PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2
SEPTEMBER 2017
This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by DAI.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 1
Activity Title: Protect Wildlife Activity
Sponsoring USAID Office: USAID/Philippines
Contract Number: AID-OAA-I-14-00014/AID-492-TO-16-00002
Contractor: DAI
Date of Publication: September 2017
Author: DAI
The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 i
CONTENTS
TABLES, FIGURES, ANNEXES ...... ii ABBREVIATIONS ...... iii
1 INTRODUCTION ...... 1
2 PROTECT WILDLIFE ...... 4 2.1 Activity Description ...... 4 2.2 Technical Approach ...... 6 2.3 Outcomes, Outputs and Target Deliverables ...... 7
3 ACTIVITIES FOR YEAR 2 ...... 13 3.1 Year 2 Technical Activities in Manila ...... 16 3.2 Year 2 Technical Activities in Palawan ...... 29 3.3 Year 2 Technical Activities in Zamboanga City-Sulu Archipelago ...... 45 3.4 Year 2 Technical Activities in GenSan-Sarangani-South Cotabato ...... 60
4 MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 70 4.1 Overall Management Approach ...... 70 4.2 Organizational Structure ...... 71 4.3 Year 2 Operations and Management Plan...... 72 4.4 Gender Action Plan ...... 73 4.5 Communication Plan ...... 74 4.6 Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning Plan ...... 77 4.7 Security Plan ...... 78
5 ESTIMATED FINANCIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR YEAR 2 ...... 79
ANNEXES ...... 81
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 i TABLES
1 Economic Growth Indicators and Annual Targets ...... 7 2 Contract Deliverables: Indicators and Annual Targets...... 8 3 Partners and Possible Areas of Collaborative Activities ...... 14 4 Summary of Year 2 Target Deliverables by Strategic Approach and Target Site ...... 14 5 Year 2 Target Sites for Improved Management of Biologically Significant Areas ...... 21 6 Schedule of Year 2 Activities in Manila ...... 27 7 Year 2 Target Deliverables for Palawan ...... 42 8 Schedule of Year 2 Activities in Palawan ...... 43 9 Year 2 Target Deliverables for Zamboanga City-Sulu Archipelago...... 57 10 Schedule of Year 2 Activities in Zamboanga City-Sulu Archipelago ...... 58 11 Year 2 Target Deliverables for GenSan-Sarangani-South Cotabato ...... 67 12 Schedule of Year 2 Activities GenSan-Sarangani-South Cotabato ...... 68 13 Distribution of Protect Wildlife Staff in Year 2 ...... 73 14 Distribution of Year 2 Work Plan Budget by Strategic Approach ...... 79 15 Distribution of Year 2 Work Plan Budget by Location ...... 80
FIGURES 1 Priority Sites for Palawan in Year 2 ...... 30 2 Priority Sites for Zamboanga City and Sulu Archipelago in Year 2 ...... 46 3 Priority Sites for GenSan-Sarangani-South Cotabato in Year 2 ...... 61 4 Protect Wildlife Organizational Chart ...... 71
ANNEXES
A Updated List of Organizations and Agencies that Submitted Letters of Interest as Partners in Protect Wildlife Activity Implementation (as of September 30, 2017) ...... 81 B Protect Wildlife Updated Overall Results Chain and Strategic Approach Results Chains ..... 83
ii PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 ABBREVIATIONS
ARMM Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao BCC behavior change communication C4C Campaigning for Conservation CENRO Community Environment and Natural Resources Office CEPA communication, education and public awareness CFLET Composite Fisheries Law Enforcement Team CLUP comprehensive land use plan CSO civil society organization DA-BFAR Department of Agriculture-Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources DENR-BMB DENR Biodiversity Management Bureau DENR-FMB DENR Forest Management Bureau DOST Department of Science and Technology ELEMIS environmental law enforcement management information system ENR environment and natural resources FLUP forest land use plan GenSan General Santos City GDA Global Development Alliance GIS Geographic Information System HLURB Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board IUU illegal, unreported and unregulated KAP knowledge, attitudes and practices LGU local government unit LRMU land and resource management unit LWR Lutheran World Relief MEL monitoring, evaluation and learning MPA marine protected area NCIP National Commission on Indigenous Peoples NIPAS National Integrated Protected Areas System PalaWEN Palawan Wildlife Network PCSD Palawan Council for Sustainable Development PCSDS Palawan Council for Sustainable Development Staff PENRO Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office PES payment for ecosystem services PHP Philippine peso PNP Philippine National Police RA Republic Act R&D research and development RDE research, development and extension SA Strategic Approach
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 iii USG United States Government WELE wildlife and environment law enforcement WEO wildlife enforcement officer VIIRS Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite ZCAWTTF Zamboanga City Anti-Wildlife Trafficking Task Force
iv PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 1 1 INTRODUCTION
The Philippines is one of 17 megadiverse countries in the world and home to about 1,100 terrestrial vertebrates and 5 percent of the world’s flora, a significant proportion of which are endemic to the country2. The country claims to be the “center of the center” of nearshore marine diversity, including corals and reef fishes3. At least 45 percent of the Philippines’ wildlife is endemic.
As part of the watershed-dominated seascapes-landscapes of the Philippines, biodiversity contributes significantly to the economy through its supply of direct and indirect ecosystem goods and services. Local and national economies benefit from the provision of direct market-oriented ecosystem goods and services, such as water for various purposes (irrigation, domestic use and hydropower); and from indirect ones, such as watershed and coastal protection, flood control, reduction of pollutants and recreation. In most cases, however, economic values of indirect non-market-oriented supply of ecosystem goods and services are not adequately accounted for. Based on market values, Philippine biodiversity—in particular, fisheries, plants for food, timber and non-timber products—contributes about 10 percent to the national gross domestic product and supports livelihoods of close to 30 percent of the country’s labor force. In general, however, just like other countries, the Philippines’ biodiversity assets are still underappreciated and undervalued, especially their non-economic contributions such as their ecological balancing role and cultural significance to societies in both developed and developing countries4. This behavior holds true even for the Philippines’ iconic wildlife species such as the Philippine eagle, tamaraw, the Philippine tarsier and other endemic species.
Various Philippines laws and policies support biodiversity conservation such as the following: • Republic Act (RA) No. 7586, National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) Act of 1992; • RA No. 9072, National Caves and Cave Resources Management and Protection Act of 2000; and • RA No. 9147, Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act of 2001. These legislations empower the State to set aside lands, forests, watersheds, habitats, wetlands, unique ecosystems, heritage sites and marine and coastal areas to ensure that the Philippines’ biodiversity will continue to benefit present and future generations of Filipinos. Through RA 7586, the Philippines has proclaimed and/or legislated at least 240 protected areas, including initial components of the NIPAS. RA 9147 mandates the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), the Department of Agriculture-Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (DA-BFAR) and the Palawan Council for Sustainable Development (PCSD) to conserve and regulate use of wildlife species and their habitats in partnership with local government units (LGUs), community stakeholders and enforcement agencies. Other national policies and laws that cover protection, regulation, conservation and development of other biologically and physically diverse ecosystems and species are the Revised Forestry Code (Presidential Decree No. 705), Local Government Code of 1991 (RA No. 7160), Fisheries Code (RA No. 8550) as amended by
1 Most discussions in this section were lifted from the USAID Statement of Objectives in the Request for Task Order Proposals and Section C – Performance Work Statement Protect Wildlife Activity 2 Heaney, L. & Mittermeier, R. A. (1997). The Philippines. In R. A. Mittermeier, C. G. Mittermeier, & P. Robles Gil (eds.), Megadiversity: Earth’s biologically wealthiest nations (pp. 236-255). CEMEX: Monterey, Mexico. 3 Carpenter, K. E. & Springer, V. G. (2005). The center of the center of marine shore fish biodiversity: The Philippine islands. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 72, 467-480. 4 Chardonnet, P., Des Clers, B., Fischer, J., Gerhold, R., Jori, F., & Lamarque, F. (2002). The value of wildlife. Review Scientifique et Technique, 21, 15-51.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 1 RA No. 10654)5, Indigenous Peoples’ Rights Act (RA No. 8371) and various DENR Administrative Orders, including DAO No. 2010-16 (Adopt-a-Wildlife Species Program). Consistent with the abovementioned laws and policies, the Philippines has planned and implemented various programs and strategies in the last 20 years. However, the country’s weak governance and financial capacity in the late 1980s to 2010 constrained support for nationwide conservation and restoration programs. Funds were insufficient for implementing and enforcing mandated laws and for issuances of needed operational policies across the law enforcement spectrum—from crime detection and prosecution to case adjudication and disposition. Accordingly, the Philippines tapped the support of various donor agencies6. Lessons and challenges from the donor-supported programs became the building blocks for the issuance of Executive Order 26 in 2011, which allowed the DENR to embark on the National Greening Program with an estimated budget of PHP 30 billion from 2011 to 2016. As a megadiverse country, the Philippines will continue to ensure its ecological integrity under the Philippine Development Plan 2017-2022. It will adopt the sustainable integrated area development approach to link conservation with socioeconomic development strategies. As a biodiversity hotspot—an area with significant threats to biodiversity and a global priority for conservation—the country is committed to address the threats and issues that endanger its biodiversity assets. It intends to confront key socioeconomic constraints that render the country’s biodiversity as the “hottest of hotspots”7 especially in areas where high poverty incidence occurs. The Philippines will continue to address major physical habitat loss and threats to its biodiversity, as summarized below: 1. deforestation and forest degradation; 2. urbanization and expansion of settlements and agriculture; 3. unregulated or poorly managed mining and quarrying; 4. illegal, unregulated and unreported (IUU) fishing; and 5. wildlife trafficking.
In partnership with local and international agencies, the Philippines will also address weaknesses, threats and inadequacies in the enabling environment to improve biodiversity conservation. These are: 1. limited understanding and appreciation of the value of biodiversity; 2. negative attitudes toward wildlife; 3. limited investments for conservation-oriented research and development (R&D) and for generating relevant science-based information to improve decision making, regulation, enforcement and networking;
5 Republic Act No. 10654, An Act to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing, Amending Republic Act No. 8550, Otherwise Known As “The Philippine Fisheries Code Of 1998,” And for Other Purposes 6 Almost US$1 billion of bilateral and multilateral donor agencies have been supportive of the Philippines’ policies and programs to restore degraded forestlands and conserve biodiversity. USAID, World Bank, UNDP, GEF, ADB, GIZ, OECF, JBIC and EU have invested grants in support of the Philippines’ biodiversity conservation efforts from 1991 to the present. USAID, for instance, put in place the Foundation for Philippine Environment and the Philippine Tropical Forest Conservation Foundation, Inc. The World Bank and EU provided the initial support to priority conservation areas in the Philippines after the passage of the NIPAS Law. ADB and OECF financed the nationwide major forest restoration initiatives in the Philippines through the Forestry Loan 1 and 2 from 1989- 2000). The World Bank through the ENR-SECAL, Community-Based Resource Management, and Water Resource Development Project supported rehabilitation of mangroves and degraded forest lands with local government units. USAID and ADB supported major programs on coastal resources management with DENR, DA-BFAR, and LGUs. These resulted to strengthened institutions to conserve biodiversity in their respective area of mandate (Guiang ES, F Esquerra, and D Bacalla. Devolved and decentralized forest management in the Philippines: Issues and Constraints in Investments. In “Lessons from forest decentralization: money, justice and quest for governance in Asia Pacific”. 2008, CIFOR and Earthscan). 7 Fisher, B. & Christopher, T. (2007). Poverty and biodiversity: Measuring the overlap of human poverty and the biodiversity hotspots. Ecological Economics, 62, 93-101.
2 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 4. inadequate capacities in crafting policies and issuances and in enforcing laws across the law enforcement spectrum, from crime detection and prosecution to case adjudication and disposition (e.g., in identifying wildlife and in analyzing patterns and trends in environmental crime data); 5. weak governance and capacities of mandated agencies and local governments to regulate and enforce land and resource uses to curb habitat destruction and conversion and wildlife trafficking, and of local governments and land and resource managers; and 6. scarce opportunities for sustainable and inclusive community livelihoods in conservation areas as alternatives to poaching of wildlife species and encroachment.
Accordingly, the Philippines, in its 2014 report to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), affirmed the strong relationship between biodiversity and development. The country stated that “[t]he country needs to invest in conserving and valuing natural capital, which if used and developed sustainably can provide a good foundation for inclusive economic growth and human well-being.” The country’s limitations have not discouraged initiatives to conserve biodiversity together with non-government organizations, communities, private sector and donor agencies.
The Philippine Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan 2015-2028 lays down the country’s strategic actions to fulfill its CBD obligations, including the country’s commitments to the CBD Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 that specifies the 20-point Aichi Biodiversity Targets. The plan highlights the Philippines’ commitment to an integrated and climate-resilient approach for mainstreaming biodiversity conservation into national and local development processes through various sectoral frameworks and plans.
Under the Philippine Development Plan 2017-2022 and Philippine Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan 2015-2028, the Philippines recognizes the benefits of biodiversity and wildlife species, especially their economic contributions. The country realizes that if threats to biodiversity assets remain, it means unrealized benefits from various ecosystem goods and services that will ultimately hamper economic growth. For instance, a loss of a hectare of managed mangrove could mean the loss of benefits between US$500 to US$1,550 per hectare per year8. This implies loss of livelihoods in coastal and fishing communities and reduced quality of nutritional diets of marginalized groups. In a country where 60 percent of the population lives in coastal communities and most depends on fish as the major source of protein, the loss of mangrove ecosystems could result to loss of livelihoods in the long term.
The Philippines, being a developing country and endowed with immense biodiversity, has put the necessary policies, plans and programs to conserve is biodiversity assets for posterity. However, the country is in need of innovative, effective and efficient institutions, approaches, tools and techniques to conserve biodiversity, reduce poaching and trafficking of wildlife, strengthen management and regulation of conservation areas, and optimize the economic and financial benefits from various biodiversity-linked ecosystems services for human well-being.
8 Dixon, J.A. 1989. Valuation of mangroves. Tropical Coastal Area Management. 4(3): 1-6.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 3 2 PROTECT WILDLIFE
2.1 ACTIVITY DESCRIPTION
USAID’s Protect Wildlife activity is a five-year grant to the Government of the Philippines with a total amount of US$24,498,1779. It provides focused technical assistance and resources to align conservation policies with on-the-ground action and enforcement to protect threatened wildlife habitats and species in a seascape-landscape.
Protect Wildlife contributes to the Philippines’ programs and plans to confront the threats to biodiversity and the drivers of its loss at the habitat and species levels. Thus, Protect Wildlife has adopted the following strategies in priority seascapes-landscapes, watersheds, biodiversity corridors and habitats:
1. Effective behavior change communication campaigns to improve attitudes and behavior of targeted stakeholders toward biodiversity and wildlife; 2. Active involvement of private and public sectors in biodiversity conservation and conservation financing; 3. Promotion and support for viable biodiversity-friendly and sustainable livelihoods and enterprise options for local communities in target sites; 4. Governance-based integration of biodiversity into the plans of national and local government units, partner institutions and resource management units; 5. A solid biodiversity R&D system that can generate information for policy formulation, resource management planning, decision-making, diversification of livelihoods and enterprises, enforcement and adaptive management; and 6. A strong environmental law enforcement system at the national and local levels.
Protect Wildlife collaborates with the DENR, which is the main Philippine government agency counterpart in implementing the activity. It works directly with the DENR Biodiversity Management Bureau (DENR-BMB) in coordination with the DENR Foreign-Assisted and Special Projects Service, DENR Forest Management Bureau (DENR-FMB), DENR Office for Field Operations, DA-BFAR, National Commission on Indigenous Peoples (NCIP) and other law enforcement agencies.
In target sites, Protect Wildlife works with DENR field units (regional offices, Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Offices [PENROs], and Community Environment and Natural Resources Offices [CENROs]) in planning and implementing activities in collaboration with local partners. It carries out activities with 68 partner institutions and organizations who sent Letters of Interest (LOIs), including 14 in Palawan province; 14 in Zamboanga City; 20 in Tawi-Tawi province; and 20 in General Santos City (GenSan), Sarangani province and South Cotabato province. In Palawan, in view of RA 9147, Protect Wildlife and the DENR collaborate with the Palawan Council for Sustainable Development Staff (PCSDS) in planning and providing technical support to partners. Local partners include LGUs, civil society organizations (CSOs), public and private enterprises, colleges and universities and community organizations.
USAID’s Implementing Partner for Protect Wildlife is DAI Global, LLC, together with Conservation International; Orient Integrated Development Consultants, Inc.; Tanggol Kalikasan; and Rare, Inc. DAI will provide technical assistance and support in implementing the activity to meet set targets, deliverables, outputs and outcomes that are consistent with the Protect Wildlife Theory of Change results chains.
9 Protect Wildlife activity is under the AID-OAA-I-14-00014/AID-492-TO-16-00002 contract. DAI Global, LLC is the main contractor for the implementation of the activity.
4 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 2.1.1 OBJECTIVES Protect Wildlife seeks to reduce threats to biodiversity, particularly the destruction of habitats; poaching of wildlife species; and the sale and use of illegally harvested wildlife and wildlife products. Interventions will be undertaken in target habitats (on-site), as well as in transit points or market hotspots where illegally harvested wildlife are traded (off-site). Wildlife conservation initiatives will sustain ecosystem goods and services in the long term and will ultimately improve human well-being.
2.1.2 TARGET SITES Protect Wildlife started its implementation in two target sites Palawan (Section 3.2), including Tubbataha Reefs; and the region of Sulu Archipelago, particularly Zamboanga City and Tawi-Tawi (Section 3.3).10 For Year 2, the DENR and USAID added GenSan-Sarangani-South Cotabato as a third site. There is a plan to identify another site toward the end of the second year. Conservation importance, policies, threats and priorities are the main bases for the selection of sites. Protect Wildlife expects that its interventions in the target sites will result not only in conservation actions that are sustainable but also interventions that are replicable so that they can eventually be scaled up within the activity sites or in other conservation areas. The Protect Wildlife sites are key suppliers of major ecosystems services ranging from water, food, medicines, attractions for ecotourism, fiber and many minor forest products. These sites are the sources of many types of wildlife products, including birds and aquarium fish for pets, pangolins and turtle plastrons for traditional medicine, humphead wrasse and turtle eggs for food, and giant clams for shell craft trade, among others. Most of the wildlife trafficking in the sites are syndicated organized crimes, often involving local people through contract poaching. In the Sulu Archipelago and Palawan, the major threats to wildlife species are poaching, IUU fishing, and smuggling and trafficking of wildlife species. In Zamboanga City and GenSan- Sarangani-South Cotabato, there is habitat deterioration due to increasing land conversion for settlements and expansion of plantations, especially in highly accessible and relatively peaceful areas. In Palawan, due to high incidence of poverty, the threats are more widespread, ranging from habitat loss due to conversion or deterioration, poaching, upland farming, irresponsible tourism activities, mining and infrastructure development. Wildlife trafficking activities occur in major transshipment points in General Santos City, Zamboanga City, Tawi-Tawi and different parts of Palawan. Section 3 provides a more detailed discussion on biodiversity threats in these sites. Palawan and Zamboanga City-Sulu Archipelago are party to transboundary protected area agreements. These are the Turtle Islands Protected Area with Malaysia and the Sulu-Sulawesi Marine Protected Area with Indonesia and Malaysia. In these sites, Philippine authorities have yet to show to its neighbors that it sustained actions and support to enforce trafficking of all types: human, drugs and wildlife. Lawlessness in southern Sulu Archipelago and southern Palawan has a huge impact on the Philippines’ ability to attract financing and investment for ecotourism in these highly diverse but critical areas. In all sites, especially those that are considered high risk (Tawi-Tawi, Balabac in southern Palawan and parts of Sarangani), Protect Wildlife will continue to follow necessary protocols for regular information sharing to ensure that security assets are deployed to optimize efficiency and maximize the safety of staff and partners.
10 Protect Wildlife’s two target sites are critical to biodiversity, but they are large, fraught with conflict, insecure and remote. Often referred to as the Philippines’ “back door” for illegal activity, most of the Sulu Archipelago is part of the Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao, a conflict-prone and fragmented region. The province of Palawan includes the community of Pag-asa Island in Kalayaan municipality in the Spratly Islands, the epicenter of ongoing regional territorial tensions, most notably between the Philippines and China.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 5 2.2 TECHNICAL APPROACH
Protect Wildlife recognizes that there is no simple solution for conserving biodiversity in habitats of wildlife species and of wildlife species outside their habitats. Technical support and regulatory and enforcement measures differ in each conservation area. Addressing the threats to wildlife habitats and species and drivers of biodiversity loss in target sites requires many things. These could include effective behavior change, active engagement of public and private sectors, biodiversity-friendly and sustainable livelihoods and enterprises for local communities, incentives and safety net support for communities that are marginalized as a result of improved enforcement systems, a solid biodiversity research system and strong enforcement of environmental and wildlife laws. Improved policies, zoning, management, regulation and enforcement systems against improper land uses, poaching and IUUs in conservation areas, combined with effective enforcement of laws against trafficking of wildlife species in transshipment points, are key to an integrated approach to landscape management of conservation areas. This means getting stakeholders’ consensus and agreements on major land uses within each landscape, each local government’s jurisdiction, and each tenured and ancestral domain areas, especially in national set-asides and other designated areas for conserving biodiversity, habitats and wildlife. Policy-consistent local agreements include allowed and disallowed sub-land uses and resource uses in order to reduce poaching of wildlife species that are trafficked via the transshipment points. In coastal and marine seascapes, it is important that communities and local and national governments adopt a coastal zoning regime and other necessary measures to regulate and enforce rules against IUU and destructive fishing, and poaching in no-take zones.
Protect Wildlife’s implementation strategies are multipronged yet fully integrated, having five mutually reinforcing objectives with corresponding strategic approaches. The five Strategic Approaches (SAs) are the following:
Strategic Approach 1: Improve attitudes and behavior toward biodiversity and its conservation in target areas at a statistically significant level
Strategic Approach 2: Intensify financing from private and public sectors and internally generated revenues for biodiversity conservation
Strategic Approach 3: Improve biodiversity conservation competencies of local government units, governance bodies, civil society organizations, and land and resource management units
Strategic Approach 4: Enhance capacities of universities to advance biodiversity conservation education, research, monitoring and innovation
Strategic Approach 5: Enhance competencies of national government agencies in enforcing biodiversity conservation-related laws and policies The extent and magnitude of threats to habitats and wildlife species in each target site, combined with lessons learned in Year 1, will shape and direct the activities of each SA in Year 2. In some cases, what can be carried out by Protect Wildlife in each site will be limited because of security issues and the level of commitment of partners to participate in conserving wildlife species and their habitats. In Tawi-Tawi, SA 3, SA 4 and SA 5 will be more dominant, with SA 1 and SA 2 providing support as needed. In Zamboanga City and in existing and expansion areas in Palawan, the implementation of activities under all SAs will be feasible. In GenSan- Sarangani-South Cotabato, SA 3 and SA 5 will take lead roles in Year 2, with supporting activities of SA 1, SA 2 and SA 4. It is expected that implementing SA activities in the three sites may not yield the same level of results in relation to activity deliverables, outputs and outcomes. Protect Wildlife will invest in process-related activities to set up strong “buy-ins” of local stakeholders in Sulu Archipelago, especially in Tawi-Tawi. It may be possible to do scoping in Isabela City or Lamitan in Basilan province in the latter part of Year 2.
6 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 2.3 OUTCOMES, OUTPUTS AND TARGET DELIVERABLES
2.3.1 ECONOMIC GROWTH OBJECTIVE OUTCOMES AND OUTPUTS
As an activity under USAID/Philippines Country Development Cooperation Strategy, Protect Wildlife contributes to the Economic Growth (EG) development objective, specifically to two program areas: Environment and Sustainable Landscapes. Biodiversity is a key element of the Environment program area. In terms of results, Protect Wildlife contributes to six Foreign Assistance Framework Indicators (F-indicators) under the Economic Growth development objective. These consist of five outcome-level and two output- level indicators as listed in Table 1. Protect Wildlife’s current targets for outcomes result from contract deliverables (or the outputs) of the relevant SAs. The two output-level indicators consolidate contract deliverables or outputs that pertain to training and policy and ordinance formulation. TABLE 1: ECONOMIC GROWTH INDICATORS AND ANNUAL TARGETS
TARGETS INDICATORS LIFE OF YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 YEAR 4 YEAR 5 PROJECT Outcomes Number of hectares of biologically significant areas under improved natural resource EG.10.2-2 50,000 120,000 120,000 110,000 100,000 500,000 management as a result of United States Government (USG) assistance Number of people with improved economic benefits derived from sustainable natural EG.10.2-3 - 20,000 30,000 30,000 25,000 100,000 resource management and/or biodiversity conservation as a result of USG assistance Number of people that apply improved EG.10.2-6 conservation law 50 150 200 400 400 1,200 enforcement practices as a result of USG assistance Amount of investment mobilized (in US$) for sustainable landscapes, natural resource US$0.65 US$0.80 US$1.30 US$2.25 US$5 EG.10.3-4 - management and million million million million million biodiversity conservation as supported by USG assistance Greenhouse gas GHG) emission, estimated in metric tons of CO2 equivalent, reduced,
sequestered or avoided EG.13-6 - 34,378 103,957 210,684 354,911 703,930 through sustainable
landscape activities supported by USG assistance
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 7 TARGETS INDICATORS LIFE OF YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 YEAR 4 YEAR 5 PROJECT Outputs Number of people trained in sustainable natural resources management EG.10.2-4 240 735 800 1,225 1,500 4,500 and/or biodiversity conservation as a result of USG assistance Number of laws, policies, or regulations that address biodiversity conservation and/or EG.10.2-5 other environmental 5 7 10 13 15 50 themes officially proposed, adopted, or implemented as a result of USG assistance
2.3.2 CONTRACT DELIVERABLES AND ANNUAL TARGETS As the Technical Assistance Contractor, DAI Global, LLC, together with its subcontractors, will deliver contract deliverables by SA. Table 2 lists the 15 SA deliverables (outputs) and annual targets. Protect Wildlife uses these contract deliverable targets for planning for each year of implementation. At the minimum, the Protect Wildlife team should meet the contract deliverables in Year 2, but internally, the team agreed to pursue opportunities and implement activities in each region that may exceed Year 2 targets in order to accelerate completion of overall contract deliverables of some SAs. Although some SAs will play dominant roles in carrying out activities to meet certain outcomes, all SAs directly or indirectly contribute toward the Economic Growth outcomes and outputs listed in Table 1.
TABLE 2: CONTRACT DELIVERABLES: INDICATORS AND ANNUAL TARGETS11
TARGETS INDICATORS LIFE OF YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 YEAR 4 YEAR 5 PROJECT SA 1 People trained to lead 1.1 30 70 - - - 100 behavior change campaigns Behavior change campaigns 1.2 5 5 5 5 5 25 implemented People reached by behavior 1.3 4,000 20.000 50,000 100,000 126,000 300,000 change campaigns SA 2 Revenue generated from the 2.1 sale of ecosystem services in US$10,000 US$65,000 US$87,500 US$131,250 US$206,250 US$500,000 target sites Payment for ecosystem 2.2 services or tourism initiatives 10 13 15 22 40 100 supported in target sites Global Development Alliance (GDA) investments in Protect US$0.05 US$0.65 US$0.75 US$1.30 US$2.25 US$5 2.3 Wildlife anti-poaching and million million million million million million trafficking efforts
11 The activity team internally agreed that targets for SAs by region may be increased, where feasible, to exceed contract deliverable targets in Year 2.
8 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 TARGETS INDICATORS LIFE OF YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 YEAR 4 YEAR 5 PROJECT SA 3 LGU staff trained in participatory planning for 3.1 20 30 50 50 50 200 integrated conservation and development Community members trained in planning and 3.2 implementation of integrated 100 400 450 600 950 2,500 conservation and development LGU staff trained, certified and formally deputized as 3.3 Wildlife Enforcement Officers 10 40 50 50 50 200 (WEOs) by government agencies Community members trained 3.4 and certified as WEOs by 30 95 100 125 150 500 government agencies SA 4 University-supported 4.1 research initiatives 4 5 5 5 6 25 implemented at target sites Universities developing 4.2 conservation curricula with 2 2 2 2 2 10 support from Protect Wildlife SA 5 Government staff trained in 5.1 combating wildlife and 100 200 200 200 300 1,000 environmental crime New or revised laws and 5.2 regulations adopted to 5 7 10 13 15 50 combat wildlife crimes Confiscations, seizures and arrests resulting from 5.3 50 100 150 400 300 1,000 capacity building provided by Protect Wildlife
2.3.3 THEORY OF CHANGE AND ANNUAL WORK PLANS
In Year 1, Protect Wildlife started out with the refinement of its initial Theory of Change with the assistance and support from the USAID/Office of Forestry and Biodiversity, through the Measuring Impact activity12 and USAID/Philippines. A Theory of Change provides “a description of the logical causal relationships between multiple levels of conditions or interim results needed to achieve a long-term objective”.13 Protect Wildlife developed its Year 1 Theory of Change based on the team’s initial understanding of the strategic approaches, technical background and experience, Measuring Impact’s advice,14 and interactions among the team on the activity’s rationale, what it intends to do to achieve outputs and outcomes, how actions will be carried out, and baseline knowledge and background of the target sites.
12 Measuring Impact is a five-year contract (2012-2017) managed by the USAID Bureau for Economic Growth, Education, and the Environment/Office of Forestry and Biodiversity and implemented by Environmental Incentives, Foundations of Success, and ICF International. 13 USAID Automated Directives System, Series 200. 14 The resource persons for Protect Wildlife’s Theory of Change workshop in August 2016 were Arlyne Johnson and Judy Boshoven from Foundations of Success and Megan Hill from USAID/Washington.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 9 Protect Wildlife’s results chains15—the overall results chain and the five results chains corresponding to the five SAs —facilitated the process in describing the Protect Wildlife Theory of Change as a whole and for each SA. The Protect Wildlife’s Year 1 Theory of Change helped clarify assumptions for the if-then relationships that link a strategic approach to intermediate results and to the final desired impact. The overall results chain serves as the unifying and integrating framework for planning and implementation of SA activities, while the five SA results chains show what each specific SA will carry out in the sites. The overall results chain indicates how various SA activities will individually and collectively contribute to the intermediate results that will lead to Protect Wildlife’s long-term outcomes and impacts.
The Protect Wildlife Theory of Change also facilitated the preparation of the activity’s Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning (MEL) Plan that lays down how each SA and the whole activity will measure, analyze, reflect and report deliverables, outputs and outcomes. The MEL Plan identifies what indicators will be measured, how, by whom and when; how the collected data will be stored, documented, analyzed and reported; and how the results of data analysis will be used for determining implementation progress and evaluating the effectiveness and efficiency of various interventions. The Theory of Change-based MEL Plan includes a set of learning questions per SA that links the effectiveness of specific interventions to achieving results that will eventually lead to the desired outcomes.
For Year 2, Protect Wildlife benefited once more from MI’s assistance and support through USAID/ Philippines16 in the review and refinement of the Theory of Change results chains and preparation of the work plan. The team reviewed and reflected on Year 1 activities to assess their consistency with the result chains; effectiveness in meeting contract deliverables, outputs and outcomes; and connectedness to the major threats to biodiversity. In general, Protect Wildlife’s actions to meet contract deliverables were deemed on track at the end of June 30, 2017. There is room, however, for improving effectiveness, collaboration among SAs to achieve synergy of results, and links between actions and sub-actions across the SAs in each site. Year 1 implementation experiences, insights and deeper understanding of the effects of actions, including their sequencing and prioritization on results, enriches the work plan for Year 2. Compared to the Year 1 work plan, which was based on initial assumptions and previous experiences and backgrounds of the Protect Wildlife team, the Year 2 work plan is more closely tied to assessments and inputs from key stakeholders. Actions and sub-actions will be more practical given the varying situations and levels of participation of partners in each site.
Although there are modifications to the SA TOCs, there are no significant changes to the overall results chain (Annex B Figure 1). Hence, the Protect Wildlife Theory of Change remains: IF communities, local government units, research and training institutions, regulatory bodies and enforcers, private sector, civil society organizations and environmental groups understand the true economic value and sociocultural significance of habitats and wildlife species, including their ecosystem functions and goods and services they provide, as a combined result of: • Improved and positively changed communities’ knowledge, attitudes and behaviors toward wildlife and biodiversity conservation; • Increased public and private sector investments and increased revenues from environment and natural resources-related enterprises to finance conservation, expansion and diversification of biodiversity-friendly and
15 Results chains are often equated to logic models but they are much more specific and show direct assumed relationships among discrete actions, intermediate outcomes, and the desired final impact (from: Margoluis, R., C. Stem, V. Swaminathan, M. Brown, A. Johnson, G. Placci, N. Salafsky, and I. Tilders. 2013. Results chains: a tool for conservation action design, management, and evaluation. Ecology and Society 18(3): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5751/ES-05610-180322 16 Advisors from the Measuring Impact Activity (Arlyne Johnson and Vinaya Swaminathan) facilitated the Protect Wildlife Theory of Change Review for Year 2 Work Planning held last August 7 to 11, 2017.
10 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 sustainable livelihoods and enterprises for local communities in priority sites; • Improved conservation competencies of governance bodies, local government units, civil society organizations, and land and resource management units in formulating and executing policy- and science-based integrated land use and local development plans; and in managing natural resources, including habitats of wildlife; • Improved capacities of higher education institutions to generate scientifically rigorous evidence and knowledge essential for conservation and for enriching their curricula and outreach programs; and • Enhanced capacities of national and local enforcement entities to identify, capture, prosecute and adjudicate wildlife crimes and habitat losses,
THEN, Protect Wildlife can significantly contribute to the reduction of threats to habitats and to wildlife species,
THEREBY, directly and indirectly enhancing capacities of various threatened habitats of wildlife species, as part of larger ecosystems and seascapes-landscapes, to supply and provide ecosystem goods and services that benefit human well-being.
The Theory of Change of individual SAs underwent changes as shown in Annex B Figures 2 to 6. The refined SA Theory of Change reflect a more realistic understanding of what actions and sub-actions are needed to achieve intermediate results and how these are prioritized, linked and sequenced to address the major threats to biodiversity in order to achieve the desired outcomes
SA 1 Theory of Change (Annex B Figure 2) shifts behavior change actions and sub-actions toward the reduction of habitat loss resulting from land use conversion and degradation. There is increased recognition that the desired behaviors of communities, resource users, policy makers and governance bodies can only be met when the barriers for change are removed or addressed. Other SAs will contribute to the removal of these barriers. Behavior change will eventually address land conversion, encroachment, poaching and trafficking.
SA 2 Theory of Change (Annex B Figure 3) focuses on generating more funds from public and private sectors and environment and natural resources (ENR)-linked, internally generated revenues to support biodiversity conservation, livelihoods and enterprises, and land use regulation and enforcement. SA 2 results will be increasingly dependent on what SA 3 will generate, including increased interest of the DENR, LGUs, NCIP, CSOs, private sector and communities to invest in or jointly support conservation. Other SAs will also contribute to achieving SA 2 results.
SA 3 Theory of Change (Annex B Figure 4) lays down the need to capacitate local stakeholders to ensure that land and resource uses at the landscape, LGU and land and resource management unit (LRMU) levels are identified, delineated, agreed upon, legitimized and enforced to reduce improper and illegal uses, poaching and encroachment into conservation areas. The results chain points to the need to set the boundaries of protection and conservation areas, and to capacitate protected area governance bodies, LGUs and LRMUs so they are able to regulate and enforce land and resource uses and direct multi-investments using public, private and self-generated revenues from ENR-linked enterprises. Other SAs will contribute to SA 3 results to eventually reduce poaching of wildlife species in protection and conservation areas in a landscape.
SA 4 Theory of Change (Annex B Figure 5) highlights the need for short-, medium- and long-term research, development and extension (RDE) programs of colleges and universities to contribute to biodiversity conservation. RDE programs may include the conduct of priority research, curriculum development for both formal and informal courses, extension activities, organizing scientific fora, publication and networking. To
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 11 become locally or regionally relevant, colleges and universities are enjoined to focus their RDEs in conservation or thematic areas where they have the comparative advantage and that are within their mandates.
SA 5 Theory of Change (Annex B Figure 6) defines the meaning of “improving enforcement capacities” more clearly by including a more holistic and comprehensive technical assistance support and not just training. This means putting in place local, provincial, regional and national wildlife enforcement systems with people trained on the right skills and knowledge, policies, networks, databases, monitoring and evaluation systems, budgets and logistics. On-site wildlife enforcement systems are critical, especially in national protected areas, wildlife reservations, no-take zones in municipal waters and locally legitimized conservation areas.
The overall Protect Wildlife Theory of Change captures the links among individual SAs. It shows how each SA contributes to achieve activity results in both conservation areas (on-site) and transshipment points (off- site). For instance, within threatened habitats, SA 1 activities may improve attitudes, knowledge and behaviors of communities because of other SA activities. After all, reduced poaching, trafficking, encroachment, and improper and illegal land uses result from various interventions. While SA 3 has the most direct link to improving ecosystem goods and services from conservation areas, the actions of other SAs could support governance bodies, LGUs and LRMUs to do their part to improve on-site conservation management. Research results from SA 4 will generate science-based information for more efficient and effective way of managing wildlife habitats, especially on how these are linked to the sustainability and enhancement of ecosystem goods and services. Research results will bridge the knowledge gap between conservation, development and human well-being.
12 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 3 ACTIVITIES FOR YEAR 2
This section discusses the Protect Wildlife Year 2 work plan, which covers the period from July 2017 to September 2018. The priority activities planned for the period July to September 2017 have been presented in the Protect Wildlife Annual Report for Year 1 (July 2016 to June 2017) and are reiterated in this plan.
The Protect Wildlife team developed the Year 2 work plan based on an internal review of Year 1 implementation and accomplishments, reflections on lessons and insights from completed actions, realignment of the Protect Wildlife Theory of Change, and recommendations from regional and national stakeholders’ consultations. The team identified and planned actions and sub-actions to achieve the activity’s intermediate results. These actions and sub-actions combine continuing activities from the Year 1 work plan, new initiatives, “deepening” interventions, start-up and replication activities in expansion areas, and intentional efforts to seize emerging opportunities and buy-ins from local partners.
Year 1 implementation yielded evolving processes and tangible deliverables and outputs. For example, the SA 1 training on Campaigning for Conservation (C4C) in southern Palawan resulted in localized implementation of a mini-behavior change communication (BCC) campaign. The activity proposes to modify this approach for small protected areas or further refine the program to fit other sites. Under SA 3, an integrated and spatial-based approach to determine and validate policy-designated land uses at the landscape, LGU and LRMU levels revealed important areas that need to be considered in harmonizing overlapping land use policies, setting boundaries of various land uses especially in public lands, directing multi-objective investments, and regulating improper land and resource uses over time.
As in Year 1, Protect Wildlife will continue to use a variety of implementation arrangements and mechanisms to engage partners. As shown in Table 3, there are at least nine possible groups of partners that Protect Wildlife can engage to plan and carry out joint activities. Protect Wildlife will work with national and local governments, multi-sectoral governance bodies, CSOs, colleges and universities, private organizations and on-site LRMU managers in both existing and expansion areas in its sites. As of end of September 2017, 71 institutional partners (Annex A) have expressed interest and willingness to collaborate and jointly finance activities with Protect Wildlife. Protect Wildlife will continue to plan and do activities and share resources with these partners to address common objectives and interests.
The Year 2 work plan includes continuing and expansion activities in Palawan and Zamboanga City-Sulu Archipelago and new activities in GenSan-Sarangani-South Cotabato.
Table 4 provides a summary of Year 2 target deliverables by SA and by regional site. Palawan is expected to contribute to all of the SA target deliverables. Due to the unstable peace and order situation in Zamboanga City-Sulu Archipelago, the activity is quite conservative in setting Year 2 targets in this site. The GenSan- Sarangani-South Cotabato site offers potential to contribute to most SA targets.
We adjusted Year 2 contract deliverable targets to account for shortfalls from Year 1 implementation.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 13
TABLE 3: PARTNERS AND POSSIBLE AREAS OF COLLABORATIVE ACTIVITIES
and
ation ation
visits, visits, and social social and POTENTIAL PROTECT
WILDLIFE PARTNERS
Piloting and Piloting
piloting, etc. piloting,
prioritization
implementation
Behavior change Behavior
linked enterprises and enterprises linked
-
development, R&D development,
training, cross training,
coaching/mentoring,
enforcement, zoning, enforcement,
marketing campaigns marketing
regulation, enterprise enterprise regulation,
Analysis and Analysis technical
assessments related to related assessments
behaviors, governance, governance, behaviors,
critiquing, entry points, points, critiquing,entry
livelihoodsLRMUs with
NR
Biodiversity conserv Biodiversity
communication
E
Capacitybuilding, including
Research and development, Researchdevelopment, and planning,legitimization of commercialization viable including outreachprograms including
1. National government agencies ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 2. Local government units ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 3. Multisectoral governance bodies of protected and ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ conservation areas and multi- LGU ancestral domains 4. Civil society organizations ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 5. Private sector groups ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 6. People’s organizations and indigenous people’s ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ organizations 7. Media and advocacy groups ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ 8. Higher education institutions and training and research ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ organizations 9. Other USAID-supported ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ activities
TABLE 4: SUMMARY OF YEAR 2 CONTRACT DELIVERABLES BY STRATEGIC APPROACH AND TARGET SITE
YEAR 2 CONTRACT DELIVERABLES 17 YEAR 1 GenSan- RESULTS / Zamboanga DELIVERABLES Per Sarangani- CONTRACT Adjusted18 Palawan City-Sulu Manila contract South TARGET Archipelago Cotabato
SA 1 100 people trained to lead behavior 24/30 70 76 25 24 27 change campaigns 25 behavior change campaigns 1/5 5 9 5 3 1 TBD19 implemented
17 The activity team internally agreed that targets for SAs by region may be increased, where feasible, to exceed contract deliverable targets in Year 2. These internal targets will be re-evaluated at the end of each quarter in discussions with USAID. 18 Includes carry-over targets from Year 1. 19 The Year 2 SA 1 targets refer to BCC campaign implementation at target sites that are aligned to specific counter wildlife trafficking and habitat protection goals and designed to effect change in specific behaviors of targeted audiences in the sites. The team will explore new BCC campaign activities in Manila that will support a key counter wildlife trafficking or habitat protection issue that is relevant for the Manila audience, or within their power to affect.
14 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 YEAR 2 CONTRACT DELIVERABLES 17 YEAR 1 GenSan- RESULTS / Zamboanga DELIVERABLES Per Sarangani- CONTRACT Adjusted18 Palawan City-Sulu Manila contract South TARGET Archipelago Cotabato
300,000 people reached by 1,870/ 20,000 22,000 9,000 11,000 2,000 TBD behavior change 4,000 campaigns SA 2 US$500,000 revenue generated from the sale of $4,354 / US$65,000 US$70,650 US$40,650 US$5,000 US$25,000 ecosystem $10,000 services in targeted sites 100 payment for ecosystem services or 18 5/10 13 9 2 7 tourism initiatives supported in targeted sites US$5 million GDA investments in $100,000/ US$0.65 US$0.65 US$0.65 Protect Wildlife $50,000 million million million20 anti-poaching and trafficking efforts SA 3 200 LGU staff trained in participatory planning for 30/20 30 30 15 5 10 integrated conservation and development 2,500 community members trained in planning and implementation of 101/100 400 400 170 130 100 integrated conservation and development 200 LGU staff trained, certified and formally deputized as 9/10 40 41 31 10 - WEOs by government agencies 500 community members trained and certified as 7/30 95 118 70 24 24 WEOs by government agencies
20 The Manila team will lead GDA investment generation and will aim to exceed the target by engaging with industry groups for support in livelihoods and local enterprises, research, communications campaigns and enforcement. GDA investments generated will be allocated among Protect Wildlife SAs and sites.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 15 YEAR 2 CONTRACT DELIVERABLES 17 YEAR 1 GenSan- RESULTS / Zamboanga DELIVERABLES Per Sarangani- CONTRACT Adjusted18 Palawan City-Sulu Manila contract South TARGET Archipelago Cotabato
SA 4 25 university- supported research initiatives 1/4 5 821 3 4 1 implemented at target sites 10 universities developing conservation 4 0/2 2 2 2 - curricula with support from Protect Wildlife SA 5 1,000 government staff trained in combating wildlife 161/100 200 200 50 50 30 70 and environmental crime 50 new or revised laws and regulations 9 3/5 7 3 3 - 3 adopted to combat wildlife crimes 1,000 confiscations, seizures and arrests resulting 42/50 100 108 58 40 - 10 from capacity building provided by Protect Wildlife
3.1 YEAR 2 TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES IN MANILA
3.1.1 SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS In Year 2, Protect Wildlife expects changes in the DENR senior management as the newly appointed DENR Secretary completes his assessment of the bureaucracy and its current programs and activities at the central office and in the regions. More changes may happen at the DENR central and field units when the Commission on Appointments of the Philippine Congress acts on the DENR Secretary’s appointment. Organizational and operational changes in DA-BFAR, NCIP and various enforcement agencies may also influence implementation of Year 2 activities, especially those of SA 3 and SA 5.
In the year ahead, there are emerging opportunities to strengthen national policies and guidelines, networks and collaborative activities with DENR-FMB, the different technical divisions of DENR-BMB, colleges and universities, financing institutions, private sector, other national government agencies such as the Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board (HLURB) and other USG-supported activities. Based on site-level
21 Given the number of universities that have formally expressed interest to participate in Protect Wildlife, there is possibility for university research initiatives to exceed Year 2 targets.
16 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 experiences, the team is more prepared to dialogue and discuss innovative approaches for reducing threats to biodiversity, combat wildlife poaching and trafficking, and improve ecosystems goods and services.
Accordingly, SA advisors and technical specialists based in Manila will continue to work as thought leaders in their respective areas of expertise and sector. In Year 2, the technical team in Manila will:
1. Based on lessons learned and site-level experiences in the implementation of activities to meet conservation-specific deliverables, develop, design or refine, conduct or replicate training modules and capacity building interventions for the national and local levels in collaboration with Protect Wildlife field units, government counterparts and partners; Document and seek opportunities to present and share innovative processes and outputs at the national and sub-national levels that were found to be effective and efficient in reducing threats to biodiversity, combatting wildlife poaching and trafficking, and improving the conservation area’s provision of ecosystem goods and services; 2. Prepare terms of reference and bid documents for engaging individuals and institutions to implement SA activities in Manila and in the regional sites; 3. Coordinate and collaborate with national agency partners and projects with similar or complementary objectives for the joint conduct of activities such as policy reviews, fora, training and communication events; 4. Initiate discussions with national and international resource institutions, private sector and civil society organizations to identify and pursue conservation campaigns, development and application of innovative emerging tools and techniques such as digital applications to reduce wildlife poaching and trafficking, monitor illegal activities in seascapes-landscapes, improve databases and data analysis, linkages between communities and markets, and mentoring and support to regional academic institutions.
The contribution of Manila to the target deliverables is in Table 4. The schedules for carrying out activities in Manila and for supporting implementation activities in the sites are in Table 6.
3.1.2 KEY ACTIVITIES AND TARGETS BY STRATEGIC APPROACH SA 1: Improve attitudes and behavior toward biodiversity and its conservation in target areas at a statistically significant level Theory of Change Result: Foundational knowledge improved 1. Design and plan training on social marketing for behavior change for Zamboanga City, central and northern Palawan and GenSan-Sarangani-South Cotabato.
SA 1 will redesign its capacity building product, Campaigning for Conservation, for Zamboanga City in order to adapt to local realities such as lack of communications experience, availability of staff from LGUs and representatives from people’s organizations for five days of uninterrupted workshop participation, and the limited and constrained hands-on practicum due to the peace and order situation in the target areas. The new design will be a variant prototype for testing, refinement and implementation. The workshop will cover behavior change theory and social marketing basics with heavier emphasis on the practical application of these two concepts. The training in Zamboanga City will provide inputs to the communication and outreach strategies for Pasonanca Natural Park and Santa Cruz Islands. The behavior change campaigns that will result from the training will directly support the ongoing zoning and enforcement efforts to reduce threats to biodiversity in the protected areas.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 17 For Puerto Princesa City, northern Palawan LGUs and GenSan-Sarangani-South Cotabato, the full C4C module—a total of 10 days of learning and planning mini-behavior change campaigns for each site —will be delivered as part of the suite of SA 1 interventions for Year 2 expansion sites.
SA 1 will hold a post-training evaluation exercise and mentoring with training participants for the effective design and implementation of their mini-campaigns.
2. Design and supervise implementation of baseline KAP survey
Baseline knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) surveys will need to be implemented in the remaining sites of Zamboanga City, central and northern Palawan and GenSan-Sarangani-South Cotabato to properly monitor changes in attitudes, behaviors and perceptions.
SA 1 plans on working with a university partner, in coordination with SA 4, to develop a qualitative baseline activity for use in Zamboanga City. The team will undertake the bidding process for a third- party research organization to design and implement a full baseline KAP in central and northern Palawan and GenSan-Sarangani-South Cotabato. For the survey in Region 12, Mindanao-based research organizations, including university-based ones, will be invited to submit bids. The terms of reference for the survey will enjoin the participation of academe partners of Protect Wildlife in the KAP survey to enhance their understanding and awareness of the behavioral challenges that the activity will confront in the conservation areas.
SA 1 proposes to build from the existing instruments developed for southern Palawan KAP in Year 1. Some adjustments will be required—based on initial indications of the sites’ conservation aspirations and challenges, as well as insights from the past KAP research—to make instruments applicable for each site’s context.
SA 1 will supervise and monitor progress of KAP surveys and review reports. It will be responsible for feeding back to stakeholders and BCC campaign teams the results of the surveys.
3. Analyze and share baseline KAP results
SA 1 will initiate a more in-depth analysis of the results of the KAP baseline surveys and the challenges to improving attitudes and behavior towards conservation. Results will be fed back to stakeholders and BCC campaign teams to improve on-site campaigns. The results can also be shared in relevant conservation forum and symposia or through publication of the KAP study.
Theory of Change Result: Improved institutional and private sector attitudes toward conservation
4. Develop campaigns in support of specific SA and partner activities
SA 1 will collaborate with national and local partners to design, test and mount various campaigns in Manila and activity sites that will benefit national agency partners, the private sector and other local institutions. The strategy will be to “piggy-back” on planned communication, education and public awareness activities of DENR or corporate social responsibility activities of private sector companies, or local advocacy campaigns of other partner institutions and then add value by integrating a behavior change communication component to their initiatives. These activities will include the celebration of international and local environmental events, school caravans in major urban centers or conservation advocacies with the private sector. It will also include an enforcement advocacy and reporting campaigns in transshipment points, such as airports, seaports, bus terminals, markets and commercial establishments.
18 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2
SA 1 will work with the Communications Specialist to design a consolidated communication plan and a calendar of communication activities for Year 2. The calendar of 2018 activities should be available by end of January 2018. SA 1 and the Communications Specialist will coordinate with other Manila-based SA technical leads to align their campaign needs, content for the campaigns and scheduling. It will take stock of campaign initiatives to study how to strengthen longer-running campaigns and how to improve tactical campaigns for the next runs.
SA 2: Intensify financing from private and public sectors and internally generated revenues for biodiversity conservation Theory of Change Result: Available conservation financing arrangements are identified and realigned to support conservation 1. Develop a decision tool that will facilitate adoption or operationalization of payment for ecosystem services (PES) schemes for water supply and ecotourism
This tool will allow for the analysis of current payments for ecosystem services by LGUs, water utilities and ecotourism operators relative to the value of the resource that may be determined through a cost-based approach to resource valuation. The development and testing of the tool uses the LGU PES cases that have been initiated in Palawan and Zamboanga City. Resource valuation and the analysis of costs and revenue of water and tourism operations may be used to build cases for the adjustment of existing tariffs/fees, realignment or reallocation of available funds for conservation activities and adoption of long-term sustainability measures. Theory of Change Result: Opportunities for new conservation financing arrangements identified and designed with partners 2. Pursue opportunities for Global Development Alliance support
This will involve the identification of for profit and non-profit organizations that are willing to enter into partnership with Protect Wildlife and extend financing and other support to activities designed to reduce poaching and trafficking of wildlife and the encroachment into and destruction of habitats. Protect Wildlife team will explore and pursue GDA investments for the following: • Enforcement, which may include the development of systems and tools to improve detection, reporting, confiscations and arrests; and adoption of measures by the private transport sector to prevent the transport of trafficked wildlife and wildlife products. • Communication campaigns that support the protection of highly threatened wildlife species and the conservation of their habitats and the reduction of demand for illegally harvested wildlife. • Development of multiple use zones of protected and conservation areas. Investments can be for the establishment of tree plantations and fuelwood lots by tenured communities, and smallholder production of permanent crops and marketable commodities. Private sector support may also be provided through marketing agreements, contract growing or outsourcing of products. • Startup of innovative community livelihoods and enterprise models, expansion of local community enterprises, business incubation and business and enterprise development services through value chain marketing, management capacity development and pre- and post-investment business planning. • Provision of essential social services and facilities to upland and coastal communities involved in the management of specific land resource and management units. • Research and development that relate to conservation issues.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 19 Theory of Change Result: Partners initiate and implement financing arrangements 3. Finalize GDA agreements and prepare and carry out implementation plans GDA agreements will be formalized through a Memorandum of Understanding with the USAID/Philippines. The mechanism and arrangements for the implementation of the financing agreement will have to be spelled out in a joint action plan that is agreed upon and implemented with GDA partners. The SA 2 team will work closely with Lutheran World Relief (LWR) to operationalize arrangements with Ecumenical Church Loan Fund (ECLOF) Philippines, which will serve as the financial conduit of LWR funds for livelihood and community enterprises in southern Palawan.
SA 3: Improve biodiversity conservation competencies of local government units, governance bodies, civil society organizations, and land and resource management units
Theory of Change Result: Willing LGUs and other stakeholders in conservation areas identified 1. Engage key national and regional DENR, HLURB and NCIP staff in guiding and assisting DENR and NCIP field staff in conservation planning and management, and forest land use planning (FLUP)
The team will organize or co-organize national and sub-national training and workshops, with DENR, NCIP and HLURB as key participants, to share emerging tools and techniques for enhancing current approaches to conservation planning and management, and FLUP as part of the LGUs’ comprehensive land use plans (CLUP). Focus will be given to approaches that deal directly with balancing land and resource uses in conservation and production areas in public lands, and setting boundaries and regulation of demographic and economic sector expansion while allowing provision of major social and infrastructure support for communities in public lands. The team will provide guidance to national and regional DENR and NCIP staff in the replication and scaling up of these effective approaches in LGUs that they have identified and prioritized.
2. Assess competencies of LGUs, DENR field staff, members of protected area management boards and managers of land and resource management units in expansion sites on conservation and development oriented land and resource use planning and management.
Expansion areas for Year 2 encompass a more diverse range of seascapes-landscapes than in Year 1. These include Bud Bongao and Malum watershed in Tawi-Tawi, Rasa Island and Ursula Island bird sanctuaries in southern Palawan, Cleopatra’s Needle Forest Reserve, El Nido-Taytay in northern Palawan, Mount Matutum and Allah Valley Protected Landscape in South Cotabato and the Sarangani Bay. To assess the current capacities of partners in expansion sites, the assessment tools and processes used in Year 1 will be customized to suit new conservation sites.
Table 5 shows the biologically significant areas that are included in the targets for improved management in Year 2. Protect Wildlife aims to again exceed its annual target. The assessment will serve as an important step towards securing firm commitment and support of LGUs, DENR field units, civil society and communities as these will be critical for the adoption and endorsement of agreed-upon land and resource uses within the political boundaries of LGUs, in protected areas, and in ancestral domain and other tenured areas.
20 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 TABLE 5: YEAR 2 TARGET SITES FOR IMPROVED MANAGEMENT OF BIOLOGICALLY SIGNIFICANT AREAS
AREA NUMBER OF MUNICIPALITIES/ YEAR 2 TARGET SITES (hectares) BARANGAYS Palawan 96,229 Cleopatra's Needle Forest Reserve 38,693 15 barangays in Puerto. Princesa City Mount Mantalingahan range LGU Forests 55,536 31 barangays with forestlands (outside the protected area) Rasa Island Wildlife Sanctuary 1,983 1 barangay in the Municipality of Narra Ursula Island Game Refuge and Bird Sanctuary 17 1 barangay in the Municipality of Bataraza Zamboanga City 21,035 Ayala Watershed 3,703 Manicahan Watershed 2,939 Talon-Talon-Mampang Mangrove area 597 3 barangays Zamboanga City LGU forests 52 barangays including those in Ayala and 13,796 (outside Pasonanca Natural Park) Manicahan watersheds Tawi-Tawi 548 Bud Bongao Conservation Area 548 Municipality of Bongao GenSan-Sarangani-South Cotabato 15,600 Municipalities of Polomolok, Tampakan, Mount Matutum Protected Landscape 15,600 Tupi, Malungon TOTAL 133,412
Toward the latter half of Year 2, similar assessments may be required for the fourth focal site of Protect Wildlife. Theory of Change Result: Increased capacity of relevant government agencies, protected area management boards and CSOs in integrated resource planning and management 3. Improve delivery of training modules on FLUP and protected area management planning
Based on the experience of SA 3 and site teams in Year 1, training designs, materials and methods used in the initial sites in southern Palawan and Zamboanga City will be reviewed and refined prior to their use in Year 2 sites. The review will identify and synthesize learnings from the Year 1 experience, particularly the approaches that worked and those that need to be improved. The training modules will have enough flexibility so these can easily be adjusted or refined based on basic characteristics of sites such as the ecosystem type; area; the competencies of stakeholders, status of current protected area management plans, forest land use plans or comprehensive land use plans; tenurial status of the area; and the interest and commitments of stakeholders to participate in planning activities. The training designs will continue to incorporate and emphasize gender concerns.
The team will also use the experience on site validation and spatial data analysis in Year 1 to improve mapping support to resource management planning at different levels. The use of decision maps, with the appropriate and practicable scales, will be demonstrated to LGU and DENR technical teams to enable them to make pragmatic recommendations on allowed and disallowed land and resource uses, related management prescriptions and investment areas.
4. Develop training modules to deepen capacities in management plan implementation
The above review activities will also be an opportunity to chart additional capability building inputs that governance bodies, LGUs and managers of land and resource management units, especially those who have gone through the steps of FLUP and protected area management planning, will need to strengthen capacities to implement management plans. These could be in the areas of developing
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 21 policy support instruments that are gender and culture-sensitive, enforcing zoning and land use and management prescriptions, enforcing wildlife and conservation laws, investment analysis and fund leveraging for the development of production areas and livelihoods of communities, business planning for ecotourism, behavior change communication and monitoring and evaluation for adaptive management.
5. Develop refresher orientation programs for management bodies and LGUs to improve management of protected and conservation areas
There is need to improve the level of effectiveness of protected area management boards and similar LGU-based management bodies as the main policymaking and governance bodies of protected and conservation areas. SA 3 will work with the concerned BMB and DENR regional staff to develop re- orientation programs for these management bodies. These programs will give emphasis to improving governance practices (i.e., transparency, accountability and participatory decision-making) in the management of the protected and conservation areas, strengthening technical support to the board or council, the continuing education of members and information sharing among management bodies to broaden and enrich their understanding of protected area management issues.
Theory of Change Result: Protected area management board recommends management models to serve as basis for DENR policies and support 6. Evaluate, document and share good practices and models in protected area management
By end of Year 2, Protect Wildlife would have demonstrated protected area planning and management processes and show emerging models that can be replicated in other protection and conservation areas within and outside its regional sites. Working with BMB and DENR Regional Offices, the SA 3 team will document these and analyze policy and skills gaps and current and emerging issues that may affect the scale-up of such processes. Protect Wildlife will organize together with BMB, regional or national-level experience sharing events or forum where management bodies of protected and conservation areas can share good practices and craft policy recommendation that can be presented to DENR management for action.
SA 4: Enhance capacities of universities to advance biodiversity conservation education, research, monitoring and innovation Theory of Change Result: Assessments completed 1. Identify biodiversity focal interests and threats in Protect Wildlife sites and knowledge and information gaps that can be addressed by university-based research
This is a continuing activity of SA 4. As new and expansion sites are identified, Protect Wildlife will search, review and analyze available science-based reports, published articles and literature on the focal species and their habitats (e.g., civet cats in South Cotabato, marine mammals in Sarangani Bay) and on the major threats to biodiversity conservation in these sites. The initial review will also include the development goals and plans for the region and province and protected area management plans that may be available. Knowledge gaps that may be considered for inclusion in the activity’s research and extension agenda for the new sites will then be determined.
2. Assess capacity of new partner colleges and universities
It is critical that university partners of Protect Wildlife has the capacity and willingness to prepare biodiversity-oriented and client-responsive RDE programs; has experience and record in ENR- related research; and has internal capability to package research proposals, manage research projects
22 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 and access and mobilize resources. The assessment of partner universities focuses on these five areas: the range of specialization of faculty involved in research and extension, existing research facilities, linkages and networks, relevant research publications and fund sources for research. For Year 2, the assessment will cover universities in Region 12 and new college and university partners in Palawan and Zamboanga City. Theory of Change Result: Colleges and universities have increased capacity to align their RDE with stakeholder priorities and needs 3. Work with partner colleges and universities on the preparation of the development-oriented and client-responsive RDE agenda The SA 4 team will collaborate with partner universities in formulating an RDE agenda that takes into account the priority conservation-related development and investment plans of the region or provinces and draws on their comparative advantage and research capacity. There are universities that have produced, through their past research, mature technologies that are ready for extension, pilot commercialization and replication or expansion. There are universities that can serve as the research arm for specific conservation areas in view of previous work and stake in these areas. Other universities may be interested to focus their RDE activities on certain thematic areas such as indigenous food and medicinal plants of indigenous peoples in Palawan. In the process of developing their RDEs, partner universities will be encouraged to hold dialogues and scoping sessions with protected area superintendents, protected area management boards, LGUs and other stakeholders to facilitate common understanding of conservation and development goals and identify opportunities to contribute to these goals. The activity will advocate that these universities maintain the conservation and development orientation in their long-term RDE programs. Theory of Change Result: Capacity of partner colleges and universities to leverage funds, do research and curriculum development, and disseminate research results increased 4. Facilitate development and implementation of research and curriculum development programs
Protect Wildlife will facilitate the signing of Memorandum of Understanding between USAID and the partner universities and other agreements that may be needed to formally engage the universities to do joint research work with the activity and other partners in designated conservation areas, and to pursue their curriculum development initiatives. Protect Wildlife will link universities with resource institutions (e.g., Department of Science and Technology [DOST]) or technical specialists and sponsor the participation of university staff in relevant symposia as they develop their concept notes, proposals and work plans on proposed conservation-related research and curriculum development areas. Short-term specialists may be engaged by the activity to provide critical inputs and technical advice during actual research and curriculum development work. Curricular programs that have so far been proposed for improvement by interested universities are in the fields of biology, forestry, coastal and marine science, environmental management and criminology. The SA 4 team will monitor progress of activities and ensure that logistical requirements are provided on a timely basis.
As implementation proceeds, discussions with partner universities will include analysis of results and the implications of such for further research or replication, investments and national and local policymaking. This information will allow Protect Wildlife to calibrate its technical assistance to partners who are to benefit from science-based information that are being generated.
5. Assist colleges and universities leverage support from other sources
The team will review the priority areas for research, curricular development and extension of partner colleges and universities as contained in their conservation-oriented RDEs. It will assist these
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 23 institutions in leveraging funding support from local organizations (e.g., LGUs, protected area management boards and private sector), research funding agencies (e.g., Department of Science and Technology, Commission on Higher Education) and other donor-funded programs and projects.
The SA 4 team will identify educational institutions and research organizations in Manila and abroad with strong interest to support biodiversity conservation research and education activities of universities in Protect Wildlife sites. Support can be in the form of research grants to university faculty and graduate students, mentoring and partnerships in field-testing or rollout of developed technologies or educations programs, sponsorship of seminars or lectures by visiting professors on relevant research and extension initiatives, peer review of research reports and others. Protect Wildlife may co-fund activities that will strengthen their partnership.
6. Explore available opportunities for the publication or presentation of Protect Wildlife- supported research and other studies
Protect Wildlife will consider co-sponsorship of regional or national forum, or support the participation of college and university research teams in events where the activity-supported research and field-tested practices and relevant studies of other organizations will be presented. There is a research consortium in Palawan (Palawan Knowledge Platform), Region 9 (Western Mindanao Agricultural and Aquatic Resources Research and Development Consortium) and ARMM (ARMM Agricultural and Aquatic Resources Research and Development Consortium) and these hold annual symposium. SA 4 team will determine the plans, schedules and theme for 2018 of regularly held scientific symposia or seminars of DENR-BMB and national academic and research institutions (e.g., DOST-Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic, and Natural Resources Research and Development, DOST-Philippine Council for Health Research and Development, Federation of Institutions of Marine and Freshwater Sciences) and work out ways to participate in these.
Protect Wildlife will aim to have research, assessment and documentation outputs published in local and international scientific journals. Theory of Change Result: Enabling conditions in place 7. Initiate discussions with PCSDS and concerned regional and national agencies on policy implications of research results
SA 4 will hold dialogues with PCSDS, DENR Regional Offices, DENR-FMB, DENR-BMB and DENR-ARMM on policy issues and recommendations arising from research undertaken. Examples would be on existing permitting policies and processes related to almaciga tapping and harvesting of tongkat ali in Palawan. Protect Wildlife will work for the review, clarification or reform of relevant policies in the light of the research study results.
SA 5: Enhance competencies of national government agencies in enforcing biodiversity conservation-related laws and policies In Manila, the activity will continue working with DENR and other enforcement law agencies to improve their capacities to support local level enforcement systems within their agencies and inter-agency and inter- sectoral bodies. The activity will identify components of enforcement systems (protocols, policies, agreements, database, monitoring system, budgets, equipment, etc.) where it can add value and enhance national level initiatives.
24 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 Theory of Change Result: National and local enforcement capacity improved 1. Provide support to DENR-BMB Wildlife Resources Division in the review or development of national policies and mechanisms for enforcement
SA 5 will work with the Wildlife Resources Division for the development of national policies and regulatory frameworks that will contribute to addressing issues related to wildlife gathering and trafficking, and the prosecution of violators of wildlife laws, rules and regulations. The SA 5 team will provide inputs and assist in ongoing consultations for the development and review of national enforcement policies, including but not limited to the following: • Wildlife Act revisions, • Framework for resource valuation of trafficked wildlife, • Policy on detrimental findings for economically important species, and • Administrative adjudication procedures for protected areas.
The team will also provide inputs and assistance in ongoing consultations for the development of protocols and enforcement mechanisms, including the following: • Enforcement Coordination Protocol for Marine Turtles in Marine Protected Areas (MPAs), and • Wildlife Law Enforcement Action Plan
Possible support that Protect Wildlife can provide to other policy initiatives will be discussed with the Wildlife Resources Division. Specific areas of interest include the following: • Crafting inspection procedures to strengthen wildlife trafficking monitoring unit ability to inspect cargos in seaports, • Developing policy guidelines for LGUs on the adoption of flagship species under RA 9147, and • Updating the barcode database on wildlife DNA.
2. Provide specialized capacity building activities to different wildlife and environmental enforcement groups to improve wildlife law enforcement and prosecution
SA 5 will assist in the design and support the conduct of priority training activities including the following:
• Wildlife crime scene forensics and investigators course. This two-part program will train designated personnel of different wildlife enforcement agencies on wildlife crime scene forensics and conduct of wildlife crime investigations. On forensics, participants will learn the procedure of processing a wildlife crime scene, including photo documentation, evidence tagging, gathering of DNA samples and chain of custody of evidence. On investigations, participants will learn how to question suspects and witnesses, analyze crime data, develop case profiles and build cases against violators. • Wildlife identification course. This is a training on the identification of confiscated wildlife species from traffickers. This will deepen skills and knowledge that will enable participants to do better filing of cases against wildlife violators. Under the Wildlife Act, penalties are based on the CITES classification of a particular species. Training participants are from the DENR, PCSDS and other allied wildlife enforcement agencies. • Study visit to U.S. government wildlife forensics laboratory. Selected senior policy makers from the legislative and executive departments will tour US government facilities that provide forensics support for wildlife law enforcement. This will help policy makers appreciate how forensics laboratories work and how they contribute to improve wildlife law enforcement. With this tour, the activity looks forward to increased support from policy makers, especially in allocating funds for upgrading government wildlife forensics facilities.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 25 • Orientation Seminar on National and International Policies on Ivory and the Wildlife Trade. This is a long-term Wildlife Resources Division program for informing enforcement agencies assigned at airports and seaports on enforcement protocols, identify commonly trafficked wildlife and specify regulatory documents related to the wildlife trade. This will boost the activity’s goal of improving off-site enforcement against transshipped wildlife.
3. Pursue the development of tools, systems and innovations for wildlife law enforcement
The SA 5 team will support the development of management information system (MIS) tools and applications to improve DENR enforcement effectiveness. It will work with the DENR to improve and link up its environmental law enforcement management information systems (ELEMIS), which has the potential to expand usage to different BMB divisions and regions. The management information system tools will also strengthen its interface on the regulatory front. The activity will work with DA-BFAR for strengthening its use of the Fisheries Law Enforcement Management Information System (FLEMIS) which was designed to enable online/offline system of case development and filing, and the use of Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) to track commercial fishing operations in municipal waters, territorial sea and exclusive economic zones with interested local government units in Palawan.
• Development of WildScan as an app-based system to assist its law enforcement personnel for on-site enforcement activities and/or to engage public participation in reporting wildlife crimes. • Development of a Palawan-specific ELEMIS tool for the PCSDS that will bring together the best features of the DALOY 3456 app of the Philippine National Police Maritime Group and DENR’s ELEMIS. The apps will combine reporting, response and case management tool. The apps will improve both the response system of the PCSDS and its database management for wildlife and other environmental crimes. • Publication of wildlife identification field guides. SA 5 will work with the Wildlife Resources Division in updating its wildlife identification field guide for distribution to wildlife law enforcement teams. The field guide will have photos, descriptions (with identifying marks) and corresponding conservation status of its expanded list of commonly traded wildlife. Theory of Change Result: National and local coordination mechanisms for enforcement strengthened 4. Assist in the development of coordination protocols for wildlife trafficking hotspots
SA 5 will help develop coordination protocols that will bring together various law enforcement groups operating in specific wildlife trafficking hotspots.
• Develop the marine turtle MPA network enforcement coordination protocol. SA 5 will meet with the Wildlife Resources Division, GIZ and other partners based in Manila to coordinate and refine consultation process for the coordination protocol on marine turtles. These activities will directly support the conduct of the site-based consultations that provide data and other inputs for the draft coordination protocol. • Assist the establishment of the inter-provincial wildlife law enforcement coordination network (Zamboanga City, Tawi-Tawi, Palawan, Cebu, National Capital Region, etc.)
26 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 TABLE 6: SCHEDULE OF YEAR 2 ACTIVITIES IN MANILA
2017 2018 ACTIVITIES J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S
SA 1: Behavior Change Communication Theory of Change Result: Foundational knowledge improved 1. Design and plan training on social marketing for behavior change (modified C4C) for Zamboanga City (and Tawi-Tawi) 2. Design and plan C4C training in central and northern Palawan 3. Design and plan C4C training for GenSan- Sarangani-South Cotabato 4. Design and supervise qualitative baseline KAP survey in Zamboanga City 5. Design and supervise qualitative and quantitative KAP survey in central and northern Palawan 6. Design and supervise qualitative and quantitative KAP survey in GenSan-Sarangani- South Cotabato 7. Analyze and share KAP results with stakeholders through events or publications Theory of Change Result: Improved institutional and private sector attitudes toward conservation 8. Develop campaigns in support of specific SA and partner activities SA 2: Conservation Financing Theory of Change Result: Available conservation financing arrangements are identified and realigned to support conservation 1. Develop decision tool to facilitate adoption of PES especially for water supply and ecotourism Theory of Change Result: Opportunities for new conservation financing arrangements identified and designed with government agencies 2. Pursue opportunities for GDA support (livelihoods and services, enforcement, research and conservation advocacies) Theory of Change Result: Partners initiate and implement financing arrangements 3. Finalize GDA agreements and prepare and carry out implementation plans
SA 3: Conservation and Governance Theory of Change Result: Willing LGUs and other stakeholders in conservation areas identified 1. Engage national/regional DENR and NCIP in assisting DENR and NCIP field staff in conservation planning and management and FLUP 2. Assess LGUs, DENR field staff, members of protected area management boards and managers of land and resource management units in expansion sites
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 27 2017 2018 ACTIVITIES J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S Theory of Change Result: Increased capacity of relevant government agencies, protected area management boards and CSOs in integrated resource planning and management 1. Improve design and delivery of training modules on protected area management planning and FLUP 2. Develop training modules to deepen capacities in management plan implementation 3. Develop refresher orientation programs for management bodies of protected and conservation areas Theory of Change Result: Protected area management board recommends management models to serve as basis for DENR policies and support 4. Evaluate, document and share good practices and models in protected area management SA 4: Conservation Research
Theory of Change Result: Assessments completed 1. Identify focal interests and threats in Protect Wildlife sites and knowledge gaps that can be addressed by research 2. Assess capacities of new university partners Theory of Change Result: Colleges and universities have increased capacity to align their RDE with stakeholder priorities and needs 3. Work with colleges and universities on the preparation of the development-oriented and client-responsive RDE agenda Theory of Change Result: Capacity of colleges and universities to leverage funds, do research and curriculum development, and disseminate research results increased 4. Facilitate development and implementation of research proposals and curriculum development program 5. Assist partner colleges and universities leverage support from other sources 6. Explore opportunities for publication or presentation of Protect Wildlife supported research studies Theory of Change Result: Enabling conditions in place 7. Initiate discussions with PCSDS and concerned regional and national agencies on policy implications of research results SA 5: Wildlife Law Enforcement Theory of Change Result: National and local enforcement capacity improved 1. Provide support to DENR-BMB-Wildlife Resources Division in the review and development of enforcement policies and mechanisms
28 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 2017 2018 ACTIVITIES J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S 2. Support specialized training such as: • Crime scene forensics and investigators course • Wildlife identification course
• Cross-visit to U.S. forensics laboratories • Orientation Seminar on National and International Policies on Ivory and the Wildlife Trade • Other specialized training of DENR and BFAR enforcement personnel 3. Pursue development of tools, systems and innovations for wildlife law enforcement • WildScan app
• PCSDS ELEMIS tool
• Use of VIIRS at LGU level • Publication of wildlife identification field guide Theory of Change Result: National and local coordination mechanisms for enforcement strengthened 4. Assist the development of coordination protocols for wildlife trafficking hotspots • Marine Turtle MPA Network enforcement coordination protocol • Inter-provincial wildlife law enforcement coordination network (e.g., Zamboanga- Palawan-Cebu-Tawi-Tawi, etc.)
3.2 YEAR 2 TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES IN PALAWAN
3.2.1 SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS
In Year 1, Protect Wildlife focused its activities in Mount Mantalingahan Protected Landscape in southern Palawan and in the five municipalities encompassing the protected area, namely: Bataraza, Brooke’s Point, Quezon, Rizal and Sofronio Española. Protect Wildlife assisted the protected area management board of Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park to analyze and recommend options that will resolve issues on staffing pattern and financial sustainability. Key stakeholders of the Ursula Island and Rasa Island protected areas participated in major SA 1, SA 3 and SA 5 activities in Palawan. In Year 2, Protect Wildlife will deepen its activities and technical support in Mount Mantalingahan. Tubbataha Reefs and the two island protected areas. It will also implement activities in identified expansion areas in central and northern Palawan (Figure 1). Palawan offers the highest potential for contributing to most of the activity deliverables, outputs and outcomes of Protect Wildlife. The activity will build on Year 1 experiences but will explore other opportunities for deepening stakeholders’ capacities to carry out local BCC campaigns, generate financing for conservation and development, improve management of conservation areas, develop and implement conservation-oriented RDE programs, and intensify on-site and off-site enforcement activities.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 29 FIGURE 1: PRIORITY SITES FOR PALAWAN IN YEAR 2
30 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 Protect Wildlife will provide assistance for improving seascape-landscape-based conservation management and regulation in Rasa Island Wildlife Sanctuary, Ursula Island Game Refuge and Bird Sanctuary, Cleopatra’s Needle Forest Reserve and El Nido-Taytay Managed Resource Protected Area. There might also be opportunities for SA 1 and SA 5 to increase environmental awareness and strengthen environmental law enforcement systems in Busuanga Island. Under SA 5, Protect Wildlife will continue to explore opportunities for meaningful involvement in Balabac Island. The City Government of Puerto Princesa has expressed its willingness to work with Protect Wildlife in close collaboration with USAID Strengthening Urban Resilience for Growth with Equity (SURGE) activity, for refining its FLUP as part of the city’s comprehensive land use plan in order to identify, delineate, legitimize and manage critical habitats and conservation areas in Anepahan range and in Cleopatra’s Needle that are within its political jurisdiction.
Under SA 4 and SA 2, Protect Wildlife will continue working with Western Philippines University and Palawan State University for conservation-based, client-responsive and innovative R&D activities. In addition, Protect Wildlife will also collaborate with Holy Trinity University, who recently signified its interest as a partner in conserving Palawan’s biodiversity. Both DENR-PENRO of Palawan and PCSDS have recognized the activity’s significant contributions in capacity enhancement on campaigning for conservation, law enforcement, policy review, forest land use planning, spatial analysis, protected area management planning and conservation financing initiatives. 3.2.2 YEAR 2 FOCUS SA 1 will deepen behavior change campaign activities in southern Palawan based on KAP results and C4C- based mini-BCC campaigns. The team will carry out campaigns to transform behaviors of target communities as both consumers and stewards, leading to reductions in on-site destructive gathering practices; trafficking in key transshipment points; and increased commitment to wildlife law enforcement, regulation of land uses and improved management of natural capital. These campaigns will cover both terrestrial and coastal/marine ecosystems in local government units, tenured areas, ancestral domains and protected areas.
With the expansion of sites in Palawan, SA 1 will also build and improve capacities for behavior change communication through the conduct of the 10-day C4C training with participants from central and northern areas of the province. The principles of behavior change and social marketing can be further embedded in the planning and management processes of protected and conservation areas.
SA 2 team will lead in the identification, assessment and documentation of existing and potential public and private financing sources for the management of the target sites on sustainable financing and discuss mechanisms for generating revenue flows from both public and private sources to support conservation initiatives. The existing partnership with Lutheran World Relief (LWR) will support community livelihoods for communities in and around Mount Mantalingahan Protected Landscape. The team will also help facilitate and develop with interested partner-stakeholders a roadmap for PES schemes for ecotourism and water services. The activities will include standardized cost resource valuation, cost and return analysis, review of PES-related legitimizing instruments, setting up mechanisms on PES, fund establishment and capacity building. The team will explore other opportunities for PES mechanisms in ENR-linked enterprises in Palawan expansion areas.
SA 3’s capacity building for LGUs, governance bodies and community members will continue following the training modules for the preparation of FLUPs and enhanced protected area management plans. The team will assist in the drafting, submission and legitimization of protected area plans by the management boards. The team will assist the technical working groups draft FLUPs that can be incorporated into the LGUs’ CLUPs and investment plans. The completion and legitimization of FLUPs and management plan will open new opportunities for strengthening support to the protected areas, LGUs and land and resource
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 31 management units. Adjustments on the training modules for new sites will input the lessons and experiences generated during the capacity-building program for the first year sites. The spatial analysis team will continue to provide inputs to the mapping of zones and to making pragmatic recommendations on allowed and disallowed land uses and related management prescriptions.
In relation to engaging universities, the key activities include the finalization of RDEs of Western Philippines University, Palawan State University and Holy Trinity University. SA 4 will support all three universities in the selection of priority projects and in the preparation of research proposals. Dialogues between the universities and biodiversity conservation subject area managers, policy-makers and communities will be supported to link the academic institutions with protected area stakeholders. The research projects on sea cucumber ranching will continue to be implemented by the College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences of Western Philippines University. The projects on Eurycoma longifolia Jack and almaciga will be implemented by Western Philippines University’s College of Arts and Sciences. The team will support Western Philippines University for the preparation of a syllabus on a subject on environmental law. The team will work with Holy Trinity University for enhancing existing subjects with biodiversity conservation components. Palawan State University prefers to develop teaching materials in biological subjects that contain biodiversity conservation components.
The SA 5 team will work with both the PCSDS and the LGUs to form the Palawan Wildlife Network (PalaWEN), a networked system of wildlife enforcement officers who have been deputized in various municipalities in the province. The end goal is to have LGUs in hotspots institutionalize wildlife and environmental law enforcement in their municipalities. This will facilitate interceptions of wildlife being trafficked across LGU boundaries and will enhance information sharing within the province. SA 5 will continue to assess the evolving needs of policy makers in Palawan at the provincial and local levels in developing policies to combat wildlife trafficking and to protect wildlife habitats.
Gender concerns will be incorporate in the design and conduct of all SA technical assistance support and training activities.
3.2.3 KEY ACTIVITIES AND TARGETS BY STRATEGIC APPROACH SA 1: Improve attitudes and behavior toward biodiversity and its conservation in target areas at a statistically significant level Theory of Change Result: Foundational knowledge improved The baseline KAP survey results will provide understanding of the level and quality of knowledge on biodiversity conservation as well as the current attitudes, mindsets and practices of communities in southern Palawan. The SA 1 team and C4C trainees use the information to plan, adapt and implement their mini-BCC campaigns for targeted desired behaviors especially on land use and management of natural assets and wildlife law enforcement. 1. Inventory and assess (recent) past and current communication campaigns on conservation in expansion sites
With the expansion of Protect Wildlife in central and northern Palawan, SA 1 will embark on both desktop and on-site research of public communication campaigns that have been implemented. The objectives are to gain initial understanding of what conservation topics have been covered and the reach of campaigns. Anecdotal data on the impact of the campaign, recall, or market perception will also be gathered if no formal KAP baseline and monitoring have been undertaken previously.
32 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 2. Conduct C4C training in Northern Palawan
SA 1 plans to deliver the 10-day C4C training to provide participants (of up to 25 persons) from the central and northern parts of Palawan foundational knowledge on social marketing and behavior change theory and learning-by-doing experience in producing campaign materials. Significant pre- work will be done in Palawan to select suitable participants, training venue and case study site. A preliminary analysis of the case study site will be undertaken prior to the training to develop the Concept Model (links between threats and contributing factors), the Factor Chain and a high-level Theory of Change that will be provide the framework for the focus and design of the behavior change campaign and tracking of the desired changes and impacts.
Theory of Change Result: Improved community attitudes toward conservation
3. Guide and monitor implementation of mini behavior change campaigns
Upon completion of the C4C workshop, participants develop a re-entry plan that allows them to apply the behavior change theory and social marketing skills they acquired. This re-entry plan is focused around the planning and implementation of mini-campaigns that seek to improve conservation-related behaviors in their home sites.
The first batch of C4C participants in southern Palawan and eventually, the C4C trainees from central and northern Palawan will be supported in the application of KAP research tools and the development of concept models and theory of change for their respective areas. The mini research and the results of the bigger KAP baseline survey will guide the development of the audience persona and marketing mix of each campaign. BCC campaign proposals will be revised, enhanced and finalized as part of SA 1’s campaign quality control. The mini-campaigns in southern Palawan will be designed to support and align with the FLUP and protected area zoning regimes that SA 3 is developing with LGUs within the Mount Mantalingahan Protected Landscape.
The roll-out of community campaigns will begin in southern Palawan with the public display, airing (if a mass media touchpoint is used) and performance (in the case of a puppet show) to target audiences of social marketing materials that have been designed and produced in fulfillment of their mini-campaign proposal. Protect Wildlife will provide support to the production of selected social marketing materials and mentor the field teams within the campaign period that should span seven to twelve months. The LGUs are expected to provide the budgets that will allow continuous campaigning to promote/support the adoption of a desired behavior that benefits conservation in Mount Mantalingahan and other protected areas.
The participants will use their detailed BCC campaign plans and their Theory of Change grid to begin monitoring progress particularly on the reach of individual materials and the early adopters of the promoted behavior. During this time, the participants also have the option to adjust their campaigns either by adding social marketing interventions or tweaking messages based on initial findings.
Theory of Change Result: Improved institutional and private sector attitudes toward conservation
4. Support campaigns and advocacies of partners
Apart from the mini-campaigns developed by C4C graduates, SA 1 will collaborate with PCSDS, protected area management boards, DENR-PENRO/CENRO on various campaigns at different levels. A behavior change angle will be embedded in planned and ongoing conservation, education and public awareness initiatives of these partners to improve attitudes and/or promote the adoption
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 33 of a specific behavior. The activities will be linked to the celebration of international and local environment-themed days, school activities in major urban centers, and advocacies with the private sector such as those in the tourism and transportation sector. As campaigns are implemented throughout Palawan or in specific areas, SA 1 will monitor the initiatives and find ways to strengthen and improve the campaigns for the following year.
SA 2: Intensify financing from private and public sectors and internally generated revenues for biodiversity conservation Theory of Change Result: Available conservation financing arrangements are identified and realigned to support conservation
1. Document and assess current public and private funding sources and financing arrangements for the management of target protected areas
Protect Wildlife will identify, assess and document existing and available public and private financing sources for the management of target sites. It will assist DENR, LGUS, CSOs and protected area management boards put in place sustainable financing mechanisms or explore other financing sources that will generate revenue flows from both public and private sources to support conservation initiatives that will ensure sustainable provision of ecosystems goods and services.
The assessment of current public and private financing sources for conservation activities will cover the types of revenues that are being generated, budget and cost profiles for protected area management and the forms of support from LGUs, CSOs and other partners. Part of the analysis will include cash flows from different sources and matching the inflows with the cash needs of the protected areas. The analysis that began in the Mount Mantalingahan range, Tubbataha Reefs and Rasa Island in Year 1 will be continued and expanded to cover the expansion areas in Palawan.
The activity team will assist the DENR, protected area management board and LGUs lay down the financing mix for the management of protected areas and set a realistic timeline for achieving fund commitments from public sources (DENR, LGUs and other government agencies), civil society and private sector, and for generating funds through PES schemes. Protect Wildlife will develop a step- by-step process that protected area management boards and LGUs can use to create business and financial plans tailored to the needs and strengths of their protected and conservation areas.
2. Pursue current initiatives and identify other existing opportunities to establish PES and PES-like schemes that will allow reinvestment of revenues from the use ENR assets in conservation activities.
Initial PES work in Brooke’s Point will be replicated in other LGUs that cover Mount Mantalingahan Protected Landscape: Espanola, Rizal, Bataraza and Quezon. The team will pilot test in these LGUs a tool and a process for doing cost-based resource valuation, cost and return analysis and PES rate negotiation; and for operationalizing PES revenue collection, fund management and re-investment mechanisms. Protect Wildlife will not only help determine the feasibility of PES but also look into opportunities and risks.
Towards the latter part of Year 2, the team will assess PES opportunities in central and northern Palawan particularly on ecotourism. Current PES activities are focused on water use (domestic) and ecotourism. Keeping in mind that protected areas supply a range of goods and services, LGUs and protected area managers in southern Palawan and in expansion areas are encouraged to explore other PES options.
34 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 Theory of Change Result: Opportunities for new conservation financing arrangements identified and designed with partners
Protect Wildlife will assess new opportunities for conservation financing—particularly private partnerships— and help develop sustainable financing portfolios with private and government agency partners.
3. Pursue implementation of the Memorandum of Understanding between USAID and Lutheran World Relief in support of community livelihoods
Under the partnership, LWR and Protect Wildlife will support livelihood activities of communities surrounding Mount Mantalingahan Protected Landscape and make these communities active partners in biodiversity conservation, particularly in enforcement activities. By providing financing and capacity building to selected livelihood activities, the partnership envisions increased productivity, collective marketing and strengthened organization among target communities.
In Year 2, the joint Protect Wildlife and LWR field team will assess existing and potential products from target communities, including existing support systems, market demand, financing services and opportunities for partnership with the private sector for selected high value crops. LWR and ECLOF Philippines will set up a fiduciary fund to provide collateral free working capital and enterprise loans for marginalized communities in and near conservation areas in both terrestrial and coastal/marine areas. Protect Wildlife will facilitate access by community organizations not only to financing but also to enterprise development and management, market linkages and financial management services that are provided under this conservation financing initiative. The activity will also facilitate community participation and involvement in monitoring and evaluation of their own livelihood and enterprise development plans. As implementation proceeds, the team will build up its analysis of the links between productivity, viability and environmental and cultural factors.
4. Identify and pursue local opportunities for Global Development Alliance support
Parallel to GDA promotion efforts in Manila, Protect Wildlife will broker GDA investments by the local private sector in Palawan to support the expansion of markets of local community products, enforcement and habitat/species protection, capacity building and access to social services. Specific areas for support are: • Non-transport of illegal wildlife and wildlife products by the transportation sector (sea and air). • Reduction in demand for wildlife and wildlife products in the tourism industry (including hotels). • Productive development of multiple use zones of protected areas • Community livelihoods and enterprises, including business incubation, business development services, and management capacity development • Research and development by local universities.
SA 3: Improve biodiversity conservation competencies of local government units, governance bodies, civil society organizations, and land and resource management units Theory of Change Result: Willing LGUs and other stakeholders in conservation areas identified
In addition to Mount Mantalingahan, Tubbataha Reefs and Rasa Island protected areas, SA 3 is expanding its competency enhancement support in Year 2 to Cleopatra’s Needle Forest Reserve in Puerto Princesa City and El Nido-Taytay Managed Resource Protected Area, and to the LGUs that cover these protected areas.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 35 1. Assess competencies and training needs of LGUs, DENR, protected area management boards, and managers of land and resource management units in the expansion areas
Competency assessment of the organizations representing the various sectors involved in the management of expansion areas will be undertaken in preparation for the holding of capability building activities for them. The idea is to design the training on integrated conservation and development based on identified needs and gaps instead of the wholesale application of technical assistance modules.
Theory of Change Result: Increased understanding of barriers to participation of men and women in conservation area management
2. Conduct stakeholder/gender analysis in baseline assessments of expansion areas
To understand the roles, perceptions and barriers to participation of men and women, particularly of indigenous groups, in conservation area management, stakeholder and gender analyses will be conducted in the expansion sites as part of the situational analysis. The Tagbanua, Cuyonon and Batak are among the indigenous groups present in the identified protected areas. Measures will be integrated into technical assistance activities to reduce or remove any barriers to the effective participation of indigenous peoples, women and youth to training, planning and conservation activities.
Theory of Change Result: Increased capacity of relevant government agencies, LGUs, protected area management boards and CSOs in integrated resource planning and management
3. Support the legitimization and implementation of the zoning and management plans for the Mount Mantalingahan protected area and LGU forest lands
Priority in the Year 2 agenda of SA 3 in Palawan is the adoption of the management zones for the Mount Mantalingahan protected area by its management board. The approved management zones would then become the basis for the completion, legitimization and implementation of the updated management plan. The completion and subsequent legitimization of the FLUP of the five LGUs in southern Palawan will be pursued and expected to be completed by June 2018.
With the completion of the plans, Protect Wildlife’s assistance will shift to management plan implementation. Assistance extended to LGUs and the protected area management board will give priority to the development of policies, ordinances and regulations in support of zoning, land and resource use enforcement and tenure management within protected areas and forestlands. The strengthening of the enforcement units at the protected area and LGU levels, through mentoring and coaching of deputized WEOs, will form part of plan implementation support. Financing and investments, communications and livelihoods will also be important areas for assistance.
Protect Wildlife will guide at least one indigenous peoples organization in updating its Ancestral Domain Sustainable Development and Protection Plans to make its zoning regime, and allowed and disallowed land and resource uses compatible with the protected area management plan and the FLUP of the LGU.
36 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 4. Update the management plans of new target protected areas through a participatory planning and capability building process
The management plans of four protected areas are for updating: Rasa Island Wildlife Sanctuary, Ursula Island Game Refuge and Bird Sanctuary, El Nido-Taytay Managed Resource Protected Area and Cleopatra’s Needle Forest Reserve. Adopting a modular training approach, Protect Wildlife will guide representatives of stakeholders, who will be organized into technical working groups, in the collection of relevant data, situational analysis, participatory mapping and validation of policy- designated land uses, and development of zoning and land use and management prescriptions. The zoning scheme will be presented to the respective protected area management boards for approval before planning advances to the development of more detailed plans for investment and financing, enforcement, information and education and community livelihoods. In the process of updating the management plans, LGU staff and community members are trained on participatory integrated resource management planning.
The Geographic Information System (GIS) team will prepare the geospatial data sets for the four protected areas and lead the spatial analysis, following improved mapping protocols and procedures. The team will also lead the validation of policy designated land uses in the protected areas through community mapping and the integration of validation results to produce the final land use maps that will be used to define management zones.
5. Train a pool of trainers on FLUP for Palawan LGUs
Protect Wildlife will continue the training of the pool of FLUP trainers for Palawan that was formed jointly by the DENR and PCSDS. Members of the pool are composed of staff from DENR FMB, DENR Region 4B and PCSDS. Their training on FLUP will be a combination of classroom sessions and hands-on work with selected LGUs. They will be provided mentoring as they apply their FLUP skills in helping Puerto Princesa City update its FLUP.
Theory of Change Result: Improved capacity of protected area management boards
6. Support protected area management board initiative to improve local and national policies for protected area management
Protect Wildlife will facilitate a refresher orientation to Palawan protected area management boards on their role and policymaking functions. This will enable the management board to define its functional responsibility vis-à-vis the mandates of LGUs, DENR, PCSDS and other agencies. This activity will help the protected area management boards refocus its engagement and initiate the development of a policy agenda for their respective protected area.
Collectively, the protected area management boards should be able to identify measures that will further strengthen and sustain protected area management effectiveness. The emerging and common need of the target protected areas is how to improve overall management effectiveness including the sustainability of management offices, staffing pattern and institutional set-up. Protect Wildlife will be strategic in providing technical assistance along these lines as well as in providing the venue for the protected area management boards to articulate needs and other policy concerns to DENR management for action.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 37 Theory of Change Result: Professional development of WEOs, enforcement groups and LGU zoning officers is supported 7. Conduct basic enforcement training for LGU and community WEOs, with post-training coaching and mentoring, for deputation and to improve enforcement practices and systems
Enforcement coaching for the trained/deputized WEOs in southern Palawan LGUs will start in Year 2, after they have gained practical enforcement experience since the WEO training in Year 1.
LGUs in expansion areas will be asked to nominate staff and community members who will be trained by Protect Wildlife and PCSDS as WEOs. Those who will meet set requirements will be endorsed to the PCSD for deputation.
SA 4: Enhance capacities of universities to advance biodiversity conservation education, research, monitoring and innovation Theory of Change Result: Assessments 1. Assess capacity of new partner university
Holy Trinity University is the newest partner university of Protect Wildlife in Palawan. The assessment of its research capacity will focus on the range of specialization of faculty involved in research and extension, existing research facilities, linkages and networks, relevant research publications and fund sources for research. Theory of Change Result: Universities have increased capacity to align their RDE with stakeholder priorities and needs 2. Strengthen the conservation and development orientation of the RDE agenda of universities
Although the partner universities in Palawan and Protect Wildlife have agreed on their specific areas for research and curriculum development, the SA 4 team will continue discussions with these universities for the formulation of their RDE agenda. All three universities currently have a high level of engagement in ENR-related research work but their RDEs need to show a strong conservation and development orientation and responsiveness to research needs and gaps in Palawan. The Year 1 analysis of available research results and publications, and information for partners and stakeholders will be used as starting point in discussions with partner universities.
Protect Wildlife will help identify and support opportunities in research that will strengthen the position of the universities to respond to needs of the PCSDS, DENR, protected area management boards and other resource managers for technical, science-based information and tools that will improve biodiversity conservation, management of natural assets and sustainability of ENR-based livelihoods of communities. Theory of Change Result: Capacity of universities to leverage funds, do research and curriculum development, and disseminate research results increased
3. Facilitate implementation of research by partner universities and monitor progress and results
Three research projects are for full implementation with Western Philippines University in Year 2: pilot sandfish sea ranching, sustainable utilization and conservation of tongkat ali, and sustainable utilization and management of almaciga resources. Major activities programmed for Year 2 include
38 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 review of literature and policies, site assessments and community consultations, training and cross visits, sandfish juvenile production, establishment of ocean nursery systems for sandfish and almaciga and tongkat ali resource inventory. Protect Wildlife will provide the logistical and administrative support to these joint projects with Western Philippines University. It will periodically monitor implementation progress in order to respond on a timely basis to the requirements of the projects.
Protect Wildlife will facilitate the development of concept notes and of research proposals for other research areas such as those on medicinal plants and pangolins. The team will reach out to organizations that have expertise in these fields for guidance in defining the scope and methods of the studies, and in research implementation and analysis of results.
Members of the faculty of the relevant units of the university will lead the research. Protect Wildlife will develop mechanisms for the engagement of graduate students in research studies supported by the activity.
4. Facilitate development and implementation of curriculum enhancement initiatives
Curriculum development will consider the enhancement of existing subjects in a relevant academic curricula and the development of new subjects that can be integrated into the curricula. It will also consider both formal and informal courses. Protect Wildlife will support the initiatives of universities through the engagement of short-term consultants who can provide technical guidance to universities in curriculum development, course design and development of training materials. Protect Wildlife will also support and assist in the evaluation of the initial run of improved courses that happens in Year 2.
5. Support participation of Protect Wildlife and partner universities in scientific fora/symposia
Protect Wildlife will co-fund with PCSDS the holding in Palawan of a scientific forum or symposium particularly when these provide opportunities for Protect Wildlife to present the results of its activities and university-led researches. The periodic meetings of the DOST-led research consortium in Region 4B and Palawan can serve as venues for networking, gathering inputs for research design and learning about related researches of other institutions.
SA 5: Enhance competencies of national government agencies in enforcing biodiversity conservation-related laws and policies In Palawan, the activity will continue to support various local enforcement units (inter-agency and inter- sectoral enforcement units at the provincial, city/municipal and protected area management levels) in their efforts to strengthen their knowledge, skills and enforcement systems. Effective enforcement requires that local enforcement units are equipped with the following: trained staff, protocols, policies, agreements, database, monitoring system, equipment and budgets.
Theory of Change Result: Needs, gaps, resources and core competencies on/for wildlife enforcement understood
1. Assess evolving policy needs in Palawan
Protect Wildlife will continue to assess the evolving policy needs of Palawan and how current national, subnational and provincial environment and wildlife management policies can be more responsive to local needs and challenges. SA 5 will engage with the policy and regulatory teams of the DENR, PCSDS, protected area management boards and the MENROs, MAOs and legislative bodies of LGUs to identify policy needs and timelines for developing applicable laws, rules and regulations.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 39 2. Assess other gaps and weaknesses in the enforcement systems of enforcement units in Palawan
As previously indicated, enforcement systems will include protocols, policies, agreements, database, monitoring system, equipment and budgets. The SA 5 team and the different enforcement teams in the province will jointly assess their respective needs, in addition to more responsive policies, and work out appropriate recommendations and actions by concerned organizations.
Theory of Change Result: National and local enforcement capacities to detect, inspect and prosecute improved
3. Train wildlife enforcement teams
SA 5 will continue to capacitate on-site wildlife law enforcement teams of the different national government agencies working in Palawan, together with the PCSDS, LGUs and community members. These trainings will add to the number of competent enforcers in Palawan that will address poaching and trafficking across the province.
Basic Wildlife and Environmental Law Enforcement Training will be held in the expansion sites in Palawan, particularly in the northern part of the mainland and the Calamianes Group of Islands. These areas are known hotspots for wildlife trafficking. Poaching is rampant and the islands serve as a transshipment route. The violations assessment on November 2016 pointed to the need for this training especially by newly assigned enforcement staff of DENR. SA 5 will work with DENR PENRO and the different CENROs in the conduct of WELE Training.
Fisheries law enforcement trainings will be held for the LGUs of Sofronio Espanola, Brooke’s Point, Bataraza, Quezon and Rizal to improve their capacity to enforce laws against IUU fishing in their municipal waters. These trainings will provide for a ridge-to-reef approach in protecting wildlife habitats in southern Palawan and will act as force multipliers against transshipment of wildlife to and from the province.
SA 5 will provide post-training technical assistance for the PCSDS and Bantay Palawan enforcement staff who underwent the WELE training in Year 1. These coaching sessions act as legal clinics for the enforcers as their enforcement actions are analyzed and recommendations provided for improving their general knowledge on laws and strategies. Specialized skills development such as case profiling will also be given during these sessions.
4. Improve tools, systems and technology to identify and report wildlife crimes
In addition to training, SA 5 will strengthen the enforcement systems of the following organizations: PCSDS, DENR PENRO/CENROs, Bantay Palawan of the Province, protected area management board/office of the Protected Area Superintendent and the LGUs of Mount Mantalingahan Protected Landscape. The post training coaching and mentoring being provided by Protect Wildlife will seek to address the critical gaps such as those on local ordinances, protocols, database, monitoring and reporting system. Issues on enforcement budgets will be analyzed in detail and taken up with appropriate decision-makers.
In the case of the PCSDS, SA 5 will work with the PCSDS in developing an electronic monitoring tool for wildlife and environmental cases in Palawan. This tool will allow for a more efficient deployment of resources, an analysis of gaps in enforcement and for a database for trend analysis for wildlife crimes. SA 5 will assist PCSDS in completing its enforcement protocols and putting them into place. In addition, SA 5 will work with PCSDS in developing its enforcement field guide -- a
40 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 quick field reference tool for enforcers, which incorporate various Palawan-specific regulations and photos of commonly traded wildlife species.
Protect Wildlife will assist the PCSDS in rolling out the enforcement protocols for use by other agencies tasked to do wildlife and environmental law enforcement in the Province.
5. Assist in the development of policies for the conservation of key wildlife species of Palawan
SA 5 will work with LGUs and the PCSDS on drafting key policies that will conserve wildlife habitats and protect key wildlife species in Palawan. Municipalities will be encouraged to identify flagship species and provide protection mechanisms for them. In the Calamianes, the creation of large MPAs will provide conservation areas for key wildlife species such as marine turtles, dugongs and tabon birds.
With the PCSDS, the team will assist in developing a new draft regulation that updates and expands the list of threatened wildlife species that will not be subject to trade pursuant to the country’s responsibilities under the CITES.
6. Monitor field enforcement activities
The team will organize periodic focus group discussions with enforcement units at different levels (PCSD, DENR, inter-agency, protected area cluster, municipal and tenure/domain) to understand and document improvements in enforcement activities. The team will develop guide questions and track and triangulate responses from other sources, including reports, media, policies issued, protocols established, databases, certification and/or deputation issuances, budget support, among others. Analysis of the focus group discussions and follow up activities with other data sources will be carried to have a better gauge of improvement/increase in enforcement actions.
Theory of Change Result: National and local coordination mechanisms of enforcement authorities strengthened
7. Assist in developing the Marine Turtle MPA Network enforcement coordination protocol
SA 5 will work with the Wildlife Resources Division in developing a protocol that provides for a coordination mechanism to address marine turtle trafficking in four important marine turtle nesting and development habitats, namely, the El Nido-Taytay Managed Resource Protected Area, Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park, the Municipality of Balabac, Palawan and the Turtle Islands Wildlife Sanctuary. This protocol will strengthen communication and coordination between law enforcers from these four areas that will stem the flow of illegally gathered marine turtles, their parts and derivatives.
8. Support the institutionalization of the Palawan Wildlife Network (PalaWEN)
The team will work with both the PCSDS and the LGUs to form PalaWEN, a networked system of WEOs who have been deputized in various municipalities in the Province. The end goal is to have LGUs in hotspots institutionalize wildlife and environmental law enforcement in their municipalities. This will facilitate interceptions of wildlife being trafficked across LGU boundaries and will enhance information sharing within the province. At the local level, institutionalizing the WEOs will also ensure long-term skills development for trained WEOs and will lessen the chances of enforcement being left to the whims of the mayors and other politicians.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 41 9. Support inter-provincial wildlife law enforcement coordination network
Wildlife from activity sites of Palawan, Zamboanga City and Tawi-Tawi are both cross-trafficked in these areas, or are brought to other hotspot trafficking areas such as Metro Manila, the Bicol Region, Cebu and other parts of Mindanao. With PCSDS as the prime mover, Protect Wildlife will initially link these sites together to provide for an alert mechanism to intercept illegal shipments of wildlife. Full network expansion to Metro Manila and other hotspots will take two to three years and may address major off-site enforcement issues.
TABLE 7: YEAR 2 TARGET DELIVERABLES FOR PALAWAN22
ADJUSTED TARGET PERCENT OF CONTRACT DELIVERABLES DELIVERABLES YEAR 2 DELIVERABLES FOR YEAR 2 TARGET FOR YEAR 2 SA 1 100 people trained to lead behavior change campaigns 76 25 33% 25 behavior change campaigns implemented 9 5 62% 300,000 people reached by behavior change campaigns 22,000 9,000 41% SA 2 US$500,000 revenue generated from the sale of US$70,650 US$40,650 57% ecosystem services in target sites 100 payment for ecosystem services or tourism 18 9 50% initiatives supported in target sites US$5 million GDA investments in Protect Wildlife US$0.65 million —23 anti-poaching and trafficking efforts SA 3 200 LGU staff trained in participatory planning for 30 15 50% integrated conservation and development 2,500 community members trained in planning and implementation of integrated conservation and 400 170 42% development 200 LGU staff trained, certified and formally deputized 41 31 75% as WEOs by government agencies 500 community members trained and certified as 118 70 59% WEOs by government agencies SA 4 25 university-supported research initiatives 8 3 37% implemented at target sites 10 universities developing conservation curricula with 4 2 50% support from Protect Wildlife SA 5 1,000 government staff trained in combating wildlife 200 50 25% and environmental crime 50 new or revised laws and regulations adopted to 9 3 33% combat wildlife crimes 1,000 confiscations, seizures and arrests resulting from 108 58 54% capacity building provided by Protect Wildlife
22 The activity team internally agreed that, where possible, Palawan SA targets for Year 2 may be increased to exceed the contract deliverables assigned to the site. 23 There is no regional breakdown for the target GDA investment generation. The allocation among Protect Wildlife sites will be established during implementation of GDA investments.
42 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 TABLE 8: SCHEDULE OF YEAR 2 ACTIVITIES IN PALAWAN
2017 2018 ACTIVITIES J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S
SA 1: Behavior Change Communication Theory of Change Result: Foundational knowledge improved 1. Inventory and assess past and current communications campaigns on conservation in expansion sites 2. Conduct C4C training in Northern Palawan for expansion areas Theory of Change Result: Improved community attitude toward conservation 3. Guide and monitor implementation of mini behavior change campaigns in southern Palawan Theory of Change Result: Improved institutional and private sector attitudes toward conservation 4. Help plan and support campaigns and advocacies of partners SA 2: Conservation Financing Theory of Change Result: Available conservation financing arrangements are identified and realigned to support communities 1. Document and assess public and private funding sources and financing arrangements for the management of target protected areas 2. Pursue current PES initiatives and identify other opportunities for PES and PES-like schemes • Southern Palawan
• Central and northern Palawan Theory of Change Result: Opportunities for new conservation financing arrangements are identified 3. Pursue implementation of USAID-LWR MOU in support of community livelihoods 4. Identify and pursue local opportunities for GDA support SA 3: Conservation and Governance Theory of Change Result: Willing LGUs and other stakeholders in conservation areas identified 1. Assess competencies and training needs of LGUs, DENR, protected area management boards and other stakeholders in expansion sites Theory of Change Result: Increased understanding of barriers to participation of men and women in conservation area management 2. Conduct stakeholder/gender analysis in expansion sites Theory of Change Result: Increased capacity of relevant government agencies, protected area management boards and CSOs in integrated resource planning and management
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 43 2017 2018 ACTIVITIES J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S 3. Support the legitimization/implementation of Mount Mantalingahan zoning and management plans and LGU FLUPs 4. Update the management plans of new target protected areas through a participatory planning and capability building process 5. Train a pool of trainers on FLUP for Palawan LGUs Theory of Change Result: Improved capacity of protected area management boards 6. Support protected area management board initiatives to improve local and national policies for protected area management Theory of Change Result: Professional development of WEOs and LGU zoning officers 7. Conduct enforcement training for LGU and community WEOs, with post-training coaching/mentoring for deputation and to improve enforcement practices and systems SA 4: Conservation Research
Theory of Change Result: Assessments completed
1. Assess capacity of Holy Trinity University Theory of Change Result: Universities have increased capacity to align their RDE with stakeholder priorities and needs 2. Strengthen the conservation and development orientation of the RDE agenda of three partner universities Theory of Change Result: Capacity of universities to leverage funds, do research and curriculum development, and disseminate research results increased 3. Facilitate implementation of research activities and monitor progress and results • Pilot sandfish sea ranching • Sustainable utilization and conservation of tongkat ali • Sustainable utilization and management of almaciga resources 4. Facilitate development and implementation of curriculum enhancement initiatives 5. Support participation of partner universities in scientific fora/symposia SA 5: Wildlife Law Enforcement Theory of Change Result: Needs, gaps, resources and core competencies on/for wildlife enforcement understood 1. Assess evolving policy needs of Palawan 2. Assess gaps in enforcement systems of enforcement units Theory of Change Result: National and local enforcement capacities to detect, inspect and prosecute improved
44 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 2017 2018 ACTIVITIES J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S 3. Train wildlife enforcement teams • Basic WELE training for LGUs and DENR CENROs in Northern Palawan and Calamianes Islands; Balabac • Fisheries law enforcement training for LGUs in Southern Palawan • Enforcement coaching (province-wide) 4. Improve tools, systems and technology to identify and report wildlife crimes • Enforcement systems for different levels of enforcement units in Palawan • BRAIN (DALOY 3456+ ELEMIS)
• PCSD enforcement field guide • PCSDS enforcement protocols (for roll- out to other enforcement units) 5. Assist in the development of policies for the conservation of key wildlife species of Palawan 6. Monitor field enforcement activities and assist in the analysis of enforcement data Theory of Change Result: National and local coordination mechanisms of enforcement authorities strengthened 7. Assist in developing the Marine Turtle MPA Network enforcement coordination protocol 8. Support the institutionalization of the Palawan Wildlife Network (PalaWEN) 9. Support inter-provincial wildlife law enforcement coordination network
3.3 YEAR 2 TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES IN ZAMBOANGA CITY- SULU ARCHIPELAGO
3.3.1 SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS
The threats to biodiversity in the Zamboanga City-Sulu Archipelago site remain to be of major concern, especially with the increasing intensity of campaigns against lawless elements. Stability of the peace and order condition and risks in providing assistance and support to many of the sites remain high. The President of the Philippines also declared martial law for the whole Mindanao region.
In Year 2, the activity will cover both existing and expansion sites in Zamboanga City and Tawi-Tawi. The two are located in separate administrative regions: Zamboanga City is the capital of Region 9 and Tawi-Tawi is part of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM). Protect Wildlife will venture to expansion areas in existing biodiversity focal sites in Zamboanga City and five pilot municipalities in Tawi-Tawi. In addition, the activity will support the Turtle Islands protected area under SA 3 and SA 5. Assistance, however, will largely depend on the level of security risk in Turtle Islands. Protect Wildlife will also undertake scoping activities in Isabela City and/or the Municipality of Lamitan, both in the Province of Basilan. Figure 2 shows the existing and expansion sites of Protect Wildlife activities in Zamboanga City-Sulu Archipelago in Year 2.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 45 FIGURE 2: PRIORITY SITES FOR ZAMBOANGA CITY AND SULU ARCHIPELAGO IN YEAR 2
46 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 3.3.2 YEAR 2 FOCUS
Zamboanga
In Year 2, Protect Wildlife will complete the FLUP planning process and the updating of five-year management plans of Pasonanca Natural Park and the Great and Little Santa Cruz Islands Protected Landscape and Seascape up to its legitimization process. Protect Wildlife will also assess and undertake necessary technical assistance for improving governance and management of proclaimed watershed areas particularly Ayala and Manicahan watershed as well as the mangrove forest and wildlife habitat in the coastal barangays in Mampang and Talon-talon. Furthermore, Protect Wildlife shall conduct site assessments in identified local conservation areas in Zamboanga City that requires management: Bog Lake (96 hectares), covering three barangays, and Eleven Islands (215 hectares) covering two barangays.
Tawi-Tawi In Year 2, Protect Wildlife, in collaboration with the Provincial Government of Tawi-Tawi, DENR and the Department of Agriculture and Food of ARMM and its provincial and district offices, will collectively pursue appropriate interventions in the province, particularly on the formulation of FLUP, as well as strengthening wildlife and environment law enforcement, starting with the creation of the Tawi-Tawi Anti-Wildlife Trafficking Task Force.
Protect Wildlife intends to support the development thrust of Tawi-Tawi on environmental governance, particularly the enhancement of the management plan of Bud Bongao and the organizational strengthening of the Bud Bongao Management Council. It is likewise planning to include strengthening of the management of existing MPAs in Sitangkay, Sibutu and Languyan; establishing the management body and plan for Malum River and its watershed in Panglima Sugala; and strengthening the wildlife and environmental law enforcement system of Turtle Islands Wildlife Sanctuary. Protect Wildlife may consider providing technical assistance in the formulation of comprehensive land use plans of the three mainland municipalities: Bongao, Panglima Sugala and Languyan.
LGUs and partners in Tawi-Tawi expressed their need for Protect Wildlife support in terms of technical assistance to improve the management, protection, conservation and development of the following sites:
1. In Bongao: Bud Bongao, with a total area of 423.88 hectares, through the Bud Bongao Management Council; mangrove forest in Lapid-lapid Strait, with an area of 800 hectares; and MPAs in Pababag (68.79 hectares.), Ungus-ungus (27.41 hectares) and Pasiagan (16.77 hectares); 2. In Panglima Sugala: Malum River watershed and key bird areas, with an area of 4,649 hectares, covering barangays Boan, Kulape, Dungon, Parangan, Balimbing and Bato-bato; 3. In Languyan: Similac mangrove reserve areas, with 183 hectares; Tubig Kuppiya MPAs with a total area of 3,541 hectares covering barangays Similac, Bakong and Tumahubong; and Kangtipayan MPA with 100 hectares; 4. In Sitangkay: North Lagoon MPAs with 443.17 hectares covering barangays North and South Larap Tunggosong and Datu Putin; Sitangkay MPA with 180 hectares covering barangay Sipangkot and a spawning aggregation site for the Napoleon wrasse; and 5. In Sibutu: spawning aggregation sites for the Napoleon wrasse in barangays Tando Owak, Tahing and Dungun-dungun with 332,160 hectares.
The team may conduct a scoping activity in potential sites in Basilan and Sulu, particularly Isabela City and Lamitan in Basilan and Jolo in Sulu. The scoping, however, will focus on how the Protect Wildlife can work with state and private universities to strengthen their senior high school and collegiate courses or programs
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 47 that are related to biodiversity conservation, environment and wildlife law regulations and enforcement, land and resource use management planning, and behavior change communication campaigns. The project will also seize opportunities to collaborate with various partners to strengthen wildlife law enforcement in Turtle Islands Protected Area, a part of Tawi-tawi province.
3.3.3 KEY ACTIVITIES AND TARGETS BY STRATEGIC APPROACH SA 1: Improve attitudes and behavior toward biodiversity and its conservation in target areas at a statistically significant level Theory of Change Result: Foundational knowledge improved 1. Inventory and assessment of (recent) past and current communication campaigns on conservation in Zamboanga City and Tawi-Tawi
SA 1 will undertake both a desktop and on-site research of public communication campaigns. The objectives are to understand the conservation topics have been covered by past and ongoing campaigns and the reach of the campaign. Since no formal KAP baseline and monitoring has been done in the sites in the past, anecdotal data, recall and perceptions will be used to determine the impact of the campaign.
2. Conduct qualitative assessment of knowledge, attitude and practices in selected sites and communities in Zamboanga City and Tawi-Tawi
In order to create targeted campaigns, insights must be drawn from potential target audiences. To do this, a qualitative study using focus group discussions and key informant interview methods is proposed to be undertaken. The assessment findings will help Protect Wildlife understand better the motivations and attitudes of communities to conservation, which will influence the social marketing strategy that will be developed for the site.
3. Conduct of training on social marketing for behavior change communication for conservation (modified C4C)
SA 1 will conduct a capacity-building activity for up to 25 participants from Zamboanga City LGU and select municipalities from Tawi-Tawi province. The training will cover behavior change theory and social marketing basics with heavier emphasis on the practical application of these two concepts. The training will be immersive and hands-on. Pasonanca Natural Park is being considered as the case study site.
The training will have as participants full-time, regular employees who are involved in outreach fieldwork in their respective areas. Participants should be able to attend the live-in workshop for 7 days uninterrupted and should have the operational mandate to conduct a mini-campaign after the training. Pre-work that needs to be accomplished before the training include the development of a Concept Model (based on threats and contributing factors), a Factor Chain (defines scope for the campaign that suits resources and priorities) and a high-level Theory of Change (shows chain of positive changes and impacts leading to desired behavior change). These documents will be prepared in advance, as these will be used as case study during the training. The team will guide the participants in preparing mini-campaigns that will support protected area and forestland zoning regimes and habitat and species conservation that are being developed in Pasonanca Natural Park and Santa Cruz Islands. The site-specific mini-campaigns will be polished
48 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 after the immersive workshop. Protect Wildlife will provide some funding support for the production of social marketing materials as well as mentoring throughout the campaigning period. Theory of Change Result: Improved community attitudes toward conservation
4. Guide and monitor implementation of mini behavior change campaigns
The implementation phase is where participants begin to publicly display or air (if a mass media touchpoint is used) the social marketing materials that have been designed, or to perform (in the case of a puppet show) to target audiences. The campaign spans seven to twelve months of continuous campaigning to promote the adoption of a desired conservation behavior. Protect Wildlife will support the production of selected social marketing materials for the roll out of the campaigns in the two protected areas. Zamboanga City LGU is expected to allocate a budget in 2018 to allow the local team to carry out their planned campaign activities. SA 1 will help the local team monitor their progress particularly on the reach of individual materials and the early adopters of the promoted behavior. It will be assisted in adjusting their campaigns based on monitoring findings.
Theory of Change Result: Improved institutional and private sector attitudes toward conservation
5. Support campaigns and advocacies of partners
Apart from the mini-campaigns in the two protected areas, SA 1 will collaborate with DENR (Region 9, CENRO-Zamboanga City), Zamboanga City LGU, DENR-ARMM and Tawi-Tawi LGUs on other relevant campaigns, i.e., add value by embedding a behavior change angle to their planned and ongoing information, education and communication initiatives. The activities will be linked to the celebration of international and local environment-themed days, school activities and advocacies with the private sector. In Zamboanga City, DENR-CENRO will be assisted in improving its pipeline communications, education and public awareness (CEPA) activities. In Tawi-Tawi, the activity could be in support of local ecotourism such as in Bud Bongao and mobilizing youth campaigners.
SA 2: Intensify financing from private and public sectors and internally generated revenues for biodiversity conservation Theory of Change Result: Available conservation financing arrangement are identified and realigned to support conservation 1. Finalize analysis of public and private funding sources and financing arrangements for the management of target protected areas
Protect Wildlife will continue the analysis of the cost and revenue of operations, financing and revenue sources, and uses of funds generated in Pasonanca Natural Park and Santa Cruz Islands. Protect Wildlife will look into the potential of increasing the level of financing for conservation activities through a resource valuation study for Pasonanca Natural Park and the adjustment of tourism-related fees of Santa Cruz Islands. It will help the protected areas develop financial plans that will set out how much the protected and conservation area expects from all sources of funds, a realistic timeline for the inflows, and how much will be gap in funding the requirements for the implementation of the updated protected area management plans.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 49 Current agreements between the DENR and LGUs/water district will be reviewed and revised to establish more clearly management and financing responsibilities of DENR, city LGU and the Zamboanga City Water District and put in place the PES scheme. In Tawi-Tawi, the team will initiate the review of the ecotourism operations in Bud Bongao, including its financial management system to improve fee collection and use of revenues for the management of the local conservation area. This analysis will be done as part of the overall review of the management plan, decision-making structure and manual of operations previously developed for Bud Bongao. Theory of Change Result: Opportunities for new conservation financing arrangements identified and designed with partners
2. Assess new opportunities for conservation financing through private sector partnerships.
Protect Wildlife will complete the mapping of ENR-based livelihood activities and enterprises in coastal communities in Zamboanga City and within priority LGUs in Tawi-Tawi and assess opportunities for possible support by the private sector groups. Value chain and marketing/viability studies of selected commodities (e.g., seaweeds) and of community enterprises will be undertaken, which should identify the factors that influence the production and marketing performance of community-based people’s organizations involved in such enterprise. Protect Wildlife will also identify other opportunities for establishing PES-like schemes in ecotourism in Zamboanga City and Tawi-Tawi. Among potential sources of PES that will be explored are the sardines canning factories in Zamboanga City and the Mangrove Park and Bird Sanctuary that is located within the area of the Zamboanga State College of Marine Sciences and Technology.
SA 3: Improve biodiversity conservation competencies of local government units, governance bodies, civil society organizations, and land and resource management units Theory of Change Result: Willing LGUs and other stakeholders in target conservation areas identified and assessed
In Year 2, SA 3 will expand its targets for biologically significant areas under effective management to cover the Ayala and Manicahan watershed areas in Zamboanga City and the coastal barangays of Mampang and Talon-talon. In Tawi-Tawi, Protect Wildlife will initiate assessment activities in collaboration with the DENR and BFAR in ARMM in the municipalities of Bongao, Panglima Sugala, Languyan, Sitangkay and Sibutu and in Turtle Islands Wildlife Sanctuary. The assessment of capability building needs on protection, conservation, management, regulation, development and enforcement in these Year 2 expansion sites will allow design technical assistance programming around the findings. 1. Assess competencies and training needs of LGUs, DENR and managers of land and resource management units in expansion areas
In Zamboanga City, a more detailed and focused assessment will be done on the barangays that cover Ayala and Manicahan watersheds and the mangrove areas in Barangays Mampang and Talon- talon, including existing and potential tenure holders. These assessments will spin off from ongoing FLUP activities in Zamboanga City and will be directed at improving tenure arrangements in these sites. The team may also consider doing an assessment in the Bog Lake wetlands and in the Eleven Islands, which are both being considered as potential ecotourism areas of the city. In Tawi-Tawi, a stakeholder analysis and assessment will be undertaken to inform the design of the technical assistance program for the institutional development and organizational strengthening of
50 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 the Bud Bongao Management Council and the management bodies of target MPAs in Tawi-Tawi. It is important that LGUs and local stakeholders are firmly committed to the resource management processes that will be jointly undertaken with them. When security conditions in Isabela City and/or Lamitan LGU in Basilan and in Turtle Islands in Tawi-Tawi will allow it, Protect Wildlife will explore partnerships with the LGUs for the strengthening of on-site enforcement and community management of conservation areas. Scoping can possibly be done in Isabela City or Lamitan in the latter part of Year 2. Theory of Change Result: Increased understanding of barriers of participation of men and women in conservation area management
2. Conduct stakeholder/gender analysis in baseline assessments of expansion areas
The target areas for stakeholder and gender analysis are selected barangays in Ayala and Manicahan watersheds in Zamboanga City and in Sitangkay and Sibutu in Tawi-Tawi. The findings and recommendations from the stakeholder and gender analysis will be considered in the design of the capacity building support for DENR field units, governance bodies, LGUs and land resource management units in expansion sites. Measures will be integrated into technical assistance activities to reduce or remove any barriers to the effective participation of indigenous peoples, women and youth in training, planning and conservation and enforcement activities. Theory of Change Result: Increased capacity of relevant government agencies, LGUs, protected area management boards and CSOs in integrated resource planning and management
The activity will adopt the integrated approach to ecosystems management at the landscape, LGU, protected area and tenure levels to ensure that DENR, LGUs and tenure/domain holders will incorporate, legitimize, regulate and enforce agreed-upon broad categories of land uses at the landscape level. The landscape-based broad categories of land uses include protection and conservation, production, settlements/built up, and ecotourism sites. Within each category, the planning team will identify areas that are highly susceptible to hazards and determine/recommend appropriate allowed and disallowed land and resource uses. 3. Support the legitimization and implementation of the zoning and management plans for Pasonanca Natural Park, Santa Cruz Islands and forestlands of Zamboanga City
Based on the zoning schemes that were approved by the management boards of the two protected areas, the technical working groups will be guided in drafting their management plans. These management plans are expected to be completed and legitimized by March 2018. Protect Wildlife will extend assistance to city LGUs and the management boards in the development of policies, ordinances and regulations in support of zoning, land and resource use enforcement and tenure management within protected areas and forestlands. Financing and investments, communications, and livelihoods will also be important areas for assistance. The strengthening of the enforcement units at the protected area and LGU levels, through mentoring and coaching of deputized wildlife enforcement officers, will form part of plan implementation support.
The remaining modules on FLUP will continue to be carried out in Year 2. The plan document is also expected to be completed and legitimized within Year 2.
4. Assist the LGU and DENR improve the management of non-NIPAS conservation areas such as communal watersheds/parks, local watershed reservations, mangroves and no-take zones of MPAs.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 51 Protect Wildlife will assist Zamboanga City LGU and DENR CENRO develop co-management plans for the Ayala and Manicahan watersheds and mangrove areas in Barangays Mampang and Talon-talon, which are identified in the FLUP as critical areas for water, fisheries and wildlife. In doing this, the team will guide the City LGU and DENR staff do the following: • Delineate and characterize forestlands (including mangroves) that may be covered by co- managements with LGU and national government agencies, making use of the some of the maps and data that were generated during the FLUP exercise, • Formalize the co-management agreements between DENR, LGU and other national government agencies, and • Assist in preparing the co-management resource management plans. In Tawi-Tawi, assistance will be provided to Bongao LGU, DENR-ARMM and the Bud Bongao Management Council. The management plan of Bud Bongao and its manual of operations will be reviewed in detail through workshops with a local technical working group, and enhanced (e.g., development of an investment or business plan for ecotourism, governance arrangements) so that the first local conservation area of ARMM can be more effectively managed. The existing management plans for target MPAs will also be reviewed and the specific areas for updating or improvement will be identified. The GIS team will prepare the geospatial data sets for the above activities and lead the spatial analysis that will be needed at the watershed/local conservation/tenure/MPA level. With the FLUP in Zamboanga City, most of the basic maps and information are available. The Bud Bongao maps need to be updated. The MPA maps need to be validated.
Theory of Change Result: Improved capacity of protected area management boards
5. Support protected area management board initiatives to improve local and national policies for protected area management
Protect Wildlife will assist the protected area management boards of Pasonanca National Park and Santa Cruz Islands review and improve existing protected area management policies and operations. This will be done through a refresher orientation, workshops and forum with other protected area management boards in the region, and cross visits to protected areas that are providing similar ecosystem services. The protected area management boards should be able to identify policy gaps and protected management models that are replicable and formulate recommendations to DENR Region 9. Possible conservation management models that the protected area management boards can look at are the harmonization of land and resource uses in FLUP and protected area plans into the Zamboanga City CLUP, strengthening of property rights, resource management and investment planning and private sector engagement. Protect Wildlife will help in the documentation of these practices as these were applied in the two protected areas in Zamboanga City
Theory of Change Result: Professional development of WEOs, enforcement groups and LGU zoning officers is supported 6. Design and conduct relevant training modules for the professional development of Wildlife Enforcement Officers Protect Wildlife will conduct basic wildlife and environmental law enforcement training for LGU staff, Zamboanga City Water District forest guards and community members in Zamboanga City and Tawi-Tawi LGUs. Those who will meet set requirements will be endorsed to DENR Region 9 and to DENR ARMM for formal deputation as WEOs or at the same time serve as Bantay Dagat of Santa
52 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 Cruz Islands. Post-training mentoring and coaching sessions with the WEOs will also be programmed.
SA 4: Enhance capacities of universities to advance biodiversity conservation education, research, monitoring and innovation Theory of Change Result: Assessments completed
1. Finalize report on research and extension needs, gaps and opportunities on biodiversity conservation in Zamboanga City-Sulu Archipelago The initial analysis done in Year 1 from available research results and publications, data and discussions with partner colleges and universities, LGUs, and other partners will be completed. The analysis will be used as starting point of partner colleges and universities in developing their RDEs to address gaps and meet the needs for policymaking, curriculum responsiveness, regulation and enforcement, participation of local stakeholders, and development of local communities. Several of the partner colleges and universities, especially Zamboanga State College of Marine Sciences and Technology and Mindanao State University-Tawi-Tawi College of Technology and Oceanography have conducted various research on coastal and marine resources, fisheries, mariculture and aquaculture. Considering this and the importance of coastal and marine resources and fisheries to the site, the analysis on capacities, gaps and opportunities give significant attention to the sector.
Theory of Change Result: Colleges and universities have increased capacity to align their RDE with stakeholders’ priorities and needs
2. Assist partner academic institutions forge partnership or agreement with conservation areas using their RDE agenda.
Protect Wildlife will facilitate discussions between the college/university and managers of protected and conservation areas to link the RDE with the needs of the conservation areas. In protected areas, the science-based results may be used for policy formulation, improving on-site management and enforcement of wildlife and environmental laws. The Ateneo de Zamboanga University, for example, is interested to focus RDE efforts in Santa Cruz Islands. Protect Wildlife will support such initiative and propose that it be formalized through MOUs or MOAs.
The assistance of Protect Wildlife will include the following:
• Facilitate dialogues and meetings between the college/university and protected area managers to prioritize RDE-related activities, • If needed, draft MOU or MOA • Facilitate signing of MOU or MOAs by the college/university and the protected area management board
Also to help align the RDE with the research and development needs of Region 9 and ARMM, Protect Wildlife will also organize a discussion between the partner colleges and universities in Zamboanga City and Tawi-Tawi and key members of the DOST-led research consortium in Region 9 and ARMM.
3. Assist partner colleges and universities complete their RDE
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 53 Protect Wildlife will continue to assist five universities and two colleges complete their draft RDEs: Western Mindanao State University, Ateneo de Zamboanga University, Universidad de Zamboanga, Mindanao State University-Tawi-Tawi College of Technology and Oceanography, Tawi-Tawi Regional Agricultural College, and Zamboanga State College of Marine Sciences and Technology. Theory of Change Result: Capacity of universities to leverage funds, do research and curriculum development, and disseminate research results increased
4. Facilitate implementation of research by partner colleges and universities
As RDEs are being finalized, the six partner colleges and universities will continue developing concept notes on their proposed research areas. Protect Wildlife will facilitate the review of submitted concept notes by the Protect Wildlife research review team (Chief of Party, Deputy Chief of Party, sector leads and concerned site manager) so that for concept notes that pass the review, the preparation of the more detailed research proposals can proceed. Protect Wildlife may reach out to professionals or organizations that have expertise in the proposed fields of research for additional guidance and inputs in defining the scope and methods of the proposed studies, and in research implementation and analysis of results. It will explore possible collaboration and mentoring arrangements with member-institutions of research consortia within or outside the region to jointly organize, fund and carry out research and extension programs for improving biodiversity conservation and development.
An area of research that partner colleges and universities are encouraged to consider is the pilot commercialization of mature technologies from past researches within and outside the region that will reduce poaching, wildlife trafficking, address needs for community livelihoods and improve habitat management. This may include piloting smallholder production systems, commercialization and developing materials for use in extension services.
Members of the faculty of the relevant units of the college/university are expected to lead the research. Protect Wildlife will set up a mechanism for the engagement of graduate students in research studies that will be supported by the activity.
5. Support interest of colleges and universities to develop or integrate biodiversity conservation into their curriculum (formal and informal programs)
Protect Wildlife support to curriculum development will consider proposals to enhance existing subjects in a relevant academic curricula and to develop new subjects related to biodiversity conservation that can be integrated into the curricula. It will also consider both formal and informal academic programs. The subjects for development may cover biodiversity conservation, wildlife and environmental policies, enforcement, apps development to strengthen compliance, and mapping and intelligence on wildlife trafficking. Short-term and informal programs can focus on wildlife and environmental policies, technology adoption, enforcement and development of livelihoods and enterprises.
Protect Wildlife will support the initiatives of universities through the engagement of short-term consultants who can provide technical guidance to universities in curriculum development, course design, and development of training materials. Protect Wildlife will also support and assist in the evaluation of the initial run of improved courses that happens in Year 2.
6. Support participation of partner universities in scientific fora/symposia
Protect Wildlife will provide support to scientific forum or symposium that are relevant to research work in Region 9 and ARMM particularly when these provide opportunities for Protect Wildlife to
54 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 present the results of its activities and university-led researches. The periodic meetings of the DOST- led research consortium in Region 9 and ARMM can serve as venues for networking, gathering inputs for research design, and learning about related researches of other institutions.
SA 5: Enhance competencies of national government agencies in enforcing biodiversity conservation-related laws and policies
In Zamboanga City-Sulu Archipelago, Protect Wildlife will continue to support various local enforcement units (inter-agency and inter-sectoral enforcement units at the regional, city/municipal LGU and protected area management levels) in their efforts to establish and strengthen their enforcement systems. To be effective, local enforcement units will require the following: trained staff, protocols, policies, agreements, database, monitoring system, budgets and equipment.
Theory of Change Result: Needs, gaps, resources and core competencies on/for wildlife enforcement understood
1. Conduct field validation of the violations assessment of Tawi-Tawi
The field validation of the data, analysis and findings from the violations assessment of Tawi-Tawi that was done in Year 1 will provide for a deeper understanding of the situation in the province and will allow for a more structured approach to improving wildlife law enforcement capacities of Tawi- Tawi based agencies.
The team will also assess and validate the needs of enforcement units with respect to protocols, policies, agreements, database, monitoring system, equipment and budgets. The validated information will be considered in the design of the post-training mentoring and coaching program for Tawi-Tawi.
2. Assess evolving policy needs of Zamboanga City and Tawi-Tawi
Protect Wildlife will continue to assess the evolving needs of policy makers in Zamboanga City and Tawi-Tawi in developing policies to combat wildlife trafficking and to protect wildlife habitats. SA 5 will engage with the MENROs, MAOs and legislative bodies of LGUs to identify policy gaps and timelines for developing applicable laws, rules and regulations.
Theory of Change Result: National and local enforcement capacities to detect, inspect and prosecute improved
3. Train wildlife enforcement teams
SA 5 will continue to capacitate on-site wildlife law enforcement teams from different national government agencies working in the sites, as well as LGUs and community members. These training will add to the number of competent enforcers in Zamboanga City and Tawi-Tawi that will address poaching, wildlife trafficking in IUU fishing in their jurisdictions. Where possible, the training participants will include LGUs, protected area staff and enforcement groups in Turtle Islands.
Basic WELE trainings will be conducted for the members of the Zamboanga City Anti-wildlife Trafficking Task Force (ZCAWTTF) and the Pasonanca Natural Park watershed guards. The training of ZCAWTTF members, which has PNP and other uniformed personnel as members, will improve the interception of trafficked wildlife to and from Zamboanga City, and will have long-term impacts on improving wildlife law enforcement.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 55
Fisheries law enforcement training will be held for the Composite Fisheries Law Enforcement Team (CFLET) of Zamboanga City. Protect Wildlife will continue to capacitate the Zamboanga City CFLET to improve efforts against IUU fishing in the City’s municipal waters. Training modules will include rules and regulations covering marine wildlife such as sharks, rays and marine turtles thereby increasing protection for these threatened species and their developmental habitats in the area.
SA 5 will provide post-training technical assistance to key enforcement staff who have undergone various training modules on law enforcement. The coaching sessions act as legal clinics for the enforcers. Their enforcement actions are analyzed and recommendations to improve their general knowledge on laws and strategies are given. Legal clinics with partners from the DENR Region 9, the ZCAWTTF and the CFLET will provide venues for continuing refinements of their strategic approaches and skills improvement on wildlife law enforcement.
In collaboration with regulatory and enforcement agencies, SA 5 will establish the Anti-Wildlife Trafficking Task Force in Tawi-Tawi and provide it with the necessary technical assistance on institutional development and organizational strengthening.
Where possible, technical assistance will be extended to the Regional Anti-Environment Crime Task Force of DENR Region 9. The team will explore and support opportunities to strengthen the wildlife law enforcement capacities of DENR 9 Enforcement Divisions, the BFAR, the PNP Maritime Group, the Philippine Coast Guard and other law enforcement agencies enforcing wildlife and environmental laws covering Zamboanga, Basilan, Sulu and Tawi-Tawi. These areas are important nesting and developmental habitats for threatened species such as marine turtles, Napoleon wrasses, and other marine wildlife. This corridor is also a major thoroughfare for wildlife transshipment to and from the area, especially for Palawan wildlife.
Protect Wildlife will support the DENR’s initiative in the conduct of Training of Trainers on the Application of the Manual of Operations for Wildlife Law Enforcement Batch 7 in this region.
4. Support policy formulation at the local level . SA 5 will work with LGUs, protected area management boards and DENR-ARMM in drafting key policies that will conserve wildlife habitats and protect key wildlife species of Zamboanga and Tawi- Tawi. Among the planned policy support activities are:
• Development of the Zamboanga City Biodiversity Management Plan, its Environment Code, the City Fisheries Ordinance and resolution creating the City Fisheries Office. These will improve management of its wildlife habitats, forested areas and municipal fisheries. • Updating of the Tawi-Tawi Provincial Environment Code • Drafting of the local fisheries code of some pilot municipalities. • Finalization of the enforcement protocol for the ZCAWTTF and its rollout to the different task force agencies. The protocol will serve as a framework for inter-agency coordination to improve wildlife law enforcement in Zamboanga City. • Development of a policy that will set the value of corals around the Santa Cruz Islands protected area. This policy will strengthen law enforcement and adjudication relating to damaging or gathering corals around the island. • Subject to favorable results of security risks assessment, feasibility assessment of creating a salt- water crocodile sanctuary in Tawi-Tawi. This work will be done with the Tawi-Tawi provincial government and the LGUs of Bongao, Panglima Sugala and Languyan to explore the. With the
56 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 creation of this habitat, the activity will improve the protection of Crocodylus porosus, which is classified as endangered in the Philippines.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 57 5. Monitor field enforcement activities
SA 5 will organize periodic focus group discussions with enforcement units at different levels to document application of capacity building skills of law enforcers and get feedback from them re further training and mentoring needs. Apprehension and confiscation data at the local and provincial levels will be analyzed to determine effectiveness of training and other assistance activities that are related to law enforcement.
TABLE 9: YEAR 2 TARGET DELIVERABLES FOR ZAMBOANGA CITY-SULU ARCHIPELAGO24
ADJUSTED TARGET PERCENT OF CONTRACT DELIVERABLES DELIVERABLES YEAR 2 DELIVERABLES FOR YEAR 2 TARGET FOR YEAR 2 SA 1 100 people trained to lead behavior change campaigns 76 24 31% 25 behavior change campaigns implemented 9 3 33% 300,000 people reached by behavior change campaigns 22,000 11,000 50% SA 2 US$500,000 revenue generated from the sale of US$70,650 US$5,000 7% ecosystem services in target sites 100 payment for ecosystem services or tourism 18 2 11% initiatives supported by in target sites US$5 million GDA investments in Protect Wildlife US$0.65 million —25 anti-poaching and trafficking efforts SA 3 200 LGU staff trained in participatory planning for 30 5 16% integrated conservation and development 2,500 community members trained in planning and 130 implementation of integrated conservation and 400 32%
development 200 LGU staff trained, certified and formally deputized 41 10 24% as WEOs by government agencies 500 community members trained and certified as 118 24 20% WEOs by government agencies SA 4 25 university-supported research initiatives 8 4 50% implemented at target sites 10 universities developing conservation curricula with 4 2 50% support from Protect Wildlife SA 5 1,000 government staff trained in combating wildlife 200 50 25% and environmental crime 50 new or revised laws and regulations adopted to 9 3 33% combat wildlife crimes 1,000 confiscations, seizures and arrests resulting from 108 40 37% capacity building provided by Protect Wildlife
24 The activity team internally agreed that, where feasible, SA targets for Zamboanga City-Sulu Archipelago may be increased to exceed the contract deliverables assigned to the site. 25 There is no regional breakdown for the target GDA investment generation. The allocation among Protect Wildlife sites will be established during implementation of GDA investments.
58 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 TABLE 10: SCHEDULE OF YEAR 2 ACTIVITIES IN ZAMBOANGA CITY-SULU ARCHIPELAGO
2017 2018 ACTIVITIES J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S
SA 1: Behavior Change Communication Theory of Change Result: Foundational knowledge improved 1. Inventory and assess communications campaigns on conservation in Zamboanga City and Tawi-Tawi 2. Conduct qualitative KAP assessment in selected sites/communities in Zamboanga City and Tawi-Tawi 3. Conduct of modified C4C training; mini campaign planning Theory of Change Result: Improved community attitudes toward conservation 4. Guide and monitor implementation of mini behavior change campaigns Theory of Change Result: Improved institutional and private sector attitudes toward conservation 5. Support campaigns and advocacies of partners SA 2: Conservation Financing Theory of Change Result: Available conservation financing arrangement are identified and realigned to support conservation 1. Finalize analysis of funding sources and financing arrangements of target protected areas (including PES) Theory of Change Result: Opportunities for new conservation financing arrangements identified and designed 2. Assess new opportunities for conservation financing (livelihoods and enterprise mapping and studies) SA 3: Conservation and Governance Theory of Change Result: Willing LGUs and other stakeholders in target conservation areas identified and assessed 1. Assess competencies of LGUs, DENR and CSOs in expansion areas (selected Tawi-Tawi LGUs and Zamboanga City barangays) Theory of Change Result: Increased understanding of barriers of participation of men and women in conservation area management 2. Conduct stakeholder/gender analysis in baseline assessments of expansion areas Theory of Change Result: Increased capacity of relevant government agencies, LGUs, protected area management boards and CSOs in integrated resource planning and management 3. Support legitimization and implementation of the zoning and management plans of target protected areas and FLUP
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 59 2017 2018 ACTIVITIES J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S • Pasonanca Natural Park
• Santa Cruz Islands
• Zamboanga City FLUP 4. Assist improve management of non-NIPAS conservation areas • Ayala and Manicahan watersheds and mangrove areas in • Barangays Mampang and Talon-talon mangrove areas • Bud Bongao
• Priority MPAs in Tawi-Tawi Theory of Change Result: Improved capacity of protected area management boards 5. Support protected area management board initiatives to improve local and national policies for protected area management Theory of Change Result: Professional development of WEOs, enforcement groups and LGU zoning officers is supported 6. Design and conduct training WEOs
• Training and certification/deputation • Mentoring and coaching of trained/deputized WEOs SA 4: Conservation Research and Innovation Theory of Change Result: Assessments completed 1. Finalize report on research and extension needs, gaps and opportunities in Zamboanga City-Sulu Archipelago Theory of Change Result: Colleges and universities have increased capacity to align their RDE with stakeholders’ priorities and needs 2. Assist partners forge partnership agreements with protected/conservation areas 3. Assist partner colleges and universities complete their RDE Theory of Change Result: Capacity of universities to leverage funds, do research and curriculum development, and disseminate research results increased 4. Facilitate implementation of research by partner colleges and universities 5. Support interest to develop or integrate biodiversity conservation into curriculum (formal and informal programs) 6. Support participation of partner colleges and universities in scientific fora/symposia SA 5: Wildlife Law Enforcement Theory of Change Result: Needs, gaps, resources and core competencies on/for wildlife enforcement understood
60 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 2017 2018 ACTIVITIES J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S 1. Conduct field validation of the violations assessment of Tawi-Tawi 2. Assess evolving policy needs of Zamboanga City and Tawi-Tawi Theory of Change Result: National and local enforcement capacities to detect, inspect and prosecute improved 1. Train wildlife enforcement teams • Basic WELE training for Zamboanga City Anti-Trafficking Wildlife Task Force, Pasonanca enforcement staff, Tawi-Tawi • Fisheries law enforcement training for CFLET (Zamboanga City) • Enforcement coaching (Zamboanga City and Tawi-Tawi) • Training of Trainers 7 for Zamboanga, Basilan, Sulu and Tawi-Tawi (Manual of Operations for Wildlife Enforcement) • TA to Regional Anti-Environment Crime Task Force, Region 9 3. Support policy formulation at the local level
4. Monitor field enforcement activities
3.4 YEAR 2 TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES IN GENSAN-SARANGANI- SOUTH COTABATO
3.4.1 SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS In Year 2, Protect Wildlife will expand its technical assistance to key areas in Region 12: General Santos City, Sarangani province and South Cotabato province. Expansion to these sites opens opportunities for Protect Wildlife to contribute to the conservation of various landscapes and seascapes in southern Mindanao. Extensive coastlines, numerous rivers and vast mountain ranges offer some of the most diverse habitats and species that provide indigenous peoples, commercial industries and local populations their source of food, livelihood and even energy.
Landscapes and seascapes that have been identified for improved management are the Allah Valley Protected Landscape, Mount Matutum Protected Landscape, Mount Busa conservation area and the Sarangani Bay Protected Seascape (Figure 3).
The municipalities of Lake Sebu, T’boli, Banga and Surallah comprise the Allah Valley Protected Landscape in South Cotabato. Allah Valley was declared a watershed forest reserve in 1985 through the signing of Proclamation No. 2455. The protected area is 102,350 hectares and boasts of 100 species of flora and 58 species of fauna, including the Philippine eagle and tarsier.
The Mount Matutum Protected Landscape also covers four municipalities in South Cotabato. This 15,600- hectare lowland forest was declared a protected landscape through Presidential Proclamation No. 552 issued on March 20, 1995. Mount Matutum is the headwater of five major rivers. The watershed of Mount Matutum provides 25 percent of the water supply in Region 12. Rare and endemic species like the Philippine eagle, tarsier and Mindanao bleeding heart can be found within its forests.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 61 The Mount Busa Complex, which straddles the municipalities of Maitum, Kiamba and Maasim in Sarangani, is a 114,144-hectare key biodiversity area (KBA 116) declared in 2001. The Environmental Conservation and Protection Center of Sarangani Province reports that the Philippine eagle, tarsiers and several endangered species of birds are present within its remaining forests.
Sarangani Bay was declared in 1996 by Presidential Proclamation No. 756 as a protected seascape. The 211,913-hectare area is bounded by the municipalities of Maitum, Kiamba, Maasim, Alabel, Malapatan and Glan and General Santos City. Sarangani Bay is rich in marine life, including the Napoleon wrasse, sea turtles, dugongs and dolphins.
FIGURE 3: PRIORITY SITES FOR GENSAN-SARANGANI-SOUTH COTABATO IN YEAR 2
Protect Wildlife’s initial assessment of the sites will serve as the basis of entry points for activities that can be grouped thematically into the following:
1. strengthening land and resource use regulation and enforcement at the seascape-landscape level through the participating LGUs and land resource management units; 2. improving protected area management in NIPAS and non-NIPAS conservation areas; and 3. establishing sustainable financing systems for the conservation areas.
62 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 The above themes carry with them a number of challenges. Improving protection and conservation management in each of the target seascape-landscape will require solutions that will reconcile potentially incongruent conservation and conservation goals. Thus, the activity will adopt the integrated management of ecosystems as the overall framework for planning and implementing of all activities under each strategic approach. The presence of extractive industries such as artisanal and large-scale mining and quarrying, with growth rates from 3.6 percent to 7.2 percent in 2016, pose as threats to sustaining fragile ecosystems. The latest Regional Development Plan for Region 12 states that its key strategy is “transforming agriculture into a competitive agribusiness industry.” This aims to revive the region’s growth that has been declining. Currently, large-scale industrial mono-cropping (banana, pineapple and oil palm) dominate land uses that, with unsustainable farming practices, will eventually affect wildlife habitats and wildlife species. There are also divisive industrial development projects such as coal plants. While these industries and agricultural expansion provide a steady source of employment for the local population, they place a heavy burden on ecosystems and affect their long-term productivity and capacity to provide various ecosystems services. Region 12’s socioeconomic progress needs a balanced approach between conservation and development.
On strengthening land and resource use regulation and enforcement, one of the biggest challenges, as cited by stakeholders, is the weak enforcement of ENR laws and policies. Case in point is Glan in Sarangani. It was identified by the Wildlife Regulation Division as one of the major transshipment hubs for wildlife from Indonesia. From the pier of Glan, as point of entry, wildlife is sold in General Santos, Koronadal and other points in Mindanao, Visayas and Luzon. The province has many other unregulated wharves that allow the entry of wildlife along with undocumented migrants from Indonesia. With the influx of trafficked wildlife into the area, stakeholders have also raised for consideration the development of a wildlife rescue center
The identified expansion areas of Protect Wildlife in Region 12 are also areas of agro-industry and ecotourism. Thus, the establishment of PES schemes especially from the use of water and unique natural and cultural attractions and habitats for ecotourism ventures are potential sources of internally generated funds for conservation and community development especially for eco-friendly livelihoods.
The Year 2 work plan of GenSan-Sarangani-South Cotabato provides a list of a menu of possible activities in each of the target seascape-landscape. Most of these emerged from the initial consultations with DENR Region 12, local government units, universities and colleges, civil society and site visits of Protect Wildlife staff. Whether or not the planned activities are going to be accomplished will largely depend on the commitment of DENR Region 12 with its newly created Regional Technical Working Group, the continuing interests of partners who expressed their intent to collaborate and participate in implementation of activities, and sustained interests of local government units, enforcement law agencies and DENR field units. Nevertheless, Protect Wildlife sets forth a set of target deliverables and outputs in Region 12 that will be the basis for quarterly planning, adjustments and determining feasible periodic activities.
3.4.2 KEY ACTIVITIES AND TARGETS BY STRATEGIC APPROACH SA 1: Improve attitudes and behavior toward biodiversity and its conservation in target areas at a statistically significant level
Theory of Change Result: Foundational knowledge improved 1. Conduct of baseline KAP survey (qualitative and quantitative)
The KAP survey is the formative research that provides understanding of the level and quality of knowledge as well as the current attitudes, mindsets and practices in the area. KAP will inform the various aspects of technical assistance in terms of campaign messaging and awareness and compliance to protected area rules and regulations. The survey will cover the municipalities of these landscapes: Allah Valley, Mount Matutum and Mount Busa.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 63
2. Conduct of C4C training
The main capacity-building product that SA 1 conducts is the Campaigning for Conservation training. This is a 10-day immersive, residential and hands-on training that covers behavior change theory and social marketing principles. It will have up to 25 participants from LGUs, CSOs and national government agencies that are directly involved in public awareness raising and/or community outreach. Consultations will be held with the DENR Region 9 for the selection of the participants, training venue and pilot study site. The training will be held towards the end of Year 2 thus the mini-campaigns resulting from this training will start in Year 3.
SA 2: Intensify financing from private and public sectors and internally generated revenues for biodiversity conservation Theory of Change Result: Available conservation financing arrangements are identified and realigned to support conservation 1. Identify available conservation financing for target seascape-landscapes.
The SA 2 team will identify, assess and document existing public and private financing sources for the management of the target sites. It will also look at levels of financing generated and the mechanisms for generating revenue flows from public and private sources to support conservation programs. It will also document, assess and analyze PES or PES-like schemes that are practiced, and financial management systems that are in place for protected areas and other conservation areas Theory of Change Result: Opportunities for new conservation financing arrangements identified and designed with partners
1. Identify opportunities for new conservation financing arrangements with public and private sector groups in GenSan-Sarangani-South Cotabato
The team will determine opportunities for leveraging new or increased financing sources for conservation management and support for development for communities in the target conservation areas. The team will develop creative financing strategies and schemes through partnerships between the public sector (national and local governments), for profit private sector, community-based organizations and foundations. The team will also look at the possibility of establishing mechanisms for generating internal sources of funds for conservation areas especially from existing and potential ENR-linked enterprises and ventures. For example, LGUs through their FLUPs and CLUPs may indirectly improve conservation by doing better infrastructure planning and development, regulating water use, and locating solid waste and wastewater facilities, energy-generating facilities, and other economically related infrastructure support systems.
2. Identify and promote opportunities for Global Development Alliance
Potential GDA partners from within or outside the region will be identified. Protect Wildlife will initiate discussions with them to explore support that may be provide for any of the following: • Wildlife law enforcement • Non-transport of illegal wildlife and wildlife products (transport sector) • Reduction in demand for wildlife and wildlife products (tourism industry) • Development of multiple use zones of protected areas • Community livelihoods and enterprises • Research and development
64 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 3. Identify opportunities for establishing PES and PES-like schemes
The SA 2 team will help facilitate and develop a PES roadmap with existing and potential ENR- linked enterprises and ventures. Initially, the focus will be on water use (domestic and agriculture) and ecotourism. Each opportunity will be assessed in terms of the ecosystem services that are being used, revenue potentials and users’ willingness to pay for ecosystem services. For each of the identified opportunities, an action plan will be prepared with stakeholders to guide future activities.
4. Conduct enterprise mapping within priority sites Protect Wildlife will identify and map out across the target landscapes the existing and potential ENR-linked linked livelihood and enterprise ventures in both protection and production areas. For agri- and forestry-based enterprises and livelihoods, the team will conduct a market studies to provide an assessment of the production sites, support systems (inputs, source, transport system, postharvest facilities), market linkages, management structures and financial management system of the community-based organizations that are managing the enterprise. Financially viable and conservation-friendly community livelihoods and enterprises will be matched with potential sources of investment from local, regional and national levels. Protect Wildlife will also support in the preparation of ENR-linked business plans that provide analysis and assessment of financial viabilities of potential ENR- and PES-related enterprises in target sites.
SA 3: Improve biodiversity conservation competencies of local government units, governance bodies, civil society organizations, and land and resource management units Theory of Change Result: Willing LGUs and other stakeholders in the conservation areas in GenSan-Sarangani-South Cotabato identified
1. Assess conservation management competencies and capacities of LGUs, DENR, protected area management boards, tenure/domain holders and land and resource management units.
The assessment will cover stakeholders of Mount Matutum Protected Landscape, Allah Valley watershed reservation, Mount Busa watershed and Sarangani Bay. The results of the assessment will be used in developing action plans for technical assistance support protection, conservation, management, regulation, development and enforcement.
Theory of Change Result: Increased capacity of relevant government agencies, LGUs, protected area management boards and CSOs in integrated resource planning and management
2. Capacitate local GIS specialists from DENR field units, LGUS, NCIP, CSOs to gather, standardize and analyze spatial data in support of integrated landscape planning.
The training outputs will be used for preparing FLUPs, protected area and LRMU planning and investments. The spatial analyses will enhance existing plans, guide the incorporate FLUPs into the LGU CLUPs, facilitate tenure/domain management planning and identify areas in public lands needing tenure issuance.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 65 3. Train a pool of DENR and LGU staff on participatory resource management planning.
Within Year 2, the training will possibly cover data gathering, mapping and validation of policy- designated land uses, consolidating validated land uses and integrating socioeconomic and biophysical data, finalizing the boundaries of broad land use categories.
Theory of Change Result: Improved capacity of protected area management boards
4. Conduct a refresher orientation for protected area management boards on functions and policy development.
The protected area management boards of Mount Matutum, Sarangani Bay and Allah Valley watershed reservation will be assisted to focus their engagement to policymaking, leveraging funding support and collaborative activities in the protected area, monitoring and evaluation of current and proposed changes in land uses in multiple use zones and tenured areas, and to supporting protected area enforcement networks. A specially designed orientation and workshop activity will held to help the protected area management boards start the process of assessing policy agenda for the protected area, especially the determination of what policies are within its functional responsibility and which policies are for actions by the LGU, DENR and other national government agencies. The review of current protected area management policies and collaborative arrangements in each site will help in formulating measures to strengthen and sustain protected area management effectiveness.
SA 4: Enhance capacities of universities to advance biodiversity conservation education, research, monitoring and innovation Theory of Change Result: Assessments completed 1. Compile information on biodiversity focal interests and threats from available studies in each target seascape-landscape
This will entail working with partner universities in gathering information and documenting the current state of science-based information on wildlife habitats and species in GenSan-Sarangani- South Cotabato landscapes. Findings will be documented inputs to the preparation of colleges and universities’ RDEs.
2. Assess the institutional capacity of Mindanao State University-GenSan and Notre Dame of Marbel University to undertake biodiversity conservation RDE.
The team will work with universities to assess their capacities to undertake biodiversity conservation research, development and extension. The team will use the assessments to lay down where each university may focus their RDEs—in specific conservation areas or selected thematic conservation aspect. The assessment will also determine related capabilities of partner universities such as packaging proposals, accessing financing and mobilizing resources. Theory of Change Result: Colleges and universities have increased capacity to align research, development and extension with stakeholders’ priorities and needs 3. Facilitate dialogues among universities, LGUs and protected area managers to link the RDE with needs of conservation areas.
Protect Wildlife will facilitate the dialogues to explore possible agreements among the parties and work out the implementation arrangements that will be provided for in a MOU or MOA. The team will also help draft the agreement.
66 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 Theory of Change Result: Capacity of universities to leverage funds and do research and curriculum development and disseminate research results increased
4. Assist universities develop their concept proposals for support by Protect Wildlife.
Protect Wildlife support to research and curriculum development will initially be based on the concept proposals that will be submitted by partner universities. Universities will be asked to submit a more detailed research and extension proposal when concept proposals are deemed relevant and doable given the needs of the sites and the capacity of the universities.
The team will give priority to Notre Dame of Marbel University and Mindanao State University- GenSan in the development of RDEs and concept proposals. . 5. Work with SA 2 and SA 3 to facilitate the study on civet coffee production center
Protect Wildlife will assist in the development of the design of this study. This will require collaboration among SA 4, SA 2 and SA 3 as it is necessary to link civet coffee producers, consolidators and processors with markets, DOST Region 12 and barangay LGUs in Mount Matutum and Allah Valley Protected Landscapes that are civet habitats. SA 5: Enhance competencies of national government agencies in enforcing biodiversity conservation-related laws and policies In GenSan-Sarangani-South Cotabato, Protect Wildlife will continue to support various local enforcement units (inter-agency and inter-sectoral enforcement units at the regional, city/municipal LGU and protected area management levels) in their efforts to establish and strengthen their enforcement systems. To be effective, local enforcement units will require the following: trained staff, protocols, policies, agreements, database, monitoring system, budgets and equipment.
Theory of Change Result: Needs understood 1. Conduct Violations Assessment
This preliminary activity will determine the current level of enforcement capacity of site-based national government agencies and local government units in Sarangani, South Cotabato and General Santos. The assessment will cover the areas of law enforcement skills, operations, logistics and management and will provide the basis for developing a programmatic approach to capacity building for wildlife law enforcement in the region. The assessment will also identify the policy development needs related to combatting wildlife trafficking and policy gaps covering the protection wildlife habitats. Theory of Change Result: Local law enforcement capacity improved 2. Training on wildlife and environmental law enforcement
Protect Wildlife will conduct basic wildlife and environmental law enforcement training for LGUs, DENR and target landscapes in GenSan-Sarangani-South Cotabato. SA 5 will begin with basic-level law enforcement skill capacity building based on the results of the violations assessment. This training will have immediate impact on enforcement in the site.
As with other sites, trained enforcers will receive post-training technical assistance to develop their enforcement skills on case analysis and profiling. This is part of the continuing skills development for wildlife law enforcers.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 67 3. Assist in formulating local policies
SA 5 will determine initial policies related to protecting wildlife habitats in selected sites in Region 12 and for combating wildlife trafficking at the local level. Timelines for drafting will be determined in relation to the changing political situation these sites.
4. Develop and roll out of enforcement protocol for Sarangani Bay
Identified as a priority by the Sarangani Bay stakeholders, Protect Wildlife will work closely with enforcement agencies in developing an enforcement coordination protocol. This will set the roles of government agencies in environmental law enforcement in Sarangani Bay, which is an important nesting site for marine turtles.
TABLE 11: YEAR 2 TARGET DELIVERABLES FOR GENSAN-SARANGANI-SOUTH COTABATO26
CONTRACT TARGET PERCENT OF DELIVERABLES DELIVERABLES DELIVERABLES YEAR 2 FOR YEAR 2 FOR YEAR 2 TARGET SA 1 100 people trained to lead behavior change campaigns 76 27 35% 25 behavior change campaigns implemented 9 1 11% 300,000 people reached by behavior change campaigns 22,000 2,000 9% SA 2 US$500,000 revenue generated from the sale of US$70,646 US$25,000 35% ecosystem services in target sites 100 payment for ecosystem services or tourism 18 7 39% initiatives supported by in target sites US$5 million GDA investments in Protect Wildlife US$0.65 million —27 anti-poaching and trafficking efforts SA 3 200 LGU staff trained in participatory planning for 30 10 33% integrated conservation and development 2,500 community members trained in planning and implementation of integrated conservation and 400 100 25% development 200 LGU staff trained, certified and formally deputized 41 - as WEOs by government agencies 500 community members trained and certified as 118 24 20% WEOs by government agencies SA 4 25 university-supported research initiatives 8 1 12% implemented at target sites 10 universities developing conservation curricula with support from Protect Wildlife 4 - - SA 5 1,000 government staff trained in combating wildlife 200 30 15% and environmental crime 50 new or revised laws and regulations adopted to 9 - - combat wildlife crimes 1,000 confiscations, seizures and arrests resulting from 108 - - capacity building provided by Protect Wildlife
26 The activity team internally agreed that, where possible, SA targets for GenSan-Sarangani-South Cotabato may be increased to exceed the contract deliverables assigned to the site. 27 There is no regional breakdown for the target GDA investment generation. The allocation among Protect Wildlife sites will be established during implementation of GDA investments.
68 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 TABLE 12: SCHEDULE OF YEAR 2 ACTIVITIES IN GENSAN-SARANGANI-SOUTH COTABATO
2017 2018 ACTIVITIES J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S
SA 1: Behavior Change Communication Theory of Change Result: Foundational knowledge improved 1. Conduct of baseline KAP survey (qualitative and quantitative) 2. Conduct of C4C training (including pre- work) SA 2: Conservation Financing Theory of Change Result: Available conservation financing arrangements are identified and realigned to support conservation 1. Identify available conservation financing for target seascape-landscapes. Theory of Change Result: Opportunities for new conservation financing arrangements identified and designed with partners 2. Conduct enterprise mapping within priority sites 3. Identify PES opportunities in the water and tourism sectors • Assess PES opportunities, including Tupi Water District Polomolok Water District Ecotourism in Tampakan Ecotourism in Lake Sebu Ecotourism in Sarangani Bay • Prepare action plans and initiate PES studies 4. Identify opportunities for new conservation financing arrangements 5. Explore local opportunities for Global Development Alliances SA 3: Conservation and Governance Theory of Change Result: Willing LGUs and other stakeholders in the conservation areas in GenSan- Sarangani-South Cotabato identified 1. Assess conservation management competencies and capacities of LGUs, DENR, protected area management boards and resource managers • LGUs within Mount Matutum and Allah Valley protected areas • LGUs along Sarangani Bay • Management boards of 3 target protected areas • CSOs in target sites Theory of Change Result: Increased capacity of relevant government agencies, LGUs, protected area management boards and CSOs in integrated resource planning and management 2. Develop action plans for technical assistance support to identified seascape-landscapes
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 69 2017 2018 ACTIVITIES J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S 3. Training on GIS and spatial analysis; develop updated geospatial data sets and spatial analysis 4. Create technical working groups and implement training/workshop modules for: • FLUPs for selected LGUs in South Cotabato • Review and updating of the management plans of Mount Matutum and Allah Valley • Coastal zoning of Sarangani Bay Theory of Change Result: Improved capacity of protected area management boards 5. Conduct a refresher orientation for protected area management boards and LGUs on roles and functions, effective management board operations (Mount Matutum, Allah Valley and Sarangani Bay) 6. Training and certification/deputation of LGU and community WEOs SA 4: Conservation Research
Theory of Change Result: Assessments completed 1. Compile information on biodiversity focal interests and threats, from available studies 2. Assess capacity of partner colleges and universities Theory of Change Result: Colleges and universities have increased capacity to align RDE with stakeholders’ priorities and needs 3. Facilitate dialogue with universities for the development of client-responsive RDE; agreements with LGUs and protected area managers Theory of Change Result: Capacity of universities to leverage funds and do research and curriculum development and disseminate research results increased 4. Develop concept notes, research proposals, work plans and budgets with colleges and universities; facilitate agreements and contracts and initial activities 5. Work with SA 2 and SA 3 to facilitate the study on civet production SA 5: Wildlife Law Enforcement
Theory of Change Result: Needs understood
1. Conduct Violations Assessment Theory of Change Result: Local law enforcement capacity improved 2. Conduct basic WELE training for LGUs, DENR in target protected areas 3. Assist formulate local policies/timelines for drafting 4. Develop and roll out enforcement protocol for Sarangani Bay
70 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 4 MANAGEMENT PLAN
4.1 OVERALL MANAGEMENT APPROACH
In Year 2, Protect Wildlife will continue to adopt the following management principles to implement actions and sub-actions in target sites:
1. Matrix management structure. While the Field Site Managers report directly to the Chief of Party and Deputy Chief of Party, they have coordination and reporting lines to the technical advisors based at the Manila office. Protect Wildlife’s national advisors provide overall technical guidance in the planning and implementation of site-based activities. They are the thought leaders at the national level; they link with the national level public and private counterparts. Site managers establish, maintain and strengthen their technical and working relationships with local counterparts in the sites. Site managers and their teams work with the SA teams to identify and pursue innovative TOC-based actions in the sites. In the same manner, technical advisors and specialists discuss and coordinate with site managers all field activities they plan to undertake. Both SA and site teams have to work together and coordinate and integrate activities, especially those that will cut across SAs and sites. Together, the Manila and site teams identify opportunities for partnership, joint and/or collaborative activities. The working and reporting relationships within the matrix management structure provide the mechanism for the resolution of site- and SA-specific conflicts, in case these arise.
This principle applies also to the finance and administrative staff especially for procurement of necessary goods and services that are needed for the implementation of individual and collective SA activities. A centralized financial management system is in place to ensure accountability and for effective report preparation. DAI Global, LLC has a Technical and Administrative Management Information System that supports the matrix structure of Protect Wildlife.
2. Flexible and adaptive management. Protect Wildlife use constant communication and programmatic security protocols to mitigate risks and quickly adapt its strategy to changing circumstances in the sites, including the flexibility to physically reassign staff within the sites if warranted by the security situation. Quarterly team meetings attended by key staff from the sites and Manila are held for reporting/updating, coordination, reflection and assessment, and planning next quarter’s activities. The entire team meets at least once a year, to assess overall performance vis-à-vis monitoring and evaluation indicators and analyze trends, patterns and external factors that impinge on activity implementation and planning. In Year 2, Protect Wildlife will give attention to and reflect on lessons from gathered responses to learning questions that the SA teams have incorporated into their respective TOCs.
3. Innovative and site-focused implementation of approach. Protect Wildlife requires strong technical, coordinative, collaborative and organizational leadership at all levels. The challenge is to identify opportunities for adding value to conservation work that are ongoing or have been completed, to create value for existing conservation opportunities, and to take a long-term view of the value of policy development and capacity building. Protect Wildlife’s presence in and knowledge of the target sites enables it to tailor implementation activities to site-specific needs and to respond to evolving local conditions. Strategically located field teams will draw on the expertise of Manila-based technical and crosscutting teams, thereby reducing the need to replicate the full contingent of experts at each location. This approach enables Protect Wildlife to deliver targeted support in priority sites and forge partnerships essential for local ownership and long-term sustainability.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 71 4.2 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
Protect Wildlife’s organization involves three core teams: (1) the site teams operating in the target sites, (2) Manila-based technical team and (3) Manila-based crosscutting technical specialists, administrative and finance support teams. Figure 4 shows the updated Protect Wildlife’s organizational chart. The chart provides the three core teams and the formal reporting relationships within the organization. In Year 2, the Security Director will be based in Manila instead of Zamboanga City with similar reporting relationships.
Site offices are currently located in Puerto Princesa City in Palawan and Zamboanga City. A site office in General Santos City will be established in the early part of Year 2. There will be satellite offices in Bongao in Tawi-Tawi and in Brooke’s Point in Palawan, where Site Coordinators are assigned. The site offices, headed by Field Site Managers, will coordinate field implementation activities with LGUs, CSOs, colleges and universities, private sector and other partners in the target sites. They will work closely with technical advisors in the design of these activities. Each site office will have both technical and administrative staff.
FIGURE 4: PROTECT WILDLIFE ORGANIZATIONAL CHART
72 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 The Protect Wildlife SA technical teams in Manila will continue to have sub-teams, each headed by a technical advisor. The technical team will lead national-level activities and provide holistic programmatic direction to site teams, who, in turn, will oversee implementation at the site level. The SA teams will closely coordinate their planning and implementation activities with other SA team members and the site teams. This is going to be critical in Year 2 as the activity increasingly shifts toward complementation, integration and collaboration in the design and implementation of TOC-based actions and sub-actions to meet targets, deliverables, outputs and outcomes. An integrated approach to activities of SAs in the three sites is also important to achieve the results that are closely linked to the results of other SAs results and to the desired overall activity outcomes.
The Protect Wildlife team’s quarterly meetings will increasingly move toward progress in meeting activity outcomes while discussing lessons learned and responses to the learning questions that are part of the Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning Plan.
Protect Wildlife’s crosscutting team, which is composed of four specialists, will look after concerns that cuts across SA actions in each site. These are on spatial analysis, gender mainstreaming, communications, and monitoring, evaluation and learning. These specialists make sure that Protect Wildlife meets the requirements of USAID with respect to gender responsiveness, communications and branding and reporting. In Year 2, an environmental compliance specialist will be engaged to assess major SA interventions and document and monitor compliance of Protect Wildlife with USAID and the Philippine government’s environmental policies.
The administrative and finance support team in Manila and the site-based logistics and finance staff will continue to service both the site and Manila-based technical teams.
4.3 YEAR 2 OPERATIONS AND MANAGEMENT PLAN
Staffing The activity will conduct a performance review of current staff to determine how they have performed based on their tasks and responsibilities in Year 1. Staff with low performance will be considered for replacement. The replacement of technical staff who are under the sub-contracts will be discussed with the concerned sub- contractor. The activity will continue to recruit a Biodiversity Conservation Financing Advisor to carry out the tasks and provide thought leadership to Protect Wildlife’s sustainable financing strategy (SA 2). The activity will recruit, orient and mentor new staff especially those who will be based in the General Santos City office and in the fourth site office. These are the additional six staff who will be hired: • Field Site Manager • Community Mobilization Specialist • GIS/Spatial Planning Specialist • Finance and Administration Officer • Logistics and Procurement Officer • Project Driver
Toward the end of Year 2, as soon as DENR and USAID approve the fourth Protect Wildlife site, the activity may start recruiting new staff. The new office will have more or less the same staffing level. As implementation expands in the current and new sites in Year 2, the activity will recruit more staff to strengthen support to site teams and fill in several skills gaps. The hiring of five additional staff to support the technical specialists of the SAs and the expansion of Palawan operations are as follows:
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 73 • Project Associate for Behavior Change Communication • Project Associate for Enforcement • Protected Area Management Planning/FLUP Specialists (2) • Community Engagement Assistant for Palawan With these additional staffing, total staff will reach 60 in Year 2. The staff distribution will be as shown in Table 13. TABLE 13: DISTRIBUTION OF PROTECT WILDLIFE STAFF IN YEAR 2
ZAMBOANGA/ 4TH MANILA PALAWAN GENSAN TOTAL TAWI-TAWI SITE Currently on-board 25 9 - 8 - 42 For hiring 5 1 6 - 6 18 Total 30 10 6 8 6 60 Technical Staff 17 5 3 4 3 32 Support 13 5 3 4 3 28 Total 30 10 6 8 6 60
New Office in General Santos City The new office in General Santos City will serve as the site office for General Santos-South Cotabato- Sarangani operations. An ocular inspection of various offices available in the city has been completed. The most suitable office is in the compound of East Asia Royal Hotel. It will require minor renovation and outfitting. It is expected to be operational in early November 2017.
Procurement and Logistics The activity will continue to adopt the existing systems for procurement in Manila and in each field site. In Year 2, the expected major procurement are the office space in General Santos City and its outfitting, computers for new staff, travel and training/conference venues. There will also be several fixed price purchase order contracts and independent consultant agreements for engaging resource organizations, university staff and other professional services to support the implementation of planned SA activities.
4.4 GENDER ACTION PLAN
Protect Wildlife reaffirms its commitment to advance gender equality and women empowerment as embodied in the USAID Gender Equity and Female Empowerment Policy of April 2017, the USAID Philippines Country Development Cooperation Strategy for FY 2013-2018, the Women in Development and Nation Building Act of 1992 (RA 7192) and the Magna Carta of Women Act of 2009 (RA 9710).
As an integral part of the management approach, the priority gender actions in Year 2 focuses on ensuring that men and women, especially those belonging to the marginalized sector, will have the opportunity to equally participate in and benefit from the activity interventions. To make certain that the Protect Wildlife SA and site teams consciously incorporate gender into their technical assistance activities, the following activities will be taken, led by the Gender Specialist:
1. The designs of capacity building activities and on-site interventions of the SAs that involve people from communities will be reviewed to check for appropriate gender mainstreaming. SA and site teams will be provided with the appropriate guides (including gender fair language that should be used) and checklists for gender mainstreaming in training, livelihood interventions, resource management planning, policy formulations and research.
74 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 2. For expansion sites, gender analysis in selected communities will be carried out to understand the dynamics and differences of women’s and men’s role, practices, social, cultural norms, issues, constraints, opportunities and concerns on resource management and conservation. The analyses will be inputs to the situation analysis particularly in the discussion of major issues related to people and use/management of resources. Identified gender barriers and gender gaps will be considered in designing interventions (e.g., law enforcement, livelihood, capacity development, policy development, communication for public awareness) and in the formulation of resource management plans and programs. 3. Sex-disaggregated data will be collected for specific indicators included in the Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning Plan, the Environmental Mitigation Monitoring Plan and the Gender Plan. A system for consolidation and analysis of sex-disaggregated data and other gender- and youth-related data will be maintained. Sex-disaggregated data will indicate progress of the activity in reducing gender inequalities and impacts. 4. Processes, challenges, successes and lessons learned in promoting gender equity and women’s participation in Protect Wildlife activities will be documented and shared with partners and stakeholders. 5. Partnerships and networking with site-based organizations (e.g., CSOs and the academe) involved in environment and gender concerns will be pursued to build local capacity to coordinate efforts, strengthen knowledge and support a gender-responsive approach to biodiversity actions. Protect Wildlife will participate in regional or site-level events organized by partners to share and present lessons from successes and challenges in mainstreaming gender in conservation management. 6. Orientation and training on gender policies (e.g. Harmonized Gender and Development Guidelines, BMB Technical Bulletins etc.) will be provided to partners (e.g., DENR, PCSD, LGUs, protected area management boards, colleges and universities, etc.). 7. On annual basis, Protect Wildlife will accomplish and submit to the NEDA (September), USAID and DENR-BMB (November) the Gender and Development Scorecard for Project Management Implementation and Project Monitoring and Evaluation. The checklist/scorecard will determine gender responsiveness of the activity.
4.5 COMMUNICATION PLAN
Guided by the approved overall communication plan for the life of the activity, Protect Wildlife will continue to roll out communication activities in Year 2 that aim to achieve the following broad objectives: 1. Building a shared understanding of Protect Wildlife objectives, approaches and results among partners and stakeholders, 2. Providing communication support to address various needs in activity implementation, and 3. Generating interest for key conservation issues, particularly those in target sites.
Under Objective 1, Protect Wildlife communications will foster a common understanding of the activity’s purpose, objectives and measures of success to help mobilize support from partners and stakeholders. This involves demonstrating and sharing the importance of the activity, its relevance to national and local contexts, the effectiveness of its technical approaches and the lasting value of its results and successes. These, in turn, will contribute to creating a positive recognition and perception of USAID’s biodiversity programming for the Philippines. Under Objective 2, Protect Wildlife communications will adapt to emerging needs of the five SAs, especially in opportunities where it can contribute to a more synergistic and more innovative implementation of the activity. Finally, under Objective 3, Protect Wildlife will collaborate with the DENR and partners at various levels to complement their communication, education and public awareness activities that support biodiversity and wildlife conservation.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 75 Building shared understanding
As it expands to new sites and forges new partnerships in Year 2, Protect Wildlife will ensure that its key messages and communication outputs consistently convey the activity’s successes as a result of assistance “from the American people” and of the vital partnerships with the Philippine government and other key stakeholders. The activity will periodically review and modify existing materials and collaterals for introducing Protect Wildlife as a USAID activity and its objectives to suit new audiences and stakeholders in expansion sites. The Communication Specialist will lead in enforcing USAID branding and marking in these new sites, including orienting new staff on compliance with these guidelines. Aside from email bulletins sent to partners and weekly stories submitted to USAID/Philippines, Protect Wildlife will report highlights of its Year 1 implementation and produce these in different formats, including an abridged accomplishment report. To promote USAID support in biodiversity conservation among audience groups beyond Protect Wildlife’s existing networks, the activity will tap traditional and social media to promote activity milestones to broader publics, working around key global and national environment events whenever possible. Year 2 milestones will include new partnerships and agreements with key activity partners; rollout of local BCC campaigns resulting from Campaigning for Conservation; improved conservation policies, such as the LGUs’ adoption of validated policy-designated land uses in Mount Mantalingahan Protected Landscape; and participation in global, national and local CEPA activities together with the DENR and other partners. Potential media engagements will include news releases and stories pitched to national and local TV and radio, national broadsheets and online news sites and local publications in target sites. They will also contain expert opinion pieces pitched to print and online news outlets; digital content produced in partnership with online news sites; and radio and TV interviews with experts from the Protect Wildlife team and partner organizations. To show case the activity’s accomplishments and to help position USAID as a key organization in the environmental conservation sector, Protect Wildlife will participate in exhibitions, environmental celebrations and knowledge-sharing events. These events may be research symposia hosted by PCSDS and the Biodiversity Conservation Society of the Philippines; the 12th Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals to be held in Manila; and various national and local celebrations of global environmental events such as World Wildlife Day and International Day for Biological Diversity. For Year 2, the activity will commission photography and videography to produce a media bank of images and videos documenting pilot sites, including Mount Mantalingahan Protected Landscape and Pasonanca Natural Park, as well as particular endemic species, including the Philippine pangolin. The media bank will not only enrich communication outputs of the activity but can also be a multimedia reference of Protect Wildlife partners for conservation research and planning.
Providing communication support
Under SA 1, the Communications Specialist will work closely with the Behavior Change Communication Specialist in developing various BCC campaigns that will support and complement the activities of other SAs, current CEPA activities of the DENR and other partners, and corporate social responsibility initiatives in the private sector. Protect Wildlife communications will support SA 2 by producing specific collaterals and materials that will promote GDA opportunities to prospective partners in public and private sectors, progress in generating PES revenues from enterprises, and new investments in conservation and sustainable livelihoods. For SA 3, activity communications will highlight milestones in policy directions and zoning and land use decisions, such as the results of forest land use planning that delineate protection and conservation areas as wildlife habitats, ecotourism attractions, production areas in public lands and those designated for settlements
76 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 and other built up areas. The activity will disseminate successes and lessons learned derived from participatory processes and capacity strengthening in conservation to governance partners and stakeholders. Support for SA 4 will involve facilitating publication and dissemination of knowledge products, as well as co- organization and participation in relevant symposia and scientific fora, to reach target audiences in academic and research communities. Finally, the Communications Specialist and Behavior Change Communication Specialist will work with the SA 5 team, DENR-BMB and law enforcement partners in piloting campaigns in activity sites to encourage reporting of wildlife trafficking incidences, particularly in transshipment points.
Generating interest for conservation issues
Drawing from DENR-BMB’s draft CEPA Strategic Plan and the activity’s experience in joining various environmental events in Year 1, Protect Wildlife aims to engage in more opportunities to support partners through communication and public outreach activities. The Communications Specialist and the Behavior Change Communication Specialist will work together with other SAs and activity partners in designing, testing and mounting various campaigns that carry behavior change components, which seeks to improve attitudes toward conservation and promote adoption of a specific behavior. These campaigns will be developed to support and complement the activities of other SAs in Protect Wildlife sites; CEPA activities of the DENR and other partners, particularly during international and national environmental events; and even CSR initiatives of partners in the private sector, which may count toward GDA investments for local conservation efforts. For Year 2, prospective campaigns and activities include the following: • Together with SA 5 and DENR-BMB, pilot enforcement campaigns in Protect Wildlife sites to encourage reporting of wildlife trafficking incidences, particularly in airports, seaports, bus terminals, local markets and commercial outlets. • Together with SA 5 and PCSDS or PENRO Palawan, carry out conservation campaign in the province for the Philippine pangolin, with key dates on World Pangolin Day (third Saturday of February), World Wildlife Day (March 3), International Day for Biological Diversity (May 22) and Baragatan Festival (province-wide event, June) • Together with SA 5 and DENR-BMB, carry out conservation campaign in Protect Wildlife sites for marine turtles, with key dates with key dates on World Wildlife Day (March 3), International Day for Biological Diversity (May 22), National Month of the Ocean (May) and World Sea Turtle Day (June 16) • Support the DENR-BMB’s World Wildlife Day celebration (March 3), including support for Wildlife Enforcement Awards, National Wildlife Quiz Bee, and an activity featuring gender, development and conservation in time for International Women’s Month • Provide campaign support for local activities (i.e., tree planting, coastal cleanup, etc.) on the following events: Earth Day (April 22), National Month of the Ocean (May), Philippine Arbor Day (June 25), Philippine Environment Month (June), Kamahardikaan Festival (Tawi- Tawi-wide event, September), tied up with Protect Wildlife’s mini-BCC campaigns at the sites
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 77 4.6 MONITORING, EVALUATION AND LEARNING PLAN
The activity developed the Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning Plan based on the Theory of Change results chains that were developed for SAs and the overall activity, the deliverables set out in the DAI Global, LLC contract for Protect Wildlife and from the USAID/Philippines Country Development Cooperation Strategy to which Protect Wildlife contributes. The MEL Plan provides a detailed description of the indicators to track 15 contract deliverables, five Economic Growth outcome indicators and two Economic Growth output indicators. It also provides for the tracking of custom indicators for a number of learning questions related to specific results of the results chains that the SAs may want to look into at different points in time within the life of the activity. Protect Wildlife’s Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan also forms part of the MEL Plan. In view of the following developments, the updating of the MEL Plan will be an immediate activity in Year 2:
• The SA and overall results chains of Protect Wildlife were revised following their review with USAID/Measuring Impact consultants. The review also led to the modification and refinement of the learning questions in the individual SA results chains. • The Environmental Mitigation Monitoring Plan was refined and made operational after its review by the Environment Compliance Advisor of DAI Global, LLC.
The necessary refinements emanating from these developments factors will be consolidated and integrated to produce a revised MEL Plan that will be submitted to USAID by end of October 2017. The experience of the Protect Wildlife team in Year 1 in meeting the internal documentation, data gathering and reporting requirements set out in the MEL Plan will likewise be important considerations in the revision of the plan.
Activities lined up for Year 2 to further operationalize the MEL Plan and meet USAID reporting requirements are the following:
1. Development of the custom indicators for the learning questions and the appropriate methodologies for gathering data. Data collection on several of these custom indicators will be started, particularly for learning questions that are relevant for study and analysis by end of Year 2. 2. Features of the monitoring and evaluation module of the TAMIS will be improved. Examples of features that require review and some redesign are trainee profiles, training and non-training forms, data entry forms for deliverable-specific databases, data views/summaries to facilitate reporting on gender and on various types of training. The separate module in TAMIS for environmental compliance and for the custom indicators for the learnings questions will also have to be set up. 3. SA and site teams will be given a refresher session on the use of TAMIS for activity and performance tracking, the data gathering tools and data entry processes that are being used, and the data views that are available to track their respective performance with respect to the contract deliverables. The respective roles of specific teams or staff members in data collection and entry will also be reemphasized. The General Santos site team will be trained on the indicators and on TAMIS as soon as their computer network is set up. 4. Periodic data quality review to ensure that data on the output and outcome indicators (as well as the custom and environmental monitoring indicators) are updated and are accurate. A periodic audit will also be done on the documentary evidences required for each indicator to make sure that these are available in the system. 5. Quarterly summaries on the activity’s performance indicators will be produced for team meetings/assessments and quarterly progress reports. 6. Protect Wildlife quarterly training information will be inputted into the USAID TRAINET database. 7. Weekly updates/briefs and monthly/quarterly calendar of activities will be produced for USAID.
78 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 4.7 SECURITY PLAN
As a USG-funded activity, Protect Wildlife will maintain close coordination with the Regional Security Office of the US Embassy, the Overseas Security Advisory Council and other security-related USAID activities for security updates. The activity’s Security Director will also continue to link with law enforcement and other relevant Philippine government agencies, such as the PNP and concerned regional and provincial units, Philippine Coast Guard, Armed Forces of the Philippines and its Intelligence Security Groups and National Intelligence Coordinating Agency.
In Year 2, Protect Wildlife will finalize and roll out its Security Management Plan and Protocol based on the lessons in Year 1 and emerging security issues and risks in Mindanao as a result of the martial law declaration. The activity will carry out periodic assessment of security risks in its sites especially in Zamboanga City-Tawi- Tawi, GenSan-Sarangani and southern Palawan. It will strengthen current protocols and reporting system between the field units and Manila. Staff who travel to high-risk areas will be required to follow certain protocols and reporting procedures to ensure that they are not put into precarious situations. All activity staff will undergo security orientation and will be provided with updates. Security briefing may be needed for staff travelling to areas that are relatively unstable.
The Security Director will conduct periodic security assessment of sites and satellite offices, hotels and event venues and land travel routes that Protect Wildlife regularly use. In Year 2, Protect Wildlife will relocate its Security Director from Zamboanga City field office to Manila. This will facilitate planning, implementation, refinement and adjustments of its security protocol and plan.
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 79 5 ESTIMATED FINANCIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR YEAR 2
1. The Protect Wildlife Year 2 work plan covers activities from July to September 2018. Table 14 shows the financial requirements for Year 2 implementation. This budget however only covers the period of July 2017- June 2018, which is the second year period of the DAI Global, LLC contract.
2. The total financial requirements for Year 2 activities is US$3.75M or PHP 187.74M using PHP50=$1 exchange rate. Wildlife crime prevention and enforcement (SA 5) compose 26% of the estimated cost while capacity building and technical assistance is 25% of the budget. The share of SA 4 is 10%.
3. To date, USAID has earmarked a total of US$6.64M to the Protect Wildlife activity.
4. The tagging of activity expenditures by region, by SA or sub-CLINs, by earmark (Biodiversity and Sustainable Landscapes) and by conservation law compliance categories (illegal logging, wildlife trafficking and IUU fishing) will start in Year 2.
TABLE 14: DISTRIBUTION OF YEAR 2 WORK PLAN BUDGET BY STRATEGIC APPROACH
PERCENT OF COST STRATEGIC APPROACHES BUDGET (PHP) BUDGET (US$) TOTAL ELEMENTS BUDGET SA 1: Behavior Change 1.1 41,302,500 826,050 22% Communication 1.2 SA 2: Conservation Financing 31,915,600 638,312 17% SA 3: Conservation and 1.3 47,352,550 947,051 25% Governance 1.4 SA 4: Conservation and Research 18,104,650 362,093 10%
1.5 SA 5: Wildlife Law Enforcement 49,063,500 981,270 26%
TOTAL 187,738,800 3,754,776 100%
The distribution of the budget for the Year 2 work plan by site is in Table 15. It includes an allocation of 2 percent for initial activities in a fourth Protect Wildlife site, which is expected to be identified in Year 2. Manila has the largest share (51 percent) because the national advisors and specialists are located in Manila and there are a number of national-level and Manila-based activities of partners that Protect Wildlife will support in Year 2. The Year 2 budget projections are somewhat conservative. The activity can adjust the projections in the upcoming quarters as spending patterns shift. The activity has budgeted for an increase in the second half of the year based on the activity schedule and new offices and staff coming online. These may exceed the projections that may need upward adjustments in projections.
80 PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 TABLE 15: DISTRIBUTION OF YEAR 2 WORK PLAN BUDGET BY LOCATION
Share of Share of Share of GenSan- Total Estimated Manila Office Share of Palawan Zamboanga Sarangani- 4th Site Cost for Year 1 and Office City Office and South Bethesda Tawi-Tawi Cotabato $3,754,776 $2,515,700 $450,573 $375,478 $337,930 $75,095 100% 67% 12% 10% 9% 2%
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 81 ANNEX A
Updated List of Organizations and Agencies that Submitted Letters of Interest as Partners in Protect Wildlife Activity Implementation (as of September 30, 2017)
TYPES OF ZAMBOANGA CITY- GENSAN-SARANGANI- PALAWAN PARTNERS TAWI-TAWI SOUTH COTABATO Sub-national • Palawan Council for • Department of Agriculture- government Sustainable Development ARMM agencies Staff
Local • Brooke’s Point • Zamboanga City • Sarangani Provincial Government • Quezon - Barangay Mampang Environment and Natural Units • Rizal - Barangay Talon-talon Resources Office • Sofronio Espanola - Barangay Santa Barbara (PENRO/Sarangani Provincial • Bataraza LGU) • Environmental Conservation • Tawi-Tawi Provincial and Protection Center Government (ECPC/Sarangani Provincial • Panglima Sugala LGU) • Sibutu • Maitum • Sitangkai • Kiamba • Languyan • Alabel • Bongao • Malungon - Barangay Pahut • Glan - Barangay Nalil - Barangay Simandagit • General Santos City - Barangay Pasiagan - Barangay Poblacion • South Cotabato Provincial - Barangay Tubig Boh Government • Koronadal City • Polomolok • Tampakan • Tupi • Lake Sebu • Tboli • Surallah Governance • Tubbataha Management • Sarangani Bay protected bodies (protected Office area management area management boards boards, councils) Civil society • Augustinian Missionaries of • Zamboanga Basilan Integrated • South Cotabato Foundation, organizations the Philippines Development Alliance Inc. • Institute for the • Verde Zamboanga Development of Educational • Silsilah Dialogue Movement and Ecological Alternatives • Tawi-Tawi Marine Research (IDEAS) and Development Foundation, • Environmental Legal Inc. Assistance Center (ELAC) • Tawi-Tawi Alliance of CSOs • Nagkakaisang Tribu ng • Tawi-Tawi Family Life Palawan (NATRIPAL) Foundation, Inc.
82 PROTECT WILDLIFE THEORY OF CHANGE TYPES OF ZAMBOANGA CITY- GENSAN-SARANGANI- PALAWAN PARTNERS TAWI-TAWI SOUTH COTABATO Private sector • Zamboanga City Water groups District Peoples • Mampang Seaweeds Planters • Tribal Leaders Development organizations Association Foundation, Inc. (Tboli, South • Mampang Mangrove Aqua Silvi Cotabato) Association • Paglima Sugala Federation of Seaweed Farmers Colleges and • Western Philippines • Western Mindanao State • Mindanao State University- universities University University General Santos City • Palawan State University • Zamboanga State College of • Notre Dame of Marbel • Holy Trinity University Marine Sciences and University Technology • Universidad de Zamboanga • Ateneo de Zamboanga University • Mindanao State University - Tawi-Tawi College of Technology and Oceanography • Tawi-Tawi Regional Agricultural College • Mahardika Institute of Technology
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 83 ANNEX B
FIGURE 1: UPDATED PROTECT WILDLIFE OVERALL RESULTS CHAIN
84 PROTECT WILDLIFE THEORY OF CHANGE FIGURE 2: UPDATED STRATEGIC APPROACH 1 RESULTS CHAIN Improve attitudes and behavior toward biodiversity and its conservation in target areas at a statistically significant level
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 85 FIGURE 3: UPDATED STRATEGIC APPROACH 2 RESULTS CHAIN Intensify private and public sector involvement in biodiversity conservation and conservation financing
86 PROTECT WILDLIFE THEORY OF CHANGE FIGURE 4: UPDATED STRATEGIC APPROACH 3 RESULTS CHAIN Improve biodiversity conservation competencies of local government units and civil society organizations
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 87 FIGURE 5: UPDATED STRATEGIC APPROACH 4 RESULTS CHAIN Enhance capacities of universities to advance biodiversity conservation education, research, monitoring and innovation
88 PROTECT WILDLIFE THEORY OF CHANGE FIGURE 6: STRATEGIC APPROACH 5 RESULTS CHAIN Enhance competencies of national government agencies in enforcing biodiversity conservation-related laws and policies
PROTECT WILDLIFE ACTIVITY WORK PLAN FOR YEAR 2 89