Zimbabwe News, Vol. 16, No. 5

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Aluka is a not-for-profit initiative dedicated to creating and preserving a digital archive of materials about and from the developing world. For more information about Aluka, please see http://www.aluka.org Zimbabwe News, Vol. 16, No. 5

Alternative title Zimbabwe News Author/Creator Zimbabwe African National Union Publisher Zimbabwe African National Union (, Zimbabwe) Date 1985-05-00 - 1985-06-00 Resource type Magazines (Periodicals) Language English Subject Coverage (spatial) Zimbabwe Coverage (temporal) 1985 Source Northwestern University Libraries, L968.91005 Z711 v.14-16 Rights By kind permission of ZANU, the Zimbabwe African National Union Patriotic Front. Description Editorial. List of Candidates. Zvinangwa neZvirongwa zve-ZANU (PF) by Chidadiso Murusununguko. The Policies and Programmes of ZANU (PF) A Proud Record of Achievement. Izinqumo Lenhlelo ze-ZANU (PF) Ingqubelaphambili Ebukekayo. President Addresses Nation Independence Anniversary. May Day — Labour Day PM On Pay Increase. Format extent 38 page(s) (length/size)

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http://www.aluka.org wis wis GHT AND MWBABWE we News of ZANU(PF) Road, Workington, (ird. sales tax) a Newspaper 70. The Candidates of ZANU (PF) Zvinangwa nezvirongwa zve-ZANU (PF): Chidadiso Murbusununguko The Policies and Programmes of ZANU (PFY A Proud Record of Achievement P' ze-ZANJ (PF): ngqub~laphambili Ebukek yo Pos er All Central Con t Membe m t ~F ( -/;;: R--

Contents ,,, May Day Address: Prime Minister Robert Gabriel Mugabe (see page 30) Editorial ...... 1 List of Candidates ...... 2 & 3 Zvinangwa neZvirongwa zve-ZANU (PF) Chidadiso Murusununguko ...... 4 The Policies and Programmes of ZANU (PF) A Proud Record of Achievement ...... 4 Izinqumo Lenhlelo ze-ZANU (PF) lngqubelaphambili Ebukekayo ...... 4 President Addresses Nation Independence Anniversary ...... 22 May Day - Labour Day PM On Pay Increase ...... 30 Independence Address: President Canaan Banana (see page 22) "I , I 111 General Election 1985. Worker of the Year: Vote ZANU (PF)! Comrade Phineas Makovere (seepage 32) Zimbabwe News is the official News Organ of the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZAN U/PF) and is prociucedon the authority of the Central Committee by the Department of Information and Publicity, Jongwe Printing and Publishing Co., No 14 Austin Road, Workington, Harare. World Copyright, Central Committee (ZANUIPF). Pictures by Jongwe Archives, Herald and Ministry of Informallon noon= W1_ _.1.- _- 11 Tj 0 N _QW E

Zimbabwe News VolJ6 No. 5 MaylJune 1985 1 Editorial The Republic of Zimbabwe will shortly be holding its first Post Independence Elections five years after the Independence flame was lit. The Government has taken all constitutional measures necessary to hold free and fair elections. The way the elections are conducted is stipulated in the Election Schedule of the Lancaster House Constitution. It is the Constitution that tells us what to do and not ZANU (PF). There are four bodies that are responsible to ensure that elections are free and fair. 1. The Cabinet Committee on Elections which is chaired by the Minister of Justice, Legal and Parliamentary Affairs, Comrade and consists of four other government Ministers is responsible for organisation of the election process, ensuring that all safeguards are met in order forZimbabwe to hold Free and Fair elections. The Committee which also includes the Minister of National Supplies Comrade Enos Nkala, the Minister of Information, Posts and Telecommunications Comrade , the Minister of Security, Comrade Emmerson Munangagwa and the Minister of Home Affairs, Comrade has been meeting over the past year making certain that the various committees or commissions charged with the holding of elections are not confronted with unsurmountable problems. 2. The National Election Directorate is a Committee of top ranking civil servants chaired by Mr. Malcom Thomson - the Chairman of the Public Service Commission who was Chairman of a similar committee during the 1980 election which brought independence to Zimbabwe. The other members of the Election Directorate are the Permanent Secretaries in the Ministry of Justice, Legal and Parliamentary Affairs and Local Government and Town Planning, Comrades David Zamchiya and Dr. Mariyawanda Nzuwa respectively, the Registrar-General Comrade Tobaiwa Mudede and the Commissioner of Police. The responsibilities of this committee are to register voters, ensure that the voting system is impeccable and approve Returning Officers, making sure that voting slips are in order, Party Symbols are registered and that all polling booths have all the necessary papers needed for voting. Two point eight million Zimbabweans have now been registered as voters and civil servants of varying levels are now holding regular meetings supervised by the National Elections Directorate in preparation for the forthcoming General Elections. 3. The Delimitation Commission is responsible for ensuring that the 80 constituencies for the common voters roll and the 20 constituencies reserved for the whites by the Lancaster House Agreement are prepared in line with the Constitutional requirements. The commission which is headed by Judge President Wilson Sandura and includes Comrade Tranos Makombe, President of the Senate, Professor Reginald Austin and Mrs. Amina Hughes - member of the Board of Governors of the Zimbabwe Broad- AI A FREE AND FAIR ELECTIONS casting Corporation reports directly to the President of the Republic of Zimbabwe, Comrade Canaan Banana as required by the Constitution and not to the Government. In line with the Constitution the Delimitation Commission which is not controlled by Government, has to make sure that no constituency is ten per cent larger or smaller than another. The Kariba constituency for example, should not have ten per cent more or less voters than Karoi. This is as it is stipulated in the Lancaster House Constitution. , Abel Muzorewa and were at Lancaster and they agreed to this constitution that the government is abiding by. According to the Zimbabwe Constitution, the Judiciary is independent of the government. This is guaranteed in the Lancaster House Constitution. 4. The Fourth and last is the Election Supervisory Commission which is charged with overall supervision and Superintendance of the Elections. This Commission interacts and co-ordinates with other Commissions to ensure that the voters have been registered, the elections are conducted in a free and fair atmosphere and members of the House of Assembly and Senate are elected in the proper manner. Every proposed Bill and Statutory Instrument or Regulation goes to this Commission for comments. The Election Supervisory Commission is entitled to make reports to the President on matters it feels reports should be made and also makes reports when requested to do so. They can receive complaints from individuals, constituencies and political parties. The Registrar-General attends meetings of this Commission in order to provide it with the overall picture of the stage being set for the elections. Since these elections are being held according to the Lancaster House Constitution and not as per ZANU (PF)'s request, it is this independent Commission which advised government to postpone the elections from last March because it felt they would not have been free and fair since a number of constitutional requirements, such as the registration of voters, had not been met satisfactorily. The Election Supervisory Commission is Chaired by the Vice Chancellor of the University of Zimbabwe, Professor Walter Kamba. The other members are Mrs. Muriel Rosin a former member of Parliament, Mr. lawyer, Bishop Hatendl of the Anglican Church and Mr. J.Z. Gumede who was President of ZimbabweRhodesia regime. Two of its members were appointed by the President on the advice of the Judiciary and Public Service Commission while the other two were appointed on the advice of the Speaker of the House of Assembly. The Government of the Rebpublic of Zimbabwe has been meticulous in seeing that all constitutional requirements have been met. It has left no stone unturned in doing all it can to abide by the Lancaster House Constitution and ensuring that the First Post Independence Elections are truly Free and Fair. ZimDaowe News Vo1.16 No. 5 May/June 1985

2" Vol.16 No. 5 May/June 1985 Zimbabwe News Boundaries of Constituencies do not necessarily correspond with that of Provinces The Candidates of ZANU (PF) Mashonaland East: Highfield Chinamora Chitungwiza Dzivaresekwa Glen View G oromonzi Harare Manyame Marondera Mbare Mudzi Mufakose Mukuvisi Murehwa North Murehwa South Mutoko Zengeza - Cde. ; - Cde. ; - Cde. ; - Cde. M. Nyagumbo; - Cde. I. Mashonganyika. - Cde. Bute; - Cde. ; - Cde. Robert Marere; - Cde. ; - Cde. Edward Pswarayi; - Cde. Abraham Kabasa. - Cde. J. Zhakata; - Cde. ; - Cde. P. Chabaya; - Cde. ; - Cde. Richard Katsande; - Cde. J. Madzinga. Mashonaland West: Chegutu East Chegutu West Kadoma Kariba Karoi Makonde East Makonde North Makonde West - Cde. Alexio Mudzingwa; - Cde. Enos Chikowore; - Cde. Charles Ndlovu; - Cde.Robson Manyika; Cde. E. Kwenda. - Cde. Sabina Mugabe; - Cde. ; - Cde. Nathan Shamuyarira. Mashonaland Central: Bindura-Shamva - Cde. Teurai Ropa Nhongo; Darwin - Cde. G. Rutanhire; Guruve - Cde. R. Mucheki; Mazowe - Cde. Chen Chimutengwende; Rushinga - Cde. Paddington Zvorwadza. Matabeleland North: Binga Bulawayo Hwange/Tsholotsho Lupane Magwegwe Mpopoma Nkayi Pelandaba Nyamandlovu Cde. ; Cde. Amina Hughes; Cde. Obed Mpofu; Cde. Sellina Tshabalala. Cde.Reuben Zemura; Cde. Josiah Chidyamakono; Cde. Simon Ndebele; Cde. Amanda Ntuli; Cde. Shadreck Ndlovu. qIMoao-we News Vo1.16 No. 5 MaylJune 1985 Matabeleland Beitbridge Bulilima-Mangwe Gwanda Insiza Matopo Mzingwane South: - Cde. John Mbedzi; - Cde. Callistus Ndlovu; - Cde. Alick Ndlovu; - Cde. Enos Nkala; - Cde. J. Dhube; - Cde. Joshua Masilela. Midlands: Charter East Chirumanzi Gokwe East Gokwe West Gvyeru Gweru Urban Kwekwe East Kwekwe West Shurugwi Wedza Zvishavane Mberengwa North Mberengwa South Manicaland: Buhera North Buhera South Chimanimani Chipinge Makoni East Makoni West Mutare East Mutare Urban Mutare West Mutasa Nyanga Masvingo: Bikita Chivi Chiredzi North Chiredzi South Gutu North Gutu South Masvingo North Masvingo South Mwenezi Ndanga East Ndanga-Zimuto - Cde. - Cde. - Cde. - Cde. - Cde. - Cde. - Cde. - Cde. Ernest Kadungure; Frederick Shava; Byron Hove; D. Makanganise. Ernest Tongogara; ; Emmerson Munangagwa; J. Chinyati. - Cde. Simbarashe Mumbengegwi; - J. Jekanyika; - Cde. Julia Zvobgo; - Cde. Richard Hove; - Cde. B. Mataka. - Cde. K. Manyonda; - Cde. Kumbirai Kangai; - Cde. M. Sithole; - Cde. William Ndangana. - Cde. N. Nhiwatiwa; - Cde. ; - Cde. L.G.C. Nzarayebani. - Cde. Edgar Tekere; - Cde. Moton Malianga; - Cde. Victoria Chitepo - Cde. Chimbidzayi Sanyangare - Cde. G. Machinga; - Cde. J. Hungwe; - Cde. H.H. Pote; - Cde. T. Maluleko; - Cde. Oliver Munyaradzi; - Cde. S. Mahofa. - Cde. Dzingai Mutumbuka; - Cde. Eddison Zvobgo; - Cde. J. Machava; Cde. Simbi Mubako; - Cde. Mayor Urimbo.

4 Vol.16 No. 5 MaylJune 1985 Zimbabwe News SHONA ENGLISH NDEBELE ZVINANGWA NEZVIRONGWA ZvE-ZANU (PF): THE POLICIES AND PROGRAMMES OF ZANU (PF): IZINQUMO LENHLELO ZE-ZANU (PF): CHIDADISO A PROUD RECORD INGQUBELAPHA MB I MURUSUNUNGUKO OF ACHIEVEMENT EBUKEKA YO Rusununguko rwedu rwakawanikwa kubudikidza nehondo inehukasha yakakonzera kudeuka kweropa rezviuru nezviuruzvevanhu ve Zimbabwe. Vagari vemumaruwa, vashandi, vadzidzi vezvikoro pamwe nevane dzidzo yepamusoro, vachibatsirana neveruzhinji vane pfungwa dzine budiriro mupasi rese nenyika dzinotevera gwara reruwadzano, vakasungana kurwisa hupambevhu munyika yedu yechizvarwa. Veruzhinji vachitsigira gwara rebato ravo reZANU (PF), vakavhotera kusimudzira zvinangwa zvaro zvebindurazvinhu muna 1980. Kana totarisa makore mashanu akapfuura, mushure mekuwana kuzvitonga kuzere, ZANU (PF) pamwe nehurumende, dzakaendesera mberi gwara rekupindura zvinhu munyika zvichiunza magariro matsva kune veruzhinji vanga vakadzvanyirirwa, kunyange zvazvo pakave nedambudziko rekuderera kwehupfumi mupasi rese. Zvimwe zvezvinangwa zvegutsaruzhinji zvinotevedzwa neZANU (PF) zvakasimudzirwa kuunza magariro matsva kuvanhu ndezvinotevera. KUGOVERWA KWE NZVIMBO DZAKANAKA DZEKUGARA Nyaya yekugoverwa kwevhu inyaya yanga yakakomba zvikuru munguva dzeho ndo yerusununguko kusvikira parizvino. Zvinangwa zvekugoverwa kwevhu zvakaenzanirana munyika ndizvo zvanga zvirimusimboti wehondo yerusununguko ye ZANU (PF) panguva dzese. Ku Lancaster House, pahurukuro dzekuwana kuzvitonga kuzere, ZANU (PF) yakamanikidza kuti bumbiro remutemo riise pachena mvumo yekugoverwa kwevhu kune veruzhinji munyika. Gakava iri rakatora mwedzi wese kusvikira zvirongwa zvebato zvabvumwa. Mapato ezvimbwasungata, UANC ya Muzorewa ne Conservative Our Independence was won after a long and bitter liberation war in which thousands of lives were lost. It took the collective efforts of all our people peasants, workers, students and intellectuals - to achieve it with the support of socialist countries, Scandinavian countries and progressive organisations. In recognition of the leading role which ZANU (PF) played in the struggle you overwhelmingly voted for the Party in 1980, and gave it the green light to begin a new war for socio-economic transformation. Over the past five historic years, despite the effects of world-wide economic recession and a hard-hitting drought, ZANU (PF) and its government have done much to bring about positive transformation in our society, and to give our nation a new hope for the future in line with our chosen path of socialism. This transformation has been very comprehensive, and here only a few examples of the changes which have been effected can be mentioned. LAND RESETTLEMENT AND REDISTRIBUTION The question of land lay at the heart of our struggle for liberation. It remains a burning issue today. Throughout the struggle ZANU (PF) was the only Party which was committed to genuine land distribution. Indeed ZANU (PF) held up the constitutional talks at Lancaster House for a whole month on this question, until it was agreed that land would be re-distributed. The UANC and [an Smith's Conservative Alliance wanted to retain the old order which kept the vast majority of our people crowded in semibarren areas, while ZAPU wanted this critical issue fudged because its leadership was cracking under war fatigue. Inkululeko yethu sayithola ngemva kwempi eyayinde ilobunzima nialo inkulungwane zabantu zalahlekelwa yimiphefumulo. Ukunqoba esakwenzayo kweza ngemva kokulwa kulokumanyana kukazulu wonke ogoqela owemaphandleni izisebenzi, izifundi lezifundiswa. Saphathiswa kakhulu ngamazwe angempumalanga yaphetsheya alandela umbuso, wokusuthiswa kwezifiso zikazulu kanye lenhlanganiso zengqubelaphambii. Ekutshengiseleni kwenu umsebenzi omkhulu owenziwa libandla likazulu IeZANU (PF) ekukhululeni leli lizwe, lakhetha leli bandla ekubuseni iZimbabwe ngo 1980. Lethula emahlombe alo umthwalo omkhulu wokufeza impi yokuletha ingugquko kunhlalakahle kazulu lakunotho yelizwe. lbandla likazulu IeZANU (PF) selilethe ingqubelaphambili ebukekayo kunhialakahle kazulu phakathi kweminyaka emihlanu edluleyo kungakhathalekile ngenhlupho ezalethwa yikwehla kwenotho yamazwe omhlaba kanye lendlala eyalethwa yikungani kwezulu. Khathesi isizwe sethu sesilethemba elitsha lengakusasa elempumelelo silandela umbuso esawukhethayo wokusuthiswa kwezifiso zikazulu. Ingqubelaphambili eyenziwe libandlalikazulu lohulumende isobala njalo silakho ukutshengisa imizekeliso yalingqubelaphambili. UKUHLALISWA KuTSHA KUKAZULU LOKWABEL WA KOMHLABA THI Udaba lokwabelwa komhlabathi yilo oIwaba yisiqokoqela sokufezwa kwempi yenkululeko. Lalamhla lolu daba lokhu luqakathekile. Ngaso sonke isikhathi sempi yenkululeko, ibandla likazulu leZANU (PF) laba yilo kuphela elahzinikele ekwabelweni okuqotho komhlabalhi. Yikho nje iZANU (PF) yala ukuthi inku-

News Vol.16 No. 5 May/June 1985 (PF) is committeed to genuine land distribution Alliance ya Smith, akanga achida kuti zvinhu zvigare sezvazvakange zvakaita munguva dzehudzvanyiriri, paitinhirwa veruzhinji kugara munzvimbo dzemajecha bedzi. ZAPU haina kuda kuti nyaya yakakomba seiyi ikurukurwe nezvayo zvakanyanya nekuda kwekuti vatungamiri vayo vadzimaidzwa nekuneta kukurukura nezvinangwa zveveruzhinji vakadzyanyirirwa. Munguva dzehudzvanyiriri, varimi vachena vanosvika zvuru zvishanu bedzi ndivo vanga vakagara munzvimbo zhinji dzakaorera munyika, vatema vemunyika muno vachigara munzvimbo dzisina kuo rera shomashoma vakamanikidzana. Ka na nazvino marizevha akatangiswa nguva dzehudzvanyiriri avekuita semagwenga. Pachingowanikwa kuzvitonga kuzere, ZANU (PF) yakabva yatangisa kugovera veruzhinji munyika nzvimbo dzakanaka dzekugara. Parizvino, vanhu vakatsvakirwa pekugara patsva nebato vave kusvika kumazana maviri nemakumi maviri nemashanu ezviuru. Hurumende yakate nga nzvimbo itsva dzekugovera veruzhinji vaigara mumaruzevha dzinokosha zviuru makumi mashanu nemazana matanhatu zvemadhora zvichiraudzira kubvira kuwanikwa kwe rusununguko. Huwandu hwevachatsvagirwa nzvimbo itsva dzekugara hausati hwakwana parizvino kusvika pachinangwa chezviuru zana nemakumi matanhatu nezviviri. Bato ra kazvipira kugadzirisa nyaya iyi munguvapfupi dzinotevera. Nhasi uno, mapato evatengesi eUANC, CA neZAPU arikufamba achiparidzira venzhinji manyepo anonyadzisa nekuvibisa veruzhinji mazhanhe akaora. Kana wave kutariswa zvinangwa zvaitevedze- Before independence about 5 04 mercial white farmers owned 511 of all the land in the country several million Africans were con about 31 per cent. The situat Africans, particularly in the si "tribal trust lands", was deteri alarmingly. That was why ZAN quickly initiated a big resettleme gramme when it came to pow number of families resettled un programme to date represent 225 000 people. Almost 21 109 tares have been bought at a $50 652 192 for this purpose estimated that up to 65 per cen resettled population are from con lands. The figure of 30 000 families w have successfully resettled falls our target of 162 000. The Party a major thrust on this in future, there are still many poor Zimba without land and without jobs ti Today the UANC, CA and Z going round the country promisi pie the skies. But their records in ment on the critical land questi other matters are there for all to people will not be deceived. Du short-lived regime of the UANC was ever distributed to the peasa Smith regime actually dispossess peasants of the land they had enacted the Land Tenure Act w creased the discrimination Africans on land matters, a poverished them. ZAPU has nev in power but what it says on Ian palling and reactionary. When ministers were in the Governme Aru are ng peogovernion and see; the ring the no land nts. The ed some d. They hich inagainst nd em'er been d is apZAPU nt none INHLANGANISO ZOKUSEBENZELANA Ngesikhathi iZANU (PF) ikhuthaza ekubunjweni kwenhlanganiso zokusebenzelana, inengi kalizange likuzwisise. Lokhu kakuzange kumanga/ise ngoba amabhunu ayetshumayela amanga phezu kwebandla likazulu /eZANU (PF) esithi lingabusa lizathathela abantu amabele abo, inkomo, imbuzi, izimvu, inkukhu, amabhayisikili kanye lezindlu zabo. Kodwake kusukela ngo1980 lapho okwaqalisa ukubusa khona ibasidla likazulu, uhulumende kazange athathele uzu/u loba yi- f 5 lumo zenkululeko ezenzelwa eLancaster House ziqhubekele phambili okwesikha| thi eside, ngaphandle kokuba sekufinyeleiwe kusivumelwano sokwabelwa kutsha komhlabathi. Ibandla IeUANC lelamabhunu elalikhokhelwa ngulan Smith eleConservative A liance ayefuna ukuthi umbuso wamabhunu owawucindezele inengi leZimbabwe uqhubekele phambili, uzu/u wemaphandleni aqhubekele phambili ehlezi endaweni ezomileyo lemhlabathini ogugudekileyo. Ibandla IeZA PU Iona lifuna ukuthi loludaba lubekwe eceleni ngoba abakhokheli ba/o basebengasafuni ukuqhubekela phambili ngempi yenkululeko. Inkululeko singakayitholi abalimi bamabhunu bamapulazi amakhulu abazinkulungwane ezinh/anu babethumbe ingxenye yelizwe lethu. Ikanti inengi labansundu laminyaniswa endaweni ezomileyo. Abansundu bahlupheka kakhu/u endaweni zemaphandeni abanyaniswa kuzo. Yikho okwabangela ibandla likazulu /eZANU (PF) ekusungeleni masinyane uhlelo /okuhlaliswa kutsha kukazulu ngemva kokukhethwa ekubuseni iZimbabwe. Sekulemuli ezizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amabili lamatshumi amabili lanhIanu eseziphiwe indawo ezintsha zokuhala. Kwathengwa amahectare edlu)Ocom- la izigidi ezingamatshumi amahlanu per cent ekuhlaliseni kutsha uzulu endaweni lezi. , while Nalo inengi labahlaliswa kutsha lavela fined to endaweni zemaphandleni. tion of Nomanje sekuhlaliswe kutsha imuli ezio-called zinkulungwane ezingamatshumi amathaorating thu injongo yebandla elibusayo ngeyoiU (PF) kuhlalisa kutsha imuli ezedlula inkulunt pro- ngwane ezilikhulu lamatshumi ayisithupa er. The lambii. lbandla likazulu /eZANU (PF) der this lilamalungiseelo wokuthuthukisa lolu s some h/elo eminyakeni ezayo ngoba kusasele 180 hec- imu/i ezimpofu eZimbabwe okufanele cost of ziphathiswe ekuphiweni indawo ezintsha . It is zokuhlala okuzazithuthukisa kunhla/akat of the hie yazo. mmunal Lamuhla ibandla IeUANC, CA kanye le/eZAPU ayahamba hamba elizweni e'hich we thembisa uzulu ize. Kodwake uzulu kasoshort of ze akhohliswe yilamabandla ngoba ehlu0 leka ukugcwalisa izifiso zikazulu endaexpects beni eziqakathekileyo. IZANU (PF) yilo bweans kuphela ibandla lezombuso welizwe elizimiseleyo ekwabeleni ngemfanelo u0 go to. mhaba kuzulu wemaphandleni.

K" Vol.16 No. 5 May/June 1985 rwa nemapoka awa paaidzvanyirira veruzhinji, zvinoonekwa kuti, donzo remapoka awa nderekudzosera budiriro yeveruzhinji mushure. Panguva yemuchato waMuzorewa naSmith nehurumende yavo, veruzhinji havana kukwanisa kunge vachigoverwa ivhu rechizvarwa chavo. Chokwadi ndechekuti Smith pachake ndiye akaita zvirongwa zvekudzinga vagari veZimbabwe munzvimbo dzakanaka dzavaigara achivaendesa kumaTTL. Smith akatangisa mutemo wekusema vatema nekuvatorera kodzero yavo yekugara munzvimbo dzakanaka. Kunyange zvazvo ZAPU isina kumbopinda mumasimba ekutonga nyika, zvinangwa zvavanotevedza munyaya yekugoverwa kwevhu zvakangofanana nekutengesa. Paive nemakurukota e ZAPU muhurumende, hapana kana mumwe wavo akatsigira zvirongwa zve ZANU (PF) zvekugovera veruzhinji vakakandwa munzvimbo dzisina kuorera nzvimbo itsva dzekugara. Joshua Nkomo akaramba zvirongwa zve ZANU (PF) zvekugovera ivhu kuneveruzhinji achitsigirana nevapambevhu pamwe nevapambepfumi venyika dzekunze. ZAPU, inotsigirana nevapambevhu, yakaratidza kutengesa kwete munyaya iyi bedzi asi munedzimwezve nyaya nezvirongwa zvebudiriro ye Zimbabwe. Izvi zvinosiya bato reveruzhinji re ZANU (PF) rakamird rega kusimudzira zvirongwa zvekugoverwa patsva kwevhu kuneveruzhinji mumaruwa. MISHANDIRAPAMWE Kunyange zvazvo ZANU (PF) yakakurudzira kutangisa mishandirapamwe munyika, zvirongwa izvi hazvina kukasika kunzwisisika neveruzhinji vakange vachinyengedzwa nemanyepo evadzvanyiririekuti kana vakapinda mumishandirapamwe vanozotererwa zvinhu zvavo zvese zvinosanganisira zvipfuyo, mabhasikoro kana dzimba. Parizvino veruzhinji vakaona chokwadi chekuti mishandirapamwe inezvirongwa zvekusimudzira magariroavo. Hurumende haina kumbovatorerakana mari yavo, yakatovabatsira kusimudzira hupenyu hwavo. Chokwadi ndechekuti, mishandirapamwe, haina kutangisa mazzva ano muZimbabwe. Makarekare, kwakange kuine majahgano kana kuti nhimbe dzine hurongwa hunofambirana nemishandirapamwe yemazuva ano. Kurudziro yekutangisa mishandirapamwe kuneveruzhinji inoitwa ne ZANU(PF) yakanangana nekukwidziridza kupfumi hwevagari vemumaruwa kwete kupinza nzara kwavari. Kune mishandirapamwe inokurudzirwa munyika inendudzi shanu, inotevera; (a) Mishandirapam we Yezvekurimi vekukwidziridza kurimwa kwczvcku of them was supporting the radical reforms of ZANU (PF). Joshua Nkomo and his men opposed the resettlement programme; and aligned themselves with commercial (white) and foreign interests. ZAPU is a very backward and reactionary organisation on this issue, and on all other important issues. That leaves ZANU (PF) as the only political organisation that can redistribute land to the peasants. THE CO-OPERATIVES When ZANU (PF) advocated the formation of co- operatives many people were sceptical about the whole proposal. This was not altogether surprising; there was intense colonial propaganda to the effect that ZANU (PF) wanted to take people's produce, cattle, goats, sheep, chickens, bicycles and even huts. But since coming to power, the government has not taken a cent from a peasant. All our policies and programmes aim at enriching not empoverishing the peasants. Today there is a big demand for co-operatives because people have seen through the lies spread by our opponents. In fact there is nothing new about the idea of co-operatives in this country. Since time immemorial we have had "ma- cent yakhe. Zonke izinqumo lenh thu zihliose ekuthuthukiseni impilo ntu wonke weZimbabwe hatshi eku zeleni uzulu ukuze abempofu. Lau ai nengi labantu selithakazelela inhlangapi zokusebenzelana ngoba sebakufrnqso bala ukuthi amabhunu lezitha zt mayela ananga phezu kweban4 li lu IeZANU (PF) Uhlelo Iokubunjwa kwenh zokusebenzelana kalulutsha ei Kusukela endulo kwakusenziw kusenziwa imisebenzi embal ok nzelana kusabewana ngokui nmvelo. Lumbuso wokusuthis zikazulu kawumutsha kithi. tnutsha yiwolo oweza lamabh huquluzwa kwenotho ithuthuki munye inengi licindezeiwe. Isinqumo sebandla likazulu (PF) sokuthuthukiswa kwenhl k njwa kwenhlanganiso zokusebenelan hlose ekuthuthukiseni imisebenzi yen yelizwe ukuze yabelwe ngemfanelo. Le4 nhlanganiso zizaletha inhialakahle kazulu wemaphandleni. Kulenhielo ezinhlanu zenhianganiso zokusebenzelana elizweni: (a) Inhianganiso zokusebenzelana kwezokulima zihiose ekuthuthukiseni inh/elo zokutholakala kokudla lenhleto eziphathelane lalumsebenzi The idea of co-operatives is meant to enrich the peasants not to em. poverish them jangano", "nhimbe" and several other ezigoqela ukwabiwa wezokulir forms of communal work and sharing of kanye lokuphathisa abalini n natural resources. Socialism of different kwelede zokuqhuba itnisebenzi. forms is not new to our people. It is lokudinga indawo letnikambo Y capitalism and its emphasis on accumula- thengisela izilimo. tion by the individual that is new. (b) Inhianganiso zokusebenzelana sebenzini vezandla igoqela in ZANU (PF)'s emphasis on co- zernigodi, ukwenziwakokudla operatives is meant to increase production magabha ukuthungwa kwemp and to re-distribute wealth. It is also ukwenziwa kwempahla zezikhu meant to enrich the peasants, not to em- ukupheka isinkwa lemisebenzi, poverish them. thunga.

The first Secretary and President of ZANU (PF) tours Chitungwiza Garment Factory after the opening dya, kusimudzira mabasa ekurima nekugoverwa kwezvekurimisa, kupa zvikwereti nekutengesa zvirimwa zvevarimi vakazvimirira vega. (b) Mishandirapamwe yezvemibato Yemaoko inokurudzira zvezvicherwa, zvigadzirwa zvemibato yemaoko zvakafanana nekugadzira zvekudya zvinochengetedzwa mumagaba, zvekuruka nekusona matehwe, kubika nelkusona mbatya. (c) Mihandirapamweyevatengi inoona nekuti vatengi vatengeserwa zvinhu zvakanaka nekati vatenga zvinhu zvacho nemutengo wakaenzanirana. (d Mishandirapamwe yezvekutengeserana inoona nekupa vatengi zvinhu zvekutengesa nemutengo wevanotengesa zvinhu zvakawanda panguva unwe vema wholesale. (e) Mishandirapamwe Inoona Nekugoverwa Kwezvinhu zvakafanana nemagetsi, nedzimba, kufambiswa kwemabasa ezvekuchengeta marl mumabhanga nekutakurwa kwezvinhu. BUDIRIRO YEZVIRIMWA ,Munguva dzehudzvanyiriri, varimi vemumaruwa vaisvetwa simba ravo mukutengesa kwavaiita mbeu dzavo dzaitengwa nemitengo yakadzikira zvikuru. Zvipfuyo zvavaichengeta zvaizotengeswa nemari shomanana isingasvike pane yavainge vashandisa kupfuya zvipfuyo izvi nayo, zvimwe zvipfuyo zvavo zvichipambwa pasina kubhadharwa. Hurumende yehudzvanyiriri yaisimudzira varimi vevachena bedzi mazuva iwayo. Parizvino, hurumende yeruzhinji ichitungamirwa neZANU (PF) inezvirongwa zvekusimudzira zvirimwa mumaruwa. Varimi vemumaruwa vavekukwanisa kuwana mafetiraiza, mbeu, In this country we promote five types of co-operatives: (a) Agricultural Co-operatives which may be involved in food production, or provision of auxiliary services such as agricultural supplies, credit and marketing to individual farmers; (b) Industrial Producer Co-operatives which cover mining and modern light industry such as canning, textiles and leather work, bakeries and tailoring; (c) Consumer Co-operatives which aim to supply member households with suitable consumer goods at reasonable prices; (c) Inhlanganiso zokusebenzelana ekuseni impahla kuzulu ngentengo efaneleyo; (d) Inhlanganiso zokusebenzelana kwezokuthengiselana eziyabe zihiose ekuthengiseleni abamabhizimusi impahla ngentengo efaneleyo; (e) Inhianganiso zokusebenzelana enhlelweni zokuphathisa uzulu lakungatsha eziqakathekileyo ezigeqela ezamabhanga, ezokuthwala, ezokusiwa kwamagetsi kanye lokwakhiwa kwezindlu. INGQUBELA PHAMBILI KWEZOKULIMA Ngeminyaka eyedluleyo uzulu weZimba(d) Trading and Commercial Co- bwe wadubeka kakhulu ekucindezelweni operatives whose main function is to ngumbuso wamabhunu owawuhuquluza supply member retailers with goods inotho yakhe. Izilimo zabansundu zaziat wholesale prices; and thengwa ngentengo ephansi kakhulu. In komo zabo zazithengwa ngentengo eya(e) Service and Infrastructural Co- ngisayo njalo ezinye inkomo babe zithaoperatives which are involved in such thelwa, ngamabhunu esithi sezande kaactivities as banking, transport, elec- khulu. Uhulumende wamabhunu wayetricity supply and housing. hlose ekuthuthukiseni abalimi abamhlope Production by peasants has Increased dramatically from a point where they could hardly feed themselves to million tonnes of grain produce

8Vol.16 No. 5 MayiJune 1985 Zimbabwe News mishonga yekuuraya tupukanana, matirakita nezvimwe zvakawanda zvinovabatsira mumabasa avo. Zviripachena kuti zvirimwa zvevarimi vemumaruwa zvakabudirira zvikuru gore rino kupinda nguva dzehudzvanyiriri pavakange vasina chekubata nacho vachiziya nenzara mumaruwa. Zvirongwa zve hurumende yeruzhinji munyika zvakanangana nekusimudzira budiriro yezvekurima, zvirikurumbidzwa zvikuru mupasi rese. Uyewo chido che hurumende kusimudzira magariro evanhumunyika. Mumakore mashanu anotevera, hurumende inezvirongwa zvekusimudzira, magarire nekushanda kwakanaka kuvashandi vemumatenganyika nemamwe mapazi munyika. Kunodiwa zvirongwa zvemishandirapamwe mumatenganyika kusimudzira zvirongwa zvekurima. Gore rino, zvirikufungidzirwa kuti varimi vemumaruwa munyika vachawana mamirioni emadhora makumi matanhatti nemanomwe kubva kuboka rinoona nekutengeswa kwe zvirimwa reGrain Marketing Board mushure mekutengwa kwezvikohwiwa zvavo. Kwakatangiswawo madhepa ekutakurira mbeu dzekutengeswa munzvimbo dzinechitsama munvika kurerutsira varimi varikure nenzvimbo dzekutengesera zvirimwa zvavo, uyewo hurumende ichabatsira varimi avo nekuvatakurira zvirimwa zvavo kundotengesa. Nzvimbo dzinotakurirwa zvirimwa zvekutengesa hadzidariki makiromita makumi maviri nemashanu kubva panogara murimi ega ega. MAKORE MATATU ENZARA Vagari vemumaruwa nevashandi ve muZimbabwe, pamwe nehurumende nemapazi ayo zvinofanira kurumbidzwa nekushinga kwazvakaita mumakore matatu akapera enzara yakaipisisa munyika. Panguva dzenzara idzi, hurumende yeruzhinji yakakwanisa kutenga zvekudya zvakawanda zvekuriritira vanhu pamwe nezvipfuyo. Panedzimwe nguva hurumende yaitakurira vanhu mvura yekushandisa munzvimbo dzanga dzisingachawanikwi mvura. Hapana kana munhu akafa nenzara munguva idzi uyewo hurumende nerutsigiro rweveruzhinji munyika yakakwanisa kubatsira zviuru nezviuru zvevapoteri veMozambique nevedzimwe nyika, kuti vawanewo magariro anehunhu. Mwaka uno, tinofanira kunge tichikohwa zvakawanda kudarika mukoho wa1981, tichikwanisa kutengesawo zvimwe zvirimwa zvakawanda kunedzimwe nyika nekubatsirawo vanenzara muAfrica. ZANU (PF) inovimba nekusimudzira zvirongwa zvekuwanikwa kwemvura nevagari vese munyika. Panguva dze kushaikwa kwemvura, tinofanirwa kuona kuti takwanisa kuchengetedza mvura yakawanda mumadhamu kudzivirira dambudziko rerudzi urwu zvakare. Bazi rinoona nekusimudzirwa kwe masimba emagetsi pamwe nemabasa emvura munyika, rakatangiswa nebato reveruzhinii kuzadzisa zvirongwa zve kuchengete- AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION UP AND UP In the past, the peasants of this country were exploited by the colonial system. What they produced was bought at low prices. Cattle which they raised were sold at rock-bottom prices or even confiscated outright. The concentration of government efforts was placed on white commercial farmers. Now, the government is providing inputs such as fertilizers, seeds, insecticides, tractors and so on, to peasant farmers. As a result production by peasants had increased dramatically from a point where they could hardly feed themselves in 1979, to the million tons of maize expected this year. The government's efforts in promoting agricultural production have won much praise around the world. It is the government's intention to continue and increase these efforts in order to raise the standard of living for everyone. The living, housing and working conditions on commercial farms - large and small - must be changed and improved over the next five years. We need organised settlements on commercial farms. This year peasant farmers in communal areas are estimated to receive a total amount of $67 million from the Grain Marketing Board as payment for their produce, especially maize. Furthermore, grain depots have been established in communal areas for the first time. Transport is being provided by the Government from several pick-up points that cover most communal areas. No peasant farmer should be more than 25 kilometres from a pick-up point. 3-YEAR DROUGHT The peasants and workers of Zimbabwe, and their government and its institutions, are very much to be commended for withstanding 3 years of severe drought. During the period the government had to buy large quantities of extra food for humans and livestock. In some instances, it was even necessary to carry water to people. Because of these efforts, not a single Zimbabwean died of starvation. We were also able to assist thousands of refugees from and other countries. This season we expect a bumper harvest, bigger than in 1981. We must continue to feed ourselves and to export food. At the same time we must also assist other countries in Africa that are in need. ZANU (PF) has placed great emphasis on water development. In periods of drought, water can be very scarce and we should make every effort to build weirs, dams and so on, to minimise our vulnerability to changes in weather patterns. bamupulazi amakhulu. Kodwake khathe. si uhulumende usesungule uhlelo lokupha abalimi bemaphandleni imvundiso yamafertilizer, inhtanyelo, imithi yokubulala izibungu ezitshabalalisa izilimo, amatilakita tokunye kokuphathisa abalimi emise. benzini yabo yokulima. Ngenxa yaolu hlelo, abalimi sebenze ingqubela phambili ebukekayo ekutholeni isivuno esiphezulu. Kukanti ngo 1979 babelima ukudla ukwakungeneli lokuthi baziphilise. Lonyaka batshaye inala engazake ibonakale, ngenxa yoncedo abaluphiwa nguhulumende. Amazwe womhlaba adumise kakhulu uhulumende weZimbabwe ngokuphathisa akwenze abalimi bemaphandleni. Uhulumende ulamalungiselelo wokuqhelisa tolu hleto oluzaphathisa ekuthuthukiseni impito yomuntu wonke. Impilo, izindlu kanye tendleta zokusebenza emapulazini amakhulu kufanele kuguqulwe eminyakeni emihlanu elandelayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe impilo yomuntu wonke. Uzulu uzaphiwa indawo ezintsha zokuhlala emapulazini la kuhloswe ekuletheni ingqubelapambili ogatsheni twezokulima. Lonyaka nxa abalimi sebethengise isivuno sabo somumbu eGrain Marketing Board bakhangelelwe ukuzuza amadola avizigidi ezingamatshumi ayisithupa Iasikhombisa. Okwakuqata embalini yaleli tizwe sekubunjwe indawo zokwemukea amabele emaphandleni. Uhutumende uphathisa uzulu ngokusa imota zokuthwa/a lezi zilimo ezigabeni ezitshiyeneyo zelizwe. Wonke umlimi wemaphandleni uzakuba duzane lendawo ethwalelwa izilimo tonyaka. IMINYAKA EMITHA THU YOKUSWELAKALA KWEZULU Uzutu wonke weZimbabwe kugoqela izisebenzi, uhutumende kazutu tenhtanganiso zengqubelapamnbili bayadunyiswa ngokumela abakwenza ubunzima bemin vaka emithathu yokungani kwezulu. Ngalesi sikhathi sobunzinma, sabaakho ukuphathisa iziphepheli ezinengi kakhulu ezazisuka kwele Mozambique takwanmanyve amazwe. Lonyaka silethemba tokuthola isivuno esiphezuht kakhutu ukwedlula esika 1981. Kufanele siqhubekele phambili silima ukudla okusenelayo tokokuthengisela ainanve amazwe ezwekazi le Africa aswelayo. Ibandla likazutu te ZANU(PF) ligcizelele kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kohlelo tokutholakala kwanjanzi amahle ngesikhathi sokuswelakala kwezulu. Ukuzimisela k webandla lethu ekuthuw thukisweni kohlelo lokutholakata kwamanzi, labumba ugatsha otuqakathekileyo twamandla kagetsi, ukutholakala kwamanzi lentuthuko yawo. Phakathi kweminyaka emihlanu yokuphathisa uzulu wemaphandleni ekutholeni amanzi ahlanzekileyo, ngenyanga ezazomile kakhulu k wenjiwa izibholani ezingamatshumi afica minwe mibili ngenyanga. Lolu hielo twasindisa kakhulu impilo kazulu levezi-

Dear Subscriber, Herewith please receive Zimbabwe News Volume 16 Number 5 which is a May/June double Issue. It contains important articles and information about the forthcoming General Elections. Although a double issue, it is regarded as one copy only for subscription purposes. Vote ZANU (PF)!' Yours Sincerely, ZIMBABWE NEWS.

Zimbabwe News Vol.16 No. 5 dzwa kwemvura. Zvinoonekwa kuti mukarti memakore mashanu mushure mekuzvitonga kuzere, bazi iri rakachera zvibhorani zvinosvika zviuru zvitatu nemazana mashanu munzvimbo dzakasiyana mumaruwa zvino batsira vagari venzvimbo idzi nemvura yakatsvinda. Munguva diektushaikwa kwemvura. hurumende yaikwanisa kuchera zvibhorani makumi masere pamwedzi wega wega kubatsira vanhu nezvipfuyo nemvura yekunwa. Kuwikira muna 1984, hurumende yanga yachera zvibhorani zvinoda kusvika zviuru zvitanhatu. Kwakange kuine zvibhorani zvinodarika zviuru zviviri zvishomanana muna 1978. Nzvimbo dzanga dziine kushaikwa kwemvura kwakanyanya. dzakafanana neMasvingo nekuchamhembe kweMatabeleland dzakacherwa zvibhorani zvakawanda\no kudarika dzimwe nzvimbo. Hurumende yakatangisawo mvura yepombi munedzimwe nzvimbo dzekuigara dziri kusimudzirwa mumaruwa. KUDERERA KWEHUPFUMI PASI RESE Zvitevedzwa zvehupfumi zvava Reagan mutungamiri weAmerica, namai Margaret Thatcher mutungamiri weHurumende yeBritain nevamwewo vatungamiriri vedzimwe nyika dzinotevedza hutongi hwehusweta simba zvakaunza matambudziko makukutu munezvehupfumi mukati memakore anodarika matatu apfuura. Zvitevedzwa izvi zvakaita kuti miripo yepamusoro (interest rates) ikwidzwe zvikuru pamwe nekuderedzwa kwemitengo yezvinhu zvatinotengesera dzimwe nyika. Hapana zvaingaitwe neHurumende yedu mukudzivirira kuderera kwakaita hupfumi pasi rese. Mienzaniso iyi inoratidza pachena mashandirwo enyika dzehusweta simba mukupamba zvicherwa zvedu nezvimwewo mukuzvisimudzira. Kana isu tavekutenga zvinhu zvakaita semichina nedzimwewo simbi munyika dzakabudirira mitengo yazvo inobva yakwidzwa zvikuru. Ndizvo zvakakonzera kukwidzwa kwemitengo yezvinhu muZimbabwe, zvange zvisingatsigirwe nemusangano wevanhu. Kuderedzwa kwekukosha kwedhora nekubviswa kwemari yange ichiripwa neHurumende munezvimwe zvinhu zvekudya kwakakwidzawo mitengo yezvinhu. Masangano achine mweya wehupambepfumi akabva awana mukana hwekukwidza zvinhu kupfurikidza mwero. Munguva inotevera pachawanikwa nzira dzekuita kuti mitengo yezvinhu ive yakafanira. Bhangi renyika dzepasi rese nesangano relMF zvine donzvo rekupfumisa nyika dzakasimukira chete. Isu muZimbabwe takaramba kugamuchira zvisungo zvemasangano aya patakabatsirwa nawo nemari sezvo zvisungo izvi zvaizokanganisa zvikuru hupfumi hwenyika yedu. Musangano mukuru we(ZIMCORD) wakarongwa neHurumende wakabudirira zvikuru sezvo wakabatsira kuti pawanikwe mari yekuvaka nyika yedu nekupa veruzhinji nzvimbo itsva dzekugara. Pane Our Party's determination to ensure that the people have adequate water supplies was demonstrated when we created a special Ministry of Energy and Water Resources and Development. Over the past five years this Ministry undertook major water conservation works to supply urban and industrial centres, and drilled more than 3 500 boreholes to supply clean water for the rural population. At the peak of the drought an average 80 boreholes were sunk every month to save lives and livestock. By 1984 the number of recorded boreholes stood at 5 957, compared with only 2 448 in 1978. A great deal of this effort was concentrated in areas such as Masvingo and Matabeleland South where the drought was most severe. In certain areas piped water has been introduced in villages and small settlements. THE WORLD ECONOMIC RECESSION Economic policies pursued by President Reagan in the USA, and Mrs. Margaret Thatcher in Britain, and other leaders of the large capitalist countries, have thrown the world into a deep recession for more than 3 years. Interest rates have been pushed sky-high, and prices for our products on the world market have plummted. Our government could not influence these developments. This is the way imperialism operates; it expropriates raw materials from the Third World to bolster the economies in the first world. So we have been getting low prices for our products, such as minerals, and paying heavi ly for imported goods, such as machinery and spare parts. Money for development has become scarce and expensive. In this climate we have witnessed the phenomenon of rising prices - a situation which has been a source of great disappointment to the Party. Measures taken by the government such as the devaluation of the Zimbabwean dollar, and the reduction or removal of subsidies from basic foodstuffs also pushed prices upward. As is usual In capitalist, profitoriented economic situations, certain firms took advantage of the difficult conditions to increase the range of their socalled "mark-ups" to phenomenal proportions. The "mark-up" system is really a comouflage for super-profits by those firms seeking to make many tons of hay while the sun is still shining. Ways will have to be found in the future to bring about more stable prices. The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund also pursue policies which benefit the first world. We in Zimbabwe have had loans from these institutions, but we refused to accept conditions which would hurt our economy. The conference (ZIMCORD) which the government organised to raise funds for reconstruction and to rehabilitate our population was a great success. fuyo. Ngomyaka ka 1984 kwasekwenjiwe izibholani ezedlula inkulungwane ezinhIanu nxa kutinganiswa lezedlula amakhulu amabili kuphela ngomnyaka ka 1978. Izibholani ezinengi zenjiwa esabelweni se Masvingo lese Matebeleland South lapho okwakome kakhulu. Kwezinye indawo zemaphandleni sekusiwe amanzi adonswa zimpompi. UKIWEHLA KWENOTHO YAMAZWE WOMHLABA Njalo ukuhuquluzwa kwenotho kubangele ukuthi umhlaba jikelele ukhangelane lobunzima kwezenotho okweminyaka edlula emithathu. Inzuzo yezikwelede ikhwezwe womhlaba yehliswa kakhulu. Uhulumende wethu wayengelalutho ayengalwenza phezu kwaloludaba. Lokhu yikho kanye ukusebenza kwamazwe abahuquluzi benotho. Athatha izinto zamaz we asathuthukayo esiya zinothisa. Yikho nje intengo yempahla zethu ibiphansi okufana lezenjiwayo kodwake ngelinye icele izinto ezithengwa kulamazwe ezifana lemitshina lensimbi zemitshina etshiyeneyo, zilentengo ephezulu kakhulu. 0k wenza kube nzima ukuthola imali yokuthuthukisa imisebenzi yengqubela phambili. Lokhu yikho okwenza ibandla likaZulu lidaniswe yikukhwezwa kwentengo yezinto. Ukwehliswa kwesilinganiso sedola kanye lokwesulwa kwemali eyayibhadalelwa okunye ukudla nguhulumende kwengeza intengo ngesilinganiso esiphezulu kakhulu. Loba kunjalo, kuzafanele kudingwe indlela ngelizayo ekuqondiseni loludaba ukuze zonke izinto zibe lentengo enhie. Jbhanga lamazwe omhlaba lesikhwama sarnazwe womhlaba seInternational Monetary Fund ahlose ukuthuthukisa amazwe anothilevo. Lobanje saphiwa izikwelede ydezi nhlanganiso, sala ukwemukela izinqumo zawo ezazizakhubaza kakhulu inotho yelizwe lethu. Umhlangano we(ZIMCORD) owalungiselwa nguhulumende ekuqoqeni imali yokwakha kutsha iZimbabwe lekuhlaliseni kutsha uzulu waphumelela okwamagama. Amazwe eza emhlanganweni lo athembisa ukuphathisa ilizwe lethu ngamadola ayizigidi eziyinkulungwane. Loluncedo lusetshenziswe ukuthuthukisa impilo kazulu jikelele. Ngeminyaka emhlanu elandelayo sizasebenza ngamandla ekuzikhululeni enoth weni yelizwe lethu lekwenzeni inisebenzi yokuziphilisa ukuze singeyami kwamanye amazwe. ICongress yesibili yebandla likazulu le ZANU (PF) yasikhuthaza ukuthi sizithuthukise. Uhlelo lweminyaka emithathu tokuletha inguquko enhlanganisweni zenhlalakahle kazulu lezenotho engatsheni eziziniele zodwa leziqhutshwa nguhuluInende ekuletheni inzuzo lekuthuthukiseni ulwazi lokusetshenziswa kwemitshina. May/June 1985

I1l Vol.16 No. 5 May/June 1985 Zimbabwe News nyika dzakauya pamusangano uyu dzakavimbisa kupa madhora mabhirioni mairi, ekusimudzira magariro everuzhinji nemamwewo mabasa ebudiriro. Mumakore mashanu apfuura Zimbabwe yashanda zvakasimba mukuzvimirira munezvehupfumi. Kuwanikwa kwemari nehutungamiriri huri mugwara ndihwo hunosimudzira mapazi eHurumende neemasangano akazvimirira oga uye zvinoita kuti mapazi ehurumende ave iwo anotungamirira mabasa ekusimudzira nyika. Mushandirapamwe pakati pemapazi mairi zvinobatsira zvekare mukusimudzirwa kwe ruzivo rwekushandiswa kwemichina. MASIM BA EVANHU MUHURUMENDE Panguva yehutongi hwemabhunu yevapambepfumi vatema vemumaguta vainge vakamirirwa nemaBoard ainge asina chinangwa chekusimudzira magariro everuzhinji. Mumaruwa Mudzviti aitonga muhumbimbindoga zvakaita kuti avengwe zvikuru sezvo akanga aka dzvanyirira veruzhinji. lkozvino vanhu vese vemumaguta nevemumaruwa vavekufambisa nyaya dzavo, kuburikidza nemakanzuru avari kutungamirira. Makanzuru emumaruwa ndiwo anozvichengetera marl yaanowana, kutambirisa vashandi vawo nekuita mabasa akawanda ebudiriro. Muna 1984 mutungamiriri wemusangano we ZANU (PF) Cde. R.G. Mugabe vakatambira hurongwa hutsva hwekutungami'irwa kwemabasa anoitwa mumatunhu. Kwakaumbwa bazi remagovernor ematunhu vachitsigirwa nemakomiti ekusimudzira mabasa emadistrict, neemisha, anonzi maDistrict Committees. lzvi zvinoratidza masimba evanhu mukutonga nyika yavo. Mumaguta, ikozvino tave nemaMayor evatema uye nhengo dzakawanda dzemakanzuru emumaguta evatema. Vatema ndivo vavekusimudzira zvirongwa zvavo zvemisha yavo. Saka zvakakosha kuti nhengo dzese dzemusangano dzigare dzakangwarira mhandu pamwe nekupinda makanzuru anosimudzira matunhu avo. lzvi zvichabatsira kuti mabasa ese afambiswe nemazvo pasina kunyengedzera. BASA REMADZISHE Panguva dzapfuura mabhunu aiita madiro mukubvisa madzishe pazvigaro zvavo (semuenzaniso: Ishe Mangwende, Nyandoro nalshe Tangwena nevamwewo). Madzishe akawanda aishandiswa semadiro nanaMudzviti. Nhasi maDzishe anosarudzwa pachitevedzwa zvido zvevanhu uye pachitevedzwa tsika dzedu dzepasi chigare. Zvigaro zvavo zvasimbaradzwa uye vavekuita mushandira pamwe nemakanzuru emumatunhu avo. Hurumende yakawedzera mari inotambiriswa maDzi she. Bato reveruzhinji re ZANU (PF) nehurumende zvinocherechedza maDzishe sevatungamiri vetsika dzedu vepasi chigare. A total of 2 billion dollars was pledged. This foreign aid has been used on projects that benefit the broad masses of our people. Over the next five years the thrust of our efforts will be on economic independence and self-reliance. We have to rely on ourselves. This was what the Second Congress urged us to do. The central objective of the 3- Year Transitional National Development Plan was to increase participation by government in the major economic and social institutions. The plan was put off course by the 3-year drought. A new five-year development plan is now being prepared by government to fulfil and complete the unfinished business of the 3- year transitional development plan. The Party wants to see more social transformation of the socio-economic institutions of the private sector. The general policy of co-existence between the private sector and the public sector must entail steady growth of the public sector as management capability increases, and capital is available. Parastatals can be viable and profitable; and joint ventures can assist in the transfer of technology. BRINGING GOVERNMENT TO THE PEOPLE In colonial days Africans in urban areas were only represented on Advisory Boards with little influence. In rural areas the District Commissioner ruled with the iron hand which made him one of the most despised figures in the whole system. This system has now been completely overhauled and genuine councils, based on universal suffrage, have been established. All communal areas have genuine representative councils which control monies, staff and all development projects. Rural councils are now also going to be democratised. In 1984, a new structure of provincial and district administration was approved by Cde. R.G. Mugabe, First Secretary and President of the Party. The system established provincial governorships, supported by Provincial, District and Village Development Committees. The new system brought government nearer to the people. In urban areas, there are now black mayors in all cities, and a majority of black councillors. Africans are running their own affairs at local levels. It is necessary that Party members be vigilant and active at all local councils, whether in rural or urban areas, in order to expose the few who seek personal gain by corrupt practices. ROLE OF TRADITIONAL CHIEFS In the past, traditional chiefs were deposed at the whim of the settler authorities (e.g. Mangwende, Nyandoro, Tangwena, UKULETHWA KUKAHUL UMENDE EBA TWINI Ngezikhathi zabahuquluzi benotho aba. nsundu endaweni zemadolobheni babemelwe ngamaBoard ayengasizi lutho. Emaphandleni osikomitshi beziqinti babebusa uzulu ngentando kayiphikiswa uzulu ediswa imbuya ngoluthi. Osikomi. tshi laba babechothozwa nguzulu kakhu. lu. Lolu gatsha khathesi soluguqulwe kwa. bunjwa amakhansili aqotho amele izifiso zikazulu. Amakhansili akuzo zonke iza. belo aqhutshwa nguzulu ngokwakhe nia. Jo yiwo aphatha imali yawo, izisebenzi layo yonke imisebenzi yengqubela phambili. Lamakhansili aqutshwa ngentando kazulu. Ngo 1984, umkhokheli webandla likazulu uCde. Robert Mugabe wemukela uhielo lokubunjwa kulsha kwengatsha zokuqutshwa kwezabelo leziqinti. Loluhlelo lwakhokhelela ekubunjweni kwe. ngatsha zabosibalukhulu bezabelo bephathiswa ngamakomiti ezabelo, eziqinti lamakomiti ezakhamizi. Lelinyathelo lasondeza eduze uhlelo Jokuthi uhulumende aqhutshwe nguzulu, abe ezandleni zikazulu. Emadolobheni sekulabo Mayor abansundu kuwo wonke amadolobho lamalunga amakhansili amadolobho amanengi. Abansundu sebeqhuba ngokwabo indaba zabo. Yikhoke kuqakathekile ukuthi amalunga ebandla likazulu ahlale eqaphele njalo ephatheke emakhansilini ezabelo zabo ukuze kuqedwe ukungaziphathi okungabakhona. UMSEBENZI WEZINDUNA Ngesikhathi esedluleyo, induna ezazingafunwa ngabahuquluzi benotho zazikhitsh wa ezihlalweni zazo kungelakuphikisa. Umzekeliso wenduna ezakh itshwa ezihlaIweni zazo (ngunduna Mangwende, Nyandoro to Tangwena labanye). Njalo zazisenziwa izichaka zabosikomitshi. Lamhla izinduna zikheth wa kulandelwa amasiko omdabu. Izikhundla zazo seziqiniswa. Zizasebenzelana lamalunga amakhansili ezabelo zawo njalo sezengezelelwe iholo lazo. lbandla likazulu le ZANU (PF) lemukela izinduna njengabakhokheli bethu bondabu bokuthuthukisa amasiko ethu. Kulokusebenzelana okuhle okuphakathi kwezinduna lohulumende. Ezinye izinduna ezazisetshenziswa ngabahuquluzi benotho sezaphenduka njalo sezisekela uhulumende ngokugcweleyo. Umzekeliso wobudielwano obuhle phakathi kwezinduna Johulumende, yikuphenduka okwenza umuyi undun(t Chirau owabhubha esesekela uhulumende ngokugcweleyo. Emhlanganweni owacina ukwenzelwa eHarare phakathi kwezinduna lomkhokhe/i kahulumende uCde. Robert Mugabe

News Vo1.16 No. 5 May/June 1985 log itlon Is a basic right which should not be denied any Zimbabwean ozvino kunekudyidzana kwakanaka ikuru pakati pehurumende yevanhu neaDzishe. Mamwe maDzishe aishandiia nevapambepfumi senhapwa, akapiiukauye avekutsigira zvizere Hurumele. Mushakabvu Ishe Chirau vakashaya ivemumwe wevatungamiri vebato revezihnji reZANU (PF). Pamusangano wekupedzisira kuitirwa uHarare pakati pemadzishe nemutu;miriri weHurumende Cde. Robert lugabe, Ishe Ndiweni, sachigaro wema6she vakati, maDzishe ese arikuda kuti ito reveruzhinji re ZANU (PF) ridzorwe pachigaro chekutungamirira nyika o, pasarudzo huru ichaitwa. Ikozvino aengo dzakawanda dzemadzishe inhegO mudare revakuru reSenate uye iamwe arimumasangano akasiyana sima ekusimudzira nyika yedu mumabasa )udiriro. MuZimbabwe yakasununguka zvigaro vemadzishe zvakasimbaradzwa. Mazishe akange abviswa pazvigaro, nevaunbepfumi akadzorerwa nehurumende. Iushakabvu Ishe Tangwena vakazohaya hurumende yavadzorera pachigaro havo nekudzorera vanhu vake munyika ivo. Ishe Tangwena vakaita basa guru ehutungamiriri valve nhengo yedare re,hate vasati vashaya mugore rakapera. ,UVANDUDZWA KWEMA3ASA NMAGARIRO AKANAKA WANHU - BUDIRIRO YEDZIDZO anguva yehudzvanyiriri, mumaruwa Lunove ndimo munogara vanhu vazhinmakanga musina nzvimbo zekusimudzira hupenyu hwevanhu. loQna dzaivemo dzakanga dzatovakwa I vmachechi. Hurumende Tvapambevhu dzakanga dzisina hanya ,ksimudzira upenyu hweveruzhinji. and others), or made tools of the District Commissioner. Today the Chiefs are selected in accordance with tradition. Their position is being stengthened. They will be ex officio members of Councils and their salaries have been increased. ZANU (PF) and its government recognise Chiefs as traditional leaders and promoters of our culture. A good relationship exists between Chiefs and the government. Some of those Chiefs who were used by colonial regimes have repented and now support the government. A good example is the late Chief Chirau who was a ZANU (PF) official at the time of his death. At the last meeting in Harare between the Chiefs and the Hon. Prime Minister, Chief Ndiweni, acting Chairman of the Chiefs Council, said that all Chiefs want ZANU (PF) to be returned to power in the coming elections. A number of Chiefs are members of the Senate, and others are in various national bodies where they are making highly valued contributions. In today 's Zimbabwe there are no more threats of depositions of Chiefs. Where Chiefs had been dethroned by colonial governments our government acted swiftly to return them to their thrones. The most famous example is that of the late Chief Rekayi Tangwena. Our government did not only return Chief Tangwena to his throne when it came to power, it also helped to resettle his people to their lands which had been claimed by the settlers. Chief Tangwena was an illustrious member of Senate until his death last year. EXPANDED SOCIAL SERVICES - THE EDUCATION EXPLOSION During the colonial era the communal lands, where about 80 per cent of our people live, had very few or totally lacked essential social services. Where these ex- UKUQHELISWA K WENGA TSHA ZOKUPHA THISA UZUL U... UKUQHELA AKWEMFUNDO Ngesikhathi sabahuqulazi benotho izabelo zemaphandleni zazingela ngatsha zokuphathisa uzulu. Lezo ezazikhona zazingezenhlanganiso zenkolo. Abahuquluzi babengakhathaleli impilakahle kazulu. Lamhla lezi ngatsha sezithuthukisiwe lezabelweni zemaphandleni. Phansi kogatsha twezemfundo, imfundo ye primary yaphiwa kungela mbadato kusukela ngo 1980. Ngo 1979, kwakulabantwana abedlula inkulungwane ezingamakhulu afica minwe mibili ezikolwenizeprimary, kweze-secondary babezinkutungwane ezedlula amatshumi amathathu kuphela. Kodwake lonyaka kulezifundi ezizinkulungwane ezintathu ezikolweni zokufundela ubutitshala kodwake lonyaka kulezifundi ezizinkulungwane ezifica minwe mibili lamakhulu afica munye. lUniversity yeZimbabwe yayilezifundi eziyinkulungwane lamakhulu amane lamatshumi afica ngalombili lesisodwa ngo1979 kodwake lonyaka feli nani likhwele lafika kuzifundi ezizinkulung wane ezinhlanu lamakhulu ayisithupa. Ibandla likazulu le ZANU (PF) lohulumende bakholwa esinqumeni sokuthi sonke isikhonzi seZimbabwe siphiwe ithuba lemfundo. Lokhu kuzaphathisa ukuthi umuntu wonke abelesandla emisebenzini yokuthuthukisa inotho lenhlalakahle yelizwe lethu. Itungelo lemfundo ngelomuntu wonke weZimbabwe njalo kakho okufanele atincitshwe. Kwenziwe ingqubelaphambili ebukekayo ogatsheni Iwezempilakahle, eZimbabwe. Bonke abahola amadola alikhulu lamatshumi amahlanu leholo elingaphansi kwalimali betatshwa kungelambadalo ezibhedlela. Sekwakhiwe izibhedlela lamakilinika amanengi emaphandleni. Kusuk,:a ngo 1980 sekwakhiwe indawo ezi,gamakhutu amabili letshumi lambili zempilakahle. Kodwake singakatholi inkululeko lezi ndawo zazingekho. Imizi 11 kanye lenduna uNdiweni owayengumgcinisihlalo wekhansili yezinduna, wabika sobala ukuthi induna zifisa ukubona ibandla likazulu IeZANU (PF) libuyiselwa esikhundleni sokubusa leli lizwe ekhethweni oluzayo. Inengi lezinduna zingaS malunga edale labadala le Senate nialo ezinye zingamalunga enhtanganiso ezi~ mbalwa ezisebenzela ekuthuthukiseni ilizwe lethu. Lamhla eZimbabwe ekhululekileyo kakusela zethuseto zokususwa ezikhundleni zazo ngabahuquluzi, uhulumende uphange wazibuyisela. Umzekeliso osobala yikubuyiselwa esikhundleni okwenziwa unduna Tangwena kanye tokuhlaliswa kutsha kwabantu bakhe esabetweni sabo esasesithunjwe ngabahuquluzi benotho. Umuyi unduna Tangwena ufe ngomnyaka ophelileyo esetilunga ledale labadata ele Senate.

VnI IA Mn A Mm,,I.i,,ne IQRA Zin~ Nhasi uno nzvimbo idzi dzavakwa dzakawanda. Munyaya dzedzidzo, vana vezvikoro zve primary vave kudzidza pachena kubva muna 1980. Zvikoro zvakawanda zvakavakwa mumaruwa kuitira kuti vanhu vose vabatsirwe nechirongwa che hurumende chekupa dzidzo pachena kuvana vezvikoro zve primary. Uwando hwezvi koro zve secondary hwakawedzerwawo zvakanyanya kuitira kuti vose vanopedza zvidzidzo zvavo kuzvikoro zve primary vawane nzvimbo. Nekuda kwaizvozvi, uwando hwevana vanonyoresa kuwana nzvimbo muzvikoro zve primary, zve secondary nezvepamusoro vakawanda zvakapetwa katatu kubva mugore ra 1980. Mugore ra 1979 vana vaive muzvikoro zve primary vaidarika zvishoma pamazana masere ezviuru vekusecondary vari makumi manomwe ezviuru ane zviuru zvitatu nemazana mashanu. Gore rino vana vekuprimary vanodarika mamiriyoni maviri kusecondary kuine mazana mana ezviuru. Muna 1979, zvikoro zvinodzidzisa varairidzi zvakanga zviine vadzidzi zviuru zvitatu asi gore rino vanodarika zviuru zvisere nemazana mapfumbamwe. University ye Zimbabwe yakanga iine vadzidzi chiuru nemazana mana nemakumi masere bedzi muna 1979, asi gore rino vawanda kusvika kuzviuru zvishanu nemazana matanhatu. Bato revanhu re ZANU (PF), rinoti munhu wese anofanira kuwana dzidzo kuitira kuti agokwanisawo kupinda mumabasa ezveupfumi nemamwewo emagariro evanhu anoitwa munyika. lyi ikodzero inofanira kuwanikwa nezvizvarwa zvese zve Zimbabwe. Pane basa guru rakaitwa munyaya yekuti vanhu vose vakwanise kurapwa. Vanhu vanotambira mari inobvira pamadhora zana nemakumi mashanu zvichidzika pasi vanorapwa pachena. Kwakavakwa makirinika nezvipatara zvakawanda mumaruwa. Kubvira muna 1980, nzvi-mbo dzekusimudzira utano hwevanhu dzakavakwa mumaruwa mazana maviri ane gumi nembiri. Tisati tave nerusununguko pakanga pasina. Musha mumwe nemumwe wave nemushandi anoona nezveutano - asi kwakanga kusina vashandi vezveutano mumamisha nyika isatiyasununguka. Bato redu pamwe nehurumende rinoti zvirwere zvinofanira kudzivirirwa kwete kuzviregerera zvimbotanga zvarwadzavanhu. Chinangwa chedu chekuda kuwanisa mvura yakachena kuvanhu vose venyika ino, chinofambirana nechirongwa ichi chekudzivirira zvirwere. Nekuda kwaizvozi, utano hwevanhu ve Zimbabwe hwave nani. MIGWAGWA YE MUMARUWA Tisati tawana rusununguko, migwagwa yaivakwa munzvimbo dzaigara mabhunu. lyezvino vatema vave kugara munzvimbo idzi, saka iyezvino migwagwa yave kuvakwa mumaruwa yakananga mativi ose. Migwagwa yakagadzirwa zvakanaka isted, they were offered by church missionaries. Colonial governments cared very little for people's basic welfare. Today these services have been expanded phenomenally. In the field of education, primary education has been made free since 1980. Many schools have been constructed in the rural areas to ensure that all Zimbabweans benefit from the Government's policy of free primary education. The number of secondary schools has been greatly increased to accommodate as many of those who complete primary education as possible. As a result of these measures, enrolment at primary, secondary and tertiary levels has trebled since 1980. In 1979, there were 819 128 children in primary schools and 73 540 in secondary schools. This year there are over 2,5 million pupils in primary and over 400 000 in secondary schools. In 1979 yonkeyemaphandleni isipho benzi sezempilakahle kodu tholi uzibuse lezi zisebenzi Ibandla lethu le ZANU (P kisa kakhulu uhlelo lokuthi mpilakahle. Lihlose lekul amahle ezabeiweni zonke z loluhlelo luzathuthukisa ka kahle. Singakatholi uzibuse imii yayisakhelwa amabhunu am khulu kuphela. Khathesi ab lima emapulazini la njaloim qheliswa yagoqela izigaba phandleni. Imigwaqo emihie iphath kisweni kwendawo zemaph6 thisa uzulu wemaphandlen limo zakhe emikambo lekut phangisa izinto ezidingaka yabo. Imigwaqo emihle epA theni ukusebenzelana kwan ndawo zemaphandleni, len The development of rural areas and the establishment of growth points is ZANU (PF)'s priority. there were 3 000 students in teacher training colleges. This year the figure stands at about 8 900. The University of Zimbabwe had only 1 481 students in 1979; this year the number has risen to over 5 600 students. ZANU (PF) and its government believe that every Zimbabwean should be provided with the opportunity to learn in order to fully participate in the socioeconomic activities of the country. This is a basic right which should not be denied any Zimbabwean. Great strides have been made in mak. ing health services accessible to all Zimbabweans. People earning $150,00 or less per month receive free medical care. Rural health services have been established which include the construction of new clinics and rural health centres. Since 1980, over 44 rural health centres have been built - none existed before independence. Each village now enjoys the services of a village health worker (there were no village health workers before 12 nayo. Kungakhathalekile ngobunzii obalethwa yikwehla kwenotho yamaz omhlaba lokungani kwezulu, uhu mende wenza ingqubelaphambili ebui kayo. Udubo oselusele ngolokulungis imigwaqo eyabhidlizwa lizulu. IMIZEBENZI YENTUTHUKO EQHUTSHWA NGUZULU ENHLANGANISWENI EZIMBAL WA Ngesikhathi sabahuquluzi benotho uzi wayephathwa njengezichaka zamabhui A besilisa labesifazane abansundu babe tshenziswa ekuthuthukiseni inotho yat bhunu. Khathesi ibandla likazulu s bumbe inhlanganiso zokuqoqa uzulu e, fundiseni ngenjongo yenkululeko yel kanye lekulandelweni kwamanyath amatsha okuletha inguquko enothw lakunhlalakahle yethu. Sekubu inhlanganiso yabatsha kanye leKh .~~Vol., N 5.~ o-1~-,,ne ,1 - 5 .... abwe News Vol.16 No. 5 May/June 1985 1:q lb q~J A is a building block in the movement towards intra-continental economic cooperation. kubva mumapurazi makuru ichienmaruwa. gagwa yakanaka inobatsira mubamimudzira mumaruwa. Inorerutsii vemumamisha pakuendesa zvirizavo kwavanozvitengesa pamwe Lwanewo zvinobvakumwe nenziaeruka. Migwagwa yakanaka izawo kusiyana kwemaruwa nea Kunyange zvazvo nyika yanga irra yakanaka pamwe nedamburekuderera kweupfumi munyika Mi pose, chirongwa cheHurumende igadzira migwagwa chakafamba inaka. lyezvino chave kudiwa, kugamigwagwa yakaondomorwa nemvu- POPULAR PARTICIPATION THROUGH MASS ORGANISATION Panguva yehudzvanyiriri veruzhinji, vatema varidzi venyika vakanga vasina chavo, vaingotarirawo zvaiitika. Basa ravo rakanga riri rekushandira mabhunu aitonga. lyezvino musangano wevanhu wakavamba masangano ekudzidzisa veruzhinji zvinoreva rusununguko nezvinodiwa panguva ino mumabasa emagariro evanhu neeupfumi. Sangano revechiduku, rinekanzuru yaro rega inoona nemashandiro evechiduku munyika yose rakaumbwa kukurudzira rutsigiro muvanhu. Iri ibasa guru kwazvo ravakapiwa, sakavechiduku vanofanira kuve nezvinangwa pane zvavanoita pamwe nekuzvibata. Vanofanira kuita mabasa ekuzviriritira parniwe nekuita mabasa echiuto kudzivirira nyika. Mazuva achangopera, vechiduku 1980). Our Party and Government place great emphasis on primary health care instead of curative services. Our drive to make clean water available to everyone in this country is partly connected with this emphasis on primary health care. Because of these measures the health of the nation has improved. GRAVEL ROADS IN COMMUNAL AREAS Before independence the road- network which was constructed was targeted for the former white highlands of the country. Now Africans are on those highlands and the thrust is from the highlands to the communal lands in all directions. Allweather paved roads are spreading from the commercial farms to the communal areas. Good roads are essential for the continued development of the rural areas. They enable peasants to send their produce to the markets, and to have easy access to goods and services. Good road networks also reduce the gap between urban and rural areas, as well as the imbalance in development. In spite of the drought and the world economic recession, the government's road construction programme has been impressive. Now, there is need to repair many roads that were washed away by the heavy rains. POPULAR PARTICIPATION THROUGH Mass Organisations In colonial times the masses of our people - the indigenous black majority - yabo ekusekeleni izinqumo zebandla likazulu lekuqoqeni uzulu emisebenzini yengqubelaphambili. Lokhu kuqakathekile njalo kufanele abasakhulayo baziphathe bazi lapho abayakhona ekuqhubeni imisebenzi yabo. Kusikhatshana esisanda kwedlula abasakhulayo bebehlaselwa ngabahlamuki. Yikhoke inhlanganiso yethu yabatsha kufanele ivikelwe nguhulumende lobanje kufanele ukuthi izivikele nxa kudingakala. Amabandla abathengisi kufanele azi ukuthi abasakhulayo bebandla likazulu balarnandla wokuzivikela. Umthetho ochaza ukuthi osakhulayo usekhulile wenzelwa ukuthi babe lelungelo lokuvota hatshi ukupha ilungelo emantombazaneni ukuthi bazendise bengatholanga imvumo ebazalini babo. Kufanele kwethulwe omunye umthetho ophathelane lalo/odaba wokuchasisa umthetho owabunjwayo ukuze abantwana baqhubekele phambili bengaphansi kwenkokhelo yabazali babo, kuzekufike isikhathi sokuthi bayok wenda kumbe bathathwe. Loba kunjalo abathetheneyo babavame ukudinga uncedo ebazalini babo. Yikhoke umithetho lomakawulanjongo yokubhidliza amasiko ethu. IZISEBENZI ZEZIMBA B WE EziYISIGIDI IZimbabwe ilezisebenzi eziyisigidi ezithuthukisa ingaisha zayo zonke zengqubelaphambili. Zilomsebenzi omkhulu wokuphathisa ekubunjweni kombuso wokusuthiswa kwezifiso zikazulu. Ngaphambilini izisebenzi zazingelasandla emisebenzin i

14 vanga vachipondwa nevapanduki. Nhengo dzebazi redu revechiduku dzinofanira kudzivirirwa nehurumende, asi vanofanira kugara vakagadzirira kuzvidzivirirawo nekushandisa zvombo kana zvakakodzera. Mapato evatengesi anofanira kuziva simba rine vechiduku vedu. Hurumende yakaumba bazi revechiduku, mitambo nezvetsika, rakapiwa basa rekudzidzisa vechiduku mabasa anoda ruzivo pamwe nekusimudzira tsika dzedu itsva richibatanidza zvakanaka zvinobva patsika dzechinyakare nezvakanaka munedzamazuva ano. Bato revanhu haribvumidze kusazvibata kunoita vamwe vechiduku vatinoona vachifamba vudzi rakangoti nyangarara, nema bhurugwa ezvikabanga nekusvuta mbanje. MADZIMAI Kusunungurwa kwevanhukadzi kubva munedzimwe tsika dzechinyakare pamwe were spectators in society. They were tools of the ruling white settlers. Black men and women were merely labourers. Now, the Party has established mass organisations to mobilise and educate our masses on the basic facts of independence, the requirements of the new socio-economic order. A Youth League, with its own National Council, has been established to galvanise support for the Party and to mobilise the broad masses. This is a very important responsibility, and the Youth should be disciplined and purposeful in all their activities. They should engage in self-help activities, as well as in military activities to defend our nation. In recent weeks members of our Youth League have been objects of attacks by dissidents and bandits. Our Youth Leaguers should be protected by the government, but they should also be ready to defend themselves, by armed force if necessary. The minority parties should know and experience the strength of our youths. yemadolobheni. Umsebenzi w, wawungowokuthuthukisa inhialaki yamabhunu kuphela Iokuhlaliswa er weni eziminyeneyo. Izisebenzi zt mbabwe zazibanjwa ngaman zingatsholutho. Inhlanganiso zezisebi zazicindezelwe okwenza uka ngokukhululeka kwelizwe kwaswelaA inhlanganiso eyayimele izifiso zezisebe Saqalisa phansi ekusunguleni in, nganiso yezisebenzi, eye ZCTU lezi ezaziphathelane layo ukuze zikhangeil lezifiso zezisebenzi. Ibandla laban leZANU (PF) lasebenza gadal, ekuthuthukiseni kwezisebe zamafekitali emisebenzi le: (a) Kwethulwa umthetho wemali o lwa yizisebenzi ezazihola in ephansi; Lumthetho waphat, izisebenzi zemapulazini lezezind ezazicindezelwe kakubi ngamab nu. (b) Kwethulwa umthetho weEmpt ment Act owenqabela abaqhat 4 4 , 94, 4~~, Mothers' contribution to the health of Zimbabwean children in cooperating and understanding of the natio expanded immunisation programme nehudzvanyiriri imwe nyaya huru irimubato. lzvi ndizvo zvakasakisa kuti kuumbwe sangano remadzimai mubato. Sangano irori rakaita Congress yaro muna Ndira 1984. lzviwo ndizvo zvakasakisa kuti hurumende iumbe bazi rekusimudzirwa kweveruzhinji nenyaya dzevanhukadzi kuitira kuti risimudzire madzimai. Basa guru rebazi iri nderekugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu magariro nekusunungura vanhukadzi kubva muhudzvanyiriri. Rakapiwawo basa rekutangisa nzvimbo dzekuchengetera vana nema creche. Makirabhu nemishandirapamwe irikutangiswa nebazi iri zvichabatsira mukusimudzira gwara regutsa ruzhinji. Bato revanhu harifariri zvinodaidzwa kuti kodzero yevanhukadzi sezvinowanikwa kuUnited States nedzimwe nyika dzevapambevhu. Tinoda zvekukurudzira zvekuenzana pamabasa, mashandiro emumabasa ehu- The government has established a Ministry of Youth, Sport and Culture charged with the responsibility to train youth in skills at all levels that the country desperately needs; and to promote our new culture by combining progressive aspects from our past and the present. The Party does not encourage the permissive society represented by youths who walk in our streets with long uncombed hair, or half-long trousers, and daggasmoking. WOMEN The emancipation of women from both some traditional practices, as well as the shackles of colonialism, is a major item on the agenda of the Party. This is why a Women's League (which held its Congress in March 1984), with its own Najinnal Council, was formed within the ukuxotsha izisebenzi kungela zizatho ezisobala. Uhulumende usebumbe ugatsha iwabasakhulayo, imidlalo lamasiko olwaphiwa umsebenzi wokufundisa abasakhulayo imisebenzi etshiyeneyo yokuthuthukisa ilizwe lethu kanye lekuthuthukiseni ezamasiko ethu. Ibandla likazulu le ZANU (PF) kalisekeli abasakhulayo abangaziphathiyo behamba ezitaladeni belenwele ezingcolileyo zingakanywanga, begqoke butshapha, abanye bebhema imbanie A BESIFAZANE Enye ingqubelaphambili esenziswe libendla elibusayo ngeyokukhulula abesifazane ekucindezelweni leminye imithethq Yethu yekadeni leyabacindezeli. Yikho kwabunjwa inhlanganiso yabesifazane eyenza umhlangano wayo wakuqala ng %I149 611 A FLA II Ioar. r tumoaowe Ncews Vol.16 No. n pfumi pamwe nekubatwa zvakaenzana. Tinoda kuti vanhukadzi vawenewo mabasa kose kose, muma industry nemumabasa ezvekurima nekushanda zvakaenzana nevanhurume mukusimudzira nyika. Kuti vanhu vose vabatwe zvakafanana, tii kuronga kuisa mutemo unobvumira vanhukadzi kuti vave nekodzero yekuve nenhumbi dzavowo vega dzisina murume mukati. Mutemo wekuti munhu anemakore gumi nemasere anonzi abvezero wakaitirwa kuvhota kwete kuti vasikana varoworwe zvisingabvumidzwe nevabereki vavo. Panofanira kudzikwa mumwe mutemo unopedza kupokana kungangodaro kwakavepo pamwe nekuita kuti vana vavepasi pevabereki vavo, kusvika vazoroworwa. Kunyange zvakadaro, vanhurume vakaroora nemadzimai akaroorwa vanopiwa mazano nevabereki vavo. Mutemo wed u haufaniri kukanganisa tsika idzodzi. MIRIYONI IMWE CHETE YEVASHANDI VEMU ZIMBABWE Budiriro yenyika ino, iri mumaoko evashandi vanosvika miriyoni imwe chete. Basa guru revashandi kate nanhasi, raive rid rekutungamira ruzhinji mugwara regutsa ruzhinji, nemukuumbwa kwenyika inc shanduko nebudiriro. Panguva yehutongi hwevapambevhu, vashandi vainyinwa kodzero dzavo mumadhorobha avaishandira nemumabasa. Vaigariswa munzvimbo dzakamanikidzana, uye vachitorwa sevaranda vaingomirira kushandira vachena. Vaimanikidzwa kugara nezvitupa panguva dzese, vachitambiriswa mart inosiririsa, kunyange havo vaiita mabasa akafanana neevachena. Masangano aimirira vashandi vatema aive akadzvinyirirwa, ndokusaka paive pasina masangano evashandi aive nemasimba panguva yeku. wana kuzvitonga kuzere. Nokudaro takaumba mubatanidzwa wemasangano evashandi, weZimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions ZCTU, nemamwewo masangano kuti achengetedze kodzero dzevashandi. Bato reruzhinji reZANU (PF), rakarwisa zvakaomarara kuti vashandi vasimudzirwe mumabasa, mumigodhi pamwe chete nemumapurazi. Dzimwe kodzero dzakawana vashandi ndedzinotevera: a) Mutemo weMinimum Wage, unotara marl iri pasi pasi inofanira kutambiriswa vashandi. Mutemo uyu wakakosha nokuti wakadzivirira vashandi vemumapurazi, nevemudzimba, vaive vakadzvinyirirwa zvikuru pamar yavanotambira. b) Mutemo weEmployment, unodzivirira vashandi kuti vasadzingwa mumabasa pasina chikonzero, zvikuru panguva iyo paidzikwa mutemo we"minimum wage", apo vashandirwi vaive vasingadi kutambirisa vashandi marl yaive yatarwa nehurumende. c) Mutemo we"Labour Relations", unotsanangudza kodzero dzevashandi Party. This was also the reason the government established the Ministry of Community Development and Women's Affairs to promote and advance women in our society. The main charge of this Ministry is to redress the inequalities of the past, and remove the oppression of women. It is also charged with, among other things, formation of Day-Care Centres and pre-schools. Clubs and Cooperatives operated by League members are being established, and will assist in the development of socialism. The Party does not encourage the socalled women's liberation movement popular in the United States and other capitalist countries, which tries to set women against men based in crude and superficial analysis. We want to promote real equality at the level of work, economic opportunity and social justice. We want women to take up employment in all branches of commerce, industry and agriculture, and to be equal partners with men in development. In order to promote social justice, we are enacting legislation to enable women to hold their own property, and to inherit equitable property from their husbands for the good of the family and children. The controversial Age of Majority Act which we passed has been grossly misunderstood. The passing of the Act was never meant to abolish the normal consultative relations between children and parents especially as it relates to marriage. Further legislation should be enacted to clarify any misunderstanding that has arisen. It is well known that the consultative process within and among family members regardless of their age, sex or marital status have been extremely positive and have contributed to considerable social stability. Our legislation should therefore not be seen to be interferring with this aspect of our cultural and social heritage. THE ONE MILLION ZIMBABWE WORKERS The largest potential for mass organisa. tion and mobilisation is among the workers, who number one million in Zimbabwe. They have the historic task of forging socialism and ushering in a new society. In the past, urban and rural African workers had no stake whatsoever in the new cities. Their role was to labour for the capitalists and live in segregated and overcrowded ghettoes. Zimbabwe workers were required to carry passes for identification. They were paid a tenth of the wages paid to white workers doing the same job. Trade Unions were suppressed. As a result, at the time of independence, there were no viable established trade unions. We had to build up the ZCTU and related unions from scratch to ensure that the interests of workers were protected, and their grievances were ventilated. The Mbimbitho ngo 1984, kwabunjwa leKhansili yabo ekhokhelwa libandla likazulu. Yikho nialo okwenza uhulumende abumbe ugatsha lokuthuthukiswa kukazulu lendaba zabesifazane. Wayehlose ukuthi lofu gatsha luthuthukise abesifazane kanye lokususa yonke imigoqo ecindizele abesifazane. Lolu gatsha Iwaphiwa umsebenzi wokusungula izikolo zokugcinela abantwana abangakayi ezikoiweni, lokusungula amakilabhu lenhlanganiso zokusebenzelana zikhokhelwa ngamalunga enhianganiso yabesifazane ekugcwaliseni umbuso wokusuthiswa kwezifiso zikazulu. lbandla likazulu kalisekeft inhianganiso yabesifazane bemazweni abahuquluzi engahlosanga ukuletha ukulingana ekuqhutshweni kwayo yonke imisebenzi, amathuba alinganayo enhlelweni zenotho lelungelo elifanayo. Thina sifuna ukubona abesifazane besibalesandla emisebenzini yonke yokuthengiselana, eyezandla leyokulima, balingane labesilisa emisebenzini yonke yengqubelaphambili. Ekugcwaliseni ilungelo lomuntu, sesibumba umithetho okhuthaza abesifazane ukuba lelungelo lokuba lempahla ezibiza bona, kanye lokuphiwa impahla nxa owesilisa angaqala ukufa ukuze umama labantwana bangadubeki sebesele bodwa. (c) Kwethulwa umthetho we Labour Relations Act olamasu ezisebenzi ochaza ngokusebenza kwezisebenzi leminye imithetho okufanele ilandelwe ngabaqatshi layizisebenzi; ukubuniwa kwamakomiti ezisebenzi asephathise kakhulu ekuvikeleni ilungelo lezisebenzi. IZAPU lebandla lamabhunu le Conservative Alliance aphikisa lumthetho edale lephalamende mhla ziyisi khombisa ngoNkwenkwezi ngo 1985. Bamanyene ekulwisaneni lezifiso zezisebenzi. Kusukela ekutholeni kwethu uzibuse izisebenzi zengezelelwe iholo. Ibandla likazulu le ZANU (PF) lokhu lilamalungiselelo wokuthi izisebenzi ezileholo elipha. nsi zengezelelwe iholo lazo. Lifisa lokubona kuthuthukiswa inhielo zokuhamba kwamabhasi endaweni ezinengi kwenziwe njalo izindlu ezingakhiwanga kuhle emizini elenengi labantu. lzisebenzi zeZimbabwe kufanele zitshayelwe ihiombe ngokusebenza ngamandla ekuthuthukiseni imisebenzi ngesikhathi seminyakayokungani kwezulu kungakhathalekile ngobunzima kugatsha Iwemisebenzi. lbandla lenengi leZimbabwe likhuthaza izisebenzi zesilisa lezesifazane ekut huthukiseni ulwazi Iwazo ngokuya ezikolweni zantambama. Ngo 1982 sethula uhlelo olutsha lokuthuthukisa izisebenzi ezazisazi umsebenzi wazo kodwake zingelazithupha zokuwufundela. Loluhlelo Iwaphathisa ekuthuthukisweni kwezisebenzi eziphosa ukufika kunkulungwane eziyisikhombisa. A innathelo wonke la ayehlose ukuphakaiisa izisebenzi engatsheni zonke zeZimbabwe. Lobanje kwaba lengqubela- babwe News Vol.16 No 5 M /June 1985 Mavl.l==n 1QRF=

1/ i VOl.16 No. 5 May/June 1985 Zimbabwe New mumabasa nenguva dzavanofanira kushanda zuva rega rega; unokurudzirawo kuumbwa kwemakomiti anomirira vashandi mumabasa, ma"workers' committee", anobatsira vashandi kusvitsa zvichemo zvavo nekuvadzivirira mumabasa. ZAPU nebato ralan Smith reConservative Alliance, zvakaramba kutsigira mutemo uyu mudare reparamende musi wa7 Chivabvu 1985. Izvi zvakaratidza paachena kuti mapato aya haana zvido zvevashandi mupfungwa. M ar inotambirwa nevashandi yakawedzerwa kakati kuti kubva panguva yekusununguka kwenyika ino. Chinangwa chemusangano weruzhinji, kuwedzera man inotambirwa nevanhu vanotambiriswa mart iri pasi pasi, uye hausi kufadzwa nemari shoma ichiri kutambirwa nevamwe vashandi. Musangano weZANU (PF), hausi kufadzwawo nekushomeka kwemabhazi munzvimbo dzakawanda, nedzimba dzakavakwa nhange mutange nemabhunu munzvimbo dzinogara veruzhinji. Chinangwa chebato, ndechekusimudzira mabasa ose aya kuti agutse mhuri yeZimbabwe. Vashandi vemunyika muno, vanofanira kurumbidzwa zvikuru nokushanda zvakaomarara panguva yekusanaya kwemvura, kunyange pakave nekugumurwa kwevamwe vavo mumabasa. Bato reruzhinji rinokurudzira vashandi kuti vaenderere mberi vachivandudza dzidzo yavo munguva dzavanenge vasiri pamabasa. Muna 1982, takatangisa chirongwa chekusimudzira vashandi vaive neruzivo rwemabasa asi vasina zvitupa zvekuita basa iri. Pasi pacho vashandi vakanyoreswa bvunzo, vanoda kusvika zviuru zvinomwe vakapiwa zvitupa, ndokusimudzirwa mumabasa avo. Matanho ese aya aine donzo rekupa vashandi kodzero dzavo dzavainyimwa panguva yehutongi hwevasvetasimba. Kunyange pakave nebudiriro inoyemurika mumatanho ose aya, musangano wevanhu uchiine shungu dzekunhadzurudza tumwe tunhu twakasaririra. Maitiro evam we vakuru vakuru vechichena mumabasa anoshoreka, nokuti havasati vashandura pfungwa yavo yekutungamirwa nevatema. Naizvozvo ma"workers' committee" anofanira kuva ziso revashandi mukufumura vanhu vakadai. Kune vamwe vakuru. vakuru vechitema mumabasa vave kutoredzera maitiro aya. Pasi pechinangwa nekurudziro yehurumende yekuregererana, vanhu vose vanofanira kuremekedzana sevanhu vemhuri imwe. Vashandi vane basa guru kwazvo rekusimudzira nyika saka naizvozvo vanofanira kukudziridzwa. Chisungo chehurumende chekuregererana chakava nebudiriro zvikuru, zvakaita kuti vatema nevachena vashande pamwe chete nekugarisana pamwe chete pasina kuvengana. Chisungo ichi chine hunhu, uye chinoyemurwa zvikuru nepasi rese. Izvi zvakabatsira kuti vachena, vaive nerln,ivo rwekufambiua basa. vasatize ZANU(PF) Party has fought strenuously for the advancement of the workers in the factory, on the mines, and on the farms. Some of the major blows struck on behalf of workers include: a) Minimum Wage Act which stipulated a minimum wage for the first time. This was important for farm labourers and domestic workers (two of the largest group of workers) who were the most exploited groups in the past. b) The Employment Act which prevented employers dismissing workers willy-nilly as a response to minimum wages, or other considerations. c) The Labour Relations Act which is a charter for workers, stipulating minimum conditions of work for every industry which must be observed by every employer; and setting up Workers Committees that have helped workers in defending their interests at the factory. ZAPU and the Conservative Alliance (the Smith romp) opposed this legislation vigorously in Parliament on May 7, 1985. They shamelessly walked into the same lobby. Wages and salaries of workers have been increased at various times since independence: and the national wage bill has gone up considerably. Party policy was to offer the largest increase to low wage earners. The Party is still unhappy with the wages at the lower levels, it also remains unhappy with the inadequacy of bus services in many areas, and poor houses in high density urban townships. Efforts must be made in the future to improve these facilities. The workers of this country are to be saluted for increasing production in drought years, inspite of retrenchments and shorter working periods. To enable workers to be more efficient and to participate meaningfully in decision-making processes in their work places, the Party encourages workers and their wives to attend night schools for adult literacy and for learning skills. In 1982 we introduced a new system of up-grading semi-skilled workers through grading and trade-testing. As a result of this a total of 6 886 workers were tradetested and up-graded. All these measures were aimed at improving the status of workers throughout Zimbabwean industry and eradicating outmoded practices. Although much has been accomplished in this regard, some pockets of resistence to change remain. In particular, attitudes of certain white managers leave much to be desired. Workers Committees should expose and even challenge such bosses. Some newlyappointed black managers are also becoming as bossy as the colonial masters they have replaced. The policy of reconciliation which we advocate is and must phambili ethile kusafunakala inguquko ethile, ngoba kusasele ixukwanyana elingafuni ukwemukela linguquko. Ukungaziphathi kwabanye abaqatshi abamhlo. phe kulshengisa ukuthi kufanele bagu. quke. Abanye abansundu abaphiwa izikhundla eziphezulu labo sebeqalisa ukucindezela. Ilungelo lomuntu egatsheni lolu lufanele lufezwe ngemfanelo. lsinqumo sikahulumende sokuxolelana silet he ingqubelaphambili encomekayo osokwenze abansundu labamhlophe basebenze belokuwelelana ngazo zonke izikhathi. Saphathisa ukuthi abanye babainhlope abazi imisebenzi ethile baqhubekele phambili bethuthukisa ifizwe lethu. Kodwake isinqumo sokuxolelana kasitsho ukuthi sibe yizichaka zabamhlophe emisebenzini kumbe kwale kulomehluko o,nkhulu phakathi kwernali eholwa ngabansundu labamhlophe. UKUGXILA IMPANDE Ukugxila impande embusweni welizwe viyo inhloso yebandla likazuhl lonyaka, okungumyaka wokhetho olukhulu Iwesibili olwenziwa elizweni jikelele. Lesi yisinquno okufanele sigcwafiswe. Injongo yempi eyakhokhelwa libandla likazulu le ZANU (PF) yayingeyokukhulula iZimbabwe einbusweni wamabhunu wocindezelo lobandlululo. Kusukela ekutholeni kwethu inkululeko, agxile impande. U1978 wawungumnyaka wokufeza impi yokukhulula uzulu ngoba indawo ezakhululwa ngainabutho enkululeko zabunjwa amakoiniti ayekhokhelwa yizakhamizi. U. mnyaka ka 1979 waba ngowokuqhelisa /inpi ngoba kulapho uzu/u weinaphandleni lezisebenzi zaba lesandla esiphe. zulu ekubhidlizeni zonke ingatsha zabacindezeli. Umnyaka ka 1980 waba ngowoinbuso kazutu ngoba kulapho okwakhuhleka i/izwe lethu, kwabhidlizwa umbuso wabezi. ininyaka ka 1981 kusiya ku 1984 vaba yimninyaka yenguquko. Kodwake uinnyaka ka 1985 ngowokugxila impande embusweni welizwe lethu. Lonyaka kubhalise izikhonzi zeZimbabwe ezedlula izigidi ezimbili ekubeni Ie/ungelo lokuvota. Inengi lizavola okwakuqala empilweni yalo. Uzulu weZimbabwe o lelungelo lokuvota kuyafanele agcwalise iungelo lakhe ngokuvotela ilunga kumbe ibandla alifunayVo. UHulumende welu/a lesi sikhathi ukwenzeta ukuthi zonke izikhonzi zibe lethuba lokubhalisa ukuba laleli hlngelo. Kanye lokuthatha ainanyetho wokwenzela ukuthi ukhetho hbe ngo/nkhu/ulekeyo. Khathesi umsebenzi wokubhafisa uzulu usuphelile lobanje kwaba lobunzima obuithile. Ikomiti yedale lephalainende ebikhokhelwa ngumphathintambo wezokwahlhdela, inithetho endaba zephalainende ikhokhelee umsebenzi wokulungi,ele/a oh khetho. Isekelwe emsebenzi lo yikomiti eqakathekilevo kakhulu yezisebenzi zikahuhunende ezihoniphekayO ebikhokhetwa nguinnu M. Thompson uingcinisihlalo wekoinidi yezisebenzi

Zimbabwe News Vol.16 No. 6 mumabasa vasati vadzidzisa vatema mafambisirwo emabasa avo. Asi chisungo ichi chekuregererana, hachirevi kuti vachena vanofanira kuenderera mberi nehumbimbindoga hwekutungamira mumabasa, kana kuti vanhu vaitambira marl iri pamusorosoro vanofanira kuenderera mberi vachiwedzerwa marl, vari pasi vasimudzirwe. KUDZIKA MIDZI 1985, rinove gore richaitwa sarudzo yechi piri muZimbabwe yakasununguka, igore redzika midzi. Iri harisi zita bedzi, asi kuti chinangwa chikuru chebato. Donzo remusangano we ZANU (PF), panguva yehondo yechimurenga, uye nepanguva yekusununguka kwedu, raive riri rekupiwa kweruzhinji masimba ekuzvitonga, pamwe chete nekusimbaradzwa kwaro. Gore ra1978 raive gore reruzhinji, uye mawuto edu erusununguko akasunungura nzvimbo dzine chitsama, ndokuumba makomiti emumisha kuti .,tungamire ruzhinji rwemunyika kurova hondo yerusununguko. 1979 raive gore regukurahundi, apo ruzhinji rwemhuri yeZimbabwe rwakatanga kuparadza hutongi hwehupambevhu nerusaruraganda. 1980 raive gore remasimba evanhu, apo takawana rusununguko rwekuzvitonga, pamwe chete nekuparadzwa hwehupambevhu. Makore a 1981 kusvika 1984, aive makore ekupindura zvinhu. Gore ra1985 igore redzika midzi. Gore rino, vagari vemuZimbabwe vanoda kusvika mamiriyoni matatu vari kunyoreswa kuve nekodzero yekuvhota, uye ruzhinji rwavo rwuchanovhota kekutanga muupenyu rwaro. Munhu wese ane kodzero yekuvhota anofanira kushandisa vhoti yake neungwaru, nekuvhotera bato nenhengo yaanofunga kuti ndiyo ingamirire zvido zvake muparamende. Hurumende yakaita zvirongwa zvekuti sarudzo iri kutevera iitwe murusununguko nemurunyararo. Kunyoreswa kwevavhoti kwakapera, kunyange hazvo basa iri raive rakaoma zvikuru nepamusana kwekuwanda kwevanhu vainyoresa.. Hurumende yakaumba komiti, inotungamirwa negurukota rinoona nekutongwa kwemhosva, mitemo, nenyaya dzeparamende, yaive nebasa rekuona kuti kunyoreswa kwevanhu kodzero yekuvhota, pamwe chete nesarudzo, zvaitwa nenzira yakatwasuka. Komiti iyi inotsigirwa nebazi rinoona nezvesarudzo, rinonzi Election Directorate, rinotungamirwa naVa M. Thompson, sachigaro vekomiti inoona nezvevashandi veHurumende. VaThompson vakatungamirira komiti yakatungamira musarudzo yemunal980. Pamusoro pemapazi aya, panc mamwezve makomiti maviri anoshanda ari pasi pemutungamiri wenyika. Yekutanga. iDelimitation Commission inoona nekukamurwa kwernatunhu achakwikwidzwa, ichitungamirwa naJustice Sandura. Komiti iyi ine basa rekuona kuti matunhu emunyika agoverwa zvigaro zvinoenzana nehux a- 17 be based on a recognition of the respect and dignity of individual worker. Labour plays as vital a role as capital in the production process. The government's policy of reconciliation has been highly successful, making it possible for blacks and whites to live and work cheek by jowl in this country. It is a principled, humanitarian policy. It is also practical in that our industrial in frastructure requires the skilled labour that some whites have. But, reconciliation does not mean continuation of white bossyism at the work place, or the continuation of the present wide gap in incomes and earnings between blacks and whites. CONSOLIDATION OF PEOPLE'S POWER The consolidation of people's power is the declared slogan of the Party for 1985 the year of the second general election. It is not just a slogan, but a declared policy objective. The central objective of ZANU (PF) in the armed struggle for liberation from colonialism and racism, and since the attainment of independence in 1980, has been the transfer of power to the people, and then consolidating that power. 1978 was called "the year of the people" when the Party cadres opened up liberated zones and established village committees run and organised by Zimbabwe peasants; 1979 was "the year of people's storm" when the organised peasantry and workers started the process of breaking down the colonial and racist state institutions; 1980 was "the year of people's power" when political independence was achieved, and the colonial era brought to an end. The years 1981-1984 were "years of social transformation". But 1985 is "the year of consolidating people's power". This year the largest number of Zimbabweans (2.9 million), are being enfranchised, and many of them are exercising their vote for the first time. Every adult Zimbabwean must exercise this political right and cast his vote for the candidate and Party of his choice. Elaborate arrangements have been made by the government, to ensure that the elections will be free and fair. Registration of voters has been completed, although the process was complicated by the large numbers involved. A sub-committee of the Cabinet, chaired by the Minister of Justice, Legal ard Parliamentary Affairs, has supervised all stages of the registration and election process. It has been supported by a high-powered committee of the most senior civil servants - The Election Directorate - headed by Mr. M. Thompson, Chairman of the Public Service Commission. Mr. Thompson headed the committee that organised the 1980 elections. In addition, there are two commissions which report directly to the State President. One is The Delimitation Coin- zikahulumende. Umnu. Thompson nguye owakhokhela ikomiti eyalungiselela ukhetho luka 1980. Yikhoke kulamakomiti amabili ethulela umkhokheli welizwe imibiko yawo ngalolu daba. Eyokuqala ngethiwa Delimitation Commission ebona ngokulungiswa kwezigaba zokuvotela elizweni jikelele, le ikhokhelwa ngumanishi uJustice Sandura. Eyesibili ngethiwa ngesingisi Election Supervisory Commission ekhokhelwa ngu sikwicamfundo W.K. Kamba ongu Vice Chancellor we University yeZimbabwe. Likomiti ngebona ngokulandelwa okuqotho kwendlela zokhetho, njalo ibikela umongameli welizwe ngokuqhutshwa komsebenzi wayo. llamada wokucwayisisa nxa kungela kusuthiseka kuzulu, inhlanganiso kumbe kwebandla lezombuso welizwe, ngokuqhutshwa kokhetho. Olunye udaba oluyisinengiso ngolokuthi abamh/ophe babelabameli ngaphansi kwesisekelo sombuso seLancaster House. A bamhlophe abazinkulungwane ezingamatshumi amathathu lanhlanu bazakhetha amalunga angamatshumi amabili azabamela kudale lephalamende, kukanti inani linye labansundu lizakhetha ilunga linye. Lesi sisekelo sombuso esilobandlululo sizalungisiswa ngokuphangisa nxa ithuba lingatholakala. UKUBUNJWA KWEBUTHO LEZIMBABWE LE ZIMBABWE NATIONAL ARMY (ZNA) Ingqube/aphambili esobala eyenziwa libandla likazulu IeZANU (PF) IoHulumende eminyakeni emih/anu esedlule, yikumanyanisa akwenza amabutho ayekuzigaba ezintantu ezithi: awe ZANLA, ZIPRA layengawe , wonke aba libutho linye le Zimbabwe National Army, ngaphansi kukandunankulu munye. Iziphathamandla zamabutho ele Britain zaphathisa kakhulu ekufundiseni ibutho lesizwe sethu kanye labangane bethu be Democratic People's Republic ye Korea. Lelibutho elithembekileyo kakhulu liphumeele ekulondolozeni ukuthula ngazo zonke ezikhathi lekuvike/eni inkululeko yethu. Leli butho lenze imuliye Zimbabwe yadla izithelo zenkululeko yazo. Ngaphandle k waleli butho kwakuzakuba nzima ukuthi imuli ye Zimbabwe yenze ingqubelaphambili ebukekayo esikhona elizweni jikelele. Ubudlelwano kanye lokusebenzelana phakathi kwebutho lesizwe le ZNA /ozulu lube lengqubelaphambili ebukekayo. Ibutho le Zimbabwe lihlala liphathisa imuli ye Zimbabwe emisebenzini yentuthuko, efana leyokwakha izikolo, amakilinika, amabholoho, /okuhlanza indawo zelizlve ezingcoileyo. Zonke ingatsha zebutho lethu le ZNA sizisungele uhlelo lokuziphilisa ngokufeza imisebenziyengqubelaphambili. lhayifosi ye Zimbabwe (A FZ), amabutho kazulu awe People's Militia. lamapholisa eZimbabwe, awe Zimbabwe Republic Police (ZRP) lezinye ingatsha Mavliunm, 1QR6 Zimbabwe News V01.16 No 5 Ma /June 1985 I J. Vol.16 No. 5 May/June 1985 Zimbabwe News ndu hwevanhu. Komiti yechipiri, iElection Supervisory Commission, inotungamirwa naProfessor Walter Kamba, vanove Vice Chancellor veUniversity yemuZimbabwe. Komiti iyi, inoshandawo iri pasi pemutungamiri wenyika, uye basa rayo nderekuona kuti sarudzo iyi yaitwa zviri pamutemo, pasina kutyorwa bumbiro remitemo. Kana pane vanhu, masangano, kana kuti mapato anenge asina kugutsikana nekufambiswa kwesarudzo, vanosungirwa kusvitsa zvichemo zvavo kukomiti iyi. Chimwe chinhu chinogumbura zvikuru mubumbiro remutemo reLancaster House, zvigaro gumi nezviviri zvakachengeterwa vachena mudare reparamende. Vachena vane kodzero yekuvhota, zviuru makumi matatu nezvishanu chete. lzvi zvinoreva kuti pavanhu vatema vane kodzero yekuvhota, huwandu humwe chetehwo hunokwanisa kusarudza nhengo imwe cheteyo mudare reparamende, vachena vachisarudza nhengo makumi maviri. Hurumende ichatora matanho ekunhadzurudza bumbiro remutemo kuti rifambirane nezvido zveruzhinji ikawana mukana wekuita izvi. KUUMBWA KWEMAUTO ERUNYARARO (ZNA) lmwe budiriro yakaitwa nebato reveruzhinji reZANU (PF) neHurumende mumakore mashanu apfuura, kubatanidzwa kwakaitwa mauto eZANLA, ZIPRA neeRhodesia kuva chinhu chimwe pasi pehutungamiriri humwe. Chikwata chenhengo dzemauto eku Britain, chakaita basa guru rekudzidzisa mauto enyika eZimbabwe National Army, pamwe neshamwari dzedu dzakabva kuDemocratic People's Republic yeKorea. Mauto edu akabudirira zvikuru mukuchengetedza runyararo nekudzivirira rusununguko rwenyika panguva dzakange dzakawoma. Kuvimbika kwemauto enyika yedu kwakaita kuti mhuri yeZimbabwe idye michero yerusununguko yakafara, pamwe nekugarika, nekudzika midzi mumasimba ekutonga. Tisina mauto akavimbika kudai, veruzhinji vaigona kurasikirwa nekodzerodzavo nerusununguko rwavo. Kune kudyidzana kwakasimba zvikuru pakati peveruzhinji nemauto erunyararo eZNA. Mauto everuzhinji abudirira zvikuru mukubatsira veruzhinji mumabasa ebudiriro, akafanana neekuvaka zvikoro, makirinika, mazambuko nemamwewo mabasa ekuchenesa maguta edu. Chokwadi, mauto edu eZNA abudirira muchinangwa chekusimudzira mabasa akatsawukana emagariro everuzhinii. Mauto ehayitosi (AFZ), ePeople's Militia, nemapurisa eZimbabwe (ZRP) nemamwewo masangano anochengetedza runyararo, akaita mushandirapamwe nemauto erunyararo mubasa guru rekudzivirira nyika yedu. Vashandi vehurumende mumapazi anechitsama vakashandawo zvakasimba mukudzivirira rusununguko rwedu. Hurumende nebato reveruzhinji mission headed by Justice Sandura whose function is to carve out constituencies. This Commission makes certain that constituencies have more or less equal numbers of voters. The other commission is The Election Supervisory Commission which is headed by Prof. W.J. Kamba, Vice-Chancellor of the University of Zimbabwe. This commission ensures that the constitutional provisions of the election process are complied with, and reports directly to the State President. It can receive and investigate any complaints from individuals, organisations or political parties. All aspects of the constitution have been complied with. One of the most shameful relics of the colonial era is the over-representation of the whites built into the Lancaster House Constitution. The 35 000 registered white voters on the special role will be able to elect 20 Members of Parliament, when the same number of black voters will elect only one Member. This constitutional racism will be redressed as soon as the constitution permits. BUILDING A NATIONAL ARMY (ZNA) One of the many successes of the ZAN U (PF) government in the last 5 years has been the integration of the three separate armies at the time of independence ZANLA, ZIPRA and the Rhodesian Army - into a single army, the Zimbabwe National Army, under one command. The British Training Unit helped us a great deal in the re-training and integration process. We have also received invaluable assistance from our friends in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. The young but disciplined and loyal army that has been created has maintained law and order and defended the integrity of the nation in difficult times. With this disciplined and loyal army at their service, the people of Zimbabwe have been able to enjoy and consolidate their power. Without the military muscle, the people would not have been able to enjoy basic human rights, and to exercise their newlywon political, social and economic gains. Interaction between the ZNA and the masses has been tremendously improved by making the army a truly people's army. The ZNA is constantly engaged in assisting the masses in popular projects like the construction of schools, clinics, bridges and cleaning up operations in cities - to mention only a few. Indeed the concept of "The Army with Production" has taken root virtually in all brigades of the ZNA. The Air Force of Zimbabwe (AFZ), the People's Militia, the Zimbabwe Republic Police (ZRP), and other security organisations have participated hand- inhand with the army in the vital task of defending people's rights. Public servants in other sectors of government have also zomvikela zibe Iokusebenzelana lebutho emisebenzini eqakathekileyo yokuvikela ilungela likazulu. Izisebenzi zikaHulumende engatsheni ezithile lazo zibe lesandla ekuqiniseni inkululeko yethu. lba. ndla likazulu le ZANU (PF) toHulumende uyancoma kakhulu ukuzinikela o. kungaka kwam'abutho ethu enjogweni yokuvikela iZimbabwe. Ekufezeni amandla wombuso kufanele kube lokumanyana kwemuli yonke yeZimbabwe. Wonke umuntu we Zimbabwe kufanele aqakathekise izi:tso ze Zimbabwe, zibe yizo azifaka phambii. Kufanele basebenze ngamandla ekulondolozeni impahla zikaHulumende. Kufanele bamanyane babenye. Njalo kufanele bazemukele niengamaZimbabwe kungakhathalekile ukuthi omunye uyabe engumuShona, eliNdebele, umVenda, enguMtonga kumbe ekhuluma olunye ulimi. Kufanele semukelane niengabantu bemhulinye yeZimbabwe. Iiizwe lethu kufanela limanyane okuqotho liqiniswe yilumanyano. UMBUZO PHEZUKOMANYANO WESIZWE lbandla likazulu le ZANU(PF) ljonge ukuletha umanyano phezu kwakho konke. Yikho nie kwabunjwa uHulumende womanyano ngemva kwenkululeko. Isinqumo sokuxolelana esisilandelayo sijonge ekuletheni umanyano phakathi kwabansundu labamhlophe kungakhathalekile ngomhlobo, umbala womuntu tokholo lwakhe. Ibandla lenengi lisola ngokugcweleyo labo abamabandla ombuso welizwe abalenjongo yokudazulula immuli ye Zimbabwe ngezigaba abadabuka kuzo kumbe ngemihlobo yabo. AmaNyika, AmaNdebele, aMakaranga, amaZezuru, aMakorekore bonke ngabantu banye. Ekwakheni isizwe sinye iZANU (PF) iyakunanzelela ukuwelelana kwamasiko ethu, indimi zethu kanye tokuwelelana esingaba lakho kunhlalo yethu yomdabu. Ingqubelaphambili esesithe sayenza enhlalweni yethu isidanise kakhulu ixuku elithize elingaziyo lapho eliyakhona kwezombuso welizwe lethu kanye IoHulumende wamabhunu we South Africa. Okukhathesi toHulumende usebenzisa okungamaxukwana kwezikliwi ekuphazamiseni inhlalakahle yelizwe lethu. Ngendlela efanayo usebenzisa abahlamuki be MNR ekuphazamiseni inhialakahle ye Mozambique kanye labahlamuki be UNITA ekuphambaniseni ingqubelapha-. mbili ye Angola. Kwele Lesotho usebenzisa abahlamuki be Lesotho Liberation A rny. Bonke abahlamuki abasetshenziswa ngeleSouth Africa babe libutho leZIPRA, njalo belandela uJoshua Nkomo. Abahlamuki laba baqoqwa kanye lokuphathiswa yi ZAPU ekuqhubeni inisebenzi emibi yobugebengu, yokudwengula, ukweba, ukutshaya kubi kanye tokubulala imuli ye Zimbabwe engelacala. lhandla likazulu le ZANU

News Vol16 N. 5MavlJune 1985 z umbidza zvikuru basa guru ririkunemapazi ese arikudzivirira nyika yeMhuri yese yeZimbabwe inofanira kuijinangwa zveZimbabwe pamberi. Vanvese vanofanira kushanda zvakasimamukudzivirira zvinhu zvehurumen Tese tinofanira kubatana tova chi,iu chimwe, vanhu vamwe. Tese tiri mhuri imwe, zvisinei kuti munhu anenge ari muShona, muNdebele, muVenda, muTonga kana rumwe rudzi. Tinofanira kubatana semhuri imwe yenyika imwe. Kubatana ndiko kunotipa simba rekuti tibudifire muzvinangwa zvedu zvese zvekusimudzira nyika yedu. MUBVUNZO WEKUBATANA KWENYIKA Bato reveruzhinji reZANU (PF) rinechinangwa chekubatanidza vanhu vese veZimbabwe. Saka rakatambira chinangwa chekuumba Hurumende yemapato mazhinji mushure mekusununguka kwenyika yedu. Chisungo chekuregererana chine vavariro yekubatanidza vachena nevatema vange vakapatsanurwa neruvengo nekusarurana, pamwe nekubatanidza vatema vese zvisinei nerudzi rwavo kana dunhu ravanobva. Chinangwa chedu ndechekuumba Zimbabwe imwe isina rusarurarudzi, tsika, kana chitenderi chemunhu. Mamwe mapato anoda kupandanisa mhuri yeZimbabwe nemarudzi, anoshorwa zvikuru nomusangano weveruzhinji. Mukuumbwa kwenyika imwe isina rusarura, bato revanhu reZANU (PF) rinozviziva kuti panekufambirana kwetsika dzedu, mitauro pamwe nemagariro edu tese. Saka zvakakosha kuti tibatane. Budiriro yatakaita mukubatana mumakore apfuura zvaunza ruvengo mutumapato twezvematongerwo enyika tusina gwara pamwe nekuHurumende yemabhunu yeSouth Africa inevavariro yekunyonganisa magariro akanaka eZimbabwe. Hurumende yemabhunu iyi parizvino irikushandisa zvikwata zvenhunzvatunzva zvevapanduki veMNR zvekukanganisa rusununguko rweMozambique; vapanduki veUNITA varikushandiswa nemabhunu kuunza kusagadzikania muAngola, muLesotho arikushandisa mhondi dze Lesotho Liberation Army. MuZimbabwe mabhunu aya arikushandisa mbwende dzakatiza mumauto everuzhinji eZNA, nenhengo dze Super ZAPU. Vapanduki vemuno varikubatsirwa pamwe nekutsigirwa neZAPU mumabasa ehubhinya, kuba pamwe nekuponda mhuri yeZimbabwe isina mhosva. Bato reveruzhinji reZANU (PF) richaenderera mberi richishanda zvakasimba mukudzivirira veruzhinji Pamwe nekuparadza mhondi idzi. Zvirongwa zvehurumende yenauhunu zvekuedza kuparadza nyika yedu zviripachena: Chokutanga inotora kukunda kwakaita ZANU (PF) musarudzo yomuna 1980 sekukudwa kukuru, sezvo mauto ayo akaita mabasa akaipa zvikuru ekupanda zvizvarwa zvemuno pamwe neku- Without the military muscle the people would not have been able to exercise their newly won political, social and economic gains. played a vital role in ensuring that the gains which the people made at independence were not lost. The Party and government commend all these forces for their dedicated service to the people of Zimbabwe. In exercising power, it is necessary to have a high level of national consciousness, national discipline and cultural unity. Zimbabweans must put Zimbabwean interests first. They must work hard and look after national assets and government property. They must be consciously united as a people. Shonas, Ndebeles, Vendas, Tongas and others are all Zimbabweans who must treat themselves and others as such at all times. Our nation must strive for maximum unity because in unity there is strength. THE NATIONAL QUESTION AND NATIONAL UNITY The Party seeks national unity above everything else, hence the formation of a national coalition government after independence. The reconciliation policy which we are pursuing is intended to unite blacks and whites, after decades of racial hatred and discrimination, and all blacks, irrespective of race, tribe or region. Our policy is to build one Zimbabwe without reference to the colour, the culture or the religion of a citizen. Political elements seeking regional or tribal domination of others stand condemned by the Party. Manyikas, Ndebeles, Makaranga, MaZezuru and Makorekore are all one people. In building one nation ZANU (PF) respects the culture, language and social characteristics of each and every distinct ethnic group. The success which we have had in forging national unity has frustrated the designs of a very small, politically misdirected section of our population and (PF) lizaqhubekela phambili lisebenza ngamandla ekuvikeleni uzulu lekutshabalafiseni laba bahlamuki. Izizatho zikaHulumende wamabhunu we South Africa zokuphazamisa ukuzinza kwelizwe lethu zisobala. Okwakuqala, wamukela ukunqoba kweZANU (PF) njengokwehlulwa okukhulu elizweni lapho amabutho akhe abulala inengi elalimsulwa; kanye lekubhidlizeni inotho yethu; okwesibili, udaniswa yikubona impumelelo yokusebenzelana phakathi kwabansundu labamhlophe, okokucina, ufuna ukuthi siqhubekele phambili siyizichaka zakhe kwezenotho, seyame kuye ngazo zonke izikhathi. Inhianganiso ze SADCC le PTA ezihilose ekuletheni ukusebenzelana emisebenzini yengqubelaphambili emazweni angeningizimu langempumalanga yezwekazi leAfrica zizondwa kakubi nguHulumende wamabhunu. Njalo uyazama ukwethula imigoqo yokuzengqabela ekuphumeleleni. Yonke limizamo yamabhunu izakufa. UHulumende weSouth Africa labahlamuki bakhe bazanqotshwa. UMBUSO WOKUSUTHISWA K WEZIFISO ZIKAZUL U Ukuzimisela kwebandla likazulu le ZANU (PF) ekulandeleni umbuso wokusuthiswa kwezifiso zikazulu kugxile ezinqumeni zemfundiso ye Marxism le Leninism. Lumbuso woltusuthiswa kwezifiso zikazulu ulezigaba ezinengi. Isigaba sinye ngasinye kufanele sihambelane lembali lamasiko, esizwe. Emasikweni ethu sasibe lama/ima okusebenzelana emasimini kumbe ekuviUnweni kwamabele leminye imisebenzi ethile yokusebenzelana. lbandla le ZANU(PF) lifuna ukuthi inotho ye/izwe yabelwe ngokulingana kanye lezeinvelo yeZimbabwe, uzulu aphiwe iholo elihambelana lokuqhuba kwakhe imisebenzi uHulumende lebandla News Vo1.16 No. 5 MavlJuna 1QBfi

Vol.16 No. 5 Mav/June 1985 paradza hupfumi hwenyika yedu. Chechipiri: Mabhunu anotya kuti tichabudirira kuunza mushandira pamwe mumabasa ekusimudzira nyika yedu pakati pavatema nevachena. Chokupedzisira: Hurumende yemabhunu iyi irikuda kuti nyika yedu iyenderere mberi yakazendarna kwairi mune zvehupfumi. Hurumende yemabhunu yemuSouth Africa irikushanda zvakasimba mukuedza kukanganisa masangano anoti reSADCC nerePTA, emushandirapamwe mumabasa ebudiriro pakati penyika dzekuchamhembe kweAfrica nekumabvazuva kweAfrica. Zvino hurumende yemabhunu yemuSouth Africa ichakundwa chete nokuti haingakundi zvido zveveruzhinji. GWARA REGUTSA RUZHINJI Bato reveruzhinji reZANU (PF) richazadzisa hutongi hwegwara regutsa ruzhinji richitevedza dzidziso yaMarx na Lenin. Kana zvazvo gwara iri riine zvikamu zvakasiyana, zvese zvinofanira kuzadziswa zvichifambirana netsika pamwe nemagariro evanhu. MuZimbabwe takagara tichingotevedza gwara iri mumishandirapamwe yataiita yakaita seye"nhimbe" ne"majangano" mumabasa edu ese ekurima nemamwewo. Bato revanhu reZANU (PF) ririkuda kuona kugoverwa kwakaenzanirana kwehupfumi hwenyika yedu pamwe nezviwanikwa zvayo; marl inotambiriswa vashandi ifambirane nekuitwa kwemabasa; Hurumende nebato reveruzhinji zvive nechokuita mumabasa makuru ehupfumi hwenyika; pamwe nokuti munhu wese avenekodzero yakaenzananirana mumabasa ese nemunzvimbo dzekusimudzira hutanho, dzidzo nezvimwewo. Tinoda kuona kubudirira kwegwara regutsa ruzhinji mukati memakore mashanu arikutevera; kusimudzirwa kwezvirongwa kweminda mirefu; panwe nematanho ekudzivirira makambani makuru kuti asaenderere mberi achipamba hupfumi hwedu zvikuru mumabasa ezvemigodhii nekugadzirwa kwezvinhu. Tichine mhandu dzakati kuti dzinorwisana negwara ratakasarudza regutsa ruzhinji muZimbabwe. Dzimwe mhandu idzi dzekunze kwenyika masangano anoti: reIMF inove homwe yemari yenyika dzepasi rese nebhangi renyika dzepasi rese, World Bank. Masangano aya anowanzo batsira nyika paihe zvisungo zvekuda kuparadza gwara regutsa ruzhinji. MuZimbabwe tichiine vamwe vanhu varikuda kuzviwunganidzira pfuma sezvaiita mabhunu akange akapamba nyika yedu. Bumbiro rehutungamiri rakagamuchirwa nemusangano mugore rakapera mukuzvidzivirira kuti vatungamiriri vemusangano weZANU (PF) vasazviwunganidzira hupfumi hwakawandisa. Takohomedza kakawanda mugwaronhau rino kukosha kwekusimudzira mabasa ebudiriro, kuchengetedzwa kwerunyararo nekugadzikana kwenyika. Tara- racist South Africa which prayed for chaos in independent Zimbabwe. Racist South Africa is now using this small disaffected fringe to destabilise our country in the same manner that it is using the MNR in Mozambique, UNITA in Angola and the so-called Lesotho Liberation Army in Lesotho. Many of the dissidents being used by South Africa are deserters from the ZNA and members of Super- ZAPU. The dissidents are organised and assisted by ZAPU to commit heinous crimes against innocent Zimbabweans such as rape, robbery, maiming and killing. The people's ZANU (PF) will spare no efforts to defend the people and to eliminate the dissidents. South Africa's reasons in attempting to destabilise us are clear; first, it considers ZANU (PF)'s triumph in 1980 as having been a major defeat for itself in a country where it had committed a great deal politically, militarily and economically; second it is terrified of our success in promoting black-white co-operation; and, finally, it wants us to remain dependent on it economically. Organisations such as SADCC and PTA, which are meant to promote interAfrican co-operation and trade in this region outside the South Africa orbit, are also being subjected to a great deal of pressure from South Africa. All these efforts will not succeed; South Africa and her dissidents will be defeated. SOCIALISM ZANU (PF)'s commitment to socialism is based on the principles of MarxismLeninism. Socialism has many varieties and forms; each must be related to people's history, culture and tradition in the context in which it is practised. In our culture we have had traits of socialist practices - for example. "nhimbe", "majangano" communal use of land, and so on. ZANU (PF) wants to see a fair distribution of wealth and natural resources in Zimbabwe; a fair wage based on good production; control of the major means of production by government and Party; and equal opportunity and access to all social services such as education, health and others. We want to see a greater thrust in a socialist direction in the next 5 years. Barring national hazards such as droughts, we must have accelerated resettlement; and there should be more control of the multinationals in the areas of mining and manufacturing. Our socialist aspirations face a number of challenges from persons and institutions opposed to this ideology outside Zimbabwe. Foremost of the external institutions are the IMF and World Bank which give money on stringent conditions - conditions meant to defeat socialism. Within Zimbabwe we have many people who want to walk in the shoes of col- abe lesandla emisebenzini eqakatkel yokwenziwa kwemisebenzi, wonkeu ntu abe lethuba elifanayo enhie/weni qakaihekileyo ezigoqela ezemfun ezempilakahle lezinye. Phakathi kweminyaka emihlanu ndelayo sifuna ukubona ingqubela p mbili ebalulekileyo ekugcwais% kwombuso wokusuthiswa kwezifiso z zulu, kunqotshwe inhiupho ezibange yikungani kwezulu, kuthuthukiswe uh lokuhlaliswa kutsha kukazulu, kanyi kwenqabeleni amankampani amak awezenjiwayo lalungisa impahla eku4 bekeni phambili ehuquluza inotho liz we. Isifiso sethu sokugcwaisa umb wokulingana kukazulu ukhangelene tha ezilwisana lawo phandle kwe Zia bwe. Inhianganiso yesikhwama sama omhlaba ye IMF lebhanga lamazw mhlaba, zikweledisa amazwe omhl kulezimiso ezithile okufanele zemukf kodwake zilenjongo yokuphazamisa, tho yelizwe. EZimbabwe silabanye ntu abafuna ukuhuquluza inotho ngeyabo bodwa njengamabhunu aye ndezele. Isisekelo sobukhokheli esemi Iwa libandla likazulu le ZANU(PF) i kenye siqakathekile ekwenqabeleni khokheli be ZANU (PF) ekuzibutheh inotho. Zigcizelele kanenginengi kulolug diana ngokuqakatheka kokuthuthu inhielo zengqubelaphambili, ukuloi loza ukuthula lenhlalakahle yelizwe le Ngasikhathi sinye sikubeke sobala uA misela kukaHulumende wamabhun South Africa labahlarhuki, lokufuna bhidliza amazwe ethu. Njengoba sh ngelane laloludaba kuqakathekile uk sicabangisise ekwenzeni amalungisi amatsha ezombuso welizwe azakt kube nzima ukuthi izitha zelizwe zio lule zilethe inxabano lokungezwanij kathi kwethu, ziphazamise lesifisos sokugcwaliswa kwezifiso zikazulu. K bala ukuthi umbuso wamabandla am ngi esilawo ngalesi sikhathi ukhuti izitha ekuletheni ukwehlukana phaA kwethu njengoba lawo mabandla aza, h/ulwa okhethweni olukhulu, ezapi sana lenhielo zebandla likazulu leZi (PF) ehlose ekuphikiseni okungak, Umbusowebandla linye yiwo kup ongaqeda inhiupho zokungahlalisek nye lemisebenzi emibi ekhuthazwa mbuso wamabandla amanengi. Umbuso munye esfijsa ukuwub" e/izweni lethu kwelizayo, ngozaki ithuba elipheleleyo kuzulu filele thini azilungiselele ingakusasayakh letheni ingqubelaphainbili lentuth sizwe sonke seZimbabwe. I 2C oN /,wx/ Vnl In Mnin njodzi iripo yemhandu dzirikuda nganisa budiriro yenyika yedu, neisa chumhondi arikukurudzirwa nemende yemabhunu yeSouth Africa. imende yemabhunu yeSouth Africa iinangwa chekuparadza nyika yedu. tinofanira kugara takangwarira idu idzi dzinoda kuunza kupondana ati medu pamwe nekuparadza zvinaa zvedu zvegutsa ruzhinji. Zvitevea zvekuva nemapato mazhinji munyidizvo zvinodyara mhodzi dzehupaci. Hutongi hwebato rimwe ndihwo huchagona kuparadza mabasa ese nharadzi. utongi hwebato rimwe munyika ino -vavariro yekuunza budiriro yemuwese. Uye tese tichazvishandira regwana redu rinebudiro yekusimudziyika yedu yakasununguka yeZimba- 21 onialists and grab all wealth for themselves as individuals. The leadership code which the Party adopted last year is a timely instrument to prevent the possibility of accumulation of wealth by leaders of ZANU (PF) We have stressed throughout this paper the importance of development, preserving peace, security and stability. At the same time we have pointed out the dangers of destabilisation which we face from our South African neighbours and certain elements within our borders. South Africa is ready at the slightest excuse to threaten our very existence as a nation. Faced with this situation it is imperative that we should think seriously of new political arrangements which would make it difficult for external enemies to drive wedges between us, and retard our socialist objectives. There is no doubt that the multi-party system which we have at present encourages subversion and division as parties who fail at the polls oppose programmes by the Party in power purely for the sake of showing that they are still in business. A one-party State would eliminate the problems of instabiity and subversion which are encouraged by the present multi-party system. The one-party State which we want to see in this country in the future is meant to provide an opportunity for the masses to set free their will and energies and enable them to control their destiny in order to achieve progress and prosperity in the interest of the society as a whole. lei"rOWS Vol1r N-1; z... %A 1 1 4 r W wl h= 4Q

22 Vol.16 No. 5 MaylJune 1985 ZiMn President Addresses Natic On Independence Anniven Following is the full text of the speech given by His Excellency the President, Rev. the Hon. Canaan Banana, to mark Zimbabwe's Fifth Anniversary of Independence, on April 18.: Comrades and Friends, we gather here today with extreme pride, overflowing joy and overwhelming ecstasy of delight as we meet to celebrate yet another birthday. Today is a very special occasion, Zimbabwe is five years old. What momentous and eventful years these have been. Various malevolent mischief makers, hired detractors and several prophets of doom never gave this young nation any chance of success. How completely and utterly off the mark they have been! We Zimbabweans are renowned for proving everyone wrong when it comes to our survival and progress as a nation. Problems there have been but which nation on this earth has no problems? Following his Party's massive electoral victory in our first elections for independence in 1980, our Prime Minister, Cde. Robert Mugabe enunciated a policy of reconciliation. Despite subversion by certain elements of our community, reconciliation still remains Government policy. Our policy of reconciliation is unique in the history of the emergent nations. Indeed, it is the miracle of our time that we remain firmly committed to peace, friendship and brotherhood among Zimbabweans of all races, all political shades, in spite of the lack of reciprocity from qome of those groups. We remain convinced that the greatest majority of our people - both black and white desire peace, and have eagerly espoused the policy of reconciliation. My Government will approach the forthcoming general elections in the same spirit that it has displayed over the past five years. This Government is a firm believer in the rule of law - and will continue to uphold the latter and spirit of the constitution. Government has made it clear that there are certain aspects of the Lancaster House Constitution that it would like to change but it has also demonstrated that it will bring about these changes in a constitutional and legal manner. Jew In its short history, Zimbabwe has become renowned in its respect for the law and the legal institutions. It is for this reason that our elections will be conducted in a free and fair manner, in accordance with the provisions of the constitution. Indeed, this is a clear example of our acknowledgement of and commitment to the democratic principles that have always characterised all our actions over the past five years. The Registrar-General's Department has completed the registration of voters in preparation for the forthcoming general election, and approximately three million voters were registered. I would, therefore, like to take this opportunity to appeal to all the political parties wishing to contest the coming elections to do so in peace; to observe the laws of this land during their electioneering and campaigns around the country. People must be allowed to exercise their democratic rights without fear of intimidation from any quarter. We were unfortunate in that, no soont had we achieved our independence the we were afflicted by severe drought an world recession. The combined effects ( these two seriously hampered ou development plans. Nonetheless, rn Government was able to score coi siderable gains for the betterment of tl lives of our people. A minimum wage was introduced, an later improved upon, for the industri workers, domestic employees and tho! on the commercial farms. We firm' believe in the paramountcy of the worke and we will continue to do our best, ci cumstances permitting, to improve his lo Another far-reaching measure introds ed by the people's Government was frn universal primary education. Today, r child in Zimbabwe can be denied primal education through proverty, or inabid to pay on the part of his parents. Heal care is now also available to all, ThereJ in fact, free medical care for all those e ning less than $150 per month. we News VOIlA No ~ L4~,,l1I~n~ 1OA~ Further programmes for the improveient of the quality of life for the Zimabwean masses will unfold as GovernLent's projected plans come to fruition. o far, we have achieved far more for our cople, in a short time, than the colonial egimes did in nearly a century of their legal occupation of our country. The problems that we have faced and vercome in our first five years of naonhood would have brought to their nees nations built on shifting sands. imbabweans are made of sterner stuff. Ie have been tried and tested from all 1gles, by both natural and man-made afictions. Yet at the end of the day we ave come out on top, triumphant and ndeterred in our resolve to press on and arch forward towards our clearly enunated national goals and objectives. In,ed, we have scored numerous successes ier the past five years against so many Ids. Zimbabwe seems to have achieved lulthood in a record time of five years. Amidst our joy, however, it is with the eatest of regrets that the Government id people of Zimbabwe recently learnt .the dastardly murder of the six foreign urists, who were killed by bandits, ortly after their abduction in July, 82. The callous murders of innocent ivellers, who were not in any way inlived in our internal affairs, has saddena1 decent and peace-loving Zimbabtans, and whilst there is no way to un- do what has been done, it is satisfying to know that many of those responsible have been brought to justice or have paid the ultimate penalty at the hands of our Security Forces. Our sincere and heartfelt symphathies go out to these families who have been bereaved by this tragedy. The continuing violence in Matabeleland Province, and parts of the Midlands Province, has again adversely affected the overall security situation in our otherwise peaceful country. However, no amount of intimidation, murder or rape will force a freely and popularly elected Government to throw in a towel and abrogate its sacred responsibilities. Government has a sacred mandate to uphold law and order, to maintain peace and to preserve Zimbabwe's territorial integrity. Our Security Forces will meet the dissidents' force with greater and more decisive force. No amount of noise from whatever quarter will stop this Government from doing what it considers to be in the national interest of Zimbabwe, and serves to protect the majority of our peace-loving populace. Any attempts to interfere with the democratic process during our forthcoming elections will not be tolerated. My Government is alive to such a possibility, and will be taking every precaution to ensure that our elections are conducted in a free and fair atmosphere, The huge white "thing" measuring approximately 36 metres high 32 metres in diameter and a mass weight of 243 torts now magestically looming from the Mazowe Valley along the HararelBindura road is the Antenna of Zimbabwe's Earth Satellite Tracking Station and amidst conditions of peace and tranquility. Our foreign policy continues to reflect our deep commitment, as a people and as a nation, to principles of genuine nonalignment and our belief in the principles of freedom, justice and equality for all. We continue to be concerned about the deteriorating situation with Southern Africa which we regard as a major and indeed increasing threat to international peace and security. The past year has seen Zimbabwe, together with its Front Line partners, play an increasingly active role in mobilising international opposition to, and condemnation of, the evil of apartheid itself, we have confirmed to mount opposition to South Africa's illegal occupation of Namibia and to the insidious campaign of subversion and destabilisation being waged by the Pretoria regime against all the states of Southern Africa. In spite of our pacific intentions, there has been little change in our relations with the Republic of South Africa, who are still bent on destablising Zimbabwe through their clandestine support for banditry and the beaming of subversive propaganda broadcasts, which are aimed at dividing the nation through the medium of the so-called "RADIO TRUTH". If the apostles of "constructive engagement" were to share a common border with apartheid, they would soon rudely wake up to the naked truth that the 23 we News Vol 16 No 5 Ma 11- 1 1

2 .4 regime is imprevious to reason and sanity. The whole world stands shocked at the brutal murder of unarmed civilians during the recent peaceful demonstrations held to commemorate the Sharpeville massacre. Little did those innocent victims of apartheid realise that another bloody episode, a true replica of Sharpeville, would be re-enacted. Every previous act of beastiality and brutality' pales into insignificance as the Botha regime strives to excel and outdo itself incrimes against innocent humanity. It is not a tragedy of our time to see the rest of the so-called free and civilised world wash their hands and feebly condemn South Africa, whom what is need.ed is concrete, punitive action against the racists? We live in horrifying times, and contiguous to an evil regime that has no respect for human life and the rule of law. The Western world, by association, shares to a great measure the brutality that South Africa unleashes against the poor defenceless millions of its inhabitants. Without the unstinting support of the apologists for apartheid, South Africa would not dare do what she is doing with such incredible impurity. The signing of the Nkomati Accord between our Mozambique friends and the Republic of South Africa last year has, regretably, not brought the peace and stability to Mozambique that was hoped for. The Renamo Bandits are still opposing the lawful Government of Mozambique and the indications are that, far from curbing their activities, there has in fact been an increase in violence in that country. As a consequence of this unsettled situation, the presence of hostile elements along our eastern border has, from time to time manifested itself in acts of banditry, such as stock theft and common robbery. A more disturbing feature of Renamo banditry has been the continuing influx of displaced Mozambican nationals, who have fled into Zimbabwe to avoid being caught up in the conflict that has disrupted their normal agricultural and other pursuits. It has been necessary to establish displaced centres in certain areas in order to house and care for the physical and medical needs of these unfortunate comrades, in conjuction with the United Nations High Commission for Refugees and other international aid organisations, to whom we extend our thanks. Despite all these trials and tribulations, the nation of Zimbabwe has continued to play an important role in international affairs. The role we have played within SADCC and the PTA, and the successes we have achieved in our collective attempts not only to promote-intra-regional trade and development but also to lessen our individual and collective dependence upon South Africa and the South African economy, have been significant and represent a most encouraging promise for the viability of the economies of the countries of the sub-region. We have continued to follow a principled and constistent stand on world issues and are convinced that the realisation of peace, political justice and economic equity in all parts of the world is a critical necessity. Comrades and Friends, this nation's achievements over the past five years can only be described as miraculous. pared to their 8 per cent contrib 1980, a wet year. The deliveries i are even expected to break I records. The SADCC Admin Unit responsible for co-ordina food security projects for regions $14 million into the country frort to implement the projects. The process of land redistributii farming, co-operative developm land surveying have continued to i Providence has at last smiled upon us and released a bounty upon ou The state of our agricultural industry is basically sound notwithstanding the effects of the three years of drought, with widespread, rains we have had this season, we look forward to another bumper harvest. The effective control of animal diseases, is a prerequisite for the development of adequate beef and can guarantee a sufficient supply of dairy products. Strict measures taken to control the spread of the tsetse-fly have improved the livestock numbers in the low-veld, and dipping service facilities have been greatly improved. Through the aid of friendly countries, we have built animal management and health centres which should be commissioned in 18 months to two years. Our beef exports to a number of countries have increased; and new markets continue to be sought. Dairy production, which was below demand, has increased dramatically, attempts continue to be made to export to neighbouring countries. Despite the three years of severe drought, there has been an increase in crop production in communal areas. The communal farmers delivered about 40 per cent of the maize crop in 1984, a drought year. That was a remarkable feat, com- steadily. In the area of resettleni families were resettled during bringing the total so far settledi to 31 071 at a total cost of a million. As part of the overall the provision of the infrastructi resettlement areas in a number and clinics have been provided 1 propriate ministries. Resettlemei received training in various fi despite the drought, some res areas recorded very high yields cotton and tobacco. In the area of co-operative ment the picture continues I couraging. During the year th of both primary and tertiary coincreased considerably. This ii membership, accompanied by co-operative training and exte also led to improved productio ly by agricultural collectives, an ed services for input sul marketing by co-operative un A new computer-assisted system has been installed to fac: surveying. A major welcome ment in terms of easing the chr tage of technical staff in th %III&N-5 Ma/Junel 5 tf we NeWS Vol.16 Non vyis the establishment of a land v degree course at the University of nbwe. e state farm parastatal, Agricultural ural Development Authority (ARcontinued to expand its activities, in process increasing its fixed capital es from $31 million to $54 million. w operations at Rusitu, Kezi and hvane were started during the year. L also started a joint venture comfr large-scale dairy production at th the Commonwealth DevelopCrporation. ARDA has now firmlished itself as one of the leading A s of a wide variety of agricultural 3 , including vegetables, tea, cofwat, cotton, milk and beef. ARalso established provincial planits for the planning of rural v ent in communal areas. A as rural afforestation is concernm overnment saw a significant in'tree planting, especially in the m al areas. State plantation areas eased by some six thousands hecper cent of which was planted field of tourism my Government a to establish the Zimbabwe Development Corporation which s ged with the task of being the coorand investment arm of GovernIthis regardthe corporation now eA Zambezi River Lodge in Vicia Falls and Ambassador Hotel in .rare. During the course of the current lendar year my Government will be 'mmissioning the opening of the Hotel id conference centre in Harare - a iolly Government owned complex. The ar 1984 saw the easing of the world cession resulting in a slight upsurge in urist arrivals - a welcome sign which ould further increase our capacity to rn more foreign currency. The construction of al-weather roads to the communal lands is a continuing exercise. My Government has made efforts to transform our society in rural areas. Following the Prime Minister's directive, the Provincial Councils and Administration Act was promulgated which repealed the Provincial Authorities Act and at the same time establishing the Office of the Provincial Governor. The new Provincial Councils have now been set up. A Rural District Councils Bill aimed at amalgamating the present rural councils and district councils has been drafted and will be presented to the next session of Parliament. Considerable progress has been made in the provision of primary water supplies and road development in the rural areas. The District Development Fund has completed 264 boreholes, 24 dams, 403 kilometres of road and 94 bridges. The District Development Fund also ploughed 10 903 areas for communal farmers during the last ploughing season. Since the merging of all the transport related elements of the economy into the Ministry of Transport in January 1984, the ministry has now begun to plan an integrated transportation system which brings together air, rail and road transport. On the road sector, work to reach the communal lands with standard allweather roads has continued, albeit slowly, because of lack of funds in the past financial year. The Chinhoyi-Chegutu road, Mashonaland West, should be completed in the next two months, the Dorowa-Mharadzano road in Manicaland, is almost complete, the Glendale-Chiweshe road, Mashonaland Central, is almost complete and the Bulawayo-Legion road, Matabeleland South is complete. Several bridges have been completed in almost all the provinces throughout the country. The electrification programme of the 5 years Independence Anniversary Highlights. The 1st Secretary and President of ZANU (PF) among the many boys and girls who were "Born Free" 1980 25 Ve Aff-v Vol 16 No 5 M-/Jun- 1QAr M=vLh ran, 1QRI; 1 1 4

Zimhahwp Mnw,, 2e Dabuka-Harare rail line is now functioning smoothly. As a result of the electrification and massive investment programme the National Railways of Zimbabwe now has the capacity to cope with forecast traffic and some to spare. Following successful negotiations with the West German Government in 1984 the telecommunications and navigational equipment is now being installed at all the eight major airports of Harare, Bulawayo, Victoria Falls, Kariba, Hwange, Masvingo, Buffalo Range and Mutare. The Registrar of Deeds and Companies, Patents and Trade Marks has joined the Harare Protocol which empowered the Industrial Property Organisation for English Speaking Africa to grant patents and registered industrial designs on behalf of other contracting states here in Zimbabwe. In the Prison Service, the emphasis has been on rehabilitation through various farming and workshop activities supplemented with adult literacy programmes. Our policy is now to re-locate prisons in rural areas with rehabilitation geared to rural pursuits so that prisoners will return to their communal lands with enhanced skills. Government has continued to improve the country's social services and related amenities. Our housing programme has been extended to cover both rural and urban areas. My Government has provided funds to local authorities through the National Housing Fund for the construction of houses for low income groups at affordable prices. Furthermore, self-help schemes and building co-operatives have been launched as modes of house construction. These modes have yielded positive cost saving results, and have thus become very popular. Building Brigades continue to grow and their activities now include the manufacture of all types of building materials, and they cover as many as 27 local authority areas. Efforts to bring both primary and secondary education within the reach of all of our children have continued unabated. Ninety-three percent of our primary school-age population was in school in the past year. In the coming year, greater attention will be paid to the remaining seven per cent who are largely on commercial farms to ensure that they too have access to education like the rest of the children in the country. At secondary level, facilities were provided for all the increasing number of '0' level school leavers, twenty-six additional Sixth Form Schools were opened at the beginning of this year. At teacher education level, the first 518 students graduated from ZINTEC Colleges. Hence-forth an increasing number of ZINTEC Teachers will be graduating every term thus greatly reducing the number of untrained teachers in our education system. As stated recently by the Prime Minister, the urgent need now is to match this quantitative expansion with qualitative output from our schools. Our activities in the primary health care programmes, maternal and child health activities have continued to receive priority. Mothers and children constitute 7 per cent of our population, and are the most vulnerable to diseases and ill-health. The development of health education materials and the institution of supporting studies and researches have continued to improve and expand. We are happy to announce that through these simple preventive measures, we have been able to reduce the infant mortality rate by 50 per cent that is, from 120 deaths per 1 000 live births to 60 deaths per 1 000 live births in just over three years. In the field of occupational health, compensation and safety, compensation benefits payable to workers injured on ihe job or who get occupational diseases in the course of their duties were increased and the Workers' Compensation Act was amended to cover all workers earning up to $16 000 a year. The minimum pension for workers who suffer serious disability as a result of a work-related accident or disease was increased by almost 17 per cent. Government continued its efforts to assist the needy. Public assistance has been provided to the destitute and the victims of the liberation war and financial assistance is now being extended to the widows and dependants of our heroes through the medium of the recently promulgated National Heroes's Dependants Assistance Act, 1984. An important development in the sphere of human resource development was the promulgation in February of this year, of the Manpower Development and Training Act. This new law empowers Government to regulate the activities of private colleges some of which have been charging students exorbitant fees. Students enrolment at vocational and technical institutions which was over 13 000 in 1984 is expected to be much higher this year as a result of the establishment of satellite training centres for each technical college. The training of instructors in technical fields commenced with the recruitment of 79 trainees at the Bulawayo Technical College and the Harare Polytechnic. The major achievement in the field of labour has been the maintanance of industrial peace at most of Zimbabwe's workplaces. The Labour Relations Bill, which seeks to democratise industry and propound the rights of the workers, was approved by Parliament in February. This measure marks a milestone in C'vernment's effort to improve the country's system of industrial relations. The socialist principles espoused by Government have been focused on redressing some of the inequalities within our society. There have been genuine attempts to redress gender inequalities, and the discriminatory practice of remunerating women less than their male counterparts for the same type of work has since been abolished. The Sex Disqualification Act has given the Zimbabwe women the right to participate in all public functions as office holders on an equal basis with men. This has enhanced our women's participation in important. decision-making bodies. These are many other areas which point in the directioa towards the total elimination of disabilities that have stood in the way of women's progress. Our youth have also received prominence in our programmes, and this year, this has been highlighted by t0e declaration of 1985 as the UN designated International Youth Year. The ministry continued to contribute to our manpower needs with the provision of skills training to selected leading members of~the Youth Brigade at the training centres. Cast year 908 Youths completed the two. year courses in agriculture, building, carpentry, home economics and leatherwork, skills with emphasis on rural development and aimed at checking youth rural- urban migration. Despite the drought, training centres managed to produce good.crops particularly maize and cotton and reared significant heads of cattle, and other livestock. Government has continued to support projects that provide opportunities for self-employment for our youth. Furthermore, construction work has started on the National Sports Stadium which is expected to be completed in 1987. The Zimbabwe Youth, Sport and Recreation Councils Act was gazetted and elections for representatives to these councils have already taken place. The National Library and Documentation Service Bill was passed; and during the past year the first of the proposed 55 District Cultural Houses was completed as part of the National Library and Documentation Service. Mobile libraries and book vans were procured for the service. Such progress could not have been possible if law and order had not been strictly enforced, and our territorial integrity preserved. Our defence and security forces have performed remarkable service in the last year, particularly in relation to the scourge of dissidents in the western part of the country. The threat to the integrity of Zimbabwe has been successfully contained. In their task, the regular security forces were assisted by the newly trained People's Militia, whose main function was the guarding of vital points such as bridges. During the period under review our Police Force contributed enormously to the restoration of peace and stability in the western region of our country. Vol. IV 140. ay une a KA I i login Zimbabwe AT- f babwe News Vol.16 No. 5 May/June 1985 27 Genuine attempts towards the total elimination of diabilities that have stood in the way of women's progress. lowever, the strain on manpower permitting, plans are in hand to establish There has been reasonable progress in ught about by the need to contain the external broadcasting services to fight our mining activities. Mineral production irity situation in the affected areas has racist South Africa propaganda. for 1984 was about 546 million dollars litably resulted in the Zimbabwe 001tublic Police being hard pressed to ibat escalating crime elsewhere. ietheless, there were several significant ak-throughs especially with regard to g trafficking and thefts. mportant achievements were scored in telecommunication domain which in. led the addition of 10 000 lines at -are Central Exchange; the completion a new building and radio-telephone to Harare at Chitungwiza Exchange ch will be commissioned in mid-1985; N., conversion of 14 of the 50 rural nual exchanges to automatic working; establishment of a radio-telephone in the Gokwe area; the completion he International Gateway Exchange Gweru; the commissioning of the awayo- Victoria Falls microwave link bling the opening of the PANAFTEL tes into Zambia, Botswana and lawi; the provision of microwave em on the routes from Harare to ,ru, Bulawayo, Mutare, Chinhoyi and iba; the completion of civil works and allation of equipment at the Mazoe "O [h Satellite Station which will be com;ioned in mid-1985; and the developAt of more cable and overhead line netks; as well as telex and data services, feet increasing demands. iformation and broadcasting services , greatly expanded. A new Broading Training Studio and a new Televi . News Studio were built at pockets and the amount of local input on The National Army serves the interest of Zimbabwe and protect the ma. iision increased to 55 per cent Funds jority of our peace loving population

Vol.16 No. 5 MaylJune 1985 Zimbabwe News which is an increase of 16 per cent over the value of mineral production for 1983. The volume increase was about 7 per cent. Government assistance to the mining sector continued unabated throughout 1984. The various technical departments continued to offer their free services to the mining industry. The Zimbabwe Mining Development Corporation, in its short history, has made progress in the exploration of ore deposits which were previously not being exploited. The ZMDC is in the process of developing kyanite deposits and delineating a tungsten deposit in the south of the country. The Government acquired shares in the MTD Group in order to sustain production and the ZMDC is now managing MTD's operations. Coal production from Hwange Colliery for 1984 was 2,8 million tonnes and this figure is expected to double by the time the thermal power station is fully operational. Despite the existing problems of trasportation affecting the coal's competitiveness in overseas markets, Hwange Colliery is increasing its exports of coal to East and Central Africa. In the area of trade a significant development was the signing of Lome III Convention in December, 1984. The benefits of the Convention include freedom of access to EEC markets for many products originating in African, Caribbean and Pacific States. The agrement also includes financial assistance in the form of grants and loans from the European Development Fund and European Investiment Bank. This assistance will cover capital projects, sectoral programmes, technical co-operation programmes and th deployment of resources in support of the efforts of grassroots communities. Another milestone in foreign trade was the launching of the operational phase of the PTA on July 1, 1984 by the Honourable Prime Minister, Cde Robert Mugabe. This launching brought into force the first round of tariff reductions in exports to the PTA region. The past year saw the commencement of operations by the Small Enterprises Development Corporation (SEDCO). The main objectives of the corporation are to encourage and assist in the establishment of co-operatives and commercial or industrial enterprises, to provide management counselling and training as well as financial assistance to these enterprises. The response to the setting up of this corporation from the public has been very encouraging, and if this continues the development of Zimbabwe entrepreneurial skills will be another success story. For the first time, in 1984 Government commenced participation in the management of the Zimbabwe International Trade Fair. The Government now chairs both the management and executive committees of the Fair. The participation of the Government is in line with our declared policy of bringing all major institutions in Zimbabwe under the direct management and control of Zimbabweans. Our initial participation has been very successful and we have now effectively established the Zimbabwe International Trade Fair as a national event. Because of the world recession and the three successive years of drought, a critical shortage of foreign currency inevitable emerged resulting in a sharp decline of out-put from the manufacturing sector. The Government arranged for a World Bank Revolving Fund and Several Commodity Aid Programmes to maintain a continuous supply of raw materials, spare parts and equipment for the manafacturing sector. This exercise helped to maintain existing operations of firms and, to a large extent, shut-downs were avoided. In our steel industry plans are underway for the rehabilitation of a number of ailing plants, diversification of steel production, and the expansion of training facilities. Ziscosteel has been drawn to the centre of efforts aimed at co-operation among the PTA countries in the iron and steel industry since it is the only integrated iron and steel plant in the region. Another effect of our financial constraints was a slowdown in the replacement and expansion of the motor vehicle fleet, the procurement of vital spare parts to service the existing fleet and the modernisation of printing equipment for the Government Printers. Government has successfully implemented its decision to have all purchases by parastatals controlled through the Tender Board. I note with satisfaction that this move has brought in huge savings to Government in particular and the nation in general. A Bill to establish a national unified power supply undertaking, the Zimbabwe Electricity Supply Authority, went through Parliament. The amalgamation process has already begun and as a result the tariffs will be made uniform across the country. Furthermore, National Control Centre, which is a computerised and modern distribution supervisory facility is nearing completion and will be commissioned soon. This is a great stride towards the control of electricity generation, transmission and distribution. Despite the unfortunate events that befell our largest thermal generating plant at Hwange, two units are now fully operational. Four others will be completed by March, 1986 and the total capacity wilt be 920 mega watts. This, together with Kariba power, should make Zimbabwe self-sufficient. The Government's concern of provinding electricity to people in rural areas is of prime importance. To this end a number of growth and district centres are being connected to the national grid system and these will be cores for rural distribution. Research and development is continuing in the areas of biogas, woodstoves and solar energy. In the area of water resources there have been intensified efforts in the provision of water supplies to people, particularly in communal areas whose sources of water had dried up due to the three years of severe drought. An average of 80 boreholes per month were being drilled and, sand abstraction points were also constructed to provide additional sources of water. A number of storage dams, reservoirs and weirs were constructed during the course of 1984. The successful implementation of all of Government's programmes and projects depends on the availability of funds, as well as sound financial planning and administration of our inances. To this end, therefore, over the past twelve months, the Ministry of Finance, Economic Planning and Development established a number of institutions and implemented a number of programmes all of which are intended to facilitate development as well as make Government relatively more efficient. The omstetitepms established are: the Zimbabwe Deyelopment Bank, the Zimbabwe Reinsurance Corporation and the Zimbabwe Development Corporation. The ZDB and ZIMRE are already operational and the ZDC will also be operational in a few months. Early this year Government opened a new Customs and Excise Training Centre. The centre is large, better equipped and better staffed than the old one. It offers technical and management courses as well as train instructors. This should increase the efficiency of the Customs and Excise Department. The Commission of Enquiry into Taxation was sworn in 1984. Its primary task is to recommend to Government ways and means of restructuring and modernising the nation's tax system with a view to making it more equitable and efficient. Some of the Commission's recommendations will be submitted to Government within a few months and the complete report should be ready by the end of the year. Work on the first Five-Year Plan, successor to the Transitional National Development Plan, is in progress and should be completed by the end of the year. The process of plan formulation involves the whole of Government, the masses as well as relevant private sector organisations. The Five-Year Plan will use Provincial and Sectorial plans as building blocks, thus taking into account the aspirations and needs of the masses than did the Transitional National Development Plan. In addition a detailed review of the economy (1980-1984) is underway and should be published sometime in June. This document will be useful to both public and private organisations. Government has intensified training and accounting procedures in order to bring about a more efficient advice system, and to curb financial maladministration. The measures include:

News Vol.16 No. 5 () Legislation passed to effect deterrent mandatory sentences on any public servant convicted of corrupt practices; (ii) A new accounting manual, which is an important tool for in-house training and which re-enforces existing systems of internal check and control was prepared and distributed throughout Government; (iii) In relation to suspense accounts, the amendments were affected to the standing Treasury Instructions, to allow Accounting Officers to deduct directly from payroll, any monies advanced to Officers and not properly accounted for; and (iv) Training of all officers concerned with financial administration has been intensified and will continue to be a priority in our training programmes. I am glad to report that, to a marked (tent Government's efforts have began )bear fruit and with goodwill, integrity id discipline on the part of those contrned, there is no doubt that the situaon will continue to improve. After five successive years of imlementation of the Presidential Direcye, the Public Service has been comletely transformed and non-whites now ccupy every category of the Service inluding technical, professional and senior ianagemnent fields, thus creating the corect racial balance in the service. Women have also made major gains in be Public Service. For example in 1980, 242 or 30.67 per cent of the total of 0 570 established officers, were women. ly 1981, out of a total of 25 861 stablished offices, 11 312 or 43.7 per ent were women. Their representation at he level of Assistant Secretary and above as also increased from less than one per ent in 1980 to nine per cent by 1984. The Public Service Commission has iways been conscious of the need to enure the quality of performance in the 'ublic Service. Through its various trainng centres, it has responded to this need y offering courses in Accounting, Peronnel, Administration, Rural Developient, Agricultural Extension Methods, Legistry Procedures, Community )evelopment, Auditing and Inspection to ame only a few. Since 1980 these cenres have conducted courses for 80 295 ,articipants. The major problem confronting the 'ublic Service is. that it continues to lose rained personnel to other sectors in this ountry. This brain drain has resulted in ome operational difficulties and there ave been cases of indiscipline and maladinistration. On the whole, our Public ervice is still basically healithy. Where ipses have occured, these are being unovered and rooted out by our Public gencies themselves. In my last address to you on this occa- Mavldiina 1lRR sion, I shared with you the problems brought upon us by the crippling threeyear drought spell that had descended upon us. Today, however, we all rejoice in the abundance of rain. Providence has at last smiled upon us, and God has released his bounty upon our land - and we are indeed thankful. Our rivers are overflowing their banks; our dams are spilling over; our veld and fields alike are clothed in luxuriant green. What a lovely and welcome sight! A good rainy reason means a lot of hard work on the part of our farmers, both in the communal and commercial sectors. My Goverrment has never lost sight of its responsibility to maintain and promote a strong, viable agricultural industry as a prerequisite to achieving selfsufficiency in all our basic food requirements. Our land reform policies have been geared to this end. Both our resettlement areas and the commual lands have continued to improve in productivity, while our encouragement and support of the commercial sector and promotion of state farms have continued unabated. I am positive that all our farmers will rise to the challenge and opportunity that these good rains have afforded us. I am equally confident that our industrial and manufacturing sectors will also not be found wanting. The world has been slowly but definitely crawling out of the recent recession. We should be alert and ready to seize the opportunity to get our economy going full blast again. There is great potential for development in Zimbabwe - and our industrial relations are the envy of many nations. The combination of a committed, disciplined work force on the one hand, and vigorous and enterprising entrepreneurs on the other should provide the necessary catalyst for dynamic economic activity. Government on its part will do its best to assist where its intervention will help to improve the situation. Often difficult times teach us useful lessons for the future. The drought in water rationing in our major cities and towns. These hardships clearly brought News V01.16 Not 5 M-]June 1985 29 home to us the need to conserve water. It is my hope that the lessons of good husbandry learnt during these hard times are fully ingrained in us, and that careful conservation of our natural resources has become second nature to us. We should all take leaf from Government's example, which set up a national drought insurance fund, in an attempt to safeguard the nation against the vsgaries of nature in future. We are under r. illusion of the task we have set ourselves, nor do we pretend that we can achieve all our objectives over night. But we have made a beginning a very impressive one at that, considering the problems we have had to face over these past years. A socialist transformation is not a one-day wonder; it is not an event, but an on-going process whose realisation can only be accomplished in measured stages. We have to work for it: each and everyone of us must regard it as his sacred duty or vocation to give of himself selflessly to Zimbabwe. This is our contribution to humanity - present and those yet to be born. In the words of Karl Marx: "When we have chosen the vocation in which we can contribute most to humanity, burdens cannot bend us because they are sacrifices for all. Then we experience no meagre, limited egotistic joy, but our happiness belongs to millions, our deeds live on quitely but eternally effective, and glowing tears of noble men will fall on our ashes". (ed. L. Easton and K. Guddat, p. 39 - New York, 1967) This is the challenge to all Zimbabweans - the sacrificial giving of ourselves to the land so dear to us. We will press on carving out a glorious future for the present generation and for posterity. Long live our hard won independence! Long live our national unity! Long live our joy of the birthday of our independence and many more happy returns! j Voli16 No 5 Mta /JuIne 1 5 MAY DAY -LABOUR DAY PM On Pay Increase The following is the full text of a speech by the Prime Minister, Cde. Robert Mugabe, to mark Labour Day at Rufaro Stadium: I wish to join the ZCTU and its sister unions in welcoming you to this event to ( commemorate May Day 1985. 1 am most I I I pleased to be with you on this historic day. I My Party, ZANU (PF) which has I I.. rights of the worker since its inception, , stoutly fought to promote and defend the is here in full force to observe this great day. I say the Party is here in full force because you are here and because ZANU (PF) and the people are one! Thus May ', Day is our day together. On this day we honour the worker; we reflect on the role of the worker in the economic life of our country and we turn our attention to the workers' continuing struggles for justice and a better life both here in our country and in the world generally. What I have said regarding my Party's high regard for the worker and the workers' struggles is a matter of record. I have on previous occasions laid great emphasis on our view that the worker is the key to the entire production process as without him no production could take place, including the production of means of production themselves. I have previously stressed the important point that human labour is the creator of wealth: for far from being something that occurs freely in nature, wealth, in form of usable and useful commodities, is created when human labour is rationally applied towards that transformation of nature that yields such commodities. Precisely because he occupies such a vital and essential position in the process whereby we create the means of life, the worker must, in turn, be provided with the means to sustain his own life at a comfortable and adequate level of security consistent with a system in which the exploitation of man by man has been 1 eleminate. The system, in our view, is the socialist system for it aims at assuring the material, spiritual and cultural advancement of the worker and the removal of all impediments to his attainment, collectively, of a more abundant and humane The 1st Secretary and persident of ZANU (PF) assured workers social order. Party's presistance to the advancement of the status of worken rl Jr( VOI.1R Nn Mavl.hmA lgR5

AT...... wc lVy'w. Vol.16 No. 5 Mav/June 1985 31 uuant to the above, my Party and ernment have, since independence !n a variety of measures aimed at adzing the status and material ciristances of the worker in Zimbabwe. 980 we passed minimum wage legislaiand proceeded each year thereafter, aise the level of the minimum directr by way of wage awards to compenfor subsidy reductions on basic conner goods or for the general rise in the t of living. We passed legislation to ke it more difficult for employers to or dismiss workers and thus put an to labour relations practises in this a which were often arbitrary and ricious. Ve have also established, or encourag:he establishment of, institutions that old operate in such a way that as they ,mpion the cause of the worker they assist in the general development of r people and country. ;oncerning the growth of institutions ich represent workers' interests, my vernment has encouraged the formaof workers' committees at the work ce. As channels of communication at erprise level, workers' committees ,e done a sterling job in building up ;t and confidence between manageit and workers. We have also enraged the strengthening of the labour vement and the development of a ted national centre of trade unions Ier the auspices of the Zimbabwe Conis of Trade Unions (ZCTU). Furtherre, we have advocated the formation one trade union in one industry or ler- taking becuase the multiplicity of mns results in the fragmentation of the ur- movement. . me add here that the central objecof the labour movement should be to tect the interests of workers and protheir full participation in national lsent. It is, therefore, essential Iwrers and their unions forge a ftefnt, for in unity lies their n I is unfortunate that the Zimme Congress of Trade Unions as been driven by contradicgfrom maladministration and 7pionin recent years. The congress !tto the workers and the nation to dtr house in order and set down to business as a democratic instituf the working class. binlly, in regard to legislation, you are tware that Government has piloted in liament a new Labour Relations Bill -h will replace the Industrial ConciliaAct. The bill, on becoming law, will the legal instrument with which ,enment will change the nature of our istrial relations by advancing and prong the interests of workers in line with socialist objectives. It recognizes the cal importance of the worker as the Jucer of wealth and accords him ter protection than before. This has ndone by specifying the fundamen- Production levels have been increased; our export market has expanded, and we witnessed a gradual growth in employment tal rights of workers and laying the minimum conditions of employment. To discriminate against workers on the basis of race, colour, sex, tribe, creed or political opinion will be a violation of a worker's fundamental rights and a punishable offence under the new bill. Maternity leave will be paid up to 75 per cent of the normal pay which our female workers are entitled to. Female workers will be allowed time to breastfeed their babies during working hours. These measures show our recognition of the tremendous contributions which all our workers, including female workers, make to our society. It is also our hope that the provisions of the bill regarding trade unions will lead to a stronger and more viable labour movement. Access by trade unions to work- places have been guaranteed where such access is to advise workers on their rights and where it does not disrupt the efficient running of the enterprise. The check-off system for trade unions will also make them more viable financially. These are only few of the highlights of the Labour Relations Bill, and it is imperative that the worker, through his representative organs, should take advantage of the progressive measures and responsibilities which the new law will bestow upon him. Despite ill-informed and tendentious criticism of the Bill by some, including certain foreign self-styled revolutionaries, we have no doubt that workers will benefit from it. The contents of the bill will be simplified to enable the workers to understand it better. Let me now commend the workers for the tremendous sacrifices which they made during the past three years of drought and economic recession. Many of you suffered from retrenchments, closure of enterprises and short-time working. From statistics for the mining, agricultural and clothing industries, 1984 saw 4 388 employees retrenched; 23 393 workers who were placed on short-time working and 3 531 employees who were placed on rotational unpaid leave. For those who were left in employment the gap between wages and prices was ever widening with prices rising faster than wages. In spite of all this, you heeded the call by Government to work hard and keep productivity up. The products on exhibit here at Rufaro today are testimony of what you are capable of producing with your own hands. Indeed, in recent years, we have witnessed an increased local content in manufactured goods and this has led to significant savings in foreign exchange. This is the spirit of innovation in workers and management which we find highly commendable. I am glad and indeed proud that the seed of sacrifice which you planted during the past three years of hardship is beginning to bear fruit. We have been experiencing an economic upturn since the last quarter of last year. Production levels have been increasing; our export markets have expanded, and we have witnessed a gradual growth in employment. Some industries are beginning to re-hire labour and my Government is optimistic that there will be a sustained upturn in the national economy in 1985. On top of this, we have had very good rains this season and we are looking forward to a bumper harvest. These positive signs on the economic scene should not, however, lull us into complacency. Our difficulties are by no means over. We have to nurse back to good health ailing enterprises especially in the industrial sector. We have to find expanded markets for our goods. We have to increase productivity all across the board so that we can generate the resources not only for immediate consumption but also, and more importantly, for capital investment. Investment guarantees future consumption for our growing population. Without investment we are doomed to stagnate and even regress. J

Vol.16 No. 5 May/June 1985 Zill A national reward for hard work The "Worker of the Year Award" presented to Comrade Phineas Makovere at Rufaro Stadium on International Labour Day My Governemnt is determined in the medium term to lay a firm foundation for the transformation of our socio-economic base by way of increased activity in the productive spheres of state and cooperative enterprises and joint ventures. The private sector will also be expected to co-operate actively with Government and to make its contribution in expanding productive capacity and increasing productivity in its area of operations. We must exert these efforts not only because they yield direct benefits to us now and in the future, but also because we live in a world and a region in which there are those who would take comfort out of any failure on our part. There are those who wish us ill and, in some cases, even seek to sabotage and derail our efforts. I need not here elaborate on the hostile activities of the apartheid regime of South Africa who are well known to you. The hostility of the regime in significant part derives from its fear that our victory in liberating ourselves from colonial oppression and in uplifting the masses in our country will be taken as a positive object lesson by the oppressed masses of South Africa. This in fact is true, as the current upsurge of struggles by the masses in that country indicates. We unashamedly wish those struggles every success until final victory. Their victory will be our victory both from a moral point of view and having regard to the elimination of the hostile acts of the apartheid state that I have mentioned above. So, all of us have a job to do. We must do it with determination and we must do it well. Laziness, drunkenness, absenteeism and other detestable practices on the part of workers are anathema to us. None but ourselves will develop Zimbabwe. In as much as yesterday we were our own liberators from colonialism, to- day we are our own emanci the shackles of underdevelolm4 We as a Government, howe ly cognisant of the fact that work be adequately compensated for tribution in the economic life of o try. We realise that the cost of t gone up since the last general wag We fully realise that inflation I siderably reduced the purchasin of the dollar in your pay packet. of this, Government has, afterc tions with the relevant parties union movement, employers' o tions and other interested parties . ed to award a wage increase to fect from July I this year. The d the award are being finalised and be advised in due course. Our pending actions on wa salaries, to repeat, do not mean is well and that we must rest laurels and be complacent. On I trary, we must work even ht achieve greater success and higi ductivity. Our economy is just b to pick up but our foreign exchai straints are likely to remain wit some time. The workers n dedicated in their tasks to ensure economic recovery we are expe now will be sustained. Above must be disciplined. Let me again stress the cru which the labour movement will play as we lay foundations for a Zimbabwe. It will be its major ta! part to workers the right idt orientation necessary forth attait our socialist goals. You must e research in fields relating to lab develop a full understanding of ment policies, trends in techr developments, occupational sa health, innovative production ductivity mechanisms and so oi On through such in-depth rese training can we forward with co to the emergence of a strong, cre productive work-force. The GoN institutions of research are disposal to utilise. It would make and indeed be counterproductivq an ignorant workforce take charl of our enterprises or major pr facilities. Only a properly ideologically conscious and res work force will be able effectivel its own future in its own hand! Finally, I would like to hatani for your hard work which ensL 1984 ended as a good year and 1S well. I would hope that spirit wi with you throughout this year years to come once again, I s: unite and work hard for a strong sperous Zimbabwe. Forward with the Year of National Consolidation! Forward with workers' un Forward with the socialist 32

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Steel window, door and cupboard frames, sliding aluminium window and door frames, roller shutter doors, lock-up steel doors, louvred window frames, burglar bars, fly screens, and garden sheds. The open and 10shut people