFA judgment, the Authority that any needs and considerations specific to the has conducted a review jointly with SCED on the locations or districts will be well catered for before licence fee levels in accordance with the revised a decision to exclude specific public payphones financial arrangements as advised by the Financial from the USO is made. Services and the Treasury Bureau. The Authority will continue to follow up on the matter in the coming year31. For in-building type public payphones, consultations with site owners were completed in 30 The CFA declared that SCED and the CA failed in errors of law by wrongly February 2018. Altogether, about 35% of the in- construing - building type public payphones would be excluded (a) the TO as permitting the prescribing of a licence fee which included an element of what in substance was a tax upon the licensee, and from the USO. For kiosk type public payphones, (b) the Trading Funds Ordinance as permitting the inclusion in budget of OFCATF for notional tax and dividends to be treated as surplus funds consultations with District Councils have started to be transferred to the general revenue. 31 On 8 June 2018, the Authority and SCED jointly issued a consultation since March 2018. It is expected that the entire paper to seek views from the industry and interested parties on the proposed reduction of licence fees for five types of licence issued under review will be completed by end 2019. the TO and the proposed introduction of a new fee component under the UCL. The Authority and SCED will take into account views received in the public consultation before making their final decisions on the matter.
45 6.14 Processing During the year under review, the Authority Complaints relating to received a total of 1 980 consumer complaints Telecommunications relating to telecommunications services, Services representing a reduction of 9.3% compared to 2 183 complaints in the previous year. Among As the telecommunications market is fully them, 1 143 cases (57.7%) were related to mobile liberalised and highly competitive, the Authority services, 560 cases (28.3%) were related to has adopted a light-handed regulatory approach. Internet services, 260 cases (13.1%) were related The Authority investigates consumer complaints to fixed-line services, eight cases (0.4%) were against telecommunications operators if there is related to external telecommunications and one sufficient evidence to establish a prima facie case case (0.1%) was related to other services. On the on possible breaches of any provisions under the nature of complaint, the Authority received the TO, licence conditions or other relevant legislation largest number of complaints relating to customer which the Authority has jurisdiction to enforce, service quality (496 cases or 25.1%), while namely, TDO and CO. For other consumer complaints about billing disputes (332 cases or complaints not involving any breach of the TO, 16.8%) and service quality (323 cases or 16.3%) licence conditions or other relevant legislation, ranked second and third respectively. it is the responsibility of the telecommunications operators to resolve the matters under complaint with their customers. The Authority will take note Breakdown of complaint cases by types of of and monitor all consumer complaints received. telecommunications services and nature of Appropriate actions would be taken if any systemic complaints received by the Authority during the issues are identified. period are shown in Figure 20 and Figure 21 respectively.
46 Figure 20: Distribution of Complaint Cases by Types of Telecommunications Services Received by the Authority in 2017/18
Figure 21: Distribution of Complaint Cases by Nature of Complaints Received by the Authority in 2017/18
Among the 1 980 complaint cases received, termination, difficulties in accessing buildings 1 976 (99.8%) were outside the Authority’s to provide services, mobile number porting and jurisdiction. For the remaining four cases (0.2%), unstable service quality. Regulatory actions will be they might involve possible breach of the TO taken against the telecommunications operators or licence conditions. These cases were related concerned if the complaints are found to be to arrangement of cable removal after service substantiated after investigations. 47 Breakdown of complaint cases that might involve of complaints received by the Authority during the possible breach of the TO or licence conditions by year under review are shown in Figure 22 and types of telecommunications services and nature Figure 23 respectively.
Figure 22: Distribution of Complaint Cases by Types of Telecommunications Services Received by the Authority in 2017/18
Figure 23: Distribution of Complaint Cases by Nature of Complaints Received by the Authority in 2017/18
48 In the past few years, the Authority noted 6.15 Long Term Implementation that consumer complaints were mainly on of Customer Complaint telecommunications service contractual disputes, Settlement Scheme (CCSS) mobile bill shock, chargeable mobile content services and Fair Usage Policy. In collaboration The CCSS is an alternative dispute resolution with the telecommunications industry and the scheme which aims at resolving billing disputes Communications Association of Hong Kong in deadlock between telecommunications (CAHK), various measures have already been service providers and their residential/personal implemented to address these complaints. These customers by means of mediation. The mediation include the issue of an industry code of practice service is provided by an independent mediation for voluntary compliance by telecommunications service centre (CCSS Centre) set up under the licensees on service contracts, implementation CAHK, with voluntary participation of all major of mobile bill shock preventive measures, telecommunications service providers in Hong promulgation of a set of mandatory guidelines Kong. OFCA supports the CCSS by contributing governing the implementation of Fair Usage Policy the necessary funding, screening the CCSS by telecommunications service providers, the issue applications against the acceptance criteria, and of a voluntary industry code of practice to govern monitoring the performance and the governance the service delivery by mobile content services of the scheme. providers, and publication on OFCA’s website details of the arrangements adopted by major Between 1 April 2017 and 31 March 2018, there residential broadband service providers to handle were 82 eligible applications, 42 cases of which service termination requests from consumers. The were satisfactorily settled before referral to the number of complaint cases of the types mentioned CCSS Centre, 36 cases were satisfactorily settled above received during the year under review is upon referral to the CCSS Centre, and four cases shown in Figure 24. were not settled.
Figure 24: Number of Consumer Complaint Cases 6.16 Enforcement of the Received by the Authority in 2017/18 Fair Trading Sections of the Trade Descriptions No. of Types of Complaint Ordinance Consumer Complaint Cases The fair trading sections of the TDO prohibit Contractual disputes 377 certain specified unfair trade practices by Mobile bill shock 146 traders in the provision of goods and services to Fair Usage Policy 9 consumers. The Authority is conferred concurrent
Chargeable mobile content services 2 jurisdiction with the C&ED to enforce the fair trading sections of the TDO in relation to the commercial practices of licensees under the TO
49 and the BO directly connected with the provision assume the role of the lead authority for matters of telecommunications and broadcasting services. falling within the concurrent jurisdiction. For The two enforcement agencies have entered into matters involving issues that are partly within a memorandum of understanding (MoU) to co- and partly outside the concurrent jurisdiction, the ordinate the performance of their functions under Authority and the Commission would discuss and the fair trading sections of the TDO and have agree on how best to take forward the matter on issued a set of enforcement guidelines to provide a case-by-case basis. guidance for traders and consumers as to the operation of the fair trading sections. From 1 April 2017 to 31 March 2018, a total of 43 complaints and/or enquiries were received under From 1 April 2017 to 31 March 2018, the the CO, with 41 cases closed without the need Authority handled a total of 429 complaint cases for further actions and two cases being processed. under the TDO. Among these cases, 353 were During the year, the Authority also reviewed two closed for there being insufficient evidence to transactions under the merger rule of the CO and suspect/establish a contravention or falling outside considered that no follow-up action was required the scope of the TDO, 26 cases were closed in respect of the two transactions. after advisory letters were issued to the licensees concerned to draw their attention to the need to improve the relevant commercial practices 6.18 Enforcement of the in relation to the sale, supply or promotion of Unsolicited Electronic telecommunications or broadcasting services to Messages Ordinance consumers, and the remaining 50 cases were being The UEMO sets out the rules about sending CEMs, handled at various stages. including the requirements to provide accurate sender information and honour unsubscribe requests. Under the UEMO, the Authority has 6.17 Enforcement of the established three Do-Not-Call (DNC) registers Competition Ordinance to allow members of the public to register their The CO provides for a cross-sectoral competition numbers to indicate their choice of not receiving law prohibiting anti-competitive conduct in all commercial facsimile messages, short messages sectors. Under the CO, the Authority is conferred and/or pre-recorded telephone messages. By concurrent jurisdiction with the Commission the end of March 2018, more than 2.8 million to enforce the CO in respect of the conduct of numbers had been registered under these DNC undertakings operating in the telecommunications registers. and broadcasting sectors, including merger and acquisition activities involving carrier licensees in The Authority will continue to monitor the the telecommunications sector. compliance with the UEMO by CEM senders and streamline the procedures for more effective Pursuant to the MoU signed by the Authority and enforcement. the Commission, the Authority would ordinarily
50 MAJOR REGULATORY Illegal Bypass of Local Access Charge by ACTIONS South China Telecommunications (HK) Limited
6.19 Sanctions against The Authority completed the investigation into a Broadcasting Licensees case regarding illegal bypass of local access charge. There was no major sanction against broadcasting South China Telecommunications (HK) Limited, a licensees during the reporting period. licensee for External Telecommunications Services, was imposed a financial penalty of $65,000 for having committed a breach of Special Conditions 6.20 Sanctions against 7.1 and 8.1 of its licence. Telecommunications Licensees 6.21 Sanctions against Senders Disruptions of the Telecommunications of CEMs Services of CMHK From April 2017 to March 2018, the Authority On 4 January and 26 February 2017, there were received 677 reports on suspected contraventions two incidents of network outage of CMHK, causing of the UEMO, representing a decrease of about disruptions to its telecommunications services 16% as compared to the 803 reports received in including mobile voice, data and multimedia the previous year. In dealing with these reports, messaging services. Having considered all the facts OFCA would, depending on the circumstances, and circumstances of the case including OFCA’s issue advisory letters to first time offenders assessment and CMHK’s representations, the explaining the requirements of the UEMO or issue Authority concluded that, in both incidents, CMHK warning letters to other CEM senders in more had failed to comply with General Condition 5.1 serious cases. During the period under review, of its UCL (Licence No. 002), which required it to 198 advisory letters and 41 warning letters were operate, maintain and provide a good, efficient issued. In the event of repeated contraventions and continuous service in a manner satisfactory to by a particular sender, the Authority would issue the Authority. The Authority decided to impose a an enforcement notice pursuant to the UEMO financial penalty of $150,000 on CMHK. directing the sender concerned to take steps to remedy the offences. Any person who fails to comply with the enforcement notice may be liable to a fine of up to $100,000 on the first conviction. In 2017/18, no enforcement notice was issued.
51 The Communications Authority would like to express its appreciation for the cooperation and support given by the following organisations in preparing the CHAPTER 7: Report: Acknowledgement
Television Broadcasts Limited
HK Television Entertainment Company Limited
Fantastic Television Limited
Hong Kong Cable Television Limited
PCCW Media Limited
Fox Networks Group Asia Pacific Limited
APT Satellite TV Development Limited
Starbucks (HK) Limited
Turner International Asia Pacific Limited
Sun Television Cybernetworks Enterprise Limited
52 GLOBECAST HONG KONG LIMITED Hong Kong Commercial Broadcasting Company Limited Auspicious Colour Limited Metro Broadcast Corporation Limited Phoenix Satellite Television Company Limited admanGo
Times International Media Group Limited CSM Media Research
China Satellite TV Group Company TeleGeography Limited Commerce and Economic Development Hong Kong TV International Media Bureau Group Limited (Communications and Creative Industries Branch) Health TV Company Limited Office of the Communications Authority One TV Media Global Limited Information Services Department Star China Media Limited Radio Television Hong Kong
53 ANNEX 1 Summary of Non-Domestic Television Programme Services
Date of No. of Launch Channels of (no. receivable Nature of Target Licensee Service in HK) Channels Markets Satellite
1. Fox Networks Group 4.1991 23 General Asian region AsiaSat 5 Asia Pacific Limited entertainment, including the (0) movie, music, Mainland, AsiaSat 7 sports & news etc. India & Middle East
2. APT Satellite TV 8.2000 94 General Asia-Pacific Apstar V Development Limited entertainment, region & (4) news, movies & Africa Apstar VI sports Apstar VII Intelsat 19
3. Starbucks (HK) Limited 6.2000 1 Weather, sports, Asia-Pacific Apstar VII music and finance region (0) etc.
4. Turner International 1989 15 News, finance, Asia-Pacific AsiaSat 7 Asia Pacific Limited movie, children region & (12) & family South Asia Intelsat 19 programmes Intelsat 20 Measat 3A
5. Sun Television 8.2000 1 History & Asia-Pacific AsiaSat 7 Cybernetworks culture-related region Enterprise Limited (1) documentaries
6. GLOBECAST HONG 11.2001 14 General Asia-Pacific AsiaSat 5 KONG LIMITED entertainment, region (13) sports & news AsiaSat 7
7. Auspicious Colour 1.2006 28 General Asia-Pacific AsiaSat 4 Limited entertainment, region (19) infotainment & AsiaSat 5 music AsiaSat 7
54 Date of No. of Launch Channels of (no. receivable Nature of Target Licensee Service in HK) Channels Markets Satellite
8. Phoenix Satellite 5.2006 4 General Asia-Pacific AsiaSat 7 Television Company entertainment, region Limited (3) news & movie
9. Times International 6.2014 1 News, travel & Asia-Pacific Chinasat 10 Media Group Limited infotainment region (1)
10. China Satellite TV 11.2009 1 Infotainment Asia-Pacific Apstar VII Group Company region Limited (1)
11. Hong Kong TV 3.2011 1 Infotainment Asia-Pacific Apstar VI International Media region Group Limited (1)
12. Health TV Company 2.2013 1 Health Asia-Pacific Apstar V Limited information region (0) programmes, documentaries & general entertainment
13. One TV Media Global 5.2013 1 News, finance & Asia-Pacific Apstar V Limited entertainment region (1)
14. Star China Media 1.2014 3 Music Asia-Pacific AsiaSat 7 Limited programmes, region (0) entertainment news & general entertainment
55 ANNEX 2 Types and Numbers of Telecommunications Licences
As at 31 Mar 2018
Type of Licences Type of Licences
Academic Institution Self-provided 2 Radio Dealers (Unrestricted) 3 880 Telecommunications Installation
Aeronautical VHF Fixed Station 34 Radiocommunications School 7
Radiodetermination and Aircraft Station 343 Conveyance of Commands, 206 Status and Data Amateur Station 2 634 Satellite Master Antenna Television 69 Broadcast Radio Relay Station & 16 Broadcast Relay Station Self-Provided External 8 Telecommunications System Experimental Station 89 Services-Based Operator of Class 1 Service, Class 2 Service and 19 Fixed Carrier 5 Services Other Than Class 1, Class 2 or Class 3 Service Note A Hotel Television (Transmission) 160 Services-Based Operator of 503 Class 3 Service Industrial, Scientific & 1 319 Medical Electronic Machine Ship Station 2 445 Maritime Radio (Local Vessel) 1 362 Space Station Carrier 11 Mobile Carrier 1 Taxi Radiocommunications Service 24 Mobile Carrier (Restricted) 0 Unified Carrier - Mobile Services Note B 11 Mobile Radio System Fixed Station 16 Unified Carrier - Local / Note B and C 49 External Fixed Services Mobile Radio System Mobile Station 1 973 Wide Band Link & Relay Station 56 Private Mobile Radio System 2 100 Wireless Internet of Things 2 Private Radio Paging System 8 Total 17 359 Public Radiocommunications Service 7
Note A: This figure includes 16 licences which are also authorised for the provision of SBO Class 3 services. Note B: This figure includes five licences which are authorised to provide both fixed and mobile services. Note C: This figure includes the two licences authorising the transmission of domestic television programme services. 56
Communications Authority
For broadcasting matters: Address : 20/F, Wu Chung House, 213 Queen's Road East, Wan Chai, Hong Kong Telephone Enquiries : (852) 2961 6333 Fax : (852) 2507 2219 Email : [email protected]
For telecommunications and Unsolicited Electronic Messages matters: Address : 29/F, Wu Chung House, 213 Queen's Road East, Wan Chai, Hong Kong Telephone Enquiries : (852) 2961 6333 Fax : (852) 2803 5110 Email : [email protected]
Website : www.coms-auth.hk