COMPLEXUL MUZEAL DE ŞTIINŢELE NATURII „ION BORCEA” BACĂU

STUDII ŞI COMUNICĂRI 2006 Vol. 21: 45 – 53

THE BIODIVERSITY OF THE MACROMYCETES IN THE DOFTEANA ARBORETUM, BACAU COUNTY

OTILIA CARMEN PAVEL*

ABSTRACT

PAVEL C. O., 2006 - The biodiversity of the macromycetes in the Dofteana Arboretum, Bacau county. Studii şi Comunicări, Compl. Muz. Şt. Nat. „Ion Borcea” Bacău, vol. 21: 45-53.

The identified macromycetes, in number of 195 are from the Fungi kingdom and they belong to two phylums Ascomycota and , 2 classes, 14 orders and 48 families, 95 genera. From the numerical analysis, it results that the predominant species from the orders: Agaricales – 91 species, Russulales – 29 species, Polyporales -26 species, - 20 species. The macromycetes species belong to 8 biological forms and 9 ecological categories. The ecological spectrum is dominated by saprotrophic species – 104 (53 %), followed by mycorhizes species - 61 (31 %). From the economic importance point of view the most numerous are the inedible species – 125 (65%), followed by the edible species – 57 (29 %) and toxic 13 (7 %).

Key words: macromycetes, bioform, ecological category, diversity, Dofteana , Bacău

Introduction at the Olympus SZ61 stereomicroscope and at the The Dofteana Arboretum is situated in the Olympus CX 31 microscope. region of Nemira Mauntains, and it spreads on the The collected material was determined using medium terrace of Dofteana valley (in Bacău the mycological literature (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, county) at the south-eastern of Hăghiac village. The 10). The classification and the nomenclature of the total surface of the park is of 34 hectares, between species were updated according to Index Fungorum 46˚21′ N latitude and 26˚32′ E longitude, at altitude (11) for macromycetes. of 370 - 430 m. The classification of the macromycetes It was founded between 1908 and 1910 by depending on the bioform (life form), the food the arrangement of a common made by Iuliu value, the toxicity, was made after G. Sălăgeanu, Moldovan who worked for 25 years for the 1985 (10). acclimatization of the exotic species. During the period from 1998 to 2004 At Dofteana, where the Arboretum is examinations were made upon the macromycetes, situated, there is a temperate climate, specific to the from May to November in the following vegetal intramontane depressions; the annual temperature is formations: oak hornbeam forest, collection of 9,3˚ C and the mean annual precipitation 612,3 mm. trees, of pine trees, of spruce trees, of fir trees. The flora epithome contains a number of 635 The mycological material was preserved and tree species and 237 herbaceous species and moses. introduced in the collection of macromycetes of the The dendrological collections lies on a Museum of Natural Sciences from Bacău. surface of 24 hectares, in the western part of the arboretum, on a surface of 10 hectares there lay an Results and discussions oak hornbeam forest. The researches effectuated between the years 1998 and 2004 contribute at the cognition of the Material and method biodiversity of the macromycetes in Dofteana Fungi were investigated macroscopically and Arboretum. microscopically. The examinations was effectuated The identified macromycetes, in number of 195 are from the Fungi kingdom and they belong to

* “Ion Borcea” Natural Sciences Museum Complex

45 two phylums Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, 2 quantity pointy of view are the mycetogeophytes: classes, 14 orders and 48 families, 95 genera. A Gm – 61species (31%), Gs - 49 species (25%). taxonomically arranged list of all the species The ecological spectrum is dominated by collected is reported in a table (Tab. 1). The saprotrophic species – 104 (53 %), followed by macromycetes are put in the alphabetical order of mycorrhizes species - 61 (31 %). From the ecologic families, genera and species, at each species it is analysis of the categories one can see that the noted the life form, the ecological category and the saprotrophic species on dead wood - 48 (25%), the economic importance. saprotrophic species on soil or humus – 36 (18%). The macromycetes from Ascomycetes class The species that are frequent in the Dofteana are in a number: 13 species, belonging to 11 genera, Arboretum: Agaricus silvicola (Vitt.) Peck, Amanita 4 families, 3 orders and 3 subclasses. rubescens var. rubescens Pers., Boletus chrysenteron The macromycetes from Basidiomycota class Bull., Gymnopus dryophilus (Bull.) Murrill, Inocybe have the highest prevalence of 93 % (182) and they rimosa (Bull.) P. Kumm., Macrolepiota procera belong to genera, 44 families, 11 orders. (Scop.) Singer, Mycena pura (Pers.) P. Kumm., From the numerical analysis, it results that Russula foetens (Pers.) Pers., Russula turci Bres., the predominant species from the orders: Agaricales granulatus (L.) Snell, from terricolous – 91 species, Russulales – 29 species, Polyporales - sinusia and Armillaria mellea (Vahl) P. Kumm., 26 species, Boletales - 20 species (fig. 1). Hypholoma fasciculare (Huds.) P. Kumm., Stereum The families with the largest number of hirsutum (Willd.) Pers., Trametes versicolor (L.) species are: Tricholomataceae - 29 species, Lloyd. from epixylous sinusia. Russulaceae - 24 species, Agaricaceae - 21 species, Concerning the economic importance, the Marasmiaceae - 19 species, Polyporaceae -16 species. most numerous species are the inedible species – The genera which have a significant 125 (65%), followed by the edible species – 57 (29 prevalence: Russula – 21 species, Amanita -7 %) and toxic 13 (7 %). Of the edible fungi, 35 species, Clitocybe – 7 species. species have a low food value (X), 11 have a The macromycetes species belong to 8 medium food value (XX) and 11 species have a very biological forms and 9 ecological categories (Table high food value (XXX). 1, fig. 2). The biological forms analysis shows the The toxic species belong to 3 groups: 6 predominance of mycetogeophytes –57 %, followed species which produce gastro – intestinal by the mycetoepiphytes – 25 %. From the intoxication (†), 5 species which produce macromycetes, prevalent from the biodiversity and intoxication of the nervous system (††), and 2 species which cause lethal intoxication.

Tab. 1 - The mycological material collected

Species Biological Ecological Food Habitat Kingdom FUNGI form category values/ Toxicity/ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Inedible Phylum ASCOMYCOTA, Class Ascomycetes Subclass Leotiomycetidae Order Helotiales Family Helotiaceae Ascocoryne sarcoides (Jacq.) J.W. Groves & EPx Sl - + - - - - D.E. Wilson Bisporella citrina (Batsch) Korf & Carpenter EPx Sl - + - - - - Chlorociboria aeruginascens (Nyl.) Kanouse ex EPx Sl - + - - - - C.S. Ramamurthi, Korf & L.R. Batra Hymenoscyphus fructigenus (Bull. ) Fr. EPx Sl - + - - - - Subclass Pezizomycetidae OrderPezizales Family Helvellaceae Helvella crispa (Scop.) Fr Gs St - + - - - - Family Pezizaceae Peziza badia Pers. Ex Fr. Gs St - + - - - - Subclass Sordariomycetidae, Order Xylariales Family Xylariaceae Daldinia concentrica (Bolton) Ces. & De Not EPx Sl - + - - - -

46 Xylaria hypoxylon (L.) Grev. EPx Sl - + - - - - Xylaria polymorpha (Pers.) Grev EPx Sl - + - - - - Hypoxylon fragiforme (Pers.) J. Kickx EPx Sl - + - - - - Hypoxylon fuscum (Pers.) Fr EPx Sl - + - - - - Hypoxylon variolosum (L.) Keissl EPx Sl - + - - - - Kretzschmaria deusta (Hoffm.) P.M.D. Martin EPx Sl - + - - - - Phylum Basidiomycota, Class Basidiomycetes Subclass Agaricomycetidae Order Agaricales Family Agaricaceae Agaricus arvensis Schaeff.. Gs St XXX + - - - - - Agaricus essettei Bon Gs St + - - - - Agaricus silvaticus Schaeff. Gs St XX - + + - - - Agaricus silvicola (Vitt.) Peck Gs St XX - + + + - - Agaricus xanthodermus Genev. Gs St † - + - - - - Coprinus comatus (O.F. Müll.) Gray Th St - + - - - - Coprinus disseminatus (Pers.) Gray Th Sh-Sl - + - - - - Coprinus micaceus (Bull.) Fr. Th Sh-Sl - + + + + + Lepiota cristata (Bolton) P. Kum Gs St - + + + Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer Gs St XXX - /+ + + + + Macrolepiota puellaris (Fr.) M.M. Moser Gs St - - - + - - Macrolepiota rhacodes (Vittad.) Singer Gs St XXX - + + + + + Family Bolbitiaceae Agrocybe pediades (Fr.) Fayod Gs St X + - - - - - Panaeolus sphinctrinus (Fr.) Quél. Th Sc + + - - + - Family Cortinariaceae Galerina marginata (Batsch) Kühne EPx Sl - + - - - - Inocybe asterospora Quél. Gm M - - + - - - Inocybe cookei Bres. Gm M †† - + - + - - Inocybe glabripes Rick Gm M - + - - - - Inocybe geophylla (Pers.) P. Kumm. Gm M - + - - + - Inocybe rimosa (Bull.) P. Kumm. Gm M †† - + + + + - Family Entolomataceae Clitopilus prunulus (Scop.) P. Kumm Gs St XXX - + + - - - Entoloma hirtipes (Schumach.) M.M. Moser Gs St - + - - - - Family Fistulinaceae Fistulina hepatica (Schaeff.) With. Ex-EPx SPl - + - - - - Family Hydnangiaceae Laccaria amethystina Cooke Gm M XX - + - + - - Laccaria laccata (Scop.) Fr. Gm M X - + - - - - Family Lycoperdaceae Bovista plumbea Pers. Gs St X + + - - - - Handkea excipuliformis (Scop.) Kreisel Gs St X + + - - - - Handkea utriformis (Bull.) Pers Gs St X + - - - - - Lycoperdon perlatum Pers Gs St - + + + + - Lycoperdon pyriforme Schaeff EPx Sl - + - - - - Family Marasmiaceae Armillaria mellea (Vahl) P. Kumm. Ex-EPx SPl XX - + - - - - Flammulina velutipes (Curtis) Singer Ex-EPx SPl X - + - - - - Marasmiellus candidus (Bolton) Singer EPx Sl - + + + - - Marasmiellus ramealis (Bull.) Singer EPx Sl - + + + - + Marasmius androsaceus (L.) Fr. Gs Sf - - + + - - Marasmius epiphylus (Pers. Ex Fr.) Fr. Gs Sf - + - - - - Marasmius cohaerens (Alb. & Schwein.) Cooke & Quél Gs Sf - + - - - - Marasmius oreades (Bolton) Fr Gp St XXX + - - - - - Marasmius rotula (Fr. Ex Scop.) Fr. EPx-Gs Sl - + - - - -

47 Marasmius wynnei Berk. & Broom Gs Sf - - + + - - Micromphale foetidum (Sowerby) Singer EPx Sl - + - - - - Micromphale brassicolens var. brassicolens (Romagn.) P.D. Orton Gs Sf - - - + - - Rhodocollybia butyracea f. butyracea (Bull.) Lenn Gs St - - + + - - Xerula radicata (Relhan) Dörfelt Gs-EPx Sl - + - - - - Family Nidulariaceae Crucibulum laeve (Huds.) Kambly EPx Sl - + - - - - Cyathus striatus (Huds.) Willd EPx-Gs Sf-Sl - + + - - - Family Pleurotaceae Pleurotus cornucopiae Paul.ex Fr. Ex-EPx SPl XX - + - - - - Family Pluteaceae - Amanita citrina var. citrina (Schaeff.) Pers. Gm M † - + - + + - Amanita muscaria var. muscaria (L.) Lam. Gm M †† - + + + + + Amanita pantherina Gonn. & Rabenh. Gm M †† - + - - - - Amanita phalloides (Vaill. Ex Fr.) Link, Gm M ††† - + + + + + Amanita rubescens var. rubescens Pers. Gm M XXX - + + + + + Amanita vaginata (Bull.) Lam. Gm M † - + - - - + Amanita spissa (Fr.) P. Kumm. Gm M X - - - + - - Pluteus cervinus P. Kumm. EPx Sl X - + - - - - Family Psathyrellaceae Coprinopsis atramentaria (Bull.) Redhead, Th St † - + - - - - Vilgalys & Moncalvo Psathyrella candolleana (Fr.) Maire Gs St X - + - - - - Family Sclerodermatacea Scleroderma verrucosum (Bull.: Pers.) Pers Gm M † + - - - - Family Schizophyllaceae Schizophyllum commune Fr. Ex-EPx SPl - + - + - - Family Strophariaceae Hypholoma capnoides (Fr.) P. Kumm. EPx Sl - - + + - - Hypholoma fasciculare (Huds.) P. Kumm EPx Sl † - + + + + - Stropharia aeruginosa (Curtis) Quél. Gs St - - + + + - Family Tricholomataceae Clitocybe alexandri (Gillet) Konrad Gs St - - - + - - Clitocybe candicans (Pers.) P. Kumm. Gs Sf - - - + + - Clitocybe dealbata (Sowerby) Gillet Gs Sf ††† + - - - - - Clitocybe gibba (Pers.) P. Kumm Gs Sf X - - + + + - Clitocybe inornata (Sowerby) Gillet Gs Sf - - + - - - Clitocybe nebularis (Batsch) Quél. Gs St - + - - - - Clitocybe odora (Bull.) P. Kumm Gs Sf X - + + + + + Gymnopus confluens (Pers.) Antonín Gs Sf - + - - + - Gymnopus dryophilus (Bull.) Murrill Gs Sf X - + + + + + Gymnopus fusipes (Bull.) Gray Ex-EPx SPl - + - - - - Gymnopus peronatus (Bolton) Antonín Gs Sf - + + + + + Hygrocybe chlorophana (Fr.) Wünsche Gs St X + - - - - - Hygrocybe coccinea (Schaeff.) P. Kumm. Gs St X + - - - - - Hygrocybe conica (Scop.) P. Kumm. Gs St X + - + + - - Hygrocybe psittacina (Schaeff.) P. Kumm. Gs St + - + - - - Lepista irina (Fr.) H.E. Bigelow Gs St - + - - - - Lepista inversa (Scop.) Pat. Gs St X - - + + + + Melanoleuca grammopodia (Bull.) Murrill Gs St X - + - - - - Megacollybia platyphylla (Pers.) Kotl. & Pouzar EPx Sl - + - - - - Mycena epipterygia var. epipterygia (Scop.) Gray EPx Sl - + + + + + Mycena galericulata (Scop.) Gray Ex-EPx SPl - + - - - - Mycena inclinata (Fr.) Quél. Ex-EPx SPl - + - - - - Mycena polygramma (Bull.) Gray Ex-EPx SPl - + - - - - Mycena pura (Pers.) P. Kumm Gs Sf - + + + + -

48 Mycena rosea (Schumach.) Grambe Gs Sf - - - + - - Mycena vitilis (Fr.) Quél. Gs St - + - - - - Tricholoma myomyces (Pers.) J.E. Lange Gm M - + - - - - Tricholoma portentosum (Fr.) Quél Gm M - - - + - - Tricholomopsis rutilans (Schaeff.) Singer EPx Sl - - - - - + Order Auriculariales Family Auriculariaceae Auricularia auricula-judae (Fr.) Quél. EPx Sl X - + - - - - Auricularia mesenterica (Dicks.) Pers. Ex-EPx SPl - + - - - - Order Boletales Family Boletacea Boletus aereus Bull Gm M XXX - + - - - - Boletus badius (Fr.) Fr. Gm M XX - - - + - - Boletus edulis Bull. Gm M XXX - - + + - - Boletus chrysenteron Bull. Gm M X - + + + + + Boletus ferrugineus Boud. Gm M X - + - - - - Boletus luridus Schaeff. Gm M + - - - - Boletus queletii Schulzer Gm M X Family Coniophoraceae Coniophora puteana (Schumach.) P. Karst. EPx Sl - + - - - - Family Gomphidiaceae Chroogomphus helveticus (Singer) M.M. Moser Gm M - - - + - - Chroogomphus rutilus (Schaeff.) O.K. Mil Gm M X - - - + + - Gomphidius glutinosus (Schaeff.) Fr. Gm M XX - - - - + - Family Hygrophoropsidaceae Tapinella atrotomentosa (Batsch) Šutara EPx Sl - - - + + - Family Paxillaceae Paxillus filamentosus Fr. Gm M - + - - - - Paxillus involutus (Batsch) Fr. Gm M - + - - - - Family Suillus bovinus (Pers.) Kuntze Gm M X - - - + - - Suillus collinitus (Fr.) Kuntze Gm M X - - - - + - Suillus granulatus (L.) Snell Gm M X - - - - + - Suillus grevillei (Klotzsch) Singer Gm M X - - - - - + Suillus tridentinus (Bres.) Singer Gm M X - - - - - + Order Cantharellales Family Cantharellaceae Cantharellus cibarius Fr. Gm M XXX - - + + - - Cantharellus tubaeformis (Bull.) Fr Gm M XXX - - + + - - Order Dacrymycetales Family Dacrymycetaceae Calocera viscosa (Pers.) Fr. EPx Sl - + - - - - Order Hymenomycetales - - Family Hymenomycetaceae - - Coltricia perennis (L.) Murrill Gs St - - + - -- - Hymenochaete rubiginosa (Dicks.) Lév EPX Sl - + - - - - Family Schizoporaceae Hyphodontia quercina (Pers.) J. Erikss EPX Sl - + - - - - Order Phallales Family Geastraceae Geastrum fimbriatum Fr Gs St - + + + + - Geastrum striatum DC. Gs St - - + + - - Family Gomphaceae Ramaria stricta (Pers.) Quél. EPx Sl - + - - - - Ramaria apiculata (Fr.) Donk EPx Sl - - + + - -

49 Order Polyporales Family Corticiaceae Corticium laeve Fr. EPx Sl - + - - - - Family Fomitopsidaceae Daedalea quercina (L.) Pers. Ex-EPx SPl - + - - - - Fomitopsis pinicola (Sw.) P. Karst. Ex-EPx SPl - - + + + FamilyGanodermataceae Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.) Pat Ex-EPx SPl - + - - - - Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst. Ex-EPx SPl - + - - - - FamilyGloeophyllaceae - - - Gloeophyllum abietinum (Bull.) P. Karst. Ex-EPx SPl - - - + - - Gloeophyllum odoratum (Wulfen) Imazeki Ex-EPx SPl - + + + + + Gloeophyllum sepiarium (Wulfen) P. Karst EPx Sl - - - + - - FamilyHapalopilaceae Bjerkandera adusta (Willd.) P. Karst. EPx Sl - + + + + + FamilyHyphodermataceae Hyphoderma puberum (Fr.) Wallr. EPx Sl - + - - - - Family Meruliaceae Merulius corium Fr. EPX Sl - + - - - - Merulius tremellosus Schrad Epx-EPx SPl - + - - - - Family Polyporaceae Cerrena unicolor (Bull.) Murrill Ex-EPx SPl - + - - - - Daedaleopsis confragosa (Bolton) J. Schröt. Ex-EPx SPl - + - - - - - Fomes fomentarius (L. ) J.J.Kickx Ex Pl - + - - - - Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull.) Murrill Ex Pl X - + - - - - Lenzites betulina f. variegata (Fr.) Donk EPx Sl - + - - - Phaeolus schweinitzii (Fr.) Ex Pl - - + - - - Polyporus arcularius (Batsch) Fr. EPx Sl - + - - - - Polyporus varius (Pers.) Fr Ex-EPx SPL + - - - - Lentinus strigosus (Schwein.) Fr. Ex-EPx SPl Skeletocutis nivea (Jungh.) Jean Keller EPx Sl - + - - - - Trametes gibbosa (Pers.) Fr. EPx Sl - + - - - - Trametes hirsuta (Wulfen) Pilá EPx Sl - + - - - - Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd EPx Sl - + + + + + Trametes pubescens (Schumach.) Pilát Ex-EPx SPl - + - - - - Order Russulales Family Bondarzewiaceae Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref Ex-EPx SPl - - + + + + Family Peniophoraceae - Peniophora laeta (Fr.) Donk EPx Sl - + - - - - FamilyRussulaceae Lactarius deliciosus (L.) Gray Gm M X - - + - - - Lactarius deterrimus Gröger Gm M X - - - + - - Lactarius vellereus (Fr.) Fr. Gm M X - + - - - - Russula albonigra (Krombh.) Fr. Gm M - + + - - - Russula adusta (Pers.) Fr. Gm M - + - - - - Russula alutacea (Fr.) Fr. Gm M - + - - - - Russula atropurpurea (Krombh.) Britzelm Gm M X - + - - - - Russula cyanoxantha (Schaeff.) Fr Gm M XX - + + + + - Russula delica Fr Gm M XX - + - - - - Russula fellea (Fr.) Fr., Gm M - + - - - - Russula foetens (Pers.) Pers. Gm M - + + + + - Russula grisea (Batsch) Fr. Gm M X - + - - - - Russula heterophylla (Fr.) Fr. Gm M XX - + + + + - Russula integra var. integra (L.) Fr. Gm M X - - + + + +

50 Russula nauseosa (Pers.) Fr., Gm M X - - - + - - Russula ionochlora Romagn. Gm M - + - - - - Russula nigricans (Bull.) Fr. Gm M - + - - - - Russula rhodopoda Zvara Gm M - + - Russula sanguinaria (Schumach.) Rauschert Gm M †† - + - - - - Russula sardonia Fr. Gm M - - - - + - Russula turci Bres. Gm M - - - - + - Russula sororia Fr. Gm M - + - - + - Russula vesca Fr. Gm M XX + - + - - Russula virescens (Schaeff.) Fr Gm M XXX - + + + - - Family Stereaceae - - - Aleurodiscus croceus Pat. EPx Sl - + - - - - Stereum hirsutum (Willd.) Pers Ex-EPx SPl - + - - - - Xylobolus frustulatus (Pers.) Boidin Ex-EPx SPl - + - - - - Chondrostereum purpureum (Pers.) Pouza EPx Sl - + - - - - Order Thelephorales FamilyThelephoraceae Thelephora terrestris Ehrh. GM M - + - - - - Subclass Tremellomycetidae, Order Tremellales Fam Exidiaceae Exidia glandulosa (Bull.) Fr. Ex-EPx SPl - + - - - - Exidia saccharina Fr. EPx Sl - - + - - - Family Tremellaceae Tremella mesenterica Retz EPx Sl - + - - - - Total 195 12 140 55 65 42 2 2 Biological form Gm - mycetogeophyta mycorrhiza (micorrhizant mushrooms) 61 (31%) 38 17 26 19 8 Gs - mycetogeophyta saprophytica (saprophyte 49 (25%) 10 28 23 23 12 6 mushrooms whose mycelium is in the soil or in places characterized by plenty of remains of herbaceous plants, fruit, and leaves fell down) Gp – mycetogeophyta parasitica (mushrooms 1 1 whose mycelium is in the underground plant organs) (0,5 %) Th – mycetotherophyta (short living mushrooms) 5 (2,6 %) 1 5 1 1 2 1 EPx – mycetoepixilophyta (mushrooms whose 46 (24%) 42 9 10 5 5 life cycle takes place on dead wood) EPx-Gs – mycetoepixilophyta - 3 (1,5%) 3 1 mycetogeophyta saprophytica Ex – mycetonedoxilophyta (mushrooms whose 3 (1,5 %) 2 1 life cycle takes place in the body of the wooden plants) Ex-EPx - mycetonedoxilophyta - 27 (14%) 23 3 5 3 2 mycetoepixilophyta Ecological category M - mycorrhizal species 61 38 17 26 19 8 Sf - saprothrophic species on leaf 16 1 7 7 10 7 3 St - saprothrophic species on soil or humus 36 10 24 16 13 6 3 Sc - coprophilous species 1 1 1 1 Sl - saprothrophic species on dead wood 48 43 9 10 4 5 SPl - saproparasite species on wood 27 23 3 5 3 2 Pl - parasite species on living trees 3 2 1 Sh-Sl - saprothrophic on humus or on dead wood 1 2 1 1 1 1 Sf-Sl - saprothrophic on leaf or on dead wood 2 1 1 Food values 57 9 31 19 24 16 10 X – eatable with little food value 35 7 16 9 11 10 7 XX - eatable with a lot of food value 11 9 2 6 3

51 XXX - eatable with great food value 11 2 6 8 7 3 3 Inedible – without sign 125 2 97 22 35 21 9 Toxicity 13 1 12 4 6 5 3 † - mushrooms wich cause gastrointestinal 6 6 1 2 2 1 intoxication †† - mushrooms wich cause intoxication of the 5 5 2 3 2 1 nervos system ††† - mushrooms wich cause fatal intoxication 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 Habitat: 1 - maedow, 2 - oak hornbeam forest, 3 - collection - genus Abies (firs), 4 - collection - genus Picea (spruces),5 - collection - genus Pinus (pines), 6 - collection - genus Larix (larchs).

Tremellales 3 Rezumat Thelephorales 1 În lucrare sunt prezentate cercetările Russulales 29 Polyporales 26 realizate între anii 1998-2004, privind diversitatea Phallales 4 macromicetelor din Arboretumul Dofteana, din Hymenomycetales 3 Dacrymycetales 1 judeţul Bacău. Au fost identificate un număr de 195 Cantharellales 2 de specii de macromicete din regnul Fugi, care se Boletales 20 Auriculariales 2 incadrează în 2 încrengături, 2 clase, 14 ordine, 48 Agaricales 91 de familii, 95 de genuri. Din Ascomycota au fost Xylariales 7 Pezizales 2 identificate 13 specii ce aparţin la 10 genuri, 4 Helotiales 4 Ascomycota Basidiomycota familii, 3 ordine şi 3 subclase. Macromicetele din 0 102030405060708090100 încrengătura Basidiomycota aparţin la 85 de genuri, Fig.1 - The number of species on orders 44 familii, 11 ordine, 2 subclase. Genurile cu pondere semnificativă sunt: Russula - 21 specii, Amanita -7 specii, Clitocybe - 7 specii. Analiza 70 numerică a macromicetelor în funcţie de formaţia 60 vegetală relevă faptul că cele mai multe specii au fost 50 colectate din pădurea de foioase ( 140 specii, 72%) 40 30 Spectrul formelor biologice este dominat de 20 mycetogeophyte – 57 %, iar spectrul ecologic este 10 dominat de speciile saprofite – 104 (53 %), urmate 0 Gm Gp Gs Th EPx Ex-EPx EPx-Gs Ex de speciile micorizante - 61 (31 %). Series1 611495462733 Din puct de vedere economic predomină speciile necomestibile - 125 specii (64 %), urmate de Fig.2 - Bioforms spectrum of the macromycetes cele comestibile – 57 specii (29 %) şi toxice - 13 specii (7 %). Conclusions Din zona studiată, menţionez următoarele The study was carried out through six years in specii caracteristice: Agaricus silvicola (Vitt.) Peck, the Dofteana Arboretum. Amanita rubescens var. rubescens Pers., Boletus The 195 species of macromycetes identified chrysenteron Bull., Gymnopus dryophilus (Bull.) belong to: 2 phylums, 2 classes (13 -Ascomycetes Murrill, Inocybe rimosa (Bull.) P. Kumm., and 182 -Basidiomycetes), 14 orders, 48 families, 95 Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer, Mycena pura genera. (Pers.) P. Kumm., Russula foetens (Pers.) Pers., The macromycetes species belong to 8 Russula turci Bres., Suillus granulatus (L.) Snell, biological forms and 9 ecological categories. The din sinuzia tericolă; Armillaria mellea (Vahl) P. bioforms spectrum is dominated by Kumm., Hypholoma fasciculare (Huds.) P. Kumm., mycetogeophytes – 57 % and the ecological spectrum Stereum hirsutum (Willd.) Pers., Trametes is dominated by saprotrophic species – 104 (53 %), versicolor (L.) Lloyd. din sinuzia epixilă. From the economic importance point of view the most numerous are the inedible species – 125 Acknowledgments (65%), followed by the edible species – 57 (29 %) I want want to express my gratitude towards and toxic 13 (7 %). Professor Doina Toma who put at my disposal The mycological material was preserved and specific literature. introduced in the collection of Macromycetes of the The research was financial support by the the Museum of Natural Sciences in Bacău. Bacau County Council.

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