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The Autonomous Region of Catalonia, Spain L !LL L L"L # $ L L LL Higher Education in Regional and City Development Catalonia, Spain 2010 This work is published on the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Organisation or of the governments of its member countries. Please cite this publication as: OECD (2010), Higher Education in Regional and City Development: Catalonia, Spain, OECD Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264089006-en ISBN 978-92-64-08900-6 (PDF) Series: Higher Education in Regional and City Development ISSN 2218-3140 (online) Cover image design © Francisco Esquer Mares. Photo credits: Cover © Metode Graphics. Corrigenda to OECD publications may be found on line at: www.oecd.org/publishing/corrigenda. © OECD 2010 You can copy, download or print OECD content for your own use, and you can include excerpts from OECD publications, databases and multimedia products in your own documents, presentations, blogs, websites and teaching materials, provided that suitable acknowledgment of OECD as source and copyright owner is given. All requests for public or commercial use and translation rights should be submitted to [email protected]. Requests for permission to photocopy portions of this material for public or commercial use shall be addressed directly to the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC) at [email protected] or the Centre français d’exploitation du droit de copie (CFC) at [email protected]. FOREWORD – 3 Foreword Universities and other tertiary education institutions can play a key role in human capital development and innovation systems in their cities and regions. Reviews of Higher Education in Regional and City Development are the OECD’s tool to mobilise education for economic, social and cultural development of cities and regions. The reviews analyse how the tertiary education system impacts local and regional development and help improve this impact. They examine tertiary education institution’s contribution to human capital and skills development; technology transfer and business innovation; social, cultural and environmental development; and regional capacity building. The review process facilitates partnership building in regions by drawing together tertiary education institutions and public and private agencies to identify strategic goals and work together towards them. To know more about the OECD review process visit the Higher Education and Regions’ website at www.oecd.org/edu/imhe/regionaldevelopment. These reviews are part of a wider multi-annum work of higher education in cities and regions co-ordinated by the OECD Programme on Institutional Management of Higher Education (IMHE). In 2004-07, the OECD/IMHE conducted an extensive study with 14 regional reviews across 12 countries. This resulted in the OECD flagship publication Higher Education and Regions: Globally Competitive, Locally Engaged (OECD, 2007) with recommendation to benefit both higher education institutions and national and regional governments. In 2008, the OECD/IMHE launched a second series of OECD reviews of Higher Education in Regional and City Development to address the demand by national and regional governments for more responsive and active higher education institutions. As a result, 14 regions in 11 countries underwent the OECD review process in 2008-10. The reviews were carried out by the OECD/IMHE in collaboration with international organisations and associations and other OECD programmes and directorates. This work also supports the OECD Innovation Strategy and OECD Green Growth Strategy. Spanish regions have been active participants in the OECD reviews. This review of the Autonomous Region of Catalonia is part of the second round of the OECD reviews of the Higher Education in Regional and City HIGHER EDUCATION IN REGIONAL AND CITY DEVELOPMENT: CATALONIA, SPAIN – © OECD 2010 4 – FOREWORD Development. It coincided with the review of the Autonomous Region of Andalusia and followed the reviews of the Canary Islands and the Region of Valencia that took place during the first round 2005-07. The review report for Andalusia: Higher Education in Regional and City Development: Andalusia, Spain (OECD, 2010) has a strong focus on how to improve the relevance of educational provision and the employment and entrepreneurship outcomes of university graduates. The recommendations and good practice examples in the Andalusian report are also relevant for the universities in Catalonia, and readers interested in them should refer to this report. HIGHER EDUCATION IN REGIONAL AND CITY DEVELOPMENT: CATALONIA, SPAIN – © OECD 2010 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS – 5 Acknowledgements Numerous national and regional stakeholders and representatives of universities provided valuable insights during the review visit and in the form of comments. The OECD would like to thank in particular the lead co- ordinators and other active local counterparts for this review. The Regional Co-ordinators – Josep Mª Vilalta (ACUP) and Martí Parellada (Fundación CyD) and their working team José García-Quevedo (University of Barcelona), Alicia Betts (ACUP), Marta Doménech (ICC Consulting), Néstor Duch (University of Barcelona and Fundación CyD), Xavier Fina (Autonomous University of Barcelona and ICC Consulting), Héctor Pifarré (ACUP) and Jose Luis Polo (Fundación CyD and University of Barcelona). The OECD would also like to thank the members of the Regional Steering committee, Josep Ribas (Regional Government of Catalonia, Department of Innovation, Universities and Enterprises), Dídac Ramírez (Rector of the Universitat de Barcelona), Josep Joan Moreso (Rector of the University Pompeu Fabra), Imma Tubella (Rector of the Open University of Catalonia), Esther Giménez-Salinas (Rector of the University Ramon Llull), Joaquim Coello (President of the Social Council of the University of Barcelona), Angel Cunillera (President of the Social Council of the University Rovira i Virgili), Xavier Testar (Director of the “Barcelona, Research & Innovation” Programme of the Barcelona city Council), Jordi William Carnes (Deputy mayor of the Barcelona City Council), Ramon Roca (President of Ros-Roca), Josep Lluís Bonet (President of Freixenet and Fira de Barcelona), Miquel Valls (President of the Barcelona Chamber of Commerce) and Eva Granados (General Secretariat of the Trade Union in Catalonia). This publication draws on interviews carried out during a week-long review visit from 28 February – 6 March 2010, on the findings of the Autonomous Region of Catalonia’s Self-evaluation Report and using additional information provided to the review team. The OECD Review Team had a full and intensive programme and were received openly by a wide range of stakeholders. The team had the benefit of a regional Self- evaluation Report which went beyond description to postulating a number of hypotheses about strengths and weaknesses which the team were able to test. HIGHER EDUCATION IN REGIONAL AND CITY DEVELOPMENT: CATALONIA, SPAIN – © OECD 2010 6 – ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Both the review visit and the self-evaluation report had a focus on university system, while the growing vocational tertiary education sector was outside of the scope of the review. The team were able to rely on a range of other reports, including the OECD Review of Tertiary Education – Spain (2009), OECD Review of Regional Innovation: Catalonia – Spain (2010), White Paper on the University of Catalonia (2008) as well as other materials published by the Catalan Association of Public Universities (ACUP) and tested their conclusions and recommendations with the tertiary education authorities in the Autonomous Region of Catalonia. The review visit was led by Jaana Puukka (OECD/IMHE), with support from Ernesto Flores, a secondee from Sonora Institute of Technology (ITSON) to the OECD/IMHE. This publication was co-ordinated by Jaana Puukka, with support from Inmaculada Periáñez-Forte, a secondee from the Regional Government of Andalusia and Austin Delaney, both from the OECD/IMHE. Susan Christopherson (Cornell University, United States), Ellen Hazelkorn (Dublin Institute of Technology, Ireland), Karen Maguire (OECD/GOV Regional Competitiveness and Governance), José-Ginés Mora (University of London, United Kingdom/Valencia University of Technology, Spain) and Maria Helena Nazaré (former rector of the University of Aveiro, Portugal) contributed to the report. Further details about the Review Team can be found in Annex 1 of this report. Rachel Linden supervised the publication process. HIGHER EDUCATION IN REGIONAL AND CITY DEVELOPMENT: CATALONIA, SPAIN – © OECD 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS – 7 Table of contents Acronyms ............................................................................................................ 11 Assessment and recommendations .................................................................... 15 Chapter 1. National and regional context ......................................................... 39 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 40 1.1. Demography: fast immigration-driven growth ......................................... 42 1.2. Regional economy with a diverse industry base ...................................... 44 1.3 Tertiary education system in Spain ........................................................... 48 1.4. The research and innovation system ........................................................ 59 Conclusions ....................................................................................................
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