1 VERTICAL SKILLS Competencies

1.1 I know the safety rules for on rocks, trees, fences and man-made structures.

1.2 I have been to a jungle-gym playground and know how to play safely and cooperatively with others.

2 VERTICAL SKILLS Competencies

2.1 I have been climbing on an artificial wall or natural rock formation.

2.2 I know the safety rules for being at the top of or the bottom of a cliff face.

2.3 I can properly put on a climbing helmet. OUTDOOR ADVENTURE SKILLS OUTDOOR ADVENTURE 2.4 I can identify and name the parts of a .

Canadianpath.ca Canadianpath.ca 3.4 3.6 3.3 3.5 3.2 3.7 3.1 I canput on andadjustaclimbingharness. climbingwall. artificial I have completedaclimb to the top of an outdoor climbingsite. I know the basicLeave No Trace rules for an climbing webbing. a climbingrope, harness,helmetand I knowhow to care for, handleandstore at anartificialclimbing wall. I know the safetyrules for climbing or rappelling helmet on. I know when and where Ishouldhave aclimbing follow-through knot. I have correctly tied a figure-8 3 Competencies VERTICAL SKILLS 3.8 3.9 5. secondingclimbingmethods. climbing lead 4. top-rope, 3. multi-, 2. I know the difference between:1.single-pitch, aerial or ropes challengecourse. I know the safetyrules for participating on an

OUTDOOR ADVENTURE SKILLS Canadianpath.ca 4.4 4.3 4.2 4.1 follow betweenaclimberandbelayer. I know the communication callsandscript to and belaysystems. check of myself, my climbingpartner, andanchor I knowhow to performanequipment safety rappelling atan outdoor natural climbingsite. I know the mainsafetyrules for climbing or . I have tied aclimbingrope intomy 4 Competencies VERTICAL SKILLS 4.8 4.6 4.5 4.7 . non-locking and three typesof carabiners locking use ofthree typesof identify the and name can I I canbelayusinganauto-locking device. climbing site. I know what makes asafeandunsafe I have coiledaclimbingrope (any method).

OUTDOOR ADVENTURE SKILLS Canadianpath.ca 5.4 5.6 5.3 5.5 5.2 5.7 5.1 or tape webbing. or tape improvised climbingharnessmade with tubular I have constructedandclimbed ina“Swiss seat” the ground. I canloweraclimber on a top rope down to rappel. device to rappel device to arope andharnessused the I have attacheda friction (non-moving part) helmet, harness,rope andcarabiners. I canperformasafetyinspection of aclimbing mountaineer method. I cancoilaclimbingrope usingabutterflyand fisherman’s, Prusik, clove hitchandbowline. (tape), double water knots: can tiethese I auto-blocking device. part) suchasa tube or I canbelayusinga friction, (non-moving 5 Competencies VERTICAL SKILLS 5.10 5.12 5.11 5.8 5.9 consequences of shockloading inclimbing. I understand the concepts, principles, physics and I have setupa3:1(orgreater) rope pulleysystem. No Trace. Leave I know the climbing-specific principles of pitch -point systems. protection to buildboth top andbottomclimbing I cansetandusepassive andnaturalclimbing I know the safetyrules for “”climbing.

OUTDOOR ADVENTURE SKILLS Canadianpath.ca 6.4 6.6 6.3 6.5 6.2 6.1 active protection. I have setupclimbing-anchorsystems using rappel site. I have belayed arappeller from above a system andhow to useit. I know the Yosemite Decimalclimbinggrading rappelling. positioning for I canmaintain the correct foot, bodyandhand Parisian Baudrierchestharness. I have constructedandusedanimprovised known asanItalianhitch)abelaymethod. I have tied andusedaMunterhitchknot(also 6 Competencies VERTICAL SKILLS 6.10 6.12 6.11 6.8 6.9 6.7 for climbingand what sizes of rope are available. I knowhow to identify what isanapproved . in of fallfactor consequences I understand the concept,principle, physics and and slings their uses. webbing climbing know thedifferent typesof I belay device. auto-blocking I have setupanduseda tube, auto-locking,and climbingwall. artificial I have completedamockleadclimb on an bolt anchorsandsystems. I knowhow to assessanduse in-placeclimbing

OUTDOOR ADVENTURE SKILLS Canadianpath.ca 8.4 8.3 7.3 8.2 7.2 8.1 7.1

7 I have beencaving or on a via ferrata. Runway). called TyroleanAerial Traversor I have constructedandusedahighline(also snow field. or frozenglacier 30 degree incline,either on aniceclimb, I have completedaclimbingroute over a 8 beginner climberslearning to climbat that site. climbing siteandassisted with managing I have assisted with settingupa top rope I have seconded on aniceclimb of W3 or higher. 5.7 or higher. I have seconded on amulti-pitchrock climb of rappelled on. and belaysystems for the routes Iclimbed or rope climbingsite where Isetupall the anchor I have climbedatanatural(not constructed) top Competencies VERTICAL SKILLS Competencies VERTICAL SKILLS 8.6 8.5 7.4 7.6 7.5 on anatural(notconstructed)climbingsite. I have completedasinglepitchmockleadclimb rope types are used. static climbingrope, and where and when these I know the difference betweena dynamic and system) asprotection on arappel. I have usedutilitycord anda friction knot(or Prusik andclove hitch. fisherman’s, waterknot,bowline,Munter hitch, knots: follow-through figure-8,double seven have taughtyounger I Scouts totiethese beginners learning to rappelat that site. a belay from above, andassisted with managing I have assisted with settingupa rappelsite with

OUTDOOR ADVENTURE SKILLS Canadianpath.ca 9.3 9.2 9.1 4. 3. 2. 1. following multi-pitchclimbs: I have completedaleadclimb on one of the learning to rappelat that site. above andmanaged or instructedbeginners I have setuparappelsite with abelay from learning to climbat that site. managed or instructedbeginnerclimbers I have setupa top rope climbingsiteand 9 and harness caving that requires climbingropes mountain alpineclimbgradeIII or above ice climbgrade WI3 or above rock climbgrade5.7 or above Competencies VERTICAL SKILLS 9.4 beginners learning to rappel. rescuehitch to of facilitate the combination I have setupandusedaMuntermule

OUTDOOR ADVENTURE SKILLS Canadianpath.ca 1.2 1.1 how to playsafely andcooperatively with others. I have been to ajungle-gymplayground andknow fences andman-madestructures. I know the safetyrules for climbing on rocks, trees, 1 Requirements VERTICAL SKILLS Scouts do notjump down from highplaces. Scouts tell adults when they are going to playat the playground. people. climb onother not Scouts do Scouts always take turns andshare the equipment. Scouts getpermission from anadultbefore climbing trees. structures. Scouts climbinplaygrounds on playequipment—not on inappropriate climb on fences. not Scouts do adult present. Scouts know to always climb with anadult’s permissionandan

OUTDOOR ADVENTURE SKILLS Canadianpath.ca 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1 I canidentifyandname the parts of acarabiner. I canproperly put on aclimbinghelmet. bottom of acliff face. at thetopofor being rules for safety know the I rock formation. I have beenclimbing on anartificial wall ornatural 2 Requirements VERTICAL SKILLS spring on acarabiner. the rope sits),crotch (where the attachment connects),barrel and Scouts canidentify the gate,spine,nose,hinge,latch, basket (where breathing ortalking. interferewith not The chinstrapandattachmentstraps to the helmetare snug,but do central on the headandnotslide forward or backeasily. Scouts canproperly adjust their helmetsso that they fit snuggly tostay Scouts never push or throw anything over acliffedge. climbing site. Scouts always have aclimbinghelmet on when at the bottom of a could fall down. other things Scouts do notplay, rest or standbelowacliff face where rocks, dirt and climbing rope. Scouts do notlook over aclimbingcliffedgeunless tied in with a Scouts do notplay or getclose to acliffedgeunless anadultispresent. “bouldering” or a top rope climbinglesson. Scouts have tried eitherclimbingin the context of asupervised

OUTDOOR ADVENTURE SKILLS Canadianpath.ca 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.1 rope, harness,helmetandclimbing webbing. I knowhow to care for, handleand store aclimbing an artificialclimbing wall. I know the safetyrules for climbing or rappelling on helmet on. I know when and where Ishouldhave aclimbing I have correctly tied a figure-8 follow-through knot. 3 (cont’d on nextpage) Requirements VERTICAL SKILLS and ensuring the equipmentis only used for itsintendedpurpose. participants standing on,throwingequipment; from downordropping for damage, wear, discolouration andincompleteness;preventing inspection by sightand feel of allequipmentatevery use,looking (such asbatteryacid);preventing the growth of mold on equipment; eliminating to ANY petroleum products or ANY chemicals including storageinaclean dry place out of direct sunlight; Scouts can describe the care andhandling of climbingequipment, importance of beingbelayed when climbing. to climb;prohibition of horseplayin the climbing vicinity; and the careful inspection of knots,harnessesandbelaysbefore beginning importance of climbers,belayers andspectators wearing helmets; an artificial wall,includingsupervision by a qualifiedinstructor; the Scouts can describe the safetyrules for climbing or rappelling on a person or an object could fall onto aclimber, belayer or spectator. fall or loss of bodycontrol couldresult inimpact to the head, or when Scouts knowahelmetis to be worn for any climbingactivity where a knot. end ofthe at the symmetry with no twists or crossovers in the knot, with a5–10cm tail Scouts can tie the knot to amasterylevel with a firm feel to theknot,

OUTDOOR ADVENTURE SKILLS Canadianpath.ca 3.8 3.6 3.9 3.5 3.7 . I have completedaclimb to the top of anartificial climbing site. I know the basicLeave No Trace rules for an outdoor I know the difference between: know thedifference I or ropes challengecourse. I know the safetyrules for participating on anaerial I canput on andadjustaclimbingharness. d. b. e. a. c. 3 seconding climbingmethods. top-rope, multi-pitch, single-pitch, Requirements VERTICAL SKILLS (cont’d) climbing wall under their own power.under theirown wall climbing Scouts (usinga top rope climbingmethod)canclimb to the top of a climbing site. Scouts do not disturb any flora or fauna tosetupaclimb orusea Scouts canlist the seven principles of Leave No Trace. e. d. c. b. a. climber ineach of these five climbingmethods: Scouts can describe what ishappening with the rope, belayer and the look after the equipment. Scouts are supportive and do not distract others.Scouts respect and Scouts always wear climbinghelmets. safety rules for the site. Scouts follow the challengecourseinstructors’ directions and the challenge courseinstructor. Scouts climbundersupervisionand with permission from the properly andsecurely tightened. Scouts canputaharness on with the legloopsand waist beltadjusted top-rope, single-pitch, seconding climbingmethods. multi-pitch, lead climbing

OUTDOOR ADVENTURE SKILLS Canadianpath.ca 4.4 4.3 4.2 4.1 at an outdoor naturalclimbingsite. I know the mainsafetyrules for climbing or rappelling I have tied aclimbingrope intomy climbingharness. between aclimberandbelayer. I know the communicationcallsandscript to follow partner, andanchorbelaysystems. an equipmentsafetycheck of myself, my climbing before staringaclimb) to perform I knowhow(just 4 (cont’d on nextpage) Requirements VERTICAL SKILLS observe climbers. Scouts can demonstrate where to besituated to safely Scouts can demonstrate when itissafe to begin to climband rappel. and belayed. Scouts can demonstrate when to be tied in with arope, anchored Scouts can demonstrate where and when to wear ahelmet. harness adjustedproperly. knot tied correctly into the proper location on the harnessand the The harness tie-in mustbeaccomplishedatamasterly level with the appropriate knot. Scouts can tie aclimbingrope into their harnessesusingany rope tension during a climb. a rope tensionduring a rock falls; andhow, why and what to ask for to change the climber before climbingand when the climbis over; what to sayif is required, including what specific words tosay for thebelayer and Scouts canexplain when and why the climbingcommunicationscript belay devices. loading of Scouts canestablish there isaproper connection/anchoring and loaded anchorsystems. Scouts cancheck that there are redundant, equalized andproperly carabiners before use. Scouts canperformasqueeze and visual check of allknotsand helmet/harness isproperly secured). loose clothing,sharp objects inpockets, untiedshoes,jewelryand Scouts canperformahead-to-toecheck of clothingandattire (no

OUTDOOR ADVENTURE SKILLS Canadianpath.ca 4.8 4.6 4.5 4.7 non-locking carabiners. and three typesof carabiners locking of I cannameandidentify the use of three types type device.) (Note: This isnota tube or auto-blocking I canbelayusinganauto-locking device. I know what makes asafeandunsafeclimbingsite. I have coiledaclimbingrope (any method). 4 Requirements VERTICAL SKILLS

(cont’d) aluminum D,etc. Non-locking couldinclude:aluminum oval, bent gate, wire gate, screw gateDsteel,etc. Locking couldinclude:auto-locking,screw gatepear(Munter hitch), multi-pitch climbing.) along on heavy totakeare too but they anchors, up top-rope setting the types of carabiners.(i.e.screw gate steelcarabinersare good for Scouts can describe the use of and the advantagesandlimitations of to the rope isnotrequired. The knowledgeandskill of attachingand detaching the belay device the start to the finish (when theclimberunties from the rope). The Scout belayer canprovide acontinuous belay to aclimber from rain/snow, waterfalls/flash floodsandavalanches. Scouts canrecognize and describe environmental hazards: lighting, glass and tin cans),standing water/fluid spills, otherclimbersabove. telephone/communication cables,pipesandiron works, litter(suchas Scouts canrecognize and describe man-made hazards: powerlines, rocks. kick down may animals defendingterritoryorthat hanging deadtrees/branches, plants, tree sap, beesandants,poisonoussnakes, dead/rotted trees, Scouts can describe the hazards of flora and fauna:poisonous/thorny and vegetation. soil Scouts canrecognize and describe the hazards posedby looserock, uncoiled inashort time freely without entanglements or knots. The coilshouldbesufficient tobecarriedinabackpackandcan Scouts cancoilatabeginnerlevel.

OUTDOOR ADVENTURE SKILLS Canadianpath.ca 5.3 5.2 5.1 helmet, harness,rope andcarabiners. I canperformasafetyinspection of aclimbing mountaineer method. I cancoilaclimbingrope usingabutterflyand fisherman’s, Prusik,clove hitchandbowline. (tape), double water knots: can tiethese I 5 (cont’d on nextpage) Requirements VERTICAL SKILLS material, nometalburs or sharpedges. on alockinggate the barrel works freely, nocracks of defects in the Carabiners: all working partspresent, gate opens freely without sticking, or chemicals. rope isnot overly soiledby dirt or foreign contaminatessuchas oils properties are intact;rope is the proper length(usually 60–70metres); through the kern; noabraded,cut or meltedkern fibers; : rope hasnoconstrictions or blowouts;nomantle fibers showing all buckleadjustments working. all bucklespresent andingoodcondition with nocracks, defects or burs, Harness: all webbing ingoodcondition with nocuts, defects or abrasions, working. adjustment functions shell is without cracks or defects, allbucklespresent and working, allsize allrivets and Helmet: fasteners secure, all webbing ingoodcondition, the improper working conditionandmissingcomponents. items wear,for each ofthese damage, inspect on what to know Scouts The coilsmustbein order and of constantlengthand free of any twists. short order.in The coilmustbeable to uncoil freely without entanglements or knotsand arm andshoulder over the back and tied off around the body. The coilshouldbesufficient tobecarriedinabackpack,slung over one or finish. whipping proper Scouts can tie the coil to amasterylevel with consistentcoillengthsanda knot. coming outofthe symmetry with no twists or crossovers in the knot, with a5–10cm tail Scouts can tie the knots to amasterylevel with a firm feel to theknot,

OUTDOOR ADVENTURE SKILLS Canadianpath.ca 5.4 5.6 5.5 5.7 device to rappel. device to rappel device to arope andharnessused the I have attacheda friction (non-moving part) auto-blocking device. part) belay device suchasa tube or I canbelayusinga friction, (non-moving or tape webbing. or tape improvised climbing harnessmade with tubular I have constructedandclimbedin a “Swiss seat” the ground. I canloweraclimber on a top rope down to 5 (cont’d on nextpage) Requirements VERTICAL SKILLS minimum of slackshouldbein the belayrope. Tension by the belaysafetyrope isnotrequired during the rappel,buta rappel. maintained duringthe Proper handandbodyposition to operate the device isachieved and Correct attachmentby carabiner from the device to the harnessismade. properlyroperappel device. throughcan feed the Scouts rope isnotrequired. belay devicetothe and detachingthe attaching skill of and knowledge The unties fromrope. climber the whenthe climb start tothe finish ofthe The Scout belayer can provide acontinuousbelay to aclimber from the the harness. The Scout climberis to experience full body weight suspendedin harness on. the A complete top rope climbandlowerback down is to bemade with waist tightness. The harnessis to be tied to the body with the correct legloopand improvised climbing harness. Scouts cancorrectly size and tie the knots to make a Swiss seat during andat the end of the rappel. Scouts canuseproper verbal climbingcommandsandprocedures before, rate andinasafe fashion. Scouts usingabelaybreaking device canloweraclimberatcontrolled

OUTDOOR ADVENTURE SKILLS Canadianpath.ca 5.8 5.9 climbing pitchanchor-point systems. protection to buildboth top andbottom I cansetandusepassive andnaturalclimbing I know the safetyrules for “bouldering”climbing. 5 (cont’d on nextpage) Requirements VERTICAL SKILLS Small Angles). acronym “SARENE-SA” (Solid Anchors, Redundant, Equalized, NoExtension, Scouts canexplainandcorrectly apply the principles of the anchorbuilding protection: nuts,hexes, stoppers,cams,etc. Scouts can demonstrate the use of manufactured passive climbing overhand,strength tieoff,etc.). full Scouts mustuseproperly mastered and tied knots(bowline, water knot, for security. Natural andman-madeattachmentsmustbeinspectedby Scouts Scouts canuserocks, trees andman-made objects to asanchorpoints. partner to spotclimbersandhave acrashpadinplace. alone or unsupervised, do notclimb with feet over waist height,usea Scouts canexplain the rules for bouldering: wear ahelmet, do notboulder

OUTDOOR ADVENTURE SKILLS Canadianpath.ca 5.10 Leave No Trace. Leave I know the climbing-specificprinciples of 5 (cont’d on nextpage) Requirements VERTICAL SKILLS (cont’d on nextpage) • • • Properlyof WasteDispose • • • • • • Durable Surfaces • • • • Plan Ahead Trace principles. Scouts in their climbingpractice demonstrate the climbingLeave No bathroom on the way to the climb to avoid the problem altogether.problem avoid the climb to bathroomway tothe onthe Human waste isaproblem around popularclimbingareas. Go to the Clean chalkspills. Minimize chalk dust; keep chalkbagsclosed to prevent spills. discarded tape). webbing or as old (such Packgear worn outordiscarded out with arappelring or carabiner. Instead, tie aslingaround the tree andrun your rope through the sling Do not wrap rope around trees where the friction can destroy the bark. Popular climbingroutes have established descent trails—use them. should beavoided. Removal of rocks or landscaping to make aboulderingproblem safe destroynot vegetation.will pads When bouldering,ensure the ground is durable sospotters or crash anchors. permanent existing reducewear on Use quickdrawsto do not forget other groups or usersmaybealsopresent. Ensure the stagingarea islarge enough to accommodate your group; minimize overcrowdingCarpool toatthetrailhead. drilling or anchors, or require permits. Find out aboutpermitsandpractices;somelocations do notallow Use appropriate equipment thoroughly checked before the climb. possibility of injuryandneed of rescue. Pick aclimb that suits the skilllevel of your group to minimize the

OUTDOOR ADVENTURE SKILLS Canadianpath.ca 5.10

No Trace. (cont’d)No Trace. I know the climbing-specificprinciples ofLeave 5 (cont’d on nextpage) Requirements VERTICAL SKILLS • • • • Be Considerateof Other Visitors • • • • Respect Wildlife • • • • • LeaveYou What Find • • pace, or politely askif you can pass when itisconvenient andsafe. Give other climbingpartiesplenty of room and time to climbat their group. with yourhanging out climb or waiting to while noise Minimize up acliff face. Wear earth-tone clothes to minimize your visual impact while scurrying less-popular times. weekdaysclimbing on Consider or get bittenby hidden wildlife andinsects. Be careful placinghandsand feet; do notaccidentally destroy anest or climbing routes to leave animals their space. Keep alert for animalsprotecting their homes;change or abandon Be aware of seasonalrock siteclosures (mandatoryand voluntary). animals userock outcrops for shelter. Critical nestingsitesare found incliff faces for many birds; other a noticeablepath. Leave the rocks inplacerather than force aroute that will leave and areas that require cleaning. If climbinganewroute, avoid lichen-covered rock, vegetated cracks motorized drill. be legal or itmayberequired to useahand drill rather than Before placingbolts,check with locallandmanagers;itmaynot webbing andcoloured bolthangers. Use fixed protection sparingly; for fixed protection, useearth-coloured Use removable climbingprotection asmuchpossible. concentrations of human waste catholesinasmall,highly usedarea. pack-out kit or useacommercial one; burying waste results inhigh climbing areas. Pack out allhuman waste. Create ahuman waste Soil is often thin with little vegetative growth inrocky, arid or alpine of urineat the sitemake for anunpleasantenvironment for all. Urinate well away from the climbingsitelocation;highconcentrations

OUTDOOR ADVENTURE SKILLS Canadianpath.ca 5.12 5.11

consequences of shockloadinginclimbing. I understand the concepts,principles,physics and pulley system. I have setupa3:1(orgreater) rope 5 Requirements VERTICAL SKILLS (cont’d) from happening. Scouts can describe how to avoid or minimize shock loading Scouts can describe the effectshockloadinghas on abelayer andclimber. and systems. Scouts can describe the effectshockloadinghas on climbingequipment shock loaded. in motionishalted very suddenly; the force of that suddenstopis met with anequal(orgreater) and opposite force, the object (climber) Scouts canexplainshockloading: when an object inmotionissuddenly of one personpulling. The systemshouldnotbe tensioned on aclimbingrope beyond the power climbing. engineered for The pulleysystemshouldbeconstructed out of equipmentspecifically Scouts cansetupapulleysystem that canraise the weight of anadult.

OUTDOOR ADVENTURE SKILLS Canadianpath.ca 6.4 6.3 6.2 6.1 “Parisian Baudrier”chestharness. I have constructedandusedanimprovised called anItalianhitch)asabelaymethod. I have tied andusedaMunterhitchknot(also system andhow to useit. I know the Yosemite Decimalclimbinggrading rappelling. positioning for I canmaintain the correct foot, bodyandhand 6 (cont’d on nextpage) Requirements VERTICAL SKILLS Scouts canexplain when achestharnessisrequired. their seatharness,anduse the two harnesses together on aclimb. Scouts can tie aParisian Baudrierchestharness andincorporateitinto the hitchisunderload. Scouts can tie off the Munterhitchknot with aMuntermuleknot when Munter Hitchcarabiner. Scouts can tie aMunterhitchknotcorrectly and attach the knot to a belay aclimber when climbingupandbeinglowered back down. Using acarabinerspecially designed for aMunterHitchknot, Scouts can or descent. a climbingrope isrequired to protect themselves during andaccent Scouts canstateat what grade of Yosemite Decimalclimbingsystem plan aclimb. Scouts can describe the systemandhow they canuse the system to manufacturer’s requirements. the climbing face, handsin the positionasper the rappel device and semi-flat on theclimbing face,backstraightleaning from Scouts can demonstrate the position with feet shoulder-width apart

OUTDOOR ADVENTURE SKILLS Canadianpath.ca 6.8 6.6 6.5 6.7 active protection. I have setupaclimbing-anchorsystemsusing rappel site. I have belayed arappeller from above a climber on anartificialclimbing wall. I have completedamockleadclimb as the rappel andbelaystations. bolt anchors,hangersand fixed permanent I knowhow to assessandusein-placeclimbing 6 (cont’d on nextpage) Requirements VERTICAL SKILLS Redundant, Equalized, NoExtension, Small Angles. building acronym “SARENE-SA” when settinganchors: Solid Anchors, Scouts canexplainandcorrectly apply the principles of the anchor- . station anchorsystem that incorporatesatleast two placements of active Scouts can demonstrate settingupa top rope anchor or abottombelay from the belayline, the belaylineis only asafetybackup. rather thantension control thedescent; rappel deviceto friction ofthe can belayaclimber down the rappel,allowing the rappeller to use the A Scout belayer seated at the top of abelaysiteandusing friction device actual non-mockleadclimb. fashion consistent with a methodusedasif the Scout was makingan The climbing Scout is to bebelayed with the ground upbelayina placements on the climbingroute as the climberascends. up. This rope is to beclippedintocarabinersattached to pre-set protection The climbing Scout isalso tied intoasecondrope belayed from the ground The climbing Scout is to bebelayed on a top rope belaysafetyrope. • • • Scouts demonstrate they can visually andphysically checkboltanchorsby: look like. modern bolthangersandboltslooklike, and what older designs Bolt andhangerare of modern-era type. Scouts can describe what rust on metalparts,nocracks or bendsinmetal, nutsare secure checking the boltandhanger—hanger held tight, nolarge amount of with arock hammer, 30cm of solid rock on allsides of aboltisideal attached to rock that looksloose or broken, sounds“hollow” when hit looking for looserock materialaround the boltplacement—bolt

OUTDOOR ADVENTURE SKILLS Canadianpath.ca 6.10 6.12 6.11 6.9 and slings and the uses ofthese. and the slings and webbing climbing know thedifferent typesof I belay device. auto-blocking I have setupanduseda tube, auto-lockingand for climbingand what sizes of rope are available. I knowhow to identify what isanapproved rope climbing. in of fallfactor consequences I understand the concept,principle,physics and 6 Requirements VERTICAL SKILLS (cont’d) Scouts can describe what acommercially sewnclimbingslingis. Scouts canmake aself-constructedclimbingsling with a water knot. webbing fabrics and disadvantagesofthese advantages and the materials webbing Scouts canexplain the differences betweennylon, Dyneemaand Spectra strengthswebbing. of and the differentwidths Scouts canexplain the deference between flat and tubular webbingand Scout belayer. belay device, attached to aclimbingrope andused during aclimbby the Scouts cansetup one of each of a tube, auto-lockingandauto-blocking a rock fall. a less impact force ina fall and offer less chance of bothropes beingcutin 8–9 mm diameter ropes offer a full rope length for rappelling,produce longer climbing. Smaller diameter ropes are lighterandbetter for multi-pitch but large ropes are heavier. ropes can take agreater fall andare more resistant to wear andabrasion, diameter for climbing with asinglerope, becauselarger diameter single Scouts can describe the size anduse of asingle climbingrope: 9 to 11mm Scouts can describe astandard length of aclimbingrope (60–70metres). Scouts can describe a“UIAA” certifiedclimbing rope. Scouts canexplainhow to minimize fall factors. hazards associated. Scouts can describe what a fall factor isinclimbingand the .

OUTDOOR ADVENTURE SKILLS Canadianpath.ca 7.4 7.6 7.3 7.5 7.2 7.1

I have beencaving or on a via ferrata. Runway). TyroleanAerial Traversor I have constructedandusedahighline(alsocalled snow field. incline, either on aniceclimb, glacier or frozen I have completedaclimbingroute over a30 degree are used. climbing rope, and where and when these rope types I know the difference betweena dynamic andstatic as protection on arappel. I have usedutilitycord anda friction knot(orsystem) natural (notconstructed)climbingsite. I have completedasinglepitchmockleadclimb on a 7 Requirements VERTICAL SKILLS There are cavingclubsinboth the eastand west of Canada. requirement. this assistance for clubs to obtain contact oneofthese best for Scouts to is It clubs. Nationally, cavingisgenerally controlled by asmallnumber of caving can be found inboth the eastand west of Canada. Notes: Via ferrata routes are offered by commercial companiesand another.highline to moved sideofthe be from one must person weight ofone The equipment. The constructionit to be out of engineered purpose-builtclimbing to beaclimb of aminimum of ahalfrope length. The completedclimbcanbea top rope, second or leadclimbandis climbing rope. static can describethe and functional differencesScouts ofdynamic static climbingropes are suitable. Scouts can describe the climbingactivities for which dynamic and of rappel device failure/malfunction or loss of control by the rappeller. that attaches the climber to the rappel rope asaredundant backupincase Scouts demonstrate the use of a Prusik knot or other suitable friction knot actual non-mockleadclimb. fashion consistent with amethodusedasif the Scout was makingan The climbing Scout is to bebelayed with aground upbelayina set protection placements on the climbingroute. ground up; this rope is to beclippedintocarabinersattached to pre- The climbing Scout isalso tied intoasecondrope belayed from the The climbing Scout isbelayed on a top rope belaysafetyrope.

OUTDOOR ADVENTURE SKILLS Canadianpath.ca 8.4 8.6 8.3 8.5 8.2 8.1 5.7 or higher.5.7 or I have seconded on amulti-pitchrock climb of grade systems for the routes Ihave climbed or rappelled on. climbing site where Isetupall the anchorandbelay I have climbedatanatural(notconstructed) top rope clove hitch. water knot,bowline,Munterhitch, Prusikand follow-through figure-eight, doublefisherman’s, knots: haveseven taughtyounger I Scouts totiethese beginners learning to rappelat that site. a belay from above, andassisted with managing I have assisted with settinguparappelsite with learning to climbat that site. site andassisted with managingbeginnerclimbers I have assisted with settingupa top rope climbing I have seconded on aniceclimb of W3 or higher. 8 Requirements VERTICAL SKILLS protection from the route. protection fromthe Scouts can follow aleadclimber on aroute andcleanall the qualified climbinginstructorbefore use. Scouts cansetupanchorandbelaysystems to the satisfaction of a knots are not to be used for climbing or rappellingactivities. Scouts are to teach these seven knots to abeginnerlevel only. The rappel site. beginner-levela and teachingof up set help to facilitate thetechnical Scouts (under the supervision of a qualified climbinginstructor)can rope climbers. beginner top and teachingof up set help to facilitate thetechnical Scouts (under the supervision of a qualified climbinginstructor)can route. protection fromthe Scouts can follow aleadclimber on aroute andcleanall the

OUTDOOR ADVENTURE SKILLS Canadianpath.ca 9.4 9.3 9.2 9.1 4. 3. 2. to rappel. learning beginners rescue of hitch to facilitate the I have setupandusedaMuntermule combination multi-pitch climbs: I have completedaleadclimb on one of the following learning to rappelat that site. the rappellerandmanaged or instructedbeginners I have setuparappelsite with abelay from above that site. instructed beginnerclimberslearning to climbat I have setupa top rope climbingsiteandmanaged or 1. 9 caving that requires climbingropes andharness mountain alpineclimbgradeIII or above ice climbgrade WI3 or above rock climbgrade5.7 or above Requirements VERTICAL SKILLS

qualified climbinginstructor with five ormore years ofexperience. Scouts cancomplete this rescue under the direct supervision of a with aMunterhitch friction knot. the rappelling Scout down to the ground on a third backupsafetyrope the rappelrope and the belayrope, and the Scout facilitator lowers Scouts canconductarescue scenario where arappelleris freed from instructor with five ormore years ofclimbinginstructionexperience. Scouts must work under the direct supervision of a qualified climbing service. instructor toofferthis Scouts musthave achieved the status of a qualified top rope climbing instructor with five ormore years ofclimbinginstructionexperience. Scouts must work under the direct supervision of a qualified climbing service. instructor toofferthis climbing rope a qualifiedtop status of the Scouts musthave achieved qualified climbinginstructor with five ormore years ofexperience. Scouts cancompletealeadclimbunder the direct supervision of a

OUTDOOR ADVENTURE SKILLS