China’s Solution for Precise Poverty Alleviation Poverty Alleviation Office

China’s Solution for Precise Poverty Alleviation The Case of Guiyang Poverty Alleviation Office Guiyang Poverty Alleviation Office, Beijing, China

ISBN 978-981-15-7430-6 ISBN 978-981-15-7431-3 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7431-3

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Government-Led Poverty Alleviation Initiatives Bend Over Backwards to Reduce Poverty—How Guizhou Tackles Its Poverty Issue ...... 3 War on Poverty: More Committed Than Ever ...... 3 Poverty Alleviation Through Commercial Development: Awakening theInternalDriveforPovertyAlleviation ...... 5 Poverty Alleviation Through Resettlement: Removing the Roots ofPoverty ...... 6 Targeted and Precise Poverty Alleviation: A Replicable and Scalable Model ...... 7 People’s Livelihood is Protected by Enforcing Strict Discipline—Practices and Insights of Livelihood Supervision ...... 11 MainPractices ...... 11 MajorOutcomes ...... 14 ImportantInsights ...... 15 Insight1: ...... 15 Insight2: ...... 16 Insight3: ...... 16 Insight4: ...... 17 Leverage Liberal Arts to Alleviate Poverty ...... 19 Poverty Alleviation Through Public Opinion Creates an Enabling Environment...... 19 Poverty Alleviation Through Culture Enlightens and Inspires ...... 21 Poverty Alleviation Through Social Sciences Induces Precise Policies ...... 22 Paired Poverty Assistance Injects Development Vitality ...... 23 Qiannan Prefecture: Succeed in Poverty Alleviation and Enable the People to Feel the Improvement ...... 27

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Liupanshui City: A Deep Exploration of Rural Reforms ...... 33 MainPractices ...... 34 Outcomes ...... 38 Review ...... 40 City: Effective Efforts of Protecting Ecosystems for Poverty Alleviation ...... 41 Weining County: Experience and Insights of Targeted Poverty Alleviation ...... 45 Experience: Always Focus on “Who Helps Whom and How” ...... 45 Insight: Only by Pinpointing the Root Causes Can an Effective Prescription Be Written ...... 48 Suggestion: Speeding Up Targeted Poverty Alleviation in Guizhou from Three Aspects ...... 49 Guanling : Making New Moves in Medical Poverty Alleviation ...... 51 Medical Services for Minor Illnesses At Hand Within the Township ...... 52 The Model of Attracting Talents with Innovation Enhances Service Quality ...... 53 Taking Development Opportunities to Carry Out Targeted Poverty Alleviation ...... 55 Industry + Project + Ecology + Intelligence—Road of Poverty Alleviation and Development in Sinan ...... 57 Industrial Poverty Alleviation Boosts Four Aspects of Development ...... 58 Project-Driven Poverty Alleviation Consolidates the Development Foundation of the County ...... 59 Ecological Poverty Alleviation Creates an Enabling Environment for the Development of the County ...... 60 Poverty Alleviation Through Education Improves the Civic Quality of the Poor ...... 60

Enterprises-Led Poverty Alleviation Initiatives “Trinity” Pattern of Poverty Alleviation Creates Synergy ...... 65 Diverse Assistance Leads to Wealth ...... 65 EnterprisesContributetoInternalDriveforGrowth ...... 67 Society Helps to Remove the “Mountain” of Poverty ...... 67 Turning External Assistance into Internal Drive for Building a Moderately Prosperous Society—On a New Round of Paired Assistance from Eight Cities to Guizhou ...... 71 Exchanges and Communication for Leapfrog Development ...... 71 Significant Input in Infrastructure ...... 72 Industrial Development Drives Poverty Alleviation ...... 74 Joint Construction of Industrial Parks Brings Mutual Benefit ...... 75 Contents vii

Joining Hands to Achieve Moderate Prosperity by Addressing Weaknesses ...... 76 Rural Credit Programs Facilitate Poverty Alleviation ...... 77 Benefit People in Remote Rural Areas with Accurate Financial Services . . . . 78 Improving Financial Services with Innovation in an All-Out Drive ...... 79 Upgrade Rural Credit Program in Keeping with the Times ...... 80 Targeted, Financial and Industrial Poverty Alleviation Go Hand in Hand in Innovating and Upgrading Micro-loan Products ...... 83 MainPractices ...... 83 Deficiencies and Plans for Improvement ...... 88 Guizhou Post Helps Poverty Alleviation with the Long March Spirit ... 89 Guizhou Post Offers Assistance to New Businesses ...... 89 Guizhou Post Delivers Products Beyond Provincial Borders ...... 91 Guizhou Post Presents Colorful Culture to the Outside World ...... 92 Xingwei Corporation: A Unique Model of Distributing Five Types of Shares Opens the Door to Moderate Prosperity in Xiushui Village ... 95 NewExplorationandNewJourney...... 95 New Projects and New Initiatives ...... 98 NewOutlookandNewOutcomes...... 99 New Approaches and New Inspirations ...... 101 Kiwi Fruit Industry Promotes Poverty Alleviation and Increases the Income of Farmers in City ...... 105 Hundred-Li Industrial Corridor with Good Profits and Fantastic Scenery . . . . 106 Business Clusters Bring Hope to Poor Households ...... 107 Profit-Rich Businesses Fulfill Fruit Farmers’ Dream of Moderate Prosperity ...... 109 Qiannan Rural Credit Cooperative Sets Up “Financial Night Schools” to Extend Financial Knowledge ...... 111 The Lack of Financial Knowledge Necessitates Urgent Action ...... 111 “Financial Night Schools” Were Set Up to Facilitate Knowledge TransferandtoAlleviatePoverty ...... 112 Financial Night Schools Bring Benefits to Multiple Stakeholders, Particularly the General Public ...... 113 : Exploring a New Path to Transformation and Development Driven by Openness ...... 115 Leading Enterprises Settle in the County and Booming Industry Drives theGrowthofOtherBusinesses ...... 116 DevelopasaWholeandRisewithStrongMomentum ...... 117 Foster Strengths to Make Up for Weaknesses and Overcome Difficulties . . . . 118 : Promote Poverty Alleviation by “Pairing Hundred Enterprises with Hundred Villages” ...... 121 viii Contents

Targeted Poverty Alleviation in Light of Local Conditions The Charming and Outstanding Scenery on the Highland—A Brief Report on Guizhou Province’s Efforts in Developing Rural Tourism to Increase Farmers’ Income by Upholding Two Bottom Lines ...... 127 Open up a New Path to Riches by Leveraging Strengths ...... 127 Beauty in Diversity ...... 129 Promote Lasting Connectivity ...... 130 Ocean of Flowers, Sea of Faces and World of Business ...... 133 Hundred Li of Azalea Bloom Brings Spring to the Village ...... 133 Peach Flowers Blossoming in Kelou Reflects the People’s High Spirit andtheFlourishingBusiness ...... 135 The Allure of the Intoxicating Fragrance of Flowers in Shanping forTourists ...... 136 “Green Bank” Was Built in Faraway Mountainous Area—Guizhou Province Poverty Alleviation Targeted at Modern Specialty and High-Efficiency Mountain Agriculture ...... 139 Explore Development Paths Guided by Environmental Protection ...... 139 Build Development Platforms Through Demonstration Parks ...... 141 Broaden the Agricultural Market Through Internet Technologies ...... 142 Farmers’ Fortune Improves as Guizhou Herbal Medicines Are Sold Beyond the Mountains—Summary of Guizhou’s Efforts to Alleviate Poverty Through Developing Herbal Medicines ...... 145 Multi-mode Promotion and Rational Development ...... 145 Notable Outcomes for Poverty Alleviation Achieved as a Result ofInnovationsintheInterestChain ...... 147 The Whole Industrial Chain Blazed a New Trail of Development for Guizhou Herbal Medicines ...... 149 Casting a Model of Combating Poverty in China—Summary of the Poverty Alleviation Model in Haique ...... 151 Insist on Mobilizing the Masses to Participate in Poverty Alleviation andDevelopment...... 152 Insist on Implementing of Industrial Poverty Alleviation ...... 152 Insist on Strengthening Infrastructure Construction ...... 153 Insist on Upholding the Two Bottom Lines of Ecology and Development . . . 153 Insist on Promoting All-Round Progress of Social Undertakings ...... 154 Insist on Consolidating Community-Level Organizations ...... 154 InsistonProjectImplementation...... 154 Insist on Expanding the Collective Economy ...... 155 Contents ix

“Yina Pattern” Provides a Solution to Developing Impoverished Mountainous Areas ...... 157 To Pay Special Attention to Those in Need and the Reason Behind Poverty and Adopt Four Indicators to Find Out if the Recipient is ReallyImpoverished ...... 158 To Take Different Measures for Different People and Ensure Industrial Support Reaches Every Household in Every Village ...... 158 To Ensure Everyone Has More Confidence in His Ability and Receives Education and That Education and Trainings Reach Every Household inEveryVillage ...... 159 To Implement the “4321” Project and to Ensure Paired Support is Offered in Every Household in Every Village ...... 160 To Ensure That Every Household in Every Village is Involved in the Project for Building Beautiful Homes, Renovating Dilapidated HousesandEcologicalMigration ...... 160 To Improve People’s Well-Being in Light of Their Different Needs and Build Infrastructure in Every Household in Every Village ...... 161 To Enhance Team Building and Pool People’s Strength to Seek Development ...... 162 To Improve Party Conduct, Uphold Integrity and Strengthen Project Management ...... 163 To Take Targeted Measures and Build a Long-Term Mechanism forTargetedPovertyAlleviation ...... 163 To Form Units to Offer Help and Form a New Pattern of Targeted PovertyAlleviation ...... 164 Review on the Reconstruction Efforts Following the Landslide in Huashi Village, ...... 167 Background ...... 167 Strategy...... 168 a. In-Depth Review, Cause Identification and Ecological Restoration . . . . 168 b. Strengthen Supervision, Develop Industries and Increase Livelihood ...... 169 c. Agricultural Products Are Sold Online to the Entire Nation ...... 171 “Qinglong Pattern” Creates Another “Get-Rich on Rocky Desertification” Miracle ...... 173 The Impact of the “Qinglong Pattern” ...... 173 MajorPractices ...... 176 WorkingMeasures...... 179 Suggestions on Promoting the “Qinglong Pattern” ...... 182 NextSteps...... 183 Supports Women Power: “Made in Courtyard” Shows Good Momentum ...... 185 With Deliberation, Households Find Ways to Get Rich ...... 186 x Contents

With People’s Hard Work, Courtyard Economy Creates Wealth ...... 187 Being Practical, the “Two-Way Industrial Chain” Gains Success ...... 189 One Mu of Tea Garden for Everyone, One Craftsman in Every Household and E-Commerce in Every Village—Leishan Makes Full Use of Its Ecological Advantages and Greatly Promotes Targeted Poverty Alleviation ...... 191 Build Roads and Bring Wealth to Remote Mountains ...... 192 Protect Villages and Develop Rural Tourism ...... 192 One Mu of Tea Garden for Everyone, and Waste Mountains Have Now Become Golden ...... 193 A Craftsman in Each Household Guarantees Income ...... 194 E-Commerce in Every Village Bringing Local Flavors to Every Corner of the Country ...... 195 Committing 10,000 Yuan for Share Purchase Generates Wealth forFarmers ...... 196 The “Red Engine” in Wanshan Drives People to Prosperity .... 197 ProfitDistributionisTransparent ...... 198 New Agribusiness Increases People’s Income ...... 199 Paired Assistance Brings Real Results ...... 200 PartyMembersTaketheLead ...... 202 Beautiful Scenery and Rich Local Products Promote the Development of Tourism Industry and Rural Areas—Tourism-Based Poverty Alleviation in Qianxinan Prefecture ...... 205 The Combination of Agriculture and Tourism Brings Changes to Industrial Structure ...... 205 The Development of Industries Promotes Rural Economy ...... 207 The Development of Tourism Brings Happiness to Rural Households ...... 208 Taking Advantage of Resources and Making the Countryside Beautiful and the People Rich— Accelerated Its Integrated Development of Agriculture, Culture and Tourism ...... 211 To Firstly Focus on Top-Level Design ...... 211 To Give Priority to the Key Task of Project Development ...... 212 To Promote the Brand of Festival and Cultural Tourism ...... 213 To Develop the Silver Ornament and Embroidery Making Industry ...... 214 To Build Beautiful Villages ...... 215 Explores an Ecological Path for Poverty Alleviation and Development ...... 217 Leverage What’s at Hand: Industry-Based Poverty Reduction Initiative Increases Farmers’ Income ...... 217 Contents xi

Different Varieties Develop Concurrently: Stereoscopic Agriculture Proves to Be Successful ...... 219 Transformation and Upgrading: Grassland Modern Agriculture AchievesNewDevelopment ...... 221