CoalCoal resourceresource positionposition inin IndiaIndia

Geological Survey of occurs in two stratigraphic horizons

Lower Gondwana500 0 coalfields 500km Kilometers

80° 84° 88° mmm 26 Luc know %

Patna 22 Permian sediments (c. 290Ma) %

27 32 51 47 44 34 31 2 43 30 28 m 24°m 41 33 49 48 46 39 35 29 52 mostly deposited in 55 50 45 42 38 53 40 37 Bhopal 56 36 % 54 57 59 58 78 62 63 64 Calcutta 77 61 % 60 66 Intracratonic Gondwana basins. 65 76 75 67 51. Si ngrauli 74 52. Korar 53. Umari a 54. J ohi la 68 55. Sihagpur 73 56. Sonhat-Jhilimili 72 57. Bi srampur Bhubaneswar 58. Lakhanpur 20° % 71 59. Panc hbahini m m 60. Dhamamunda 61. Koreagarh 62. Chirimi ri 63. Sendurgarh 64. Hasdo-Arand 65. Korba 66. Mand-Raigarh 35. 67. Tertiary coalfields 36. Bar jora 68. Talcher 69 37. J haria 69. G odav ari 92° 96° 38. East 70. Yellendu m m 39. W est Bok aro 71. W ardha Hyderabad 22. Singrimari 40. Ramgarh 72. Bander 100 0 100 km % 26. 41. North Karanpura 73. Umrer 70 27. 42. South Karanpura 74. Kamptee 28. Birbhum 43. Chope 75. Pench-Kanhan 29. T angs uli 44. Itk hor i 76. Pathakhera 30. Kundait Kariah 45. Aur 77. Tawa 31. Saharjuri 46. Hutar 78. Mohpani 32. Jainti 47. Daltonganj 33,34. Gi ri dih 1 16°m 48,49,50. Tatapani-Ramkola m 23 m28° m m m 80° 84° 88° 1

28°m 2 Itanagar 3 Gangtok % 4 % 25 24

6 5 7 8 Dispur % 9 Tertiary Coalfields 10 Kohima % 1. Miao-bum 22 20 Shillong 11 2. Namchik-Namphuk 19 15 14 %12Shillong 3. Makum 4. Dilli-Jeypore (c. 60Ma) 21 17 5. Tiju Early Tertiary near-shore 13 18 Imphal 6. Borjan 16 % 7. Tuen Sang 8. Jhanzi-Disai 9. Koilajan 10. Dip hu 11. Bapung peri-cratonic basins and shelves. 12. Pynursla m24° 13. Ch er rapunji 14. Laitryngew Aizawl 15. Maw synr am % 16. Mawlong Shella 24°m Agartala % 17. Langrin 18. Balphakram-Pendenggru 19. West Darangiri 20. Rongr enggri 21. Siju

Gondwana Coalfields Calcutta 22. Singrimari % 23. Abor Hills 24. Daphla Hills 25. Aka Hills mm m 84° 88° 92° Rajmahal basins Koel-Damodar valley basins Gondwana basins Satpura basins of Son - Narmada valley basins Peninsular India Pranhita

- Godavari valley basins Gondwana basins of Peninsular India disposed in four linear belts following several prominent lineaments in the Precambrian craton. In the extra-Peninsular region (Darjeeling and Arunachal Pradesh) Lower Gondwana sediments occur as thrust sheets overriding Siwalik sediments. Gondwana coal

Occurrence Eastern and central part of Peninsular India Rank Bituminous to sub-bituminous Character Moderate to High in Ash and Low in Sulphur

Tertiary coal

Occurrence Northeastern India Rank Meta and Ortholignitous Character High in Sulphur ; Strongly caking to non-caking

Lignite

Occurrence Western and southern India

Character High in Moisture and Volatile Matter GONDWANAGONDWANA COALCOAL

CoalCoal bearingbearing stratastrata

RANIGANJ/KAMTHIRANIGANJ/KAMTHI FORMATIONFORMATION (Late Permian)– ECONOMICALLY EXPLOITABLE IN RANIGANJ, EASTERN PART OF SINGRAULI BASIN AND GODAVARI

BARAKARBARAKAR FORMATIONFORMATION (Early Permian)– MAJOR STOREHOUSE OF COAL IN ALL THE BASINS

KARHARBARIKARHARBARI FORMATIONFORMATION (Early Permian)–– RESTRICTED TO FEW COALFIELDS OF EASTERN INDIA TERTIARYTERTIARY COALCOAL CoalCoal bearingbearing stratastrata

‰ Oligocene sediments – ™ Tikak Parbat Formation in Upper , Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh ‰ Eocene sediments – ™ Tura Sandstone, Lakadong Sandstone in Garo, Khasi and Jaintia hills of ™ Sylhet Limestone in Mikir hills of Assam ™ Lower Subathu Group in Jammu TypesTypes ofof IndianIndian coalcoal Coking

Prime – Low volatile bituminous , Coke type G7 or better, Ro(mean) = 1.2. Upper seams in .

Medium - Low to high volatile bituminous coals, Coke type F-

G6, Ro(mean) = 1.1-1.4. Lower Barakar & Raniganj seams in Jharia, Barakar seams in Raniganj, Bokaro, parts of Ramgarh, Karanpura, Sohagpur and Pench- Kanhan coalfields

Semi – High volatile, Coke type D-F, Ro(mean) = 0.7. Lower Raniganj seams in Raniganj, Barakar seams in parts of Ramgarh and Sonhat coalfields Non-coking Superior – High volatile bituminous B-C coals. Mainly in Raniganj seams of Inferior – High volatile sub-bituminous coals. All coalfields

High Sulphur Tertiary coalfields of Northeastern Region General characters of Karharbari coal

Comparatively cleaner than Barakar coals Low moisture, low ash and low to medium volatile Generally non-coking except in parts of and North Karanpura General characters of Barakar coal

™ Moisture < 2% to 6% ™ Volatile - <18 to 35% ™ Carbon - 85 to 90% (on dmf basis) ™ Ash - 15 to 30% (excluding dirt bands) ™ Coking properties (eastern CFs of Damodar Valley basins)

™ Coke type - D to G6 or better General characters of Raniganj coal

™ High moisture ™ High Volatile ™ Coal seams thinner than those of Barakar ™ Best developed in Raniganj coalfield RESOURCERESOURCE CLASSIFIEDCLASSIFIED ASAS

CATEGORYCATEGORY :: (Based on degree of confidence)

•• PROVEDPROVED (>80%)(>80%) THROUGH DETAILED EXPLORATION

•• INDICATEDINDICATED (>50(>50 toto 80%)80%) THROUGH REGIONAL EXPLORATION •• INFERREDINFERRED (<50(<50 %)%)

DEPTHDEPTH :: 0-300 m, 300-600 m and 600-1200 m

GRADEGRADE ::

MediumMedium CokingCoking :: SG-I,SG-I, SG-II,SG-II, W-I,W-I, W-II,W-II, W-III,W-III, W-IVW-IV

SemiSemi CokingCoking :: Grade-IGrade-I andand grade-IIgrade-II

NonNon CokingCoking :: SuperiorSuperior (Gr.A(Gr.A –– C) C) andand PowerPower gradegrade (Gr.D-G)(Gr.D-G) Prevalent Quality classification system (Department of Coal, Ministry of Energy, 1979) : NonNon--cokingcoking coalcoal fromfrom GondwanaGondwana coalfieldscoalfields Grade Useful Heat Value (k.cal/kg) Sp.Gr A > 6200 1.42 B 5600 - 6200 1.45 C 4940 - 5600 1.50 D 4200 - 4940 1.55 E 3360 - 4200 1.60 F 2400 - 3360 1.68 G 1300 - 2400 1.76 Useful Heat Value = 8900 - 138(A+M) (A= Ash%, M = Moisture% at 60% R.H & 400C Temperature) PrevalentPrevalent classificationclassification (contd.) :: CokingCoking coalcoal Grade Ash Sp.Gr Steel Grade -I < 15% 1.42 Steel Grade -II 15% - 18% 1.44 Washery Grade - I 18% - 21% 1.46 Washery Grade - II 21% - 24% 1.50 Washery Grade - III 24% - 28% 1.53 Washery Grade - IV 28% - 35% 1.58 ::SemiSemi--cokingcoking && weaklyweakly cokingcoking coalcoal Grade Ash + Moisture Sp.Gr Semi-Coking -I < 19% 1.44 Semi-Coking -II 19% - 24% 1.46 DEPTH-WISE AND CATEGORY-WISE RESOURCE OF INDIAN COAL ( As on 01-01-2006)

Total Resource : 253.3 b.t. TOTALTOTAL 80 73.75 Proved (95.87)(95.87) 66.63 70 Indicated (119.77)(119.77) 60 Inferred (36.66)(36.66) 50 41.41 40

30 14.38 17.52 20 13.71 11.23 6.74 10 5.76 0.500 1.67 0 0-300m 0-600m 300m-600m 600m-1200m (154.8) (For Jharia Coalfield ) COALFIELD-WISE DISTRIBUTION OF COKING COAL (As on 01.01.2006)

Jharia

Ea s t B ok a r o

West Bokaro

Nor th Kar an pu r a

Sohagpur

Raniganj

Ramgarh

South Karanpura

Pench Kanhan

Sonhat

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 (in million tonne) COALFIELD-WISE DISTRIBUTION OF NON-COKING COAL (As on 01.01.2006)

Talchir Raniganj Ib River Mand-Raigarh Go da v a r i Rajmahal Singrauli N. Karanpura Korba Jharia Wardha S. Karanpura Hasdo- Arand Auranga Sohagpur Kamptee Pench-Kanhan Tatapani-Ramkola Bisrampur Ot hers 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 (in million tonne) CoalCoal ResourceResource basebase Proved Indicated Inferred 95.87 b.t 119.77 b.t 37.67 b.t 253 b. t. (up to 1200m depth)

Proved 39% 49% Indicated 12% Power grade coal: Inferred 16% 36% 153 b. t. (60%) 48% (up to 1200m depth) 7% 42% 51% Quality-wiseQuality-wise break-up break-up of of Non-cokingNon-coking coal coal 160 250 (87%) 140 200 120 220.26 153.03 100 150 80 100 60 40 50 (12.7%) 20 32.04 35.19 32.09 0.94 0 0 Superior Power grade Ungraded Coking Non-Coking High sulphur 68° 72° 76° 80° 84° 88° 92° 96°

36° 36°

Sr nagar COALFIELDS AND LIGNITE OCCURRENCES 1% 2 4 OF

79 99 INDIA QUALITY-WISE VARIATION OF 32° 350 0 350 km 32° 24% NON-COKING COAL OVER 76% 4% Smla% 76% MAJOR GONDWANA % Chand garh Rajmahal COALFIELDS OF INDIA % Dehra du n Singrauli 96% 31%

New% Delhi 28° 69% 23 28° 8 5 1 6 12 2 8 1 33 4 1 0 Itanagar24 % 4 1 Tatapani Gangtok 25 15 % 1 2 1 55 2 21 30 26 66 1 Jaipur% 2 4 2 8 7 26 Luck% now 2 8 3 7 3 6 35 30 2 Di s% pu r 3 3 9 3932 0 33 35 Ko h ima 34 22 202 % Shi llong1 36 1149142% 1 151 2 11 2 17 161 1 % 1 1 1 Imphal%

24° 37 27 24° 39 38 32 41 49 47 34 31 44 44 30 43 43 33 28 %Agart ala 40 51 % 45 46 49 29 48 46 39 38 42 49 52 45 41 37 35 Aizaw l 48 47 50 42 40 # 0 50 Gandhinagar% 53 36 51 54 55 56 % Bhopa% l 57 0 62 6 8 Ranc hi 7 59 6 64 77 Kolka% ta 5 66 7 5

53 52 6 54

7 Rai pur % 8 7 48% 52%

20° 7 Bhuba nesw ar 20° % 5%

1 Mumbai Raniganj 49% 51% % Superior Non-Coking 95% 26% Pench-Kanhan 69 Hyder abad % 0 3% Talcher 74% 55 69 68 67 Inferior Non-Coking 16° S.Karanpura 16°

38% % Panaji 8% 97% 62% 92% Ib-River Sohagpur 92% Korba 19% Bang% al ore Ch en nai % 56 31% 57 12° 81% 12° Pondicherry% 69% 66 8% 65 63 64 62 Kamptee 10% 60 61 Hasdo-Arand 59 92% 90% 25% 58 75% Mand-Raigarh 75% . tp Tiruvanantapuram Wardha % 8° Godavari 8° 72° 76° 80° 84° 88° 92° SuperiorSuperior gradegrade coalcoal (‘A’(‘A’ –– ‘C’) ‘C’) Depth-wise distribution UHV:4940KUHV:4940K -- >6200Cal/Kg >6200Cal/Kg Total resource: 32b.t. 19.7

20 18 16 9.8 14 0 30 12 0- 10 8 2.2 6 0.2 00 00 -6 4 12 00 0 0- 30 60 60 2 - 6 0 0 (for Jharia) PowerPower gradegrade coalcoal (‘D’(‘D’ –– ‘G’) ‘G’) Depth-wise distribution UHV:1300-4940UHV:1300-4940 KCal/KgKCal/Kg Total resource:153b.t. 109.48

120

100

80 0 30 0- 60 32.5

40 5.9 5.13 00 -6 0 0- 00 00 0 20 6 12 3 - 0- 0 60 0 (for Jharia) 76°mm 80 °

g 55 HYDERABAD 67 69 68 Lignite Occurrences 16° m m16° g PANAJI

72°m 76°mm 80° BANGALORE m 36° 500 0 500 km g g 56 CHENNAI m36° Lignite Occurrences 57 1.Nic hahom Baramul a 12° 2.Nagbal m Lignite 3,4.Firozpur Shaliganga PONDICHERY 12 ° 5.Khari 66 g Occurrences m 6.Gangashahr 65 55. Ratnagiri Srinagar 7.Sarup Des ar 63 64 1 % 8.Mudh 2 62 56. Nileswaram 9.9Kolayat 61 3 4 10.G ura 60 12.Bithnok 57. Madayi 79 18.Pal ana 59 58. Warkala 11.Chaneri 17.Bar Singhsar 59. Mannargudi 32°m 16.Lalamdesar 13.Mandal Charnan 60. Jayamkonda Cholapuram 14.Raneri m32° 15.Hira Ki Dhani Workable deposits 61. Lalpettai 19.Kas nau 20.Kuc hera 62. Srimushnam 21.Nimbri 58 22.Marwar Chapri 63. Neyveli South 23.Butati TIRUVANTAPURAM 64. Bhubangiri 24.Merta Road 25.Hansiyas g 65. Neyveli East 26.G angarda 27.Lamba Jatan 8°m 66. Bahur 28.Mokala 8° 29.Indawar 67, 68, 69. Eluru-Rajamundrim 30.Nagarda 76°m 80°m 31.Niml a m 32.Bharka 28° 10 5 9 8 6 33.Boti ya 12 35.kapurdi 13 7 m 35 14 28° 34.Hamir ji ki Dhani 1617 36.J alipa 15 11 37.Lakhpat 21 20 19 Jaipur 39.Pranpur 22 23 % 38.Dhedadi 24 30 27 26 41.Panandhro 29 28 44.Umars ar 30 31 32 43.F ulradam 33 34 35 40.Kai yari 36 42.Akhrimota 45.Mudia 46.Mata No Madh 47.Jularai 25 Total Resource : 38.3 b.t 49.Lefri 48.Waghapadar 24°m 39 37 38 50.Hamla 41 44 51.Nanaratadia 40 53.Bhuri 45 46 43 m24° 47 52.Lakhanka Kharsalia 48 49 50 Gandhinagar 20 42 51 % 54.Shah Vastan Coalfields 79. Kalakot-Metka

53 15 52 54 10

76°m m80° (in billion tonne) 5

0 T y AN rr e J&K ARA h RALA c E ASTH UJ K G AJ R Pondi CRITICALCRITICAL ANALYSISANALYSIS OFOF RESOURCERESOURCE SCENARIOSCENARIO visvis--àà--visvis UNDERGROUNDUNDERGROUND COALCOAL GASIFICATIONGASIFICATION UNDERGROUNDUNDERGROUND COALCOAL GASIFICATIONGASIFICATION

CONCEPT ~ CONVERTING IN-SITU COAL SEAMS INTO A COMBUSTIBLE CLEAN GAS

UNIQUE FEATURE ~ EXPLOITATION OF UNMINEABLE DEEP SEATED COAL SEAMS

CONSTRAINT ~ DEVELOPMENT OF RELIABLE WORKING PROGRAMME WITH ECONOMIC VIABILITY SUBSTANTIALSUBSTANTIAL RESOURCERESOURCE NOTNOT MINEABLEMINEABLE ~~ SURFACESURFACE CONSTRAINTS,CONSTRAINTS, SAFETYSAFETY ANDAND TECHNOLOGICALTECHNOLOGICAL REASONSREASONS

21%21% OFOF NETNET ININ--SITUSITU PROVEDPROVED RESOURCERESOURCE EXTRACTABLEEXTRACTABLE WITHINWITHIN PRESENTPRESENT MININGMINING TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGY (SOURCE(SOURCE CMPDI)CMPDI) Distribution of non-coking coal in major Coalfield within 0-300m

35 30.3 30

25

20 14.3214.3 15 12.8 10.52 9 10 8.43 7.85 7.7 4.9 3.8 5 3.4 (in billion tonne) (in billion 1.8 1.6 1.2 1.1 1 0

a li i o u ar tee nga hat iganj ra av asd p n jmahal g d Korba H ra TalcherraigarhIb-Riveran in o Wardha u So - R Ra S G Kam A Tatapa ni karanpur Karanpura N. S. ench-Kanhan Mand P Distribution of Power grade coal in major Coalfield within 0-300m

30 24.5 25

20

15 11.9 11.8 9.5 8.1 10 6.9 6.6 (in billion tonne) 5.8 5.6 3.3 3.2 5 2.3 1.6 1.2 0.9 0.7 0.7

0

a e er do ha ra e at ni iv auli d nga han pu a pt n mahalnpur Korba davari Has ar a tapa TalcherIb-R a o ngr W SonhK RaniganjG Si Aur Kam Ta Raj kar . Karan Mand-raigarhN. S ench- P Distribution of Superior grade coal in major Coalfield within 0-300m

7 5.9 6

5

4

3 1.9 2 1.6 (in billion tonne) 1.4 1 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 1 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

0

li a e ra ur e ha ni a au han gpur mp pt davari Hasdo a Korb apa o ngr Talcher anpu Kan Ward Ib-River RaniganjG Si Soha isr Kam Rajmahal Tat Kar B karanpur . nch- S Mand-raigarh N. Pe Distribution of non-coking coal in major Coalfield within 300-600m

9 8.1 8.1 8 7.3 7 6.3 6 4.7 5 4.4 3.7 4 3.3 2.8 3 2.3 (in billion tonne) (in billion 1.6 1.6 2 1.3 0.9 0.8 1 0.6 0.5

0

i l a a er m a b r at u ur ha h ch avar aha h p pu d ptee n -River b Kor Tal Ib raigarh ajm ir an ran war am So RaniganjGod - SingrauliR B a AurangaK Tatapa ni and . kar . K M N S Pench-Kanhan Coalfield-wise distribution of Power grade coal within 300-600m depth 6

5

4

3

2

1

0

i j r Ib al ra ra at h an u um rba ga h lcher ava a ig h o pu d Mand b K ran n on Ta o ajm an ir u ra S G R SingrauliR B A a .Karanp .K N S Coalfield-wise distribution of Superior grade coal within 300-600m depth

3.5

3

2.5

2

1.5

1

0.5

0

j ri d n a n a ga hum lcher ni b M a odav ingrauli T Ra G S Bir Distribution of non-coking coal in major Coalfield within 600-1200m

3.5 3

2.5

2

1.5

(in billion tonne) 1

0.5

0 Raniganj Godavari Jharia Talcher Birbhum Sonhat Distribution of Superior grade coal in major Coalfield within 600-1200m 1.2

1

0.8

0.6

0.4 (in billion tonne) 0.2

0 Raniganj Godavari Birbhum Sonhat Talcher Distribution of power grade coal in major Coalfield within 600-1200m

1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 (in billion tonne) 0.4 0.2 0 Jharia Raniganj Talcher Godavari Birbhum Out of total lignite resource (38.27 billion tonne) 9.4 billion tonne are of quarriable prospect 30

25

20

15

t 10 c t e ct To be proved Proved p e

> 150m depth s p 5 o s r ro p pr 4.18 5.22 28.87 M t 0 B as /C c Open cast prospect G en C pe U O 25% 75%

38.27 billion tonne EMERGING POSSIBILITIES OF EXPLOITING SOLID FOSSIL FUEL THROUGH UCG

requires Characterisation of resource on chemical and petrographic parameters at exploration stage for Optimal utilisation of resource both at short and long term perspective DESIRABLEDESIRABLE COALCOAL CHARACTERSCHARACTERS

• COAL WITH HIGHER REACTIVITY ~ COAL WITH SIGNIFICANT AMOUT OF EXINITE/LIPTINITE

• COAL WITH HIGH MOISTURE CONTENT ~ REACTION REQUIRES WATER

• COAL TYPE - LOW RANK COAL EASILY GASIFIED

• CAKING OR SWELLING SHOULD BE LESS DESIRABLEDESIRABLE COALCOAL CHARACTERSCHARACTERS ((CONTDCONTD.).)

• MINERAL MATTER AND ASH FUSION TEMP. ARE IMP. FACTORS

• COAL NEED TO BE ADEQUATELY PERMEABLE

• FOR COAL HYDROGENATION DESIRABLE ELEMENTS VITRINITE REFLECTANCE < 0.8% VITRINITE + EXINITE > 60% VM > 35% ; H/C ATOMIC RATIO >0.75% Generalised character of Coal / Lignite seams of some of the coal/lignite fields

Coal Vitrinite% Inertinite% Exinite% VM% C% H% Hasdo-Arand 31–49 24–47 10–22 21-38 79 – 83 4.7–5.0

Mand-Raigarh 43–60 22–43 15–25- 78 – 81 5.0– 5.3 Tatapani-Ramkola 8–16 41–51 16–18- - -

Sohagpur 21–53 37–63 16–2533-40 79 – 91 4.9–5.2

Bisrampur 25–30 55–60 10-15 35-38 78 –85 4.2–4.8

Wardha 25–35 50–55 15–2029-45 76 – 81 4.3–5.1

Talcher 33–60 30–55 15–2535-45 79 – 82 4.9–5.3

Godavari 35–45 40–60 5–15 35 - 42 78 - 85 4.2–5.4-

Lignite Ramnad 60 – 80 5 – 6 10 – 20 - - Mannargudi 80 5 12 RANGE OF VARIATION OF VITRINITE REFLECTANCE (Ro%) IN DIFFERENT COALFIELDS

Talcher

Tatapani-Ramkola

Singrauli

Saharjuri

Wardha

Sohagpur

Bokaro

Jharia

Satpura

Raniganj

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 MAJORMAJOR COALFIELDSCOALFIELDS (Resource(Resource >> 300m)300m) (COAL SEAMS >3M THICK OF BARAKAR AND RANIGANJ/KAMTHI FMS. ) RAJMAHAL-BIRBHUM CF RANIGANJ CF JHARIA, N KARANPURA, S KARANPURA, AURANGA TALCHER AND IB MAND RAIGARH , KORBA GODAVARI VALLEY SINGRAULI Around 29 b. t. of lignite resource >150m (mainly in Tamil Nadu) Huge deposit of lignito-bituminous coal and lignite of Cambay basin and Sanchor basin within 700-1700m INDIANINDIAN COALCOAL RESOURCESRESOURCES SUITABLESUITABLE FORFOR UCGUCG

•• UNMINEABLEUNMINEABLE PARTPART OFOF THETHE SHALLOWSHALLOW LEVELLEVEL RESOURCERESOURCE

•• SUBSTANTIALSUBSTANTIAL SHARESHARE (36%)(36%) OFOF TOTALTOTAL RESOURCERESOURCE (253(253 BT)BT) CONTAINEDCONTAINED ININ DEPTHDEPTH LEVELLEVEL BEYONDBEYOND 300M300M POSSIBLEPOSSIBLE AREASAREAS FORFOR SHALLOWSHALLOW LEVELLEVEL COALCOAL RESOURCERESOURCE

Eastern part of Hasdo-Arand Coalfiled

Southwestern part of Sohagpur Coalfiled

Central part of

Southcentral part of

Western part of Shallow level Shallow level

Shahdol

Anuppur GEOLOGICALGEOLOGICAL MAPMAP OFOF TALCHERTALCHER CC FF

SCALE

SHALLOW LEVEL

Quarternary deposits Laterite Kamthi Formation Barren Measures Barakar Formation Karharbari Formation Talchir Formation Metamorphics Fault POSSIBLEPOSSIBLE AREASAREAS FORFOR DEEPERDEEPER (>300M)(>300M) LEVELLEVEL COALCOAL RESOURCERESOURCE

Eastern part of Raniganj Coalfield Western part of Ib-River & Talcher Coalfield

Westcentral part of Mand-Raigarh Coalfield

Central part of main basin, Singrauli Coalfield

Eastern part of Birbhum-Rajmahal Coalfield

Eastern part of Pench-Kanhan Coalfield

central part of north Godavari Coalfield Cumulative coal thickness RRK-3 (42.27m) and development of thicker seams(9.77m)

86°45' 87°00' 87°15' GEOLOGI CAL MAP OF 189.75 Intermediate depth level C J RANIGANJ COALFIELD

HAR

J # KH

H L A

o ND 3.5 0 3.5 7 km

o A A

o R o o

o K G 15

14 o o

25 12 H N o

23o A 30 o 10 E -2 15 12

N BR

15 D B B

24

o

280.55 BR o # -2 o

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BR-1 W T o #

Alipur 20 o

o

BR2 E S o - a

30 h 9 5 j 15 o 20 a o 12 h o o 10 BR-3 15 #

o J 10 #

BR-4 BR-2 BR- 2 Kapi stha # # 14 BR-2 Barkol a 12 o

18 10 12

R-5 Hat i bari BR-4

B B r

27 R e BR4-

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B R - o R o 2 22

40 -7 r BR 27 10

a R-2 15 k

o # o #

B

10 a A

r

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Shampur a

ad 10 14 Lal ganj 14 ja

nb % B BR-2 12 10 y W ha -2 -2 D o R # o R

10 B B R

# 10 14 Birkulti

o o 18 . E

20 o BR1-25 # i Rakhdi h 10 R-5 r

o BR-6 u S o B Bahi ra 15 S

6 11 BR-2 10 AjoyR RN-1 T 23° 7 # iver 23°

Gopi# nathpur Bar ak ar Lal bazar 14 10 15 1o 0 15

o % 18 4 B RN 45' o B -1 RN-1 RN 45' R-5 # R-7 R -2 E

o B RN-1 Ü N-2

18 3 Beguni a N BR-5 3 RN 30 -2 o RN-2 (s)

10 G N-3 RN R o # 5 N-4 -3 R 6 A

Chunch o 8 # R Dal urband L N-5 RN N-4 RN-5

R - 4 N-1 R R R N N 5- - 5 14 o

# N-2

N-1 Manoharbahal R R R N-2 N-4 N RN- 1 R R -

6

R

RN- 1 s )

N 2(

3 - N-

N- -5 5 7 - ( ) R R o N N1 s ) R R (s

o # 1 6 N- RN-3 RN- % R # 10 Sat pukhuria -2(s)

RN # Chi nakuri 2(s) -4 N-7 - RN-4 (s) RN 8 R o RN Bhatmura 15 10 o RN-4 (s) -5(s) # 5(s) N-3 RN RN- # R N-6 - 2 R Kal ipahari N1 - -5 R N -5

R RN RN W 5 R RN-4 ) ) 13 N- 4 4(s s RN-7 7 10 6 RN- -4( RN- N # RN-4 R 6

- Til abani 8 (s) N N-5 R R

R E # N - R 7 N-5

7

- o 77 4 N RN RN-6 R

-5 # # S 5 N- # R Searsol e -6 # N Bal tora 5 R 4 - 8 N Nimcha R River T odar Dam R # N- R 6( Mangal pur

N- s) 6 (s # )

Banspet ali 1 RN- 7 B o RN- 6 3 Raniganj

22 o RN- 5 o17 % RN- 4 RN-6

RN- 7 -5

30 )

s N ) ( RN-4 s

12 )s R (

5 RN- 3

)

- 5( 4 s

E ) - - s) N

( s

( N RN-6

1 -

2 RN- 3 R N (

R a 4

dr - -4 N - R

A N # N N R

666.8 R RN-2 s) R R ( N-5 Ardhagram 3 R N- RN-1 R N RN-5 (s) RN-3(s) # RN- 2 Andal% Dubchuri a 60 701.7 0.54 G 15 D A amoda L rR. C' Ü 739.6 5.76 #

# Domra B' 769.944 6.01 23° Alluvium # 23° 779.39 5.86 30' Tertiaries Dur% gapur 30' Supra- Panchets

Ca Lampr ophyre lcu 822.32 1.30 t For mation ta 2.22 Rani ganj Formati on Coalseam 925.31 9.77 Barren Measures Basic Dyke 937.49 6.86 Barakar Formation Faul t Deeper level Talchir Formation 0.40 Crystalline Basement 1046.50 0.93 1059.12 Crystalline Basement under Tert iary cover 86°45' 87°00' 87°15' T.D.1070.80 GEOLOGICALGEOLOGICAL MAPMAP OFOF TALCHERTALCHER CC FF

SCALE

DEEPER LEVEL

Quarternary deposits Laterite Kamthi Formation Barren Measures Barakar Formation Karharbari Formation Talchir Formation Metamorphics Fault TTN-1 0 m

100m

200m

300m

XI 400m X IX VIII Coal seams: 9 (regionally persistent ) 500m VII VI Controll points: > 40 (spacing <1km – 1km apart) III 600m II Depth of overburden: Max. 350m 645.00 700m Ind. Seam thickness: 1m - >80m Cum. Coal thickness: 80m – 160m Quality: M% - 4% to 7%, A% - 20% - 40% Maceral Vitrinite (55%) Inertinite (30%) Exinite (15%) Ro.(max): 0.45% to 0.61% Coal seam Zones: Six Zone thickness: 1.50m – 54m Depth range: 31.50m – 521.50m Grade: D - G IBK(A)-3

BELPAHAR TOP Deeper level BELPAHAR BOTTOM

PARKHANI

LAJKURA

RAMPUR

IB

594.15m F GEOLOGICAL MAP OF F

Intermediate to deeper level F MAND-RAIGARH C F SCALE 0 5 10Km F JABGA

DHARAMJAIGARH

A F F B

F F F F F F F GHARGHODA F F 1.80 319.25 8.70 F GARE 1.70 F 1.90

INDEXF 3.25 526.55 1.35 Kamthi Formation Raniganj Formation F Barren Measures F 565.65 10.00 Barakar Formation Talchir Formation Basement RAIGARH F F Fault F F 655.00 Intermediate & Deeper level

AREA UNDER PROGRESS AREA FOR FUTURE INVESTIGATION SINGRAULI

Barren Measure Coal seams: 7- 8 Controll points: > - 30 (spacing >1km apart) Depth of overburden: Raniganj: >150m Barren Measure: 250-300m Ind. Seam thickness: <1m – 18m Cum. coal thickness: 25m –30m Quality: M% : 4 -10% A% : 10.3% - 45%

Maceral Vitrinite (45%- 78%) Barakar Exinite (7%- 8%) Inertinite (8% - 45%)

Ro.(max): 0.4% to 0.6% Talchir Intermediate & Deeper level

Shahdol

Anuppur GEOLOGICAL MAPGEOLOGICAL OF MAP OFRAJMAHAL RAJMAHAL AND BIRBHUM COALFIELDS- BIRBHUM COALFIELDS AND WEST Dighi-Dharampur area 87° 00' 87° 10' 87° 20' 87° 30' 87° 40' 87° 50' 88° 00' 10 0 10 k m (Northern Extn. Hura 25° 20' 25° 20' RJKS-3A Pirpainti RS. Sahibganj Kahalgaon Bara Total 10-15 seams 25° 10' 25° 10' 7 – 8 coal seams 93.60 of 6 – 15m thick 109.90 Rajmahal RS.

Phulberia 25° 00' Simra 25° 00'

Berhait

Brahmani-Birbhum basin –Hansdiha southeastern part 24° 50' 24° 50' 320.17 322.03 3.39 III 350.72 9.64 Total > 15 seams 372.97 24° 40' 24° 40' 7.48 II 2 – 4 coal seams URMA- 10.76 of 5 – 7m thick PAHARITOLA 436.64 1.16 481.43 2.90 I 24° 30' 24° 30' Gopikandar CHAUDHAR- 517.00 G ARIAPANI 6.00 Katikund Ongoing blocks Completed blocks Saldaha 539.45 Proposed block 24° 20' 24°20' 541.55 SAHARPUR- 1.00 JAMARPANI LEGEN D Alluvium KULKULIDANGAL- 606.50 Rajmahal Formation SITASAL BORTALA- 608.50 24° 10' Upper Gondwanas MATHURAPUR 24° 10' Fatehpur Lower Gondwanas RAMPUR- MALLARPUR Metamorphics Khargram

Resource (300-600m)87° 00' 87° 10' 87° 20' 87° 30' 87° 40' 87° 50' 88° 00' 7B.T. (Approx) P o n n a iya r R . CUDDALORE GEOLOGICAL MAP % Geological map of East OF PART OF TAMILNADU NEYVELI % Coast lignitefiled, 6 0 6 12 km Coast lignitefiled, Tamil Nadu R . Tamil Nadu la r V e l

D L IE KEY MAP F mmmmmmmm68° 76° 84° 92° E 6° T m m36° I N L IGN ITE OCCU RRENCES I G Sr inagar OF % L T A M I L N A D U I m m L 35 0 0 35 0 km E Si m la % % V Ch a nd i ga r h % D ehr adun Y E

New Del hi N 8°m % m28°

Itanaga r Ga n g t o k % % Mannargudi Jaipur % Mannargudi Luck now % LIGNITE Dispur % Ko hi m a . Shillong % Patna % % R OCCURENCESImphal % m m M Ag a rtala % % A Aizaw l Gan dhi naga r Bho pa l % % % R anchi OF ID K ol kat a 78° 80° % L L CHE NNA I O Raipur % % TAMIL NADU K 0°m 20° B huba nesw ar m %

Mumbai % D L

12° Hy der abad E % 12° I

U F m m D

A R % Pa n a ji Y N R E

E V A U T L C I

I M ANN ARG UDI % Bang al or e M TH A N JAV U R % Che n n a i % N

2° A m m12° Pondicherry % G A % I 10° T 10° L I

Ra man at hapur am % D Tiu r vananapuram t Ram es waram ° m % m8° % U m m m80 ° m m88° m 72° G R A % 8° 8° N 78° 80° U N MANNARGUDI D A A M N

L I

M A T

Proved areas Target Areas

A L G EN B OF Prospective area Prospective area A Y B

V A I G A Sivaganga I % R L E G E N D I V E R Alluvium

Tertiary sedim ents Upper Gondwanas & Undifferentiated Cretaceous A E R Metamorphic A N I basem ent

S T A Areas : Lignite occurences proved E G B R Misal B TAR GET AR EA A % Ram anathapuram U % T S D A % Rameswaram N Ramnad M A R MANNARGUDI

Lignite seams: 4-5 Quaternary Lignite seams: 4-5 80m Controll points: > - 20 (spacing >1km apart) Depth of overburden: 250 - 350m Ind. Seam thickness: <1m – 28m

Cum. lignite thickness: 15m – 40m Tittacheri Quality: M% : 30% - 40%, A% : 7% - 17% 310m 8m Maceral 5m Huminite (52%-86) Neyveli 7m 20m Exinite (0.9%-5.6%) 457m Inertinite (1.2%-8.7%) Ro.(max): 0.3% to 0.5% RAMNAD

Lignite seams: 1 - 4 Quaternary Controll points: > - 17 (spacing >1km apart) 105m Depth of overburden: 300 - 350m Ind. Seam thickness: <1m – 12m

Cum. lignite thickness: 6m – 18m Cuddalore/ Quality: M% : 35% - 45%, A% : 5% - 18% Tittacheri Maceral Maceral Huminite (48%-80) 345m Exinite (0.9%-5.6%) 9.6m 6.8m Neyveli 1.6m Inertinite (3% - 9%) Ro.(max): 0.3% to 0.5% 607m ThankThank youyou ThankThank youyou JHARIA COALFIELD

Deeper level

Salient

FORMATIONfeatures THICKNESS COAL SEAMS No Thickness Intrusives COAL RESOURCE Raniganj 725m 22 (0.1m-4.7m) Barren Measures 850m 0-600m -- 14.2 bt Barakar 1130m 46 (0.3m-33.0m) 600m-1200m -- 5.2 bt Talchir 225m 0 – 1200m – 19.4 bt Basement -- Deeper level

Salient

FORMATIONfeatures THICKNESS COAL SEAMS No Thickness Mahadeva 500m COAL RESOURCE Panchet 600m Raniganj 600m 7 (0.4m-3.0m) 0-300m -- 3.2 bt Barren Measures 500m 300m-600m -- 1.5 bt Barakar 1000m 26 (0.4m-63.9m) 600m-1200m -- 2.3 bt Talchir 80m 0 – 1200m -- 7.0 bt Basement -- Deeper level NORTH KARANPURA COALFIELD

SalientSalient

FORMATIONfeaturesfeatures THICKNESS COAL SEAMS No Thickness Mahadeva 165m Panchet 225m COAL RESOURCE Raniganj 400m thin bands Barren Measures 385m 0-300m -- 10.3 bt 300m-600m -- 4.3 bt Barakar 500m 5 (0.5m-35.2m) Karharbari 200m 1 (0.5m-10.5m) 0 – 1200m – 14.6 bt Talchir 180m Basement -- SOUTH KARANPURA COALFIELD

Deeper level

Salient featuresFORMATION THICKNESS COAL SEAMS No Thickness COAL RESOURCE Raniganj 360m 7 (0.8m-3.3m) 0-300m -- 3.3 bt Barren Measures 385m 300m-600m -- 1.8 bt Barakar 1050m 42 (0.5m-54.2m) Talchir 180m 600m-1200m -- 0.9 bt Basement -- 0 – 1200m – 6.0 bt DistributionDistribution ofof substantialsubstantial resourceresource underunder ‘Proved’‘Proved’ categorycategorywithin within 0-300m0-300mdepth depth levellevel

11.3

6.9 (in billion tonne) 5.1 4.5 4.1 4.1 4.3

2.5 1.8 2 1.2 ResourceResource >1>1 b.tb.t..

l a li ri a a arh h u anj b pura a ava g pur aig gr ni Kor n an ajmaha Ward n od a Ib-River a Talcher ar R Si G R ar nd-R K .K S. N Ma DistributionDistribution ofof substantialsubstantial resourceresource underunder ‘Indicated’‘Indicated’ categorycategorywithin within 0-300m0-300mdepth depth levellevel

13.1

10.6

7.4 6.9

(in billion tonne)

2.2 2.2 2.4 1.5 1.7 1.2 1.2 ResourceResource >1>1 b.tb.t.. Korba Hasdo Talcher Ib-River Auranga Raniganj Godavari Singrauli Rajmahal N.Karanpura Mand-Raigarh Status of shallow level (<150m) resource needs to be upgraded in different lignite basins

3

2.5

2

Indicated 1.5 Inferred 1

0.5

0

r r e er u h ast a o rm g ikan achc Surat B Ba Na K ast-c habnagar Bharuch E B TamilNadu Rajasthan Gujarat STUDIES CARRIED OUT BY GSI

PETROGRAPHICAL CHARACTER OF GONDWANA COAL IN DIFFERENT COALFIELDS

VITRINITE% EXINITE

Talcher Tatapani-Ramkola TALCHER RAMKOLA-TATAPANI Singrauli SINGRAULI Saharjuri SAHARJURI Wardha WARDHA Sohagpur SOHAGPUR Bokaro BOKARO Jharia JHARIA Satpura SATPURA Raniganj RANIGANJ 0 2 4 6 8 101214161820222426 0 102030405060708090100

INERTINITE SHALE+MINERAL MATTER

Talcher Talcher Tatapani-Ramkola Tatapani-Ramkola Singrauli Singrauli Saharjuri Saharjuri Wardha Wardha Sohagpur Sohagpur Bokaro Bokaro Jharia Jharia Satpura Satpura Raniganj Raniganj

0 102030405060708090100 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50