"One of the most profound crises-and perhaps the most fundamental one-confronting the United states of America, is the catastrophic situation in our educational institutions. Despairing parents have long recognized that the effects of America's broken-down educational - . system on students' capacity to think, are threatening to become as devastating as the drug plague. . . . II

An EIR Special Report

The libertarian conspiracy to destroy' America's schools

Perhaps you think you "already know" about the crimes of the National Education Association. But do you know that our education system may now be one of the biggest threats to national security? This remarkable report takes up the defense of American education in the thoroughly documented, polemical style EIR is famous for. It was prepared by Carol White and Carol Cleary, who previously collaborated on the book, The New Oark Ages Conspiracy. It includes:

• Documentation on how the National Education Association has, over decades, progressively rewritten public school curriculum to foster the amoral celebration of infantilism. The result: rampant illiteracy and a hideous paradigm shift associated with the "me" generation, to such lifestyles as "free" love, homosexuality, pederasty, pornography, violence, and satanic cults.

• The names of those who created the crisis and how they did it-facts which have not been published by other reports such as the one put out by the National Academy of Sciences, describing the collapse of U.S. education, particularly in the sciences. 152 pp. Order your copy today! • The alternative to this fast-approaching dark age in culture: orienting Price: $250 education toward transmitting the classical heights of Western Judeo-Christian civilization. Lyndon H. LaRouche's curriculum for bringing this classical tradition. From into the 20th century. EIR News Service • The 19th-century Humboldt curriculum, which has recently been the focus P.O. Box 17390 of attacks by groups opposed in principle to public education-in its first English Washington, D.C. translation. 20041-0390 Founder and Contributing Editor: Lyndon H. LaRouche. Jr. Editor-in-chief: Criton Zoakos Editor: Nora Hamerman Managing Editors: Vin Berg and Susan Welsh From the Editor Contributing Editors: Uwe Parpart-Henke. Nancy Spannaus. Webster Tarpley•. Christopher White. Warren Hamerman. . William Wertz. Gerald Rose. Mel Klenetsky. Antony Papert. Allen Salisbury Science and Technology: Carol White Special Services: Richard Freeman e begin the New Year by tackling the two most serious crises Advertising Director: Joseph Cohen W Circulation Manager: Joseph Jennings facing humanity, thescourge of illegal drugs, and the AIDS pandem­

INTELLIGENCE DIRECTORS: ic-" and also by laying out the programs that must go into effect, Africa: Douglas DeGroot. Mary Lalevee starting in 1987, to reverse those crises_ Agriculture: Marcia Merry Asia: Linda de Hoyos DRUGS: As the world's leading authority on the international Counterintelligence: Jeffrey Steinberg. drug cartel for nearly a decade, we survey the state of the battle Paul Goldstein Economics: David Goldman against drugs as 1987 begins. Recent information backs up the thesis European Economics: William Engdahl. Laurent Murawiec put forward by EIR' s editors last spring, in the second edition of the Europe: Vivian Freyre Zoakos book Dope, Inc., that the drug business is a "joint stock company" lbero-America: Robyn Quijano. Dennis Small Law: Edward Spannaus between Soviet commissars and Boston Brahmins-the Western Medicine: John Grauerholz. M.D. partners in this organized empire of evil. The feature package begin­ Middle. East: Thierry Lalevee Soviet Union and Eastern Europe: ning on page 30 gives the intelligence picture and order of battle for Rachel Douglas. Konstantin George defeating that conspiracy. This was written under the supervision of Special Projects: Mark Burdman United States: Kathleen Klenetsky Counterintelligence editor Jeffrey Steinberg, and Thero-American

INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS: editor Dennis Small. Bangkok: Pakdee and Sophie Tanapura AIDS: The leading Economics story on page 4 by the director of Bogota: Javier Almario Bonn: George Gregory. Rainer Apel EIR's Biological Task Force, Warren Hamerman, reports on a turn­ Chicago: Paul Greenberg ing point in the battle against the pandemic, as prominent scientists Copenhagen: Poul Rasmussen Houston: Harley Schlanger and other authorities have come around to EIR' s long-held view that Lima: Sara Madueno we require a "Manhattan Project" wartime-mobilization approach. Los Angeles: Theodore Andromidas Mexico City: Josejina Menendez Whether that demand will be fulfilled, is very much a political ques- . Milan: Marco Fanini tion. New Delhi: Susan Maitra Paris: Christine Bierre GREAT PROJECTS: Thero-America has a less developed rail­ Rio de Janeiro: Silvia Palacios 8 Rome: Leonardo Servadio. Stefania Sacchi road grid today than the United States did iI\ 1 75. When you add . Stockholm: William Jones this to a crushing, and largely illegitimate debt, is it any wonder the United Nations: Douglas DeGroot Washington. D.C.: Nicholas F. Benton continent cannot be the kind of booming market for world trade and Wiesbaden: Philip Golub. Goran Haglund production it ought to be? See page 14 for an exciting, practical

EIRIExecutive Intelligence Review (ISSN 0273-M14) is vision of great transportaton projects required in the Hemisphere; published weekly (50 issues) exceptfor the second week ofJuly and last week ofDecember by New Solidarity and page 22 for insights into how the development of the Moon will International Press Service 1612 K St. N.W .• Suite 300. transform the economy here on Earth as well. Washington. D.C. 20006 (202) 955-5930 Distributed by Caucus Distributors. Inc. In International, the articles on pages 47 and 54 reveal the re­ EII1YJIIHII H""_rr:Executive Intelligence Review NacbrichteDagentur GmbH. Postfacb 2308. lentless build-up of Soviet imperial plans under the cover of Gorba­ DotzbeimerslraSse 166. 0-6200 Wiesbaden. Federal Republic of Germany chov's "liberalization"; and in the lead story on page 42, Japan's Tel: (06121) 8840. Executive Directors: Anno HellenbrQich •.. Michael Liebig emergence in 1987 as a power taking global responsibilities in de­ In DeIUlllUk: EIR. Haderslevgade 26. 1671 Copenhagen (01) fense, science, and development policy. 31-09-08 •

In Mako: BIR. Francisco Dfas Covarrubias 54 A-3 Next week, EIR's coverage 'Yill include an extended tribute to Colonia San Rafael. Mexico DF. Tel: 705-1295. Hulan E_ Jack, the civil rights hero who died on Dec_ 29_ JIIfHII' .ubreription 1tIles: O.T.O. Research Corporation. Takeuchi Bldg .• 1-34-12 Takatanobaba. Shinjuku-Ku. Tokyo 160. Tel: (03) 208-7821.

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PuItmaster: Send all address changes to EIR. P.O. Box 17390. Washington. D.C. 20041-0390. (202) 955-5930 TIillContents

Book Reviews Departments Economics

64 A specious excuse for -10 Andean Report 4 Dr. Gallo calls for AIDS disarming NATO Confrontation ahead in Colombie. 'Manhattan Project' A review by Kathleen Klenetsky A leading American AIDS of How NA TO Weakens the West, 54 Mother Russia researcher is advocating a by Melvyn Krauss. Behind the release of Sakharov. Manhattan Project-style crash program to combat AIDS, the policy heretofore campaigned for 55 Report from Bonn exclusively. by EIR. OperationJuarez Heads to roll over Libya arms deals. 6 Currency Rates 14 The great infrastructure 56 Africa Report projects: transportation 7 In 'War on AIDS,' U.K. Resuming our exclusive Can Qaddafi win in Chad? steps backward serialization of the Schiller Institute's book, Ibero-American Report from Bangkok 57 8 Shimon Peres's 'Marshall Integration: 100 Million New Jobs support grows for Kra Canal. Plan': economic basis for by the Year 20001 this installment takes up building a real continental Mideast peace 72 Editorial railway grid. Ironically, the best hope for The year of the Constitution. Israel's development perspective, is the "Irangate" scandal now rocking Washington. Science & Thchnology 11 Agriculture 22 Maglev and fusion energy Food trade warfare is food for lunar development reduction. What does magnetically levitated train technology have to do with 12 Business Briefs the industrial development of the Moon? A scientific conference in New Jersey presented a most unusual discussion of space development. Correction: In the article "Thatcher leads European prime , ministers in 'war on AIDS," published in EIR dated Dec. 19, 1986 (Vol. 13, No. 50), page 7, under the subhead "France," the expenditure figure called for by the draft law was mistaken. The sentence should read as follows: "The draft law called for annual expenditure of about 10 billion French francs (U.S. $1.5 billion)."- Volume 14 Number 2. January 9. 1987

Feature International. National

42 Japan makes 60 Iran probe spurs factional breakthroughs in defense, warfare in Washington economy, AIDS The political warfare over the The retreat of the United States on Iranian arms deal has become a the international arena has led question of which political Japan to break some taboos of the groupipg-the patriotic forces postwar period, expanding their within the Reagan administration, national defense commitment and or the bankers' faction-will i extending their influence emerge as the dominant force for DeJllOostrators from theNational Democratic Policy throughout the Pacific. the next two years. Committeedenounce theWestern side of the interna­ tional drugcartel, in a February 1986 rally in Boston. 45 Afghan settlement in the 62 Pro·AIDS lobby moves to works? weaken chlld abuse laws

30 The West can stop 47 Russian party's 66 Bulan Jack, civil rights Russia's opium war now Kazakhstan coup heralds leader, dies Explosive new evidence is coming imperial reorganization He was former Borough President to light on the Soviet role in the of Manhattan and a co-founder of international drug traffic; but the 49 1914 to 1986: the road to the National Democratic Policy only way to effectively combat terminal disaster Committee and Schiller Institute. this threat, is for the United States to smash the political power of the Observations by a British Watcher 67 Kissinger Watch Western shareholders in the Dope, on the Threshold. A coup threat the Inc. condominium. to Dominican 51 Witchcraft cults promoted Republic? 33 The 'Soviet connection': in Spain Elephants and Donkeys heroin from Afghanistan 68 reaches the West 53 Persian Gulf war expected Mr. Hart goes to Moscow. to widen 36 Narcotics mob gains in 69 Eye on Washington u. Central America 58 International Intelligence S. kicks off trade war against Europe. 39 Peru takes the lead in the war on drugs ,

. 40 Colombia' counters narco­ blackmail

41 Bolivia takes up the anti· drug war �TIillEconomics

Dr. Gallo calls for AIDS 'Manhattan Project'

by Warren J. Hamerman

In aninterview published in the Washington Times on the last Washington Post which appeared under the title 'The Ad­ . day of 1986, Dr. Robert Gallo, the senior U.S. AIDS re­ vocate for AIDS Testing." In a direct personal appeal for searcher, stressedthe need for a wartime urgencyin dealing universal screening outside the military, Redfield confessed with the AIDS epidemic, and cited the Manhattan Project that he fears that one of his own four children may likely which led to the development of the atomic bomb as a para­ develop AIDS without an emergency national civilian effort digm for thetype of effortneeded to takeon the fatal disease: comparable to what has been done in the military. Redfield Finally, a leading American AIDS researcher has publicly is a strongchampion of traditional public health approaches: advocated the need for a Manhattan Project-style crash pro­ To fightdisease, you must test to findout who has it, then try gramto combat AIDS, the policy heretoforecampaigned for to prevent those who are infectious from spreading it to oth­ exclusively by EIR. ers. Dr. Gallo's statements came on the heels of two break­ . Redfield challenged the way in which public health and throughs on AIDS policy�ne on there search front and the scientific leaders have capitulated to the paranoid .fears of other on the public health policy front. homosexual activists: "People don't understand why our pub­ The new research development was the wide circulation lic healthofficials have beenparalyzed by these civil liberties

on Dec . 30 of the publication of scientific findingsby a team issues. They are important, but knowledge is our only tool of researchers at the National Institute of Allergy and Infec­ right now." tious Diseases, that a dormant AIDS virus can be activated when other viruses infect the same cells. Dr. Malcolm A. Gallo's plan?

Martin, the head of the research team, commented that the In his Dec . 31 interview, Gallo of the National Cancer experimental work supports the view that co-infections, en­ Institute at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethes­ vironmental, or nutritional "co-factors" trigger the dormant da, Maryland stressed that while he did not propose to end virus into activating. independent research, "if we could get together the major Gallo's interview also came four days after Maj. Robert players we'recollaborating with fromuniversities and indus­

Redfield, 'M.D.-one of the U.S. Army's chief researchers tryt and let everyone work together under a common roof, I on AIDS at WalterReed Army Institute for Researchand the thinktbiIigs could move much faster." coordinator of the military's massive AIDS testing program While Gallo's call for a "Manhattan Project" will be which beganin the summer of 1985�threw down the gaunt­ viewed positively among the scientific community, many let on thepublic health policy fron�in a long interviewto the will wait to hear tpe nature and content of the effort, as

4 Economics EIR January 9, 1987 Gallo's call for "centralization" comes from an individual threatened and government findsthem ''toocostly. " who has been involved in such intense competition with Luc 5) Delay sounding the alann on the out-of-controi emer­ Montagnier of the Pasteur Institute in France. gency situation in Africa and Ibero-America because, quite All of the prQIcipal policy and "personality" issues wi� frankly, those areas are "overpopulated anyway," "beyond rapidly sort themselves out around the resolution of the fol­ hope," and emergency actions there are "cost prohibitive." lowingthree questions: 1) making sure that the crash program is launched from the top down by the federal government; 2) The disease burst the coverup ensuring that thecontent of the programis sufficientlybroad­ In late October 1986, the National Academy of Sciences' based, international and scientifically interdisciplinary; 3) Institute of Medicine issued a. report warning of an AIDS ensuring that the research effort is complemented by a full­ "catastrophe" unless the United States increased funding to scaleemergency traditionalpublic health program,especial­ the $2 billion annual level. Even after its report, the now­ ly in cOllapsed tropical areas. discredited Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in Atlanta Rather than merely enhanced money going to a few continued to maintain that what was being done was suffi­ "mainline" labs using molecular genetics and biochemistry cient, since AIDS only threatened a limited number of risk approaches,nothing short of a full-scaleBiological Strategic groups. DefenseInjtiative (BSDI) will work. The Manhattan Project When the World Health Organization (WHO) head in must foster the development of optical biophysics or non­ November 1986 dramatically reversed its policy at a press linear biological spectroscopies in the tradition of the ap­ conference given at the united Nations by Dr. Halfdan Mah­ proachopened by Louis Pasteur in the 19th century. ler, WHO director, by admitting that the WHO (and implic­ Secondly, the crash program must include emergency itly its sister institution, the CDC) had "grossly underesti­ public health measures including large-scale economic and mated" the threatof AIDS, what was leftof the Atlanta CDC sanitation infrastructure development in Africa. went into a catatenic fit.During this entire period,America's Gallo's welcome public call for a Manhattan Projectnow senior scientists refused to speak out publicly. . forces the issue of Washington's intransigenceon mobilizing For instance, at the November 1985 Brussels, Belgium the scientific community to combat AIDS. Up to now, the confernce on African AIDS, some of the same senior U.S. budget cutters epitomized by White House Chief of Staff researchers who have now called for a multibillion-dollar Don Regan, who thought that a national scientific crash pro­ crash research program personally stated in response to this gram was "cost prohibitive," could hide behind the excuse writer's suggestion that a "ManhattanProject crash program" that the scientific community was "getting what it asked for" had to be launched to save millions fromdying in Africa,that or was; at best, "divided." The White House's policy was it was "not necessary... not to waste budget money on AIDS research, but to let the In another example, at the very last minute in the summer Hollywood cohortsof ElizabethTaylor and Mathilde Krim's of 1986, a. grouping of America's senior AIDS scientists National AIDS Foundation raise and steer private monies mysteriously "pulled out" of what was going to be a closed into selective research. In this way they hopedto keep AIDS congression� emergency briefing with a group of U.S. sen­ research under tight control. ators in Washington on the need for a full-scale AIDS crash This policy led to a huge amount of money being steered program. By canceling their appearances, these senior re­ into a small select group of scientists. The price for this searchers left the briefing to the government-controlled sci­ largesse was that these select scientists were expected to ence �dministrators, who were certain not to "spread panic" come up with a miracle cure with the following strings at­ by demanding a costly fullcrash researchprogram and emer­ tached: gency public health measures. Unfortunately,the long period 1) Don't panic the general population because they will in delay of the crash program will mean that many more demanda sweeping policy response fromWashington. people will die from the 100% lethal disease. 2) Remain totally silent or "bend the truth" in public statementsso that the LaRouche-associatedProposition 64 is Gallo urges centralization . defeated in California. In his 1986 year-end interview, Gallo said the consoli­ 3) Refute any dangerous evidence that tl\ere is a causal dation he proposes would involve scientists from about a relationship between economic b�akdown conditions in dozen laboratories with which NIH has collaborated closely tropical areas such as Africa, South America, or southern in AIDS research. ''There's a group at Duke and another Florida, and the uncontrolled spread of AIDS there to mil­ group fromMIT , who have been working on a vaccine," he lions in the general population. said, citing the need for a coordinated approach that would 4) Don't back traditional public health measures such as resultin less duplication of effort, fewer trivial subjects being. universal screening because the very wealthy homsexual pursued, and less research money being wasted. community,which is a largesource of theprivate funds, feels "AIDS is too important a problemto be bureaucratized,"

ElR January 9, 1987 Economics 5 Gallo said. "I'd like to see more movement of money, slots, and information." Gallo said he meets regularly with Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the infectious disease institute, Currency Rates discussing ways to improve communication on AIDS-related issues. "In AIDS research, there is a need to get information The dollar in deutschemarks out as quickly as possible," said Cecilia Mayer, who works New York late afternoon fixing with AIDS researcher Jay Levy at the University of Califor­ nia, San Francisco. "As of now, most of us learnof someone 2.30 else's findings when they are published in medical journals," she added. Dr. Gallo, saying "to constructa new building for 2.20 AIDS at NIH would probably take too long," suggested that NIH set aside a building at its Bethesda headquarters as a 2.10 temporary AIDS institute, where people could easily share 2.00 the results of their work. "'\. - \. """'� "" Co-factors 1.90 11111 11118 11125 12/2 12/9 12/16 12/23 12/30 One of the central questions which any crash AIDS re­ searchprogram will have to addressis lookingat the environ­ The dollar in yen mental co-factors in the rapid spread of AIDS among non­ New York late afternoon fixing risk populations in poverty areas. Except for the work of the research group under Dr. Jean-Claude Chermann of the Pas­ 190 teur Institute, the hypothesis of Doctors MarkWhiteside and 188 Carolyn Macleod of the Miami Institute of Tropical Medi­ cine has not been seriously researched. The question of me­ 1711 chanical transmission by biting insects and looking for the "co-factors" and "co-infections" complex in high-risk AIDS 160"""""'" � -- / L - areas is of vital concern.

It is encouraging that simultaneous with the Gallo call, ISO 11111 11118 11125 12/2 researchers at the NIH's National Institute of Allergy and 1219 12/16 12123 12/30 Infectious Diseases announced that theyfound that a dormant The dollar in Swiss francs

AIDS virus lying in cells can be stimulated into reproducing New York lateafte rnoon ftxlng by exposure to a different family of viruses known as DNA viruses. The AIDS virus is an RNA virus or "retrovirus." 2.00 Dr. Malcolm A. Martin, chief of the Laboratory of Mo­ lecular Biology, stated: "One of the big issues is what is it 1.90 that determines why people stay asymptomatic for many years and what makes others go downhill? It could be infec­ 1.88 tions with different viruses, as we have examined, or there may be environmental, diet, or hormonalfactors thatcan up­ 1.70 - i""...... /'""4 - regulate a dormant copy of an AIDS virus." The work is - '"" 1.60 � V reported in a supplement to the December issue of The Pro­ 11111 11118 11125 1212 12/9 12/16 12/23 12/30 ceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Dr. John Ziegler at the University of California-SanFran­ The British pound in dollars cisco commented: "This is an importantobservation and con­ New York late afternoon fixing firmsthe suspicion thatthere are co-factors in the progression andpossibly the acquisition of AIDS virus infection." I.SO The DNA viruses tested included herpes simplex, aden­ � 1.40 ..... ovirus (causes respiratory infections), varicalla-zoster (re­ . sponsiblefor chicken pox andshingles), andJC virus (causes 1.30 degenerative neurological diseases). The new findings lend support to those who have raised. 1.20 the issue of the causal relationship between the collapsed sanitation,nutritional, and insect-eradication programs in the 1.10 tropics, and the widespread AIDS pandemic among the gen­ 11111 11118 11125 12/2 12/9 12/16 12123 12/30 eralpopUlation there.

6 Economics EIR January 9, 1987 needles/safe sex" approach, then AIDS will become Mrs. Thatcher's Achilles Heel in 1987, especially in the context of upcoming earlygeneral elections.

'Panic is healthy'

The Mail on Sunday ' s Julie Burchill went so far as to In 'War on AIDS,' prophesy on Dec. 21 that Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher could be swept out of power if her governIllent persistsin the U�K. steps backward "safe sex/cleanneedles" approaches. British SocialServices Secretary Norman Fowler had unveiled a "pilot project" for by Mark Burdman dispensing "clean needles" to drug addicts in AIDS-flash­ pointcities like Edinburgh. Fowler announced this pilot proj­ ect after visits to Amsterdam and West Berlin, where "clean While it was British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher who needles" are regularly dispensed to addicts, supposedly to led the charge for the European Community to adopt a con­ prevent "dirty needles" from spreading AIDS. tinent-wide "Waron AIDS" strategy, Britain itselfhas backed Burchill first raised the possibility that the opposition off frofn taking effective measures against AIDS . Despite Labour Party could make a big electoral issue about the widespread reports in early November that the British gov­ Thatcher government's "uncaring" and "laissez faire" atti­ ernment would declare AIDS to be a notifiable dis�ase and tudes toward AIDS, and the Thatcher government's failure move toward measures of national screening and isolation, to make AIDS into a "notifiable disease." Improbable that the actual governmentpolicy which emerged by December, the ultra-liberal Labourites would launch such a campaign? has'been to initiate "pilot projects" in various cities for dis­ Responded Burchill: pensing "clean needles" to drug addicts, and to orient a na­ Labour Party leader Neil "Kinnock doesn't know much tional government-run"War on AIDS" advertisingcampaign about ariything, but he does know, after a fashion, what the almost entirely around the bogus "safe sex" and "use con­ man in the cul-de-sac likes. And he doesn't like the way the doms" themes. government is being so cavalier about AIDS at all." Report­ It was Italy, not the U.K., that took thelead in practical ing that 75% of Britons agree with theDec. 11 declaration of measures againstAI DS. On Dec. 15, the Italian government Greater Manchester Chief Constable James Anderton, that announced that it had declared AIDS to be a "communicable AIDS's spread is worsened by rampant moral degeneracy, disease," and officials indicated they would put into effect Burchill continued: various screening and testing measures, and were advising "It is too easy for the Olympian creaturesof Easy Street local and regional officials to draw up plans to isolate AIDS EC4 and Queer StreetSWl, the hacks and talking heads and sufferers, when, where, and as necessary from a public­ motor mouths, to laugh off these people as hysterical and healthstandpoint. ignorant. The discrepancy between promise and practice has not "These people want to live-desperately. And if they been lost on Britons. Fear and concern over AIDS have panic when they feel their lives are threatened, that's healthy: caused the majority of Britons to call into question the entire A trulysick society would be one that didn't screamand yell liberal "Permissive Society" cultural-moral paradigm which at thethreat to deathto themselves and those they love. " has ruled the country since, at least, the left-liberal Harold In more restrained language, Times of London religious­ Wilson-Roy Jenkins regime of the mid-1960s. By adopting affairs correspondent Clifford Longley warned in a Dec. 23 the "clean needles/safe sex" approaches to AIDS , the gov­ article:"Neither church nor governmenthas fullyappreciated eIT'"'1enthas been operating precisely within the context of that pre-AIDS and post-AIDS are two entirely different the liberal paradigm, that thepopulation itself has rejected. worlds, and that the earlier balances and compromises on As Times of London commentator Ronald Butt put it on sexual morality are not necessarily workable any more. Yet, Dec. 20, tJte "safe sex" approach "was quickly seen as pro­ what the government and most people probably want is un­ viding a new opportunity by a nexus of sex educators, liber­ attainable: a permissive society without AIDS. " tarians, some vested interests and those who flyunreflecting­ Yet, the British cabinet's main advisers on AIDS seem ly with the fashion of the moment," to take over actual day­ committedto sticking to theapparently pragmatic course. On to-day direction of AIDS policy. Other British political ob­ Dec. 21, British Health Minister Tony Newton announced servers fear that the "safe sex" orientation has allowed mis­ his oppositionto a "moral crusade":"I disagree with the view nomered "Gay Rights" activists and advocates in medical that a moral crusade would be sufficient answer to this prob­ associations and health-advisory circlesto usurpcontrol over lem." Newton declared that thegovernment should focus on policy. changing·sexual behavior rather than morals, especially as Numbers of British commentators have bluntly warned theformer would take less time. "We frankly don't have time that, should the British government maintain its "clean to rely on changing the moral climate," he added.

EIR January 9, 1987 Economics 7 Outlook for 1987

Shimon Peres's 'Marshall Plan': economic basis for Mideast peace by Muriel Mirak

The fo llow ing article was writtenfor EIR's "1986 in Review" projects involving Israel and the neighboring states, projects issue/ast week, but could no t be publishedfor considerations whose economic fruits would be enjoyed through a techno­ of space. Given the escalating war danger in th e Middle East, logical level in production and a concomitant, significant the ov erview remains highly timely . increase in the labor power of the populations concerned. The driving motivation behind Peres's launching the idea, In the view of Israeli Foreign Minister Shimon Peres, 1987 as he repeatedly stated, was his concern that the deteriorating should be "the yearof peace negotiations." To lay the ground­ economic conditions in Egypt, Jordan, and particularly Syr­ work for talks� which would engage theUnited States, Egypt, ia, would hasten the process of social disruption, paving the Israel, and Jordan (and including representatives of the Pal­ way for irrationalist, Muslim fundamentalist forces to accede estine Liberation Organization), Peres, in his capacity as to power.The tremendous military debt shouldered by both prime minister, led an indefatigable diplomatic effort Israel and Egypt, aggravated by the International Monetary throughout the year of 1986, to establish his "Marshall Plan" Fund austerity policies enforced by U.S. Secretary of State as the economic platform on which negotiations.could begin. George Shultz, has brought both economies to the edge of Whether or not the incoming year will indeed signal the collapse.In Syria, the massive military build up has sacri­ beginning of concrete moves toward peace, will depend on ficed the civilian economy, and the influx of workers, repa­ the extent to which the Irangate scandal, now sweeping the triated due to falling oil production, has so weighed on the U.S.and Israel, will remove from policy-making positions economy as to create emergency conditions in the country, the obstacles constituted by gun-running networks, and clear visible in electricity and water rationing as well as foo� lines. the way for patriotic forces of both nations to pursue peace Peres has not excluded the possibility that Syria <;ould partic­ through economic development, ipate in the development scheme, for this very reason. ' Peres's plan, first floated in January 1986, was the out­ growth of a decade of deliberations on the part of Peres LaRouche intervenes associates like Economic and Planning Minister Gad Ya'acobi Although the Marshall Plan idea is just what the doctor and former Bank of Israel head A vnon Gafny, both known ordered, convincing concerned parties to provide the medi­ as "fathers of the Marshall Plan." Bearing striking resem­ cation has not been easy. Peres traveled through Western blance to the regional economic development approach Europe to illustrate his .plan, and urged national leaders to American economist and politician Lyndon LaRouche has deliberate on setting up a fund, during their OECD summit beencampaigning around since 1975, the Marshall Plan calls in Tokyo in May. No mention of the plan appeared in that for the creation of a $25 billion fund over to years, created meeting's final communique, but participants assured Peres by the OECD nations, and earmarked for economic and in­ that they had discussed it.The only prominentWestern leader dustrialdevelopment in the entire Mideast.According to Gad who wholeheartedly endorsed the plan was Lyndon La­ Ya'acobi, who helped hammer out the projects of tqe plan, Rouche, whose political support for it was communicated "this would include development of educational systems, throughout the Arab world in the Saudi newspaper Asharq vocational training, irrigation, energy, roads, R&D, indus­ al-Aswat in May. LaRouche stepped up his campaign for the trial plants, housing, airports, and seaports.... Proposed plan within the United States, and issued a series of pol!cy in theframework of the plan, for example, was cooperation recommendations which circulated in Washington and Jeru­ between Israel and Egypt in the fieldof chemicals production, salem. in irrigation, in agriculture, in energy, including the possi­ In June, two E1R correspondents, this writer and Paolo bility of establishing a nuclear-powered electric station in the Raimondi, traveled to Israel, to conduct a series of interviews Sinai, which would supply energy to both Israel and Egypt." with persons directly involved in elaborating the plan, in­ In short, the program defines a series of great infrastructural cluding Gad Ya'acobi, Avnon Gafny, and a host of others.

8 Economics EIR January 9, 1987 Details of the plan and Israeli politicalexpectations were thus ness and banks. " ' further spread to Western policy-makers throughEIR. Since Shamir has taken over as prime minister, there has In August, LaRouche issued a further policy document, been no officialmotion towardthe plan, nor has any attempt entitled "A New Middle East Policy Is Urgent." Addressed been made even tomaintain the momentum createdby Peres's primarily to the Reagan administration, whose 1982 Mideast organizing drive. Worse, the Shamir governmenthas recent­ program had long since become a dead letter, LaRouche ly introduceda series of drastic austerity measures internally, warned, "The U.S. must concentrate on assisting President which will cut expenditures in all those areas-health, hous­ Muharakand israel's 'New Marshall Plan' backers, to reach ing, education-which are crucial to qualifying the labor practical agreements of a kind which will set the trend for all power required for the Marshall Plan effort. . so-called moderate Arabs. If that works, the Middle East can The only hope for Peres's "year of peace negotiations" still be saved. If not, the entire eastern Mediterranean will lies ironically in the U.S. "Irangate." Although Israeli gov­ soon become a Soviet lake." ernment statements have tended to play Israel's involvement Due to the hegemony exerted in Washington by policy­ in Irangate as "a favor to the United States," a favor which makerssince identifiedin Irangate as pursuing a diametrical­ Peres, Defense Minister Rabin, and Shamir agreed upon, it ly opposed policy of promoting precisely that brand of fun­ has become clear that the factions originally involved in damentalism that the Marshall Plan aims to thwart, the offi­ clinching the arms deals for Iran with Alex,anderHa ig, were cialresponse to the plan remained gu�ded silence. ' those grouped around Ariel Sharon. Significantly, it is pre· With merely weeks to go as prime minister, before the cisely the "Irangate" networks in Israel who are most vehe­ October rotation of power in Israel, Peres responded to the mently opposed to the Marshall Plan, including the current passivity of the United States, by launching a series of dra­ prime minister. . matic diplomatic moves. First, in early autumn, he made an Israel cannot have both gun-runners and scientific city­ una.nnounced trip to Morocco, meeting with King Hassan. builders. Either Irangate is seized as the golden opportunity While his factional opponent, Yitzhak Sharnir, grumbled at for Israel's Marshall Planners to clean house, and reestablish the initiative, Peres succeeded in reaching a diplomatically a commitment to technological progress as the nation's iden­ worded .agreement indicating Moroccan willingness to aid tity, or the economy and credibility of Israel as a modem negotiations with the moderate Arab camp, particularly with nation, will disintegrate. Jordan. No sooner had Perescompleted his Moroccan "coup," thana full-fledged summit meeting with Egyptian President Mubarak took place. The final communique of the Cairo summit pledged a commitment to establish a commission �MIDDLE EAST­ which would prepare a multilateral, regional peace confer­ ence, with the participation of Egypt, Israel, the United States, INSIDER· Jordan, and the Palestinians. Peres's aim, as Labour Party insiders confirmed, was to render the negotiating process he Weekly Confidential Newsletter had initiated, unstoppable, by institutionalizing it in such a commission. Executive Intelligence Review has been the authority on Mid­ Although no explicit mention of the Marshall Plan was dle East affairsfor a decade. In 1978,EIR presented a coherent included in the finalcommunique of the Cairo summit, Peres profile of the "Islamic fundamentalist" phenomenon. EIR had made clear in his subsequent activities that the perspective the inside story of the Irangate scandal before anyone else: In 1980, EIR exposed the late Cyrus Hashemi as the Iranian remained unaltered. Now occupying thepost of foreign min­ intelligence man in Washington, organizing arms deals and ister in a Shamir government, Peres traveled to the United terror. States in November for a speaking tour, during which, Israeli Middle East Insider, created in November 1986, brings you:

spokesmen stressed, he "talked about the Marshall Plan • the Inside story of U.S. Mideast policy

wherever he went." In Detroit, during one such speaking • what the Soviets are really doing in the region

engagement, Peres again outlined the economic catastrophe • confidential reports from Inside the Middle East hitting the Arab world. and NorthAfrica that no one else dares to publish "As an Israeli," he said, ''I'm sincerely worried about it. • accuracy on the latest terror actions and terrorist groups I wish to see a stable and flourishing Egypt. I wish to see a stable and .flourishing economy in Jordan, because all of us A subscription also includes a "hot line," where you can call know thesimple truth thatat thegates of poverty, you always for more information on any item we publish. have an assembly of bitterness, belligerency, and extremism. Take out a three-month trial subscription for 1000-DM, and receive one of our recently published special reports as a gift. I think that they should be helped. . . . I believe a Marshall Yearly subscription at 5000-DM. (Distributed only by European Plan should be offered to the countries in trouble by the office.)Write or call: Middle East Insider c/oEIR Dotzheimer.str. international society. The Marshall Plan should be made of 166, P.O. Box 2308,62 Wiesbaden F.R.G. Tel: (6121) 88 40. governmental contributions in a partnership between busi-

EIR January 9, 1987 Economics 9 Andean Report by Val erie Rush

Confrontation ahead in Colombia holding wages below the inflationrate President Barco may learn the hard way that "you can't fool all is a standard IMP prescription. That prescription had been discredited un­ of the people, all of the time. " der the previous Betancur govern­ ment, when then-Labor Minister Car­ rillo proved that wages maintained above the cost of living were not infla­ Co{ombian workers are in a rage at will double in price, and in a week the tionary. the Barco government's year-end de­ wage increase will be all used up." The pressures of the international ception operation, and the next move Jorge Carrillo, president of the financial agencies can be seen reflect­ is theirs. Whatever that move proves newly formed Unified Workers Con­ ed in other aspects of the Barco gov­ to be, President Barco's continued federation (CUT) and formerminister ernment's economic policies as well. subservience to the International , of labor, protested that "this violent In particular, the Colombian govern­ Monetary Fund is setting the stage for cascade of increases finishes off the ment's machinations within the Car­ confrontation-and not only with the possibility of minimal well�being for tagena Consensus (the Andean Pact), labor movement. poor families." Carrillo angrily ac­ to overturn the cornerstone of that re­ The tripartite National Wages cused the Barco government of mak­ gional agreement, Article 24. Council had been battling for weeks ing "fools" of the Colombian people, Designed to protect the economic over the size of the traditional New while another CUT spokesman an­ sovereignty of theregion by strict reg­ Year's minimum-wage increase, with nounced plans to join a national strike ulation of foreign investment in mem­ the powerful business associations­ of state workers in late January or ear­ ber countries, the Pact's Article24 has backed by the government-insisting ly February. long beenviewed as a thorn inthe side on a hike no greater than the just-re­ The fuel-price hikes were an­ of the more rapacious members of the leased annual inflation figure of nounced Dec. 26 by Energy Minister international investor community. 20.5%. The trade unions, which had Guillermo Perry, whom one trade Today, the creditor cartel and its po­ originally demanded 30%, and then unionist described as "the minister of litical agents see Article 24 as an in­ came down to 22.5%, stuck adamant­ the seven plagues" for having ap­ tolerable obstacle to the foisting of ly to their pledge to win an increase provedacross-the�board hikes in pub­ Kissingerian debt-for-equity scenari­ above the cost of living. lic service rates during his short five os upon Ibero-America's debtor na-' After much haggling and threats months in office. tions. of a labor walkout from the Council, Claiming that his measures protect Faced with the prospect of a pre­ the government-business alliance "the pockets of the poor and medium­ maturely terminated coffee "bonan­ "yielded" in mid-December to the income," Perry blamed the fuel hikes za," a massively indebted public sec­ unions' 22.5% demand. But the labor on loss of national oil supplies due to tor, 15%-plus unemployment and the victory proved a chimera, for within constant terroristassaults on the coun­ end of his "honeymoon" with the Co­ the week, the government announced try's main oil pipeline, a pipeline lombian population, President Barco fuel-price hikes ranging from 18.5% which primarily carries the oil of Ar­ appears to have been snared by offers to 33%. mand Hammer's Occidental Petrole­ of substantial new foreign credits into The multiplier effect was imme­ um Company. Perry had already lending his offices to the destruction diate, with truckers raising theirrates gained notoriety in the Barco govern­ of the Andean Pact. by more than25% for transportingfood mentfor his defense of Oxy Pet against Not that it will disappear without to the cities, and private bus owners charges by the comptroller general's a fight. To some, the Cartagena Con­ demanding fare increases tocover their office that the narco-terrorist-linked oil sensus holds the seeds of the political new fuel and labor costs. The Health multi was up to its neck in tax evasion. and economic integration of the con­ Ministry also announced a 22% hike Although the Barco government tinent and, as such, must be defended in the cost of pharmaceuticals, blamed did not openly cite the authority of the at all costs. Alan Garda's Peru has on the high price of imports. As one InternationalMonetary F und to justify already mad� moves in that direction. driver putit, ''Tomorrow transportwill the new price increases, it is widely 1987 may well be a year of confron­ be more expensive; the day after, food known in Colombia thatthe policy of tation for the Barco government.

10 Economics EIR January 9, 1987 Agriculture by Marcia Meny

Food trade warfare is food reduction Europe, which will meantime engage The rhetoric over the' trade measures hides a reality that could in trade war. In December, the European Com­ mean stricter diets everywhere. munity agriculture offices in Brussels announced unprecedented production cutbacks. A dairy output cutbackplan will be implemented, to eliminate2.5 While Dec. 31, 1986 was the �­ announcement, "The European Com­ million milk cows. In addition, pen­ nounced deadline for the United States munity has also prepared its own am­ alties will be imposed for imputed to institute foodtrade retaliation mea­ munition, including tariffs on com production-over-quota of various sures against Western Europe, never­ gluten feed." grains. Other farm income-guarantee theless, on both food-exporting con­ The trade warmay be dramatic, programs which have helped develop tinents, almost ideQtical programs are and it threatens tofraCtufe NATO and European agriculture productivitywill .�nder way to drastically cut food out­ other Western Alliance relations, but beeliminated . put. If the American and European it bears no relationship to reality. The USDA has announced maxi­ public and policy makers fall for the World trade flows are already so dis­ mum land set-aside programs for the trade-war rhetoric , and ignore the rupted that the United States has be­ 1987 crop season. Millions of acres overall crisis, they may find them­ come food-dependent formuch of its will be idled through these actions. selves on a stricter diet thanthe doctor meat and other staples. The monthly and, in addition, millions more will ordered. U.S. trade deficit for November was go unplanted because of the rate of On Dec . 30, PresidentReagan is­ $19.2 billion. farm bankruptcyand dispossession. So sued tariffduty orders , to go into ef­ The problemis that trade volume far, Congress has refused to take ef­ fect Jan. 30, on European imports to worldwide has shrunk, under thepol­ fectiveaction to halt thedisintegration theUnited States, including gin, bran­ icy directionof theInternational Mon­ of thegiant Farm Credit System, whicli dy, white wine, and cheese. The tariff etary Fund, whose loan conditionali­ holds about $69 billion, or one-third will almost triple the �st of .these ties and other directives have made it of the national U.S. farmdebt. A new products. impossible for food-short nations to "Chapter 12" code of thestanding fed­ Reagan considers his action just importfoods tuffsor themeans to pro­ eralbankrupcty laws has been enacted retaliationfor lower purchasesof U .S. duce food , forcing themto export food to help farmers . but nothing exists to feedgrains (com, com gluten, and to gainfore ign exchange f

EIR January 9, 1987 Economics 11 Business Briefs

"What we are seeing is narcotics colo­ He also attacked European state support Technology nization, U. S. crimesyndic3tes moving into for the European Airbus project, saying it Thailandto grow marijuana," a U.S. drug­ preventedfair competition in the aircraft' in- Educator: Soviets enforcement official said. dustry. ''The American traffickers have Thai A similar attack was made on Dec. 18 fear SDI spinotTs contacts who approach farmers to grow by U.S. SpecialTrade RepresentativeClay­ marijuana. With the low price of rice these ton Yeutter. George Bugliarello, president of Brooklyn days, it does not take much persuasion and A spokesmanfor the West German ma­

Polytechnic University, a schoolparticipat � money," said Police General Chaovalit chine tool industrytold EIR that the demand ing in the Strategic Defense Initiative pro­ Yodmanee, head of the office of narcotics was "unnecessary at this time because Ger­

gram, urgedAmericans not to forget during control. man tool exports to the U, S. in the firstnine this time of controversy over Irangate, that TheThai governmenthas destroyedlarge months of the yearare down 32%." the thing the Soviets fear most is the SDI. marijuana fields in almost every part of the ''The SDI debate will soon intensify," country, but General Chaovalit admits much theeducator said in the Dec.20 New York that much of the crop escapes. "We need to Development Post. "When it does, one critical issue, make detailed aerial surveillance of the largely ignored in the debate so far, should country and mount considerable ground op­ be thoroughly explored: the non-military erations," he said. "It will require a lot of Egyptian 'Marshall technological implications of SDI research. resources. " Plan' discussed Perltaps more thanit fears the strategic ad­ Complicating theirefforts is the fact that vantage SOl givesthe U.S. , the Soviet Union neighboring Laos has turned a blind eye to A Marshall Planfor the economic develop­ worries about the new technologies SDI re­ and even sponsored marijuana and opium ment of Egypt has become the number-one search will yield ...[which] could leave production tocompensate for thecrack down topic in Paris, Bonn, and Rome since Pres­ the Soviets much farther behindin their race in Thailand. Police in the northeast say that ident Hosni Mubarak's visit to Europe in to catch up withthe West ." Laotian officials consider marijuana a cash late December. Bugliarello sees the United States ben­ cropand taxvillages about$10 per acre. French ForeignMinister Raymond , who efiting in threegeneral categories: Under theterms of anomnibus drug bill, has been in Cairo since Dec. 23, confirmed 1) Leadership1n the now ploddingpow­ the United States will provide at least $1 that Paris is committed to the plan. erindustry; million in fiscal 1987 to help Thailand's Egyptian media have underlined that 2) Renewed vigor in the moribund ma­ eradication campaign. while Israel is trying to get its own Marshall terials industry; . Planproposal endorsedby the United States, 3) Leadership in computers and com­ Cairowill reCeiveprimarily European help . munications industries. Mubarak is reported to have made three He concludes: "Inour political debates InteTlUltional Trade speeches in a week denouncing the United and in our future negotiations . . . we must Statesfor not being concrete in terms of aid also consider its far-reaching, long-term, Burt blames to Egypt. non-military economic implicftions for the Egyptian sourcesstress tha:! Cairo is def- U.S.-implications that speU opportunity Europe for 'trade war' , initely not leaning towardthe Soviets, how­ for us and a most serious dilemma for the ever, and that the recent trade agreement Soviet Union." U.S. Ambassador to West Germany Rich­ between the two countries has no political ard Burthas warnedof a tradewar between importance. the United States and its European allies in 1987, in an interview published in late De­ Free Enterprise cember in Bild Zeitung newspaper. Burt blames the European leadership for the Defense u.S. gangs sponsor problem. ''Thedanger of protectionismin Amer­ We inberger demands Thai drug cultivation ica is greater now thanat any time since the I 1930s," he said. "If our governmentsdo not more for SDI research Steady progress in reducing opiumproduc­ really cooperate more closely in trademat­

tion in thenotorious Golden Triangle is being ters, we could run into serious problems next Defense Secretary Caspar Weinberger has offsetby marijuanacultivation financed and year." asked Congressfor an extra $2.8 billion for controlled by U.S. crime gangs, Thai and Burtgoes onto say that a trade warcould researchon the Strategic Defense Initiative, U.S. narcotics authorities said, according to beavoided only if the EC ceases to subsidize and for a new rocketto carry military pay­ reporter Ted Chan, writing in the Bangkok agriculturalexports and to restrictU.S. food loads into space and to cover other "must­ Post. imports. pay" defense costs.

12 Economics EIR January 9, 1987 Briefly .

The $2.8 billion supplemental request · and technology" sparked by the spacepro­ for fiscal year 1987, released Dec . 29, also gram under President Kennedy, reininding • AMERICANS think AIDS is an includes $300million in initial costs to pr0- readers that the benefits of the space pr0- "extremely urgent" problem. A poll vide a varietyof aircraftfor Special Opera­ gram"are with us everywhere from hos­the conducted by U.S. News and World tions Forces. pital roomto the playground." Report magazine has found that 65% Weinberger said an extra $500 million He cites such examples as graphite­ of those queried believe that AIDS for SOl would include $250 million for loaded resins used in cars, boats, planes, will become an "extremely urgent" "space transportation technology," includ­ prosthetics; telemetrylhatcan monitor a pa­ problem in 1987. AIDS ranked sec­ ing a manned or unmanned heavy�liftlaunch tient's condition, even via satellite; food ond in the poll's "extremely urgent" vehicle. Other allocations arefor space sur­ preservation techniques to help the world's category, surpassed only by cocaine veillance, directed energy activities, kinetic hungry;and image enhancement using com­ use. kill vehicle technology, and other defense puter-enhanced photos to facilitate medical areas . diagnosis and treatment, and arms-control • DWAYNE ANDREAS, U.S. A Pentagon statement said that a vigor­ verification. grain multimillionaire ofthe Archer­ ous SOl program "is vital in light of active These are now all possible, says Mey­ Daniels-Midland firm, is the likely Soviet efforts in this field." The Soviets have ers,"because this nation chased its dreams." successor to Armand Hammeras the spentabout $200 billion on strategicdefense key contact point with the Soviet over the last 10 years, it reported. leadershipfor U.S. businessmen and big international East-Westdeals, It­ Recovery U.S. aly'sLa Stampareported on Dec . 29. Andreas, from Iowa, is closer to the Transportation Iacocca: U.S. age of Soviet leader Mikhail Gorba­ chov, and has long-standing, good Brazil building headed for disaster Soviet contacts, LaStampa notes.

'grain railway' TheUnited Statesis headed for aneconomic • POVERTY is increasing despite blowout that will be "beyond belief," the ''recovery,'' according to statis­ Brazil is building a 1,0000mile "grain rail­ Chrysler chairman Lee Iacocca warned in tics published in the annual report of way," heading north from an existing rail­ aninterview with. several news agencies the the U.S. Conference of Mayors the head near Brasilia to the Amazon, a region week of Dec . 22. week of Dec . 22. According to the that has not been intensively cultivated be­ Iacocca, who has been considered a po­ report, the number of poorpeople in­ fore becauseof high transportation costs. tential presidential candidate, said that he· creased this year in two-thirds of 25 Construction on the railway will begin wouldn't want to be President: "Ifwe have cities surveyed, and in 24 out of 25, as early as May, the transport ministry re­ [aneconomic] downer coming up, what are thedemand for emergencyshelter for vealed the week of Dec . 22. One percent of the options? I'd be damned if I know," he the homeless increased significantly. the national budget, $350 million, has been said. '''That's why I don't want to be Presi­ allocated for the project in 1987, and it is dent;" · • OVER ONE-THIRD of Vene­ expected to becompleted in threeyears . Iacocca said that the recent Boesky in- . zuela's budget will go to interest pay­ Planned by CVRD, the state company side-traderscandal on Wall Streetand mas­ ments on the foreign public debt in that runs the CMajas iron-ore-basedpro ject, sive layoffsann ouncedby GM arejust "mi­ 1987. Of the $7.6 billion budget, therailroad is expectedto openvast areas of crocosms" of what's wrong with the U.S. 33.9% willbe spent on interest, more Brazil's interior plains to food production, economy. '''Thenext Presidentis gonna feel thanthe central governmentwill earn especially cerealssuch as wheat. just like Herbert Hoover afterthe JazzAge fromoil exports. Venezuela's oil ex­ and [Calvin] Coolidge," he said. ports brought in $8 billion in 1986, "He's goingto bearthe rap and . . . the as opposedto $13.3 billion in 1985. next eight years, you're going to have a SplICe [Franklin] Roosevelt-type administration • GREAT LAKES ports arebeing that's going to do something because the dismantled for the service economy, NASA spinotTs·called crisis of 1992 may be beyond belief. And accordingto an article thein Dec . 14 I'm not being a Doomsday guy. I'm just Bl4falo News . Several once-thriving benefit to everyone saying we gotta pay the piper some time, port cities on the Great Lakes are don't we?" undergoing major transformations

NASA spinoffs benefit everyone, says syn-' The agriculture ministry also has orders into "more lucrative, consumer-ori­ dicated columnist Gary Meyers, in a Dec . to map out settlement programs to make ented enterprises," i.e., sponding 26column in the Houston Post. Meyersde­ maximum use of land within 500 kilometers hundreds of m.illions to courttourists . fends NASA and the "outburst of U.S" talent of the rail line.

ElK January 9, 1987 Economics 13 �JlillOperation Juarez

The great infrastructure projects: transportation

Despite decades of talk about Ibero-American integration, virtually nothing has been done to construct the physical Part 16 infrastructure without which integration cannot exist. The roleof transportation, of power, of great water works , and of Ibero-American integration urban infrastructure, has always been crucial to economic development, from the days of the Greeks and before, and Infrastructure is not an industrythat produces has never been more so than today. wealth directly. but it "produces" something more In the prevailing environment of "free market" cost ac­ important: productivity. To become an economic counting economics, the truerole. of infrastructure is usually superpower. Ibero-America obscured. Infrastructural investments cannot "pay for them­ 200.000 will need kilo­ selves" in a cost accounting sense, and be covered by "user meters of new railroads. as fees," as the World Bank would prefer. Infrastructure in­ well as ports. canals. hy­ vestment doesn't create products; it creates productivity it­ draulic projects. nuclear en­ ergy. and a second inter­ self. It jmparts efficiency and productivityto the goods-pro­ oceanic canal. ducing sectors of the economy, in nonlinear and usually non­ This installment begins measurable, but nonetheless very real, ways. Transportation Chapter 6 of our exclusive creates markets for producers where none existed before; it English-language serializa­ permits larger-scale, and hence more efficient, production to tion of the Schiller Insti­ service these larger markets; it lowers costs, thus increasing tute's book. Ibero-American reinvestable profits; and it creates innumerable opportunities Integratton:100 Mtllion New for business to flourishthat wouldn't exist without it. Electric Jobs by the Year 2000/ The book was published power likewise enhances industrial productivity in many last September in Spanish. It was prepared by an ways-by providing focused and more versatile energy, by international team of experts elaborating Lyndon making possible a vast array of new industrial processes­ LaRouche's proposal to free' the continent of eco­ nomic dependencyand spark a worldwide econom­ despite thefact that no tangible traceof the energy provided tb ic recovery. "Operation Juarez. " ms up in the finishedproduct. Numbering of the figures. tables. and maps fol­ Figure 6-1 shows the correlation between investment in lows that of the book. infrastructure, in constant dollars, in the United States be­ tween 1970 and 1980, and industrialand agricultural produc-

14 Operation Juarez EIR January 9, 1987 tivity, measured as a ratio of net profit to the combined costs way systems, air-transport systems, highway systems , and of labor and capital . Not only is the correlation extremely the efficient interface among these systems and the ware­ close, with rises and falls in productivity following by a year housing and related materials-handling features of transpor­ or so rises and falls in infrastructure investment, but also the tation as a whole; overall pattern, which reached its high point in the mid- 2) water-management, including irrigation, hydroelec­ 1960s, corresponds to the known period of greatest vitality tric power stations, navigable canals, and the supply of water in dieU.S. economy, when NASA was the great project that for urban and industrial consumption; fueled the greatest rate of technological advance in recent 3) energy productionand distribution systems; and American economic history, before that advance was de­ 4) urban infrastructure . railed in the 1970s. The launching of great development projects is also of lbero-America requires several trilliondollars, expended the utmost political importance for the Ibero-American Com­ over the next 30 years, for railroads, roads, electric power, mon Market nations. The great projects will employ .literally water management, and urban construction, if it is ever to millions of people currently unemployed and underem­ escape the vicious circle of underdevelopment of which it is ployed, between now and the year 2000, and in the process still victim. The 19th-century construction of a canal net­ trainthem for the higher-skilled jobs which will dominate the work, followed by the construction of the transcontinental lbero-Americanjob market in the 21st century . railways in the United States, is an appropriate model for the These new construction workers, most of them youths, type of great projects that must both capture the imagination will have to bepolitically mobilized to achieve these inspiring of the citizens of all of lbero-America, and fulfillthe function 'nation-building goals, and organized and deployed in bri­ of creating the economic and physical basis for sustained gades to open up the continent's new frontiers. growth through integration. The limited experience in Brazil and Mexico with such great projects, such as the ltaipu Dam Great transportation projects and Mexico's superport construction, must be generalized lbero-America's transportation network has never over­ and vastly expanded. come its colonial origins as a raw materials extractorconvey­ These "great projects" should concentrate on four areas or belt to transport mineral and agriCUltural wealth from the of economic infrastructure: interiorto the metropolitan centers of Europe and the United 1) transportation, including water transport, ports, rail- ' States. Neither roads nor inland waterways, and least of all railroads, connect the nations of South America to each other,

or to Central America and Mexico. Only within Argentina, Mexico, and Brazil is there any significant internal railroad network_ Most other rail spurs lead only from inland mining FIGURE 6-1 regions to coastal export ports, usually on narrow-gauge track Index of productivity and Investment in incommensurate with whatever other rail lines exist .. Infrastructure In the United States The only ostensible effort to link the continent by road, 1960-1980 the so-calledPan-American Highway, was never completed, and is in bad repair alol1g much of its length. Only a tiny Investment in Index of fraction of potential inland waterway transport is utilized, infrastructure" productivityt largelyfor lack of projects to bypass rapids and link adjoining o.n 55 +------.��------� river basins. The entire interior of the continent of South 0.76 America, including millions of square kilometers, even ex­ cluding the primary Amazon jungle region, is all but empty, 50 +------,jHL------=.... _�� ..,;.;..;;.=.F___t 0.75 with extremely low population densities, while the vast ma­ 0.7� jority of all the people live within a few hundred kilometers 45 +------:r-#------�------'lIIr-�'_I 0.73 of the coast. And even ocean-borne trade, the immediately 0.72 available means of transport among the countries of the con­ � +---�L------�� tinent, is underdeveloped, existing primarily to ship out pri­ '0.71 mary products and provide the manufactured goods that the 35 w"------t 0.70 continent doesn't produce itself. 'Rle lack of such a continental transportation system was ______-'--____ o 11... --'- -'-- ...... 1 0 painfullybrought to light in 1982, during the Malvinas war, 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 when Venezuela and othercountries triedto provide Argen­ "Billions of 1972 dollars. tina with critical military and logistical supplies, only to tEconomicsurplus as percentage of capital plus laborcosts (definition taken from laRouche-Riemann econometric model). discover that there are no cargo ships that travel directly

EIR January 9, 1987 Operation Juarez 15 between Caracas and Buenos Aires. rise from 22% to 40%, and by inland water arteries from 8% For reasons of both sovereignty and development, Thero­ to 16% during this time period. The reasons for these shifts America must build extensive rail systems that are rectified, are straightforward. On the one hand, Thero-America will be double tracked, and eventually electrified. A modem high­ generating vast quantities of bulk commodities-minerals, way system must also bebuilt .

TABLE 6-1 TABLE 6-2 ProJection of non-maritime cargo Comparison of costs of different modes transportation in lbero-America, 1985-2015 of transportation

Mode Cents per ton-mile 1985 Rate of 2015 Ton-kllo- Per- annual Ton-kilo- Per- Airplane 22.0 Type of meters cemage . growth meters centage Truck 6.0-8.0 transport (billions) of total 1985-2015 (billions) of total Railways 0.5-1 .5 Truck 650 70% 5.6% 3,300 44% Pipeline 0.2-0.5 Railways 200 22% <9.4% 3,000 40% Barge and towboat 0.2-0.3 Intemal 75 8% 9.7% 1,200 16% �argo ship 0.1-0.4 waterways Grain ship 0.03-0.06 Total 925 100% 7.2'Yo 7,500 100%

Source: David Bess, Marine Transportation<

16 Operation Juarez EIR < January 9, 1987 MAP 6-1 Principal railroads, existing and proposed

--l Existing � Pr9POS9d I , We will now detail the major great infrastructure proj­ railroad network in Thero-America, with the exception of ects, focusing on rails and waterways, to meet the needs of Brazil's, was built before 1930. the 21st century. One of the most shocking legacies of colonialism ·is the fact that it is physically impossible to directly link up the Railroads existing railways of any two Thero-American countries, as The "Sonora to Patagonia" railroad must finally be built, each system was constructed with a different track gauge. which meansthat the ideas for a Pan-American Railroadthat Table 6-3 speaks for itself. have been proposed but consistently sabotaged, must now be One can conclude .from the above that one of the first implemented�uch a railroad is not only necessary to link necessary steps to be taken is to link up the rail systems of the continent by land for efficient transport among the exist­ North and South America with a trunklinerailroad , the con­ ing population centers. It is also the only way that existing structionof tributary lines" and the inter-connection of exist­ sPaI'Sely populated regions will ever grow. In the United ing rail systems where feasible. States in the 19th century, people followed the canals and The main North-Southtrunkline railroad should establish later the railroads, settling near these arteries and founding a Mexico City-Buenos Aires axis (Map 6-1). The existing towns and cities neartheir junction points, knowing that they studies indicate that it should run fromMexico down through could get their products to market and could purchase the Central America alongside the Pan-American Highway; cut manufactured goods they needed. The railroad preceded the through the still-unpenetrated Darien Gap; go up the Mag­ "market demand" for its services, creating both the market dalena River valley to Bogota; from there go south to Santa and the demand. Cruz, along the Eastern piedmont of the Andes; and from The fact is that there is not a single country in Ibero­ there hook up with the existing rail networks of Bolivia, Americatoday that possesses a railroad network as dense as Brazil, Argentina, and Chile. Its southern terminal point that of the United States in 1860, and the entire current should be Punta Arenas , Chile, which will require the con­ railroad network of all Thero-America (104,768 kilometers) struction of a new line south from C6rdoba. does not even match thatof the United States in 1875 (119,220 The plans for such a "Pan-American Railroad" go back kilometers), even though the U.S. landmass is less than half to the 1870s, and its construction was made a priority during that of Thero-America. Furthermore , most of the existing , the first Pan-American conference, held in 1890 in Washing­ ton, D.C. Engineering surveys were conducted for the line, which were completed by 1893, and published with detailed feasibility studies in 1895. The trajectory we proposefo llows TABLE 6-3 a proposal made by engineers Juan A. Briano and Verne L. lbero-Amerlcan railway network, Havens after further detailed studies in the 1920s. This route by gauge of track, 1984 conforms closely to the center of the South American land­ (in kilometers) mass; and it avoids the Andes Mountains by traveling mostly

Width of track, In meters through level land in the Eastern piedmont of the Andes. 1.676 1.600 1.435 1.067 1.000 0.914 Thus, it is properly denominated the Central Contin�ntal Line. Argentina 20,545 2,772 10,655 A second North-South trunkline, aWestern Continental Bolivia 3,538 Line, should proceed from Caracas in a westerly direction, Brazil 3,472 194 25,784 entering Colombia and crossing the Central Continental Colombia 150 2,688 Trunkline upon leaving Panama, descending in a southwes­ Costa Rica 950 terly direction along the Colombian PacificCoast and contin­ Chile 4,311 341 3,958 uing south to Guayaquil, Chiclayo; and Lima, until joining Ecuador 965 the current Chilean coastal railway. EI Salvador 600 High speed rail transportation for both passengers and Guatemala 750 freight is also immediately necessary for Mexico and the Honduras 472 447 Southern Cone, because of the large amount of traffic that Mexico 14,913 397 already exists there and !he expected rate of growth of those Nicaragua 287 subregions. The principal Mexican high-speed corridor should Panama 376 runEast-West from Veracruz to Manzanillo, through Mexico Paraguay 441 City-which would encompass nearly two-thirds of the Peru 1,782 345 C9untry's total industrial activity. Three North-Southbranch Uruguay 3,001 lines which link the center of the country to the U. S. border Venezuela 634 should also be improved: a) Mexico City-Monterrey-Nuevo Total 24,856 3,472 23,887 3,015 43,935 5,603 Laredo; b) Mexico City-Torre6n-Ciudad Juarez; c) Manzan­ illo-Hermosillo-Mexicali. In all of these cases, there are ex-

18 Operation Juarez EIR January 9, 1987 isting railroads; they must simply be double-tracked, electri­ The best solution to the problem of a double gauge track fied, and rectifiedfor high-speed transport. As for the South­ system is to build rail lines with three rails throughout the ern Cone Corridor, it should connect Rio de Janeiro, Sao Southern Cone, through which it would be possible to run Paulo, Buenos Aires, and Valparaiso. trains equipped with either of the two standards (this is al­ In a second stage ofland transportation development, the ready common practice in Brazil). From Mexico to Santa railroad grid would be extended by constructing: Cruz, Bolivia, installing the double-gauge system would be • several east-west spurs running across the Andes; no problem. However, from Santa Cruz southward, the rail • a line from Ciudad Guayana, Venezuela to Villavicen­ lines to Sao Paulo, Buenos Aires,· and Chile utilize the 1.00- cio, Colombia, which would run south of the Andes and open metergauge, making it necessaryto lay a third trackon these up the entire Llanos areaof those two countries; routes. • a north-south route from Santa Fe , Argentina to Asun­ The material requirementsand costs for this proposedrail ci6n, Paraguay, and into the Mutum region of Bolivia; system are of course substantial, but they are achievable. • and a thirdnort h-south trunkline that would parallel the Expertsestimate that it takesapproximately 180 tons of steel, Atlantic coast of South America. 2,000 cement or woodcrosst ies, and aboul l00 man-days to The electrificationof existing rail lines would be carried constructan average kilometer of track, and that thecost will out in conjunction with the development of electric generat­ ave�e about $6,000 per kilometer on level land, including ing plantsfor Ibero-America's overall industrial needs. And normal bridge construction costs. These figures would hold whereth� firsttwo trunklines do not parallelexisting sections for the railroad running on the eastern slope of the Andes, of thePan-American Highway, new roadways would be con­ where there are no great rivers to cross and the land is rela­ structedadj acent to the railroads and within the same right­ tively flat. Higher construction costs, of over $1 million per of-way, alongwhich would also extend oil and gas pipelines, kilometer, would prevail if the line were built to thehighest as well as electricaland communications transmissionlin es. geometric standards, and at points where major bridges and

The third stage would involve the expansion of both rail- I tunnels arerequired . road and highway capacities, including the double-tracldng The CentralContinental Railroadwould have ato� length of the e�isting rail lines . By this time the rail and road network of nearly 15,000 kilometers, from northern Mexico down to would be integrated with an extensive inland waterways net­ work for barge transportation of bulk commodities, as de­ scribed below.

The location of the entire land transport system must be TABLE 6-4 planned so as to facilitate the rapid industrializationof Ibero­ Projection of railway parameters America, while at the same time opening up currently inac­ 1985-2015 cessible regions which are favorable to human settlement. The new trunkline railroads must be designed to high Density Kilometers of rail Total Intensity geometric standards for at least 85% of their length; that is, of rail network* cargot of uset they should be built as straight and level as possible. Trains should be able to travel at speedsof 200kilometers per hour. France 36,944 67.5 57.0 1,543 . Such a policy would enable the railroads to operate at low South Africa 35,730 29.3 35.7 2,800 costs perton-mile for freight. United States 300,000 30.1 1;363.0 4,543 Given the different track gauges used on the existing Soviet Union 141 ,525 6.3 3,440.0 24,300 Argentina 34,1 72 12.3 14.0 400 104,768 �lometers of track, it will be necessary to use a Brazil 29,946 double-gauge system overall during the first stage of con­ 3.5 80.0 2,671 Mexico 10.1 structionof the continental railway, in order to have trains in 19,953 60.0 3,000 operation as soon as possible. The two standard gauges that lbero-Amerlca 1985 106,627 , 5.3 200.0 1 ,876 should be utilized are 1.435 meters and 1.00meters . Most of lbero-Amerlca 201 5 100,000 the trackagein Ibero-America-43 ,935 kilometers in Argen­ New routes tina, Bolivia, Brazil, and Chile-now runs on the 1.00-meter Transcontinental 40,000 gauge. The 1.435-meter gauge is standard in most other National 60,000 countries, including Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, and Total routes 206,627 10.4 3,000.0 1 5,000 Double tracked 100,000 Venezuela. Electrified 100,000 Eventually, the entire system from Mexico to Patagonia should beconverted to a 1.435 meter gauge, since that gauge

offers the best combination of high-speed and heavy load *km of road per 1,000 square km of land capabilities. Since it is the 'most extensively used standard t billions of ton-kilometers :I: thousands of ton-kilometers per km of road gauge in the world, largenumbers oflocomotives and rolling Sources: Janes World Railways, International Road Transport, ECLA, and stock are also immediately available for use on it. World Bank.

EIR January 9, 1987 Operation Juarez 19 Punta Arenas. Along this route, about 5,900 kilometers of or $120 billion. A roughestimate of totalcosts over 30 years adequate track already exist, of which 2,500 kilometers are could come to the range of $500 billion. The payback to the of the 1.00 meter gauge, and will therefore need to bave a economywill beseveral fold greaterover the sameperiod in thirdrail laid. On the remaining 10,000 kilometers of route, enhanced efficiency, lower costs, and the ability to move entirely new trackwill have to be laid. Utilizing thecost and large cargoes that otherwise could not be moved at all. materials figures cited above, it can be estimated that the construction of the Central Continental Line will cost ap­ Roadways proximately$6-7 billion, requireabout 2 million tons of high­ The national w�housing terminal system mentioned quality steel, and involve 3,500 man-years of labor. Such a above in connection with intermodal transport will substan­ line could be surveyed, planned and built in 5-7 years , if a tially change the role of trucking. The principle is that most crash program wereinitiated jointly by the republicsof Ibero­ trucktransport will beconfined to trips under300 kilometers , America. and of these most routes will in fact be no more than the The otherprincipal components of Phase 1 of the Com­ distancebetween inkrmodal transshipment terminals and the mon Marketrailroad and highway program,are theconstruc­ major cities . The terminals will include warehouse facilities tionof the WesternContinental Line and high-speed systems where manufacturing items can be stored in parts, for truck in theMexican and SouthernCone corridors. It can berough­ distributionto urbanconsumption points. ly estimated that these additional projects would cost again The employment of trucks capable of transporting con­ as much as the Central Continental line, and require equiva­ tainers direct from the rail terminals makes this procedure lent amounts of materials and labor. Thusthe entirep roposed eminently more efficient than having trucks make a trip of first phase of an ambitious railroad project that would open hundreds or thousands �f kilometers , as is currently done in up the entirety of the subcontinent to development, would the United States, for instance. New designs for bringing require only 4-5 million tons of steel and 7,000 man-years of trucked cargo into urban centers also need to be developed, labor; and cost under $15 billion-which is less than half the including mini-depots within the city, centrally located in illegitimate interest payments which are being looted from shopping centers; underground terminalsfor unloading trucks Ibero-America every year under International Monetary Fund within the city, to eliminate surface road congestion; and tutelage. specialtruck roads to minimize truckcongestion of the urban All told, the new continental lines will probably total road network. about 40,000 kilometers of new route length. In addition to Despite this shift of emphasis for trucking from long to thisconstruction , a minimum of 60,000kilometers , and pos­ short haul, it will still be necessary to invest greatly in the sibly more, will need to be added to the rail grids of the Ibero-AmericaD road network. First of all, it will take 10-20 individual countries. Every major city and industrial center years to properlyde. velop the rail and waterway networks to must be connected by relatively direct routes to the national the point that they can transport all of the cargo properly in railway grids, and for most countries this implies a major their domain, before which time trucking will have to take addition to the national rail grids. Table 6-4 shows thecom­ up the slack. Second, some long-distance trucking will also parativedensity of track between Ibero-America and several be necessary,and along the major industrial corridors truck othercountr ies. Apart from the Soviet case, the densities per traffic will always be very heavy, requiring superhighways thousand square kilometer of total area run from,3 0 to 60, of four, and even six, lanes to accommodate it. While coun­ compared to at most 10 in the most dense countriesof Ibero­ tries such as Mexico and Brazil have extended their road America, and only 5 for the continental average. Adding networks a great deal in the last 15 years, and have acceler­ kilometers of route length would bring the density ated schedules for paving the more important sections, the 100,000 - only to 10.4, and may prove to be inadequate, but further pace is not adequate to meet the demand. studies will need to determine precise needs for the year Apart from general maintenance, there are three major 2015. tasks to be met by the road investment program. The first is Inaddition toadded route length, it canbe estimated that to identify the major interurban corridors that must be made at least half of thenew total (existing raillines plus additional intohigh-s peedfou r-lanelimited access superhighways. The lines) will need to be double-tracked, adding an additional second is to link the moreisolated agricultural regions to the 100,000 kilometers of track length. Further, most of these national and regional markets. The third is to surmount the lines and some of the remaining single track lines are pro­ several types of geographic barriers by special methods . For jected to be electrified, to increase efficiency and economize example, new ways must be found to construct safe , year­ fossil fuel. While it is impossible to derive accurate cost round roadways across the Andes, including modem meth­ estimates forcertain -other major components of the rail sys­ ods of tunnel construction and techniques for preventing tem, such as electrification, rollingstock, enhanced mainte­ 14ndslidesalong steep mountain slopes. Similarly, very wide nance , and the contingency costs for the higher-cost sections expanses of the Amazon and Parana rivers must be spanned of track across the Amazon and theAnd es, such investments by road and railways, and year-round roadways constructed will addup to �veral times the cost of the rail system itself, through extended, swampyjungle areas.

20 Operation Juarez EIR ' January 9, 1987 "EIR has commissioned this Wh ite Paper to bring the truth on the developing Panama crisis to American citizens and lawmakers, so that decisive action can be taken to stop this campaign, before the United States faces a new strategic crisis on its southern flank."

An EIR Special Report ·White Paper on the Panama crisis: Who's out to destabilize the U.S. ally, an�' why

As this report shows, the principal figures in the "democratic .opposition " movement are drug-money launderers, lawyers for-cocaine and marijuana traffickers, terrorists, and gun-runners. Their presidential candidate, Arnulfo Arias Madrid, is a life-long Nazi.

The report includes: mission and the New York Council on For­ 100 pp. eign Relations created the "off-shore" Order your copy today! '"' banking center in Panama, to handle their • A "Who's Who" in the drug mob's cam­ Price: $100., .. .paign to overthrow Panama's government; debt-and-drug. looting of South America; From The facts on how "conservative" Jesse • Proposals on how the United States can • EIR News Service Helms has joined with State Department help secure Panama, through a series of one-worlders to implement a destabiliza­ Canal-centered development projects, P.O. Box 17390 tion campaign designed by the U. S. Lib­ which break Panama's economic . depen­ , Washington, D.C. eral Eastern Establishment; dence on the "off-shore" economy run by 2004 1-0390 • How David Rockefeller's Trilateral Com- the international banking cartel.

EIR '. Special Report, "Soviet Unconventional War- . fare: The Case of Ouatemala," shows who is trying to turn Guatemala into the newest wholly-owned plantation of the international drug mafia---and how to stop them. The dope pushers have a six-month timetable for smashing the resistance of the Gua­ temalan military.Yet the U.S. State Departmenthas maintained the Carteradminis tration's boycottof aid for the Guatemalan anti-drug effort, on grounds of "human rights violations." Also available are a slide show and a 25-minute videotape" including on-the-scene action shots, and interviewswith militaryoffic ials in the United States and Guatemala.

o Special Report , Soviet Unconventional Wa rfare: The Case of Guatemala. Order #85016. $150. o Complete package on Guatemala's war on drugs: Spe· cial Report, slide show, and videotape. $500. o Two Special Reports for antidrug fighters, at a discount price: Soviet Unconventional Warfare: The Case of Gua­ temala and Narco·terrorism in Ibero-America. The latter report, issued in 1984, exposes the drug-pushers of Col­ ombia and Peru . with a ground-breaking analysis of the role of gnostiC cults in narco-terrorism. Two for $250.

Order from your Regional EIR representative or from: EIR News Service, P.O. Box 17390, Washington, D.C. 20041 -0390. �ITmScience lit Technology

Maglevand fusion energy for lunard evelopment

A September conference broughttogether experts in thefields of magnetically levitated trains, sp ace development, andfusion power. MarshaFree man reports.

"Krafft Ehricke gave a talk in October of 1984, and one of Lunar Development Council, to engage private industry in the things he said was, 'If God had wanted men to be space­ planning non-government initiatives for the industrial devel­ faring, he would have given mankind a Moon.' That was a opment of the Moon. Current plans to have an operational poetic way of saying without the Moon being there as a goal space station by the mid- 1990s, if kept on schedule, would for us to consider, we might never have invented rockets and create the possibility of a manned return to the Moon, just wanted to leave the Earth . We'rein the process ofestablish­ past the beginning of the next century . ing goals, and the one we'remost interested in, is the lunar In his conference presentation, Dr. Duke sought to ex­ base." plain why the development of the Moon is the next step for That statement by Dr. Michael Duke, the chief of the the exploration of space, and to answer the question most Solar System Exploration Division of the NASA Johnson attendees were asking themselves as the Symposium '86 Space Center, opened the keynote presentation of the first conference began: What does magnetically levitated .train LunarDevelopment Symposium, held on Sept. 22-23, 1986 technology have to do with the industrial development of the in Atlantic City, N.J. The symposium was combined with Moon? the first U.S. Maglev Transportation Conference, to present one of the most unusual meetings on space development. How will the Moon be developed? The sponsorsof this Symposium '86 conference-which "The lunarbase can beimportant to us as a stepping stone included the Engineering Club of Philadelphia, a number of outward from the Earth in the migration of people into the other engineering societies, three state transportation com­ SolarSystem and eventually into the universe. . . . It opens missions, the Young Astronaut Council, a division of the the possibilityof using materials, energy resources in space,

Johnson Space Center in Houston, and the American Mag­ to better our life here on Earth . It is a critical point in the Levcompany-were as varied as thetopics on the agenda. development of our space capability. We know how to rou­ Scientists and engineers, from small high-technology tinely fly back and forth to space, and we can envision a lot companies and government laboratories, presented their work­ of ways to use that space environment," Dr. Duke stated. in-progress on strategies and technologies for lunar devel­ "[But] we have not found thepolitical motivation tQ pro­ opment. Dr. Gerald Kulcinski, director of the Fusion Tech­ vide urgency to the endeavor of exploring space. Right now, nology Institute in Wisconsin, captured everyone's imagi­ Ii!least in the United States, there is not the urgency associ� nation by demonstratingthat mining a rare isotope of helium ated with the Apollo program. . . .. If we are to maintain a on the Moon, could provide fusion energy for the entire strong civil space program in this country, we must find Earth , and theMoon, over the next century. exciting goals where we can focus our energy, which moti­ One of the goals of the meeting, was the formation of the vate us, which can motivate the whole society. I believe the

22 Science & Technology EIR January 9, 1987 lunar base is such a goal. [magnetic levitation]," Duke explained. "The obvious one is "It's feasible, it is affordable, and it can return profits to that lunar surface transportation will be required.'M agnetic those people who are wise enough to identify the potential levitation may in fact bethe best choice for developing major and to make the right kinds' of investment," Duke stated. "It transportation systemson the Moon, either on the surface or can be helpful in maintaining U.S. leadership in technolo­ in tunnels. Maglev uses electrical energy directly, without gy. . . . An important part of choosing the right goals is to the need for chemical fuels, which will be scarce for a long choose things that will motivate the young people in this time on the Moon. coilntry and around the world, to put the right emphasis on "In the short term, "maglev systems to move materials their education to develop in science, engineering, and tech­ from mines to mills efficiently; in the long term, maglev can nology. provide transportation systems for moving people between "Although the Moonis a harshenvironment to work in­ lunarhabitats , and perhaps, even for lunar tourism. we have a high vacuum, extreme temperatures, radiation, "Anotherparallel is the general technologyfor magnetic and less gravity-it's not so different from the Earth.... levitation, and electromagnetic accelerators. This is a field The challenge for a lunarbase is to adapt to an environment of technological growth." In addition to the need for low-cost that is more or less familiar, but has some different con­ transportation from the Earth to space, "low-cost Moon-to­ straints. space and space-to-Moon transportation is the key to the "Whatwe have to do on the Moon, is to leamhow to use long-term viability to lunar economy and electromagnetic the Moon's materialsand energy resourcesto establish a new launch is of major interest. . . . Ultimately it should bepos­ place for humanity-homes, farms , transportation systems, sible to launch payloads from the Moon withmaglev, at less powerplants , mines, schools, and everything. cost than launching fromhere ," Duke speculated. "There are several parallel themes that tie the technolo­ "Another threadthat ties maglev and space togetheris the gies of lunar development to the technologies of maglev general advancement of technologies; of materials, struc-

positive attraction of on-board magnets, and a second set of coils in the guideway, positioned on the sides. As the Magnetically levitated train passes by, the polarity or direction of current in the Earth guideway is changed, and the vehicle is given an added trains Moonon and push frombehind , fromthe repulsiveforce of thetwo sets of magnetic and electrical fields. On Earth, the major drawback to wheel-on-rail trains is On Earth, the real potential for maglev systems will the speed limit of about 200 miles per hour, due to prob­ be realized if the trains are placed underground in evacu­ lems of loss of traction, frictional heating, and the diffi­ ated tubes. Without aerodynamic drag , the only limit to culty of transmitting electrical power through physical the speed of the train, at a constant comfortable rate of contact. On Earth, however, our atmosphereproduces an acceleration, is the distance and thereforeamount of time, aerodynamic drag on any vehicle above about 300 miles over which the train has to accelerate. an hour, which once again ultimately limits its speed. On the Moon, if radiation exposure can be limited, In the environmentof the Moon, however, thereis no there will be no immediateneed to place the trains under­ atmosphericdrag nor indigenous sources of fuel. In addi­ ground. The noiseless, pollutioniess, all-electric maglev tion, it is important to keep the Moon's near-vacuum as transportation system can move equipment, materials, and clean as possible, for scientific experiments. All of these colonizers around the surface quite easily. factors make all-electric magnetically levitated trains a Electromagneticlaunchers , based on the same dynam­ goodmatch for lunartransportation needs. ic principles as maglev trains, are also being designed, to The fundamentalprinciple involved in" using the inter­ accelerate unmanned payloads to greatspeeds. These self­ action of magnetic and electrical fields to levitate any­ contained payloads could be "thrown" across the Moon's thing, is that bodies of like polarity repel, and those of surface, or, if they attain high enough speeds, can reach opposite polarity attract. In the most advanced design for orbital velocity and perhaps deliver material to a space maglev systems, fields of opposite polarity are produced station, or storage depotnear theMoon. by a current flowing underneath the train vehicle in a Though the United States stopped its maglev devel­ guideway, and fieldsproduced by magnets on the vehicle opment effort a decade ago, West Germany, England, and itself. Japan are in the processof testing, building, and operating The use of a linearsynchronous motor produces pro­ maglev systems. Some cities in the United States are now pulsion for the train by pulling the vehicle forwardby the considering buying the technology from abroad.

EIR January 9, 1987 Science & Technology 23 tures, electronics, computers, that will support both ven­ ney time of 100 seconds. The only moving partson the trains tures. Technology transfer opportunities exist between NASA arethe doors , and the maximum speed of travel is 34 miles and maglev. per hour, due to the short distance. Though this system is a "If we continue to focus on the near-term payoffs in kind of miniaturization of a full-scaletrain line, it is the only projects that are motivated only on the basis of the near-term commercially operating maglev system in the world. payoff, we will npt be able to carry out such projects as lunar The GEC speakers speCUlatedon how such a frictionless, development. " all-electric transport system might operate under the gravity of the Moon, which is one-sixth that of Earth. Michael Atwell, Maglevon the Moon from Rapid Transit Projects in England, which was formed A series of presentations at the conference , including a recentlyto market maglev technology from the United King­ luncheon address by Henry Kolm, who is the father of mag­ dom, stated that a lunar transport system will be needed to netically levitated trains in the United States, summarized travel from the initial base to landing sites, to mining out­ thestate ofmaglev research. Using magnetic fieldsto levitate posts, to exploration regions, and to the telescopes and other a train above a guideway, and to power the motors to move scientific instruments stationed on the Moon. the train, offers noiseless, pollutionless, energy-efficient all­ The early vehicles will be brought in pieces from Earth electric transportation, which is nearly limitless, in terms of to be assembledon the Moon, but will beconsiderably lighter I ' speed (seebox) . than the five-ton vehicles used in the Birmingham system. The program in the United States, which began in the Power requirements to run the trains will be as little as 1120 mid- 1960s at MIT, came to a halt a decade later, and this of thoseon Earth, thoughtrains will need life support systems nation has no research ongoing, no system under develop­ if they areenclosed, or, if the cars are open, the passengers ment, and no manufacturing companies that could build such will have to wear space suits. an advanced transportation system. Ron Sturland fromGEC suggested that, rather than trying But in Japan, West Germany, and England, maglev sys­ to perfectly level the highly cratered and irregularlunar sur­ tems are underdevelopment, and representatives of theGen­ face, the trains be suspended from an overhead cable guide­ eral Electric Company of England at the conference, de­ way, or catenary (Figure 1). Most of the pay load would be scribedtheir small operating system at Bipningham Airport, equipment needed for the base, he said, and the astronauts which went into service in 1984. could simply stand up during the short trips. 'DIe B'irmingham maglev system consists of only 623 If the system is suspended in this way, it would have to meters of track (less than half a mile), and can carry 397 be designed to protect the passengers and equipment elec­ passengers each way every 15 minutes. Each triphas ajour- tronics from lethal radiation. The alternative is to place the

FIGURE 1

Suspension cable _ Droppers _ ---- r----current collection Landing pad r<;+.;;a.1:4l Roller (lateral movement) Propulsion reaction rail ��i!jC:Jiiiiiiiiir=::!!:::.i=�t--:tevitation reaction rail

Motor -"1A-hf------J I---+T- Magnets

Power electronics & controls

This design fo r a magnetically levitated train system on the Moon, has the vehicle suspended from a cable. The all-electric train would hang from the elevated structure, which would navigate th� craters and uneven lunar surface Hand-held controls more easily than a conventional rail design . Vehicle platform suspension

Source: Ron Sturland, GEe,

24 Science & Technology EIR January 9, 1987 trains undergound, which would require the use of new, The Moon is a "seismically and tidally stable platform on highly efficient tunneling technologies. which to build structures," he said, with the total amount of Such a new technology , using a nuclear fission reactor seismic energy released being one billion times less than on for a heat source , was proposed at the conference by Joseph Earth. Most moonquakes are so slight they would be consid­ Neudecker, Jr. , from the Los Alamos National Laboratory . ered background noise on Earth, and there are about 500 Twelve years ago, a team at Los Alamos developed a syStem quakes peryear, compared to about 1O,� on Earth. they called Subterrene, to use the heat of a nuclearreactor to Our Moon has a ten)Jous atmosphere that does not cause melt rock and soil to build tunnels . The anti-nuclear senti­ wind-induced stresses and vibration on structures, nor does ment of the 1970s, and the fact that there were not high it blur images. The near-vacuum will be important for mea­ power-level, compact nuclearreactors available at that time, surements of phenomena such as the solar wind. The tenuous left Subterrene in theexperimental stage. atmosphere on the Moon will have to be carefully monitored In his concept for use on the Moon, which Neudecker in the vicinity of scientific experiments, when you consider calls Subselene, a reactor provides 3 megawatts of thermal that each Apollo mission temporarily doubled the nighttime power at about 1,300 degrees centigrade, to each of 134 mass of particles in the atmosphere. individual rock-melting heaters. This tunneler design would According to Taylor, the micrometeorite fluxes on the prod!1ce a 5-meter-diameter hole, �sing a total of 400 mega­ Moon, where there is no atmosphere to slow down or break watts of thermal energy, which could advance at a very fast up small bodies from space, mean that "sensitive surfaces , rate of 80 meters per day. The system could be entirely such as mirrors on optical telescopes, will have to be pro­ automated. tected," and the high-radiation environment will require pro­ One of the most serious problems in lunar tunneling will tection for people working on the lunar surface, and for � the fact that the surface is heavily cratered , and the soil electronic devices that are deployed there . very fragmented. Internal support forthe tunnel using Sub­ Dr. Taylor sh9wed the fanciful design for an array of selene , however, would be straightforward, since the liquid radio telescopes on the far side of the Moon (see illustration) . melt from the boring heaters forms a glass lining, for tunnel Stewart Johnson, from the BDM Corporation in New support. The remainder of the melt couldbe extruded behind Mexico, added otherpossible scientific missions on theMoon. the Subselene machine, and further processed and used in a "Lunar-based astronomy ," he said, "will utilize optical tele­ variety of structural shapes, such as bricks and cylindrical scopes, radio interferometers and possibly high-energy pho­ tubes . ton detectors , cosmic-ray detectors and neutrino astronomy Subselene does not require the use of volatiles such as instruments ." Johnson stressed that any transportation sys­ water or gases, which will be very expensive on the Moon tem on the Moon will have to be benign in terms of dust, SInce they will have to be brought from Earth. Neudecker chemical pollutants , electromagnetic radiation, andany other stated that all of the elements of the Subselene technology disturbances. had already been worked out at previous projects at Los. He described one possible astronomy concept for the Alamos, and the current space nuclearreactor project being Moon, which is based on the very large Arecibo-type tele­ developed jointly by NASA, the Defense Department, and scope. This radio telescope is engineered into a· natural the Departmentof Energy , will make small, compact nuclear depression in Puerto Rico, and a like design could protect a reactors available, by the time Subselene is ready to go to the telescope and antenna arrays at the bottom of a crater on the Moon. Moon.

Transportfor lunar science Mining andmaterials nne half of the Moon is never seen by us from the Earth, One of the major activities on the Moon that will start because its period of rotation on its axis is the same as its soon after astronauts return there , will be the movement of period of revolution around the Earth. This makes the far large amounts of soil, or regolith, to provide radiation shield­ side of the Moon a perfect place to put radio telescopes and ing. Wallace Roepke, from the U.S. Bureau of Mines in other observational equipment, to be able to look at the heav­ Minneapolis, presented a challenging picture for the confer­ ens froma stable platform, outside of the Earth's atmosphere, ence participants of what mining on the Moon will require . and facing away from the Earth's radio transmissions and A few weeks before the September meeting, Roepke had other electromagnetic radiation. provided this author with a paper that was presented at the Dr. G. Jeffrey Taylor, from the University of New Mex­ Working Group on Extraterrestrial Resources, in 1968, eight ico, described the characteristicsof the Moon's environment, months before the first manned landing on the Moon. The from the standpoint of lunar astronomy, in his conference earliest source on lunarmining cited in this paper, was a 1956 presentation. He stated that the Moon's geological environ­ articlefrom the Journal of the British InterplanetarySociety. ment makes it extremely well-suited for astronomical obser­ NASA began funding research by the Bureau of Mines vation. (BOM) in 1965 , as everyone in the space program assumed

EIR January 9, 1987 Science & Technology 25 Thisfancifulsuperim posi­ tion of a radio telescope array. on the Moon was used by leffTaylor as one example of the opportunity fo r science on the Moon.

that the establishment of lunar bases would follow within a the Moon (see photograph). decade of the initial manned exploration . In the 1968 BOM In his paper on astronomy on the Moon, Stewart Johnson paper, it is pointed out that space logistics and economics mentioned that telescopes and other equipment will have "emphasize the need for simplicity, reliability, and automa­ their foundations buried in the .lunar soil, to prevent them tion" for mining and materials-processing systems. from being subjected to wide variations in temperature on the Work was under way , at that time , using simulated lunar surface. Larger-scale mining, however, will be required , to materials to de�ermine a broad range of physical properties provide approximately 10 feet of shielding material for iiving of the soil. The work_ done by the BOM contributed to the .quarters , and also the raw material for new materials-pro­

design of the drilling and other equipment Apollo astronauts cessing industries. ,_ took with them, between 1969 and 1972. Materials scientists have already . started to experiment At the lunar-maglev conference, Roepke presented a pic­ with simulated lunar soil, and the real thing, to examine what ture of the mining technology requirements to develop lunar can be fabricated on the Moon. resources. During Apollo missions, astronauts found that no

core samples deeperthan 2.9 meters could be obtained, using What you can make from lunar soil _ the drills they had with them. Extractingthe rotary drills from The sqlall amount of expldration done by the dozen astro­ the soil proved to be more difficult than expected from Earth nauts who traversed the Moon during the Apollo prqgram, experience, and almost h�d to be abandoned at the Apollo 15 has not indicated that there are Earth-like veins of minerals site. there . But the soil has recently proven to be a potentially Roepke stressed that in most of the "strategies currently excellent raw material for the structures that a lunar base will being proposed ...the assumption is being made that ter­ require , assuming the Bureau of Mines' solves the problem of . restrial mining technology can be readily adapted to the lunar digging up lunar rock and soil, and provision is made for environment." The friction , temperature variation , chemical transporting them to processing facilities . f composition, and other characteristics of lunar rock and soil Over the past year, an impressive amount of actual hands­ areso different from those of Earth, that entirely new mining on experimental work has been done, to examine the prop­ and materials-processing technologies will have to be devel­ ertie!i and fabrication techniques needed to use lunar soil. A oped, rather than simply modified from existing techniques, paper by Tom Me.ek, froIpLos Alamos National Laboratory , he stated. presented to the conference by Dave Vandeman, discussed At the end of his presentation, Roepke demonstrated the the possibility of using microwave energy to process lunar only mining equipment that he could be sure would work on material. Experiments were done using 2.45-gigahertz mi-

26 Science & Technology EIR January 9, 1987 crowaves, produced by a magnetron , for 25 minues in an oven. The material was melted and sintered, and the reseachers found that the heating rate increased as the temperature in­ creased. They were able to generate different phases in_the material that are transparent to the microwave energy, imd created a ceramic which they posit could be used to '''pave'' lunarroa ds, reinforce sides of craters to hold structures, and cover over places where a low dust level is desired. Bill Agosto, head of Lunar Industries, discussed the pro­ dlJction of cement and concrete from lunar soil, and pointed out that the strength integrity must be maintained in the lunar vacuum. T.D. Lin, , from Construction Technology Laboratories, described the experiments he had done with the 40, gr�ms of real lunar soil l\e had been given last March, by the Johnson Space Center. The sample was from Apollo 16. Lin stated that the goal of his work was to evaluate lunar concrete for the construction of a lunar base, and that his preliminaryfinding was that the strength in the lunar concrete was two times the pounds per square inch construction code requirement for concrete used here on Earth . This is quite significant in two respects� First, this result was not found using lunar simulant, and it has been hypoth­ esized that, though you can simulate the chemical composi­ tion of lunar soil, the real soil, which has been created from Wallace Roepke from the Bureau of Mines demonstrates the op er­ ation of the only proven technologyfo r mining on the Moon . micrometeorite bombardment of rock, has suffered thennal and other'shocks, which are not recreated in the simulant. Second! )(you produce a building material with more strength than is needed on Earth , in the one-sixth lunar grav­ which can be added to with identical modular faces and ity , structures built from this material can be enonnously connecting joints, and clustered in either a convex or concave larger than on Earth . configuration. The open and light structural frame can be Lunar composite materials were discussed in a paper by used to fonna multilevel platfonn with a variety of activities William Lewis and Theodore Taylor, based on experimental ,possible for each level. work being done at Clemson University. They have been Mangan has mad'e use of all of the Platonic solids (the examining the use of lunar-derived glass for construction, by tetrahedron with four sides, the cube with six sides, the eight­ producing glass fibers. The lunar regolith simulant was melt- sided octahedron , the 12-sided dodecahedron, and the 20- , ed, fonnedinto fibers , given a metal coating, pressed togeth­ , sided icosahedron) for buildings which can be living quar­ ' er, and welded into structures. ters , laboratory space, and office space. On the Moon, the The material produced has properties similar to fiber­ platform supported by the tetrahedral frame could becovered glass, which does not crack, because the fibers are held to­ with the necessary lunar soil or regolith, for radiation protec­ gether by a matrix . In Earth-made fiberglass, the matrix is tion. made of resin, and in the lunar simulant experiments, it was With its truncated base, the tetrahedral frame is ideal for supplied by the metal coating . The tensile strength of the stepping around craters and other irregularities on the lunar lunar glass.composite is comparable to certain kinds of wood­ surface, the same way any elevated structures do on Earth en building beams. (Figure2) . Portions of the base inside a crater, for instance, would simply have extra levels, compared to the areas under How people might live on ,the Moon the flatterparts of the surface. One of the most interesting conference presentations was , Mangan remarked that the icosahedron and dodecahed­ given by architect Joseph Mangan from New York, who has ron fonns, when sitting on the platfonn, as pictured in the taken the regularPlatonic solids and fonned them into basic illustration, look like geodesicspher es, but they are not. They building elements and living struCtures, for Earthand Moon. are structures that ciUl be highly pressurized due to their Based on the tetrahedron, made up of equilateral triangles inherent structural strength, and fit exactly into the support for its four faces, Mangan has created an expandable platfonn frame of the platfonn, because of its geometric shape.

EIR January 9, 1987 Science & Technology 27 . The expandableplatf orm on the Moon would have levels underneaththe soil, which wo�ld house the ' transportation, energy production, and other lu- ' narbase infrastructure. Here, Platonic-solid structures are on top of . the platform, though they would either be shielded fo r housing, or they would be usedfo r unmanned op­ erations.

Most of the research that has been done over the past 20

FIGURE 2 years , with the notable exception of Krafft Ehricke's work, has assumed that only today's energy technologies will be used in lunar industrial development. Scientists and engineers have spent years trying to figure out how mankind.will produce the life-support, food , indus­ trialequipment, processing technologies, and other needs f�� lunar bases and cities, using conventional chemical and fis­ sion energy. They have also performed most calculations on getting from here to Mars , using the same energy sources for propulsion. The structuralpieces fo r the expandable platform holding the , Thermonuclear fusion, with energy densities orders of Platonic solids are made of tetrahedral shapes. As can be seen magnitude greater even ilian fission, will open up the age of here, they can fo rm aflat top platform, and also be the structural support anchor fo r buildings above. direct plasma processing, without the use of chemicals, in­ termediate gases, or precious water, none of which is indig­ enous to the Moon. Energy for electricity, heat, artificial Source:Joseph J. Mangan. sunlight, materials processing, scientific experimentation, and propulsion to more distant places, can be provided by The tetrahedral friune uses 35% less steel or other build­ fusion. ing material thana conventional structure , and the preformed But as we are developing the Moon, the real energy deficit sections give the dwellets on the Moon the flexibilityto create on Earth, as fossil and uranium supplies dwindle, will be­ different-shaped structures for various purposes. come more acute . Kulcinski pointed out that there is fu sion fuel sitting on the Moon, which could provide enough energy The key is fusion energy for tOe Earth for thousands of years . A provocative and exciting concept was presented at the Fusion, the combining of the' lightest elements into heav­ lunar-maglevconference by Gerald Kul�inski, director of the ier elements which is the process that fuelsthe stars , has been Fusion Technology Institute at the University of Wisconsin. under scientific investigation for about 30 years . Research

28 Science & Technology EIR January 9, 1987 TABLE 1 Comparison of Nuclear Energy Options

Fission Fusion

LWR Breeder DT DD DHr

Terrestrial world - 1 Oy s00-1000y s00-1 000y > 1 O,OOO,OOO,OOOy < 1y fuel resource ReI. biological 1000 1000 10-100 5-50 0.01-0.1 hazard potential Thermal conv. ' 33 � 35-45 35-50 50-70 efficiency, %

Dr. Gerald Kulcinski, director of the Fu­ sion Technology Instituteat the University Source: Clean Thermonuclear Power from the Moon, G.l. Kulcinski, J.F. Santarius, L.J. Wittenberg, . of Wisconsin . September 1986 has focused on combining two isotopes of hydrogen-deu­ At improved standards of living, and greater population, terium and tritium-to release energy; mostly in the form of the lunar supply could at least provide a one-century bridge highly energetic neutrons. Electricalenergy is produced, us­ to the "e�tremely large reserves" of 3He in the atmosphere of ing D-T fusion, through the same process that is used with Jupiter. fossil fuel and fission plants today. Kulcinski notes that 20 tons per year of 3He from the But on the Moon, where there is no water, using today's Moon, would provide the fuel for today's entire U.S. electri­ steam turbines with an overall efficiencyof 33% to prOduce cal utility industry. This 3He, if liquefied, could be brought power; will not be desirable. More advanced fusion fuels, back to Earth in one spaceship, the size of the Space Shuttle, such as deuterium combined with 3He, will produce nearly and the energy payback on returning 3He to the Earthis about all of its energy in charged particles, rather than neutrons. In 250 times more than would be invested. Mining only 1 % of this form , the energetic particles can be used directly to the Moon's surface could provide all of the Earth's energy produce electricity, without any moving turbines, or steam. needs for a century . Unlike the tritium isotope of hydro en, helium is not Between now and the tum of the century, when we could radioactive, and there will be no radioactive byproducts, or expect lunarmining to be providing the Moon and the Earth difficulties in handling the fusion fuel. Although the .condi­ . with 3He, Kulcinski explained that the decay of tritium from tions for producing fu sion using these more advanced fuels nuclear weapons production, nuclear fission byproducts, and aremore severe, recent progress in fusion experiments, ac­ the byproduct of natural gas production, could provide enough cording to Kulcinski, provide optimism in meeting the con­ advanced fusion fuel for the experiments and testing of deu­ ditions for using 3He . terium-3He fusion reactors, and operation of a commercial . The major reason that there have not been fu sion experi­ prototype reactor. ments using 3He until now , is that it is not a naturally occur­ His team at the University of Wisconsin is now investi­ ring isotope of helium on Earth, and there is so little of it, gating how experiments could be done, using existing de­ that "the lack of a long-range supply of 3He has limited vices, to demonstrate the production of fusion energy using ' serious consideration of this fuelcycle for the past 20 years," 3He. For the economic development of the Moon, and the according to Kulcinski (Table 1). like develop,ment of large sections of the Earth, producing Kulcinski and other scientists recently "began a search fusion energy with advanced fuels will open up a new era of for this isotope elsewhere in the Solar System." They found virtuallylimitl ess, high-quality energy. thatover billions of years , the solar wind has beendepositing In the two years between' the Lunar Bases meeting in 3He on the surface of the Moon. He estimated that there are Washington, D.C., in October 1984, and the lunar develop­ proba\>lyone million tons of 3He sitting on the lunar surface. ment conference in Atlantic City this past September, im­ According to Kulcinski, modest heating, at about 600 pressive progress has been made in the hands-on experimen­ degrees centigrade, would libera� most of the 3He from the tal research that will produce the technologies for industrial­ fine-grained particles on the Moon. The heat could be pro­ izing the Moon. vided initially from the 14-day-long lunar day. The total The new possibility that advanced fusion energy suited , energy content of the 3He on the Moon is estimated to be for orbital use, propulsion, and lunarbase requirements· can 19,000terrawatts per year. beready )Vhen we set out to permanently settletb'e rest of the This amount would satisfy approximately 1,900years of Solar System, means that mankind will start a genuinely new present world energy demand. era of the age of exploration, past the tum of the century.

EIR January 9, 1987 Science & Technology 29 TImFeature

The 'West can stop Russia's • opium war now by JeffreySteinberg

If19 86 began with the Reagan administration placing the war against the growing menace of narco-terrorism nearthe top of its strategic agenda, the year ended on a far more ambiguous note. While a series of impressively documented articles shedding the cloak of secrecy surrounding the Soviets' longtime role in the inter­ national drug trade appeared in recent weeks in prestigious publications in the United States and Western Europe, signs also began surfacing at year's end that a "Contra connection" to the lucrative Colombian cocaine trade will be a visible feature of the congressional and special prosecutor's probes of "Irangate ." OnDec. 31, New York DailyNews Washington, D.C. correspondent Joseph Volz broke the story that a House crime subcommittee is quietly investigating allegations that some Contra arms purchases were financed by the smuggling of tons of cocaine into the United States , cocaine provided by indicted Colombian dope kingpin Pablo Escobar Gaviria. Those charges, originally presented in a federal civil suit filedby the Washington, D.C.-based Christic Institute , have been under investigation by a Miami criminal grandjury and are apparently now t� be tak�n up by SpecialProsecutor Lawrence Walso as partof his probeinto Southern Air Transport, the airline which illegally shipped arms to the Contras. Curiously, the same Escobar stands accused, in a Miami federal indictment handed down in August, of shipping tons of cocaine into the United States in partnership with top officials of the Nicaraguan Sandinista government, including a former top aide to Interior Minister Tomas Borges. And, as EIR goes to press, President Reagan is returning toWashington after caucusing with his closest California and D.C. advisers at the western White House. Those New Year'smeetings are said to traditionally shape administration policy over the next 12-month period. Before the Presidentreturned to the nation's capital and tothe maelstrQm of Irangate, he probably decided the fate of White House Chief of Staff Don8.Id T. Regan. If Mr. Reagan ignores the the growing chorus offriends and trusted political allies demanding Regan's ouster and allows the former Merrill Lynch boss to stay on at the White House-even for a few months- 1987 may very well go down as the year in which the United States

30 Feature EIR January 9, 1987 fl1fEf(II1Lf5r NOW THE Y ACt{).5� fJS OF 1r G-G-IiE�5fO}./ IIA� P()LLlN& TH E STRIN6-S I)N f(£ACHEP VNHEAKJ) OF THE 'f)RII6' TI(AFFIC! LEVELS!

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t '.f 1 t:�J' . � j Jl4.1. .'1- /A' ·1 . furi Andropov denies Soviet drugrunning, in a 1983 political cartoon byItalian artist A..l � . J AJI J f Claudio Celani.

unconditionally surrendered to the international drug cartel arms dealers whoen joyed the protectionof the Kissingerians . . . by default. and dupes at the NSC, evidence that the Pentagon is giving From his defense of Wall Street's most corruptand pow­ new emphasis to thedoctrine oflow- intensitywarfare, means erfulinstitutio ns, t9his patronageof a crewat the Department thatthe United States is committed to developing and poten­ of Justice who earned their career stripes by whitewashing tially deploying a military force specially suited to an all-out the international dirty-money infrastructure, Don Regan has waron the narco-terrorist infrastructure. President Reagan's emerged as the personification of that wing of the Reagan March 1986 directive on narco-terrorism mandated an in­ establishment out to subvert the President's Campaign '86 creasedU.S. military role in the waron drugs. As one article commitmentto add teeth to the War on Drugs. inthis Feature will detail, the Bolivia "experiment" of last On the positive side of the equation, the ongoing clean­ yearhas now laid the basis for a sustained government crack­ out of the Israeli Mossad and Kissingerian elements based at down on the cocaine barons, even following the withdrawal the National Security Council, has the potential to paralyze of direct, visible U.S. military presence. those forces who have persistently subverted the War on In short, 1987 will determinewhether or not that directive Drugs. The very sameMossad-run networks which the NSC translates into a shooting war on a sufficiently large and reliedon to traffic arms to both the Iranians and the Contras integrated scale to achieve a military victory over Dope, Inc. have been at the center of the Caribbean-based arms-for­ drugs trade, as tl)e Irangate scandal threatens now to expose. The Russianconnection Far from taking sides in the Sandinista-Contra wars , these Among the most encouraging signs that some U.S. and corrupt Israeli intelligence networks linked to Ariel Sharon, European intelligence circles are committed to reviving the and their U.S. counterparts, have made fistfuls of money War on Drugs, are the recently published exposes of Mos­ profiteering off the arms-for-dope market that flourished as cow's role in the international drug trade. The cover story of Central America was transformed into a war zone trampled the Dec. 19, 1986 issue of theFrench weekly L'Express, an by mercenary armies. eight-page dossier by British researcher Brian Crozier, con­ In line with the current attack against the black-market tains previouslyunpublished details of the Soviet top-down

EIR January 9, 1987 Feature 31 rolein the drugtrade , dating back to the Korean War. gent 'designer drug' technology promises to endow it with According to Crozier, who collaboratedwith American further and truly explosive potential. Moreover, while the Soviet specialistDr. Joseph D. Douglass, Jr. , in the research search for solutions has focused on the societal causes and effort, by no later than the closing days of the Korean War, manifestations of the problem, as well as on the commercial the Soviets were conducting extensive studies of the impact routes of the international drugtraffi c, little appreciationhas of heroin and other drugs on American combat troops. Mao been given to drugs and narcotics as a form of chemical Zedong had floodedthe Koreanpeninsula with cheap, high­ warfare being waged against Western societies, with their grade heroina nd opium as a means of subverting themorale military forces as prioritytargets .... and fighting potentialof the United Nations troops,and Rus­ "Overwhelmingevidence [exists] of the Soviet Blocas a sian medical teams from the air force, the KGB , and the pivotal factor in the internationaldrug traffic-inparticular, ministry of health conducted an impact study, out of secret of the strong role of Cuban Intelligence (001), which has airbases in North Korea. been under direct KGB control since 1970, of Bulgaria as a By the time that Fidel Castro seized power in Cuba, major staging areafor thetraffic , of theparticipation of com­ Nikita Khrushchov.had personallydefined thedrug trade as munist parties in Latin America, and of the numerous pro­ a cornerstoneof Moscow's subversion of the West. Accord­ Soviet and Cuban-sponsored terrorist forces involved in the ing to a high-ranking Czech defector, Jan Sejna, by 1962, flow. In light of this clear record, the continuing failure or Khrushchov convened a secretmeeting of top officials from refusalto recognizethe trafficin drugsas a form of chemical all the Warsaw Pact countries plus Cuba, in which he spelled warfareis trulystartling ." out an ambitious programfor spreadingdrugs throughout the United States, Canada, France, and West Germany. Cuba The Westernside of the equation was defined as a critical beachhead for this effort, in which The Douglass article,in definingthe drugtraffic as a form theCzech and Bulgarian secretservices would play a central of chemical warfare against Western society, broached a role. One key component of the programwas to be the gath­ critical question. Crozier raisedthe issue even moreexplic­ ering of blackmail files on politicians, police, and business itly in his articlein L' Express: leaders-particularlyin Thero-America-todraw those peo­ "For a long time, we were not lacking evidence or ex­ ple into the running and protecting of the trade. By the mid- amples[of Soviet involvement in drugtraffi cking] . Whatwas 1960s, Moscow had targeted Colombia as a center of the lacking was a general overview. Now it is possibleto affirm Thero-Americandrug traffic into the United States. that there is a Soviet strategy in matters of drugs. . . . I am The high priorityand secrecysurrounding the Soviet drug not saying that the Soviet Union has a monopoly over the warfrom the time of the 1962 meeting, according to Crozier, drug issue nor that it dominates the market. Its part of the is underscored by the fact that Druzhba Narodov ("National benefit is relatively small. . . . The important point, how­ Friendship"-Khrushchov's code name for the dope-ped­ ever, is the deliberate and systematic use of the drug tradein dling effort) was runout of the Soviet Defense Council Sec­ order to underminethe Westerncountri es. " retariat, the highest-ranking warcouncil of the Soviet Union. . It is precisely this issue of the Soviet strategic interface The deputy director of the Administrative Organs Depart­ with an international drug trade that was created and is· still ment of the CPSU, Maj.-Gen. Nikolai Savinkin,was sent in controlledby Western-basedcircles-including powerful fi­ 1963 on a tour of all of the Warsaw Pact countries to assess nancial interests and renegade elements of the West's own the progress of Druzhba Narodov. He was placed in charge intelligence services-that begins to address the true char­ of the overall effort. In 1964, he became director of the acter of the international entity known as Dope, Inc. AdministrativeOrgans Department, a posthe retains today. Irangate, properly understood, has the unique potential In an article published in the fall 1986 issue of the U.S. of unearthing the full story of the East-West interface in the defense journalStrategic Review, Dr.Douglass identifiedthe $500 billion drug trade and its trillion-dollar weapons mar­ Soviet hand in the international drug trade as an integral ket. The c� of Havana resident Robert Vesco, Vesco's featureof the Warsaw Pact's use of biological and chemical involvement withGeneva bankerWillard Zucker, of theCFS warfare, as not only a featureof theirstrategic warplan , but ,investment group that handled the Iran arms-sale revenues, as a key component of their low-intensity warfare. In his is one pointof departure for congressional and specialpros­ article, "The Expanding Threatof Chemical-Biological War­ ecutor's investigators. When the dust finally settles on the fare: A Case of U.S. Tunnel Vision," Dr. Douglass stated: Irangate affair, the big losers could be the scions of the "There is one category of chemical weapons that has multitri1lion�ollarblack marketin arms-for -dope.If the So­ received increasing attention in the United States: namely, viet role is not suppressed, in the interestof protecting Mos­ thedrug and narcotics dimension. Indeed, the 'crusadeagainst cOw's corruptpartners in theWest, thebasis may at long last drugs' declared by PresidentReagan has raisedthe problem be laid for a real War on Drugs-in which no one enjoys into a national priority. Still, the epidemic magnitudeof this immunity and in which the executives ofDope, Inc. areput problem is outpacing all efforts to combat it, and the emer- behind bars.

32 Feature EIR January 9, 1987 The 'Sovietconnection ': Heroin from Mghanistan reaches the We st fromInvestigative Leads

OnMay 27, 1986, in the Dutch portof Rotterdam, the Soviet to come forward with whatever information it had about cargo ship Kapitan Tomson, coming from the Soviet Baltic Soviet involvement in drug trafficking in theNether lands, as port of Riga, steered for its berth at the Unitcenter dock in well as in other Western European countries. the Waalhaven section of the harbor. But no international inquiry has been called. And few The ship had made this journey many times, attracting journalists have deemed the incident a.subject worthy of little notice , except from the merchants and businessmen "investigative journalism." The Dutch police have told the awaiting their freight. But this time, the Narcotics Squad of press that they have no Soviet citizens under investigation, Rotterdam's harborpolice anxiously awaitedits arrival . Two nor do they suspect any Soviet involvement in the heroin containers the stevedores would remove hadpapers showing shipment, claiming the shipping containers had been sealed that they contained raisins. But among their contents , the in Mghanistan by the smugglers without the knowledge of police"fo und at least 220 kilos of heroin that had come from Soviet authorities. Soviet-occupied Mghanistan. Why this conspiracy of silence? Why the need to deny That hero�n was the largest seizure in the history of Eu­ even the hint of Soviet participation, when there is enough ropean anti-narcotics work. From Mghanistan, the heroin information to trace the Kap itan Tomson directly to Soviet had traveled through the Soviet Union to the Baltic port of secret intelligence services. Riga, where it was placed aboard theKapitan Tomson. On May 30, the ship's-crew was arrested for heroin ckingtraffi . GoldenCrescent to Red Square The Soviet origin of the ship was never mentioned in the The story begins in the sparselypopulated mountains of Dutch-orany other-press. Mghanistan, a region thatfo rms, togetherwith its neighbors The hardest evidence yet of Soviet involvement in nar­ Pakistan and Iran, the so-called Golden Crescent, the source cotics trade did not cOme to light for over two months. The of hundreds of kilos of heroin that end up in Western Europe story did not come out until a Germanmagazfue , Krieg dem andthe United States.

Rauschgift (War on Drugs) , stirred up ahornet's nest in the The Soviet Union has 125,000 troops in Mghanistan, Netherlands, while following up a report issued by Italian who have been conducting a Vietnam-style war of attrition High Commissoner · for Investigating the Mafia, Riccardo against stubborn mountain tribesmen. It is reported byinves­ Boccia, on the Soviet connection to thisdrug seizure. tigativejournalists- that these sametribes resistingthe Soviets The story was then picked up by the Amsterdam De are responsible for opium trafficked into Pakistan, where it Telegraph, the largest-circulatian daily in the Netherlands , is refined into heroin or morphine base andshipped out via Aug. 18. Theappearance of this stery then prompted Dutch Karachi, or via a complex overland route through Iran and Christian Democratic parliamentarians Hans Gualtherie van Turkey, then to Bulgaria into Italy, or futoNorthern Europe Weezel and Dr. van den Bergh to submit a series of parlia­ on Bulgarian TIR trucks. Arms and ammunition travel the m�ntary interrogatives, demanding to know why information same route, in reverse . was withheld fromthe public, and callirigfor the government Yet the maps of the hills and valleys of the opium-grow-

EIR January 9, 1987 Feature 33 ing regions along the Hilmend and Kuna rivers , show that port of Latakia, to Beirut and the Turkish ports of Mersin, the areas are deep inside the lines of the Soviet mechanized Iskenderun, as well as the Cypriot port of Limassol . The rifledivisio ns, and, in some cases, the areas border the Soviet route corresponds with one of the most notorious guns-for­ Union itself. drugs routes known by security experts . According to a Dutch journalist who recently returned Did this, the largest heroin shipment ever seized in Eu­ from Afghanistan, poppy production in the province of Man­ rope, travel nearly 5,000 kilometers through the heart of ghaharhas increased from 4,200 kilos to 17,500kil os. And, Mother Russia, unbeknownst to Soviet authorities? according to a repor tin the French daily Le Figaro, these We have no fingerprints to proveofficial Soviet involve­ regions are not far frompoppy-growing regions in the Soviet ment, since no Western drug-enforcement agency has a liai­ Union. The same report indentifiesthe Soviet Central Asian son with Soviet authorities, but we do possess a motive for republicsof Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and Tadzhikstan, as Soviet involvement-the destabilization of the "decadent well as further west in the Transcaucasian republic of Geor­ West," as commentator Peter Gillies of the conservative West gia, as the two major Soviet domestic poppy-growing re- German newspaper Die Welt wrote in August 1986: gions. Free nations have become accustomed to a lot in Golden Crescent heroin is "trafficked to the major inter­ the way of East bloc "exports": Spies, disinformation , national cities by criminal organizations that are neither Af­ terrorism, peace movements , and weapons are "ex­ ghani nor Pakistani. In many cases, as many as two or three ported" . . . . In South America, communist terrorists different organizations are reponsible for securing shipments work together with drug dealers .... At the same as large as the Rotterdam haul. time, pro-detente politicians in the West are anxiously Theshipment could pass throughas many as 10 countries. trying to prevent anyone from getting the impression This drug traffic is intimately tied into the illegal arms trade, that a destabilization led by a dictatorship is under terrorism, and other types of smuggling. In this traffic, a way. . . . It will be interesting to see how Soviet crime organization does not send a buyer to Afghanistan or authorities try to justify their smuggled heroin wares. Pakistan to buy heroin. According to sources in an interna­ Is state terrorism, which has left so many tracks in tional anti-narcotics agency, they "put in an order," appar­ blood, to take on a new dimension?" ently withan intermediary organization. These same sources claim that this crucialintermediary link has yet to be discov­ ered. Italy breaks the story The Rotterdampolice who have investigated the Kapitan Riccardo Boccia, Italian High Commissioner for Inves­ Tomson case claim they have no knowledge of how the heroin tigating the Mafia, was the first to publicly reveal Soviet was transferred from the isolated mountain-based laborato­ involvement in theRotterdam case when , in earlyJuly 1986, ries to Kabul, where it was put into shipping containers with he released a report before a joint U. S. -Italian anti-terrorand 30 tons ofra isins. But, a review of the route of the Kapitan anti-narcotics commission that included U. S. Attorney Gen­ Tomson shows that the Dutch heroin smugglers managed to eral Edwin Meese. ' make a direct connection, and to ship "express" through the Boccia made a very clear case for Soviet involvement, Soviet Union, via a "normal" state-directed trade route . revealing not only that "for the first time, we have proof that Unlike the normal cOmnlercial shipping route, through drug traffickersof Soviet citizenship" were involved, but also Karachi or overland through Iran , Syria, or Turkey (which the existence of a top-secret KGB directive "M·1 20/00-050," could become very complicated and dangerous, for a cargo outlining Soviet plans to use the drug trade to destabilize the worth nearly $20 million), this route is exceedingly simple. West. A copy of this directive, plus 399 other Soviet KGB­ Everything is handled by Soviet state transport companies, related documents, was handed over to Westernintelligence since no foreigntransport companies are allowed to operate services on Feb. 10, 1971, by a former high-ranking officer inside the Soviet Union. Moreover, within Afghanistan, all of the Bulgarian Secret Services, codenamed Stefan Svedlev, commercial shipments by rail or truck are guarded by the after he escaped from Bulgaria in 1971. Soviet Army, or if airfr eighted, flownon military aircraft. Commissioner Boccia explained that the Soviet drug war Statements by shipping agents contacted in Rotterdam startedin 1967 , the year Yuri Andropovtook over the KGB , conflictwith the claim of the "normalcy of this route." Rath­ at a meeting in Moscow of theWarsaw Pact Security Service er, it is said that freight transshipped through the Soviet chiefs, whose purpose was to develop plans to "exploit and Union from Afghanistan, must pass,through Leningrad, where hasten the inherent corruption of Western society." it is put onto cargoships and directlyexpedited to Rotterdam. A subsequent meeting of Bulgarian Secret Service offi­ And, according to Lloyds Ship Information, the Kapitan craIs in Sofia, Bulgaria established a three-year"action plan" Tomson had only recently been on a route that took it from to implement the "exploitation." Defector "Svedlev" said theEuropean ports of Riga , London,Rotterdam, and Aarhus, that Directive M-1 20/00-050 was issued in June 1970, in northern Denmark, to the Greek port of Piraeus, the Syrian assessing the progress of the plan to "destabilize Western

34 Feature EIR January 9, 1987 society through ...the narcotics trade ." I inflot. Also involved are the Latvian Steamship Co. of Riga, Boccia's report again fingered Bulgaria as "a big open the Baltic Steamship Co. of Leningrad, the Murmansk door for the narcotics traffic." Bulgaria, one of the Soviets' SteamshipCo. of Murmansk, and the commercial empire of most obedient satrapies, implicated in the assassination at­ Pierre Stoop of Antwerp. tempt on Pope John Paul II in May 1981, is acknowledged Transworld Marine manages an empire, particularly by V.S. agencies as a key to the dope-for-armsbusines s. � within the port ofAntwerp , whose most vital roleis to supply . According to a report from the V. S. Drug Enforcement all the needs of Soviet ships entering Benelux ports . This is Administration (DEA), tJ{e Bulgarian government's expoq­ no minor task since, each year, nearly 1,300 Soviet ships import agency Kintex, founded in 1968, is the KGB-direct�d enter the portof Antwerpand the same number enter the port "umbrella organization which orchestrates the trafficking of of Rotterdam. The Soviets are the third most important user narcoticsand weapons contrabandthrough Bulgaria." Kintex of these ports in tonnage, as- well as number of ships. was involved in the big Stipam arms-for-drugs bust in Milan Transworld Marine also appears to service the needs of on Nov. 23, 1982. The Stipam case provided a map of the Soviet intelligence, since at least. three employees of Tran­ intersection of anarchistlleftist and neo-Nazi terrorism, Ira­ sworld Marine and other Soviet companies in Belgium were nian gun-running, and drug trafficinto Western Europe. expelled for espionage in the 1970s. The key man in Soviet-Benelux business relations is Pierre Russia's Kintex? Stoop. In addition to representing shipping interests, he was A key link in the chain of the Rotterdam case is Tran­ president of the First Class Soccer team of Braschaat-Ant­ sworldMarine Agency Company, the Benelux shipping agent werp, sponsored by the Soviet-Belgian oil company Nafta. ' o(the Kapitan Tomson and agent responsiple for moving the The Stoop family was crucialin putting together a "closed two containers from Afghanistan to Rotterdam. Transworld circuit" of companies thatgives the Soviets in4ependent con­ M3rlnelinks Soviet state shipping companies to leading trade trol of all aspects of their shipping. With officeson ltalielei, interests in Antwerp, Rotterdam, and Amsterdam, Europe's where many of the leading harbor companies are headquar­ most cqsmopolitan and wealthiest ports. . tered, Pierre Stoop and family have created; in addition to The workings of this company will reveal the other mo­ Transworld Marine, the following nexus of Soviet entities: tivation for the drug trafficking: the prospect of wealth and , Allied Stevedores, storage and stevedoring, one of the the powerthat such wealth provides. largest in Antwerp; Belgium Bunkering and Stevedoring, Transworld Marine was founded in 1969 as a joint ven­ which fuels all Soviet ships; Nafta NV, the Soviet oil com­ ture between two of the Soviets' most important freight­ pany; Teveco NV, trucking and container repair; Sobelmar­ shipping companies, the Moscow-based Sovfrach and Sov- ine, a ship-chartering agency.

Op ium fromAfg hanistan (shown here) makes its way to the cities of the West, likelhe port of Rotterdam,where a Soviet ship was recently seized, carrying220 kilos of heroin-the largestbust in the history of European anti-drug efforts.

EIR January 9, 1987 Feature 35 These firms are linked to: Dope, Inc. in Ibero-America Ferchimx NV, the sole distributor of Soviet chemical products; Elorg-Belgie, the Soviet electronic distributor, wh9SC former director, Vladimir Khlystov, was expelled from Belgium in 1976 for allegedspying. TheSoviet-linked diamond company, Russelmaz, is also based in Antwerp, the heart of the international diamond market,where the commodityoften is used to pay offagents. These Stoop-Soviet companies are primarily linked to Banque Bruxelles Lambert, as well as to' Banque Paribas, Narcotics mob gains two of the leading banks that representmany of the oligarch­ ical interests that form thecore of "Dope, Inc." in Europe. in Central America According to a former member of the Soviet trade office in Brussels , who defected in 1971, Anatole Tsjebotarlev, by Gretchen Small there were no less than 33 Soviet KGB or GRU agents oper­ ating out of various Soviet missions and related corporations based in Belgium-headquarters for NATO, SHAPE,' and "CocaineSinks Its Claws In the Country"warned La Na don, theEuropean Community. theleading newspaper of San Jose, CostaRic a, on Nov. 23, In addition to the expulsion of Khlystov in 1976, one 1986. The article opt;ned a IS-part series on Costa Rica's Kroegliakov, a functionary of Transworld Marine, was ex­ drug connection, reporting the results of tlu'ee months of pelled and dec1:aredpersona non grata. In 1973, KGB agent investigation. La Nacion's message is stark: The narcotics Sjemetov was arrested in front of TransworldMarine offices mob threatens to seize control of Costa Rica's economy and on theSchoonbekeplien, near Falconplein-the latterknown political system. as "Red Square," because of all the Russian shops located ' LaNacion' s series attacksany illusions thatthe narcotics there. empire is a secondary security threat in the Western Hemi­ In 1976, it is reportedthat TransworldMarine transferred sphere, limited primarily tothe Andean nations and the Car­ 40 million Belgian francs to the Soviet shipping agent in ibbean.La Nadon makes some mistakes inits analysis of the Usbon, Uouty, as payment to the Portuguese Communist drugtrade in the area, but the scope of the narcotics probl� Party. According to Dutch security sources, the density of in Costa Rica that the paper presents must set alarm bells Soviet espionage operations in Belgium led the Dutch gov­ ringing in Washington. While the United States has bung its ernment to try to curtail the expansion of Soviet commercial Central American policy on Nicaragua's Cm'ltras, the drug action in Rotterdam and Antwerp. But Transworld Marine trade-in whicb both the Sandinistas andContras ate prom­ was able to open in Rotterdam, due to heavy pressure from inent participants-basbeen taking over Nicaragua's neigh­ theharbor companies eager to share in the profits. bors from within. Costa Rica is not alone; ,similar threa�.are Transworld Marine is now in the process of buying its felt in Guatemala, Honduras, andEl Salvador. oWn dockfacility in Rotterdam,which would, in effect,give The case of Honduras is particularly sbocking. One of them"free port" status . Ships would not besubject,to customs the Western bemispbere's top cocaine czars, Juan Ram6n checks if thestated cargowas not being unloaded in Holland. Matta Ballesteros, was freed from a Honduran jail on Nov. Thus,espionage is carriedout througha networkof com­ 28, 1986. He now brags that be can control the Honduran mercialoperations in whichshipping companies providecov­ economy and pay off the country's debt. No agency of the er for transferring funds and agents can depend on logistical U.S. governmentbas yet commentedon the matter, let alone support. Through the diamond trade (in which the Soviets, demanded action against Matta Ballesteros, eventhough U.S. as the only producers besides South'Africa, are key), pay­ agencies identifiedhim as the intellectual author of the19 85 ments are madeto spies. assassination of U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration of­ It is also from this base in Antwerpand Rotterdam (not ficialEnrique Camarena. coincidentally, NATO's most important ports of entry for Silence on the Honduran connection smacks of cover-up. military equipment), that theSoviets coordinate their efforts The State Department's Bureau of International Narcotics to monopolize international shipping-driving Western Matters did not even mention Honduras in its 1986 Midyear. companies bankrupt by undercutting prices. Repol1. In the classic style that began in the, 1920s, with Cheka ,In the case of Guatemala, that nation's military leaders chief Felix Dzerzbinsky's "Trust B'� operation,these Soviet , have been warning ,Reagan administration officials since 1985 maneuvers are atthe same timemaking many Western "cap­ that Cuban-backed terrorists and the narcotics lJUlfia have italists" very rich,while forming an excellent logistical base joinect forces in their country. Despite repeated requests for for international drugtraffi cking. U. S. technological and material assistance to defeat the nar-

36 Feature EIR January 9, 1987 [bero-America has become a sp ringboard fo r the international drug traffickers to attack the United States. The photo shows a peasant woman gathering coca leaves. from which cocaine is made.

co-terroristthreat, Guatemala has received only promises of wish to 'launder' enormous quantities of money," says La support. Guatemala is now called the "golden bridge" for Nacion. drug transshipment, because "a great quantity of South Every other aspect of the drug trade has grown also. American cocaine is transported to Mexico and the United Cocainechiefs ' fromthe region meet regularly there , so freely State�' . through Guatemala, the country's interior minister, that certain top Colombian drug gangsters use Costa Rica as Juan Jose Rodil Peralta, warnedin October 1986. their "personal office," Col. Luis Barrantes, head of the nar­ cotics division of P4blic Security, told La Nacion. The word . The Costa Rican picture out in police circles is that Colombia's Pablo Escobar Gaviria "Costa Rican territory, facilities, inhabitants, cities, and trayels frequently to Costa Rica, to meet with the heads of citizens, served as a stopover point for resupply and protec­ Costa Rican, Mexican, or U.S. drug gangs. "Their meeting tion of pilot, plane, and shipment" of drugs thousands of, places are the principal hotels of San Jose," Colonel Bar­ . times, La Nacion reports , while Costa Rica served as the rantes stated . "principal axis" for the planning and execution of hundreds Drugs and traffickers have been captured frequently in of other drugoperat ions. police raids on airstrips near the border with Nicaragua, in Fifteen metric tons of cocaine pass through Cqsta Rica the province of Guanacaste, but still most strips remain un­ each year, authoritiesnow estimate: The value of that cocaine patrolled. On Sept. 20, 1986, a cocaine processing laboratory in the U.S. market equals 78% of Costa Rica's total export was seized by the Judicial Investigatory Body (OU), expos­ earnings in 1985, La Nacion calculates, representing an in­ ing mafia plans to "upgrade" their Costa Rican operations come of $768 million "for distinct and sometimes coordinat­ significantly. ed groups of international delinquents, some of- whom have With the drug trade has come the "underground, a cruel their agents very well installed in our country." Those cal­ and unscrupulou� world of assassinations, kidnappings, ter­ culations are conservative, La Nacion notes, adding, "a min­ rorism,bribery ," La Nacion reports , as well as such parallel imum, but growing, part [of the cocaine] remains here." organizedcrime operations as counterfeiting dollarsand trav­ Costa Rica has often been called the "Switzerland" of elers' checks, and a thri�ing stolen car business. Many of Central America. Now, Costa Rican authorities estimate that these "fraudulent operations" are carried out by "foreign their nation has become the third-largest drug money-laun­ businessmen, who upon arriving in our country already hold dering center in Central and South America, following Pan­ an extensive criminal record in their country of origin," La ama and Colombia. Costa Rican anti-drug officialscomplain Nacion states, warning against the influx of well-kno�n that "big capital freely enters and leaves this nation without criminals who parade as "investors" and "businessmen." major problems, serving as a silver platter for criminals who "This is a summary of what is barely a small chapter of

EIR January 9, 1987 Feature 31 theextensive andgrowing history of the multimillioncocaine Another of Vesco's friends is a foreigner "who owns a pretty traffic, which uses Costa Rica as an easy bridge, a stage in hacienda in the Valle Central, where businessmen and poli­ its processing, en route to reach its objective: the streets of ticians can practice shooting with weapons of any caliber, the United States' pOpulous cities." The paperadds a further and even watch television on a gigantic screenw,hich covers warning: "All this criminal and illegal structure represents a good part of a comfortable room." This man, La Nacion sufficient power to corrupt authorities and politicians ... says, also runsan international drug ring. and finance terrorist groups and revolutionaries of' all Costa Rica's OU "is convinced that Vesco has clandes­ stripes. . .These bands and their activities stronglythreat­ tinely entered Costa Rica to hold secret meetings with drug­ en to pull in, degrade, and even manage the Costa Rican traffickersbased in Costa Rica," LaNacion reports. National authorities know of at least three times in which Vesco has flown by helicopter from his base in Nicaragua, located in the province of Chontales, to Cacho Negro, .Costa Rica, to hold those meetings. La Nacion s series attacks any La Nacion did not review Vesco's long-standing ties to illusions that the narcotics empire Costa Rica, but they are well known. In 1972, when Vesco firstfled prosecution, he established his new headquar­ is a secondary security threat in U.S. ters in Costa Rica, where he was warmly welcomed by the the Western Hemisphere. La Nacion country's then-President, Jose "Pepe" Figueres. For Fi­ makes some mistake.s in its gueres, Vesco was the kind of "investor" the country needed. a letter to PresidentNixon dated July Figueres analysis qfthe drug trade, but the In 22, 1972, argued, "Mr. RobertVesco has been visiting Costa Rica with scope qfthe probl em in Costa Rica a view to helping us establish some new instruments of fi­ that the paperpr esents must set nance and economic development. I am impressed by his ideas, his group of business leaders, and the magnitude of alarm bells ringing in Was hington. the anticipated investments. He may provide the ingredient that has been lacking in our plans to create, in the middle of the Western Hemisphere, a showpiece of democratic devel­ opment." political and economic system. Their tentacles have reached Vesco attempted to set up an international free zone in . a pointnever beforeseen in our country. " Costa Rica, where casinos, tourism, and banking could op­ erate outside the nation's laws. Despite PresidentFigue res's

vesCo visits . • • supportfor the plan, the free-zone scheme was shot down as . Perhapsthe most explosive article in LaNacion' s series, an attempt by ''the international mafia" to take over Costa wasthat published Nov. 30, exposingRobert Vesco 's Costa Rica. Rican connection. Vesco, the fugitive American financier who is the leading business partner of Colombian cocaine .. . . whlle Tambs must leave king Carlos Lehder, runs a drug and financial empire from On Nov. 28, La Nacion reported that Robert Vesco's Havana, Cuba, where he now lives under the personal pro­ business partnersin theColombian mafia had quadrupled the tection of Fidel Castro. (Castro calls Vesco a persecuted bounty offered forthe head of the U.S. ambassador to Costa "familyman." ) "Localand foreign authorities are convinced Rica, Lewis Tambs. Tambs, one of the toughest U.S. anti­ thatthe corpulentAmerican uses national territory to cover drug officialsposted to lbero-America, has been high on the partof a shady drug-trafficking organization which operates drug mafia hit list since his previous assignment as ambas­ fromhere at his service. In this group arefound hired assas­ sador to Colombia, where he built up close anti-narcotics sins, thefinancie r's new lieutenant, and even some local ex­ cooperationbetween the UnitedStates andColombia. Tambs public officials," says LaNaci on. was forced out of Colombia by mafiadeath threats, but con­ BeforeCuba, Vesco lived in Nicaragua's most expensive tinued his work in Costa Rica. Inspring 1986, news agencies hotel in Managua, under the protection of the Sandinista reported that the Colombian cocaine mobsters had placed a comandantes. But, as LaNacion notes, Vesco was firstintro­ $1 million contractout for Tambs's assassination, andthat a duced to his Sandinista hosts by '�some of his best Costa group of Contrasoperating in CostaRica was tryingto make Ricanfriends ." the hit. In late November, according to LaNacion' s sources La Nacion mentions no names, but provides enticing at 1he U.S. embassy in San 'Jose, the mob increased that descriptions. Vesco's new lieutenant in the drug business is bounty to$4 million. Tambs's security was doubled. a Costa Rican of U.S. origin, with a CostaRican wife, who On Dec. 1 , Ambassador Tambs sent President Reagan is wantedin the United States on at least two criminalcounts . his resignation, andreturned to the United States.

38 Feature EIR January 9, 1987 Brazil constitutes a special problem, since its vast Ama­ zon territory has become a haven for drug traffickers , who clearly have powerful political protection. Garcia and Man­ tilla understand that so long as Brazil keeps its "hands-off' policy, no amount of effortand sacrifice by Peru, Colombia, and Bolivia could succeed. on Dec. 6, the Peruvianministry interior offic� in charge of narcotics control, Rene Flores Agreda, annoUnced that the Brazilian authorities had agreed to provide Peru with boats Peru takes the lead and other logistical supportfor patrolling the numerous Am­ azon tributories which flow from Peru into Brazil . in the war on drugs Flores also announced . that the Civil Guard, which had beenentirely dependentupon whatever aircraftcould be spared by the Air Force at a given moment, now had its own fleet of by Dro Ricardo Fo Martin 16 sl,llall planes which could reused to transport troops and for patrols. The planes had been confiscated from drug traf­ Dr. Martin is an expert on drugs rmd terrorism from the fickers . Little can be done without aircraft in a jungle which Centro deInvestigaciones EconOmicas in Mexico City. is not only covered by thick vegetation, but is filled with cliffs and pits. During the past year, Mantilla has, by hook Peru has not yet won the . war against narcotics traffic, as orby crook, gained some of the transport capability required shoWD .by the fact that an anny of 150 narco-terrorists was to tumsporadic forays into the jungle into permanent patrol able to assault a POlice anti-drug unit on Dec . 29, 1986. But and control operations. the Peruvian case offers an example-of how to run a military war on drugs, how to maximize scarce resources, and, es­ Sovereignty replaces law of the jungle pecially, what can be accomplished when there is a political Garcia and Mantilla are imposing law and order on the will to win. Peru led the way to joint anti-drug actions with Peruvian jungle. The corruption and complicity of the pre­ Colombia, and is now prodding Ecuador and Brazil to cease vious governments of Francisco Morales Bermudez and Fer­ providing safe-houses for the traffickers who find it difficult nando Belaunde hadabandoned thoseregions to the narcotics to operate in Peru, Colombia, and Bolivia. traffickers . Now, Operation Condorhas hit the jungle baro­ PresidentAlan Garcia beganOp eration Corpior, his war nies of "entrepreneurs" such as Richard Gamboa and Catali­ on the drug traffickers, only days after his inauguration on no Escalante, who have built armies of hired killers toprotect July 28, 1985. The . first Op eration Condor wiped out the themselves and their installations.

Caballococha nest of cocaine-refining laboratories near the On Dec . 29, one hundred and fifty men anned with au­ Amazon point where Peru meets Colombia and Brazil. One tomatic weapons and explosives surrounded the camp of a carefully planned and effectively executed Condoroperation 31-member police patrol near Uchiza, in the Huallaga Val­ has succeeded another. Operation Condor V was launched ley. After a two-hour battle, the narco-terrorists were seen on Dec . 1, 1986, as a surprise attack. It ended in mid-Decem­ carrying away three bodies. One policeman died; two were ber 1986, with the combined forces of the Air Force and the injured. The single helicopter available to the police ferried Civil Guard having swept the coca leaf-growing zones of the in reinforcements, who fanned through the jungle and cap­ central Huallaga valley. They destroyed five clandestine lab­ turedseven suspects. oratories, including 44 coca leaf maceration pits and one The savage Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso) terrorists clandestine airport. Theycaptured a ton of recently produced runparallel and combined operafions withthe narco-traffick- . basic cocaine paste. ers' mercenaryarmies. Not far from.Uchiza, Peruviandetec­ tives on Oct. 31, 1986 foUnd a narco-terrorist base and cap­ Regional cooperation tured 10 Shining Path terrorists, including the terroristgang 's Deputy Interior Minister Agustin Mantilla the next day jungle regionchie�David Rosemberg. They alsofound loads announced that, startingin 1987, joint operations with neigh­ of propaganda, machine guns, vehicles, and a notebook with boring countries to erradicate narcotics traffic in the border data on Shining Path's activities and those of its intended . zones would be systematized. "We have begun a historic victims . processof strugglewith Colombia and.with EcUador, a coun­ The next phase of President Garcia's waron drugs must try which does not have any experience, but is now in �­ be to strip away the financial backing of the drug trade . ing," he said. "We hopeduring the coming yearto be able to Rumors are alreadY 'circulating in Lima°that precisely such unite with Brazil and Colombia and to undertakejoint oper­ investigations into the financial. arena arenow being consid- ations; the agreements have already been signed." ered.

ElK January 9, 1987 Feature 39 On Dec . 30, President Barco ordered combined police­ military raids on various parts of Bogota and surrounding cities in search of drugcrimina ls, using "stateof siege" pow­ ers to arrest 118 individuals without recourse to prior court Colombia counters orders. The identities of those arrested have not yet been released. Now the raidsare expectedto expand to otherparts narco-blackmail of the country as · well. In addition, arrest warrants were issued for 128 individuals, based on a list of known and suspected drug traffickers prepared by the defense ministry by Val erieRush for use by the presidency and cabinet ministers. The raids are the first major anti-drug effort undertaken On Dec. 17, 1986, mafiahitmen assassinated Guillenno Cano by the Barco government since it assumed office in August, Isaza, one of Colombia's most highly respected newspaper and promise to go a long way towardremoral izing a popula­ publishers, in response to President Virgilio Barco's rein­ tion terrorized by the near-daily accounts of mafia revenge statement of the challenged U.S.-Colombia Extradition slayings that have been directed at the most respected mem­ Treaty. The effort to intimidatethe Barco governmentfai led, bers of Colombia's national institutions-particularly those however, andthe government's answerwas todec ree aseries involved in the judiciary, law-enforcement, journalism, and of emergency measureswhich put thewar on narco-terrorism politics. under top-down control of the military. Foremost amongthe measures announced is the transfer A strategyfor success of drug-traffickingcases to thejuri sdiction of military courts, Thetask immediatelyfac ing PresidentBarco is toexpand including those cases initiated by civilian authorities. This the war on drugs into the areas defined by martyred Justice measure not only relieves some of the burden that has been Minister Rodrigo Lara Bonilla, who fell to mafia bullets in

placed on civil justice in confrontingthe powerful "Medellin April 1984 . Thoseareas are the political and financial worlds Cartel"of drug traffickers, but also challenges the militaryto which run the drug trade from the top. The sentiment was

take on a much more active role in the war against the drug best expressed by a Dec . 23, 1986 editorial in the daily El trade . Espectador, whose editors have committed themselves to The government has also created a witness protection continuing the war against drugs in which the newspaper's program, offering not only fundsbut also a change of home, owner-director, Guillermo Cano, fell. In that editorial, El employment, and identityto those willing to inform against Espectador urged adoption of the methodology outlined in fugitive drug traffickers. Theprotection extends to families thebestseller Dope, Inc., the New Opium War, published by of informants as well. The programoffers to thoseon trial or the editors ofEIR : serving time in jail a reduction in sentence of between one­ "One must also fully look into existing correlations be­ third and one-half, in exchange for information on wanted tween narcotics traffic and politic� [and] to what degree are drug criminals. intertwined . . . theeconomic relationshipswhich have been Other measures range from prohibitionof the sale of the established during electoral periods andbeyond. . . ..The high-speed motorcycles favored by mafia assassins, to the names are on everyone's lips; the connivance can be deter­ limiting of weapons' licenses to three years (previously li­ mined even in the past. . . . Itis absolutelyessential to work: censes were unlimited), with severe penalties for violations from the standpoint of certain foreigners who presumably of these and similardecrees . have objective knowledge of the case, who pointto possible On Dec. 31, the government ordered a new series of connivance between narcoticstraffic and international agen­ .measures. Operating licenses for airlines or individual air­ cies of politicalsubversion which . . . was already noticeable craft suspected of involvement with the drug trade were or­ in theepoch of the so-called Opium War.... " dered immediately suspended, andalso thebusiness licenses El Espectador's challenge to the Barco government is of tradingor pharmaceutical companies involvedin the ille­ also a challenge to the continent as a whole. Venezuelan gal trafficking of chemicals used by the drug mafia. Justice Minister Jose Manzo GonzaIez recognizedthe broad­ The herbicide eradication program that had been em­ er implications of the "drama of Colombia," when he de­ ployed to greateff ect against Colombia's once vast marij uana scribed the Cano murder as "an alert for our country and for cropsunder the predecessorBetancur government was indef­ the democratic consciousness of our continent." The Argen­ initely suspendedin thefall of 1986, when the Barco govern­ tine magazine Semana wrote similarly on Dec. 23: "Colom­ ment's anti-narcotics council su�umbed to pressure from bia is living its most dramatic , its bloodiest moments .... pro-drug environmtntalists ... The Coun<;.il of Ministers has The power of drugs has declared war on life in Colombia. just remstated the sprayingprogram, while giving oversight The destiny of a nation is at stake. And, perhaps, also of a of the eradication effort to the national policefor ce. continent. "

40 Feature EIR January 9, 1987 economy, under siege from the drug trade , and to provide a means for crop substitution and peasantrelocation as neces­ sary.

Bolivia takes up Crackdown begins Immediately following the withdrawal of U.S. troops, �e anti-drug war thepaz government ordered the creation of a 1 ,200-mananti­ drug force, to be based in the key cocaine-producing centers of the country. Simultaneously, a purge of the anti-narcotics by ValerieRush police force was ordered, with thefiring of a scoreof officials for "links to the drug trade" and "official immorality." On When the bulk of U.S. troops and military equipment were Nov. 22, thegovernment ordered the occupation of all private withdrawnfrom Bolivia in November 1986, the big question airports in the Santa Cruz and El Beni departments , after the was whetherthe paz Estenssoro government could continue owners of some 440 identified small aircraft had refused to the anti-drug battle on its own. Bolivia's actions since that reregisterthe planes. Anof ficialinventory is now beingcon­ timehave confirmedthe government 's awareness thatits war ducted as a step toward confiscation of all those operating against drugsis a battlefor sovereignty. illegally. However, the government is applying draconian austeri­ The firstimportant raids since "Operation Blast Furnace" ty, which creates widespread unemployment and a vacuum were conducted in December in the coca-producing bastion of productive activity from which drug traffickers benefit. If of Chapare-Chimore. Joint military-police forces used four Bolivia does not break with International Monetary Fund of the helicopter gunships donated by the United States to policies and does not receive necessary foreign support, it smash several cocaine laboratories and a score of large ma­ will lose the waron drugs. ceration pits , while extensive on-the-ground search and de­ An ambitiousthree-year plan for total eradication of illicit tainprocedures wereeffected. drugcultivation and trafficking in Bolivia has beenproposed On Dec. 24, the flight from Santa Cruzjail of an impor­ by the government. The will is there, but the paz govern­ tant drug trafficker was met with the harshest response yet ment's worldwide peregrinations in search of the funds and from the government. Thirty policemen were arrested on logistical backup it so desperately needs, have only been personal orders of President Paz, and the police chief, the marginallysuccessful. attorney general, and headthe of the narcotics office of Santa "Operation Blast Furnace," as the joint Bolivian-U.S. Cruz were forced to resign. anti-drugcampaign was called, succeeded in creatinga major The otherhalf of thebattle is still in the planning stages, disruption of the cocaine "pipeline," by shutting down labo� however. As Bolivian Ambassadorto the United States Fer­ ratories and the flow ofindustrial chemical inputs required nando llianes told EIR in a July 1986 interview: "Drug traf­ for processing the cocaleaf, through which Bolivia supplies ficking today exportsmore than tin, more than oil, more than halfof the world cocaine market. Although most of the big agriculturalprodu cts, timber, etc. Thereis no reason for it to andmedium-sized traffickers managed to escape, the damage have grown so much, but rather the decline of the traditional to the production process itself was reflected in a collapse of and legal exports owing to the fall of prices of our raw ma­ cocaleaf prices to below the production cost. terials in the international market. . . . I fear that if we do As a Bolivian government document submitted to the not do something fast, we could easily see that the drug Reagan administration onAug. 14, 1986 recognizes, ''The traffickers, if they got together, could eventually elect their interdiction operations have -produced a great opportunity, own President. . . . This is the degree of the problem, and but also a profound risk for the people of Bolivia. Operation thishas also to be the scale of the solution." Blast Furnace caught the drug traffickers off guard. Ifthey As far back as June 1986, Bolivian Vice-President Julio are allowed to regroup, they will come back armed and Garret toured Europe in search of anti-drug aid. France, stronger than ever. The result could well be the emergence Austria, Italy, and West Germanywere some of his stops. In of a new and deadly guerrillamovement joining extremists, December, the West German governmentoffered 2 million destitute peasants, and the drug traffickers . The Bolivian deutschemarks in aid, approximately $1 million. The World government thus has no choice but to aimfor the total eradi­ Bank has just agreed to lend Bolivia $300 million, but it is cation of all cocadestined for conversion to cocaine, as well earmarked for "social improvements ." Planning Minister as the elimination of all drug trafficking in the country. " Sanchez de Lozada reported on Dec. 11 that the Paris Club This analysis by the Bolivian government poses at least of international creditors was offering a three-year loan of two simultaneous challenges: 1) winning the financial and $1.4 billion to B()livia, $300 million of which would be logistical support from abroad for interdiction efforts; and 2) tagged as anti-drug aid. However, it is not clearunder what securing economic assistance to both stabilize the Bolivian conditions the loans are being proffered.

EIR January 9, 19�7 Feature 41 Japan makes breakthroughs in defense, economy, AIDS

by MaryMcCourt

With Japan's sole enemy, the Soviet Union, rapidly building Socialistand Communist Partieswill likely have little effect. its forcesin boththe North and South Pacific, thegovernment The LOP-dominated Diet is expected to approve the budget of Prime Minister Yasuhiro Nakasone is moving aggressively before the fiscal year begins April 1. Although the actual to fill the vacuum left by the economic and military rout of percentage increase is tiny-from 0.993% of GNP last year its Western allies, led by the United States, in thePaci fic. In to 1.004%this year-the increasebreaks the 1 % psycholog­ December, the Nakasonegovernment decided to go through icalbarri er. with several policy breakthroughs that had been under con­ Since the end of World WarTI, Japan has followed a sideration for some time. "straight andnarro w" path on defense, dictated by-the threat The Japanese are fighting on a numberof fronts. They ofisolation fromthe world communityif it wereto once more are expanding their national defense commitment; putting becomea military"rogue" Po wer" as Prof. Masamichi Inoki, funds and political leadership into their "strategic economic president of the Research Institute for Peace and SecUiity, assistance" program in Southeast Asia and the South Pacific; and former superintendent of the National Defense Acade­ and arefunding research against the humanity-threatening my, wrotein a recentpolicy statement published in the Japan AIDS epidemic, even though thespread of the disease is still Times on Dec . 14. But clearly, recognition of the real threat limited in Japan. And, in what could become the focus for tothe Pacific-the Soviets-is finally laying to rest'thespectre scientific and economic progress for the next generation, the of the threat fromJapan. Japanese announced in December thatboth public and private Inoki wrote: "Ifthis country does not take on a greater sector would massively fund a "Human Frontiers Science defense burden, it willbecome a Free World orphan." Japan Program," which Prime Minister Nakasone wants to put be­ has one militaryenemy, the Soviet Union, and, geopolitical­ fore the industrialized nations at the next summit, likely to ly: "Japan is a thorn in Moscow's flesh," Inoki wrote. But beheld in Venice in June thisyear. . Japanese economic strength has changed its strategic rela­ ThatJapan has decided it is time to break some taboos, is tionship to the debt-ridden United States. Japan must increase shown by the government's decision Dec . 30 to break the its "defense related budget" Inoki wrote, but it "must have a ceiling imposed on defense expendituresby the Miki govern­ definite future say in deciding policy matters of mutual de­ ment in 1976, which has held defense spendingto 1 % of the fense concern." Japan must also strengthen"its relationships GNP. Defense spending for fiscal 1987 will be increased by with China and all other neighboring countries, which face 5.2% to 3.52 trillionyen ($21 .9billion), to buy moremilitary the military threat from the Soviet Union, and promote the aircraft and expand military personneL The current equip­ exchange of military intelligence as well as techology trans­ ment of the Japanese defense forces is obsolete. Cries that fers ." And it must support the Strategic Defense Initiative. this is Ii "rash act" from the leaders of both the opposition ''The government is advised to adopt an entirely new ap-

42 International EIR January 9, 1987 proach . . . by shifting emphasis from its present conven­ which established diplomatic relations with Libya and Syria tional annsprocurement programto the development of non­ last year; Fiji; and Papua New Guinea. He will beginhis tour nuclear 'high tech' weapons systems of revolutionary de­ by attending a meeting in Canberra of Japanese and Austra­ sign," Inoki concluded. lian cabinet ministers Jan. 8-9, and then visit New Zealand. Other spokesmenare equally direct on the Soviet threat. Japan will also extend an official government invitation Ruling LDP party Deputy Motoharu Arima, who speaks on to 20 labor leaders from'these countries to visit Tokyo early defense affairs from the heart of the LDP, French daily Le in 1987, government sources said on Dec . 25 . The Japanese Figaro reportedfrom Tokyo Dec. 29, stated: "The U.S.S.R. Foreign Ministry believes that the Soviets are gaining a foot­ is setting up bases in the region. I expect nothing from this hold in the South Pacificthrough the social-democratic-dom­ [Pacific] denuclearization treaty.... It is absolutely neces­ inated unions in the region, led by the Pacific Trade Union sary that we realize the objectives of our defense program Community, which held a general meeting in New Zealand and reinforce our econmic-strategic aid to the nations of the in May this year. South Pacific." In Southeast Asia, Japanese investment in Thailand be­ Arima called Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution-the tweenJanuary andSe ptember 1986 roseto 950 million baht, article-that prohibits Japan from waging war-an outdated up fromonly 430 million baht last year. Thailand is now the habit. "We have made efforts for disannament. But peace is fourthbiggest investmentpoint for Japan, afterChina, Korea not free of charge. If, unfortunately, tensions reach a point and Taiwan. of no return between Eastand West, we would bethen obliged Japanannounced Dec. 24 a $200billion fund, subscribed toamend our Constitution," he told Le Figaro. by thegovernment and banks andfinancial instituti ons, to go -The Soviets do not like the change. The Soviet military to the World Bank over the next three years to provide loans

daily Krasnaya ZvezdaDec . 14 said that Japan is playing an to developing sector countries at well below the prevailing extremely "dangerous role" in response to a Kyodo press World Bank interestrate of 8.23%. One insurancecompany release that said that U.S. strategists decided to make Japan official told the Financial Times Dec . 24 that he thought the responsiblefor backing up combat operations in theFar East, funds would go primarily to Latin American countries with South Asia, and the Persian Gulf. The Japanese Navy will strong growth potential, but burdened by heavy debts. escort U.S. carriers, seal international straits, and take part in anti-submarine warfare in the Sea of Japan and Sea of Nakasone in Europe Okhotsk. Prime Minister Nakasone will use his January travels­ the first official trip by a Japanese prime minister to Eastern Strategic economic aid Europe, including Finland, Poland, East Germany, and Yu­ The retreat of theUnited States is causing Japan to break goslavia-to deliver a policy speech on Japan's stand on some other post -W orId War IItab oos. For the first time since East-West relations . 1945 , it will move into the South Pacific, this time econom­ Nakasone hopes the speech will serve as a guidepost for ically. The fiscal 1987 budget will increase only by .02%­ Japan's future diplomacy in Eastern Europe, a high-level

the smallest increase in 32 years-public works spending Foreign Ministry official told the Japan Times of Dec . 18. inside Japan will fall by 2.3%, and "only defense, overseas Theprime minister will be accompanied by nine senior LDP development aid and domestic provisions for investment by Diet members-twice the size of the usual delegation. This government and local authorities" will get substantial in­ Eastern European tour was hastily arrangedafter the Soviets creases in the new budget for fiscal 1987, the London Times announced in Moscow-without previously informing the reported onDec. 30. Japanese government-that Mikhail Gorbachov would not Japanese ForeignMinister Tadashi Kuranari will visit the beable to visit Tokyo in January. This Soviet diplomatic slap South Pacific, where he will announce a "Kuranari doctrine" very likely was their response to the fact that Japan, as Radio for the area in a speech on Jan. 15 in Fiji. It is likely that Moscow noted nastily on Dec. 17, had recently expanded to Japan's OfficialDevelopment Assistance (ODA) would more 175 the list of products restricted for export to the Soviet than double, and include new features such as formulating Union and other socialist countries. Radio Moscow said that economic development plans for the nations. Meanwhile, the new list of restricted exports under the COCOM agree­ Foreign Ministry officials said on Dec . 13 that the United ment of NATO and Japan were mostly "high technology" States is not expected toincrease its foreign aid due toGramm­ products. But Poland, indebted to Japan by some $1 billion, Rudman budget balancing, and France, Britain and Australia is welcoming the visit with hopes of new investmentdea ls. areall cutting aid. Kuranari will deliberately visit those island nations tar­ 'Human frontiers' geted by theSoviets: Vanuatu, which is negotiating an agree­ Beyond these diplomatic and economic offensives, the ment giving landing rights to the Soviet fishing fleet and Japanese government is making one that, ifcarr ied through,

EIR January 9, 1987 International 43 could change the entireinternational retreat in theface of the deadly AIDS epidemic . Not only have the Japanese an­ nounced research projects on the causes and prevention of AIDS, but in December Prime Minister Nakasone gave the Do You Have the go-ahead to a project, the "Human Frontier Science Pro­ gram," which has been mooted for some time. Nakasone Latest called the program, which he told told Shozo Makino, head of the Mitsubishi Research lnstitute, Dec. 9 that he will put Amnlunition before the next industrialized nations' summit in June, a biological Strategic Defense Initiative. To Fight for the TheJapanese governmentCouncil for Science and Tech­ nology decided Dec. 11 to launch research on AIDS. The SDI? council said that research was urgently needed for measuring the quantity of the AIDS virus, to evaluate the effectsof anti­ AIDS drugs, and measure the disease's progress. Japan and the SDI: Then, on Dec . 17, the Japanese Health and Welfare Min­ An Inside Look istry established the AIDS Countermeasure Experts Confer­ ence, which in its first meeting in Tokyo set up a surveillance Japan's full-scale participation in the U.S. Stra­ committee to diagnose AIDS patients and keep surveillance tegic Defense Initiative could shorten the re­ over AIDS virus carriers in cooperationwith 2,000 hospitals search time for deployment by a full two years, and clinics in Japan. But the overall purpose of the Confer­ and bring enormous economic and defense ence, which will hold an international symposium in Febru­ benefits to Japan. ary and invite experts from around the world, is to find a How this can happen is detailed in the just­ published lranscript of a two-day conference comprehensive remedy and preventive measures for the dis­ in Tokyo, ·SOI: Military, Economic, and StrategiC ease. It has set up four researchgroups to develop medicinal Implications," sponsored by the Fusion Energy treatment for AIDS and study transmissionof the virus. Foundation and the Schiller Institute on April 22- 23. with 180 members of Japan's scientific and 'Wisdom of the Creator' political elite in. attendance. Although such programs are only· a small startagainst the The consensus at the end of the two days was AIDS threat, a fargreater science program is being proposed that Japan's participation in the SOl as an equal by Japan. Details on the methods and aims of the "Human partner is both necessary and urgent. As Prof. Frontier" project are not yet available, but Katsuhiko Ume­ Makoto Momoi of the Yomiuri Research Center hara, deputy head of the program of the Industrial Science put it, "Every day that Japan does not partici­ pate in the SOl is another day lost" in the battle and Technology Agency of MITI said of the project: "We to counter the Soviet threat. aim to discover and learn little known secrets of organic functions-the wisdom of the Creator." Umehara said the Top u.s., European, and Japanese scientific, mil­ project center should be jointly run by participating coun­ itary, and political representatives discussed: tries. The program should cost about $6. 25 billion, with more • the latest technologies of the SOl; . than half put up by the Japanese government and private • specifically what Japan can contribute; sector, he said. The government plans to have an outline of • the political eli mate in Japan; the project by March. • the nature of the Soviet threat. A panelcreated to outline researchtopics for theprogram met already in Tqkyo Dec. 18, to set up two working groups. Fully documented at the conference is how SOl The 18 scientists on the panel include Michio Okamoto of technologies will bring about a 100-fold leap in the Science Council of Japan, and Masao Ito, dean of the energy flux denSity, abruptly reversing the de­ University of Tokyo's Medical School, who will poll several cline in productivity in industry. hundred scientists on the project. One group will examine "information conversion," research on the ability of living bodiesto visually and aurally collect information and have it Now, the full proceedings of the conference are available in a transcript. Order your copy acknowledged by the brain. Research is expected to help for $100.00 by writing the Fusion Energy Foun­ develop intelligent robots and artificial intelligence systems. dation, P.O. Box17149, Washington, D.C. 20041- Thesecond groupwill study "substance-energy conversion," 0149. Or call (703)771-7000 to place your order or how the body consumes and digests food and converts it by telephone. Visa/MasterCard accepted. into energy, which could lead to the development of new energy conversion systems.

44 International EIR January 9, 1987 General of theOrganization of Islamic Conference (OIC), Mr. Shariffudin Pirzada, also a former foreign minister, re­ turnedfrom a visit to Moscow with the reportfrom unnamed Soviet officials that they had no intention of "staying on forever"in Mghanistan-norwould the Afghans wantit, the official had added, in what is viewed as the first Soviet ad­ mission of popular Afghan hostility to their presence. Other Afghan settlement reports have cited top Soviet officials to theeffect that Mos­ cow would not insist on a presence in Kabul aftersettlement . in the works? Interestingly, on the seminar circuit and in broader dis­ cussions in Pakistan, the linkbetween an Afghan settlement by SusanMaitra and the improved relations with India is also being empha­ sized. Diplomatic appearances notwithstanding, Indian anx­ iety to get the Soviet occupation troops out of a strategic Were it s4uply a matter of the great Gorbachov "troop pul­ neighboring country is no secret. lout" show of October, one would have to conclude that the The mid-December diplomacy between Islamabad and end of the Soviet occupation of Mghanistan was as far as Moscow tells another part of the story. Pakistan Foreign away as ever. The sleight of hand was not taken seriously by Secretary Abdul Sattar spent Dec. 8-12 in Moscow (report­ anyone in India. However, Gorbachov's statements in New edly in responseto a Soviet initiative) meeting withtop brass, Delhi during his recent visit weretaken seriously-from his including First Deputy Foreign Minister Y uli V orontsov and cautious even-handedness on Pakistan, to a vow to leave Foreign Minister Shevardnadze. A follow-up visit to Paki­ Mghanistan, and above all,his refusal to get into details on stan by a high-ranking Soviet official and plans for a later thematter since delicate, substantivemoves wereunder way. high-level delegation visit followed the probe. While it is The past months have shown there is something more to it publicly admitted thatan Mghanistan settlement was the top thanwords . item on Sattar'sagenda, unconfirmed reports in India indi­ From Moscow's standpoint, a troop withdrawal which cate that Pakistan has coupled an Afghanistan compromise allowed the Soviets to keep control of Mghanistan, would with the demand that the Soviet Union take a neutral stance solve several problems. It would help pave the way for full on the Kashmir dispute between India and Pakistan in order normalization of ties with the People's Republic of China, tofacilitate aft all-roundimprovement of relations. andit would help smoothrelations with India, whose concern The Soviets have also made offers to Pakistan of econom­ over the Soviet presencein Moscow surfaced publicly during ic assistance, if Pakistan were to cut the channel of aid to the Gorbachov's trip here . Additionally, it would enhance the Mghan rebels. The offer was underlined in public statements flagging credibility of Moscow's pro-Y alta partners in the by theKremlin 's ambassadorin Islamabad, Mr. Abdur Reh­ West, the faction centered around Zbigniew Brzezinski and man Vazirov, following the Sattar visit. Vazirov also went Henry Kissinger. on record with optimism about an early pullout of Russian troops and the assurance that Moscow wanted an "indepen­ Diplomatic preparation dent" Afghanistan. On Dec. 3, United Nations mediator Diego Cord6vez Significantly,just a day afterSattar' s returnto Islamabad, announced in Islamabad that his latest shuttle run between Mghan chief Najibullah was entertained in Moscow and Islamabad, Kabul, and Teheran had succeeded in producing announced in his dinner speech that Afghan forces outside an agreement for U.N. supervision of a Soviet pullout. The the country that wanted to contribute to the renovation of Soviets had so far opposedthis , since it would grant jurisdic­ Mghan life would be welcome in a new "government of tionto the U.N. in the Mghanistanmatter . Only one pointof national unity." a complete settlement now remains outstanding-namely, Meanwhile, a series of developments in Kabul gives cu­ the withdrawal timetable. mulative credence to Soviet pretensions about a settlement. Within days of the Cord6vez announcement, a seminar The removal of Babrak Karmal as titular president of the on Indo-Pakistani relations in Islamabad heard former For­ Democratic Republic of Afghanistan (DRA), and his replace­ eign Minister Aga Shahi state that Pakistan should recipro­ ment by Hazi Mohammed Tsamkani-a traditional Mghan cate the gestures Gorbachov made dpring his Indian visit, in Pushtun-speaking tribal chief who is not a member of the particularby abandoning insistence on a three-month with­ MarxistPeople 's Democratic Party of Afghanistan-in No­ drawal timetable "and consider even a year and a half as a vember is cited in this connection. Similarly, the mid-De­ reasonabletime-frame ." Shahi said Pakistan should not drag cember replacement of Foreign Minister Mohammed Dost out the war in Afghanistan, just to keep getting American by anothernon-party member. aid. The elevation of M .. Najibullah to Afghan Communist Perhaps even more significant, the Pakistani Secretary Party chief and head of the Kabul regime last May can be

EIR January 9, 1987 International 45 seen as a harbingerof moves to broaden the regime's face in_ elsewhere, and more recent reports point to active efforts led the direction of the Mujaheddin and refugees. As head of the by Najibullah to woo Muslim clergy and village elders onto Afghan secret service, KHAD, which many view as the only a "national reconciliation bandwagon." Soviet success in institution-building during their seven-year Behind the national unity tactic is a military stalemate. occupation, Najibullah is adept and utterly reliable, but more, Najibullah's backing of Afghan Defense Minister Mazar Mo­ he is a native of Peshawar, the main refugee center in Paki­ hammad and his replacement by the Soviet-trained and trust­ stan's Northwest Frontier Province, with many links among edBrig .-Gen. Mohammed Rafi was accompaniedby rumors the tribal groups and their brethren on the Pakistani side of that a shake-up and purgeof a score of senior officers charged the border. with being "Mujaheddin sympathizers" had taken place a Pakistani officials attribute the sharp rise in incidence of month earlier. It is well known that, by contract with the terrorism and sabotage in Peshawar and other refugeecenters KHAD, the Afghan military is demoralized and factional­ last year to Najibullah's operational capabilities. Indeed, ized. This has become a serious liability in the face of increas­ PakistaniPrime Minister Junejo has charged "foreign-trained ingly better-armed Mujaheddin, a liability that can be only saboteurs" with exploiting ethnic tensions that led to the partly recouped through the type of "special act" -in which recent riots in Karachi that took several hundred lives-and Najibulah's KHAD apparently excels. several sources say that KHAD had a hand in the turmoil. Whether or not the KHAD had a hand in it, the Karachi At the same time, Najibullah has no doubt played a crit­ riots of December-in which the Pathan emigrants from ical role in the series of overturesto refugees andMuj aheddin Afghanistan joined hands with the Pakistan Pathan against groups in Pakistan and abroad, which will culminate in dis­ theIndian-Muslim defenders, Mujahirs�have undoubtedly patch of a tribal jirga (council) fromPeshawar to Kabul in sent up a warning signal to the Pakistan government. It was Februaryto mediate between the Afghan governmentand the a reminder to Pakistan of the high price of failing to find a refugees. The controversialtribal chief Wali Khan Kukikhel political settlement in Afghanistan soon, one which permits reflects the drift. Kukikhel has suddenly returned- to Pakistan the rapid return of the more than 3 million refugees now after a two-month sojourn in Kabul, and is reported to be spilling over Pakistan's Northwest Frontier Province. The . engaged in the mediation. Radio Moscow-hailed "Pathan uprising" in Karachi is widely Earlier, unconfinned reports indicated that the Kremlin believedto have played a significant role in moving President had renewed contacts with exiled tribal chieftains in Italyand Zia's governmentto act in negotiations.

Derivative The Roots of Assassination: Western Civilization The full proceed- Who Killed , ings, in the five original languages Indira Gandhi? and English transla­ tion, of the historic by the Editors of Executive conference in Rome Intelligence honori ng the 1600th Review ann iversary of Augustine'S conver­ Order from: sion to Christianity. Ben franklin 504 pages, 43 black Booksellers, Inc. & white illustrati ons, 27 South King St. 24 tul l-color plates. Leesburg, VA 22075 Order From: $4.95 plus ship­ Ben Franklin Booksellers, Inc. ping ($1.50 for 27 South King St., Leesburg, Va. 22075 . first book. $.50 for each additional Price book). Bulk rates $14.95 (Add $1 .50 shipping for first book, $.50 available. for each additional book.)

46 International EIR January 9, 1987 Russian party's Kazakhstan coup �erc;Uds imperial reorganization by Konstantin George

On Dec. 17 and 18, thousands of Kazakh students rioted in naming Kazakhstan's new Russian boss, Gennadi Kolbin, Alma Ata, the capital of the Soviet Republic of Kazakhstan. Pravdalists no other members of these special committees. According to unofficial reports, the riots, which included That "normal" government operations are a thing of the past attacks on police stations in the city of over 1 million popu­ is furtherunderscored by Pravdaand Izvestia coverage of the lation near the Soviet-Chinese border, cost the lives of 7 first post-riot session of the Kazakhstan government, on the policemen and at least 15 Kazakh students , with hundredsof weekend of Dec. 20 and 21 in Alma Ata, presided over by Kazakhs arrested. The Almll Ata riots occurred a few days Mikhail Solomentsev, Soviet Politburo member and head of after the conclusion of a Central Committee Plenum of the the PartyControl

EIR January 9, 1987 International 47 Mikhail Gorbachov. To concretize the point: Regarding exchanging cadres Soviet Central Committee Department for Light and Con-, "between the republics and the center," since the death of sumer Industry. Brezhnev, there have been about 90 new first secretaries:­ or bosses-of oblast party committees (each republic is di­ The trend in Soviet CentralAsia vided into a number of oblasts, or provinces). In an unprec­ The shifts under way in Kazakhstan arenot unique to that edented pattern , at least half of these individuals were dis­ republic. Under Gorbachov, equally sweeping leadership patched fromthe Moscow Central Committee apparatus. No changes have occurredthroughout the Central Asian Muslim fewer than 17 of them served as Central Committee inspec­ republics, which unlike Kazakhstan wi$ its Slavic majority, tors . These Central Committee "apparatchniks" were them� have overwhelmingly Muslimpopulations. By January 1986, selves firstcarefully selectedby the Andropovand later Gor­ Gorbachov had thoroughly reorganized the leadership of all bachov-Ligachov forcesfor transfer fromregions to do a stint these republics, and especially in Uzbekistan (the mostpop­ in the Central Committee apparatus, before being dispatched ulous Muslim republic with its capital in Tashkent) and Turk­ as regional overlords . menistan (bordering Iran, east of the Caspian Sea). The significanceof the Pravdaeditorial is that this pattern In Uzbekistan, the Uzbeks suddenly became a minority of Moscow tritining and then shipment to the regions to over­ on their "own" Politburo, having only 6 of the 13 members see the Gorbachovian "restructuring" of Soviet society will (the others being 6 Slavs and 1 Kazakh) . In Turkmenistan, be starklyincreased in the future . the massacre was even more pronounced, where a new 12- man Politburo was erected with eight Russians on it. The Russian party coup in Kazakhstan In the second half of 1986, Gorbachov ordered a merci­ The Russification coup in Kazakhstan did not materialize less cilIIlpaign against Islam in these republics. In early Oc­ overnight. Kunaev's removal had been planned for at least a tober, at theUzbekistan CC plenum, thistheme was dutifully year. As this author wrote for EIR following the Soviet 27th taken up, and the plenum abounded with strident denuncia­ Party Congressin March 1986, the "handwriting on the wall" tions ofIslam. Ironically, the plenum-held in the first week for Kunaev was clear. Kunaev had for the time being sur­ of October-was occurring at the very moment at which vived, but most of his Kazakhstan mafia machine was swept Moscow was staging its "Islamic Card" showpiece interna­ away under the Gorbachovian purges. Eleven Kazakhstan tional conference in Baku. While over 700 Muslim religious members of the Soviet Central Committee (including fulland leaders and representatives of Politburo member Geidar Ali­ . alternate members) elected to the CC iii 1981, were not re­ yev's "Muslim Card International" were faithfully gathered elected in 1986. One of the 11 was Kunaev's brother, presi­ in Baku, Azerbaijan, in Tashkent, Islam inside the Soviet dent of the Kazakhstan Academy of Sciences. In April, Ku­ Union was being denounced as never before . naev's brother lost that post as well. For Gorbachov and the Russian party however ,. the Tash­ At this point-and for months afterward-many Krem­ 'kent proceedings were mere lip service to the anti-domestic­ linologists were so mesmerized by the "fact" that Kunaev Islam cause. As one source told EIR : "How else could you was still in power, following two Kazakhstan CC plenums explain why a month ago [Nov. 24] , Gorbachov himself had (one in April and one in July) that they missed the real to stop in Tashkent on his way to India, and make hi� big unfolding story-::-Russification combined with skillful eth­ speech demanding action against Islam in Uzbekistan?" nographic manipulation by the Kremlin, and economic re­ . Will other Muslim party bosses in Soviet Central Asia structuring. follow Kunaev? Experts'note a patternof recent sharpattacks In June, 3 regional (oblast) bosses were dumped. For the and criticisms in th� Soviet media in that region against firsttime fu memory, a Russian, V.G. Anufriyev, replaced a Niyazov, the first secretary of Turkmenistan, and Usmank­ Kazakh as first secretary of Taldy-Kurgan Oblast, while in hodzhaev, the firstsecretary of Uzbekistan. The attacks focus the Tselinograd obiast, one of the main concentrations of on denouncing "shortcomings and inefficiency" in the econ­ ethnic Germans, Andrei Braun, a German became the first omy, massive "corruption," and also, especially strident, the secretary. This is another "first" in postwar Kazakhstan . EIR failure to undertake effective campaigns against religion­ sources who have persoQally debriefed recently arrived eth­ i.e., Islam. nic Germanemigres fromKazakhstan , report thatthe Slavic­ The attacks can not be placed in the "against old Brezh­ German majority openly expressed that they were "fed up" nevites" category. Niyazov was brought to power only one with the Kazakhs , "who think they own the place." These yearago , replacing Gapurov, the Brezhnevite who ranJ'urk­ profiled sentiments are being skiilfully expioited by the So­ menistan since 1969, while Usmankhodzhaev replaced de­ viet leadership and media. ceased Brezhnevite Rashidov in 1983. Regarding Niyazov, In July, an even more important change took place. The eyebrows were raised among Soviet Central Asia watchers Kazakh Central Committee secretary in charge of industry when he was shipped off on short notice to Guinea-Bissau and mining, Karatai Turysev, was removed and replaced by and missed the Nov. 7 festivities in Turkmenistan , overwhich a Russian, Lyudmila Davletova, who had been head of the he should have presided.

48 International EIR January 9, 1987 Guest Commentary

1914 to 1986: the road t6 tenninal disaster by a British Watcher on the Threshold

The story of 1914 has been written thousands of times. But tastrophe not yet completed-but soon to reach its terrible it has never been written in a prophetic context (even in 1938- finale. 39), still less in 1986. I believe it should now be so written. In Russia, the fate of the world was in the hands of that At 9 o'clock on a splendid May morning of 1910 there incompetent fool Nicholas II.In Germany it was in those of set out from Buckingham Palace a procession of nine Kings, a bombastic idiot Wilhelm n. In Constantinople, of a degen­ five heirs apparent, forty princes, and seven Queens. That erate Sultan. In Bulgaria, of a fool who had bought a Byzan­ procession was so gorgeous that the London crowds gasped. tine outfit from a show-business supplier. In England, of a What few , if any, realized, was that it represented not only smug Liberal administrationdrawn from a wealthy merchant the funeral ceremony of Edward VII but of an entireera. Not class mixed up with a pretend aristocracy, mostly derived only were almost all the dynasties represented to fall, but the from former political party subscribers. The English king Empires of Britain,Fra nce, Russia, Germany, Holland, Bel­ was inexperienced, a tool of ministers, lacking any serious gium, Portugal, and Turkey were all to expire. education, and stubbornlyEstablishment. He was, no doubt, Amongst that glittering muster of royals only one man well-meaning, but he compn:hended only the technicalities was never to run, betray, or behave disgracefully. That one of seamanship, shooting birds, and the futile social customs man was Albert of the Belgians. He alone of all of them never of a snobbish sort. ran or betrayed. Nor in fact did his son Leopold III. He was Pasic, the Serbian prime minister, learned in May 1914 just sold down the river by his allies and then blamed by that there was a plot to assassinate the archduke on the occa­ Churchill (who lied). sion of his visit to Sarajevo. Pasic was not strong enough to That gilded procession preceded by only four years the deal with the Black Hand secret society openly, notwith­ mobilization of 70 million men and the death within eight standing the fact that the Russian ambassador in Belgrade years of probably 9 million. It was the last ceremony of its had officially withdrawn support from it. Nevertheless he kind ever to takeplace and was preliminary to two vast world ordered the Serbian ambassador in Vienna to warn the Aus­ conflicts and the threat of a third, nuclear war and of a phys­ trianauthorit ies. Jovanovic in fact did so. In Vienna, he saw ical scourge without precedent in recorded history (AIDS). Bilinski who was responsible for the administration of Bos­ Behind the incompetent puppets dressed up in their gor­ nia-Herzegovina. He saw Bilinski becausethe frivolous Ber­ geous state outfits was an entire body of political fools, a chtold evaded contact with Jovanovic as much as possible, frivolous society, and a dying religion-the most publicized whereas he ought to have seen him whenever possible. Jov­ i' of which is, in 1986, in its finaldeath throes while filling its anovic expressly told Bilinski that the archduke's life would churches with a mass of false idols in a hopeless attempt to be in danger. Bilinski ignored the warning. He told neither retain a few customers. thearchduke nor Berchtold. As a result of Crown Prince Rudolph's murder of Bar­ So the archduke and his wife set out, unwarned by a oness Marie Vetsera and his own suicide at Mayerling on minister who had expressly been told that an assassination Jan. 29-30, 1889, the heir to the Crown of Austria-Hungary attemptwas likely. Three conspirators were in place: Princip, in 1914 was Archduke Franz Ferdinand, an overweight no­ Cabrinovic, and Grabez. They had been in or near Sarajevo nentity whose hatred of Hungary, evil temper, bad health, for two weeks. All through May they had practiced shooting. and exaggerated love of bird slaughter made him unsuitable On May 27, they were issued with the final weapons and for any position of trust whatsoever. His death on June 28, poison-four Belgian automatics of the latest type and six 1914, was to be the fatal occurrence that cost the lives of the bombs. On May 28, they left Belgrade and were passed by flowerof the world's youth-fine, clean lads, most of whom the secret Black Hand route across the frontier. On June 3, would have been disgusted even to drink a glass of beer with they arrived in Sarajevo and were seen around quite openly, Franz Ferdinand if they had known the truth. But the Haps­ albeit not together. burgs were nonetheless to be the cause of indescribable ca- . TheAustrian security precautions were virtually nil. Not

EIR January 9, 1987 International 49 the slightest notice had been taken of the official Serbian On July 28, Austria declared waron Serbia. On July 29, warning. The degenerate and idiotic so-called aristocratic Russia ordered general mobilization. On Aug. 2, Germany government-infact a system and administrationtypified by sent an ultimatum to Belgium. OnAug. 3, Germany declared the lunatic Prince Montenuovo, a man wholly devoted to waron France and at 2 p.m. on Aug. 4, Grey telegraphed an how many quarterings a man could claim upon his coat of ultimatum to Germany. His fishing holiday had not been a arms-an emblem �ve� centuries out-of-date in terms of success. Nine million of the flowerof the world's youth died its proper origin. Moreover" when a coat of arms really did among 29 million casualties. serve an effe<;tive purpose, most of the families so dear to What then? In 1939 the British government refused to Prince Montenuovo were totally unknown and did not pos­ believe that Poland would collapse in a few days. It refused sess any such badge. The man was a dangerousfoo l. to take any notice of repeated warnings fromFrance (see the At 10:15 a.m. on June 28, 1914 Franz Ferdinand and his Secret Chamberlain Papers published by Kilbrittain News­ nice wife (she was worth 20 of him, but did not come up to papers). It accepted false Russian assurances at Yalta, not­ Prince Montenuovo's social standards-the lady being no withstandingone warning afterthe other. more than a mere countess: quite shocking), made quite a target in Count Harrach's car. Cabrinovic hurled a bomb. Today's leaders no better The archduke and his wife escaped injury. One might Iiave Lately, and even more seriously, Mrs. Thatcher has re­ thoughtit something of a warning: But not one bit of it. First fused to be warned and President Reagan has so acted that the archduke sent a characteristic telegram to the emperor. the one vital and essential asset�ibility-has been The attempt should not be taken too seriously. Nothing ex­ thrown away without his Secretary of State even knowing cept quartering was taken seriously at the Austrian Court. what was afoot. We have tolerated Russian agents at the head There would be no harm. in driving down Appel Way for of government. We have quarreled with South Africa (a luncheon at the governor's house. It would be a mistake to crucial source of defense supplies without which we cannot bring in security forces to ,line the route-they would not be survive). correctly dressed (Potriorek). But the route was changed If the so-called leaders of 1914 and 1939 were irrespon­ withouttelling the driver (! ! !). The archduke's cartherefore sibly crazy, thoseof todayare no better. They will lead us in took the wrong road. Potriorek yelled out that it was the a Third World War even though this time the danger is rec­ wrongway. Thechauffeur therefore stoppedto reverse under ognized. They are inept and stupid. This ,time it could be not the very eyes of the incredulous Princip, who fired point only catastrophic, but terminal. We have learntnothing from blank at the archduke. Thatwas that. 1914 or 1939. We drift to disaster notwithstanding one dis­ OnJuly 5, the Austrianambassador to Germany told the aster afteranoth er. Each warningmakes our inept politicians Kaiserthat the assassination had beenproved to bethe work more inept. They have learntnothing and they refuseto learn. of the Serbian government. The Kaiser thereupon offered Theyscorn warnings just as the Austriangovernment scorned Austria a blank check. In fact, Baron Wiesner (the official the explicit warningof the Serbian envoy in 1914 and as Sir sent by Vienna to Sarajevoto investigate) did not even start EdwardGrey went fishingto Icheft Abbas. .. on his work until July 11,' and, in fact, totally cleared the By farthe gravest factor in the period 1945 to 1986 has Serbian government. The Austrian ambassador to Germany beenthe deep penetrationof the United Kingdom by Russian hadlied. Itwas a fatefullie. It was to cost millions of lives. agents. Unlike Mr. Chapman Pincher, this writer has never On July 6, the German ambassador to London, Prince received any informationfrom British official so\U"CCs. If he Lichowsky, warnedSir EdwardGrey of the danger. Grey did had,he would not have believed it, because he has so vast a nothing of importance. Prince Lichowsky begged Grey to . file of offi�ial British lies (fromthe highest to the least) that smooth down Russia. Grey only mildly reported to the Rus­ he would not believe a word. All this writer's information sianambassador in London. comes from an excellent source altogether external to the OnJuly 23, Austriadelivered the fatal ultimatumto Ser­ United States, but one which above all wishes to see Britain bia. Lichowsky imploredGrey to intervene in Paris and St. redeemed and saved. Petersburg. Instead, Grey went offon a fishing holiday on Whether former officials should or should not blow se­ July 25, 1914 and therefore doomed the whole world to cretsto such as Mr.Pincher, the writer prefers not to discuss. catastrophe. Even Mr. Peter Wright hasbeen less than frank in certain Onthe morning of July 25, the Serbian government draft-' highly sensitive matters and it is this writer's opinion that ed an unconditional acceptance of the Austrian demands. only part of the truth will not provide a cure. It is the whole Later on the same day, the reply was amended with fatal f:!Uth we need and it is not a pleasant story. Judges, high consequences-because Grey, busy fishing, had not inter­ officials, ministers, and even service chiefs have played a vened in St. Petersburg. The Kaiser was on a holiday. All part in lies and deceptions. The consequences are already English society was busy with holiday plans. The weather partly evident. But far graver occurrences have yet to take was perfect. No one even dreamt of disaster. place ' unless, before it is too late, Britain at last sees the

50 International EIR January 9, 1987 necessity of clean, honest leadership. Britain needs and must have a new Constable of England. Only one candidate exists. Let us hope that he will be drafted before it is too late. It has often'been argued that of all the irresponsiblefools aroundin 1914, the Emperor Franz Josef was the least guilty . Witchcraft cults That is not.so . On July 5, 1914 he wrote an extremely belli­ cose letter to the Kaiser. On July 7, Tisza voted at the Council promoted 'inSpain of Ministers against war. He followed that by an urgent memorandum to the emperor who rejected it with a strong by Leonardo Servadio and determined voice. He said: "No ...if they [the Serbians] do not knuckle under we will go to war." Franz Josef was not a weak old man who, almost without knowing it, with trem­ Well-meaning people in Spain, if belonging to the right-wing bling hand signed the proclamation of war. He knew exactly variety, usually think that the biggest danger of destabiliza­ what the risks and issues were. He had read and rejected tion for the country comes fromthe Marxists. Well-meaning Count Tisza's memorandum. He was for warand urged war people of a left-wing variety, now the majority in Spain, from his holiday retreat at Ischl. No one person bore more thinkthat theremight still be some danger of a militarycoup. responsibility for the mismanagement of the consequences If these people had seriously studied the history of th� Rus­ than Karl and Zita. No Hapsburg ever behaved with greater sian revolution, the most oligarchical of all revolutions re­ subsequent disloyalty to old friends than Karl's son Otto. The corded in history, and the not-secondary role of the many Hapsburgs were a historic disaster of the first magnitude. Rasputins who were around in its preparation, they would They are now, of course; quite meaningless and it would be worry more about a different phenomenon: the growing spread suitable if they so remain. of witchcraft, superstition, and astrology, which is propagat­ ed by media campaigns and finds fertile ground in the back­ Author's Note: The Black Hand of Serbia was headed by ward Spanish cultural environment. According to informed Dimitrijevic who was shot for treason by the Serbs in 1917. sources, the spread of this magic cultism in Spain is second The Russian agent who continued to support the Black Hand only to the extent of its penetration into Lutheran German after Baron Hartwig (Russian ambassador in Belgrade) had SOCiety.' withdrawn official Russian support from that terrorist soci­ In the past months, witchcraftpropaganda has massively ety , was Captain Artomanov(perhaps a sortof Colonel North increased. Perhaps not by chance, it has coincided with the of 1986). Hartwig died of a heart attack in the Austrian influx of drug money, the arrival of the Cisneros family, embassy (Belgrade) while giving assurances to the Austrian linked to drug-money launderers, and, big investments by the Ambassador, Baron Giesl, in July 1914. Artomanov repre­ gnostic sect of the Unification Church (Moonies). The Moon sented the Russianultras who wereinfluential in 1914 exactly sect, throughHeron Internation al, one of their financialhold­ as they again are in 1986. The issue is again use of terrorism ings, bought the biggest realestate investment in Madrid, the in 1986 as in 1914. No one yet knows why Dimitrijevic was Jerezskyscraper which once belonged tothe Rumasa holding shot for treason, but it is speculated that the Serbian authori­ company. ties considered him guilty of organizing the assassination of In November, Pamplona, the capital city of Navarra, the archduke withoutofficial approval. The fact that the Ser­ officially hosted a big international congress on "witcholo­ bian ambassador in Vienna warnedthe Austriangovernment gy." At the sametime , the wax museum of Barcelona put on supportsthat hypothesis. an exhibition of statues of pagan goddesses Ashtarte, Shiva, This author has consulted EdwardCrankshaw' s excellent Kali, Cybele,,e tc., a show which will be sent around the work of reference The Fall of the House of Hapsburg, and country, in an obvious effort to destroythe Catholic orienta­ The Eagles Die by George R. Marek. In thelatter book Marek tionof the Spanish population. states that he cannot believe that the Austrian authorities did ThePamplona congress on "witchology" was opened by not warnthe archduke. However, no documenthas ever been one "Francis of Assisi" Rovatti, who teaches at Galileo Gal­

found to evidence that the archduke'was told by Bilinski of ilei University in Pescara, Italy, with a "cosmic invocation," Jovanovic's warning. It is a fact that the visit took place at midnight on Halloween. It was a rjtualistic invocation for withoutsecurity precautions. So deeply fond of his wife was universal peace to the "cosmic Christ": the typical syncretic the archduke, that it is incredible he would have risked her operation to paganize Christianity, which is so fashionable life if warned. Moreover,the emperor did not like his nephew today with the pacifistand ecologist movements. and in thedraft letter fromthe emperorto Prince Montenuovo The starof the show was one Prof. Julio CaroBaro ja, an he (the emperor) struck out the words "a death painful to anthropologist at Basque University, who belongs tothe group me." of academicians who, more than anyone else, worked to

EIR January 9, 1987 International 51 create the separatist ideology of the Basque region and the terrorist ETA . The leader of these academicians is Barandi­ aran,an old Jesuit who must know a lot about how ETAwas set up and aboutcertain extremist wings of the Ibero-Amer­ Pope sets Basque ican "Theology of Liberation," which are controlled by Bas­ que Jesuits. bishops straight It is probable, therefore, that when the astrologists at the convention "predicted" that ETA would be eliminated within At an audience witha group of Spanish bishops on Oct . a year and a half, they had specific plans for fulfilling this . 24, PopeJohn Paul ITdecried the ''unspeakablescourge prophecy. Given their close association with ETA , this might of terrorism." Present were the bishops of Pamplona, mean that they are planning to switch to a different kind of Burgos, and Zaragoza, who have authority over the terrorism, or that they expect to achieve the results of terror­ three diocesesof the Basque lands. ism by sparking a broad-based cultist movement. "Let hatred cease, which generates death and de- . The newspaper that has most pushed the propaganda for struction! And of course, let this attitude of belliger­ astrology, telepathy, witchcraft, etc. in thepast several months ence never find the slightest backing in persons who has been the "Catholic and conservative" daily ABC, which call themselves Catholics or animated by good will," published for months a special weekly supplement, present­ saidthe Pope. Recalling that those bishops hadalready ing thosesub jects as worthyof scientific attention. TheSpan­ made repeated appeals for peace (maybe referring to ish Church has watched, without intervening, as this cultist the so-called peace movement), the Pope recommend­ degeneration unfolded. Everybody in Spain knows that the ed them to pursue the advance of peace patiently and Basque Church is largely complicit with ETA , and in partic­ actively. "It is not just a question of condemning vio- . ular the local Jesuits , who helped to create ETA ; to attack lence, but of making it less and less possible by fo­ these witchcraft phenomena means to attack these corrupted menting the spirit of peace among peoples ." ''The fight branches of the Basque and Jesuit apparatus, whose impor­ between violence and peace," said the Pope furtheron , tance is not limited to the Basque region,but extends through­ "between int91erance and reason, between extremism out Ibero-America. The Popereferred exactly to this problem and moderation, between might and right, is waged in his speech at the end of October to a group of Basque above all within consciences. It is [those consciences] bishops in Rome (see box). we must reach and shape them with an education of the The new Inquisition right kind." After calling on the bishops not to rej ect, but to What is the real goal of this religious upheaval? It is a fully accept, modem progress, the Pope noted: "How­ new Inquisition, the fanatic "right-wing" movement which ever, some phenomena of vast expansion such �as the the schismatic "bishop" Marcel Lefebvre just happened to .growing secularization of the environment, an anti­ come to Spain to push, at the end of October-beginning of Christian secularization which, finds a ready echo in November. According to El Pais, a paper which gave enor­ certain mass media, together with a certainpluralism, mous publicity to Lefebvre , the followers of the "bishop," which in many cases obscures the Christian identity, belonging to the "Brotherhood of St. Pius X," aim at "de­ areopening the door to a worrisome situation, in which fending" the Church against the "poison of modernism" and the number of persons increases who give up t\le faith various heresies, and compare Lefebvre to St. Athanasius, as lost or out of date, or who disconnect it from daily who fought againstthe degeneration of the Church at the time life.'" � of theArian heresy. Lefebvre reduces the fightagainst heresy to an act of blind subjugation to Church authority, based on specific liturgy, presented in the least understandable and most magical way possible. that he does not consider himself suspended a divinis (under In reality,Lefebvre is not against heresy;he is against the the penalty to which he is condemned by the Church, that he notion of progress, and needs heretical tendencies to accom­ cannot carry out liturgical acts), since, according to him, plish his project of reestablishing a purely authoritarian there was never a judgment against him, and this is "worse Church, where theology be based uniquely on a blind act of than the Soviet Union." faith in the Church hierarchy, not on an Augustinian notion Lefebvre claims that it is time that the Church allowed of consubstantiality. The Trilater8t Commission-linked El "freedom of conscience" -but makes only the small mi�take Pais ran a long interview with the schismatic "bishop" on of asserting' that freedom of conscience was established by Oct.29 . Init, Lefebvre attackedhe thefreedoms says emerged the French Revolution. He forgets that it was established by with the French Revolution: ''religious liberty, freedom of Christ himself and reestablished in the Filioque clause of the conscience, and freedom of the press." He complained that Nicene Creed, besidesbeing translatedinto law by the Amer­ today the Church accepts all these freedoms and concludes ican, not by the French Revolution.

52 International EIR January 9, 1987 accompanying feature, Iran's internalfight for thesuccession to Ayatollah Khomeini. Revelations on U.S.-Iranian nego­ tiations . have exacerbated internal tensions. An intensifica­ tion ofthe Gulf Waris an easy way out, made easier because there has been no fundamental divergences between the so­ called moderates around Hojatessalam Hashemi Rafsanjani andthe so-called hardliners aroundKhomeini's potential heir, Ayatollah Montazeri. All have argued in favor of a broad­ ening of the war, and all agreeon theneed to overthrowIraqi President Saddam Hussein and create an "Islamic republic" Persian Gulfwar in Iraq. Accordingto reportsfrom Iran,only the fox:ce apparently expected to widen opposed to the presentoffensive is the army-froma purely technical rather than ideological standpoint. Tensions have grown between the regular armed forces and the Pasdarans by ThienyLalevee (revolutionary guards) led by Commander Mohsen Rezai.

Thisreportedly led tothe Dec . 27 explosion at the Pasdaran's By earlyJanuary, Iran is expectedto launch anotheroff ensive Beheshti garrison in Teheran. Several hundreddied when the against Iraq, in the central front around the cities of Qasr-e­ ammunition depots blew up. Shin and Naft-e-Shar, where several hundred thousand sol­ dierSare being massed. This will bethe immediatefo llow up Subversion of the Gulf tothe Dec . 24 offensive which enabled the Iraniansl'? seize However, while it deploys its human waves at Iraq's the Umm al Rassas island in the Shatt alArab waterwayfor borders, theleadership in, Teheran is pondering thetiming two days, before being drivenout by the Iraqis. for an extension of the warinto the Gulf generally. The Dec. This 'new military onslaught is extraordinary in several 2S opening of a four-day conference in "Solidarity with the ways. It is the first time in the six-year-old Gulf War that Iraqi People," chaired by President Ali Khamenei and Aya­ such offensives take place in the middle of winter, under tollah Mohammed alBaler Hakeem of the SupremeAssembly adverse atmospheric conditions which previouslyhad frozen . of the Islamic Republic of Iraq (SAIRI), is revealing. With any large-scale ground operations from early November to some 400 members of the ad Da'awa (Islamic Call) Iraqi late February. 'Ibisyear, the conditions are said to beexcep­ Shi'ite organization, as its mainparticipants , the conference tionallygood , enabling the Iraniansto rolltheir tanks through gatheredfanatics from the whole region,especially Lebanon . marsheswhich hadgenerally beentotally flooded. However, It was the actual backboneof the Islamic Liberation Move­ good weatheris not theonly answer. For theIranians to cross ment. Until last October, when he was arrested, the lslamic the Shatt al Arab at this time and attempt to repeat their Liberation Movement had been led by Mehdi Hashemi, an previous victory when they seized the island of Faw, they _assistant to Ayatollah Montazeri. had torely on technology and hardware. Justas an intensive The arrest of Hashemi, who headed the committee for severalmonths repair-workby Britishengineers had set Ira­ "export of revolution," and his brother has not halted the nian Hovercraft into motion for the final assault on Faw, operations of Islamic subversion in the Gulf and the region. Iran's present military capabilities have the Israelis and the The arrestS, made by the Rafsanjani clan, weremore rooted

Americansto thank. This was bitterly underlinedon Dec . 28 in personal rivalry than in opposing political views. Hash­ by one of Iraq's allies, Egyptian Defense Minister Abu Gha­ emi's mistake seems to have been the launching of under­ zala. groundoperations in Saudi Arabia, at a time when Rafsanjani

Beside the hardware, thenumber of troops deployed has . was otherwise negotiating with Riyadh through Ayatollah been significant. The Dec . 24 offensive was no "finaloffen­ Karroubi of theFoundation of the Martyrs. Rafsanjani con­ sive," but neither was �t a "limited" operation. It involved a sidered it an unacceptable interference, and moved to take verylarge proportion of the 200,000Iranian soldiers imme­ personalcontrol of the ILM, strengtheninghis position with diately massed at the Shatt al Arab and in particular the the Saudis and otherGulf cou,ntries. 100,000 new recruits who were paiaded through the streets Not onlywas Rafsanjani one of thechairmen of the con­ of Teheran in early December. It i� also ackno.wledged that ference, but thereis evidencethat he personallyapproved the

Iraq has killed, wounded, or captured some 10,000 Irani­ Dec . 2S hijacking of an Iraqijetliner, primarily as a warning ans-not perhaps as many as the 60,000 claimed by Bagh­ to Saudi Arabia. A more concrete signal is expected to be dad, but over 10,000. This indicates that the Shatt al Arab delivered in coming weeks to the small island of Bahrain. offensive has bCen conceived, not as a limited, testing oper­ From political destabilization of its neighbors, to outright ation,but as the firstoff ensive of a series. military extension of the warto the Gulf nations more gen­ The roots ofthe new offensives lie in "Irangate" andits erally, is a smallstep that mostexpect Iran to take.

EIR January 9, 1987 International S3 MotherRussia by Rachel Douglas

Behind the release of Sakharov next fall, jointly with the Soviet emigre The Soviet militaryand the secret police "spring" the dissident Vladimir Bukovsky and the Resis­ . tance International. It is hoped, the physicist fo r their own purposes. spokesman said, that Andrei Sakhar­ ov will attend. In West Germany, the anti-SOl T he releaseof Academician Andrei launching trial balloops that very scientist Hans-Peter Duerr,director of Sakharov and his wife, Yelena Bon­ week. the Max Planck Institute for Physics ner, from their seven years of exile in Most of all , Sakharovattacked the and Astrophysics, announced Dec . 29, the city of Gorky was no great victory Strategic Defense Initiative. Argu­ that he would meet Gorbachov in for "human rights" lobbying on his ments to which the world has been Moscow in February, to djscuss all behalf. The Soviet secret police let subjected for three and a half years, aspects of anti-SOl activities and them return at a moment when it was from the mouths of Soviet establish­ Duerr's pet project: a World Peace most useful, if not indispensable, for ment scientists such as Yevgeni Veli­ Initiative. Here, too, Sakharov may the Gorbachov regime�s battles with khov and Roald Sagdeyev, were sud­ go into action, since Duerrhas already the West. ' denly invested with the solemn au­ proposed in a letterto Gorbachov, that Gorbachov's phone call to Sak­ thority of the great "dissident," Sak­ the famous physicist be allowed to harov, when the Communist Party harov. collaborate in this effort , as a member chief invited the scientist to return to ABC News asked Sakharov, of the Committee of Soviet Scientists "patriotic work" at the Academy of whether he hadbeen released in order for Peace, against the Nuclear Threat. Sciences, was not window-dressing. to speak out against the SOl. He re­ For anybody familiar with the Nor was the two-hour visit paid Sak­ plied that "no conditions" were im­ method and practice of the Russian harov by Guri A. Marchuk, former posed, but added: "I can say the fol­ secret police from time immemorial, chief of the Novosibirsk science com­ lowing about the Strategic Defense in the infiltration, cultivation, crea­ piex and former deputy prime minis­ Initiative. I think that ...[the SOl] tion, and controlof "dissent," Sakhar­ ter, now president of the Academy. will always be impossible fiom the ov's release and behavior is hardly Sakharov is expected to take a leading military strategic point of view, since mysterious. One of the most striking role in Soviet science,. which is vital any strongopponent with a sufficient­ aspects of S�arov's career as a "dis­ to the military-dictated mobilization ly high level of technology can always sident" was the fact that in his first of the Soviet wareconomy. overcome the technical achievements foray against official policy-a 1967 Caught flatfooted by the U.S. re­ of the other side at all stages." article on the role of the intelligentsia fusal to surrender the Strategic De­ A spokesman for the Washington and the threat of nuclear war, which fense Initiative at the Reykjavik sum­ based Andrei Sakharov Institute, was rejected for publication by Liter­ mit in November and by the subse­ which has worked on behalf of Sak­ aturnaya Gazeta-his co-author,was quent assault on the "Kissingerian" harov's freedom and his ideas, called KGB operative and journalist Ernst National Security Council apparatus, his release a "go signal" for all those Henry (a.k.a. Semyon Rostovsky), at which had been Moscow's best hope groups in the West that oppose the that time detailed to the "liberal" wing for delivering such a surrender, the SOl. The Soviets fear thepotential , he of the Moscow intellectual scene. Soviet military has resolved to step up said, for Westerntechnological break­ Thus a dissident career was the pace of its own mobilization. out through a mobilization forthe SOL launched. Not that Sakharov ever had But before any concrete scientific In this, the regime has Sakharov's totake any directfrom orders theKGB , work is launched, Sakharov has al­ backing: "Sakharovis being a patriot. which spentmuch time and effort har­ ready,been put into action as a quasi­ Itwould be ibleiInpQss for himto adopt assing and torturing himand his fam­ independent mouthpiece for <;Jorba­ an approach that would mean Ameri­ ily. But this assuredhis elevation to.a chov. In interviews to American TV canstrategic superiority, whichis what modem Russian saint, and the value networks, broadcast Suilday, Dec . 28, SOl competition would eventually of his future readmission to society at Sakharov endorsed a Soviet pullout mean." an opportune moment, wl)ich turned fromAf ghanistan-aboutwhich Gor­ The Sakharov Institute plans to out to be December 1986, was pre­ bachov and the Soviet military were hold an anti-SOlconference in Europe rigged.

54 International EIR January 9, 1987 Reportfr om Bonn by RainerApel

Heads to roll over Libya arms deals late 1980 was also involved in con­ Investigative leads point toward Hans-Dietrich Genscher's Free tacts with Libya and Iran. During the several years of investigations into the Democratic Party and his foreign ministry. illegal party funding scandal in West Germany, the Free Democrats have failed to documentthe origins of sev­ eral million deutschemarks of party Investigations in the United States of triedto gain access to Westernmissile funds. Rumors have always had it that illegal weapons delivery to Iran' are technology through contractswith the much, if not all, of thatmoney actual­ expected to reach into West Germany West German Otrag company, then ly came from Iran, or Libya. soOn. Foreign MinisterGensche r's role run by a certain Lutz Kayser. The af­ Hints that most of the Free Dem� in helping the Iranian arms dealer and fair was made public in 1981, and ocrats'contacts in the two regimesran weapons trader Sadegh Tabatabai es­ shortly after the above-mentioned through the office of Jiirgen Molle­ .cape trial in a German court threeyears Helmut Langmade contact witha Dr. mann, then vice-presidentof the Ger­ ago has not been forgotten, nor have Salah Farkash at theLibyan Ministry man-Arab Society, have been given people stopped wondering why of Energy Supplies. Farkash, a broth­ repeatedly, but hard evidence of the Genscher and his ministry insist on er-in-Iaw of Qaddafi, specializesin il­ specificcharacter of thesecontacts has maintaininggood contact with Iran and legal deals which bring sensitive mil­ never beenprovided . Thecase of Mrs . Libya, and oppose sanctions against itary technologies to Libya. Lang's Rech may shed some light now on these regimes. The illegal channels contract was to provide Libya with these affairs, because her share in between Iran, Switzerland, and the missiles of a wider range than the So­ Lang's Orbit company may be traced United States, which are being looked viet missiles Qaddafi already has. back to the kind of job she was doing into now, are the same ones which Was this "business contact" pos­ for the Free Democrats before. were used by Tabatabai, a son-in-law sible without political promotion? Mollemann's "Arab relations" of Khomeini with goodrelations with Certainly not, and the case of a certain have beenturned into officialgovern­ West Germanarms traders . Mrs. Johanna Gertrud Rech, one of ment policy in Bonn in themeantime: Meanwhile, another weapons three shareholders in Lang's Orbit Genscher made him, who was always scandal is beginning to hit Genscher company, is indicative. Mrs . Rech considered his personal "trouble­ and his political cronies. Shortly be­ worked for the Free Democratic Par­ shooter" fordifficult missions , under­ fore Christmas, the Federal Prosecu­ ty's parliamentary caucus, and re­ secretary at the foreign ministry, when tor of West Germany opened an offi­ vealed to the press in late 1980 that the Bonn coalition governmentbroke cial probe of the illegal export prac­ illegal money transactions had sup­ up in late 1982. Mollemann is good tices of a set of small high-tech com­ plied the ever-wanting Free Demo­ friends with Libya'S number-two man, panies, which 'have delivered sensi­ crats withthe funds the party needed. Col. Abdal Salam Jalloud, whose se­ tive military technologies to Libya. . The Free Democrats, then chaired by cret intelligence apparatus runs mOst The case of former Siemens Cor­ Foreign Minister Genscher, were of Libya's drugs-weapons-terror net­ poration engineer Helmut Lang, spe- . about to break fromthe coalition with work into the West. cializing in militaryelectron ics, is the Chancellor Hefmut Schmidt (Social Jalloud is also in charge of con­ most interesting. Helmut Lang is co­ Democrat), a risky operation certain tacts with Moscow on the militaryand owner of the companies Helasystem to cost the small party supporters, secret intelligence level. Libya's in­ and Orbit, which supply the Ariane members, and funds. terest in Western weapons technolo­ space project and Spacelab with sen­ The revelations to the press cost gies may well be Moscow's interest, sitive missile technologies. The same Mrs. Rech her job with the party, but too, therefore. This congruenceof in­ technologies they also delivered, she found a new careerin the "private terests between Libya and the Soviet however, to Libya's Qaddafi , who industry sector," as could be learned Union makes the · case of Lang and wants to modernize his missile strike in early 1981. It is not yet clear how Mrs. Rech, and their transferring mis­ force, which is now based on the So­ she got into Lang's Orbit, but one the­ sile technologies to Libya throughthe viet Frog and Scud missiles. ory is that the departmentof th� Free Orbit company, even more interest­ Since the late 1970s, Qaddafi has Democrats she was working for until ing.

EIR January 9, 1987 Inteftlational 55 Mrica Report by Thierry Lalevee

Can Qaddafi win in Chad? Dec. 19 for the north, was badly hit The stakes in the Tibesti desert are much more than a few on the way by the Libyan air force. . The deployment by the Libyans of hectares of arid land. ground-to-air missiles makes a new operation of the Transall kind hazard- . ous. Since Dec . 12, one of the bloodie�t ically poison the water-wells and to Washington and Paris especially, episodes in the Libyan occupation of kill the cattle. In the first hours of the have to consider a more directed inter­ northern Chad has opened. Libyan air Libyan offensive, the air force was vention. France's military operation force and artillery have held three of deployed, using napalmbombs against in Chad is still considered "defen­ the main villages of the northern the few desert oases. Observers have sive," but is being forced into a more Chadian region of the Tibesti-Zouar, described the offensive as deliberate . offensive posture. France's dual pow­ Bardai, and Yebbi-Bou-under con- . genocide, as it a,ims at destroying the er between Socialist President Fran­ tinuous bombardment, and have ex­ very basis of the local population's �ois Mitterrand and the conservative tensively used poison gas. survivalin a desert climate. governmentof Jacques Chirac has led The roots of the conflict go back Three weeks later, the Libyans to paralysis. Despite repeated consul­ to September, when Goukouni-Wed­ werevery close to success. Therewere tations between the Chirac govern­ dei, then leader of the Tripoli-based as many as 4,000 Libyan soldiers in ment and U.S. Defense Secretary Chadian opposition movement, Chad. By Dec. 19, two thousand fresh . Weinberger, PresidentMitterrand has GUNT, decided to rally to the defense troops were brought from Libya's imposed a policy of nonintervention. of Chad's President Hissein Habre. southern base of Sebha into northern On Dec. 13, less than 24 hours after After a pitched gun-battle in his Trip­ Chad. Libya took its time in deploying thebeginning of theLibyan offensive, oli residence, Goukouni was wounded a number of its Soviet T-34s. After Mitterrand was telling Egyptian Pres­ and sent to a hospital where he has two Libyan Sukhoi planes were shot ident Hosni Mubarak that France "will been kept under house-arrest ever down on Dec. 12 and 19, it took the not cross the 16th parallel," the unof­ since. However, his followers in the precaution of deploying them at high ficial border between north and south Libyan-occupied part of Chad . re­ .altitude while using some six MI-24 Chad . belled. In fact, it had been thesporadic . "Hind" gunship helicopters to spray Before his departure for his rebellion of his followers against the poison gas. Christmas.holidays on Dec. 23, Mit- outrageous colonial behavior of the Facing such modem weaponry are . terrand restated this policy-an ab­ Libyan occupying forces that prompt­ some 2,000 GUNT guerrillas, located surd policy, considering Tripoli's ed Goukouni's change of mind. In the in the cities of Bardai and Zouar. statements which make it clear that truetradition of slave traders, they had Westernmilitary support has not been through Chad, Paris and Washington begun rounding up Chadian women to . as forthcoming as it should have been. are Qaddafi's real targets. The goal is marrythem by force to theLibyan sol­ On Dec . 17, two French Transall shared by the Soviet propaganda ma­ diers. transportplanes parachuted 12 tons of chine, which once again denounced After several failed attempts at military materiel into the Zouar re­ . the "neo-colonialist" and "imperialist splittingthe GUNT and imposing one gion. This precious aid included Red aims" of the "Western powers, espe­ Acheikh Ibn Omar of a splinter group Eyes and Stinger ground-to-air mis­ cially the United States" on Dec. 27 .. called CDR as its new leader, the Lib­ siles. By Dec. 22, an American com­ Should the status quo be maintained, yans decided to move in. Starting Dec. mitment to deliver up to $15 million Qaddafiwill win. No one has anydoubt 12, they launched several attacks worth of military supplies was concre­ that his victory will be more than a aimed at wiping out the armed sup­ tized, as the firstC- 130 �portplanes few hectares of desert land. It will be porters of Goukouni, as well as rid­ landed in Ndjamena. a psychological victory of prime iJp­ ding the region of the local Toubous Delivering materiel to northern portance. A defeat of Qaddafi could, population altogether. Some 2,000 Chad has proven difficult. Intelli­ on the contrary, reopen the way for members of Qaddafi's "Islamic Le­ gence sources report that a column of troubles at home, and perhaps his gion," led by Col. ArRiffi , moved on the Chadian national armed forces downfall. Those are the stakes in the the guerrillas, and began to systemat- (FANT) which had left Ndjamena on Tibesti desert.

56 International EIR January 9, 1987 Report from Bangkok by Sophie Tanapura

Support grows for Kra Canal additional year of service after retire­ The infrastructure project is gaining support in top military and ment, left active duty this fall, while General Ham resigned from active banking circles. service to run in last July's elections, and is now currently agriculture min­ ister. Enthusiastic support for the proj­ Interest in construction of a major committee. Defense Minister Air ect can also heard from top banking Chief Marshal Panieng Katarat was inteJIlational waterway across .the • quarters, such as Bangkok Bank Pres­ peninsula in southern Thailand, link­ also asked to testify. ident Prasit Kanchanawat, who be­ ing the Gulf of Thailand to the Anda­ In an interview withthe prominent lieves the waterway would give a man Sea-otherwise known as theKra Thai daily Siam Rath, former Su­ healthy boost to the Thai economy. A Canal-is gaining extraordinary mo­ preme Commander Saiyud Kervpol, recent report by the Thai Farmers mentum in the country itself. Th.ai now special adviser to the prime min­ Bank, going against the official line military brass are now openly putting ister, stated, "Stability in the southern that 700,000-800,000 jobs would be their weight behind the project, which region depends on the well-being of available in 1987 because of expected has the potential to transform the the population in that area. If they are growth in the non-agricultural sector, country from a predominantly rural prosperous, they will be loyal to the wamed that Thai workers in the Mid­ economy into an important agro-in­ central government. A big develop­ dle East would soon be returning dustrial power in the region. ment project like the Kra Canal would home, worsening the unemployment Keen to hear what one of the top provide the right impetus. . . . Fear problem. To solve the problem, the military officials presently has to say that the Kra Canal would encourage reportsuggested, "Certain major proj ­ about the previously controversial the secessionist movement in the south ects, such as the EasternSea board De­ project, the Parliamentary Commit­ stems from archaic strategic thinking. velopment Program, the establish­ teee to Study the Kra Canal Proj ect "A 'more modem strategic ap­ ment of the tantalum plant, and the invited Army Commander in Chief proach favors the strengthening of na­ Kra Canal Project, should be imple­ Gen . Chavalit Yongchaiyundh to tes­ tional sovereignty by developing a mented because they will help in­ tifyto the committee on Dec . 17, 1986. strong and prosperous economy. Na­ crease employment opportunities. " Since General Chavalit was in Indo­ tional security problems cannot be The Kra Canal is a trulyexemplary nesia at the time, Maj.-Gen. Panya solved purely by military means. We project of its kind, which would allow Kwanyu, deputy director-general for must also rely on economic develop­ Thailand to play a strategic political civilian affairs for the Royal Thai ment. In fact, to not respond to the and economic role in the region. The Army , spoke in his stead. interest voiced by southern members parliamentary committee will recon­ Panya declared, "Up to now, the of parliament might lead to a misun­ vene on Jan. 15 to study different pos­ Army has only studied the Kra Project derstanding by their constituencies that sible routes. from the narrow , negative point of the central government is not truly Also on the agenda in 1987 is an­ view, i.e ., from the purely strategic concerned about their welfare ." other seminar focusing on the eco­ standpoint and the problem of sending Until recently, active military of­ nomic impact of the overall project to support troopsin an emergency. How­ ficers had to exert extra caution when be organized by the ChulalongKorn ever, the Army generally supports the asked to comment on the canal proj ­ University, The seminar will be held . Kra Project, and will be able to find ect. While Gen. Arthit Karnlang-Ek on Feb. 6-7. Invited to address the substantial data in favor of the proj­ was commander-in-chief of the army seminar are Fusion Energy Founda­ ect. " and supreme commander of thearmed tion Director of Research Uwe Henke According to Wattana Asawa­ forces, the subject was taboo because v. Parpart and a representative of the haen, chairman of the parliamentary of a strong personal, not political, Global Infrastructure Oub of DK-Kai. committee, General Chavalit had conflict between General Arthit and It is expected that, when the parlia­ voiced his enthusiastic support of the Gen. Ham Leelanond, who has re­ ment reconvenes in April, and theKra project in a discussion with him, and peatedly spoken out for the project. question comes up for a vote , the proj­ was again invited to testify before the General Arthit, who benefited from an ect is likely to pass.

EIR January 9, 1987 International 57 International Intelligence

the SAR. ..." reads the article, in refer­ tions-social, economic , and political-that Chinese students ence to the military arm ofthe African Na­ favor one group or nation at the expense of tional Congress. another? Can genuine peace be established defy offi cialban "The patriots are carrying out attacks on without an effective recognition of that military and economic objects of the racists wonderful truth that we are all equal in dig­ Students at Beijing'University, ignoring of­ that are of decisive importance. These in­ nity, equal because we have been formed in ficial threats against illegal campus wall clude the powerful synthetic fuelproduction the image of God who is our Father? ... posters, on Dec . 27 erectednew signs telling clilmplex 'Sasol,' the nuclear center in Ku­ "The unity of the human family has very the government that it should "learn a les­ berg, the military base near Pretoria, and real repercussions for our life and for our son" from the ouster of Ferdinand Marcos . others ....In 1985 alone, they carried out commitment to peace . . . . It means that we "Because Marcos was a dictator, the Phil­ 185 operations, and this year already con­ commit ourselves to a new Solidarity ...a ippine people removed him from office and siderably more. Theircombat troops are now new relationship, the social solidarityof all. brought in a democratic government," said attacking army patrols and army posts , or­ " ...This means promoting effectively one poster. Another poster described eco­ ganizing diversions against railroadlines and and without exception the equal dignity of nomic and social progress in South Korea electrical power stations, and blowing up all as human beings endowed with certain andTaiwan, chiding, "The Communist Par­ important bridges. They have unleashed a fundamental and inalienable human ty should do a betterjob than the Kuomin­ genuine partisan war and have already ac'­ rights.... tang inTaiwan ." cumulated a lot of experience." "Certainly, the continuing problem of Many of the student protesters in China The chief of the South African AirForce , the external debt of many of the developing were trained in the United States, report Lt.-Gen. Denis Earp, said in Namibia Dec. countries could be looked at with new eyes sources. The leader of the student move­ 18 that the major conflict in South Africa is if everyone concerned would consciously ment, Feng Li Zhi, vice-president of the not betweenblack and white. He noted that include those ethical considerations in the China University for Science and Technol­ Moscow is increasingly supporting the ANC evaluations made and the solutions pro­ ogy in Hefei, studied at the Princeton Insti­ in South Africa, and that the ANC's military posed.... tute for Advanced Studies. China sends wing is controlled in toto by an officerof the "There is yet another threat to peace, 10,000students to the United States annual­ KGB . "We are fighting a struggleof life and one that throughout the world saps the very ly. death ," he said. roots of every society: the breakdownof the The protestmovement says that it is fo­ fa mily . The fa mily is the basic cell of soci­ cused on creatingthe conditions for intellec­ ety. The fa mily is the firstplace where de­ tual debate and permitting intellectuals to velopment occurs or does not occur.... take major roles in policy-shaping, as indi­ John Paul: Development {originalem phasisJ ... cated in a recent speech by Feng Li Zhi: needs solidarity "Thoseof us who have worked abroad agree unanimously that the rate of efficiency for Pope John Paul II praised the legacy of Pope individual work is much higher abroad than DidIsraelis kidnap man Paul VI and Populorum Progressio, in his it is here. I myself would estimate that the New Year's Day Address, under the title, ·to hideA -bomb stash? ratio is about five to one in favor of work "Development and Solidarity: two keys to done abroad. Chinese are not stupider than peace." Excerpts follow: Top Italian anti-terrorist investigator Do­ other people. Why can't they do goodwork? "My predecessorPope Paul VI issued an menico Sica has opened an inquiry into . . . I thinkthis must have somethingto do appeal to all people of good will to celebrate claims by Israeli nuclear technician Morde­ with our social environment. . . ." a World Day of Peace on the first day of chai Vanunu before a Jerusalem court on each civil year.... Dec . 21, that the Israeli Mossad abducted Moscow hails terror "1987 also marks the 20th anniversary him in Rome for leaking Israel's secret of the publication of Populorum Progres­ stockpiling of atomic bombs . in South Afri ca sio. This celebrated encyclical of Paul VI Vanunu is imprisoned in Israel awaiting was a solemn appeal for concertedaction in trial on treason and espionage charges. He . ANC terrorism is the key to"liberation" from favor of the integral development of peo­ faces a possible death sentence. apartheid, the Soviet military daily Red Star ples. Paul VI's phrase-'Development is The Sunday Times of London on Oct. 4 wroteon Dec.18. " 'Spearof the Nation'­ the new name for peace'�specifies one of had printed Vanunu's claim that Israel had such is thename of the people's liberation th� keys in our search for peace . Can true secretly stockpiled between 100 and 200 army of South African patriots, which for peaceexist when men, women, and children atom bombs. Italian Prime Minister Bettino 25 years has been leading the armed struggle cannotlive in full human dignity? Can there Craxi said Dec. 23 he was getting no help against the inhuman regime of apartheid in be a lasting peace in a world ruled by rela- from Israel on verifying Vanunu' s claim, an

58 International EIR January 9, 1987 Briefly ·

• 'PROJECT 620' is the code­ name of a new strategicstorage facil­ ity being built in SouthKorea for U.S. weapons, located inside Mount Ken­ allegation which the Israeli ambassador to 18, theAir Force also announced. ren in the city of Kondja, south of Italy urged the Italian governmentto ignore. The AirForce recently moved Airborne Seoul. The People's Korea newspa­ The Israeli government press office an­ Warning and Control System pJ anes per says that the construction is con­ nounced the following day that it would (AWACS) into the areabecause of inCreased nected with the transferto South Ko­ withhold all serviceS it nonnally gives for­ Sovietpresence. rea of U.S. Lance theatre missiles, eign correspondents from the Standard The Air Force and Navy also revealed capable of carrying nuclear andneu­ newspaper of London for reporting Vanu­ plans to install over-the-horizon radar in tron warheads. nu 's claim before the court and violating Alaskato supportfleet operations in theNorth censorship. Pacific. Last August, Navy Secretary John • TWO JUDGES who released Lehman announced a new policy of staging Colombian drug traffickers were sus­ Navy operations in.theNorth Pacific Ocean pended by the appeals court in Santo Bloody riots andBering Sea. Domingo, Dominican Republic and In the North Car(>lina incident, the So­ now face trial . hitHa mburg viet aircraft,after being escortedout of the coastal airzone by U.S. fighter planes, again • TERRORISTS set off acar bomb Bloody mass riots in Hamburg, Germany flew into the air zone and were met by ad­ in front of the Lima, Peru elections left 120.policemen and an equal number of ditional fighters from Langley Air Force board on Dec . 31, hours after it had rioters injured the weekend of Dec. 19. Base, the SelfridgeAir National Guard base been announced that the candidate of About 1 ,200hard-core menmers of "Auton­ . in Michigan, andJacksonvil le, Rodda. This President Alan Garcia's APRA party omous Groups" split offfrom the mass rally was the fifth time this year tIiat U.S. jets had defeated a leftist in a close race of 10,000 "squatters"-illegal, countercul­ have intercepted Soviet jets in the defense for mayor of the capital . Four men in ture house occupiers-and attacked police zone , the AirForce said. a truck opened machine-gun fire on with steel pellets, irons bars, and precision � policeguarding the building. Then

slingshots . a ball of fire shot up threestories as a The rally, a protest against police car exploded, showering debris 70 searches of houses occupiedby the extrem­ Chirac under pressure meters in all directions. ists, was organized by the Green Party, Young Socialists (Social Democratic youth from railstrike • THAILAND'Scabinet ministers group) , and the West German Communist received a New Year's gift of con­ Party . The government of French Premier Jacques doms from the country's top family Following the battles with police, the Chirac was under heavy pressure at year's planning crusader. EConomist Me­ rioters attacked shops and banks, breaking endto end a two-week-old national railroad chai Viravaidya said Prime Minister windows and setting fires. Millions in dam­ strike. Chirac,who canceled a New Year's Prem Tinsulanonda described his ages were reported. vacationin Tunisia,had not intervened pub­ condoms as an"excellent gift."Prem,

licly so far. 65 , is a bachelor. French trade union chiefs on Dec. 30 Soviets intercepted broke off talks to end the strike, after the • ElK CORRESPONDENT Pak­ railway managementrefused toabolish plans dee Tanapura spoke before the Thai in U. S. airspace for a new wage structure. On the following Internal Security Operations Com­ day, they presented their demands to the mand Dec . 26, on the topic of the Four Sovietbombers were intercepted in two independent mediatorby named the govern­ American versus the British system incidents off the Alaskan coast on Dec. 12 ment, Francois Levondes, who says the of economics.

and Dec. 16 and steered away from U.S. government hasgiven hima ''verywide room territory , a spokesman for the Alaska: Air for maneuverwithout any sortof directive. " • NICARAGUAN Foreign Coop­ Command said Dec . 24. The incidents On another front, the government suc­ eration MinisterHenry Ruiz Hernan­ brought to 40 the number of Soviet mi1itary ceeded in winning a pledge from striking dez met with Eduard Shevardnadze aircraft intercepted offthe Alaskan coast this' seamen's unions �. 30 to return to the and other Soviet leaders in Moscow year, up from30 planes intercepted in 1985, negotiat4lg table. Most of the country's at the end of December. A commu­ and 11 Soviet planes intercepted in 1984. merchant marines have �n on strike for nique issued in Managua said, ''The Two Tupelov Tu-95 "Bear" D Soviet threeweeks against government plans to al­ two countries signed economic and reconnaissanceplanes were also intercepted low shipowners to use a Frenchisland in the technical agreements of great impor­ in the U.S. coastal air zone about 80 miles Indian Ocean to register convenience flag tance to both nations ." off Cape Hatteras , North Carolina on Dec. vessels with non-Frenchcrews.

EIR January 9, 1987 International 59 �ITillNational

Iran probe spurs factional warfare in Was hington

by Paul Goldstein

It has become fully evident to the American people and the career advancement, areopposed to Inman. pundits of Washington, D.C. that President Reagan was not Admiral Inman was knownto opposethe manner in which in control of the policy on dealing with Iran nor on how the the so-calltrd Contra policy was designed, especially using decision-making process functioned in the National Security the Shackley apparatus-former Deputy Director of Covert Council. Nonetheless, the intense factionalwarfare over the Operations Theodore Shackley, whose "business" associates control and direction of U.S. policy remains unabated. This and former CIA buddies have beeninvolved fromthe startin politicalwarfare has gone beyond the usual questions of who both the Contra support and Iran arms-for-hostages opera­ did what and when, into which political grouping-the pa­ tions. triotic forces withinthe Reagan administration; or the bank­ Another obstacle to Inman is the President. During his ers' faction-will emerge as thedominant force for the next tenure at CIA, Inman not only had difficultywinning access two years. to Mr. Reagan, but had problems withthe President's judg­ As of the New Year, the institutional forces centered ment about certain policies and operations the Presidentde­ around National Security Adviser Frank Carlucci with pri­ sired. This tension between Inman and Ronald Reagan re­ mary backing from Defense Secretary Caspar Weinberger mains. However, with the CIA again coming under scrutiny have managed to control the dismantling of the old NSC, by Congress and the Independent Counsel for reasonstied to with its secret relationship to the Israelis and factions of the Casey's wheeling and dealing with the National Security Central Intelligence Agency. What this has led to is an on­ Council and the Israelis, the President may seek out Inman going battle to determine the future director of the CIA. to restore the prestige of the CIA with Congress' and the Despite White House denials that no list has been prepared American people. for replacing William Casey who is recuperating froma brain Other contenders arecurrent CIADeputy DirectorRobert tumor operation, one of the key questions to be answered is Gates, U.N. Ambassador VernonWalters , National Security whetherthe "institutional" forces inside the intelligence com­ Agency directorLt .-Gen. William Odom, and an assortment munity would have enough clout to determinethe next direc­ of politicians including ex-Senator Howard Baker and Sen. tor. Malcolm Wallop. The importance of the CIA directorship is The CIA "sweepstakes" is on, and thefol lowing individ­ not to be underestimated, for the choice could determinethe uals arebeing considered for the job. FormerDeputy Director direction of the next two years of Reagan administration of the CIA, Admiral Bobby Ray Inman, is apparently in the policy. running. His asset is thatmany top professionals in the intel­ ligence communitybelieve he couldnow handle thejob which Don Regan and Abshire eluded him the last time around. His 'liability is that certain One of the central mysteriesin the lrangate "soap-opera" forces withinthe CIA and the Republican rightwing fearthat hrwhether Don Regan will survive. Tbe President's chief of what Carluccihas done at NSC, would occur at CIA. For this staff,under attack from day one, is desperately tryingto keep reason, those still inside the Agency who supportedCase y's his job on behalf of theEastern Liberal Establishment's bank­ policy positions on Central America and Iran and received ing interests. But informed sources report that even if Don

60 National EIR January 9, 1987 Regan stays, the overwhelming power that he held for the geted by the liberal press for "impeding or obstructingjus­ last two years will virtually vanish; and that Regan will prob­ tice." As a result of this campaign, Assistant Attorney Gen­ ably be forced to resign because the President hates to fire eral and left-wing sympathizer Stephen Trott has been an­ anyone. Nonetheless, Regan's backers on Wall Street no nounced as theDoJ liaison to Independent Counsel Lawrence longer have theirpast blackmail power over theWhite House, Walsh. after the Ivan Boesky affair and related financial scandal� It According to sources, Trott is now in the crossfire of the may be only a matter of time bd'ore Regan is out and the politicalwarfare . He is involved in thecover-up of theContra power struggle to replace him begins. side of the operation. Along with Criminal Division chief In this context, the appointment of NATO Ambassador William Weld, Trott was responsible for halting an FBI in­ David Abshireto be a cabinet-level specialcounselor to han­ vestigation into illegal supplying of the Contras and various dle "Irangate" is a compromisebetween the bankers' faction assassination plots launched in Miami, especially against the and the "institutional" forces. While informed sources be­ " former U.S. ambassador to Costa Rica Lewis Tambs. lieve that Abshire's appointment is a political dead-end which The original story on thehalting of theinquiry was that will not give him policy-makingpowers , the appointment is Meese, on behalf of John Poindexter, thenNational Security seen by Henry Kissinger's friendsas a foot in the door toget Adviser, asked the U.S. Attorney in Miami to stop for 10 Abshirenamed chief of staff. days the investigation of Southern Air Transport (SAT), a Abshire, a West Point graduate andKorean War veteran , company with former CIA connections and possibly partly helpedto found Georgetown University'S Center for Strateg­ owned by former CIA official Theodore G. Shackley. The ic and International Studies (CSIS). A longtime Kissinger actual delay lasted some 26 days, according to DoJ officials. associate, Abshire was appointed as part of the deal which The restof thestory is a chain-reactionof events which marks brought in Carlucci as NSC director. The Kissinger group a number of DoJ and FBI officials as all complicit in the sees Abshire as key in keeping the lid on the underpinnings cover-up. of the policy which led to Irangate. Abshire's policy orien­ Besides Trottand Weld, thereis the case of FBI Assistant tation has been to place himself as a compromiser between DirectorOliver B. "Buck" Revell. Simultaneous with Meese's the Weinberger group and those representing the outlook of request to Trottand thento Webster,Oliver North,the former Georgia's Trilateral Senator and presidential aspirant, Sam NSC official who was the prime actor in the Irangate affair,. Nunn. madea similarrequest to Revell. Revell, the FBIliaison with In a recentinterview withArmed F orees Journal, NATO the NSC's covert action group, intervened with the FBI of­ Ambassador Abshire opposed ''unilateral troop withdrawal ficials conducting the probe in -Miami. Despite attempts to from Europe" but endorsed the notion of a "European De­ cover up the Miami investigation, Revell was caught with a fense Initiative. " His centristposition keeps him well-placed document proving that North had made the request. Revell forthe bankers ' faction to ensurethat themobilization for the subsequently removed himself fromthe investigation. Strategic Defense Initiative is kept within the limits defined The DoJIFBI internecine warfare is reaching critical mass. by the arms control mafia. Informed sources believe that One of the reasons for FBI director William Webster's de­ without Abshire's·presence, the banker's faction would go layed retirementis to crisis-manage this battle. One groupin all-out to "Watergate" the President. These sources told this theDoJ is determined to get to thebottom of theIranIContra­ writer that the "hemorrhaging" of the "strong presidency" gate scandal and willing to challengethe FBI group linked to would go on unabated. the illegal operation. The backStage battle for Abshire's appointmentwas led Finally, informed sources told EIR that one of the key by Sen. Robert Dole, whose presidential ambitions have weapons in this battle is the infamous Cyrus Hashemi case, much to do with his statements and choices. Dole sees op­ the case of the Iranian intelligence operativeexposed by EIR portuniti�s for getting Wall Streetsupport to undercutVice­ in 1980 for running arms and terrorism, and thenprotected President Bush's front-runner position for the Republican by the Justice Department in an ensuing lawsuit. (EIR law nomination in 1988. Reports of Don Regan's role in Ab­ editor Ed Spannaus has prepared a full dossier on the Hash­ shire's naming, in theDec. 26 Washington Post, werea moYe emi case for the "Irangate" investigation, presented to the by Regan's underlingsto give the appearance of his political Washington press on Jan. 5.) A key indicator of which way clout, accordingto well-placed sources, who say thatRegan the battle is going, will be how the Independent Counsel and hadlittle to do withthe appointment. theselect congressionalcommittees handle this delicate mat­ ter. Justice Departmentwar Sources state that protagonistsof the" Israeli connection" Perhaps the most critical battle is the one raging inside to the illegalarms sales to Iran areespeciall y concernedabout the Department of Justice. Since the appointment of the In­ the Hashemi affair. If this should come out publicly, or be dependent Counsel and the expansion of the counsel's man­ utilized in the right way by the Independent Counsel, the date, the EasternLiberal Establishment is on an all-out drive Eastern Establishment may be in for some significant sur­ to oust Attorney General Edwin MeeSe. Meese is being tar- prises in 1987.

EIR January 9, 1987 National 61 Pro-AIDS lobby moves to weaken child -abuSe laws

by Ira Liebowitz

\ California Attorney-General John Van de Kamp, and his evidence," and media coverage which taints juries and pros­ protege, Los Angeles District-Attorney Ira Reiner-who both ecutors . Reiner's controversial role in the "Virginia Mc­ went to bat for the Hollywood "mafia" in conducting a witch­ Martin PreSchool"child-abuse case is cited as exemplary of hunt against the organizers of the anti-AIDS election initia­ this new "backlash," along withthe highly questionable- shut:' tive, Proposition 64-have now emerged at the forefront of down of the "Jordan, Minnesota child abuse investigation," a national campaign to limit the prosecution of pederasts and a case launched in 1983 by Scott County prosecutor Kathleen child abusers. The Hollywood "mafia"network which helped Morris. (That case's ending involved Minnesota Attomey­ to build the political careersof both Van de Kamp and Reiner, General, Hubert "Skip': Humphrey III.) has been identified as part of the $5 billion-plus-a-year por­ By going national in tbis way, Reiner may have now nography industry, which.was reported and named in detail unintentionally elevated a scandal originating in California, in the 1986 report of the U.S. Attorney-General's Pornogra­ to its proper national arena. phy Commission. According to that report, an organized­ TheWall Street Journalreported Nov. 19 that according crime network uses Hollywood film studios, producers, ac­ to Douglas Besharov, currently of the American Enterprise tors, and paraphernalia, to produce 80-90% of the hard-core Institute, "the public, the policymakers, and the politicians pornography in the United States, including child pornogra­ have overreacted." Exemplary of this, Reiner says the phy. The production of "kiddie porn" is an "industry" that McMartin case "was a mess" and had to be dropped . The closely interfaces child prostitution and cult-linked child abuse Journal also reported-that a national organization called Vic­ rings. tims of Child Abuse Laws (VOCAL)-active in Califgrnia Events since Nov. 4-following the vote on Proposition and originating among parents in Jordan, Minnesota-has 64, an initiative supported by 1988 Democratic presidential formed to assist those unjustly accused of child abuse. (The candidate Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr. , which had become the publication of the pedophile-support group North American target of vitriolic and hysterical attacks in California's top Man-Boy Love Association, NAMBLA, has been very ap-

homosexual pornomagazines-point to the fact that District­ preciative of VOCAL.) _ Attorney Reineris taking his defense of the Hollywood mafia It may be truethat hysteria in certaincases leads to unjust and its homosexual and child pornography industries even accusations, in courts as well as the mass media. However, further. Reiner is appearingin thenational media to denounce the November articles clearly raised this issue to divertatten­ recent prosecutions of child abuse and child sex rings as tion from a more important issue in the McMartin case in "hysteria. " particular: Why wasn't the case pursued along "conspiracy" Follewing the election, DA Reiner stepped into the na­ lines to determine the higher-level networks "sexually ser­ tional limelight on the issue of child-abuse investigations, viced" by what probably amounted to a virtual stable of 350 apparently concerned with exposureof his and Vande Kamp's children on the outskirts of Hollywood? highly questionable record on the issue during the battles The issue escalated in late December with announce­ over Proposition -64. In stories appearing during November ments by the Los Angeles School Board that reports of sex­ in theNew York Times, the Wall Street Journal, and on Mike apuse of students rose 350% last year, and despite effortsby Wallace's "60 Minutes," Reiner appeared to be heading an the LAPD Sex Crimes Unit, Reiner's office is refusing to effort to sell the line that "the nation's growing concernabout prosecute! child-abuse is flawed by an hysterical overreaction." Prose­ Reiner's gambit !tascoincided with a bizarre ploy appar­ cutors are compelled therefore , to drop cases due to "tainied ently aimed at dropping the case against the two remaining

62 National EIR January 9, 1987 defendants in the McMartincase . On Nov. 29, MarciaCham­ "Mavety Media" in New York, with ties to both"Flynt Dis­ bersreported frontpage in the New York Times thatthe Times tributing Co." of Los Angeles, and the infamous "StarDis­ had received a stunning "leak," a 2,000-page transcript on tributors" of New York. The consortium's principals are the McMartin case, containing much evidence damaging to Casey LeeKlinger, George Mavety, LarryFlynt, and Ronald the prosecution's case! This gem was obtained by one AbPy Embinder, who is linked to Thomas Sinopoli. The. latter two Mann, a researcher for the defendants in the case, who, have well known ties to organized crime "families." (Inter­ . posing as a free-lance Hollywood filmproducer working on ested readers will find all the ugly details conceIlling these a book, had obtained the informationfrom a dissident former . individuals by referring to the organized-crime sections of prosecutor from Reiner's office, named Glenn Stevens. Ste­ theReport of the Attorney-General's Pornography Commis­ vens's possible violations of the law are now being investi­ sion.) gated by, you guessed it, Attorney-General Van de Karnp. Then, on Dec. 19, just as the case opened before Judge William R. Pounders in Los Angeles Superior Court, police in Manhattan Beach, California,announced that the original Events since witness in the case, Mrs. Judy Johnson, whose reports of her the Nov. 4 vote on son's I!buse at the school had first alerted authorities to the Proposition 64, the target qfvit riolic ring, had been found dead in her Manhattan Beach home: and hysterical attacks in perhaps murdered to distance incriminating accusations, or California perhaps suicide committed under the heavy media pressure 's top homosexualporno to shut the case. One thing is clear: a coordinated and heavy­ magazines, point to the fa ct that h��ed effort appears to be under way to close this calle, and LosAnge les DA Reiner is taking his pronto. dfifense qfthe Hollywood: mqfia From Proposition 64 to child abuse and its homosexual and child The Van de Kamp-Reiner linka�e between the Proposi­ pornograp hy industries even tion 64battle and theMcMartin case, developedas follows: The Attorney-General' s intention to cover for Hollywood fu rther. Reiner is appearing in the organized crime in the Proposition 64 fightbecame apparent n:ational media to denounce recent Sept. 29, 1986, when California Deputy Attorney-General prosecutions qfchil d abuse and Steven White intervened in the then-ongoing election cam­ paign to announce a high-publicity "investigation" of Prop child sex rings as "hysteria. " 64's supporters , supposedly suspected of a "criminal con­ spiracy" to commit improprieties in the gathering of nearly 700,000 qualifying signatures. Orchestratedat State Senate hearingsin Sacramento, White's announcement immediately The issue of Van de Kamp-Reiner's political protection raised eyebrows because it was obviously timed to divert rolewas first raised in a series of articles appearing Oct. 10, attentionfrom an erupting scandalover a massive, organized­ Oct. 30, andNov . 3 in New Solidarity. Investigators detailed crime-linked funding operation into the $5 million warchest the evidence of apparent protection of the Hollywood mafia of the opponents of Prop 64-the "No to Prop 64/Stop La­ vis-a-vis Proposition 64,and a parallel history of quashing Rouche" coalition. That coalition's leaders included Bruce investigations of child-abuse rings and cults 10 California, Decker,the top "gay affairs"aide to CaliforniaGov . George which arebelieved interfaced to the Hollywood pornography Deukmejian, and Dave Mixner, the former top aide to ex­ "industry. " Gov. Jerry Brown. Detailed were the Van de Kamp-Reiner circle's ties to That same week, the porn'industry had just placed ugly well known Hollywood mafia circles such as the law firm of ads in a groupof slick, hard-corehomosexual pornmagazines Wyman, Bautzer, Hollywood political fixerSidney Korshak, across the country soliciting checks to be mailed to Decker's thePlayboy Foundati on, and so forth. coalition, care ofa group of Los Angeles-based "gay" por­ nography companies. The McMartin PreSchool case Bearing earmarks of a cover for laundering organized­ The same Hollywood film industry that "off-line" pro­ crime money, it was found that behind the operations is a duces the nation's pornography, has also periodically spun consortium that is the largest producer of "gay pornography" out Hollywood-linkedchild-abuse and murdercults , and re­ in the United States. Publishing magazines such as Jock, lated informal rings-all modeled on the infamous case of Torso, and Stars, its corporate names are "Klinger Interna­ the Charles Manson "Helter Skelter" murder conspiracy. tional," and "Varsity Publications" in Los Angeles and Outstanding in the pattern was Reiner's shutdown of the

EIR January 9, 1987 National 63 McMartincase . The New Solidarityseries stated: "In 1983, evidence first cameto light in Los Angeles of an at least lO-year patternof Book Review sexual molestation of pre-schoolyoungsters by staff and oth­ ers, at an exclusive, private Manhattan Beach school named the Virginia McMartin PreSchool. The Los Angeles District­ Attorney at the time, Robert Philibosian, announced that mounting evidence from 350 children, who were telling their parents of incidents of the killing and mutilation of small animals before their eyes, rape , sodomy, and satanic rituals A specious excuse for at the school, amounted to the "largest child sex scandal in the nation." by KathleenKlenetsky "A $4 million investigation was launched by Philibosian, which amassed 540 volumes of evidence through, among other things, systematic interviews with the children, con­ ducted by the prestigious Children's Institute International ' (Cll). Congressional hearings in 1984 even included ground­ How NATO Weakens the West breaking testimony by investigators of the case," which raised by Melvyn Krauss Simon and Schuster, New York 1986 evidence of McMartin-typering tie-ins to internationalchild­ 271 pp, $18.95 kidnaping and sexual-bondage and murder networks. "With the 77-year-old Virginia McMa,rtin and six rela­ tives and teachers under arrest, however, and with 540 vol­ Effortsby pro-Soviet factions in the West to decouple West­ umes of testimony in the hands of the District-Attorney's ernEurope from the United States received a shot in the arm, office, Reiner ," formerly a defense attorneyfor Charles Man­ with the recent publication of Melvyn Krauss's raving attack son cult-killer Linda Van Houten in 1968, "beat Philibosian on the Atlantic Alliance"which calls for "a popular outcry of in the 1984 election for District-Attorney." unprecedented proportions against American defense sup­ "On Jan. 17, 1986, Reiner stunned the law enforcement portof the Europeans." and legal community, by going before Los Angeles Munici­ "The United States must abandon NATO" is the blunt pal Judge Aviva K. Robb to . . . drop charges against all but theme of How NA TO Weakens the West, a book that was two defendants, Peggy McMartinBuckley, 59, forinerdirec­ obviously concocted to convince American conservatives tor, and her son Raymond Buckley, 27. thatwithdrawing all U. S. ground forces is the moral ,. patriotic "Testimony of 350 of thechildren during Reiner's tenure, thing to do. had been whittled down to 14, on the grounds that 100 were . In fact, as military experts such as NATO Supreme Com­ younger than five, and others' testimony had been 'tainted' mander Gen. Bernard Rogers insist, such a move w9uld by leading questions on the parts of investigators, and so ensure a de facto Soviet takeover ofWest em Europe, leaving forth . Following Reiner's announcement, even his assistant, the United States isolated and vulnerable. In an interView Deputy District-Attorney Lael Rubin, told the press, speak­ published in the November issue of Air Force Magazine, ing of the fivedefendants againstwhom chargeswere dropped, Rogers stated, "I can't think of anything that will move the 'I can't say they're not guilty because 1 don't believe that.' Soviets more quickly down that road toward the obj�ctives" "According to Mary Emmons, the director of Cll, who they have set for themselves "than the withdrawal of U.S. opposed Reiner's move, of 400 McMartin children inter­ forces" from Europe. "If the U.S. withdraws 100,000troops viewed by Cll, 350 had 'positive disclosures' of criminal fromEurope , this won't make the West Europeans do more" activity. She also pointedout that in most other investigations in terms of their contributions to NATO; rather, such an outside California, children's videotaped interviews are re­ action "is going to send the kind of message that will lead" gardedby the courts as admissable evidence. the European NATO members "to start to accommodate to "Reiner's decision outraged most of the parents involved. the East." Typical was the comment of · Mary Mae Coffi, who told But Rogers's warningsdon 't faze Krauss one bit. A sen­ reporters: 'Things that my children said they wouldn't have ior fellow at the HooverInstitution, who peddles "freeenter­ said, if they hadn't experienced them, and they hadn't been prise" economics on the side at New York University, KTauss buried there inside.' ignores those whose knowledge of the Europeanmilitary and "There is a systematic patternof protection for this Hol­ political situation far exceeds his own, choosing instead to lywood cult and mafia entity, and its political machine in marshal ahost of specious arguments, all of them tailored to California. The patternwarr ants thorough investigation, and appeal to conservative Republican prejudices, to claim that soon." Reiner's recent actions underscore this. U.S. interests would be best served if Europe, as well as

64 National EIR January 9, 1987 The most outrageously irresponsible part of Krauss's book is his estimate of how the Soviets will react to aU. S. pullout. Based on no evidence whatever, Krauss assures his readers that Moscow will be on "its best behavior" during the period of U.S. withdrawal, "if only to lull the Europeans into a false sense of security." . But what if Moscow doesn't behave? Krauss's response to this question reveals that he not only doesn't give a damn if Europe falls under the Soviet boot, .but would actually disanning NATO prefer that to happen. Admitting the possibility that the Soviets might attack Europe during or immediately after the American pullout, Krauss says that the United States could always return its soldiers to Europe . But earlier in the book, Krauss explicitly

Japan and South Korea, were forced to fend for themselves. I states that the 360,000 American soliders that would be with­ "The United States must abandon NATO neither because drawn would have to be demobilized once they returned to Americans have become anti-European nor that we want to the United States. So just how does Krauss propose to return teach our Alliance partners a lesson, but because the present troops to Europe that no longer exist? That's a question Kra,s system of Westerndeterrence is no longer working," Krauss manages to avoid completely. claims, asserting that a phased withdrawal of all U.S. ground ' Unfortunately, Krauss is not an aberration among con­ troops from Western Europe and South Korea is the only way servative layers: Other representatives of the conservative to convince Japan and Western Europe to beef up their own establishment have recently jumped on the "abandon NATO" defense spending . bandwagon, including William Buckley's Nat io nal Review , Krauss's principal argument rests on the charge that which heaped accolades on Krauss's book, and devot�d its Western Europe and Japan have gotten a "fr�e ride" by de­ Dec. 19 issue to a debate on whether the United States should pending on the United States for the bulk of their military "Exit from NATO." On Jan. 16, the Heritage Foundation defense. By not having to spend as much on m.ilitaryrequire­ will sponsor a luncheon seminar, fe aturing Kr�ss sPeaking ments as the United States, Krauss argues, European coun­ on the horrors of the Atlantic Alliance. tries have been able to create massive welfare states, while How NA TO We ake ns the We st has also gamere� a glow­ Japan has been given the opportunity to develop its economy ing endorsement from Milton Friedman , who calls it "a . to the point where it now threatens America's. splendid book" which "deserves serious consideration by the Krauss also claims that Western Europe's defense de­ powers that be." pendency on the United States has created a situation in which Conservatives and others who are temp�ed by Krauss's Europe is becoming Finlandized. According to this tortured arguments should think long and hard on the fact that Fried­ theory , America's contributions to Europe's defense, espe­ man also ardently believes that all drugs-including heroin cially in the fonn of maintaining its ground troops on Western and cocaine-should be legalized. Those who would benefit European soil, has sapped Europe's will to provide for its from that idiotic policy are the same who would benefitfrom own defense, encouraged it to seek economic accommoda­ aU. S. troop pullout from WesternEurope: Russia's imperial . tion with the Soviet Union, and created an intense anti-Amer­ rulers . ican backlash which is fu eling neutralist tendencies on the "old continent." To top itoff, Krauss argues that the loss of U.S. strategic superiority over the Soviet Union invalidates the nuclear umbrella which the United States has provided Western Eu­ . rope for the last 40 years . Resolving these problems can only be solyed by the total withdrawal of all American ground troops from Western Europe and South Korea. In case· these arguments still fail to persuade conserva­ tives of the case for wrecking NATO, Krauss has a few other lures up his sleeve. Were the United States to abandon NATO, he writes, the money saved could be used to close the U.S. budget deficit, and to underwrite the costs of the Strategic Defense Initiative . Author MelvynKrauss

EIR January 9, 1987 National 65 prior to a political show-trial. The prosecution was unable to convince the jury of Jack's guilt, and after a half-dozen de­ liberations, each ending in a "hung" jury, a mistrial was declared. A second trial was secured by the districtattorn ey's Hulan Jack, civil office. In that trial, Jack was convicted without additional facts, largely by the weight of influence of the testimony of rights hero, dies the infamous New YorIC City Commissioner Robert Moses. Jack continued in his capacity as districtleader and was reelected to' the New York State Assembly in 1968. His by Dennis Speed seniority was considered continuous based on his previous service, and he was immediately given responsible positions FormerManhattan Borough President Hulan Jack, who be­ on several committees. The threat of Jack's reemergence as came the first black American to be elected to major public a significantpolitical force-including the possibility thathe officesince Reconstruction, died on Dec. 19 after a lengthy might wage a successfulNew York mayoral campaign-was and serious illness. He was a leader of the civil rights move­ averted, through a second manufactured scandal, resulting in ment arid a fighterfor universal freedom. his defeat as both district leader and state assemblyman in Hulan E. Jack was born on the Caribbean Island of St. 1972. Lucia, West Indies, on Dec. 29, 1905. His father, a minister Jack was imprisoned for three months in 1973. In his and an activist in the Marcus Garvey movement, brought autobiography, 50 Years a Democrat, Jack states that his Jack to New York City in August 1923. He found immediate wife playedan essential supportiverole for him during these employment, enrolled in the New Yolk EveningHigh School, dark days. Jack then operated in a condition of "semi-retire­ graduated, and later attendedcollege at New York University ment" which was equivalent to intensive activity for a man in the evenings. half his age. He acted as an adviser to innumerable politicians Early experiences with racial discrimination failed to de­ and others, who owe the startof their careersto him. In 1979, ter Jack fromhis commitment to excel. He joined the Dem­ Jack, then assisting in the reelection effort of Jimmy Carter, ocratic Party in 1930, and became a U.S. citizen in 1931. was visited by members of the campaign organization of Despite active racial harassment, he became an essential Lyndon H. LaRouche. A series of discussions ensued over worker for the Democrats, who made significant headway the November-February period, and Mr. Jack visited La­ among the New York City black population with the 1932 Rouche at the latter's campaign residence in 1980. election of FDR. Jack became the Democratic Party candi­ A three-and-a-half-hour discussion was always afterward date for state assembly (14th A.D.) in 1940, and was elected. recalledby Mr. Jack as the source of his subsequent convic­ In 1946, he became a district leader of the party, a post he tion that LaRouche "was the man for our time." Jack offi­ held until 1972. ciallyendorSed LaRouchefor President in August 1980 in a During his firstperiod in the state assembly, Hulan Jack televised address. collaborated with Congressman Adam Clayton Powell in In August 1980, Jack became an advisoryboard member preparing simultaneous national andstate legislation, oppos­ of the National Democratic Policy Committeeupon its incep­ ing the proliferation of marijuana and hard-drugtraf fic. Un­ tion. LaRouche, in a tributeto Hulan Jack, recalled: "He was fortunately, Jack's colleagues failed to act on his and Pow­ for us, 'Mr. Democrat,' whose advice usually prevaileddur­ ell's proposal. The legacy of that inaction is clear in New ing discussions of policy among NDPC leaders." Huran Jack York City and the United States today. was the moving force for the Committee for a New Mrica After serving in the assembly {or 13 years, Jack was Policy of 1980-81. Jack spent approximately a YC1JU" visiting elected Manhattan Borough President in 1954, at that time Africandelegations at the U.N. and in Washington, D.C., to the thirdmost powerful elected officein the United States in organize for advanced technological and agricultural pro­ scope of responsibility. Significant improvements occurred gramsfor Africa. in the infrastructurethe of city of New York during- Jack's Jack became a founder and an executive board member tenure in office. of the Schiller Institute in 1984, journeyingto Europefor the When he refused to surrenderthe administrative powers first time in his life to defend the ideals and principles of the of the office of the borough presiqent, to that of the mayor, Western Alliance. In 1985, he was a participant in the Schill­ at the request of the "good government" reformmovement, er Institute conferenceon St. Augustine helq in Rome, Italy.

Jack was forced out of office througha manufactured scandal. � Throughnearly six decades of public service, HulanJack, His fights with the corrupt real estate and banking interests, a devout Catholic, remained a man dedicated to his family, on behalfof Manhattan's population, rendered it essential to and the Christian ideal of a strongfamily life. Hulan Jack is those irttereststhat Jack be removed. survivedby his wife, Almira, his son, Edwin, his daughter, He took a voluntary leave of absence in January 1960, Julienne, and fivegrandchildr en.

66 National EIR January 9, 1987 Kissinger Watch by M.T. Upharsin

Pina's demand for an investiga­ Dec. 29 for having released two Co­ tion, according to the island's most lombian drug traffickers caught with widely read daily, El Nacional, was 50 kilos of pure cocaine in their truck. A coup threat to the substantiated by the facts contained in Narcotnifico, SA , Dominican Republic? the Spanish edition of EIR's book Dope, Inc., which Cis­ Henry Kissinger always makes a big neros had had banned in Venezuela. The ghost of splash in the Dominican Republic The book documents Cisneros's fam­ Kissinger past when he spends his Christmas vaca­ ily links to international financial cir­ tion with unisex designer Oscar de la cles involved in money laundering. Its Kissinger's memories of Christmas Renta at the resort Gulf and Western authors noted dozens of top Domini­ 1984 may have to do with Tom Brad­ built for them. This. year, however, can officialsscrambling to get original ley, the Amherst graduate placed in the Santo Domingo headlines debated or xeroxed copies ofit. Some, private­ the cottage next to his at the Gulf and whether or not he threatened President ly, saw it as a manual for the war on Western resort. Dominicans remem­ Joaquin Balaguer when they met Dec . drugs President Ronald Reagan re­ ber Kissinger's giving the blessing of 26. quested. the United States to President Jorge's According to El Sol and other pa­ The country was transformed. On surrender to the International Mone­ pers , Kissinger's concern is that the Oct. 7, the police captured a plane tary Fund (IMF) , which has ravaged head of his mutual admiration society with ,3 10 kilos of cocaine, the largest living standards and facilitated the on the island during the past two bust in the Caribbean . The next day, country's takeover by the narcotics . Christmases, then-President Salvador President Balaguer fired the defense mob . Jorge Blanco, is to be tried for "cor­ minister and 23 generals, apparently Kissinger may recall Christmas ruption and prevarication." Jorge's for their role in protecting the island's 1986 for "EI Puma," the young Ven­ circles filled the media Dec . 24 with $9 billion annual narcotics traffic: Gen. ezuelan crooner who sang "Let's Hold headlines that if charges were dropped Antonio Imbert, a national hero for Hands" for him at Oscar de la Renta's against Jorge , his military chief.. and having shot dictator Rafael Trujillo in Christmas bash and who stuck close a disreputable local banker, Kissinger 1961, was brought out of retirement to him the whole time, while Nancy would fightto restore the island's U. S. t9 build a military force not subser­ Kissinger's name was absent from the sugar quota. If not, the nation's insti­ vient to the drug cartel. He swore that social pages. Dominicans, however, tutions would be destabilized and its drugs would be "extirpated to their may remember it as the moment his democracy threatened, Henry report­ roots ." "All men of good conscience magic failed. The liberal daily El Car­ edly menaced. in the country must agree to fight nar­ ibe, never before hostile to Kissinger, Whatever the merits of the Jorge cotics traffic," Imbert demanded. ran a stinging front pageeditorial , Dec. case, the major change in the Domin­ Since that shift, major cocaine sei­ 27, "�at did Kissinger come for?" It ican Republic is that his successor, zures are reported almost every week. said that many people in Balaguer's Balaguer, has launched a war on drugs One plane later found loaded with co­ party think Kissinger should be lis­ in earnest. On Aug. 27 , House Major­ caine was shot down when it refused tened to, because he is "a very influ­ ity Leader Ramon Pina Acevedo de­ to land voluntarily. There had never ential man in the United States." EI manded in the Chamber of Deputies been serious anti-drug actions on the Caribe countered that Kissinger's in­ that therebe a full investigation of why island, even though the migration of fluencederives from his ability to ma­ and how Jorge, as his last act in office, desperate Dominicans to the United nipulate the Reagan administration, awarded "privileged citizenship" to the States made it an ideal "trampoline" but with the administrationin disarray Venezuelan Gustavo Cisneros. "Priv­ for drugs. from Irangate , Kissinger can't prom­ ileged citizenship" gives virtually all The crackdown has also hit narco­ ise or threaten anybody. the rights of Dominican citizenship tolerant judges . Congress passed a law Thepaper commentedthat Kissin­ with none of its responsibilities. Kis­ forbidding those charged with drug ger won't even give you a "hello" for singer had brought Cisneros, a habitue trafficking from being released under free. That afternoon, El Nacional of his Christmas Club, to meet Jorge, Habeas Corpus while the state was agreed with El Caribe, except, it ar­ dangling sugarplums of "new foreign trying to prosecute them. Two judges gued, "Kissinger has been known to . . investment." were put on trial bythe Supreme Court give 'hellos' on credit."

EIR January 9, 1987 National 67 Elephants & Donkeys by Kathleen Klenetsky

support for removing U.S. troops from superpowerrelatio ns. WesternEurope . That night, Hart went on Soviet Over the past two years, the Soviet television to campaign against the SOl, media have showeredHart with favor, insisting that Americans were con­ playing him up as a counterpole to the cerned about space weapons research U.S. "hawks" and "militarists" whom and that "both sides should approach they regularly attack-including space weapons research very careful­ President Reagan, Defense Secretary ly. " "I thinkSOl should not be consid­ Caspar Weinberger, and Democratic ered only from one point of view," presidential candidate Lyndon La­ was the Russian translation of his Mr. Hart goes Rouche. co�ent. Hart told the CBS Morning News to Moscow the next day that he detected flexibility Red carpet treatment Is it now considered de rigeur in lib­ on the partof the Soviets on the matter eral Democratic Partycircles that those In contrast to his trip to Moscow two of testing SOl outside the laboratory, wishing to become President of the years ago , when he spent most of his and said he saw the possibility of a UnitedStates must first receive Mos­ time with mid-level echelons of the breakthroughon arms control. "Ifthere cow's blessing? One could easily reach Soviet bureaucracy; this time Hartwas is agreement on the limits of tests on that conclusion, based on Gary H\Ut's feted by the leading lights of the bu­ space weapons then I think the possi­ mid-December junket to the Soviet reaucracy, and featured in the media. bility exists of a major breakthrough Union. OnDec . 15, Hartspend threehours in armscontrol . . . . I think the Soviet Hart'strip, at the invitation of the with GQrbachov at the Kremlin­ Union is committed to armscontrol as Supreme Soviet, occurred just days twice as long as originally sched­ quickly as possible." afterhe announced the formation of a uled-and emerged spouting the So­ State Department spokesman presidential campaign exploratory viet line on two key areas: the Strateg­ Charles Redman flatly contradicted committee. The chairmen include for­ ic Defense Initiative and the Reykja­ Hart's contention. While there had mer Democratic National Committee vik · summit. He boasted· that he had beena numberof statements by Soviet chairman Charles Manatt, whose law beenreceived very warmlyby the So­ officials, including Gorbachov , de-.. firm hadextensive business dealings viet boss, andthat theting mee showed, signed to show flexibility in Soviet with the Soviet Union; and Rep. Pat ''There is a basis for continued nego­ arms negotiating positions, said Red- . Schroeder(D-Colo .), chief sponsorof tiations" between the superpowers . man, "no such flexibility has been re­

a bill calling for a U.S. troop with­ Hart added that Gorbachov flected at the negotiating table at. Ge- drawal fromEurope . stronglybelieves that the principles of neva." . Hart admitted that he had dis­ his talks with President Reagan at But to Hart, functioning as a So­ cussed his political aspirations with Reykjavik (where Gotbachov de­ viet propaganda vehicle is apparently partychief Mikhail Gorbachov. In re­ mandedthe that U.S. abandonthe SDI) just part ofrunning for the presidency. sponseto reporters' questions whether should form the basis for future ne­ Appearingon ABC-TV's "This Week there had been any discussion of his gotiations. with David Brinkley" Dec. 28, Hart own political future, Hart replied: "Yes On Dec.16, theday Hartmet with praised Gorbachov to the skies. The and no. Let's say I didn't get any en­ Soviet Foreign Minister EduardShev­ Soviet leader is a "modern man" who dorsements. " ardnadze and Anatoli Dobrynin, sec­ is "trying hard" to reform the Soviet While Hart has not yet received retaryof theCommunist PartyCentral system, and wants to redeploy his the slobbering adulation the Soviets Committee, the Soviet propaganda country's resources out of military accorded Walter Mondale during the agency Novosti put out an interview . spending. The United States should 1984 presidential race, the Soviets with Hart headlined: "Moscow visit "applaud and reward" Gorbachov's have been making it quite clear that helped me to understantl Soviet posi­ efforts, especially his release of An­ they strongly approve df many of his tion." It quoted him saying that "seri­ drei Sakharov, andshould ''push hard" positions, particularly his opposition ous and immediatereduction of nucle­ to achieve an · arms-control accord to the Strategic Defense Initiative and ar weapons" is the way to improve based on the Reykjavik discussions.

68 National EIR January 9, 1987 Eyeon Washington by Nicholas F. Benton

terest on the U.S. side. While it was specialists who gathered at the White ostensibly to retaliate against the loss House to hear the briefing piped in of $400million in U. S. grain and corn fromCalifornia broke into guffaws at sorghum exports to Spain when that Yeutter's expense. nation joined the EC in 1986, U.S. u.s. kicks ofTtrade farmers are leery, worried the move will only further hurt their export mar­ Oil producers send war against Europe kets as a result of likely EC reprisals. danger signals TheReagan administration cappedoff American consumers will be de­ 1986 with one of its stupidest moves nied access to a wide array of Euro­ "Domestic PetroleumProduction and of the year: launching trade war with peanproducts , which willtend to cause National Security" is the title of a re­ our European allies. the price of their U.S.-made equiva­ portreleased Dec . 30 by the American Reflecting the disaster of Wall lents to rise. But the worst feature is Petroleum Institute here, warning of Street crony Don Regan's dominant that this move will lead to an all-out dire national security consequences of influence in the White House, the tradewar with our most important al­ the collapsing domestic oil produc­ United States announced prohibitive lies, at a time when the future of the tion. API President Charles DiBono duties on a dozen categories of Euro­ Western alliance hangsby a threaddue blamed administration economic pol­ pean agricultural goods. The goods, to growing Soviet intimidation, polit­ icies for the fact that theUnited States estimated to total $400 million a year ical instability in Europe, and expect­ was moredependent on foreignoil and in trade, were selected to hurt almost ed deep cuts in the U.S. military budg­ gas in November 1986 than it was be­ every nation in the European Com­ et this year. forethe oil crisis of 1973-74. munity (EC). Yeutter seemed to take this pros­ He said that 38% of all domestic The list includes brandy (the sin- . pect in full stride when he announced consumption was from foreign sources gle highest-dollaritem affected) from the move at a briefingin Palm Springs in November, and import of foreign France, gin from Great Britain, olives while the Presidentwas there for New oil l!lld gas rose 23% in 1986, while from Greece, inexpensive white wines Year's. He conceded that a European domestic production spiraled down­ ' from West Germany, Italy, and counter-move would be matched by ward from a 2.9% drop in the third France, cheeses from the Low Coun­ the United States again, and that"this quarter to a 3.1 % drop in the fourth tries, France and Denmark, and canned could escalate into a major disruption quarter. He predicted the new tax re­ hams from Denmark. of international trade." At the State form law will escalate the process this The 200% duty (compared to an Department the next day, spokesman year. "Since it prejudices against all average 15% former duty) is de­ Phyllis Oakley told me, "If the Euro­ capital-intensive industry,it will cost signed, accordingto U.S. Trade Rep­ pean community takes counteraction, us about $10 billion annually in lost resentative Clayton Yeutter, not just it will be considered unilateral, and we investment," DiBono said. to forceup prices, but "to stop trade in will respond in kind." This means that the assumption these commodities dead in their Yeutter, during his Palm Springs upon which Beryl Sprinkel of the tracks." There can be no conceivable · briefing, contradictedhimself and was President's Council of Economic Ad­ political advantage to this, except to unable to even roughly estimate the visers based his rosy projected 3.2% sabotage U.S.-European relations as effect of the move on commodity pric­ growth for 1987 is a chimera. Sprin­ part of a "decoupling" scenario that ing. He first inaccurately stated that kel's optimism is based almost solely will ultimately tear up NATO. the new duty was a 200% increase on the predictionthat the new tax law As one observer noted, the Euro­ above the existing duty level, and then will favorably affect the balance of peanf anner isn't greatlypersuaded one corrected himself half an hour later, trade. DiBono's study proves the op­ way or the other on details of mifitary saying that the 200%duty was relative posite, including the fact that the net components of the alliance, but when not to the existing duty, but to the "ad effect of greater U.S. dependency on the U. S. triesto wreck the marketsfor valorem" price of the commodity. foreign oil will be a dramatic price his agricultural goods, anti-American While his fumbling performance rise, increasing the U.S. bill for for­ sentiment in.Europe soars. passed over most of the regularWhite eign oil by as much as $20 billion a Nor does the move serve any in- House press corps, the economics year.

EIR January 9, 1987 National 69 NationalNews

forward," said an aide to one of them, ac­ seized illegallyduring the Leesburg raid . He cording to the Dec . 31 Washington Post. claimed that the reports reCorded there rep­ The Post also said the trip and resulting resented evidenceof a "conspiracy" to send Reagan administration legislative plans were an indication that witnesses overseas and destroy documents , Wallop and Courter will serve as advisers but thejudge did not find that evidence suf­ to 'phase in' SDI on military issues for a Kemp presidential ficiently"clear and convincing" to show that The Reagan administration is heading to­ run, slated to startearly next year. the community could not be safeguarded. ward a phased, accelerated deployment of Meanwhileta faction fight over how$30 Collings' ruling followed a two-day the Stragegic Defense Initiative (SDI) , rath­ to$50 billion in SOl researchCOntracts will hearingDec . 18 and 19 in which lawyers for er than waiting until an entire system can be be allocated in the next few yearsfinds De­ Spannaus and Greenberg ripped apart the put into place, according to a senior admin­ fense Secretary Caspar Wein�er, NSC credibilityof both FBI specialagent. Richard istration official quoted in the Dec. 31 Los director Frank Carlucci, and the Department Egan, and other g�vernment witnesses. Angeles Times. of Defense pressing for a significantportion Magistrate Collings is the second mag­ The unidentified official said "there is a of the contracts to be given to European, istrate to rule that there was not sufficient change" in the administration's approach to particularly West German, firms. They cite evidence tohold theindividuals charged with both company efficiency and the need to "conspiracy to obstruct justice" in the fed­ the program . "There is a sentiment for doing . as much as we can as soon as we can." The strengthen the alliance. eral government's case against The La­ administration is opting for "a phased de­ An opposing faction, headed by Sen. Rouche Campaign, et al . The first was Phil­ ployment of the entire system. . . . If there John Glenn (D-Ohio), opposes the foreign adelphia magistrate Scuderi, who released is one part, the mid-course defenses, that contracting. Some argue for foreign con­ convicted felon Roy Frankhouser. could be deployed early," he said, the tracts to be given only toBritain and Israel. Other charged individuals had earlier administration is prepared to move in that been released on a partial "work-release" direction. basis. Actions to overturn their detention, While no formal decisions have been partly on the basis of Egan's demonstrated perjury, can be expected in the near future. madeand "there is no change" in Defense Secretary Caspar Weinberger's and Presi­ Judge finally gives bail dent Reagan's "dreamof a full system," the to LaRouche associates administration is willing "to accelerate to­ ward early development" of promising SDl Magistrate Robert Collings Dec . 29 issued segments, said the official, adding, "You'll a formal order, arguing that c�ditions of Du Pont 'heir see that reftected" in the fiscal year 1988 release can be found fortwo LaRouche as­ Defense Department budget. sociates, Robert Greenberg and Edward married in Rome Spannaus, who have been held without bail Lewis du Pont Smith and Andrea Diano, since Dec . 16. The ruling set bailat $25,000 forbidden to marryby a Pennsylvania judge each. who declared the du Pont family heir "in­ The arrest of the two stemmed from the GQmpetent" because of his support-for Lyn­ Legislators visit Oct. 6, 1986 police raid on headquarters of don H. LaRouche, Jr. , were married never­ businesses operated by LaRouche's associ­ theless at a Catholic Church in Rome on SDI facilities ates in. Leesburg, Virginia. They , as three Dec. 14. Senator Malcolm Wallop (R-Wyo.) and others arrested at the time of the raid, are Du Pont Smith has described himself as Representatives Jack Kemp (R-N.Y.) and charged with "conspiracy to obstruct jus­ a "dissident" who was victimized by "KGB Jim Courter (R-N.J.) spent threedays over tice." methods" because of his political beliefs. the Christmas Recess at threeresearch fac il­ The magistrate's ruling went directly Judge Lawrence Wood of Chester County, ities of the Strategic Defense Initiative, and against the argument of Assistant U.S. At­ Pennsylvania, at the bidding of the powerful returned pledging to strengthen the pr0- torney for Massachusetts John Markham, du Pont family , also removed Lewis's con­ gram. who demanded that Greenberg and Span­ trol over $1.2 million in personal assets as They traveled to Huntsville, Alabama, naus be held without bail until trial. Mark­ . partof his ruling. Los Alamos, New Mexico, and Livermore, ham had insisted that the two presented a But on Dec . 14, thedu Pont-Diano wed­ California and, as a result, areplanning to "serious risk of obstruction of justice." In ding occurred in Rome amid- much press co-sponsor legislation in the new Congress effect, the governmentargued that the mag­ publicity ..The ceremony took place at the that would direct the Defense Departmentto istrate should deny bail on the assumption historicRenaissance church Santa Maria del put the necessary equipment in place on an that those charged were already proven Popolo. Among the four witnesses to the accelerated schedule. guilty. ceremo,\v were Lvndon and Helga La­ ''They want to put the program on fast- Markham cited entries in nC?tebooks Rouche. LaRouche, visting France, West

70 National EIR January 9, 1987 Briefly

• SENATORS HEINZ, Bumpers,

Ge1'lIi8JlY, and Italy for a series of high-level • States should enact laws to make it Chafee , and Leahy areportrayed by meetings, timed his arrival in Rome to par­ impossible for candidates who lose a pri­ the Dec. 26 New York Times as a ticipate in the ceremony. mary to run in the general election as inde­ "gang of four" who plan to take mea­ pendents . sures to force the administration into

• States forbidding straight-party vot­ adhering to the SALT II treaty. ing should allow it .

• Congress should increase the money • TERRY DOLAN, former head Brits told of party organizations can contribute to candi­ of the National Conservative Politi­ dates for Congress. calAction Committee (NCPAC), died chaos in Chicago • Television stations should be re­ at the age of 36 of AIDS on Dec. 28. The who once headed thebest­ "Chaos has broken out in the Chicago may­ quired to provide airtime to parties, not just man knownmoney-raising outfit for "con­ oral election, with more than half a dozen candidates, in order to pres�nt party plat­ servatives" was well-known in candidatesmoving fromparty ticket to party . forms. Washington as a habitue ()fgay , ticket to gain control over the United States' "When they areeff ective, parties arean bars but the Washington Times . 30 thinfiargest city," Daily Telegraph corre­ antidote to special interests and a disciplin­ Dec announced simply that he "died Sun­ spondent Martin Ivens told the British pub­ ing force on office holders ," said Mitchell day after a long illness," and quoted lic Dec. 30. Daniels, chief political assistant to President an associate: ''The immediate cause "Chicago's voters still do not know who Reagan. of death was congestive heart fail­ is standing in the Democratic primary in The report warns that without strong February . . . . In the city once ruthlessly parties, therecould be "potentialdislocation ure." dominated by Mayor Daley's streamlined of the political process from the governing ARMS CONTROL is a fraud, Cook County political machine , bitterly di­ process." • says a new study issued by Harvard vided DemQCrats are now s�ding as Re­ The panel is made up of governors , may­ University, the place that created publicans, independents and third-party ors, county officials, state and federal law­ Henry Kissinger and much of the candidates. And some Democrats are even makers , private citizens, and cabinet mem­ "arms-control mafia." The study finds running, possibly temporarily, as Demo­ bers. SALT and related "achievements" a crats .... disaster, and states that Moscow is Of note, the article never mentions Shei­ onlyinterested in armscontrol for the la Dawson Jones, the "LaRouche Demo­ purpose of lulling the West into dis­ crat" running for Chicago Ipayor. It does arming itself. say, however, that a Solidarity Party "was ' Trilateral Cutler blames createdby the Democratic candidate for the • NBC-TV and two of its employ­ Governorship of Illinois State, Mr. Adlai Constitution for Irangate ees, reporter Brian Ross and produc­ Stevenson, when political extremist, Mr .. Lloyd Cutler, the Trilateral Commission er Ira Silverman, have to pay $19 mil­ Lyndon LaRouche, infiltratedtwo of his fol­ member, former chief counsel to President lion in damages to popular singer lowers on Mr. Stevenson's Democratic tick­ Carter, and one of the leading proponents of Wayne Newton. NeWton sued them et." overthrowing the U.S. Constitution with a for using "gestapo tactics" in order to British parliamentary system, claimed . Dec concoct a news story that tied him to 27 that "structural weaknesses in the gov­ an organized-crime figure. The same ernment" were responsible for the Iran cri­ NBC employees were less success­ sis. fully sued for defamation by presi­ Interviewedon "Meet the Press," Cutler Commission wants law dential candidate Lyndon LaRouche said that the enormous growthof staff, with­ in 1984. ch�ges for primaries in the White House and on Capitol Hill, has The Advisory Commission on Intergovern­ led to "a lack of colleagueship an4 consul­ • GEORGE SHULTZ, still U.S. mental Relations hasrecommended the fol­ tation between the President and even the Secretary of State, will meet with lowing chan es in laws "to check the inftu­ congressionalleaders of his own party ," and g Oliver Tambo of South Africa's pro­ ence of special interests and the federal gov­ a greater tendency for Presidents to under­ terrorist African National Congress ernment," says the Dec. 30 Washington take secret policy initiatives. in Washington in January 1987. The Times. The recommendations sound suspi­ "We not a government of separated are meeting hasbeen arranged by theState ciously like a "Stop LaRouche" agenda. powers, but of shared and divided powers ," Department's Michael Armacost, States not allowing parties to endorse Cutler insisted. ''The President cannot act • who met with threeleaders of the So­ a candidate in primary elections should without Congress. Congress cannot act viet-run ANC in Zambiaon Dec . 20. change the law to allow such endorsements. without the president."

ElK January 9, 1987 National 71 Editorial

The year ofthe Constitution

On September 17, 1987, two hundred years will have The American Constitution was presented to the 13 been completed since 39 individuals, assembled at a states at a time of general disintegration of society. convention in Philadelphia, affixed their signatures on Within each state , there were popular rebellions against the text of a document which in the following year the local governments. Among the states, there was became the Constitution of the United States of Amer­ rivalry and disintegration, as 13 local oligarchies were ica. warring both against their own people and against each Since then, this covenant of law has justly been other. called the "grandfather" of every other constitution, Before ratifying the Constitution, each state had to adopted by other nations of the world striving to live weigh a choice between chaos and disintegration and under the rule of liberty and law. In many ways, the "a more perfect union." It was "Necessity informed by adoption of the Constitution of the United States of Reason," as Plato would have put if, which compelled America, has justly been seen as the crowning moment . each of the states , one by one and with varying degrees of the republican struggle which began with Solon of of reluctance , to vote in favor of the text produced by Athens in 599 B.C. and spread, over the centuries, to the Philadelphia Convention. all the lands and nations which eventually Shllped what Many things have been said about this text, and we today call Western Civilization. many theories have been spun out, most missing the With all the superlatives and other expressions of point. Its genius is neither in the so called "separation admiration that this Constitution has enjoyed, it was , at of powers ," nor in the Machiavellian way in �hich it the moment of its birth, and remains to this day , a very created a nation out of playing popular power against fragile achievement. The majority of the persons that the power of individual states' "establishments ," and signed the original document, did so with apprehension the power of elected representatives against that of var­ and misgivings. Most of them were compelled to take ious electorates . Its genius is that it imposed the yoke responsibility for it as a result of Gen. George Wash­ of Reason against the political passions of the moment. ington's most commander-like action, his opening In this sense, the Constitution of the United States is statement to the Convention. In it, he demanded that the instrument which fo rces society and its various seg­ they deliberate to discover not what would be accepta­ ments to succumb to Reason. A Tyranny of ReasQn, so ble to their fellow citizens, but to discover what is to speak, using the ancient name for Liberty. necessary for the survival of their nation. So, this Constitutionis the same thing as the process When those delegates completed their work, they which created it. It is as fragile today, as at the moment dispersed to their various states, with the task of win­ it was signed. Its continuing success depends on one ning over to their Constitution, both the popular mass­ ingredient: A society bound to live under it, must pro­ es, the local political elites, and the various special duce individuals who make it their life's committrnent interes�groups . to discover this Reason, and shout it from the rooftops. James Madison and Alexander Hamilton devised a So long as individuals exist, who discover Reason and campaign strategy which today, in the form of The Truth, and who pledge their"lif e, property , and sac�ed Federalist Papers, constitutes thebasis of constitution­ honor" to Truth's cause, against the vagaries of "pop- al law . Madison's and Hamilton's strategy echoed 111aropinion , " then this Constitution guarantees the suc­ George Washington's original injuction: Don't tell them cessful survival of society. If our society fails to sur­ what they like to hear, tell them what they need to vive, if the Constitution ever falls, it will only be for know , the Truth. lack of such individuals.

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