Geography Class Curriculum Overview 2020 – 2021 Cycle 2 INTENT Our aim is to inspire pupil’s curiosity, creativity and fascination about the world and their immediate environment and develop from that a deepening knowledge about people and places across the world. We want children to be aware of their sense of place and concepts surrounding geography and how this can affect the world around them. In school, we will, through the effective teaching and learning of the knowledge, skills and understanding of geography, help all children to develop an individual understanding of locational knowledge, place knowledge and human and physical geography and incorporate fieldwork and geographical skills. We will use the National Curriculum Geography Guidelines as the basis for our learning and teaching whilst incorporating our knowledge of the children we teach. Research Theme 1 Research Theme 2 Locational Knowledge EYFS • To know that the Earth is where we live. • To know that a globe is a representation of the Earth. • To know that a map is a pictorial representation of the Earth/the globe. • To have an understanding of their location on a map.

Place Knowledge • To understand that India is a different place with different ways of life.

Fieldwork skills • Follow a simple map. • To use simple positional language – near, far, next to, behind • To walk to the park next to the school. Key Vocabulary – Earth, map, globe, , India, same, different, weather, near, far, next to, behind Sticky Sticky Knowledge Knowledge – EYFS • The Earth is where we live. • A globe is what the Earth looks like from space. • We live in Runcorn. • India is a different place. • The quickest way to get to India is by plane. • In India, the weather is hotter than where we live. • Use the words near, far, next to and behind to explain where something is.

Home is where the heart is New Delhi v Halton Brook Year 1 Locational Knowledge Locational Knowledge • To name and locate Northern Ireland, Scotland, Wales and England. • To know where the UK is on a map of the world. • To name and locate the following cities: (Scotland), Belfast (Northern • To know where India is on a map of the world. Ireland), Cardiff (Wales) and (England). • To locate on a map of the local area – linked with class name. • To name and locate The Irish Sea, The North Sea, The English Channel and the Celtic Sea. Place Knowledge • To know that an island is a piece of land surrounded by water. • To understand what a human feature is – i.e. house • To identify characteristics of the four countries i.e. London Eye, Houses of Parliament, • To understand what a physical feature is i.e. – river Edinburgh castle, Titanic Museum, The Principality Stadium. • To recognise basic human and physical features of Halton Brook and compare to New Delhi. Place Knowledge • To understand geographical similarities and differences between Halton Brook • To understand what a human feature is – i.e. house and New Delhi. • To understand what a physical feature is i.e. – river • To know a town is smaller than a city, but larger than a village. Fieldwork skills • To know that a country is a place that has its own people that run it. • To walk to the park and to the shops. • To know that a capital city is the city where the people who run the country are. • To devise a simple map.

• To know that a rain gauge measures how much rain has fallen. Fieldwork skills

• To use world maps to identify the United Kingdom and its countries. • To use simple directional and locational language to describe location and routes – near, far, left and right, up and down. Key Vocabulary – direction, near, far, left, right, up, down, Scotland, England, Wales, Key Vocabulary – river, house, country, city, town, shop, similar, difference, beach, coast, Northern Ireland, Edinburgh, Belfast, Cardiff, London, town, island, country forest, hill, sea, soil, season, farm, man-made, feature, monsoon, vegetation Sticky Sticky Knowledge Sticky Knowledge Knowledge – Year 1 • Northern Ireland, Scotland, Wales and England make up the UK. • New Delhi is in India. • Geography when we learn about the Earth we live on. • New Delhi is the capital city of India. • London is the capital city of England. Cardiff is the capital city of Wales. Edinburgh is • India is a different country. the capital city of Scotland. Belfast is the capital city of Northern Ireland. • New Delhi has lots of rain (a monsoon) in the summer that helps the plants • Runcorn is a town in England which is part of the UK. (vegetation) to grow. • A map shows what a place looks like from above. • Halton Brook is a smaller part of Runcorn which in is England, in the UK. • People use maps to help them get from one place to another. • A human feature is a man-made feature. • To know which way is left and which way is right. • A physical feature is a natural feature. • An island is piece of land which has water around it. • The UK is surrounded by The Irish Sea, The North Sea, The English Chanel, The Celtic Sea and The Atlantic Ocean.

Passport to the World – Continents and Oceans Holidays – Kenya v Runcorn Year Locational Knowledge Place Knowledge 2 • To name and locate the seven continents and five oceans. • To explain and compare the seasonal and daily weather patterns in the UK and • To know that a continent is made up of lots of countries. Kenya in relation to the equator and the North and South Pole. • To locate on a map of the United Kingdom – linked with class name. • To name human and physical features of an area in Runcorn and an area in • To understand that you can travel to different parts of the world via different modes Kenya. of transport. Plane – from an airport (far away), boat – from a harbour (to cross a • To name and locate The UK and Kenya on a map. body of water), train – from a train station (across land within or between • To name and locate Runcorn and Nairobi on a map. neighbouring countries). • To compare the human and physical features of both areas – Human features; houses, roads, streets, Runcorn Shopping City. Physical features; rivers, trees, Fieldwork skills ground. • To use atlases and globes to locate and identify continents, oceans and areas studied at this key stage. Fieldwork skills • To use simple compass points (North, South, East and West), directional and • To use aerial photographs of the school to recognise landmarks and basic locational language to describe location and routes. human and physical features. • To be able to position themselves facing North, South, East and West in relation to • To devise a simple map and construct a simple key of the school and its our school. surrounding areas. • To walk to the park, shops and church and use observational skills to study the human and physical features of the surrounding areas. • To understand that a thermometer measures the temperature (how hot or cold it is). Key Vocabulary - continent (their names), ocean (their names), seas, north, south, east, Key Vocabulary - village, season, weather, cliff, mountain, valley, vegetation, west, passport factory, office, port, harbour, equator Sticky Sticky Knowledge Sticky Knowledge Knowledge – Year 2 • The seven continents are; Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, North America, South • Kenya is in the continent of Africa. America, Antarctica. • The UK is in the continent of Europe. • The five Oceans are; Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Southern and Artic. • Nairobi is the capital city of Kenya. • A compass, points to the directions – North, South, East and West. • There are two main languages spoken in Kenya: English and Swahili. • People use compasses to help them navigate which way to go. • Kenya has a coastline on the Indian Ocean. • Different continents have different types of weather(climate), depending on where • The weather in Kenya is warmer than in Runcorn because it is closer to the they are in the world. middle of the Earth, where it is warmer. Runcorn is closer to the top of the • You must have a passport to be allowed to travel to different continents/countries. Earth, which is where it is colder. • The equator is an imaginary line that runs around The Earth. • The weather (climate) has hot and cold areas of the world in relation to the Equator.

Passport to Europe Nowhere I’d Rather Be – Comparison focus. North West Region v Year Locational Knowledge Andalusia Region. 3/4 • To locate and name countries within Europe - France, Spain, Germany, Greece, Italy, Place Knowledge Russia. • To compare the North West to Andalusia. • To locate and name major cities in Europe • To describe and understand human geography including land use. • To name key physical and human characteristics of countries within Europe. • To compare the human and physical geography of both regions including • To locate rivers across the United Kingdom and know related facts about them. climate zones. • To concentrate on the environmental regions (an environmental region is a region • To understand that a climate zone is similar weather patterns in a certain area. with a particular environmental characteristic) with countries within Europe – Alpine • To understand that a biome is a community of plants and animals that have Region, Central Uplands, Northern Lowlands and Western Highlands. common characteristics for the environment they live in. E.g. Forest, tundra, • To name and locate the four countries and major cities of the United Kingdom savannah, rainforest. including , Birmingham, , , Swansea, Belfast – following pupil’s own interests and curiosity may lead to focusing on other cities within the UK. Fieldwork skills • To locate Leasowe Castle on a map of the United Kingdom – linked with class name. • Study a range of maps of the local area and describe features. • To identify the position of the equator, Northern and Southern hemisphere. • To construct an accurate map of the Halton Brook estate. • To describe and understand key aspects of climate zones. • To use the eight compass points to describe locations across Europe. • To know the difference between physical and political maps and their associated • Make observations of the human and physical features of Halton Brook keys. (Physical map is a map of the locations of identifiable landmarks - such as airports, rivers and mountains - and a political map is designed to show governmental boundaries of countries, states and counties).

Fieldwork skills • To be able to physically turn to North, South, East and West on the school playground. • To be able to use a compass to travel in a given direction. Key Vocabulary – city, region, climate, equator, hemisphere, environment, location, Key Vocabulary - features, vegetation belts, biomes, compare, counties, North-East, physical, political, compass, peninsula South – East, South-West, and North-West, land-use Sticky Sticky Knowledge Sticky Knowledge Knowledge – Year 3/4 • Europe is made up of 44 countries. • A climate zone is similar weather pattern in a certain area. • France, Spain, Germany, Greece, Italy and Russia are countries in Europe. • A region is a part of country. • Some countries have different native languages. In France, they speak French. In • Andalusia is a region of Spain with a temperate Mediterranean climate with Spain, they speak Spanish. In Germany, they speak German. hot, dry summers and mild winters. • is the capital of France; is the capital of Germany; is the capital of • The North West is a region of the UK and that this is where we live. Spain; is the capital of Greece; is the capital of Italy. • Andalusia is in the south of Spain and has a coastline on the Atlantic Ocean. • In the United Kingdom Liverpool, Birmingham, Manchester, Glasgow, Swansea, • The North West has a coastline along the Irish Sea. Belfast are major cities. • is the largest city in Andalusia and Manchester is the largest city in the • The equator splits the northern and southern hemisphere. North West. • A physical map shows landmarks (such as airports) and a political map shows government boundaries.

• A county is an area within a country – We live in the county of Halton, in . • Cheshire, , Greater Manchester and are in the North West. • There are eight points on a compass; North, North-East, East, South – East, South, South-West, West and North-West. Snowdonia – Mountain Focus Hollywood! - North America Year Locational Knowledge Locational Knowledge • To locate mountain ranges across the United Kingdom focusing on Snowdon • To locate and name countries within North America – USA, Mexico, Canada 4/5 (Snowdonia), Ben Nevis (Grampian) and Scarfell Pike (Pennines). • To locate and name major cities in North America – see place knowledge. • To know that a mountain is a large land form that rises around the surrounding land • To locate key physical and human characteristics of countries within North in a limited area. America • To identify human and physical characteristics of mountain ranges and places in the • To concentrate on the environmental regions with countries within North UK. America. - https://www.epa.gov/eco-research/ecoregions-north-america See Level 1 • To understand key topographical features of mountains within the UK. Ecoregions. • To know how to use physical, topographical and political maps and their associated • Identify position and significance of the Arctic and Antarctic circle in relation to keys. the equator – links with Science space topic. • To further develop use of topographical maps and their associated keys. Fieldwork skills • To construct an accurate map of Halton Brook (Spur Road to Boston Avenue) Place Knowledge • To use fieldwork to observe and record human and physical features within the local • To compare the North West to California. area - traffic in different areas of the estate, amount of trees in a local area. • To describe and understand human geography including types of settlement, • To use a four-figure grid reference to build knowledge of the local area. land use and economic activity. • To use a simple excel spreadsheet to record and present information. • To compare the human and physical geography of both regions including • To know that an anemometer measures wind speed. climate zones.

Key Vocabulary - topographical, characteristics, mountain ranges Key Vocabulary - arctic and Antarctic circle, economy, distribution, natural, climate volcanic activity, Snowdon, Ben Nevis, Scafell Pike, anemometer. zone, countries within North America, settlement Sticky Sticky Knowledge Sticky Knowledge Knowledge – Year 4/5 • Snowdon (Snowdonia), Ben Nevis (Grampian) and Scarfell Pike (Pennines) are • There are 23 countries in North America including USA, Mexico, Canada. mountains in the UK. • Washington DC is the capital of the USA, Ottawa is the capital of Canada, • The three mountain ranges in the UK are Snowdonia, Grampian and Pennines. Mexico City is the capital of Mexico. • Scarfell Pike is the highest mountain in England. Ben Nevis is the highest mountain in • The USA is split up into states and California is a state in the USA. the UK. • The largest city in California is Los Angeles (L.A). • The Alps are a mountain range across Europe. • The USA has different environmental regions – California is in the • Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world. Mediterranean region. • The higher up a mountain you travel, the colder it becomes. • California has a hot, dry climate. • There are three deserts in California – Majave, Colorado and The Great Basin.

• A topographical map uses lines to help you see where land is not flat (higher or lower • Vegetation of the Southwest includes yucca, cactus, desert spoon. than sea level) • A settlement is a place where people decide to live. • A four figure grid reference contains 4 numbers to help us locate places on a map. The first 2 are called the Eastings (left to right) and the second 2 numbers are called the Northing (bottom to top). Rainforest My Local Area Year Locational Knowledge Locational Knowledge • To locate and name countries within South America – Brazil, Argentina, Peru, • To locate coasts, rivers and land – use patterns within the United Kingdom and 5/6 Venezuela. how they have changed over time – link with project. • To locate and name major cities in South America – Brazilia, Buenos Aires, Lima, • To know that the River Mersey is the closest river to our Local Area. Caracas. • To locate key physical and human characteristics of countries within South America. Fieldwork skills • To concentrate on the environmental regions with countries within South America - • To use six figure grid references and ordnance survey maps. divided into three physical regions: mountains and highlands, river basins and coastal • To know that the Ordnance survey map is the national mapping agency for plains. Great Britain. • To name the four layers of the rainforest – forest floor, understory, canopy and • To construct an accurate map of a route to the Shopping City. emergent layer. • To use fieldwork to observe and record human and physical features within the • To know how, and when, to use different types of maps including political, physical local area - building use survey and economic activity survey within Shopping and topographical. City. • Identify position and significance of latitude, longitude, The Tropics of Cancer and • To use excel to record and present more detailed information more accurately. Capricorn, the Prime Greenwich Meridian and time zones.

Place Knowledge • To compare the North West to a region of South America. Final Project • To describe and understand human geography including types of settlement, land use and economic activity including trade links and the distribution of natural resources. To identify, compare and discuss the characteristics of places studied across the • To compare the human and physical geography of both regions including climate geography curriculum, considering their economy, land use, climate, vegetation and zones. language etc. Present information collated to an audience.

Fieldwork skills • To use eight points of a compass more accurately. Key Vocabulary - tectonic plates, countries within South America, environmental regions, Key Vocabulary - coasts, time zones, keys, grid references, River Mersey, survey import, export trade links tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, latitude, longitude, Prime Greenwich Meridian Sticky Sticky Knowledge Sticky Knowledge Knowledge – Year 5/6 • South America is made up of 12 countries – the largest is Brazil. Countries in South • We live in Halton Brook, Runcorn, Halton, Cheshire, North-west, England, UK, America include Brazil, Argentina, Peru, Venezuela. Europe. • The capital cities of these countries are Brazilia (Brazil), Buenos Aires (Argentina), • The closest river to us is the River Mersey which runs into the Irish Sea. Lima (Peru), Caracas (Venezuela).

• South America can be divided into three physical regions: mountains and highlands, • The Ordnance survey is the national mapping agency for Great Britain. river basins and coastal plains. Ordnance survey maps use six-figure grid references to be more specific. • The Amazon Rainforest is a tropical rainforest located in the tropic of Cancer and • A six figure grid reference contains 6 numbers to help us locate places on a Capricorn. map. The first 3 are called the Eastings (left to right) and the second 3 numbers • Time zones are divided by imaginary lines called meridians which run from the North are called the Northing (bottom to top). These are more specific than a 4 figure Pole to the South Pole. grid reference and gives you a more accurate location. • Brazil are 4 hours behind (BST) 3 hours (GMT). • Runcorn uses a system of expressways for traffic to travel on to avoid people • There is an imaginary line running through the UK (Greenwich, London) called the having to drive through the residential areas. Prime Meridian. The Prime Meridian splits the world into Eastern and Western • The older areas of Runcorn are – Higher Runcorn, Weston, Weston Point, hemispheres. Clifton and Norton. The newer town areas are Halton Brook, Halton Lodge, • The lines extending around the Earth horizontally are called lines of latitude; vertically Castlefields, Palacefields, Windmill Hill, Brookvale and .

are called longitude. • A trade link is the distribution of goods that can be bought and sold between countries. • Goods that are brought into the country are called imports. • Good that are sold to another country are called exports.