Report on W. German Elections (See Page 2) THE MILITANT PUBLISHED WEEKLY IN THE INTERESTS OF THE WORKING PEOPLE
Vol. X X I - No. 36 267 N EW YORK, N. Y., MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 9, 1957 PRICE 10c Armed Insurrection Led By Arkansas Governor Does Organized Labor Face Uses State Militia to Bar A "Crisis o f Corruption?" 9 Negro Children from By Joseph Keller Many newspapers took as their Labor Day theme the “crisis of School in Little Rock labor.” As the N. Y. Times put By John Thayer it editorially, unions and union SEPT. 5 — Troops of the Arkansas National Guard ism “are facing one of the with clubs, carbines, armored vehicles and jeeps yesterday greatest crises in their his tory. . . The crisis of today is surrounded Central High School in Little Rock to prevent corruption.” The N. Y. Post entry of nine Negro students. $ ------found Labor Day ‘shadowed by Thus did Governor Orval Faubus >• w _ . “the modern troubles that haunt directly and deliberately flout N. Y. Teachers Urge labor’s house — troubles a federal court ordeer backing dramatized by the exposure of the school board’s gradual and Labor to Run Slate the squalid operations of Dave token integration program. His Beck, Jimmy Hoffa and other action amounted to armed in A proposal for labor to run dubious characters. . surrection against the federal candidates for Congress was Corruption and racketeering government, including the U.S. made to the convention of the were likewise a principal theme Supreme Court, American Association of of top union spokesmen. AFL- The response of President Teachers held in Chicago last CIO President George Meany Eisenhower, who by law is month. The proposal, an Congress Ends Session The Unholy Bloc amendment to a resolution voiced the official attitude oV his AFL-CIO president George charged with enforcement of the organization to the attempts .n Meany and UAW president orders of the federal courts c o n d emning Congressional failure to pass the school-aid Of Dixiecrats the Senate to smear the whole Walter Reuther (left). Reuther when they are defied, was to labor movement as “corrupt” back away from the issue and bill, was sponsored byi the also heads the Industrial Union With Police-State Law and to pave the way for more make excuses fo r the white- New York City delegation. It Department of the AFL-CIO. called for the AFL-CIO Com By Myra Tanner Weiss _ And Liberals restrictive labor legislation. supremacists. Queried at his By George La van“ ” Meany said: “We can and we w ill Sept. 3 press conference about mittee on Political Education The firs t session of the 85th Congress ended Aug. 30. expel from our ranks organiza Gov. Faubus’ use of the Na to sponsor labor candidates to Congress won’t reconvene, until Jan. 7. Long vacations Perhaps there has nevci*1 been tions . . . found by public in tional Guard to overrule the oppose Congressmen who had fc\r tnany Congressmen will include travel to all parts of in recent times a better dem vestigatory bodies to be sub Frame-Up in T-H Case federal court, Eisenhower re voted against school aid. The onstration of complete lack of amendment failed. It was op the world. at taxpayers’ expense, *>• stantially influenced . . . by fused to be more definite than blank check on war-m aking principle and cynical maneuver corrupt elements or indivi saying the Justice Department posed by national union of on bonanzas called “inspection ficers who claimed that the tows.” powers in the Mideast. He got it. ing than that given by/the Re duals.” would “study” the case. publican and Democratic'; politi Seen in Gov’t Reply Teachers Union was not in Did the Congressmen earn The “Eisenhower Doctrine” He said fu rth er th at “there -is cians on the civil-rights bill. The By Jean Simon PRESIDENT’S EXCUSE position to call for a labor tleir pay ? Big- Business should quickly demonstrated its reac no room in the labor movement spectacle was unedityirig ' but He then added: “Now time and party now. ilink so. But workers, farmers, tionary character . when U.S. for those who betray their CLEVELAND, Aug. 28— On Aug. 19. after obtain enlightening. again a number of people — I .tudents, teachers, the Negro armed forces moved in to back trust . . .embezzle union funds ing two extensions of time, U.S. Attorney Sumner Canary among them — have argued that jeople and all others who want Husseins overthrow of the The desire of the D$ep . .South . . . make common cau.e with They are very strong emo finally submitted the government’s “ bill of particulars'’ you cannot change people’s ^quality and freedom got nothin, democratically elected parliament senators to. get the bill passed gangsters and racketeers. . . ” tions. . .” in the Ohio Taft-Hartley “eon-a>- hearts merely by laws. Laws are or next to nothing. • of Jordan. as a “good bargain11’’ and to get In using and thus dignifying Between the . saber - rattling bhe civil-rights issue thus buried GIVE AID TO SMEAR spiracy” case. In the case, Fred I partially granted pre-trial mo- presumably — express the con the hate-mongers’ term “mon- The session ended with a bill opening and the police-state for the . coming Congressional Why should this attempt by Haug, Marie Haug, Eric Rein- tions of the defendants for a science of a nation and its grelization,” Eisenhower was not to shield secret FBI files from ci.osing of the session, Congress year was illustrated by their anti-labor Senators to smear the thaler—prominent local unionists (bill of particulars. Here are the determination or will to do only insulting millions of Amer inspection in court room. It prepared for passage of anti- f u r y at Senator Strom Thur union movement constitute a and five other .persons are ac items he ruled the government something. But the laws here are icans but the majority of the restricted last June’s Supreme . , . , ...... „ „ j . . • x. i l , union legislation with the Senate mond (D-S. C.) for i liis last- “crisis” of historic proportions? cused of having conspired to would1 have to specify and Ca to be executed gradually. . world’s population, which is Court decision in the Je n c ks i^ ______»:______r
•oMMrlptioti tft per r * * r •Igne« ertJolee by oontrtn atora do not neoesse ri ly rep 41.00 for « mont!n Por*lro ; resent The M ilita n t’s policies 40.90 per year ; | 2.äo ror 0 rn t M U IT A W T These e re expresse« in lie editorials. W. German Election Campaign month*. Canadian : $8.50 per Published Weekly in the Interests of the Working People (•¡federation (known as the DGB) dates who “stand for the in fe a r; |1.75 for 8 months. THE MILITANT PUBLISHING ASSOCIATION “ Entered as second class By John Black complete lack of figh ting leader-!«)- Bandle Ordf*r* : B or mor® 116 University Pl., N . Y. 3. N . Y. Phoaet AJL 5-746« m atter llàrc h 7, 194« at i&e ship from the to,p of the organ is a peculiar one. The federa^ terests of employees, pensioners ooples 6c ©«oh tn U.S., To Post Office at New ISTork» GERMANY — Only two weeks ization. Even the reformist rank- tion is the result of the fusion and war victims.” It followed the Rilitfcr: I)A .VIISL ROBERTS N.T., under the act of March •*oh in foreign oountiie*. remain until election day. Up and-filers are impatient with the of the previous separate Catholic call with a series of demands Business Mannfter: FRANGES JAMES t, 1879." to now, there is very little ex lack of push and the constant and Social Democratic unions. on the coming parliament. These citement and oniy limited in The Church is strongly behind Vol. X X I - No. 36 Monday, September 9, 1957 vacillation of the tops on all follow closely the election pro ■ terest in the population of West vital questions. the CDU and the overwhelming mises of the SPD. Germany, if one can judge by majority of the rank and file impressions. In so fa r as they BATTLE OF POSTERS support the SPD. The union of INFLATION had one at all, the general With very few election rallies ficials are afraid to openly sup DGB executive board member A Vital Case for Labor strategy of the Social Democrats as yet, the campaign consists port the SPD election platform Rosenberg stated that Adenauer (SPD) was to start the cam of the battle of posters. These had, made a temporary price-stop - ernment prosecutors have only to reach for f6ar of opening internal war The latest developments in the Ohio paign early and to wind up are pasted on all available in the union leadership. agreement w ith the heads of Taft-Hartley conspiracy indictment are into their stable of paid informers and strong near the end of the walls and billboards, space ’ A conversation I had with a various industries and that reported elsewhere in this issue. W hat is come up w ith someone who w ill swear electioneering. The opinion of rented by the political parties. trade union official in the further price inflation was'fully involved in this case? In the first place that the unionist in question was a mem many p arty m ilitants is that The attitude of the local SPD magnificent DGB building in prepared in steel, furniture, SPD leader. Ollenhauer’s rally shoes, coal and in several branch there is the question of the non-Com- ber of the Communist Party at the same officials iCan easily be measured F ra n k fu rt was interrupted sev Which launched the campaign by the character of the posters eral times' by phone calls from es of agricultural goods. The un munist provision of the Taft-Hartley act time he was a union official. was too early, and that a slump employed and the imagination different parts of the country ions have warned that price .n- itself. In the Ohio case an additional element in the middle of the campaign employed in displaying them. and from various press services creases would hit the ¡population as involved. Only two of the eight gave Chancellor Adenauer’s Where the SPD leadership is seeking clarification on a speech immediately after the election. A There is no way to ju s tify this provi Christian Democratic Union new series of wage demands were defendants are accused of having fa l more to the left, posters con this official had made the night sion — from any point of view — without (CDU) the opportunity to reach demn Adenauer for permitting before. Himself a member of the hinted at by the union officials abandoning the principles of democracy. sified T-H affidavits. Five of the defen- the population with its satura atomic rearmament and remili SPD fo r well over 30 years, he if this should take place: I t is nothing less than a declaration in law dents have not even been union officials tion propaganda. tarization in Germany. The ERICH OLLENHAUER had addressed a closed meeting It is not likely that the SPD w ill find it possible to develop that the ranks of the unions are not to be during the T-H period. They are alleged More important is the unwil more conservative districts of of SPD members on the subject the SPD Concentrate on such of the election. Reporters had a new wave of initiative as they Communist Party members who are sup lingness -or perhaps the inability fight. All roads leading into trusted with choosing their officials and inane slogans as “ F air Election spotted him there and that morn did at the very beginning of the of the party leadership to ¡town carry posters putting the that the government has the right to veto posed to have associated w ith the union Campaigns.” ing’s newspaper carried a story campaign. At that time, Adenauer mobilize the ranks of the party blame for high prices on the officials. On that basis all eight are which left open to speculation was on the defensive about such the results of union elections. for any kind of activity. To the' In the Rhine Ruhr towns, big-business Adenauer coalition, whether he had spoken in the questions as atomic arms on Ger •accused of “ conspiring” to fa lsify T a ft- extent that election activity is where the congenital Social and next to the Adenauer post A fte r all, who has the rig h t to decide name of the union or as an in man soil, rem ilitarization, and Hartley affidavits. Thus the government carried on, it is at the initiative Democratic compromisers face ers, which read “Those who think who the officers of a union should be, the dividual. Forces anxious to pro the cold w ar policy of his foreign of local functionaries who are- the whiplash of réaction from yote CDU,” there appear SPD is attempting to use the T-H provisions voke a split along religious lines minister, Brentano. The oppor workers who are members of the union, anxious to press forward. There clerical authoritarian forces,, the posters declaring “Those who to attack free association in general and are constantly at work. An tunity was there, and a great or government officials — most of whom is deep dissatisfaction at the local organizations put up a think further vote SPD.” illustration of the situation deal) of discussion is going on in to provide an additional weapon in the Frankfurt-on-the-Main, has a are direct agents, o f the employers!? facing the SPD elements in the all circles of the labor movement witch hunt outside the unions. Social Democratic administration To allow the capitalist government to DGB is the fact that in one area about the failure of the party and lies in the Social Democratic ' A. successful defense against the Ohio of Hessen both SPD and CDU tops to give fighting leadership exercise any kind of veto over union af state of Hessen. On my way to T-H “conspiracy” 'indictment would be a Trotsky’s ‘Revolution Betrayed’ candidates are members of the to this campaign — a campaign the. SPD headquarters there I fairs is to allow a step toward controlled trade union federation. which will decide the future of timely set-back to the witch-hunters and had to pass the old City Opera unions and the police state. One month before the election, the German labor movement in an important part of the defense of the Is Marxist Classic Says Deutscher House, one of the few buildings vyhich will take place Sept. 15, the coming years and which has In addition, the provision gives anti labor movement as a whole against a in town which has not been re A review of Leon Trotsky’s The Revolution Betrayed by the DGB leadership published a the opportunity to change the built. Bombed out and burned labor government officials a weapon mounting government attack. Isaac Deutscher appeared in ' the Aug. 24 New Statesman, a call for the election of candi balance of power in Europe. which can be used to harrass any union Money, which is badly needed fo r legal leading British weekly. Trotsky’s book was recently reprinted' to a mere shell, it stands in the by fioneer Publishers in New York. busiest part of town like a monu official that doesn’t toe the line that expenses in the case o f the three indicted “ . . . New attempts [by the Soviet government] to lay ment to man’s destructive power. the present rulers of this country consider unionists can be sent to the R-H Defense Trotsky's ghost,” says Deutscher, “do not alter the fact — While crossing the opera square, acceptable. The jailing of militant union Fund, Tom Degnan, Treasurer, 1205 :ndeed they confirm it — that a netv generation of the Soviet I glanced at one of the walls ists by means of the frame-up is a device Superior Ave., Cleveland, Ohio. For the intelligentsia are grappling with the significance of Trotsky’s and was surprised and shocked Reprint Leon Trotskys to see a picture of the late Adolf as old as the labor movement. The T-H struggle against Stalin and with, its relevahce to the prob other five defendants a!id may be sent to lems of the post-Stal’n era. . . . H itle r staring a t me — his provision is particularly suited to this the Committee for Taft-Hartley Defen “The Revolution Betrayed remains a classic of Marxist hypnotic eyes and the jetblack kind of anti-labor attack. In order to dants, 2014 E. 105 St., Room 202 Cleve literature. . . . What gives to The Revolution Betrayed its hair hanging over his forehead 3rd Inti After Lenin establish some kind o f a case, the gov land 6, Ohio. weight as a document of our time is the masterly critical and that little mustache under panorama of Stalinist society during its early and middle his nose. THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL AFTER LENIN by Leon Trot periods which Leon Trotsky drew here. Wh’le thé polemicist The inscription on the poster sky. Pioneer Publishers, 116 University PI., New York 3, N. Y. denounces the ‘plots’ of the bureaucracy and, above all, of said: Vote CDU. It took me a 400 pages. Cloth: $4.00. Paper: $2.50.' The Police-State Liberals Stalin, the sociologist sees Stalinism and its growth as a few seconds to realize th at this Elsewhere in this issue of the Militant-is a report of Within a matter of weeks the liberal historical process determined by objective circumstances, by was a standard CDU poster pic reconcile their vote switch. Senator the isolation of the Russian revolution and the appalling pov ture of Chancellor Adenauer the recent Moscow Youth Festival. Several times in this Democrats in Congress twice bent their Clark (D.-Penn.) tried to get by with erty and backwardness of the environment in which the fitst which had been cleverly defaced account the author tells of the keen interest of Soviet by some enterprising, opponent. supple spines to reactionary pressures. saying that he had doubts about the con 'workers’ state’’ had set out to build Socialism.” youth in the events of the 1920’s. ^>- Hessen SPD officials told me Long claiming to champion civil rights, stitutionality of the bill, “ but I shall vote In his review, Deutscher continues to disagree* with T ro t This is not surprising for it was the firs t time in 1924, is at the later that very little campaign sky as to the necessity of a workers’ revolution rather than iii that decade th at Stalin came core o-f the programmatic strug especially during election campaigns, they for it with the conviction that . . . if it ing was taking place until thé of reform to do away w’ith Stalinism, “But history is already to power. gle. To read tikis polemic now, ■ joined the Dixiecrats when the fight violates due process, we can leave that last few days of the campaign proving Trotsky profoundly right in this his inspired prophe The 20th Congress of the almost three decades a fte r it was actually on. They helped to cripple ih their area. But some enthu toi the courts.” sy : ‘ . the actual establishment of a socialist society can CPSU in 1956 destroyed the was written, is to see the power siastic socialist youth had gone the last remaining enforcement provision Actually, the phenomenon of liberal and will be achieved, not by. these humiliating measures of Stalin myth. In its place stood of ideas — and afëo the disas- out one night and gone to work of the civil-rights bill. Democrats buckling whenever the pres a backward capitalism, to which the Soviet government is great, glaring questions. Where ters that result from false theo- resorting, but by methods more worthy of a liberated hu on their opponents’’ posters with did the road of Lenin end ’ and lies. Then, in the final days in Congress,., sure is. on is aln old story. And so is the manity and above all not urnder the whip of a bureau- out the OK of the SPD organ where did the course of Stalin In his criticism of Stalin’s after a show of resistance, the liberal cracv.’ ” ization. union of Southern Democrats and North draft program, for example, The role of the trade union begin? How was Soviet demo Democrats buckled to the pressure of the ern liberals for the political expediency of cracy — the greatest ever seen Trotsky comibatted a conception administration and voted for the FBI- party considerations. But the political in history — destroyed and how of fascism that five years later file bill demanded by the Justice Depart atmosphere in America is changing. The did a police dictatorship take was to result in the defeat of ment. The vote in the Senalté was 72-2. demand for restoration of civil liberties, its place? Did the Marxists an the .powerful German Commun ticipate this development? Did ist Party and tihe victory of Only Estes Kefauver, unexpectedly, and ... Crisis of Corruption like the demand for civil rights, is grow anyone see the danger? Did Hitler. “The leadership of the Senator 'Langer (R.-N.D.) voted against ing strong. (Continued from page 1) restraining the union membsrs an example from the founding anyone combat it? Comintern,” Trotsky said, “set the bill. Under these circumstances the capitula 1,500,000 guiltless members of the in the event of increasing convention of the Steelworkers These and many other ques up tihe senseless and over-sim economic pressure. The corrup Union in M ay 1942. The steel Earlier, the Senate had passed a b ill tion of the liberals becomes obnoxious to teamsters union along with a tions are uppermost in the plified contention of the identi few corrupt top officials. tion smear is a stage in t-hr workers had been led fo r six ty of the social democracy with sponsored by Sen. O’Mahoney (D.-Wyo.) minds of Communist youth and many who have traditionally supported preparation for more govern years by a CIO-appointed Or workers, not only in the Soviet Fascism.” This false view serv — a prominent liberal — that fell short the labor alliance with the Democratic FACTS LONG KNOWN ment intervention and repression ganizing Committee which tihey Union, tout throughout the ed to hopelessly divide the Ger of fully satisfying the FBI. Some protec Party. Meajny, Rei^ther, and yes, the N either Meany, Reuther and against the unions. had never voted for and which world. In the search for the man workers in the face of the tion provided by the Supreme Court deci Communist Party leadership should take Dubinsky nor the investigating Union leaders like Meany, was bound by no constitutional •answers to these questions, Nazi storm-troopers. And Hit Senators are dealing with a .now sion in the Jencks’ case remained. Dubinsky and Reuther accept restrictions. When, the late Phil Trotsky’s work, The Third In ler walked' into power without note. The successful union of Dixiecrats condition in the unions. The the “right” of government ip Murray, who then headed the ternational After Lenin, re-is a struggle. The liberals in the Hous'e unsuccessfully and liberate in this session of Congress facts about Beck’s activities, for bodies, which ate nothing more Committee, finally decided the sued by Pioneer Publishers, is Unfortunately the contents of attempted to counterpose the Senate bill will create a breach between the workers instance, have long been public than agencies of the capitalists, time was ripe to set up an in indispensable. this book are still not available to the one demanded by the Administra and the Democratic Party, just as the property. The present editor of to probe and pry into the unions ternational union, his major con In tth'is book is to be found in the Soviet Union. But now the Militant, Daniel Roberts, A t the same time, they sense the cern was to prevent the slightest tion. The two bills were then sent to con civil rights sell-out has shai-pened the the criticism of the Left Op that it is once more available wrote an extensive article on axe is being s‘.*rpened for them quiver of opposition. In his key position to the draft program of in English, and despite all ference for reconciliation. After a very breach between the Negro people and the Beck, in the Dec. 1950 Fourth selves, too. They hope to avert note address, he openly threat the Communist International, pre language barriers, Trotsky’s brief and secret deliberation an entirely Democrats. International magazine, which the blow by a show of support ened the ranks: “I shall fig h t pared by S;talin for the Sixth book will find its way to those new bill emerged that gave the FBI every The demand for the building of an contained more devastating for the Senators’ alleged aims any attempt that is made to W orld Congress in 1928. The in every country who are search details about Beck than anything to halt anion “corruption.” have little back-room caucuses thing it wanted. independent labor party will be listened fundamental theoretical ques ing for answers. The second the. Senators can claim to have while this convention is going tions that marked Stalin’s de The liberal Democrats, w ithout even THE REAL CRISIS edition will prove an even more to with eVer-more sympathetic ears. uncovered. on. So if any of the boys are parture from Marxism and powerful weapon in the strug There is a real crisis of labor, seeing the new bill, voted for it. Some Those who counsel “ expediency” over We don’t know if Meany or thinking right now of mid-night Leninism are submitted toy gle for Marxism than the first however, but it is not new and very fancy explaining had to be done to the Senators read Roberts’ sessions in strange places in the Trotsky to searching examina — for it can no longer be e f principle will not be heard. doesn’t involve corruption in the article when it appeared. It city of Cleveland, just begin to tion and polemic. fectively forbidden. would have made no difference sense of robbing the union till forget about it rigtht now.” (Stalin’s theory of “ socialism to them. In 1950, different con or collusion with known gang The delegates did forget about in one country,” advanced for — C. R. Hubbard ditions prevailed and the Senate sters. I t does involve another it too. A double line of Murray’s was engaged in a witch-hunt form of corruption, more per big goons flanked the delegates against “reds.” Union officials vasive, more entrenched and, in as they walked through the lob Beck, Meany, Dubinsky and the long run, more dangerous by into the convention hall, Books and Pamphlets and Costly to the workers. Reuther included, were engaged which was surrounded by even ..Armed Insurrection A Reuther, who gets a “mere” in their" own hue and cry against bigger goons. Davies, a INbrth Dakotan tem $22,000 salary per year, is cor “communists.” But the late Sen. porarily filling a vacancy in the rupted by other inducements. UNION DEMOCRACY Southern Democrat, reelected McCarthy had provided the Arkansas district, ordered the “Fame Is the Spur” is the title last year with AFL-CIO and preliminary to a drive against From tap to bottom, the labor children to school. of a British movie which por (bureaucracy aims to stifle union much Negro support. He ap By Leon Trotsky organized labor as such. On Sept. 4 the Negro children trayed the rise of an English peared last week in a! state court Senate anti-labor leaders democracy. It is only by pre labor leader who betrays the to aid a white-supremacist courageously braved an insult decided the tim e was ripe this venting the ranks from speak workers so that the king might leader get an injunction against ing, threatening mob. Gov. year. First of all, they have in ing up and acting on their own honor him with a “Sir” before school integration. This was Faubus’ troops barred their -The Third International After Lenin -Lessons of Spain — the Last Warning .25 mind the very real possibility behalf that class-collatooration his name. In America, top labor granted but the federal court entry thus ihaking crystal clear (New Edition) Cloth $4.00 -The Class Nature of the Soviet State .25 of an economic srisn, in which policies can be enforced. The la leaders not only get salaries in declared its power superseded a the Governor’s defiance of the paper 2.50 -T h e ir Morals and Ours .25 event the capitalists would seek bor bureaucracy loots mere m:l- the upper five per cent of the state-court injunction and or injunction. -The Revolution Betrayed -Leon Sedoff — Written on the Death of to throw the full burden of a lions from union funds in the income brackets but they become dered the integration to proceed. Gov. Faubus is now in con paper 2.00 His Son .25 recession or depression on the form of high , salaries, padded ex recognized public figures. Their pense accounts and even a bit Faubus then went on TV to tempt of court and is liable to -The First Five Years of the Communist -Marxism and Science .15 workers. utterances make newspaper head of light-fingered dipping into claim th at bloodshed was im imprisonment. Moreover, he is International Vol. I cloth 3.50 -Stalinism and Bolshevism .15 FEAR UNION RANKS lines. They speak on radio ¿nd treasuries. But in terms of loss pending, th a t there had been a subject to indictment for violat Vol. I I paper 8.00 -Lenin (An article and two speeches) .15 ing a federal statute against But, today, the employers and TV. They get to shake hands of potential wage gains the run on stores selling knives and -The Permanent Revolution cloth 3.50 -The Russian Revolution (Speech to depriving citizens of their legal their political agents confront a with the President. Politicians workers pay billions annually guns, and that therefore he was Copenhagen students) .15 rights. Finally, Eisenhower has -In Defense of Marxism cloth 2.50 massive labor movement which, compete for their favors. In for the existence of this bureau ordering the National Guard to the power to order federal troops -Stalin’s Frame-Up System ,, -Fascism: What It Is — How to Fight) It .15 in spite of its leadership, private conferences, a Ford cracy. surround the school. to uphold law in Arkansas. and the Moscow Trials 3.00 -T he Paris Commune .15 possesses an immense combative might call a Reuther “Walter” The fight for union democracy The Arkansas Gazette, lead The course of action the Big -T h e October Revolution 1.00 -The Communist Manifesto Today (On the potential. While strikes appear and a Reuther might call a Ford and a class-struggle program, ing newspaper of Little Rock, Business government in Wash -T h e New Course .50 90th Anniversary of the Manifesto) .10 on the decline this year, largely “Henry.” which is a fight to oust the interviewed the city’s store- ington would take if property -Europe and America .50 as the result of union contracts The essence of this corruption whole bureaucratic class-colla- keepers and found that none had rights were at stake is obvious. -Marxism and the United States .35 PIONEER POCKET LIBRARY EDITION still in force from previous is class collaboration. I t is based borationist leadership, would also experienced an unusual sale of But it will take mass pressure —1905 — Before and A fte r .35 years, last year the giant steel on the false belief that the in bring with its victory the elimi knives or guns. Other scare to move the White House to -1905 — Results and Perspectives .35 Each 25 cents industry, Westinghouse Corpora terests of labor and capital are, nation of the outright crooks and stories told by Faubus to cover uphold the human rights of the -W h a t is a Peace Program? tion and many other industries if not identical, at least similar. racketeers. That is a solution to his iilegal act and to whip up Negro children of Arkansas. (Compilation from 1915 to 1918) .25 -The Death Agony of Capitalism ahd corporations were shut down The average top union offi Corruption in the unions that the racists have also been ex —Draft Program of the Communist -The Suppressed Testament of Lenin by strikes. cial draws down a guaranteed neither the Senators and corpo posed as lies. \ International .25 -The Kirov Assassination The employer class places less annual salary of anywhere rations nor Meany, Dubinsky and FORCE AND VIOLENCE BOOKS - PAMPHLETS rfelian^p on the union leaders to from $2i0,000 to $50,000 a year, Reuther would welcome. effectively “police” the unions, plus expense accounts. He, nat Local authorities had not re On Socialism to curb the militant ranks, water urally, feels closer in class spir quested the troops. In fact, the Order from Introductory Offer and the Labor down wage and hour demands it to the employers and their L ittle Rock school board had and, in general, insure that the political agencies than to the Three-Month Subscription made the decision to integrate. Movement Pioneer Publishers unions do not press beyond the workers. These union officials To the Militant When the L ittle Rock school Order Free Catalog from: point o* permitting the capital remain in power through or board retreated under the Gov PIONEER PUBLISHER Only 50 cents ernor's threats of force and 116 U niversity Place New York 3, N.Y. ists to get their usual “reason ganized machines of well-paid 116 U niversity Place 116 University Place . violence, and directed the nine able” profits» The corporation--; dependents \viho crush and si New York 3, N . Y. have little confidence that the lence opposition. New York 3, N .Y . Negro students not to report to union officials are eapablte of In this connection} I recall school, Federal Judge Ronald N. Chicago NAACP Plans rac MILITANT Return to Calumet Park VOLUME X X I MONDAY, SEPT. 9, 1957 N U M B E R 36 CHICAGO, Sept, 2 — A mrss the audience because he was out 1,000, was called by the Co meeting held yesterday marks of town. It said: “The NAACP is ordinating Council for Citizens’ the beginning of a counter convinced th a t before the snow Rights, a recently organized offensive by the Negro people Jim-Crow Pattern Unchanged falls there must be a return to body including trade unions, the of this city against the wave of Calumet Park. As of this date, N A A C P , i Negro community racist violence which has gone the rioters, the breakers of the churches and civic clubs. Among unchecked by the authorities. law have, through violence and the speakers were Robert John Indicative of the militant spirit j brutality, accomplished then- son Johnston, Regional Director As N. K Schools Set to Open was the slogan launched by W il objective: To keep Negro Amer of the United Auto Workers, loughby Abner, president of the icans out of a particular public Russell Lasljey, Vice-president of By Morris Zuckoff were allowed by the city ad ministration. A request for 50 Chicagb National1 Association | park. This the NAACP cannot, the United Packinghouse Work Socialist Workers Party Candidate special language teachers for for the Advancement of Colored must not, and will not tolerate... ers union, and Rev. Morris Tynes, For New York City Comptroller Puerto Rican children was re People, of a return to Calumet The N A A C P proposes that such Vice-president of the Chicago Park, now barred to Negroes by 1 return be under the leadership N A A C P . !Dr. Clyde Phillips of On Sept. 9, 945,230 children, jected altogether. racist hoodlums. | of the ministry and in the form the Coordinating Council was through junior high school age, A militant, city-wide Negro It was at Calumet Park on July of a prayer service and report chairman. w ill return to school. For ap and Puexto Rican parents organ proximately 150,000 Negro and ization, Parents in Action 28 that Negro picnickers were meeting. . . However, should for The Chicago Police turned out Puerto Rican children this will driven out by rock-throwing any reason the proper service in large numbers for the South Against Educational Discrimina mean dilapidated schools, over white supremacists. As in not materialize, as President of Side rally, prompting a speaker tion, publicly scox-ed Jansen for crowded classrooms, inexperienc previous racist incidents the the Chicago Branch NAACP, I to thank them sarcastically “for having “failed to provide ex police winked at the antiJNegro shall call a special meeting of the excellent ¡protection given to ed teachers, lack of remedial perienced teachers for our classes, poor recreational facili violence. Official inaction so the NAACP board of directors us in this meeting.” The audience schools; failed to change zoning ties, and the complete absence emboldened racists that the city squarely in the center of Calumet laughed at the contrast between lines to promote integration; of child guidance enters. has been on the verge of a race Park.” the unnecessary police “protec failed to plan new schools to riot. The open-air rally in Wash tion” at the rally and the lack Close to 250 out of 800 schools avoid double sessions; failed to Abner’s message was read to ington Park, attended by over of it at the Calumet Park under the jurisdiction of the provide special guidance for attacks. Marie Reed Haug and Fred Haug, principal defendants Board of Education are segre pupils who need it most; failed in the Ohio T a ft-H a rtle y case. gated. The program to integrate to act on integration repox'ts.” DALEY BOOED schools in New Y ork City passed Parents In Action are calling The name of Mayor Daley, by the Board of Education last for a demonstration in City Hall Support Abner's Proposal elected with labor support, was February, has been scuttled by on Sept. 19 to protest the blatant disregard by Jansen of An Editorial booed toy the crowd when a Superintendent o f Schools W il message was read from him ex .Ohio T-H Frame-Up liam Jahsen in collaboration with the needs of thousands of Negro Willoughby Abner, President of the Chicago branch pressing sympathy, with the (Continued from page 1) extent of its proof. Such a bur the Board of Education and the and Puerto Rican children. Calumet Park victims. This was city administration. This was in MORRIS ZUCKOFF 3e>ph Chaka was appointed to den ought not be placed upon The Negx-o and Puerto Rican of the National Association for the Advancement of the expression of a growing dicated by the cancellation of a maintain communication were the Government at this stage of parents, and all the organiza Colored People, has, as reported elsewhere on this page, popular awareness of the respon proposed meeting between Jansen tions which have supported New undisclosed.” the trial....” . tion after all other criteria of sibility of the entire Democratic called for a return of Negroes to Calumet Park. White- As to Overt Acts (7) and In simple English, Canary is and the Board of Educations zoning had been satisfied.” Yox’k School integration, need city administration — not merely supremacist hoodlums last July brutally drove a band of (8), state what the ‘‘directives” saying he doesn’t want to be i Commission on Integration that Jansen assigned 1.1501 of the aid in the courageous struggle some police officers — for the or “instructions” were, and if piitned down to specific charges ^ad been scheduled for Aug. 22 1,450 new teachers to Harlem they have waged. The mass Negro men. women and children picnickers out of this failure to protect elementary they were in writing, provide a because he isn’t sure he can On July 27, Jansen announced and Bedford - Stuyvesant, con demonstration proposed by the public park. Acting with virtual police immunity they have civil rights in Chicago. Pax-ents in Actiorv should be sup true copy. prove them. a master plan for zoning which trary to the specific recom ported by the entire labor move increased anti-Negro violence until Chicago stands on the A resolution on Maintenance of Reply: “Fred Haug received If the Government didn’t have completely ignored the recom mendation of the Commission on ment. This wilt show the Mayor verge of a race riot similar to that of 1919, which was Citizens’ Rights, presented to the a Communist Party directive to have all its facts, why the haste mendations on zoning and teacher Integration that inexperienced and the Superintendent of precipated by racists stoning and thus causing the drown rally by the Coordinating Coun intensify the use of Local 715, to get an indictment against assignment approved by the teachers should not be sent to cil, included the ¡following Fred and Marie Haug last Jan Board of Education itself. Six these schools fo r their proba Schools how the people of New ing of a Negro boy who had swumi or been carried by the International Union of Mine, points: 1) A delegation to the Mil] and Smelter Workers, as uary for perjury in Taft-Hart months earlier the Board decided tionary period. The Commission York feel about the sell-out on school integration, and demon current across the Jim Crow line at the beach on Lake states’ attorney to urge fullest a means of aiding and support ley affidavits, then an indict that racial integration was to also recommended that 1,338 ad Michigan. prosecution of the racist rioters ing the Cleveland Branch of the ment for conspiracy against be a “cardinal principle of ditional teachers be added to the strate their determination to carry the fig h t to a successful Since July racist terror has barred Negroes from at Calumet Park. 2) A request National Nogro Labor Council” them and Reinthaler and five zoning,” but to Jansen it was teaching staff to relieve over fo r a special session of the City non-trade unionists? merely “an important considera- crowded classrooms, but only 279 conclusion. Calumet Park. Abner proposes a mass demonstration of Council to conduct a public in P A R T Y ‘IN S T R U C T IO N S ’ REAL CONSPIRACY Negroes there before winter sets in. He has suggested vestigation of two segregationist “Communist Party instruc that it take the form of a prayer meeting or report meet organizations, the South Deering tions were received by Marie The obvious answer is that ing, but in any case some sort o f meeting. Improvement Association and Reed Haug to use Local 736, there was a conspiracy—by gov ‘Salt of the Earth’ the South East Civic League. United Etlectiical, Radio and ernment officials and others— Auto Workers and Wives This is a proposal that deserves the support of all 3) The signing by all attending Machine Workers of America, to “get” the Haugs and to ex A Buffalo Success who believe in elementary democratic rights. It is a call the rally of petitions, entitled as a means of aiding and sup tend the area of the Taft-Hart- for a militant and absolutely necessary action. For the “Ballots for Freedom,” to be porting the Civil Rights Con Icy Act before the statute of Negro people cannot allow the racists to establish a submitted to Mayor Daley. gress, the Cleveland Branch of limitations ran out for charges Despite Opposition Protest Buffalo Layoffs against the trade unionists, and “tradition” that Negroes are barred from there. The lost The “Ballots for Freedom” the National Negro Laibor Coun cil and the Progressive Party. before ¡the witoh-hunt hysteria By Jane Palmer BUFFALO. Aug. 31 — To the tune of "Solidarity ground must be retaken. called for: protection of the right of all Chicagoans to live “Communist Party instructions cooled down. BUFFALO, Aug. 24 — The Forever” the Niagara Frontier witnessed a militant rank- But this action should not be that of the Negro peo Trade unionists could start where they please and to use all were received by Fred Haug showing of “Salt of the Earth” I and-file protest rally by the 4,500-member Local 774-UAW ple alone. White workers, whose unions rest on the public facilities; police protec concerning the reading of Marx- the rol! 1-back of the anti in Buffalo on Sunday, Aug. 18 against General Motors' Chevi-o-î>- tion of all people, regardless of ist-Lcninist classics.” labor campaign of investigations, foundation of Negro-white solidarity, also have a stake in prosecutions, and legislation by was a notable success and a let Engine plant just outside Buf make up the difference between color, against mob violence; dis As to Overt Act (9), state the fight. Borne union leaders have already distinguished mobilizing united support be falo. Yesterday, Union members state unemployment benefits and missal of police failing to do so; the name of the ,person trans significant event for radical hind the defense and stop the with their wives and children 65% of a woi'ker’s take-home themselves creditably by supporting the fight against the heavier penalties for mob vio ported by Eric Reinthaler, and workers and trade-union mili attempt to extend Taft-Hartley paraded with placards in a solid pay. racists and the city administration’s inaction. But these lence; a publicity campaign by where the meeting was held. through the Ohio conspiracy tants in the Western New York and spirited demonstration in Friday’s demonstration was the city supporting the program. Reply: Fred Leonard Gard union leaders are the exception rather than the rule. The case. area. The film is a moving, pas front of company offices. spark-plugged by the Women’s The Coordinating Council’s ner. (A notorious character Auxiliary of Local 774. Faced whole* AFL-CIO is duty bound to participate in the strug sionate story of a miners' union The company had announced rally marks an advance in the from th e government-witness gle. Labor leaders who permit their political ties to the a three-week layoff for “change with payless weeks at a time stable in various witch-hunt in New Mexico and its cour mobilization of Chicago’s Negro over.” Workers would have been when children returning to school Democratic administration of the city to keep them out cases. — J. S.) The place was ageous struggle to conquer pov community against racist terror. eligible for two weeks unemploy- brings additional expenses to of this struggle are betraying the interests of the mem a “downstairs apartment in tne I t shows, moreover, encouraging erty and discrimination. ment compensation in addition I families, the men, women and bers — white and Negro — of their unions. Nor is mere vicinity of 105th Street, Cleve links with organized labor, even Actually, showing the movie to Supplementary Unemployment c!1’'<*ren 7^i,5alT lip service against Jim Crow enough — there is too much land, Ohio.” (,105th Street is a Benefits under one of the terms sl8ns reading, M .iat GM gives though the AFL-CIO leadership main crosstown thoroughfare in Buffalo posed a real prob of the GM1-UAW contract. In with one hand they take back of that and too little action in the labor bureaucracy. lem and a test. About three as yet hangs back. Abner’s several miles long.—J.S.) order to cheat, the workers out with two” and “GIVE US THIS W hat is needed is deeds. This translates into fu ll years ago, at the height of Me proposal of a return to Calumet PURCHASE CAR of their SUB payments, the DAY OUR DAILY BREAD.” support of the return of Negroes to Calumet Park. It Gartbyism, attempts were made company scheduled no work on The colorful demonstration was P ark is m ilita nt and sound As to Overt Act (11), state means mobilizing thousands of union members to par to bring the movie here. But the the Friday preceding Labor Day strategy — for if the Negro peo what the “directive” was, pro the first, of its kind in the area and scheduled work for two days ticipate in the Calumet Park rally that will take the ple are to advance, they cannot vide a true Copy if it was in reactionax-y pressure was so for several years and won atten following Labor Day. With Labor area back from the racists. writing, and state where and great that the AFL was induced afford even partial retreats. Day pay, this will bring wages tion in the press and on tele how it was carried out. to withdraw its union projec of the workers over $36 making vision. It set a pattern of Reply to Overt Acts (11) and tionist at the last moment, and| them ineligible to register for imaginative and energetic rank- (12): “James West directed an the whole show was canceled. unemployment insurance and automobile to be purchased.” and-file-action which forecast for SUB. One union official stated ‘‘Sweet Sm eli of Success9 “Directive was issued to Ed the company the kind of mili SMEARS FILM AND SWP this was a deliberate attempt to ward Joseph Chaka and Halb tancy they will face from the The undertaking by the Mill deprive wox-kers of a week’s un By Trent Hutler ert Baxter.” (Not a defendant.— tant Forum to show the film employment pay. workers when contract negotia J.S.) “It was carried out at After producing “Marty” and “The of industry, commerce and finance, the was carefully watched by a host Under the SUB plan, GM must tions open in the spring. Central Chevrolet, Incorporated, of witch-hunting and so - called Bachelor Party,” the remarkable motion press — their press — likes to mask un Cleveland, Ohio, in both an oral ERIC REINTHALER patriotic organizations, and pictures about the life and psychological scrupulous methods and corruption with and written manner.” nothing was done by them until These “overt acts” would not problems of the lower middle-class in pious hypocrisy, '“patriotic” oratory, the last two days before the add up to criminal activity of America’s big! cities, Hecht and Lancaster shrewd diplomacy and pseudo-“objec- showing-. Fred Turner, the out any kind even in the most im (how Hecht, Hill, and Lancaster) have tivity.” Even the shameless gossip col . . . 85th Congress standing red - baiter on the plausible of movie or TV melo Niagai-a Frontier, and reporter given us “ Sweet Smell o f Success,” umnists do so to a certain extent. Still drama. Ends Session for the Buffalo Evening News, Introductory Offer another realistic movie, but this time the gossip columnist and the press agent Nevertheless, trade union mil opened the attack in an article (Continued from page 1) about the world of gossip columnists and are undoubtedly among the most extreme, itants will carefully examine entitled “Movie Described as press agents. (With Burt Lancaster, the most obvious exponents of the deeply- the nub of this case — namely> of the Civil Rights bill. There’s Tool for Reds to be Shown Tony Curtis, a script by Clifford Odets, corrupt spirit of this Big Business press. th e government’s attempt to no question about that. But the Hex-e.” In this article, he pro broaden the scope' of the anti place it will occupy will be an ceeded to attack the movie as “ a To The Militant and an excellent musical score by Elmer But don’t think the columnist is simply labor Taft-Hartley act by utiliz infamous one. Never before has motion picture . . . characterized Bernstein.) after money. Being read every day by mil ing a vague “conspiracy” charge on the floor of Congress as "a the demand for the enforcement I t could be argued that, in contrast to lions, he actually wields a good deal of when it cannot prove illegal weapon for the Soviet Union,’ ” of the civil rights of the IN'egro “Marty” or “The Bachelor Party,” the sto influence and power. He can easily do a acts by regular rules of court and one which received “columns procedure. people been so urgent. With of praise from the Communist Three Months for 50 cents ry o f “ Sweet Smell of Success,” a story o f favor fo r those he likes or needs — and Judge Weick ruled that as to great fanfare a civil-rights bill press.” intrigue, is too contrived to be entirely he can easily slander his enemies or those the paragraph immediately pre was passed “for the first time H e continued to wagei his realistic. Be that as it may, the realism ceding the heading entitled who somehow get in his way. In the in 80 years” — but only afte r attack against the movie by As a workers’ newspaper which tries to reach the maxi picture “ Sweet Smell o f Success,” the “Overt Acts” in the indictment, stating that “the Socialist Work- is in the portrayal of the columnist and it had been pared down to such mum number of people with the message of socialism we of the press agent, his abject lackey. And columnist and the press agent conspire to the prosecution should tell what, ex-s Pai-ty has been described in are always concerned with winning new readers. Right now if any, overt acts other than an innocuous point where race- the Congx-essional Guide to Sub the story holds the' attention of the have an item printed by another col (and until November 1) we are offering a special three-month those set forth in the indictment haters in the South could versive Organizations as a trial subscription for only 50 Cents. audience — a must in a good movie, play umnist for whom the press agent were allegedly committed toy the ‘dissident Communist gx-oup.’ ” tolerate it. If you are looking for accurate coverage of internation defendants. Also who committed However, Turner’s efforts fell or novel; it allows the character portraits literally tacts as a procurer. A young The firs t session of the 85th al and domestic news, accompanied by serious Marxist analysis them, when and where. through. The red-scare article to unfold — and it even gives a chance to musician is “ exposed as a m arijuana- Congress is over. Is there any of the events l-eported, then this introductoi-y offer is cer did not deter 125 persons who doubt about whom it served? tainly a real bargain. For example: What’s happening in Chico Hamilton’s able jazz group. smoking communist, although he is CONCEAL CHARGES attended the showing. To all the Soviet Union and what do these dramatic events mean? But is it realistic to show the columnist neither a communist nor does he smoke U.S. Attorney Canary failed observers acquainted with the What will the current labor racketeering probe mean for to answer this. Instead, he failed Niagara Frontier labor scene, and the press agent without a redeeming m arijuana. B ut never mind, he is fired militant, democratic unionism? What’s the week-to-week sta a motion for reconsideration, and this was a singular success for feature? In this case, yes. Because the immediately. A cop, too, assists the col tus of the struggle of the Negro people for full equality? for denial of the motion for a Correction of Error the M ilitan t Forum and for civil The elections in New York, San Francisco, Detroit. . . How very nature and role of two professions umnist in this and other filthy business. bill of particulars on this point. liberties in general. were to be portrayed. The author was These things have happened and still In his brief attempts to justi In Sept. 2 Militant arc they shaping up? Clip this special subscription offer Another interesting aspect of blank and mail it in today together w ith 50 cents. I t w ill fy concealing such charges, he Through a misunderstand dead rig h t not to use any sugar-coating. happen in one form or another. The com the showing of the film was af- bring weekly answers to these questions. The malicious gossip-mongers, the colum pletely unproductive professions of gossip said: ing on the Militant’s part, tfox-ded by the attitude of nists, as well as th e ir scavengers, the columnist and press agent (who is paid “...An act may be an in the article, “London Market Buffalo’s other newspaper, the nocent or insignificant act, but Strikers Suffer Setback Due so-called liberal Courier Express. press agents, are a significant part of our to make people famous or to keep their if done in furtherance of the to Misleadership” in the Sept. A t firs t, the Courier ti-ied to capitalist press. While outside of New fame from fading) are basically dishonest conspiracy such act becomes an 2 issue appeared under Peter kill the movie by silence. E fforts THE MILITANT York and a few (very few) other cities in themselves. By their very nature they overt act. Therefore, in the Fryer’s by-line with the fur by a Militant Forum represen face of the present order it ther .statement that, it was tative to interest the dramatic the international scene, for example, is invite immoral practices. Those who see 116 University Place New York 3, N. Y. would be necessary for the G o v based on an interview with critic, Mr. Martin, to review the quite inadequately covered in the daily “ Sweet Smell of Success” can learn some ernment to outline on page Harry Constable. Actually, film, met with a rebuff. “It’s a papers, you can find one or another syn thing about this phenomenon. We gen after page every single detail the entire article was Harry Communist film ,” said he, “and dicated column in most of them. Millions erally are not aware how much the of its evidence... Such a pro Constable’s analysis of the I won’t review it.” Undoubtedly, Name still swallow these mixtures of Peeping vermin of Big Business journalism infest cedure would1 be necessary be market strike as told to Peter after considerable thought, Mr. cause the Government could not Fryer. That is the way it is M ai'tin changed his mind and Tom-innuendo on show people, political our homes and our minds. at its peril determine in ad published in the Aug. 21 Peter unleashed an attack on the movie S tre e t...... Zone lies, superficial platitudes and planted Don’t go to see “ Sweet Smell of Suc vance which toits of evidence Fryer Newsletter. Constable, after its showing. “plugs.” The gossip columns help to sell cess” if you feel like spending a gay m ight become overt acts. I f a according to the Newsletter, Despite the red-baiting, many the papers. evening. It's rather depressing. But so are bill of particulars is filed, the is one of the best-known stayed after the movie to ex law seems to be that the G o v rank and-file leaders of the The capitalist press is dominated by the the facts depicted in this essentially press their gratitude and appre C ity S ta te ernm ent is bound by such a bill London portworkers.— Editor. ciation to the Militant Forum morals of Big Business. Like the moguls realistic movie. of particulars in the nature and' for having shown the film.