An Analysis of Phineas Fisher and the 'Hacktivist'
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2015 Threat Report Provides a Comprehensive Overview of the Cyber Threat Landscape Facing Both Companies and Individuals
THREAT REPORT 2015 AT A GLANCE 2015 HIGHLIGHTS A few of the major events in 2015 concerning security issues. 08 07/15: Hacking Team 07/15: Bugs prompt 02/15: Europol joint breached, data Ford, Range Rover, 08/15: Google patches op takes down Ramnit released online Prius, Chrysler recalls Android Stagefright botnet flaw 09/15: XcodeGhost 07/15: Android 07/15: FBI Darkode tainted apps prompts Stagefright flaw 08/15: Amazon, ENFORCEMENT bazaar shutdown ATTACKS AppStore cleanup VULNERABILITY reported SECURITYPRODUCT Chrome drop Flash ads TOP MALWARE BREACHING THE MEET THE DUKES FAMILIES WALLED GARDEN The Dukes are a well- 12 18 resourced, highly 20 Njw0rm was the most In late 2015, the Apple App prominent new malware family in 2015. Store saw a string of incidents where dedicated and organized developers had used compromised tools cyberespionage group believed to be to unwittingly create apps with malicious working for the Russian Federation since behavior. The apps were able to bypass at least 2008 to collect intelligence in Njw0rm Apple’s review procedures to gain entry support of foreign and security policy decision-making. Angler into the store, and from there into an ordinary user’s iOS device. Gamarue THE CHAIN OF THE CHAIN OF Dorkbot COMPROMISE COMPROMISE: 23 The Stages 28 The Chain of Compromise Nuclear is a user-centric model that illustrates Kilim how cyber attacks combine different Ippedo techniques and resources to compromise Dridex devices and networks. It is defined by 4 main phases: Inception, Intrusion, WormLink Infection, and Invasion. INCEPTION Redirectors wreak havoc on US, Europe (p.28) INTRUSION AnglerEK dominates Flash (p.29) INFECTION The rise of rypto-ransomware (p.31) THREATS BY REGION Europe was particularly affected by the Angler exploit kit. -
Government Hacking What Is It and When Should It Be Used?
Government Hacking What is it and when should it be used? Encryption is a critical component of our day-to-day lives. For much of the world, basic aspects of life rely on encryption to function. Power systems, transport, financial markets, and baby monitors1 are more trustworthy because of encryption. Encryption protects our most vulnerable data from criminals and terrorists, but it can also hide criminal content from governments. Government hacking is one of the approaches national security and law enforcement agencies use to obtain access to otherwise encrypted information (e.g. the FBI hired a hacking company to unlock the iPhone at the center of the San Bernardino case2). It complements their other efforts to obtain exceptional access3 by asking or requiring tech companies to have the technical ability to decrypt users’ content when it is needed for law enforcement purposes. The Internet Society believes strong encryption is vital to the health of the Internet and is deeply concerned about any policy or action that might put that in jeopardy — regardless of its motivation. Government hacking poses a risk of collateral damage to both the Internet and its users, and as such should only ever be considered as a tool of last resort. Government hacking defined We define ‘government hacking’ as government entities (e.g. national security or law enforcement agencies or private actors on their behalf) exploiting vulnerabilities in systems, software, or hardware to gain access to information that is otherwise encrypted, or inaccessible. Dangers of government hacking Exploiting vulnerabilities of any kind, whether for law enforcement purposes, security testing, or any other purpose, should not be taken lightly. -
Internet Security Threat Report VOLUME 21, APRIL 2016 TABLE of CONTENTS 2016 Internet Security Threat Report 2
Internet Security Threat Report VOLUME 21, APRIL 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS 2016 Internet Security Threat Report 2 CONTENTS 4 Introduction 21 Tech Support Scams Go Nuclear, 39 Infographic: A New Zero-Day Vulnerability Spreading Ransomware Discovered Every Week in 2015 5 Executive Summary 22 Malvertising 39 Infographic: A New Zero-Day Vulnerability Discovered Every Week in 2015 8 BIG NUMBERS 23 Cybersecurity Challenges For Website Owners 40 Spear Phishing 10 MOBILE DEVICES & THE 23 Put Your Money Where Your Mouse Is 43 Active Attack Groups in 2015 INTERNET OF THINGS 23 Websites Are Still Vulnerable to Attacks 44 Infographic: Attackers Target Both Large and Small Businesses 10 Smartphones Leading to Malware and Data Breaches and Mobile Devices 23 Moving to Stronger Authentication 45 Profiting from High-Level Corporate Attacks and the Butterfly Effect 10 One Phone Per Person 24 Accelerating to Always-On Encryption 45 Cybersecurity, Cybersabotage, and Coping 11 Cross-Over Threats 24 Reinforced Reassurance with Black Swan Events 11 Android Attacks Become More Stealthy 25 Websites Need to Become Harder to 46 Cybersabotage and 12 How Malicious Video Messages Could Attack the Threat of “Hybrid Warfare” Lead to Stagefright and Stagefright 2.0 25 SSL/TLS and The 46 Small Business and the Dirty Linen Attack Industry’s Response 13 Android Users under Fire with Phishing 47 Industrial Control Systems and Ransomware 25 The Evolution of Encryption Vulnerable to Attacks 13 Apple iOS Users Now More at Risk than 25 Strength in Numbers 47 Obscurity is No Defense -
APT and Cybercriminal Targeting of HCS June 9, 2020 Agenda
APT and Cybercriminal Targeting of HCS June 9, 2020 Agenda • Executive Summary Slides Key: • APT Group Objectives Non-Technical: managerial, strategic • APT Groups Targeting Health Sector and high-level (general audience) • Activity Timeline Technical: Tactical / IOCs; requiring • TTPs in-depth knowledge (sysadmins, IRT) • Malware • Vulnerabilities • Recommendations and Mitigations TLP: WHITE, ID#202006091030 2 Executive Summary • APT groups steal data, disrupt operations, and destroy infrastructure. Unlike most cybercriminals, APT attackers pursue their objectives over longer periods of time. They adapt to cyber defenses and frequently retarget the same victim. • Common HPH targets include: • Healthcare Biotechnology Medical devices • Pharmaceuticals Healthcare information technology • Scientific research • HPH organizations who have been victim of APT attacks have suffered: • Reputational harm Disruption to operations • Financial losses PII/PHI and proprietary data theft • HC3 recommends several mitigations and controls to counter APT threats. TLP: WHITE, ID#202006091030 3 APT Group Objectives • Motivations of APT Groups which target the health sector include: • Competitive advantage • Theft of proprietary data/intellectual capital such as technology, manufacturing processes, partnership agreements, business plans, pricing documents, test results, scientific research, communications, and contact lists to unfairly advance economically. • Intelligence gathering • Groups target individuals and connected associates to further social engineering -
Sector 17 1 TABLE of CONTENTS
BlueVoyant | Sector 17 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary 3 Key Findings 4 Part 1: Industry Overview 5 Part 2: Threat Landscape 7 Section 1: Criminal Pursuit of Sensitive Financial Information 7 Section 2: Extortion (Non-Ransomware) 9 Section 3: Ransomware 10 Section 4: Criminal Pursuit of PII 11 Section 5: Third-Party Risks 12 Section 6: Password Breaches and Leaks 14 Section 7: Hacktivism 16 Part 3: Dark Web Overview 18 Part 4: Industry Cybersecurity Review 24 Section 1: Legal Sector Overview – Global 24 Section 2: Legal Sector Overview – In Depth 25 Conclusion - Sector 17 28 Citations and Endnotes 29 Recommendations 30 BlueVoyant | Sector 17 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In 2013, the Department of Homeland Security defined 16 sectors critical to securing national infrastructure, resources, and resiliency1. BlueVoyant, a company made up of seasoned cybersecurity experts, including former leaders in our intelligence and law enforcement communities, has identified one more: the legal sector. The integrity of U.S. and international law firms is indispensable ot the functioning of our economies and key public and private institutions. The legal sector ensures justice and order, as well as providing mechanisms that encourage and safeguard innovation and economic growth. The lawyers who help interpret, apply, and enforce the law necessarily become trusted advisors to individuals and corporations. Like healthcare institutions, law firms hold troves of personally identifiable information (PII); they also hold critical intellectual property (IP) and sensitive data for clients. Like banks and credit unions, law firms are critical to the proper functioning of our economy. And like no other sector, except perhaps government, law firms act as a major arbiter and safekeeper of public trust. -
From Hacking Team to Hacked Team to ...?
WWW.VIRUSBULLETIN.COM/CONFERENCE 2018MONTREAL 3 – 5 October 2018 FROM HACKING TEAM TO • evidence of selling an injection proxy for performing various MitM attacks HACKED TEAM TO…? • the once-secret list of customers Filip Kafka • the pricelist ESET, Slovakia • internal communications [email protected] Due to the severity of the leak, Hacking Team was forced to ask its customers to suspend all use of RCS, and was left facing an uncertain future. ABSTRACT The security community has been keeping a close eye on the Hacking Team first came under the spotlight of the security company’s efforts to get back on its feet. With both the source industry following its damaging data breach in July 2015. The code and a ready-to-use builder leaked, it came as no surprise leaked data revealed several zero-day exploits being used and when cybercriminals started reusing the spyware. This was the sold to governments, and confirmed suspicions that Hacking case in January 2016, when Callisto Group reused the source Team had been doing business with oppressive regimes. But code in one of their campaigns [4]. Recent reports have revealed what happened to Hacking Team after one of the most famous that in June 2016, Hacking Team received funding from a hacks of recent years? mysterious investor with ties to Saudi Arabia [5]. Hacking Team’s flagship product, the Remote Control System (RCS), was detected in the wild at the beginning of 2018 in 14 DISCOVERY OF POST-LEAK SAMPLES different countries, including some of those that had previously In the early stages of our investigation, the Citizen Lab provided criticized the company’s practices. -
A DIY Guide to Rob Banks by Subcowmandante Marcos
_ _ _ ____ _ _ | | | | __ _ ___| | __ | __ ) __ _ ___| | _| | | |_| |/ _` |/ __| |/ / | _ \ / _` |/ __| |/ / | | _ | (_| | (__| < | |_) | (_| | (__| <|_| |_| |_|\__,_|\___|_|\_\ |____/ \__,_|\___|_|\_(_) A DIY guide to rob banks ^__^ (oo)\_______ ( (__)\ )\/\ _) / ||----w | (.)/ || || `' Formatted and distributed by ftp://distro "Live Communism, Spread Anarchy!" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ by Subcowmandante Blog: Marcos https://ftpdistro.noblogs.org Instagram: https://instagram.com/ftp.distro Store: https://ftpdistro.github.io Translation of Phineas Fishers Cayman Bank Hack Communique No Copyright 2020© Set in Source Code Pro (24pt, 10pt) and Garamond (12pt) ******************************* We were born at night. We live in it, we hack in it. Here we are, we are the rebel dignity, the forgotten heart of the Интернет. Translation notes: Our fight is for memory and justice, Bulk of translation done by Google Translate (which and the bad government is filled with criminals and did a remarkably good job outside of slang and computer terms!), with edits for clarity and murderers. formatting by @laudecay. I got the Spanish version from the bottom of this article, it’s in the leak: Our fight is for fair and decent work, https://unicornriot.ninja/2019/massive-hack-strikes- and bad government and corporations buy and sell zero offshore-cayman-national-bank-and-trust/ days. The UR article also has a lot of info about the history of Phineas’s hacks and resources she’s provided to the community in the past, and Crimethinc For all tomorrow. has some interviews with her. -
Reporting, and General Mentions Seem to Be in Decline
CYBER THREAT ANALYSIS Return to Normalcy: False Flags and the Decline of International Hacktivism By Insikt Group® CTA-2019-0821 CYBER THREAT ANALYSIS Groups with the trappings of hacktivism have recently dumped Russian and Iranian state security organization records online, although neither have proclaimed themselves to be hacktivists. In addition, hacktivism has taken a back seat in news reporting, and general mentions seem to be in decline. Insikt Group utilized the Recorded FutureⓇ Platform and reports of historical hacktivism events to analyze the shifting targets and players in the hacktivism space. The target audience of this research includes security practitioners whose enterprises may be targets for hacktivism. Executive Summary Hacktivism often brings to mind a loose collective of individuals globally that band together to achieve a common goal. However, Insikt Group research demonstrates that this is a misleading assumption; the hacktivist landscape has consistently included actors reacting to regional events, and has also involved states operating under the guise of hacktivism to achieve geopolitical goals. In the last 10 years, the number of large-scale, international hacking operations most commonly associated with hacktivism has risen astronomically, only to fall off just as dramatically after 2015 and 2016. This constitutes a return to normalcy, in which hacktivist groups are usually small sets of regional actors targeting specific organizations to protest regional events, or nation-state groups operating under the guise of hacktivism. Attack vectors used by hacktivist groups have remained largely consistent from 2010 to 2019, and tooling has assisted actors to conduct larger-scale attacks. However, company defenses have also become significantly better in the last decade, which has likely contributed to the decline in successful hacktivist operations. -
2016 CYBERTHREATS and TRENDS REPORT Verisign Idefense® Security Intelligence Services CONTENTS
2016 CYBERTHREATS AND TRENDS REPORT Verisign iDefense® Security Intelligence Services CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4 CYBERCRIME 6 Criminal Migration to the Darknet 6 Ransomware-as-a-Service 6 The Rise of DD4BC 7 Downloader Architecture Evolves 8 VULNERABILITIES 10 Increased Adobe Flash Exploitation 10 Proliferation of Exploit Kits 11 Hacking Team Hacked; Zero-Days Leaked 12 HACKTIVISM 14 Ideological Hacktivism in International Decline 14 Increase in Hacktivist OPSEC 15 Shift to Criminal and Notoriety Hacktivism 15 Increasing Size, Complexity of DDoS Attacks 16 CONCLUSION 18 ABOUT VERISIGN 18 2 Verisign Public | 2016 Cyberthreats and Trends INTRODUCTION The Verisign iDefense 2016 Cyberthreats and Trends Report provides an overview of the key cybersecurity trends of the previous year and insight into how Verisign believes those trends will evolve over the coming year. The objective of this report is to assist in informing cybersecurity and business The Verisign iDefense 2016 operations teams of the critical cyberthreats and trends impacting their Cyberthreats and Trends enterprises, helping them anticipate key cybersecurity developments and more Report provides an overview effectively triage attacks and allocate increasingly limited resources. of the key cybersecurity trends of the previous year This report features conclusions drawn from Verisign iDefense Security and insight into how Verisign Intelligence Services research and analysis covering cybercrime, hacktivism believes those trends will and vulnerabilities. These areas of coverage include public and zero-day evolve over the coming year. vulnerabilities, threat tactics, distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks, threat actors, threats to key infrastructure, strategic intent, malware tools, and threat and vulnerability management, mitigation and countermeasures. -
Accountability and Government Discovery of Computer Exploits 1.2.1
Accountability and the Canadian Government’s Reporting of Computer Vulnerabilities and Exploits By Christopher Parsons1 Abstract: Computer security vulnerabilities can be exploited by unauthorized parties to affect targeted systems contrary to the preferences their owner or controller. Companies routinely issue patches to remediate the vulnerabilities after learning that the vulnerabilities exist. However, these flaws are sometimes obtained, used, and kept secret by government actors, who assert that revealing vulnerabilities would undermine intelligence, security, or law enforcement operations. This paper argues that a publicly visible accountability regime is needed to control the discovery, purchase, use, and reporting of computer exploits by Canadian government actors for two reasons. First, because when utilized by Canadian state actors the vulnerabilities could be leveraged to deeply intrude into the private lives of citizens, and legislative precedent indicates that such intrusions should be carefully regulated so that the legislature can hold the government to account. Second, because the vulnerabilities underlying any exploits could be discovered or used by a range of hostile operators to subsequently threaten Canadian citizens’ and residents’ of Canada personal security or the integrity of democratic institutions. On these bases, it is of high importance that the government of Canada formally develop, publish, and act according to an accountability regime that would regulate its agencies’ exploitation of computer vulnerabilities. Version: 1.2.1 Dated: Nov 2, 2018 1 Dr. Christopher Parsons a Research Associate at the Citizen Lab, in the Munk School of Global Affairs and Public Policy with the University of Toronto. His research focuses on the privacy, security, and political implications of third-party access to telecommunications data. -
Ubootkit: a Worm Attack for the Bootloader of Iot Devices Authors
UbootKit: A Worm Attack for the Bootloader of IoT Devices Authors {Jingyu YANG ([email protected]), Chen GENG, Bin WANG, Zhao LIU, Chendong LI, Jiahua GAO, Guize LIU, Jinsong MA}(Tencent) {Weikun YANG ([email protected])}(Princeton University) Abstract The security of the IoT has never been so important, especially when millions of devices become parts of everyday life. Most of the IoT devices, however, are vulnerable to cyberattacks as the hardware resources are limited or the security design is missing during the development. Tencent Anti-Virus Laboratory demonstrates a new worm prototype dubbed UbootKit, which targets at the bootloader of IoT devices, to indicate how a worm can propagate between variable devices and why it is difficult to be eliminated. UbootKit attack is a kind of manipulation attack against the bootloader, causing infected devices to be remotely controlled and spreading malware to other devices. UbootKit is extremely difficult to be removed, even by physically pressing the reset button, and is able to attack various kinds of IoT devices with Linux system. A demonstration will be introduced to explain how UbootKit is able to propagate between ARM and MIPS based devices. First, the worm rewrites the bootloader to parasite on the host. Second, the modified bootloader hijacks the starting procedure of the Linux kernel in memory. The malicious code in the kernel will download a worm program and execute it with the root privilege. Finally, the downloaded worm program attacks other devices through password scanning or remote execution exploits. The experiment affirms that UbootKit is able to infect real IoT products, such as routers and webcams. -
Exposing and Challenging Government Hacking for Surveillance
Pay No Attention to That Man Behind the Curtain: Exposing and Challenging Government Hacking For Surveillance Pay No Attention to That Man Behind the Curtain: Exposing and Challenging Government Hacking for Surveillance June 2018 Pay No Attention to That Man Behind the Curtain: Exposing and Challenging Government Hacking For Surveillance Contents Introduction 02 Government Hacking for Surveillance: 10 Necessary Safeguards 03 Q&A 04 Hacking Safeguards In Context 10 Argentina 10 Uganda 11 Chile 13 Colombia 16 Mexico 18 Ethiopia 20 Conclusion 22 01/23 Pay No Attention to That Man Behind the Curtain: Exposing and Challenging Government Hacking For Surveillance Introduction Privacy and security are both essential to protecting individuals, including their autonomy and dignity. Undermining privacy undermines the security of individuals, their devices and the broader infrastructure. People need privacy to freely secure themselves, their information, and fully enjoy other rights. In turn, the systems that constitute our modern infrastructure, whether commercial or governmental, must be secure and aid in securing privacy. Ensuring that our devices, networks and services are secure is a constant challenge. Security requires multiple actors – particularly security researchers, industry and the government – to commit significant resources and cooperate with each other. Technological systems must support and enhance privacy, not undermine it. Laws or practices must not compel individuals or organisations to undermine their security or the security they provide to the users who place their trust in them. Unfortunately, commitment to security is lacking across the world. Instead, poorly drafted cyber security and cyber crime laws focus on monitoring and criminalising online behaviour and increasing state surveillance powers rather than addressing the root problems of insecure systems.