INDIVIDUAL EQUIPMENT NW reduces time on target and greatly re - first aid, survival, signaling and communi - AND duces the risk of fratricide by allowing for cations equipment; body armor tailored to immediate feedback of battlefield effects, each aircrew member; the aircrew inte - The soldier is the Army’s most deployed reducing the use of voice communication, grated helmet system with a communica - combat system and the most essential clearing the fog of battle by displaying a tion enhancement and protection system in the Army’s . Program Ex - real-time common operating picture (COP), to provide hear-through capability; over- ecutive Office (PEO) Soldier was activated and providing immediate command and water survival equipment, which includes in October 2002 to equip the soldier as a control. personal flotation, an emergency escape system through centralized development, The centerpiece capability of NW is the breathing device and body-mounted life acquisition, fielding and sustainment of vir - ability to graphically display the location of raft; and microclimate cooling system tually everything the soldier wears or car - fellow NW-equipped soldiers on a person - (MCS) , a mix of platform-mounted and ries. PEO Soldier is the first organization in ally worn end-user device (EUD). NW can soldier-mounted cooling gear that in - U.S. Army history to be charged with the also enable communications and provide creases mission endurance under extreme mission to treat the soldier as a system. All vital situational awareness throughout mul - heat by more than 350 percent. aspects of soldier equipment are integrated, tiple echelons through the joint capabilities The MCS also supports Army , modular, interoperable and mission-tai - release and joint battle command platform Abrams and Bradley ground forces; Navy lorable. This focused effort has led to the systems. A graphical user interface inte - and Marine Corps M9 Armored Combat most lethal and survivable ground force in grates this into a user-defined format that Earthmover (ACE); and foreign militaries. modern warfare. allows soldiers to see, understand and in - To date, the Army has fielded more than teract easily in the method that best suits 16,000 systems. Project Manager Soldier Warrior them and the mission. The Portable Helicopter Oxygen Deliv - Project Manager Soldier Warrior (PM NW consists of an EUD coupled with the ery System (PHODS) is a soldier-worn sys - SWAR) supports soldiers through the ac - joint tactical radio system (JTRS) radio. It tem that delivers compressed oxygen from quisition of integrated systems. Current sys - connects commercial smart devices using a lightweight steel bottle attached to the tems include , , Sol - the Android operating system to the radio. AW vest. The system provides oxygen via a dier Power, and Tactical Communication and The device’s ability to run applications and nasal cannula up to 18,000 feet and via a Protective Systems (TCAPS). PM SWAR’s process data transforms the radio into a dis - mask at altitudes above 18,000 feet. The product managers and directors develop mounted leader situational-awareness and Army has fielded more than 3,000 PHODS. and integrate components into complete command-and-control tool. NW entered the The Electronic Data Manager (EDM) is a systems designed to increase combat effec - technology development phase in February touch screen, knee-board computer for air - tiveness, decrease combat load and im - 2009. It achieved Milestone C and low-rate crew members. It enables them to plan mis - prove mission flexibility. initial production status in April 2012. sions quickly and react to possible flight mission changes. The EDM is compatible Product Manager Ground Soldier Product Manager Air Warrior with night-vision goggles and is readable in Product Manager Ground Soldier man - Air Warrior (AW) is a modular, inte - direct sunlight. It features a moving map ages the Nett Warrior (NW) program. NW grated, rapidly reconfigurable combat air - and Blue Force tracking. More than 2,700 builds upon Land Warrior as an integrated, crew ensemble that saves lives and maxi - fielded EDM systems support the Army, dismounted soldier situational awareness mizes Army aircrew mission performance. Navy, Marine Corps and foreign militaries. system for combat operations. The system The Army has equipped more than 20,000 The Encrypted Aircraft Wireless Inter - provides unparalleled situational aware - Army aircrew members with the system. com System (EAWIS) provides secure, ness and understanding to the dismounted AW increases personal protection and hands-free, wireless aircrew communica - soldier, resulting in faster and more accu - mission performance. It consists of a pri - tions for nonrated aircrew members. It rate decision making in the tactical fight. mary survival gear carrier that includes gives them mobility inside and around the immediate vicinity of the aircraft. EAWIS provides the first true aircraft intercom ca - pability for medical evacuation helicopter personnel during rescue hoist missions. It consists of an aircraft-mounted interface unit and crewmember-worn mobile equip - ment units. The Survival Kit, Ready Access, Mod- ular (SKRAM) gives aircrews a readily accessible, 72-hour suite of life-support equipment. A flame-retardant, modular and configurable backpack houses SKRAM, along with supplemental survival gear for extreme environmental conditions. The Air Soldier System program for - mally entered into the engineering and manufacturing development phase in De - cember 2011. It has a requirement to reduce aircrew member weight and bulk while im - proving safety and situational awareness and mission duration. Air Soldier fielding will happen in two increments. The first will be in fiscal year (FY) 2015 and includes several capabilities. Nett Warrior The Common Helmet Mounted Display

October 2013 I ARMY 349 System with integrated head tracking will A Layered Clothing Ensemble (LCE) in - operational environment. These capabilities provide all Army aviators, except AH-64 troduces an active heating capability. It also include soldier power sources, power scav - Apache crews, with critical day/night flight reduces the bulk and weight of the current enging, renewable energy, power distribu - and 3-D degraded visual environment flight AW aircrew flexible body armor, cooling tion, power management and power stor - symbology. Apache aviators will receive vest, chemical/biological protective gar - age solutions that are lightweight and this capability with the second increment of ment, survival vest components and cold- soldier-portable/wearable. Air Soldier. water immersion protective garments. In the past, the equipment soldiers car - The Lightweight Environmental Con - The second and final delivery of Air ried into battle had a low-power require - trol System delivers a cooling capability to Soldier capability in FY 2018 will fully re - ment that could be supplied with a few OH-58D aviators and was previously un - place AW. It will include the Wide Field of conventional batteries. Emerging technolo - available because of the space, weight and View/High Resolution Helmet Mounted gies mean new power-consuming systems, power constraints inherent in the Kiowa Display , incorporating 3-D degraded vi - and their batteries add to a soldier’s load. Warrior. sual environment symbology for AH-64 PD SSI is addressing how to reduce that The soldier-worn Integrated Soldier Apache aviators; Radio Interface Control load and eliminate the logistical footprint Power and Data System (ISPDS) is a smart, Module (RICM) , which combines the associated with battery resupply. Soldier on-aircraft-rechargeable, single source of ex - functionality of—and replaces—the sol - Power is working on several initiatives. tended duration power for all aircrew- dier-worn encrypted aircraft wireless in - The Soldier Worn Integrated Power Sys - worn electronics. Developed in coopera - tercom system transceiver and combat sur - tem (SWIPES) provides a central power tion with the Product Lead for Soldier vivor evader locator survival radio and source for extended mission duration when Power, the ISPDS eliminates the need to adds a wireless data capability; Enhanced used with the ergonomic soldier-worn con - wear and carry separate sets and types of Laser Eye Protection (ELEP) , which pro - formal battery. It reduces the number and batteries and spares. vides increased wavelength protection in a varieties of batteries a soldier carries. Air Soldier also includes the Personal spectacle or visor configuration; and Inte - SWIPES provides power for up to four de - Electronics Control and Display System grated Protective Ensemble (IPE) , which vices. They include, but are not limited to, a (PECDS) consisting of a personal display fully replaces the legacy AW gear carriage radio via a smart charging pouch, a USB module (PDM), soldier computer module and body armor system. The IPE reduces hub to power any USB device, a Defense (SCM) and mission display module (MDM). weight and bulk by using electro-textile Advanced Global Positioning System (GPS) The soldier-worn PDM is the single user in - technology to eliminate heavy electrical Receiver (DAGR) and an end-user device terface and dismounted display for all power/data cabling, eliminating the body- such as Nett Warrior. body-mounted electronic equipment. The mounted raft, reducing the size and The Conformal Battery is an ergonomic, PDM reduces bulk and weight by eliminat - weight of breathing devices, and integrat - soldier-worn battery. It provides a light - ing the need for separate hardware control ing personal flotation. weight central source of power for a variety and display components. of capabilities. The SCM provides a single processing Product Director Soldier Systems The Soldier Power Manager is a light - and data storage device for all soldier- and Integration weight, portable power management sys - worn electronics. It reduces bulk and The Product Director Soldier Systems tem that uses power from primary batteries weight by replacing separate component and Integration (PD SSI) oversees the Sol - while also managing power from solar, ve - processors. The aircraft-mounted MDM re - dier Power program, which is a vital en - hicle and fuel cell sources. places the AW EDM in the nondigitized abler for operations. It is essential for patrols The Rucksack Enhanced Portable Power rotary-wing fleet. It interfaces with plat - and required for soldier sustainment. Pro - System is a solar power energy system that form sensors for mission execution, in - viding energy-alternative capabilities and supplies power to the individual or team. cluding situational awareness and com - interoperability builds flexibility and re - Soldiers can also carry it in an assault pack. mand-and-control messaging through Blue silience. This increases the ability to respond The Modular Universal Battery Charger Force Tracking. to changes in operational demands and the (MUBC) with a 120-watt solar blanket weighs approximately 6 pounds. It brings recharging capabilities for the entire net - worked squad in a Tier 1 environment. This charger reduces—and potentially elim - inates—the need to return to the for ward operating base for recharging. The MUBC allows soldiers to extend their mission du - ration without needing a logistics battery resupply. The 1-Kilowatt JP8 Generator allows sol - diers to use existing logistics infrastructure Rucksack while providing a lightweight and portable Enhanced Portable power solution. The Army is developing a Power System multifuel-compatible capability. The Tactical Communication and Pro - tective System (TCAPS) provides concur - rent hearing protection and auditory situa - tional awareness. In the past, soldiers had to choose either hearing or force protection. As a combat force multiplier, TCAPS main - tains hearing protection while enabling sol - diers to use existing tactical radios. This re - sults in increased mission effectiveness, safety and survivability.

350 ARMY I October 2013 Active hearing-protection technology, coupled with hearing-attenuation technol - ogy, enables soldiers wearing TCAPS to hear in steady state and impulse environ - ments. TCAPS’ ambient-sound capability provides soldiers with localized, 360-degree acoustic situational awareness. An increase in soldier use of hearing pro - tection devices will result in a reduction of hearing injuries and subsequent post-ser - vice disabilities. According to a General Ac - counting Office report, in FY 2009 “some of AN/PSQ-20 the most common impairments for veterans Enhanced Night receiving disability benefits were hearing- Vision Goggle related. Annual payments for such condi - tions exceeded $1.1 billion.” The rapid fielding initiative is issuing an early version of TCAPS to deploying units. The TCAPS program of record will seek to offer a lighter, more interoperable, non- radio-dependent materiel solution. Soldier Systems and Integration is planned for Mile - stone C in FY 2013.

Project Manager Soldier Sensors and Lasers Project Manager Soldier Sensors and The AN/AVS-6 Aviator’s Night Vision The Family of Weapon Sights (FWS) Lasers (PM SSL) provides soldier-borne Imaging System (ANVIS) is a third-gener - program provides soldiers with networked sensors and lasers. These devices enhance ation, helmet-mounted, direct-view, image- individual, crew-served and sniper weapons the soldier’s ability to see and dominate in intensification device. Aviators who wear it sensor capability. This allows for signifi - all battlefield and lighting conditions. The operate more effectively and safely during cantly reduced target engagement times, in - sensors and lasers acquire objects of mili - low light and degraded battlefield condi - creased identification ranges and reduced tary significance before the enemy can de - tions. The low-light sensitivity represents a weight throughout all visibility conditions. tect a soldier. They also accurately target 35 to 40 percent improvement over the ear - FWS systems use uncooled FLIR, wireless threats to soldiers and guide munitions to liest ANVIS. In addition, the gated power technologies and additional features to engagement. These systems provide criti - supply enables operation at significantly improve offensive firing capabilities, de - cal, on-the-ground direct support to U.S. higher light levels than previous designs. crease transition time between mobility forces. The AN/PAS-13 Thermal Weapon Sight and targeting sensors, and improve firing (TWS) gives soldiers with individual and accuracy. Product Manager Soldier Maneuver crew-served weapons the ability to see The FWS has three variants: FWS-Indi - Sensors deep into the battlefield. It gives them in - vidual (FWS-I) for use with M16/M4 series The Product Manager Soldier Maneuver creased surveillance and target acquisition and carbines, the M249 Squad Auto - Sensors (PM SMS) is responsible for devel - range as well as the ability to penetrate ob - matic Weapon, the M136 Light Anti-Armor oping and equipping soldiers with sensors scurants, day or night. The TWS systems Weapon and M141 Bunker Defeat Muni - and lasers, which help them dominate the use uncooled, forward-looking infrared tions; FWS-Crew-Served (FWS-CS) for use battlefield through improved lethality, mo - (FLIR) technology. The sight provides a with M240B series medium machine bility and survivability in all weather and standard video output for training or re - and the M2 HB/Mk 19 machine guns; and visibility conditions. mote viewing. TWS are lightweight sys - FWS-Sniper (FWS-S) for use with M110, The AN/PSQ-20 Enhanced Night Vision tems mounted onto each weapon’s rail. M107 and XM2010 sniper rifles. Goggle (ENVG) provides increased capa - They operate to the weapon’s maximum The AN/PVS-30 Clip-On Sniper Night bility by incorporating image intensifica - effective range. In 2013, deliveries of TWS Sight (CoSNS) is a lightweight, in-line, tion and long-wave infrared sensors into a included 17-micron technology. This will weapon-mounted sight. Soldiers use it in single, helmet-mounted passive device. The result in size, weight and power improve - conjunction with the day optic sight on the ENVG combines the visual detail in low- ments over present configurations. M110 SASS and the XM2010 Enhanced light conditions provided by image intensi - The TWS family includes three variants Sniper (ESR). It employs a variable fication with the thermal sensor’s ability to for different weapons. The AN/PAS-13(V)1 gain image tube that snipers can adjust to see through fog, dust and foliage. This ther - Light Weapon Thermal Sight (LWTS) works ambient light levels. mal capability makes the ENVG, unlike with the M16/M4 series rifles and carbines When used in conjunction with the M110 earlier night-vision devices, useful during and the M136 Light Anti-Armor Weapon. or XM2010 day optical sight, the CoSNS the day as well as at night. The two variants The AN/PAS-13(V)2 Medium Weapon provides personnel-sized target recognition are the AN/PSQ-20A and the AN/PSQ- Thermal Sight (MWTS) works with the at quarter-moon illumination in clear air to 20B. M249 Squad Automatic Weapon (SAW)/ a range of 600 meters. The integrated rail The AN/PVS-14 Monocular Night Vi - M240B series medium machine guns. The adapter attaches directly to the Military sion Device (MNVD) is a head- or helmet- AN/PAS-13(V)3 Heavy Weapon Thermal Standard (MIL-STD)-1913 rail for quick and mounted passive device. It amplifies ambi - Sight (HWTS) works with the squad leader’s easy mounting to, or dismounting from, the ent light and very near infrared energy for weapon M16/M4 series rifles and carbines, weapon. Using the CoSNS does not affect night operations. Soldiers use it in conjunc - M24/M107 sniper rifles and M2 HB/Mk 19 the zero state of the day optical sight. It al - tion with rifle-mounted aiming lights. machine guns. lows the M110 Semi-Automatic Sniper Sys -

October 2013 I ARMY 351 tem (SASS) and XM2010 to maintain bore engage targets on the battlefield and in servation and lasing teams, and scouts sight throughout the focus range of the close-quarters combat. The Army fields it to with a precision target-location and laser- CoSNS and the weapon system’s day opti - military police units. designation system. It allows them to call cal sights. The LA-8/P Aircrew Laser Pointer (ALP) for fire using precision, near-precision and The Multifunction Aiming Light (MFAL) is a finger-mounted laser. It has the capabil - area munitions. It is a crew-served, man - family includes the AN/PEQ-15 Advanced ity to direct fire, identify friend and foe, and portable, modular target locator and laser Target Pointer Illuminator Aiming Light signal adjacent formations during night op - designation system. (ATPIAL), the AN/PEQ-15A Dual Beam erations. Soldiers can mount it on a fire-re - The primary components of the AN/ Aiming Laser-Advanced 2 (DBAL-A2), and sistant fabric designed to attach to the air - PED-1 are the target locator module (TLM) the AN/PEQ-16B Mini-Integrated Pointer crew member’s glove. Because soldiers and the laser designator module (LDM). Illuminator Module (MIPIM). wear it on the hand, it does not interfere The TLM incorporates a thermal imager, The AN/PEQ-15 and AN/PEQ-15A class with aircraft operation. The master arming day camera, laser-designator spot imaging, 3B MFAL devices replaced the AN/PAQ- switch allows a high-power (Class IIIb) or electronic display, eye-safe laser range- 4C. The infrared (IR) and visible aiming low-power (Class I) infrared laser opera - finder, digital magnetic compass, selective lasers are co-aligned. Soldiers can use the tion. A momentary fire button allows easy availability/anti-spoof ing module global visible laser to bore-sight the device to a activation with the thumb to initiate a light- positioning system (SAASM GPS), and digi - weapon without the need of night-vision emitting diode (LED). The ALP incorpo - tal export capability. goggles. The IR lasers emit a highly colli - rates a laser diode that projects a pinpoint The Army is fielding a new compact laser mated beam of IR light for precise weapon beam that is brighter and more defined designator with the LLDR 2. It requires less aiming and a separate, IR-illuminating laser than other lasers. power and operates on one common single- with adjustable focus. Soldiers can select a The Green Laser Interdiction System channel ground and airborne radio system visible red-dot aiming laser to provide pre - (GLIS) is a rifle-mounted laser that allows (SINCGARS) battery. cise weapon aiming during operations at soldiers to interdict hostile actions through PM SPTD developed the LLDR 2H to any time of the day. nonlethal effects. Soldiers use it to divert, provide a precision targeting capability to Soldiers can use the AN/PEQ-15 and disrupt or delay potential threats before the dismounted soldier. It integrates a celes - AN/PEQ-15A IR lasers as handheld illumi - they can engage friendly forces. It is also an tial navigation system with the digital mag - nator pointers or weapon-mount them with effective, nonlethal means to warn civilians netic compass in the TLM to provide highly the included hardware. They can use these that they are approaching a zone of military accurate target coordinates. Soldiers can units with night-vision equipment to en - operations. use the TLM as a stand-alone device or in gage enemy targets at night. The AN/PEQ- conjunction with the LDM. 16B incorporates the function of the AN/ Product Manager Soldier Precision By using the TLM, soldiers can recognize PEQ-15 with aiming lasers and a white Targeting Devices targets more than 7 kilometers away during light capability. This eliminates the need for The Product Manager Soldier Precision day operations. At night and in obscured a separate weapon-mounted white light. Targeting Devices (PM SPTD) develops battlefield conditions, soldiers can recognize The AN/PEQ-14 Integrated Laser White and equips soldiers with portable precision vehicle-sized targets at more than 3 kilome - Light Pointer (ILWLP) is a small, light - targeting systems (locators, designators and ters. The LDM emits coded laser pulses com - weight device soldiers can hold or mount entry devices). Joint force scouts, forward patible with DoD and NATO laser-guided on the M9 pistol with a MIL-STD-1913 rail observers and joint terminal attack con - munitions. Soldiers can designate targets at adapter. It combines the functions of a trollers across the full spectrum of opera - ranges greater than 5 kilometers. white-light flashlight with adjustable focus, tions use the equipment. The Laser Target Locator (LTL) provides visible aiming and infrared aiming lasers, The AN/PED-1 Lightweight Laser Des - daylight and limited night capabilities to and IR illuminator into one system. Sol - ignator Rangefinder (LLDR) provides dis - locate targets accurately and transmit tar - diers use the ILWLP with the M9 pistol to mounted fire support teams, combat ob - get data. These are commercial off-the- shelf, handheld or tripod-mounted, light - weight laser target locators. PM SPTD designed them to deliver target data to the fire support and maneuver command, con - trol, communications, computers and - ligence (C4I) system. The Vector 21 is a binocular laser range- finder (BLRF) with an embedded digital compass. Soldiers can use it in combination with the AN/PVS-14 night vision goggles for limited night capability. Combined with a precision lightweight GPS receiver (PLGR) or a DAGR, the system can compute and display targets. The Mark VII integrates a monocular di - rect-view optic, an image intensifier, a la- ser rangefinder and a digital compass into a day/night target location device. The MARK VII provides a limited night capabil - ity. Combined with a PLGR or a DAGR, the system can compute and display targets. The Mark VIIE is an improved Mark VII. In addition to the Mark VII’s capabilities, it features a more powerful 8x day optic, an AN/PEQ-14 Integrated Laser White Light Pointer uncooled thermal sight for increased night

352 ARMY I October 2013 performance and an embedded GPS re - ceiver for greater accuracy. The Target Reconnaissance Infrared Geo- locating Range Finder (TRIGR) incorpo - rates a 7x direct-view optic and an improved uncooled thermal sight for increased sight range. It also features a laser rangefinder, a digital compass and embedded GPS to de - termine target location. The Joint Effects Targeting System (JETS) is an Army-led, joint interest pro - gram with the Air Force and Marine Corps to develop and field a manportable target - ing system that forward observers and joint terminal attack controllers can use. JETS provides the dismounted forward observer and joint terminal attack controller with the ability to acquire, locate, mark and desig - nate targets for precision GPS-guided and laser-guided munitions. It provides connec - tivity to the joint forces through fire and close air support digital planning/messag - ing devices. The AN/PSQ-23 Small Tactical Optical Rifle-Mounted (STORM) Micro-Laser Rangefinder (MLRF) is a lightweight, mul - tifunctional laser system. It operates on in - dividual and crew-served weapons, the AN/PSQ-23 Small Tactical Optical Rifle-Mounted Micro-Laser Rangefinder Stryker remote weapons station, and the Common Remotely Operated Weapons Sta - tion (CROWS). It combines the functional - Enduring Freedom Camouflage Pattern ASU, but soldiers must also wear the ser - ity of a laser rangefinder, the AN/PEQ-2A (OCP) replaced the pixelated Universal vice cap. Commanders have the discretion infrared aiming laser and illuminator, the Camouflage Pattern (UCP). OCP is more ef - to determine if corporals and above should multiple integrated laser engagement sys - fective in Afghanistan’s varied visual envi - wear either the service cap or the beret. Sol - tem (MILES), a digital compass, and a visi - ronments. The first soldiers to receive OCP diers can wear the windbreaker, all-weather ble pointer into a single system. The system were deployed in August 2010. Soldiers al - coat, overcoat and sweaters with the ASU. can compute and display targets when ready in theater received theirs that fall. In Soldiers can wear the new Combat Ser - combined with a PLGR or DAGR. August 2012, the OCP uniforms included vice Identification Badge (CSIB) on their an improved fabric and several design ASUs to honor the heritage and traditions Project Manager Soldier Protection changes that made them easier to wear and of combat service. The CSIB replicates the and Individual Equipment more durable in rugged terrain. former Wartime Service Shoulder Sleeve In - The Project Manager Soldier Protection The Army Service Uniform (ASU) is a signia on the ACU. The green leaders tab and Individual Equipment (PM SPIE ) de - traditional uniform that fully embodies cannot be worn on the ASU. velops and fields advanced soldier protec - utility, simplicity and quality. The ASU is The ASU first appeared in military cloth - tion products, uniforms, and parachute sys - Army blue. The Army traces this color back ing sales stores in the fourth quarter of FY tems. These products protect soldiers and to the blue in the U.S. flag and blue uni - 2007. The Army introduced the ASU into improve mission effectiveness in any condi - forms worn by Continental Army soldiers soldiers’ clothing bags at initial-entry train - tion. in 1779. The ASU presents a distinctive ap - ing in FY 2010. The mandatory possession The Product Manager Soldier Clothing pearance that easily identifies a soldier. date for the ASU for all soldiers is the and Individual Equipment (PM SCIE) The ASU streamlines various dress uni - fourth quarter of FY 2014. provides soldiers with different uniforms forms—Green Class As, dress blues and designed to protect them wherever they dress whites—into one. This reduces the Product Manager Soldier Protective are. Army combat uniforms are factory- burden of maintaining up to three uni - Equipment treated with the insect repellant permethrin forms. The ASU allows soldiers to dress The Product Manager Soldier Protective to protect soldiers from flying and crawling from the lowest end to the highest end of Equipment (PM SPE) increases soldiers’ insects. service uniforms with little variation re - lethality and mobility. SPE optimizes their The Army Combat Uniform (ACU) and quired. It includes a coat and low-waist protection while effectively managing all Flame-Resistant Army Combat Uniform trousers for male soldiers, while female sol - life-cycle aspects of personal protective (FRACU) consist of a jacket, trousers and diers have a coat, slacks and skirt. The ASU equipment. patrol cap. Soldiers wear these with a mois - uses a 55/45 wool/polyester fabric blend. Interceptor Body Armor (IBA) is a joint- ture-wicking T-shirt. They wear combat This is heavier and more wrinkle-resistant service item designed and developed for boots suited for temperate and hot weather than the current commercially available the Army and Marine Corps. Interceptor is conditions or mountain combat boots for blue uniform. The new ASU coat has an a modular, multiple-threat body armor sys - rugged terrain. athletic cut to improve fit and appearance. tem that consists of a base tactical vest and In February 2010, the Army announced The short- and long-sleeved white shirts are components. It includes small-arms inserts its decision to change the operational cam - wrinkle-resistant. They also have perma - to protect soldiers from multiple battlefield ouflage pattern for Afghanistan after re - nent military creases and shoulder loops. ballistic hazards. ceiving soldier feedback . The Operation The beret is the primary headgear for the The Improved Outer Tactical Vest (IOTV)

October 2013 I ARMY 353 The Pelvic Protection System (PPS) is a two-tiered system composed of a Tier I pro - tective undergarment (PUG) and a Tier II protective outer garment (POG). Soldiers wear the PUG next to their skin. It stops small fragments, reduces the penetration of dirt in wounds and minimizes the risk of infection from fine debris. Soldiers wear the POG over the UCP or OCP. In conjunction with the Tier 1 PUG, it reduces penetration by larger threats and debris. The POG pro - vides ballistic protection similar to the IOTV. The Advanced Combat Helmet (ACH) comes in five shell sizes: small, medium, large, extra large and extra-extra large. It in - cludes a modular pad suspension system, retention system and ballistic nape pad. The modular pad suspension system im - proves blunt-force impact protection, stabil - ity and comfort. The cotton/polyester four- point design retention system allows for quick adjustment for head size. The ballistic nape pad attaches to the retention system. Advanced Combat Helmet This improves comfort and stability, and it provides protection against small arms and is a side-opening vest that soldiers can don Side Ballistic Insert (ESBI) plates provide fragmentation threats to the nape. The ACH over their head or right shoulder. The vest additional ballistic protection to a soldier’s weighs 2.9 to 3.8 pounds, depending on incorporates an internal waistband inside sides, which are not covered by ESAPI. The size. The helmet cover is available in UCP for increased stability. It provides fragmen - ESBI can also withstand small-arms hits and OCP. tation and handgun protection. Small-arms from the same threats the ESAPI defeats. The Enhanced Combat Helmet (ECH) im - protective insert augmentations provide The X-Threat Small Arms Protective In - proves ballistic protection, stability and com - additional ballistic protection. The IOTV sert (XSAPI) plate meets short-term emerg - fort without adding weight or degrading a consists of a front yoke and collar. It has ing threats. It provides additional ballistic soldier’s hearing and field of vision. The protectors for the groin, lower back and protection against more lethal small-arms ECH provides increased protection against deltoid. rounds. The X-Threat Side Ballistic Insert ballistic and fragmentation threats. It uses The IOTV integrates with all modular (XSBI) plates can withstand small-arms hits advanced thermoplastic materials that re - lightweight load-carrying equipment (MO- from the same threats as the XSAPI and quire different manufacturing processes from LLE) components. It has a quick-release provide ballistic protection to a soldier’s those associated with resin-impregnated system for emergency removal. Continuous sides, which are not covered by XSAPI. para-aramids (synthetic fibers). The ECH IOTV upgrades to enhance the vest’s form, The legacy Concealable Body Armor weighs between 2.8 and 4 pounds, depend - fit and functionality come from feedback (CBA) is for soldiers in military police ing on size. The helmet’s cover is available provided by soldiers. units, corrections, confinement and law-en - in UCP or OCP. The Deltoid and Auxiliary Protector forcement operations, DoD investigative The Helmet Sensor (HS) Gen II is a (DAP) is an IBA component providing ad - and security components, and other U.S. small, lightweight, low-power sensor suite ditional fragmentation and handgun pro - military forces. The CBA offers ballistics that mounts inside the ACH or combat ve - tection to the upper arm and underarm ar - protection to National Institute of Justice hicle crewman helmet (CVCH). It records eas. The DAP is an IOTV add-on to protect (NIJ) Level IIIA. The CBA provides maxi - traumatic incidents, such as IED explosions soldiers from the threat of improvised ex - mum torso coverage while maintaining or vehicle accidents, and documents the plosive devices (IED). comfort and the ability to conceal. forces exerted on the wearer. Soldiers some - The Soldier Plate Carrier System (SPCS) The Family of Concealable Body Armor times appear unscathed following a trau - is a lightweight and flexible vest. It pro - (FoCBA) program will replace the legacy matic incident only to develop mild trau - vides a comfortable and secure fit with the CBA. It standardizes the CBA for all Army matic brain injury later. The helmet sensors capacity to accommodate the IOTV’s small - components and a portion of the DoD po - measure and record G-forces exerted on six arms protective inserts. Specific character - lice force. The FoCBA provides two types of different axes and collect overpressure in - istics include MOLLE webbing for mount - vest protection based on the operating envi - formation. A database stores this informa - ing components, compatibility with other ronment or mission. tion along with other similar incidents. Of - equipment without impeding the ability to The Type 1 vest provides Level IIIA bal - ficials can cross-correlate an incident with shoulder a weapon, easy don and doff ca - listic protection to the NIJ 0101.06 standard medical records. Researchers can study if pability, an increased range of sizes to en - and stab protection to Level I of the NIJ there is a link between brain injuries and sure a comfortable fit, wiring integration, a 0115.00 standard. The Type 2 vest will pro - traumatic forces exerted on a soldier’s head. drag strap for casualty removal capability, vide stab protection to meet the NIJ 0115.00 This information helps the Army medical durability, OCP availability and optional standard for Level III stab protection, while community establish a body of knowledge cummerbund. meeting additional Army requirements. to develop an objective head exposure The Enhanced Small Arms Protective These vests will allow for increased mission monitor and rapid head injury-screening Insert (ESAPI) plates provide multiple-hit effectiveness by providing improved pro - tool. protection to the chest and back against tection and a selection based on the opera - The Military Combat Eye Protection various small-arms threats. The Enhanced tional environment. (MCEP) program is an umbrella program

354 ARMY I October 2013 to protect soldiers’ eyes from external launcher, M320 or M26 tools to operate in a stand-alone mode. The threats and hazards such as ballistic frag - modular accessory system (MASS) Army began fielding the M26 to select engi - mentation, electromagnetic radiation, sand, to the M4 series of carbines. Many perfor - neer and MP units in 2012. wind and dust. MCEP provides eye protec - mance-based design improvements since The M107 Semi-Automatic Long Range tion for both prescription and nonprescrip - its inception keep the M4 well-suited for (LRSR) fires .50-caliber ammu - tion wearers in a variety of commercial soldiers. The Army authorized the upgrade nition. It delivers precise, rapid fire on tar - styles and sizes. This variety of eyewear en - of all M4s to the M4A1 configuration in gets out to 2,000 meters. It is especially valu - ables soldiers to choose the best eyewear September 2010. The M4A1 has full auto - able during military operations in urban for their mission while maintaining military matic capability, an ambidextrous fire selec - terrain, where greater firepower and stand - standards for eye protection. tor and a slightly heavier barrel that in - off ranges provide counter-sniper capability The Advanced Bomb Suit (ABS) pro - creases the sustained rate of fire. while enhancing sniper survivability. tects explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) The M16A2/A4 Rifle is the most preva - The XM2010 Enhanced Sniper Rifle soldiers against bombs and IEDs. This sys - lent combat rifle in the Army’s inventory. (ESR) is a fully upgraded M24 sniper tem uses new materials technology and Soldiers can fire the gas-operated, air- weapon system. The Army rechambered it design to provide protection, comfort and cooled, shoulder-fired 5.56 mm weapon in to fire .300 WinMag ammunition. The bolt ergonomic efficiency. The ABS ensemble either automatic three-round bursts or action, magazine-fed system provides pre - consists of the EOD 8 bomb suit and EOD 9 semiautomatic single shots. The M16A2 has cision fire on targets at ranges 50 percent helmet. an integral rear sight, while the M16A4 in - farther than existing 7.62 mm sniper sys - The bomb suit is a full-body ensemble cludes a MIL-STD 1913 upper receiver and tems. that protects the wearer from fragmentation, forward rail system with a backup iron The XM2010 includes a suppressor and a blast overpressure, impact, heat and flame. sight. Both systems can accommodate mod - fully adjustable right-folding chassis system To minimize weight and maximize flexibil - ern optics and accessories and can incorpo - featuring a monolithic MIL-STD 1913 acces - ity, the suit’s level of fragmentation protec - rate the M203 and M320 40 mm grenade sory rail and accessory cable routing chan - tion varies based on wounding potential. launchers. nels. Soldiers can tailor the shooter interface There is blast overpressure protection to the The M320 Grenade Launcher enables to accommodate a wide range of shooter front of the thorax. The head and spine fea - soldiers to engage the enemy accurately out preferences. Fielded with the XM2010 is a Le - tures impact protection. Fire-resistant mate - to 350 meters with 40 mm low-velocity upold Mark 4 6.5 to 20x50 mm extended rials provide heat and flame protection. grenades. The M320 will replace all M203 range/tactical riflescope. It features a scal - The suit also includes an ice-based cool - series grenade launchers mounted on the able ranging and targeting reticle and an ing system to extend mission duration. A M16/M4 series of rifles and carbines. The AN/PVS-29 Clip-on Sniper Night Sight. The hand-protection module provides increased weapon includes a side-loading unre - Army began fielding the XM2010 to sniper protection. Wearers can remove the system stricted breech that permits the system to teams in Afghanistan in 2011. in less than 30 seconds. All ballistic inserts fire longer 40 mm projectiles (NATO stan - The XM25 Counter Defilade Target En - are removable for easy cleaning and repair. dard and nonstandard). It also features the gagement (CDTE) system is the Army’s lat - The system’s design allows for future up - enhanced safety of a double-action trig - est developmental weapon. It addresses the grades to communications, performance ger/firing system. problem of defeating enemies behind cover, and capability. The M26 MASS provides soldiers with defilade and exposed targets at ranges and a 12-gauge shotgun accessory attachment accuracies not seen in today’s small arms. It Project Manager Soldier Weapons with lethal, less-than-lethal and door- fires 25 mm high-explosive airburst (HEAB) The Project Manager Soldier Weapons breaching capabilities. The system attaches munitions. The XM25 incorporates full-so - (PM SW) ensures soldiers have battlefield underneath an M4’s barrel and provides a lution target acquisition and fire control that dominance in individual and crew-served capability equivalent to a stand-alone shot - integrates a thermal sight, 2x direct-view weapons capabilities. PM SW supports sol - . Soldiers can convert the M26 without optics, a laser rangefinder, compass, fuze diers through the development, acquisition, fielding and sustainment of current and fu - ture weapons systems. It also supports as - sociated target acquisition and fire control products. Soldiers benefit from continuous improvement programs and are equipped with systems that enhance lethality and survivability.

Product Manager Individual Weapons Product Manager Individual Weapons (PM IW) develops current and future ri - fles, carbines, pistols, , grenade launchers, sniper systems, airburst weap- ons and related target acquisition/fire con - trol products. The M4/M4A1 Carbine features light - ness, speed, mobility and firepower, and it is standard issue for brigade combat teams. Throughout more than 10 years of sus - tained combat operations, the 5.56 mm M4 has proven itself an effective weapon sys - tem. The system is 1 pound lighter and more portable than the M16 series of rifles. Soldiers can mount the M203A2 grenade XM25 Counter Defilade Target Engagement system

October 2013 I ARMY 355 Product Manager Crew-Served Weapons The Product Manager Crew-Served Weapons (PM CSW) is responsible for current and future light and heavy ma - chine guns, grenade launchers, related tar - get acquisition/fire control products, and remote weapons systems. The M153 Common Remotely Operated Weapon Station (CROWS) provides sol - diers with the ability to acquire and engage targets while protected inside an armored vehicle or under cover. CROWS is a stabi - lized mount that contains a sensor suite and fire control software. It allows on-the-move target acquisition and first-burst target en - gagement. CROWS mounts on tactical ve - hicles or emplaces at fixed site locations. It supports the Mk 19 40 mm grenade ma - chine gun, M2/M2A1 .50-caliber , M240B 7.62 mm and M249 5.56 mm Squad Automatic Weapon (SAW). The CROWS’ sensor suite M68 Close Combat Optic includes a daytime video camera, thermal camera and laser rangefinder. This permits setter, ballistic computer and internal dis - served weapon soldiers and others who target engagement under day and night play. have a personal defense requirement, in - conditions. The M110 Semi-Automatic Sniper Sys - cluding law-enforcement personnel, unit The Mk 19 40 mm Grenade Machine tem (SASS) is the Army’s medium-caliber leaders and aviators. Gun is an air-cooled, belt-fed, blowback- sniper rifle. It supplements the sniper’s role The M68 Close Combat Optic (CCO) is a operated, fully automatic weapon system. to support combat operations with greater red-dot aiming device. It enhances target It has a cyclic rate of fire of 325 to 375 firepower and versatility. The 7.62 mm acquisition speed by allowing soldiers to rounds per minute. It has a maximum effec - SASS brings a semiautomatic capability to engage targets up to 300 meters with both tive range of 1,500 meters for point targets sniper teams. It is particularly effective in eyes open to maintain situational aware - and 2,212 meters for area targets. It fires urban areas, where there are multiple tar - ness. The sight has no magnification. Sol - high-velocity 40 mm grenade cartridges, in - gets and frequent close-combat situations. diers can use it with all current night-vision cluding M383 high-explosive antipersonnel The M110 comes with a suppressor and enhancements. rounds, high-explosive dual-purpose (an - incorporates a 3.5x10 scope with illumi - The M150 Rifle Combat Optic (RCO) is tipersonnel and armor-piercing) rounds, nated mil-reticle. It also comes with the a rugged, battery-free, 4x magnified optic. and training practice rounds. The Mk 19 de - M151 Enhanced Spotting Scope, which al - It provides full mission profile optical capa - livers a heavy volume of accurate and con - lows long-distance target recognition and bility for use on the M4/M16/M249 weapon tinuous firepower against enemy personnel identification. With powerful and bright op - systems. An enhanced capability of the M150 and lightly armored vehicles. Soldiers can tics, the spotting scope has 12x to 40x magni - RCO is range estimation that, along with the mount it on a tripod or on multiple vehicle fication with a 60 mm objective lens diame - bullet drop compensated reticle, provides ac - platforms. It is the primary suppressive ter. The scope has a Leupold mil dot (round curate target engagements out to 800 meters weapon for combat support and combat dot) reticle for both range estimation and tac - for trained operators. service support units. tical collaboration with the shooter. The scope is weatherproof and fog-proof. The M14 Enhanced Battle Rifle (EBR) provides squads operating in Afghanistan with interim capability to en - gage enemy targets beyond the range of M4s and M16s. The 7.62 mm weapon is air- cooled, gas-operated and magazine-fed. It is a modern mated to an enhanced aluminum billet , tactical scope and cantilever mount. The rifle is effective in close-quarters combat and in the conceptual squad designated marksman role. The M9 Pistol is a 9 mm pistol with rail-attachment capabilities that enhances lethality and survivability in close combat situations. It is the primary sidearm of crew-

Mk 19 40 mm Grenade Machine Gun

356 ARMY I October 2013 The M2 .50-caliber Machine Gun is belt- fed, -operated and air-cooled, and it has a cyclic rate of fire of 450 to 600 rounds per minute. It has a maximum effective range of 1,500 meters for point targets and 1,830 meters for area targets. This battle- proven system mounts on the M3 tripod and on most vehicles. It also serves as an antipersonnel and antiaircraft weapon. It is highly effective against lightly armored ve - hicles, low- and slow-flying aircraft, and small boats. The M2 provides suppressive fire for offensive and defensive purposes. It is capable of single-shot and automatic fire. In post-combat surveys, soldiers rated the M2 among the most effective weapon sys - tems in their small-arms arsenal. The M2A1 with Quick-Change Barrel and fixed headspace and timing is an en - hancement to the M2 .50-caliber machine gun. It offers soldiers increased performance and design improvements. The weapon is easier and safer to use while meeting all of the M2 reliability and operational charac - M240H 7.62 mm Machine Gun (Aviation Version) teristics. The M2A1 improves survivability and safety by reducing the time required all its reliability and operational characteris - tive range of 600 meters for point targets to change the barrel. It eliminates the need tics. The M240L incorporates titanium con - and 800 meters for area targets. Soldiers can to manually adjust headspace and timing. struction and alternative manufacturing fire the weapon from the shoulder, / The M2A1 also provides a flash hider that methods to achieve its weight savings. The tripod-mounted or vehicle-mounted posi - reduces muzzle flash by 95 percent, mak - weapon system’s short barrel and collapsi - tion. It replaced the in the squad ing the weapon less detectable in dark - ble butt-stock configuration allow easier automatic rifle role. ness. The Army began fielding the M2A1 handling and movement of the weapon. The M192 Lightweight Ground Mount in 2011, and it was designated an Army’s The rugged and reliable M240L has a mini - for Machine Guns and the M205 Light - Greatest Invention that year. The Army mum 50,000-round receiver life. weight Tripod are the plans to upgrade its fleet of 45,000 M2s to The M240H 7.62 mm Machine Gun (Avi - Army’s improved machine-gun tripod sys - the M2A1 standard. ation Version) supports aviation operations tems. The M192 provides a lighter weight, The M240B 7.62 mm Medium Machine and demonstrates reliability equal to that of low-profile mounting platform for the M249 Gun is a gas-operated, crew-served ma - the M240B. It delivers two minutes of con - and M240. It offers controlled, sustained chine gun. It has a cyclic rate of 550 to 650 tinuous suppressive fire and is removable and accurate fire at extended ranges. The rounds per minute. It has a maximum effec - for use in a ground role. It replaces the M192 is compact and collapsible, and it tive range of 600 meters against point tar - M60D machine gun for the UH-60 Black weighs 6 pounds less than the M122A1 tri - gets and 800 meters against area targets. It Hawk and CH-47 Chinook helicopters as pod it replaces. comes with an accessory rail integrated part of their defensive armament systems. PM CSW will begin fielding the M205 in with the top cover to attach sighting de - The M249 5.56 mm SAW serves as an au - 2013 for the dismounted M2/M2A1 and vices. The Army issues it to infantry, armor, tomatic rifle and light machine gun for in - Mk 19 to enable a quicker, more accurate field and combat engineer units fantry squads. The M249 SAW is an air- target engagement. At 34 pounds, the M205 that require medium-support fire. cooled, belt-fed, 5.56 mm weapon with weighs 16 pounds less than the current M3 The M240L 7.62 mm Medium Machine fixed headspace and a quick-change barrel. heavy tripod. It offers an integrated tra - Gun (Light) weighs approximately 5 pounds It has a cyclic rate of fire of 700 to 850 verse and elevation mechanism that sol - less than the existing M240B, while meeting rounds per minute and a maximum effec - diers can operate with one hand.

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October 2013 I ARMY 357