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HI B. A. P SHIVAJI UNIVERSITY, KOLHAPUR art-III : Compulsor CENTRE FOR DISTANCE EDUCATION y English Compulsory English (Paper-E and F) B. A. Part-III (Semester-V Paper-E) (Semester-VI Paper-F) KJ(Academic Year 2015-16 onwards) ISBN- 978-81-8486-610-6 Copyright © Registrar, Shivaji University, Kolhapur. (Maharashtra) First Edition 2015 Prescribed for B. A. Part-III All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced in any form by mimeography or any other means without permission in writing from the Shivaji University, Kolhapur (MS) Copies : 10,000 Published by: Dr. V. N. Shinde Ag. Registrar, Shivaji University, Kolhapur-416 004. Printed by : Shri. B. P. Patil Superintendent, Shivaji University Press, Kolhapur-416 004 ISBN- 978-81-8486-610-6 # Further information about the Centre for Distance Education & Shivaji University may be obtained from the University Office at Vidyanagar, Kolhapur-416 004, India. # This material has been produced out of the Developmental Grant from UGC, Distance Education Bureau, New Delhi. (ii) Centre for Distance Education Shivaji University, Kolhapur I ADVISORY COMMITTEE I Prof. (Dr.) D. B. Shinde Dr. C. J. Khilare Vice-Chancellor, Dean, Faculty of Science, Shivaji University, Kolhapur Shivaji University, Kolhapur Prof. (Dr.) M. M. Salunkhe Dr. R. G. Phadatare Vice-Chancellor, Dean, Faculty of Commerce, Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Open Shivaji University, Kolhapur University, Nashi. Prin. D. R. More Prof. (Dr.) K. S. Rangappa Director, B.C.U.D., Hon. Vice-Chancellor, Shivaji University, Kolhapur University of Mysore Dr. V. N. Shinde Prof. P. Prakash Ag. Registrar, Pro. Vice-Chancellor, Shivaji University, Kolhapur Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi Shri. M. A. Kakade Controller of Examinations, Prof. (Dr.) Cima Yeole Shivaji University, Kolhapur Git Govind, Flat No. 2, 1139 Sykes Extension, Shri. A. B. Chougule Kolhapur-416001 Ag. Finance and Accounts Officer, Shivaji University, Kolhapur Dr. A. P. Gavali Dean, Faculty of Arts and Fine Arts, Capt. Dr. N. P. Sonaje Shivaji University, Kolhapur (Member Secretary) Dr. J. S. Patil Ag. Director, Dean, Faculty of Social Sciences, Centre for Distance Education, Shivaji University, Kolhapur Shivaji University, Kolhapur. I BOARD OF STUDIES IN ENGLISH I Chairman- Dr. S. B. Bhambar Head, Dept. of English, Tukaram Krishnaji Kolekar Arts & Commerce College, Nesari G Prof. (Dr.) M. L. Jadhav G Dr. N. R. Sawant Professor and Head, Dept. of English, Associate Professor and Head Shivaji University, Kolhapur Dept. of English, G Dr. S. R. Ghatge Shivraj College of Arts, Commerce & Associate Professor, Dept. of English Science, Gadhinglaj Vivekanand College, Kolhapur G Dr. S. R. Sawant G Dr. P. M. Patil Associate Professor, Assistant Professor and Head, Dept. of English, Dept. of English, Kisan Veer Mahavidyalaya, Wai Arts, Commerce & Science College, Palus G Dr. R. P. Lokhande G Dr. R. Y. Shinde Associate Professor and Head, Associate Professor and Head, Dept. of English, Dept. of English, Rajarshi Chh. Shahu College, Kolhapur Kisan Veer Mahavidyalaya, Wai (iii) Centre for Distance Education Compulsory English Shivaji University, B. A. Part-III Kolhapur. Writing Team Sem. V Sem. VI Writers Name Units Units Shri. Avinash S. Lokhande 1 12 Mahavir Mahavidyalaya, Kolhapur Dr. S. I. Noorani 2 16 DKASC College, Ichalkaranji Shri. Prakash Kumbhar 3, 7 -- M. H. Shinde College, Tisangi Shri. P. A. Patil 4 11 Yashwantrao Chavan Mahavidyalaya, Halkarni Mr. Suresh P. Patil 5 13 Vijaysinh Yadav College, Pethvadgaon Dr. Anand S. Jarag 6 10 D. R. Mane Mahavidyalaya, Kagal Dr. Neeta V. Jokhe 8 9 Deshbhakt Anandrao Balwantrao Naik Arts & Science College, Chikhali Dr. N. B. Masal -- 14, 15 Dr. S. S. Ghali College, Gadhinjlaj I Editors I Shri. Y. S. Kalamkar Dr. Anand S. Jarag Dr. S. B. Bhambar Pune D. R. Mane Head, Dept. of English Mahavidyalaya, Kagal Tukaram Krishnaji Kolekar Arts & Commerce College, Nesari (iv) PREFACE This book entitled English for Communication which is prescribed for B. A. Part III as the compulsory English course. It is in continuation of our textbooks prescribed for B. A. Part I and B. A. Part II at compulsory levels. They are prepared taking into account the needs of our students to use English in day-to-day communication as well as to acquire advanced skills in written communication in English. The first section of this book deals with communication skills of written English. There are several tasks included in these units after each teaching point so that the students should practise those skills in the class and at home. Teachers are requested to devise more such tasks and give students ample practice for spoken as well as written English. The second section introduces passages of prose and poetry to improve reading comprehension of the students. There are different types of comprehension questions asked under each reading unit to ensure close reading of the text. There are also questions for testing composition skills in the units of both the sections. We sincerely hope this book, like the earlier ones, will be of hope to both the teachers as well as the students. I Editors I Shri. Y. S. Kalamkar Dr. Anand S. Jarag Dr. S. B. Bhambar Pune D. R. Mane Head, Dept. of English Mahavidyalaya, Kagal Tukaram Krishnaji Kolekar Arts & Commerce College, Nesari (v) CONTENTS Compulsory English Semester–V Paper-E Section-I Communication Skills Unit 1 a) How to Face an Interview 1 b) Developing Vocabulary 15 Unit 2 Avoiding Common Errors in Written English 43 Section-II Reading Comprehension Unit 3 a) Empowering Three Billion Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam 69 b) The Riding Fate Ishwar Chander 90 Unit 4 a) Happy Prince Oscar Wilde 112 b) The Sick Rose William Blake 132 c) Stopping by The Woods on a Snowy Evening - Robert Frost 138 Semester–VI Paper-F Section-I Communication Skills Unit 1 a) Official Letter Writing 145 b) English for Journalism 167 Unit 2 Interacting in a Group Discussion 196 Section-II Reading Comprehension Unit 3 a) Building an Indian Innovation Ecosystem Raghunath Anant Mashelkar 218 b) No Man is an Island Minoo Masani 230 Unit 4 a) Khadi M K. Gandhi (1869-1948) 250 b) The Mettle of Soldiers R. Singh 261 c) The Bunyan Tree Rabindranath Tagore 268 (vii) Each Unit begins with the Objectives of the Section - Objectives are directive and indicative of : 1. what has been presented in the Unit and 2. what is expected from you 3. what you are expected to know pertaining to the specific Unit once you have completed working on the Unit. The self check exercises with possible answers will help you to understand the Unit in the right perspective. Go through the possible answer only after you write your own answers. These exercises are not to be submitted to us for evaluation. They have been provided to you as Study Tools to help keep you on the right track as you study the Unit. (viii) Semester-V : Paper-E Unit-1 a) How to Face An Interview 1.0 Objectives : After studying this unit, you will be able to – G Understand the relationship between interviewee and interviewer G Know the do’s and don’ts for interview and some fundamental qualities necessary for facing an interview G Understand the skill of facing job interviews 1.1 Introduction:- Interviews are one of the most popularly used devices for selection of employees. Interview is the final hurdle which you have to cross to get the job. It is employed as supplementary to the written test. You may have obtained a first class degree but you may not perform well at the interview. You may be found unfit for the job for which you have applied. Many candidates pass the written test with credit, but they can’t impress the interviewers and, so, they are rejected. So, interview is an important stage before final selection is made for any post. Only a few posts are filled without interview. The traits such as mental ability, personality, intelligence, presence of mind, emotional stability, experience, goals and values are assessed at the time of interview. There are certain posts where interview plays the decisive role. So, you must prepare yourself for the interview to avoid frustration. 1.2 Presentation of Subject matter: 1.2.1 Section – 1 [I] Interviewers : The interviewers are persons of wide knowledge and experience. They can judge the real character and person’s worth by his or her speech, expressions and self-presentation. They know the details about the job and its responsibilities. They have a mental picture of the ideal person fit for the job. They would not mind if the 1 candidate is a little short of their expectations. The candidate has to prove his aptitude for the job. So, as a candidate, you have to give your best to the interviewers. You must remember that the first impression is the last impression. So, in the beginning, you should impress them with you knowledge, intelligence and confidence. You need to manipulate the questioning or the trend of conversation so that it can project your good points and hide your weaknesses. You must try to retain your politeness, cheerfulness and patience to the end showing your interest and sincerity in the interview all the time. You should never feel offended or annoyed at questions of personal type. You have to answer them sincerely and in a pleasant and convincing way. False or overstatements need to be avoided. Brief, to the point but clear expression is likely to impress the members of interview board. [II] Preparation for the Interview: Work on your application and Curriculum Vitae (C.V.) to go through interview. It is time for some more homework. Check your resume/bio-data/application form carefully.