BLACK HISTORY NEWS & NOTES

NOVEMBER 1983 NUMBER 15

Morning & Afternoon Black History Program Slated at Indiana History Conference, November 5,1983

On Saturday, November 5, School, Mansfield, Ohio. Stanley 1983, for the third consecutive Warren’s paper “The Growth of year the Indiana History Confer­ Crispus Attucks High: From Germ ence, in conjunction with the to Germination,” will deal with the annual business meeting of the period 1922-27 which covers the Indiana Historical Society, will be development of Community senti­ held in Indianapolis at the Airport ment favoring the creation of a Hilton. As part of the Society’s segregated high school. Rosie C. annual meeting the Black History Mickey, who recently presented a Program will participate in a copy of her doctoral dissertation morning and afternoon program. to Russell A. Lane, will discuss The morning session will begin at Lane’s years as principal of segre­ 9:30 a.m. with presentations given gated Crispus Attucks High, by Gwen Crenshaw, researcher entitled “Russell A. Lane and and consultant for the Freetown Secondary Education in Indian­ Village Project and Darrel Bigham, apolis, Indiana: 1930 to 1949. professor of history, Indiana State Donald West, program archivist, University , Evansville. The paper Indiana Historical Society, and Russell A. Lane, principal of Crispus Attucks High, 1930-1957, is the subject of delivered by Gwen Crenshaw will Earl Donalson, recently retired a paper presentation a t the Indiana History focus on “The 1919 Steel Strike in principal of Crispus Attucks High Conference, November 5, 1983. Photo­ Gary, Indiana,” in which a large will serve as moderators for the graphy courtesy of the Indianapolis Recorder number of black workers were in­ sessions. volved in this violent labor dis­ This year’s featured speaker at pute. Darrel Bigham, who has the Saturday luncheon will be published several articles on Roderick W. Nash, professor of blacks in Evansville will discuss History and Environmental Studies special music history program at “The Evansville Argus and Black at the University of California, 10:00 p.m. (see separate story for Evansville: 1938-1943.” The Argus Santa Barbara. Nash, who has details). The cost of the Saturday was the city’s weekly black news­ authored eight books is best luncheon which includes the paper. known for Wilderness and the registration fee is $9.00. Reserva­ Immediately following the lunch­ American Mind. First published tions are required for the luncheon eon the Black History Program by Yale University Press in 1967, and must be received by Tuesday, will conclude its portion of the the book appeared in a second November 1, at the Indiana His­ Conference with two paper pre­ edition (1973) and a third (1982). torical Society, 315 W. O hio sentations on the history of black There have been nineteen reprint­ Street, Indianapolis, Indiana education in Indianapolis. The ings. An outstanding scholar in 46202, (317) 232-1882. The fee for afternoon session will feature two the field of conservation and en­ the all day Saturday sessions is former Indianapolis natives, Stanley vironmental management, the $3.00 (the music history program Warren, associate professor of topic of Nash’s address will be is free to the public). Those plan­ education and director of the “The Roots of American Environ­ ning to attend may preregister or Black Studies Program, DePauw mentalism.” register at the Conference. University, and Rosie C. Mickey, The annual conference will assistant principal, Malabar High begin at 9:30 a.m. and end with a continued on page 2

BHNN_1983-11_NO15 INDIANA HISTORY CONFERENCE Saturday Evening PROGRAM Society Offers (Indianapolis Airport Hilton) Music History Program Graduate Fellowships Has Something For Saturday—November 5, 1983 The Indiana Historical Society Registration: 9:00 a.m. Everyone will offer two $3,500 graduate fellowships for the 1984-85 ac­ Fee $3.00 conference only This year at the final session of $9.00 includes luncheon ademic year to doctoral candi­ the Indiana History Conference dates whose dissertations are in on November 5, at the Indian­ Black History—9:30-11:30 a.m.— the fields of Indiana history or of Parlor D apolis Airport Hilton, there will be Indiana and the regions of which “ The Steel Strike in Gary, Indiana” an evening program consisting of it is traditionally a part, the Old Gwen Crenshaw Freetown Village lectures, demonstrations, and Northwest and Midwest. Project reminiscences by five musicians, The purpose of the fellowship "The Evansville Argus and Black each presenting a different genre grants is to support research and Evansville: 1938-1943" of Indiana music. This program writing that will contribute to an Darrel Bigham Indiana State will be open to the public, free of University, Evansville understanding of the history of charge. Moderator: Donald West, Indiana these areas. To be eligible for the Historical Society INDIANA MUSIC fellowships students must have completed at the time of applica­ LUNCHEON 11:30 a.m-1:00 p.m. 7:00-10:00 P.M. NORTH BALLROOM tion all requirements for the “The Roots of American Environ­ doctoral degree except the re­ mentalism” “Indiana Music: An Overview,” search and writing of their disser­ Roderick W. Nash, University of JOHN EDWARD HASSE, m usicolo­ California, Santa Barbara gist and writer, Cincinnati . tation. Completed applications and Black History—1:30-3:30 p.m.— “Growing Up with Naptown Jazz: A required supportive documents Palor D Memoir,” DAVID N. BAKER, Chair­ must reach the office of the “The Growth of Crispus Attucks High man, Jazz Studies Department, Indiana Historical Society by School: Form Germ to Germination” Indiana University March 15, 1984. For further infor­ Stanley Warren, DePauw University mation and application forms “Russell A. Lane and Secondary Education in Indianapolis: 1930-1949” ‘‘Reminiscences of Hoagy Car­ write: Gayle Thornbrough, Ex­ Rosie C. Mickey, Malabar High michael,” CURTIS HITCH, musician ecutive Secretary, Indiana His­ School, Mansfield, Ohio and misical colleague of Hoagy Car­ torical Society, 315 West Ohio Moderator: Earl Donalson, Educator, michael, Evansville Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202. Indianapolis The Society will announce win­ Music of Hoagy Carmichael (piano ners on May 15, 1984. Additional sessions at the all-day solo performance), FRANK J. GILLIS, Indiana History Conference will focus musician and writer, Grand Marais, on Archaeology, Genealogy (family MN history), Oral history, Labor history, The Indiana Historical Society and Military history. There will also be Folk Music of Indiana (live perform­ will be closed on Saturday, a discussion on John Mitchell's Maps ance), DILLON BUSTIN, musician November 5,1983. of the Old Northwest. and filmmaker, Bloomington

. ■>; * , * «*•' - s ;~ - The Indiana Historical Society Library: Helping Preserve mmm >v Indiana’s African-American Heritage A* - ' . > * :• i A real concern of those interested in Indiana’s African-American heritage is the absence of abundant historical documentation. As a repository, the primary objective of the Indiana Historical Society Library is the Collection, Preservation, and Dissemination of historical materials. With the use of letters, diaries, minute books, all documents, and photographs, researchers and the general public are able to make a more accurate interpretation of persons, communities, and events of the past. The library encourages individuals to donate their papers and photographs and organizations to deposit their inactive records and historical materials. Donors can be assured that their gifts will receive proper care, since the library has a highly skilled professional staff and a climate-controlled storage area. The library also has access to microfilm and photocopying equipment to duplicate materials if owners wish to retain originals. If you wish to donate or lend your materials, please contact: Donald West, program archivist, Black History Program, Indiana Historical Society Library, 315 W. Ohio Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202. Phone: (317) 232-1879. ... -J

2 Smith’s Slavery Materials Entered On OCLC

The following article was written by Linda the most comprehensive means of He was one of the founders of the Carlson Sharp, head of technical services, disseminating the Indiana Historical Associated Press, and at the time of Indiana Historical Society Library. She Society holdings. his death was part owner of the serves on the Board of Directors for While new acquisitions are auto­ Indianapolis News. INCOLSA, OCLC's representative net­ work in Indiana, and is a member of the matically added to the data base as Smith had many interests, en­ OCLC Cataloging Advisory committee. they arrive at the Library, it has been compassing journalism, printing an interesting part of my job to select technology, and politics. He was also The Indiana Historical Society older materialsfrom the collections to an avid student of American history, Library has participated since 1981 in be entered online. Recently a sizeable and amassed a fine library of works an international computerized library number of titles on slavery and the on discrete topics in the field. services utility, OCLC, Inc. {Online abolitionist movement in the United During his lifetime, Smith pub­ Computer Library Center). Members States were catalogued, which may lished an edition of the papers of of OCLC contribute cataloguing merit some attention for researchers Genera! Arthur St. Clair, began work records from their own collections to with a special interest in U.S. history on a biography of Rutherford B. the computer’s data base, so that and black historiography. Hayes, and nearly completed his other OCLC members may use the In 1905, a two-volume work entitled work on slavery. In this work, Smith records for their own cataloguing and A Political History of Slavery was discusses slavery as an institution, acquisitions, and to locate materials published by G.P. Putnam. Itsauthor, the political and commercial motiva­ for interlibrary loan. There are W illiam Henry Smith, died in 1896, tions for maintaining slavery, and currently nearly 10 million biblio­ leaving the manuscript to be com­ ways in which it was incorporated graphic records in the OCLC data pleted by his son, Delavan. into the framework of the United base. William Henry Smith was born in States Constitution. He also traces The online cataloguing method is New York in 1833. He was a journalist the history of the abolitionist move­ much more efficient than the manual and sometime politician who enjoyed ment, its political implications, and method, allowing staff to catalogue close friendship with President legislation leading to the adoption of new materials and to standardize Rutherford B. Hayes. His newspaper the Thirteenth through Fifteenth cataloguing for the entire library. career began in Cincinnati in 1854, Amendments to the Constitution. Storing cataloguing records for our where he was editor for The Type of materials in the data base also offers the Times, a literary political journal. continued on page 4

Black History News and Notes is a quarterly publication of the Indiana Historical Society Library. Intended in part to highlight the activities of the library’s Black History Program, it is issued during the months of February, May, August, and November. Essential to the Black History Program’s success is community involvement and input. Through increased representation (membership) the Indiana Historical Society hopes to broaden its commitment to the study of Indiana’s African-American heritage. Along with Black History News and Notes, membership also includes the quarterly Indiana Magazine of History, published at Indiana University, the monthly Indiana History Bulletin, the Indiana Historical Society’s Monthly Newsletter, and many of the special publications as they are issued—all for only $15.00 a year. To become a member or for further information, write the Indiana Historical Society Library, 315 West Ohio Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202 (317) 232-1879. Correspondence concerning Black History News and Notes should be addressed to Donald West, editor, Black History News and Notes.

Indiana Historical Society Membership Application ------Date

Name Street Address

City State Zip Code Occupation/Profession

Membership Categories (Check one)

□ Annual $15.00 (January through December) Payment must be received before June 1 for current year's membership or membership will begin the following January. (Persons joining after June 1 may join for 18 months, July through December of the following year, for $22.50). □ Sustaining $30.00 □ Contributing $50.00 □ Life $500 Please maii this form and check to: Indiana Historical Society, 315 West Ohio Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202

(See Reverse Side)

3 SMITH’S SLAVERY for the Society’s library, which has to slavery and dating between 1792 continued from page 3 grown and complemented the Smith and the 1870’s have been identified collection in many areasof Old North­ and catalogued online. Many re­ Smith was not a disinterested writer west Territory and Indiana history. on the topic of slavery. His own searchers have had access to these It is relatively unusual to find collec­ journalistic career drew him into the items only through the Lost Cause tions of these materials on slavery in sphere of Republican and Free Soil Press microcard edition of "Slavery any library; pamphlets, particularly, politics in Ohio; he served on the staff pamphlets” from the 1960s. It remains were often considered not worth of the Cincinnait Gazette, which a credit to William Henry Smith, in his keeping, or at least to be of minimal espoused abolitionist views, and was role of historian and collector, for value. To date, between 80 and 90 elected Secretary of State underOhio preserving these items for our titles from Smith’s collection, relating consideration now. Governor John Brough, who de­ feated Southern sympathizer Clement L. Vallandingham in 1860. Smith was also interested in recounting the con­ tributions of Midwestern-based anti­ slavery advocates, particularly those from Ohio. Nevertheless, he did attempt to survey as much of the literature as was possible, on all sides of the slavery question. In fact, he re­ serves some of his strongest criticims for radical abolitionists, whose sensa­ tionalist rhetoric weakened the move­ ment, in his opinion. Smith supported his assertions with citations to pamphletsand books on the topic of slavery. The citations include works on the moral and religious aspects of slavery; records of debates, speeches, and sermons; pro- and anti-slavery tracts; and minutes of anti-slavery organizations. Smith’s personal book collection of works on American history included many of the titles cited. His son Delavan inherited the collection in Jesse Torrey wrote his Portraiture of Domestic Slavery In the United States (Philadelphia, 1896, and in turn willed it in 1922 to 1817) to stimulate interest in proposals to set aside land west of the Mississippi for the Indiana Historical Society, with colonization by freedmen. He described slave sales and kidnappings of blacks in the United States to illustrate his arguments. the request that the William Henry Smith Memorial Library be founded and maintained by the Society. Smith’s collection formed the nucleus

I wish to become a member of the following sections or committees of the Indiana Historical Society and receive their publications. Please limit choice to two.

□ Family History Section □ Military History Section

□ Archeaology Committee D Medical History Committee

S ig na tu re ______

I am interested in the history of blacks in Indiana and would like to receive thequarterly publication, Black History News and Notes.

4 Blacks in the World of Golf: Indianapolis Style

Stanley Warren

Each Saturday and Sunday Douglass Park Club matches with stir because of the match between from January through Labor Day, players from other Midwestern Ella Abel, reigning National local black golfers, in the tradition cities. Foremost among these in Champion, and Julia Siler of St. of goifers around the country, the mid 1930s were Ella Abel and Louis, former champion and na­ feed their addiction by tramping Lucy Williams (Mitcham). Williams tionally ranked player. Such through 7000 yards of manicured was National Champion in 1932 matches were repeated many grass in pursuit of the elusive goal and recaptured the title from Abel times.4 of par. After this labor of love, they in 1936. She repeated as As amatuer black golfers retreat to the magic of television champion in 1937 and 1946. Abel traveled throughout the Midwest, to root for their favorite profes­ had been National Champion in they sought out the “black golf sional for the remainder of the 1934 and '35 and was a moving course” in each town. Those day. force within the Douglass Golf cities most frequently visited Although black golfersappreci- Club. Matches between the two were: Cleveland, Louisville, ate the contributions to this sport for the Club championship drew Detroit, Chicago, Gary, Dayton, by Ben Hogan, Bobby Jones, Sam sizeable crowds, but interest was Cincinnati, and Indianapolis. The Snead, Jack Nicklaus and many greatest when clubs from cities of Douglass Park Course became so others, their real heroes are black. neighboring states, Dayton, popular that it was visited by most Occasionally Lee Elder, or Jim Peoria and St. Louis brought of the top rated black golfers in Dent, or Jim Thorpe will shoot teams to town. The 1936 match­ the country at one time or one or two good rounds and their up between the Douglass Golf another. Not only is it one of the names will appear on the leader Club and the Paramount Golf board, but it is usually Calvin Club of St. Louis created quite a continued on page 6 Peete who carries America's black golfers on his shoulders for the tournament. Although Peete has been a professional golfer for only seven years, he has won more than a million dollars. In Indianapolis, black golfers dream about the shots made by Peete as they tee off at Douglass Park Golf Course. The course was refurbished and opened in 1936 to meet the needs of a growing num­ ber of blacks who were becoming interested in the sport.1 Beard Whiteside was greenskeeper2 and Leo McDaniel was named first Instructor on the course.3 It is only a nine hole layout with a medium level of difficulty, but for many years it was the only choice for these players because of seg­ regation. In golf, segregation may not have been as overt as in other areas of life, but it was certainly much more comfortable to play at the “black golf course.” There were many female golfers who participated in

Stanley Warren is associate professor of education and director of the Black Lucy W. Mitcham, Dayton, Ohio, 1957 courtsey of Lucy W. Mitcham. Special thanks to Studies Program, DePauw University Anthony Radford 5 ing through. By all accounts, Louis was a good golfer, but one who liked to test himself against the best. According to Alton Smith, when Joe Louis came to town the Douglass Park Course was the scene of tremendous matches between Smith, Ted Rhodes, Louis, and John Green, Sr. Louis won the U.G.A. Championship in 1951. In talking to Smith, it is apparent that, although he credits Louis and Rhodes with being good players, giving them an ego- reducing playing lesson was one of his favorite pastimes.8 Most black amateurs played under the auspices of the United Golf Association (U.G.A.) which was founded in Stowe, Massa­ chusetts, in 1926. There were originally 26 member clubs in the U.G.A.; by the mid-1960s the number had increased to nearly Joe Louis at the Douglass Park Course, 1951 90 black golf clubs with about 90,000 members in the United oldest black courses in the nation, enter other events except for the States.9 During the early years of but the current resident profes­ well established “whites only” the U.G.A., Indianapolis natives sional, John Green Sr., was one of clause in Article 1, Section3 of the Sea Ferguson, Robert Whitehead, the first black club professionals P.G.A. Constitution.6 and Charles Martin served as to be admitted to the P.G.A. In This was the first of a series of officers and committee members addition to Green, the Douglass events involving several black in the organization. Course spawned such players amateur players, . including Joe T h e growth of regional and supporters of golf as Alton Louis, that lead to a gradual eas­ branches of the U.G.A., like the Smith, “Beard” Whiteside, “Dyna­ ing of the P.G.A. ban against Midwest District Golf Association mite” Taylor, and two time Profes­ black players. By the mid-1950s a which was begun in 1950, en­ sional Division U.G.A. Champion, few black players, led by Charlie hanced opportunities for Edison Marshall. When golfers Sifford, played on the western leg amateurs to play golf and to pro­ like Ted Rhodes from Nashville, of the tour, but it was not until vide a base of support for the Tennessee came to Indianapolis 1962 that a letter from Bill Spiller sport among blacks. The District they had the unenviable task of protesting segregation practices included teams from Michigan, trying to dethrone a local legend, resulted in the “whites only” Ohio, Illinois, Kentucky, and Alton Smith. At nearly eighty clause being declared un­ Indiana.There was increased years old, Smitty (as he is called constitutional.7 Ironically, the competition among Midwestern by friends) is still very competi­ banning of black players from clubs. Encouraging this activity tive.5 white courses and tournaments were black amateur players in Rhodes was a great golfer him­ had helped to increase activity at Indianapolis led by Bill Carr, self. He was also actively involved “black courses’’ around the Ludie Lee, Elizabeth Stanfield, in the struggle against dis­ country. and several others. They were crimination which excluded black It seems that every clubhouse responsible for much of the suc­ golfers from the P.G.A. In 1948, bull session about golf in the cess of the Midwest District.10 Rhodes and Bill Spiller filed suit “ good old days” at one of these One who took advantage of this against the Professional Golfers courses soon turns to an incident increased activity was George Association (P.G.A.) in an involving former heavyweight Roddy. Roddy, an engineering attempt to gain permission for boxing champion Joe Louis. Not student at the University of Iowa, qualified blacks to enter P.G.A. only was Louis an outspoken sup­ was the first black in the Big Ten sponsored events. Both Rhodes porter of blacks in the world of Athletic Conference to letter in and Spiller had competed in an golf, but he wasoften an unwilling golf (1930-31). He was allowed to open tournament in Los Angeles victim of some of the fine black play only after defeating the top and had finished high enough players who lived in Indianapolis, they should have been eligible to and of others who were just pass- continued on page 7 6 player on the university team, en- $25,000 professional-amateur courses. As the number one route to winning the campus tournament which drew players player of the team for three years, championship. As strange as it from around the country. {The Jones was matched against Jack was for a black to be playing golf booming drives of Jim Thorpe Nicklaus and Tom Weiskopf on in the late 1920s and early 1930s, were too much for the rest of the occasion. Because of his leader­ it was even more strange for a field as he won handily.) Local ship qualities, in his senior year black golfer to be headquartered tournaments like these, with their he was elected Captain by his in Iowa. Not only was Roddy a $1500 and $3000 first-place teammates.12 member of the University of Iowa prizes, assist black professionals In 1981, Bob Kent and Russell Golf Team and its number one who have hopes of making it into Smith won the annual two-man player, he also won the U.G.A. the P.G.A. Today, Thorpe is a best ball event in Indianapolis Championship at Casa Loma, touring professional headed for while competing against the best Wisconsin, in 1930, after hitch­ his first $100,000 year. golfers in the city. Several other hiking to Chicago with golf clubs Recently, a similar effort was local blacks have begun to enter in tow. He was also a medalist in made when John Green Jr., pro­ city-wide amateur competition Philadelphia in 1936 and won fessional at Coffin Golf Course in seeking out the best that Indian­ again at Cleveland in 1937. Being Indianapolis, hosted a $14,000 apolis has to offer. U.G.A. Champ signified that professional-amateur tournament These golfers all seem to agree Roddy was considered the best directed by Calvin Tanner, U.G.A. golf is “pure” with a certainty black am ateur golfer in the amateur champion in 1960 and which is hard to deny. There are country. Although never joining 1962, along with Calvin Hurt, no teammates to blame, no the professional ranks, Roddy, Richard Marshall and Tony Welch. disparity in equipment, and no while coaching golf and teaching In addition to players from exceptions to the rules. Conversely, Auto Shop at Crispus Attucks Illinois, Ohio, Texas, Mississippi, it is a great sport which allows High School, was a member of the Georgia, Florida, and other players to test themselves against Public Links team from Indian­ states, four former touring P.G.A. the ultimate because of its apolis and won the City professionals were entered in the strongly defined levels of achieve­ Championships on two occa­ tournament: Pete Brown, Nate ment and its definitive rules. sions.'1 His successes helped to Starks, Bobbie Stroble, and Developing a swing pattern that sustain black interest in golf in George Brown. Not surprisingly, works and can be repeated is the Indianapolis. of the four, three finished in the goal of most golfers; a goal that Although most black players top five. Generally, players of this can be pursued in a group or preferred to compete in U.G.A. calibre have followed a predicta­ alone. Even though segregation is events rather than on the Public ble pattern that includes college no longer a factor at public Links and in other national stardom and the P.G.A. School courses in Indianapolis, it appears tournaments for amateurs, in before turning professional. No that golf will remain as a vital part 1959 Billy Wright of Seattle black piayer has followed this of leisure time activity for blacks played in and won the national route. Since there have been few because of its captivating nature. Public Links Championship held of them on college or university in Indianapolis. After this victory, teams other than George Roddy, ENDNOTES Wright disappeared from the golf­ most black professionals perfect Indianapolis Recorder, April 25, ing scene. their craft by competing on the 1936. For the most part, golf among unofficial black amateur tour and 2Blacks were barred from “white blacks has been carried on by in events sponsored by the U.G.A. only” golf courses, though they were local golf clubs and other socially- and its local affiliates. allowed on the premises as grounds­ keepers or kitchen help. A little- oriented groups. The earliest Coffin, the oldest course in the known black contributor to the sport city, is the one used by those known group was started in of golf was G.F. Grant, a greens- Chicago at Marquette Park in black players who prefer a longer, keeper, whose invention of the golf 1915. Top Flight and Douglass tougher layout than Douglass. tee was patented on December 12, Golf Clubssponsoryearly tourna­ Now, Coffin is fondly called 1899. ments that attract black golfers “ Ebony Hill.” 3Indianapolis Recorder, A pril 4, from around the Midwest. The In 1956, Forrest Jones Jr. of 1936. Cosmo Knights, a local men’s Indianapolis joined the team at 4Indianapolis Recorder, May 26, social club, sponsors a scholar­ Indiana University as the first and 1936; April 18, 1983. ship tournament which attracts only black ever to participate in interview, John Green, Sr., August 5, 1936. close to 200 golfers each year. In intercollegiate golf at that institu­ 6AI Barkow, G olf’s Golden Grind addition, there have been attempts to tion. According to Coach Bob (New York: Harcourt, Brace, attract black professionals to Fitch, the team members decided Jovanovich, 1974), 206. Indianapolis. In 1973 Indiana not to make southern trips be­ 7Barkow, 201; “P.G.A. Committee Black Expo, a community-based cause of the anticipated diffi­ Votes to Ease Tourney Ban on Negro agency working to improve the culties that would be encountered status of blacks, sponsored a at hotels, restaurants, and golf continued on page 8 7 Family and Community activities that took place in the past and/or which you present your topic, are the In History changed in nature over time. If you are qualities that judges will look for. interested in community life, you may National History Day is funded by NEH investigate the development of neighbor­ Youth Project of the National Endowment NATIONAL HISTORY DAY 1984 is hood population, the ways a town for the Humanities and directed from the a program that encourages students, governed itself; the impact of new trans­ campus of Case Western University, grades six through twelve, to research and portation or industry on a neighborhood, Cleveland, Ohio. prepare papers, projects, performance village or city; the growth of institutions and media presentations on a historical like department stores and amusement theme and to have them judged by history parks; or of community services provided Information Indiana Memorial professionals. The day itself is the cul­ by police forces and fire departments. State Contest: Union—Indiana University, Bloomington, mination of a series of activities which are Remember that communities are also Indiana May 11-12, 1984. designed to help students learn more groups of people (other than families) with For complete contest guide and more about history through use of the content common interests. For example, the crew information write: and methods of social studies, language, of a ship can function as a community. You Lisa Ballard, State Coordinator literature, and the arts. At the district level, may wish to compare life and work Indiana Historical Bureau participants gather on the campus of a patterns of naval crews on different ships 140 N.Senate Ave. college or university where their entries at different times. Or you may examine Indianapolis, IN 46204 are displayed and judged. The top winners convents and monasteries, which are (317) 232-2537 from each district then progress to a state­ religious communities that function like wide event, held in a central location in the families but whose functions change over state. Top winners in each category in time. junior and senior levels then compete in Your topic may be close at hand: your Washington, D.C. own family or community. You can con­ BLACKS IN GOLF Contest Details duct interviews with individuals to supple­ continued from page 7 Students in grades 6 through 12 may ment information in your local library and Players,” New York Times, Jan. 20, enter in any one of the six categories listed historical society. You can also look far beiow. Entries in the Junior Division, afield for a subject: the role of the ancient 1952, 19; "P.G.A. Will Shift Tourney grades 6, 7, and 8 will be judged separately agora on Greek community life; the break­ Site,” New York Times, May 28,1961, from those in the Senior Division, grades up of family life during West African slave 45. 9, 10, 11, and 12. trade; the impact of the Beecher family or interview, Alton Smith, August 5, Contest Categories the Blackwell family on American reform 1983. 1. Historical Paper movements and women’s rights; the effect 9Thomas Rogers, "The Negro Golf 2. Individual Project of the Hapsburg dynasty on the architec­ Tour: A Stepping Stone, For Some, 3. Group Project ture of Vienna. To the ‘Big Money’,” New York Times, 4. Individual Performance The theme is a broad one, so select your August 25,1968, Sec. 5, 53; Interview, 5. Group Performance topic carefully, and develop it in a way that 6. Media Presentation (Individual or makes best use of your abilities and Jacque Ferguson, August 12, 1982. Group) talents. Whatever subject you select, re­ 10lnterview, Bill Carr, April 12,1983. Theme search it thoroughly, explain its historical "Interview, George Roddy, Septem­ The theme for National History Day is setting, describe its historical changeover ber 9, 1983; Indianapolis Recorder, "Family and Community in History.” You time, as well as the interactions and September 19, 1936. are encouraged to select a topic related to significance of families and communities. ^Interview, Bob Fitch, September family roles, family relationships or family These, in addition to the creativity with 12, 1983.

Indiana Historical Society 315 W. Ohio Street Nonprofit Org. Indianapolis, IN 46202 U.S. Postage PAID Indianapolis, Ind. Permit No. 3864