Contributors

Pablo Alabarces, professor, Seminar in Popular Culture, Department of Communication Sciences, University of Maria Tarcisa Silva Bega, chair, Division of Humanities Arts and Letters, and associate professor, Federal University of Paraná Vander Casaqui, professor, Graduate Program in Communication and Consumption Practices, Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing Yago Colás, associate professor, Department of Comparative Literature and Arts and Ideas in the Humanities, University of Michigan Héctor Fernández L’Hoeste, professor, Department of World Languages and Cultures, Georgia State University Dexter Zavalza Hough-Snee, graduate student, Department of Spanish and Portuguese, University of California, Berkeley Robert McKee Irwin, chair, Graduate Group in Cultural Studies, and professor, Department of Spanish and Portuguese, University of California, Davis Hortensia Moreno, chair, Program in Semiotics of Gender, University Program in Gender Studies, National Autonomous University of Mexico Joshua Nadel, assistant professor, Department of History, North Carolina Central University Juan Poblete, professor, Department of Literature, University of California, Santa Cruz Juan Carlos Rodríguez, assistant professor, Department of Spanish, Georgia Institute of Technology Chloe Rutter-Jensen, associate professor, Department of Languages and Sociocultural Studies, University of the Andes Renata Maria Toledo, graduate student, Sociology Department, Federal University of Paraná Sergio Villena Fiengo, associate professor, School of Sociology, University of Index

Note about tables: page numbers in bold refer to tables Note about terms: “football” and “football (association)” refer to soccer, “football (American)” refers to American football, and “rugby” refers to Australian/British rugby

A New Policy for Brazilian Sport: Alfonsín, Raúl, 245 Brazilian Sport as a State Almendares (team), 6, 150 Matter, 130–1, 133 Alpe d’Huez, 92 Acevedo, Juan, 278 alterity, 18, 266 Adefútbol, 95 Alves, Daniel, 116, 118 Adidas, 34, 101, 111 Amateur Association of Women’s advertising, 20, 87, 169, 187, 212 Football (AAFF), 50 soccer and, 31–5, 39–40, 79, amateur sports, 2, 9 109–11, 113–14 amateur , 141, 143–4, See also individual companies 150, 158 Afición, 51 , 181, 183, 191 Africa amateur football, 50, 53, 95, African football, 2 114, 117, 269, 271, 276 people of African descent, 88 amateur , 215 players of African descent, 81, 95 amateur , 234 African Americans, 243 América (team), 50 athletes, 2, 252–9 Cup, 31, 33 basketball players, 266 Anderson, Benedict, 12–13 football athletes, 271 Anglada, Rey Vicente, 151 athletes, 234 Antezana, Luis, 30 Afro-Brazilians, 15, 81 anthropology, 8, 10, 30, 212, 273 Afro-Caribbeans, 88 anticolonialism, 21, 143, 148 Afro-Colombians, 86, 89–90 See also postcolonialism Afro-Costa Ricans, 77 Antioquia (team), 91–2, 94, 97 Afro-Cubans, 154 anti-Semitism, 239–40 Afro-Venezuelans, 6 apartheid, 240, 242 Águila, 100 Araton, Harvey, 256–9, 263, 265 Air Force Cup, 49 Arbena, José, 9, 97 Alabarces, Pablo, 10, 16–18, 240 Archetti, Eduardo, 10, 16, 30, 43, 56 Albion Football Club, 4 Ardila Lülle group, 92–3, 100 Aldabe, Carlos, 95 Arena, Eduardo, 209 292 INDEX

Arfuch, Leonor, 115 Barbudos (team), 143, 158n1 , 21, 81, 83n3, 123 Fútbol Club, 4 Argentine basketball players, baseball, 81, 86 21, 250–2, 254–7, 259–63, baseball diplomacy, 150 261, 266 in , 85, 92, 97 Argentine tennis players, 22, in Costa Rica, 73 227–46 in Cuba, 20, 141–58 baseball in, 7 in Mexico, 182, 187 boxing in, 184 in US, 8, 228, 243, 270, 273, 276 football in, 3–4, 17–18, 29–43, See also individual organizations 47–8, 50, 54, 56, 73, 95–6, and teams 98, 173 baseball studies, 9–12, 11, 16 sports studies in, 9–10 basketball, 10–11, 33–4, 40, Argentine Football Association 185, 276, 282 (AFA), 4, 40 gender and, 56, 61 Arocha, René, 148 race and, 2, 21, 249–66, 271 Arroyo, Joe, 89 See also individual organizations, Arsenal (team), 95 teams, and tournaments Ashe, Arthur, 234, 242 Bassa, Fidel, 90 ASP Junior Women’s Bastos, Michel, 116, 119–20 Championship, 205 Bavaria, 100–1, 103n11 ASP Longboard World Beasley-Murray, John, 41 Championship, 202 Bebeto, 121 Association of Argentine Football. Bellingrodt, Helmut, 88 See Argentine Football Bellini, Juan José, 99 Association Benítez, Wilfredo, 89 Association of Surfing Professionals Berg, Charles Ramírez, 230 (ASP), 201, 204, 215–17, Bestard, Miguel Angel, 48 221n1 Bhabha, Homi, 218–19 ASP Junior Women’s Bianchi-Campagnolo (team), 91 Championship, 205 Billabong, 218 ASP Longboard World Billig, Michel, 30 Championship, 202 Binello, Gabriela, 56 Atlético Nacional, 97–100 biopower, 164, 167 , 204, 208–10, 213, 218, Bird, Larry, 257–8, 266 234, 244 Birrell, Susan, 249–50 Australian Open, 234, 244 black power salute, 8 Axthelm, Pete, 264 blackness Aymar, Luciana, 34 in basketball, 252–9, 266, 271 in Brazilian racialization Bairner, Alan, 14 schemes, 15, 110 Bakhtin, Mikhail, 113, 115 in Colombian racialization Bakunin, Mikhail, 262 schemes, 89–90, 102n1 Balibar, Étienne, 214 in football, 271–2 Ballariny, Humberto, 57–9 in US racialization schemes, Barahona, Luis, 71–2 21, 228–9 INDEX 293

See also African Americans; Brazilian Soccer Confederation Afro-Brazilians; Afro- (CBF), 54, 133 Caribbeans; Afro-Colombians; British Broadcasting Afro-Costa Ricans; Afro- Corporation, 50 Cubans; Afro-Venezuelans Brown, Bruce Blatter, Sepp, 45, 60 The Endless Summer, 207, 210 Blumenthal, W. Michael, 239 Bryant, Kobe, 251 Boca Juniors (team), 36 Buenos Aires Cricket Club Bocio, María, 47 Ground, 4 , 91 Buenos Aires Football Club, 4 , 10, 30, 81, 173–4 bullfighting, 187, 238 Boltanski, Luc, 110 Bulls (team), 266 Borg, Björn, 229–31, 234, 245 Buonanno, Milly, 112, 118 Borges, Jorge Luis, 243 Boudens, Emile, 132–3, 135 Cabezudo, Marco Antonio, 211 boxing, 11, 230 Cabral, Juliana, 54 in Colombia, 19, 85–90, 92 Cabrera, Sergio in Mexico, 21, 181–99 Golpe de estadio, 3 in , 221n2 Café de Colombia (team), 92–3 See also individual athletes, California, 275, 279–80, 286 organizations, and tournaments role in surfing, 21, 202, 204, Boyd, Todd, 258 208–10, 212, 219 Bradley, Bill, 258, 266 Calvo, Rodrigo, 68 Brahma, 109, 113 Campos, Priscila, 47 , 10, 12, 30, 96 Canada, 3, 52, 270 baseball in, 7 Canadian Open, 232 boxing in, 88, 184 Cañas, Guillermo, 244 football in, 4, 9, 15–16, 20, 33, Cantareira (team), 48 46–9, 52, 54, 56–9, 61, 73, 76, capitalism, 13, 20, 81, 110, 114, 81–3, 84n5, 98, 109–24 131, 143, 152, 175, 192, 202, National Council of Sport, 133 211, 277 racialization in, 15, 19, 81, 110 Caples, Yvonne T., 196 sports/nationalism relationship Caraballo, Bernardo, 87–8 in, 125–37 (team), 6 surfing in, 206, 209, 211, 213, Caracol, 173 216, 221n3 Genio y figura, 90 See also Afro-Brazilians Caribbean, 5, 9, 49, 73, 80, 86–90, Brazilian College of Sport Sciences, 94, 97, 275 133 See also Afro-Caribbeans; Brazilian Football Confederation, 4, 54 individual countries Brazilian Military Sport Comission, Carlos, John, 8 133 Carrión, Fernando, 30 Brazilian Olympic Committee, 125, Casals, Rosie, 244 133–4 Casanova, Rodolfo “Chango,” 184 Brazilian Paralympic Committee, Castro, Fidel, 143, 150 133–4 Celtics (team), 257 294 INDEX

Centennial Games, 67, 80 Clemente, Piccolo, 202, 204 Center for Contemporary Cultural , 91, 93 Studies, 9 Club Atlético Harrods, 47 (1962), 91 Club Atlético River Plate (team), Central American Games of the 48, 95 Centenary of Independence Club Regattas, 205 (1921), 70 Club Terrazas, 205 Cervantes, Antonio “Kid Pambelé,” Club Waikiki, 204–5, 209–10, 220 86, 88–90 Cold War, 143, 150, 154, 242 César, Júlio, 121, 166 Collins, Sandra, 273 Chakrabarty, Dipesh, 202 Colombia, 10, 30, 47, 81 Chiapello, Ève, 110 baseball in, 7, 85–6, 97 , 30, 246 boxing in, 85–90, 92, 184 baseball in, 7 Colombian directors, 3 boxing in, 184 in, 85–97, 100, 102n5, football in, 4, 47–8, 54, 56, 81, 96 102n6 tennis in, 230, 232, 242 football in, 4–5, 49–50, 53, 58 China, 2, 42, 47, 60, 83n3 racialization in, 89–90, 102n1 Chinese Federation, 60 sports/nationalism relationship citizenship, 12–13, 119, 127, 131, in, 19, 85–103 240, 245, 287 in, 21, 163–78 biological citizenship, 170 tennis in, 241 consumer citizenship, 31 See also Afro-Colombians disability and, 168–77, 172 colonialism, 68, 207 football and, 17, 22, 56, 73–6, British colonialism, 14, 68 82–3 Spanish colonialism, 202–3, 208, gender and, 185, 189, 197 212, 217–19 race and, 102n1 See also anticolonialism; televised sports and, 42 imperialism; neocolonialism; civil society, 31, 41, 129, 133, 274 postcolonialism Clancy, Gil, 90 Comer, Krista, 207–9 Clarín, 50 community class, 32, 111, 113, 132, 169, 171–2 ethnic/civic concepts of, 14 baseball and, 6–7 CONCACAF Gold Cup, 275 basketball and, 256, 258, 262, Connors, Jimmy, 230–1, 234–5, 271–2 245 boxing and, 88–90, 183, 186, Consejo Latinoamericano de 190 Ciencias Sociales (CLASCO) colonialism and, 14 Deporte y Sociedad working cycling and, 91 group, 10 football and, 5, 16, 34–8, 42–3, Contreras, José Luis, 156 47–8, 68, 79–81, 97, 117–20, Contreras, Ricardo, 185, 191 278, 281, 283–7 Copa Libertadores de América, 100 surfing and, 204–6, 211, 220 Coria, Guillermo, 244 swimming and, 164–6 Corinthians Futebol Club, 4, 49 tennis and, 228–9, 234, 236 Corinthians Sport Club, 49 INDEX 295

Coronado, Josefina, 187 De Lara, María del Carmen, 183 Corrêa, Arlindo Lopes, 128 De Onís, Juan, 246 cosmopolitanism, 8, 18, 271–4 Death to Kidnappers (MAS), 93 Costa Rica, 10, 30, 47 Decree Law 3199, 49, 57 football in, 5, 19, 46, 49–50, 54, del Paso, Paulina 57–8, 61, 67–84 La Guerrera, 183, 188–90, 192 See also Afro-Costa Ricans Deleuze, Gilles, 262–3 Costa Rican Federation of Soccer Demme, Jonathan (FEDEFUTBOL), 5, 69, 74, A Gifted Man, 41 77–8 Denmark, 51 Cozzi, Julio, 95 Deportes Caldas (team), 96 cricket, 4, 10, 56, 73, 276 Deportivo América (team), 98–101 Cristal Caldas (team), 99 Deportivo Cali (team), 95–6 Crolley, Liz, 10 Deportivo Femenino de Costa Rica, Cruyff, Johan, 42 49, 58 Cuadros, Paul, 279–82 Deportivo Independiente Cuba, 10, 89 Medellín, 99 baseball in, 5–6, 9, 11, 20, 81, Deportivo Pasto (team), 101 141–58 Di Stefano, Alfredo, 95–6 boxing in, 182, 184 diaspora, 2, 18, 31, 145, 147, 153, 155 football in, 46, 49 Díaz, Rolando See also Afro-Cubans Redonda y viene en caja Cuban Americans, 150 cuadrada, 142, 145–8, 157 Cuban Baseball League, 6 Difútbol, 99 Cuban Baseball National Team, 143 Dimayor, 95–6, 101 Cúcuta (team), 95, 101 disability studies, 21 cultural studies, 9–12, 29, 249 disabled athletes, 1, 163–78 cycling, 12, 185 See also Para Pan American in Argentina, 40 Games; in Colombia, 19, 85–7, 90–4, 97, Discapacidad y derecho al trabajo, 100, 102n5, 102n6 171 See also individual athletes, , 11, 184, 185 organizations, and tournaments Dogny Larco, Carlos, 203–4, Czech Republic, 242 208–11, 214, 218, 220, 221n3 Dominguez, Maribel, 59 Da Silva, “Diamante , 5–6, 9–10, Negro,” 110–11 184 Da Souza, Marcos Alves, 56 Donaldson, Carter, 7 Damo, Arlei, 10, 16, 114, 135 Draibe, Sônia, 130 Daniels, Elizabeth, 60 drug cartels, 86, 93, 97–101 Davidson, Michael, 116, 176 drug trafficking, 86–8 Dávila, Andrés, 30 Duarte, Óscar, 82 , 235, 238–42, 241 Duke, David, 280 De Castro, Leite, 57 Dunning, Eric, 8, 276 De la Rosa, Magoo, 203, 210, 212, Durant, Kevin, 252 214, 216–17, 221n3 Dussel, Enrique, 203, 213 296 INDEX

Echevarría, Aquileo, 84n4 tennis in, 234 Eco, Umberto, 56 See also individual countries , 7, 30, 47, 52, 81, 95 Eusebio, 42 Edwards, Harry, 8 Evert, Chris, 234 Ehrenberg, Alain, 115 Evita Perón (team), 50 , 73, 81, 284 Elano, 116, 119–20 Fabiano, Luís, 116, 120–1, 123 Elias, Norbert, 14, 131, 183, 276 Federación Colombiana de Fútbol Elias, Robert, 11, 15 (FCF), 5 Eliot, Charles, 254 Federación Mexicana de Fútbol Elsey, Brenda, 56 (FEMEXFUT), 5 The Endless Summer, 207, 210 Federación Nacional de Tabla England (FENTA), 204, 206, 211, 2012 Paralympic Games, 163 217–18, 220 cricket in, 276 Federación Venezolana de Béisbol, 6 English immigrants, 4, 670 Federación Venezolana de Fútbol, 5 football in, 15, 34, 36, 43, 47, Federal Authority of Audiovisual 50, 68, 177n3 Communication Services tennis in, 234 (AFSCA), 40 See also Great Britain; United Federer, Roger, 228 Kingdom Femenino La Libertad (team), 50 Envigado Football Club, 99 femininity equestrian sports, 10, 185 boxing and, 196–8 Equipo Cuba (team), 149, 150, 152 football and, 45, 51, 58–60, 277 Escobar, Pablo, 87, 93, 98–9 tennis and, 230–1 Esto, 51 feminism, 172, 196, 234, 242, 244, ethnicity, 19, 97, 127, 165, 192, 249, 272 244, 266, 269 red feminism, 192 community and, 14 Fernández, José Ramón, 10 ethnic conflict, 22 FIBA World Championships, ethnic diversity, 88, 101 250–1, 262 ethnic mixture, 3, 183 , 11, 33–5, 40 ethnic slurs, 89 Fiengo, Sergio Villena, 10, 30 marginalization and, 81 FIFA, 69, 73, 94–6, 98, 103n10, nationalism and, 71, 78, 80, 273 113, 121, 227 See also race Financial Assistant Program, 52 ethnography, 21, 29, 71, 83n1, sanctions by, 38 183–4, 204, 213, 274, 278 women’s football and, 45–7, Euroleague, 251 51–5, 58–61 Europe, 55, 68, 79, 81, 203, 214, 241 See also basketball in, 251 FIFA Women’s Invitational, 47, 54 boxing in, 183 Filho, Mario, 9, 15, 48 cycling in, 86, 91–3, 102n6 Fillol, Jaime, 230, 232 football in, 2, 36, 42–3, 47, Firpo, Luis Ángel, 230 94–6, 111, 114, 121, 123, 167, Flórez, Alfonso, 86 177n3 Fonseca, Rolando, 76 INDEX 297 football (American), 2, 228, 243–4, Football Association of Chile, 4 254, 270–3, 276, 280–3 Foucault, Michel, 167 football (association), 229 , 92–4, 203, 234 in Argentina, 3–4, 17–18, 29–43, 2007 World Cup in, 35 47–8, 50, 54, 56, 73, 81, 83n3, Fraser, Nancy, 168, 172, 177 95–6, 98, 173 Frazier, Alfonso, 89 in Bolivia, 81 French Open, 234–5 in Brazil, 4, 9, 15–17, 20, 33, Freyre, Gilberto, 15 46–9, 52, 54, 56–61, 73, 76, Fuentes, Moisés, 174, 176 81–3, 83n3, 84n5, 98, 109–24, Fuera de liga, 141–2, 144, 148–9, 129 151–3, 155–6, 158 in Chile, 4, 47–8, 54, 56, 81, 96 Fuzeira, José, 57 in China, 60, 83n3 in Colombia, 4–5, 19, 49–50, 53, Galeano, Eduardo, 10 58, 86–7, 90, 94–101, 103n10, García Canclini, Néstor, 31 173–4 Garmabella, José Ramón, 182 in Costa Rica, 5, 19, 46, 49–50, garotos-propoganda, 114 54, 57–8, 61, 67–84 , 42, 121 in Cuba, 46, 49 Gastaldo, Edison, 10 development of, 4–6 Gazeta de Noticias, 47 in Ecuador, 52, 81 A Gazeta Esportiva, 57 in El Salvador, 73, 81 Gebhard, José, 239–40 in England, 2, 15, 34, 36, 43, 47, Gellner, Ernst, 13 50, 68, 177n3 gender, 9, 15–16, 18, 75, 152, 271 in Europe, 2, 36, 42–3, 47, boxing and, 21, 181–2, 185–99, 94–6, 111, 114, 121, 123, 167, 197–8 177n3 football and, 17, 33–5, 38, 42, in Germany, 123 45–61, 272, 277–8 in , 49, 81 swimming and, 164 in , 49, 51, 73 tennis and, 227–31, 234–8, imperialism and, 7–8 242–5 in Italy, 123 See also femininity; feminism; in Mexico, 5, 50–4, 58–9, 82, masculinity 181–2, 185, 186 Genio y figura, 90 in , 46, 49 Germany, 32, 54, 78, 123, 177, 239 in , 52, 59 1972 Munich , 88 in Peru, 50, 98, 211 2006 World Cup in, 163 in Spain, 83n3 A Gifted Man, 41 in sports studies, 9–12, 15–16 Gimnasia y Esgrima (team), 48 in , 21–2, 52–3, 59, Ginobili, Emmanuel “Manu,” 269–87 21, 250–2, 254–7, 259–63, in , 48, 50, 81 261, 266 in , 50 Giraldo, Daniel, 173 women’s football, 19, 45–61 Giro d’Italia, 91, 100 See also individual organizations, Giuliano, Traci A., 61 teams, and tournaments Giulianotti, Richard, 14, 17, 276 298 INDEX globalization, 30, 152 Hagan, Jacqueline Maria, 277 basketball and, 251, 260–2 Hall, Stuart, 13 football and, 111, 114, 116, 122, Han Duan, 60 273–4, 282–3 , 40 nationalism and, 2, 17, 78–81, Hansen, Miriam, 231 135, 164, 167 Harada Masahiko, 88 See also neoliberalism Hargreaves, Jennifer, 9, 187 Goellner, Silvana Vilodre, 58 Baseball Club, 6 Goldlust, Jay, 9 Hawai’i, 203–4, 208–13, 215, Golpe de estadio, 3 217–19, 221n8 Gómez, Analí, 205–6, 214 hegemony, 43n2, 202, 286 Gómez, Chano, 187 baseball and, 7–8 Gómez, Gonzalo, 6 colonialism and, 202 Gómez, Hernán Darío, 97 football and, 7–8, 17, 37, 110 Gómez, Ignacio, 98 gender and, 192, 198 Gómez, José “Jarita,” 214–15, sports reinforcing, 5, 19, 195, 272 218–19 surfing and, 207–14, 217, 219–20 Gómez, Vicente, 6 Heldman, Gladys, 242 González, Miguel Ángel, 190 Hellerman, Steven L., 272 González, Pancho, 243–4 Herediano Sporting Club, 69 González Dobles, Jaime, 69 Hernández, Liván, 151 González Echevarría, Roberto, Hernández, Orlando “El Duque,” 11, 146 145, 148, 156 Gonzalo, 121 Hernández Carballido, Elina, 183 Gonzalo Rodríguez Gacha, José Herrera, Luis “Lucho,” 86, 91–2, Gonzalo, 99 102n4 Goolagong, Evonne, 234 heteronormativity, 168 Gottfried, Brian, 235 heterosexuality, 231, 235 El Gráfico, 47–8 Hewitt, Bob, 240–1 Grand Slam, 227, 235, 244 Heyerdahl, Thor, 212 Great Britain, 10, 15, 94–5 Hinault, Bernard, 92 British imperialism, 3–5, Hobsbawm, Eric, 30, 56 7–8, 14, 68 Hock, Jonathan cricket in, 276 The Lost Son of Havana, 142, football in, 2, 50 153–6, 158 See also England; United homophobia, 38, 45–6 Kingdom homosexuality, 45–6, 59 Group Clarín, 40 See also lesbians Gruneau, Richard, 9 Honduras, 49, 51, 73 Guatemala, 7, 49, 67, 70, 81 Hoosiers, 256–7 Guedes, Simino Lahud, 10 Houlihan, Barrie, 127 La Guerrera, 183, 188–90, 192 Humala, Ollanta, 206 Gulick, Luther, 254 Hungary, 96 Gutiérrez, FN, 192 Gutiérrez Chong, Natividad, 197 ideology, 9, 71, 150, 229, 232 Guttman, Allen, 207–8, 213 ableism as, 168–72 INDEX 299

economic mobility and, 154 International Olympic Committee meritocracy as, 118, 123 (IOC), 125, 202 nationalism and, 1, 79–80, 136, International Review for the 197, 245 Sociology of Sport, 8 race and, 21, 265 International Surfing Association sports as critiquing, 16 (ISA), 211, 221n8 sports as reinforcing, 125–9, ISA Games, 217–18 187, 270 ISA Open, 215 Iglesias, Rafael, 69 ISA Surfing Championships, 204 imperialism, 2, 14, 203, 213–15, Junior World Surfing Games, 217–20, 251 215, 217–18, 231 British imperialism, 3–5, 7–8, 14 World Surfing Games, 202, 217 US imperialism, 3, 5–8, 11, 15, International Surfing 211, 214 Federation (ISF), 202 See also colonialism; ISF World Championships, neocolonialism 210, 212 Independiente (team), 50, 99 International Tennis Hall of India, 241, 276 Fame, 244 Indians (team), 153 Ireland, 82, 182, 198 indigeneity, 15, 21, 68, 91–2, 192, Italy, 91, 93, 123, 151, 177 203, 207, 220 1990 World Cup, 73–6, 78, 82 Australian aboriginials, 234 Women’s Chimú, 214 (football) in, 51 Incas, 214–15, 219 Iverson, Allen, 258 Mayans, 277 Moche, 213–14, 218 Jabbar, Kareem Abdul, 258 Quecha language, 215 Jagger, Bianca, 236 See also Native Americans; Native Jamaica, 54 Hawaiians , 2, 88, 151 Industriales (team), 141, 148–9, Jerónimo Jiménez, Alejandro, 183 151–2 Jesurún, Ramón, 101 Infante, Pedro, 184 Jofre, Eder, 88 Ingle, Zachary, 142 Johnson, Earvin “Magic,” 252, Ingstad, Benedicte, 169 257, 266 Instituto Nacional de Deportes, Jordan, Michael, 252, 258, 266 Educación Física y Recreación Jornal dos Sports, 48 (INDER), 149, 151–2 Joyce, Gare, 9 Instituto Peruano del Deporte Juan, 116 (IPD), 204, 206, 212, Juárez, Mariana “la Barbie,” 196 217–18 El juego de Cuba, 142, 148–53, International Basketball Federation 155–6, 158 (FIBA), 250–1 Julio, Ener, 90 See also FIBA World Julio, Jorge Eliécer, 90 Championships International Hockey Federation Kahanamoku, Duke, 203–4, 209 (IHF), 34 Kaká, 116–17, 121 300 INDEX

Kane, Mary Jo, 60 Liga de Béisbol Profesional de Kekai, Rabbit, 204 Panamá, 7 Kenyon, Gerald S., 8 Liga de Football del Atlántico, 94 King, Billie Jean, 229, 234, 242 Liga de la Cabeza de Juárez, 51 Kirchmerism, 33, 38–9, 43 Liga Nicaragüense de Béisbol Kirchner, Cristina Fernández de, Profesional, 7 37–40, 38 Liga Venezolana de Béisbol Kirchner, Nestor, 40 Profesional, 6 Klein, Alan, 9, 11 Linares, Omar, 150 Kleszynski, Keith, 273, 278 Liverpool (team), 95 Knicks (team), 266 Lobo, Gregory, 173, 175, Knight, Jennifer L., 61 177n2 Knijnik, Jorge, 59 López, Vidal, 6 Koppett, Leonard, 263–6 Lora, Miguel “Happy,” 90 Korea, 2, 192–3 Lorente, Sebastian, 202 2002 Korea-Japan World Cup, Los Pumas (team), 34–5 29, 76–9, 82, 83n1 The Lost Son of Havana, 142, Kretchmar, R. Scott, 251–9, 263, 153–6, 158 265 Loy, John W., 8 Lúcio, 116–17, 121, 123 La Guerrera, 183, 188–90, 192 ludic diffusion, 203, 207–8, de Raleigh (LLR), 273–4 212–13, 218 La Sele (team), 67, 70, 73–8, 82–3 Lugano (team), 95 LaFrance, David, 10 Lula da Silva, Luiz Ignácio, 113 Lakers (team), 257 Lara Bonilla, Rodrigo, 98 Macías, Raúl “Ratón,” 184 Larco Hoyle, Rafael, 203 Mafud, Julio, 9 Las Leonas (team), 34 Magoll, María Hansen, 47 Láscaris, Constantino, 72 Maicon, 116–17 Latinos, 12, 41–2, 228, 246 Major League Baseball, 141–2, baseball players, 7 144, 148, 151, 154, 156–7 football (American) players, Major League Soccer, 271 243–4 Maldonado, Marco A., 182–3 football players, 21–2, 266, Maradona, Diego, 29, 31–9, 269–87 41–2 See also individual countries and Maravich, Pete, 258 groups Marcos, Tino, 119 Latvia, 239 Mariátegui, José Carlos, 216 Lee, Jung Woo, 192 Markovits, Andrei S., 272 Lefebvre, Henri, 207 Marshall, Thomas, 131 Leite de Castro, Augusto, 57 Martín Barbero, Jesús, 112 lesbians, 46, 59, 61 Martín Cuenca, Manuel Lever, Janet, 9 El juego de Cuba, 142, Liga América (team), 51 148–53, 155–6, 158 Liga Católica, 49 Marx, Karl, 262 Liga de Béisbol Profesional, 6 Marxism, 8–9, 232, 249 INDEX 301 masculinity, 10, 192 Metropolitan Academy, 183 boxing and, 21, 181–2, 185, Mexican Association of Women’s 193, 197–8 Football, 51 football and, 17, 33, 35, 38, 45, Mexican Federation of Amateur 55–61, 277–8 Boxing, 185, 191 sports and, 15–16, 195, 271 Mexican Football Federation tennis and, 230–1, 234 (FMF), 51–3 Mason, Tony, 10 Mexican Olympic Club, 183 Masters Grand Prix, 227 Mexico, 10–12, 47, 243–4 Matanzas (team), 6 1956 Pan-American Matta, Roberto da, 9, 16, 30 Championship, 73 Matters of Race, 281 1968 Olympic Games, 8 Maturana, Francisco, 97, 100 baseball in, 6 Maxwell, Heather D., 60 boxing in, 21, 181–99 McDonald, Ian, 147, 154 football in, 5, 50–4, 58–9, 82 McDonald, Mary, 249–50 Mexican migrant players, 273, McEnroe, John, 228 278–9, 281–6 McKay, Jim, 152, 163 soccer in, 274–5 McMillan, Frew, 240–1 tennis in, 241 Medellín (team), 95–9 Miller, Rory, 10 media, 2, 9, 192–3, 274 Miller, Toby, 152, 163, 276 coverage of baseball, 141–58 Millonarios F. C., 95–6, 99, 102n9 coverage of boxing, 182, 184, Molina, Iván, 73 187, 195–6 Montes, Margarita “La Maya,” 187 coverage of cycling, 92–3, 102n5, Mora, Juanito, 78 102n6, 109–23 Morales, Kendry, 141 coverage of football, 16–18, 20, Morales, Víctor Hugo, 34 34, 36, 61, 70, 72–4, 76, 80, Moreno, Hernán Botero, 98 83n1, 111 Morin, Edgar, 111, 118 coverage of Paralympics, 21, Mosse, George, 55 163–4, 169–71, 173–7 Mothers of the Plaza de coverage of surfing, 202, 204, Mayo, 238 206, 209, 212–16 Mulanovich, Sofía, 201, 204, 206, coverage of tennis, 22, 228–46 211, 214, 218–19, 221n2 nationalism and, 32 mulatismo, 15 regulation of, 40–1 Múnera, Alfonso, 89 See also television; individual film and media outlets Nacional (team), 48 media studies, 9, 11–13 Naismith, James, 253–5 mediatization of sports, 9, 110, 114, Nastase, Ilie, 229, 233–4 228, 234 National Basketball Association Melo, Felipe, 116 (NBA), 251, 257–8, 262 Meneses, Guillermo Alonso, 11 National Boxing Association Messi, Lionel, 2, 32–4, 36, 42–3 (NBA), 88 Messner, Michael A., 55, 195 National Coffee Grower’s mestizos, 86, 91–2, 183 Federation, 92 302 INDEX

National Commission of 1988 Seoul Olympics, 221n2 Athletes, 133 1992 Barcelona Olympics, National Exhibit of New 250, 257 Filmmakers, 141 2000 Sydney Olympics, 33–4, 78 National Football League, 243–4 2004 Athens Olympics, 33–4, National Journal of TV Globo, 109 251 National Liberation Army 2008 Beijing Olympics, 32–4, (ELN), 93 33, 54 National Organization of National 2012 London Olympics, 33, 54, Sport Entities, 133 163, 173 National Policy of Physical boxing medals, 184 Education and Sport, 128–9 Mexico’s medals, 185 National Soccer League. See Costa See also Brazilian Olympic Rican Federation of Soccer Committee; International National Sport Council, 133 Olympic Committee (IOC); nationalism Mexican Olympic Club women as threats to, 46 Once Caldas (team), 101 Native Americans, 86, 214, 216–17 See also Cristal Caldas (team) See also indigeneity Orioles (team), 149–50, 152 Native Hawaiians, 209 Ortega, Álvaro, 99 Navarrete, Rubén, 275 Osorio, Teresa, 183, 187 Navratilova, Marina, 242 Ozama (team), 6 neocolonialism, 207–8, 211, 214, 219–20 Padilla, Joaquin, 282, 284 See also postcolonialism Padrón, Ian neoconservatism, 3, 31, 37, 39 Fuera de liga, 141–2, 144, neoliberalism, 41, 78, 80–1, 87, 148–9, 151–3, 155–6, 158 110, 115, 121–3, 167, 262–3, Pakistan, 276 280 Palmer, Steven, 70, 73 See also globalization Pambelé, Kid (Antonio Cervantes), , 3, 5, 7, 10, 81–2 86, 88–90 Nike, 111, 258 , 73, 91, 169 Nuevo Club (team), 6 Panama, 5, 7, 46, 49, 81, 89 Nussbaum, Martha, 168, 175 Para Pan American Games, 169, 173, 176 O Imparcial, 48 Paraguay, 48, 52, 59, 95–6, 239 Oceania, 203, 212 Paraguayan Federation, 52 ODECA (team), 50 Paralympic Games, 21, 133–4, The Odessa File, 239 163–77, 178n6 Olindina, Dona, 117 Pardo, María Elvira, 97 Oliven, Ruben, 10, 16–17, 114 Parra, Fabio, 86 Olympic Games, 1, 9, 31, 49, 135, Paul, Chris, 252 166–7, 169, 178n6, 202–3, Payán, Alejandro Frigerio, 95 217, 270, 277 Pedernera, Adolfo, 95 1968 , 8 Pelé, 42, 60, 111, 121, 211 1972 Munich Olympics, 88 Pelé Sports and Marketing, 60 INDEX 303

Perea, Edgar, 89 Quiksilver, 218 Pereira, Ricardo, 85 Quinones, Sam, 279, 282–4, 287 Pereira (team), 95 Pérez, Alfonso, 88 Rabadán, Luis Escala, 11 Pérez, Armando, 99 race, 164–6, 228, 249 Pérez Segovia, Clara, 196, 198 in baseball, 154 Pérez Urrea, Felipe “Pipe,” 99 in basketball, 21, 249–66 Perón, Isabel, 232–3 black power movement, 8 Perón, Juan, 37, 95, 232, 245 in boxing, 88–90 , 29, 31, 37–9, 41 in cycling, 91–2 Persecuted by Escobar (PEPES), 93 in football, 22–3, 71–2, 81, Peru, 10, 47, 95–6, 279 110, 269–87, 272 football in, 50, 98 mestizaje, 86, 91–2, 102n1, Peruvian Federal Law 27280, 183, 192 206 mulatismo, 15 surfing in, 21, 201–21 in sports/nationalism Peru International Surfing relationship, 19–20, 85–6, 152 Championships, 210 in surfing, 213–20 Peruvian National Championships, in tennis, 22, 227, 229–33, 234, 205 236–7, 242, 243–6 Pilas Varta (team), 92 See also blackness; ethnicity; Pinar del Río (team), 149 indigeneity; whiteness Pippen, Scottie, 252 racism, 38, 88–9, 118, 154, Plunkett, Jim, 243–4 281, 284 Poll, Claudia, 78 See also anti-Semitism; blackness polo, 185 Radar (team), 54 Polynesia, 209, 212, 215, 218–19 Ramírez, Jacques, 30 Pomar, Felipe, 202, 212–14, Ramirez, Rey, 283 218–19 Reagan, Ronald, 258 populism, 32, 37–41, 243 Real Madrid (team), 96, 116–17 Porfirio Díaz, José de la Cruz, 183 Red Sox (team), 153–4 postcolonialism, 202, 207, 217, Redonda y viene en caja cuadrada, 220, 276 142, 145–8, 157 See also anticolonialism; regulation of sports, 3, 40, 52, neocolonialism 114, 126, 130, 136, 181, 189, Postobón, 92, 100 191, 280 Prentinha, 59 Revolutionary Armed Forces of Professional Boxing Regulations Colombia (FARC), 93 Code of the Federal Rey y Lama, Carlos, 209 District, 191 Richards, Renée, 242 promoters, 186, 193–4, 209 Rico, Laura, 171 PromPerú, 201, 210, 212, 215, Rigauer, Bero, 8 219–20 Riggs, Bobby, 234–5 Public Broadcasting System right to sports, 125–6 (PBS), 228, 235, 281 Rigo, Luiz Carlos, 49 Puerto Rico, 5–6, 33, 184, 221n8 Ríos, Gloria “Dinamita,” 190 304 INDEX

Risse, Heinz, 8 Santos, Roberto, 188–90, 192 ritual, 84n6 São Paulo Athletic Club, 4 sports rituals, 70, 127, 136, São Paulo Football Federation, 60 145, 148, 208, 273–8 Sarlo, Beatriz, 17, 32 Robertson, Joseph, 6 Schapira, Daniel, 238 Robertson, Roland, 17 Schwartz, Yves, 115 , 116, 121, 123 , 76 Rodebaugh, Andrea, 59–60 Scott, Jack, 8 Rodríguez, César, 171 Sebreli, Juan José, 9 Rodríguez, María Graciela, 10 seleção guerreira, 109, 113 Rodríguez, Martín Emilio Senior, Alfonso, 95 “Cochise,” 91–2 Serrano, Laura, 181, 191, 194–5, 198 Rodríguez, Miguel Ángel, 76, 78–9 sexuality, 14, 192 Rodríguez Orejuela, Miguel, 98–9 boxing and, 188–9, 196 Rojas, Clemente, 88 football and, 38, 45–6, 59–61 Rojas, Rafael, 145 Latin lover stereoype, 22, 227, Roland Garros, 234–5 229–33, 236–7, 243–6 Romário, 111 race and, 102n1 Ronaldo, 111 swimming and, 164–5 Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 3 tennis and, 227–31, 234–8, Roschmann, Eduard, 239 242–5 Rose Bowl, 275 Shaquille O’Neal, 251 Rosen, Marjorie, 237–8, 243, 245 Sharapova, Maria, 228 Rossi, Néstor Raúl, 95 Sheinin, David, 241, 245 Rowe, David, 152, 163, 228 Shoals, Bethlehem, 255 rugby, 33–5, 40, 57 Showtime, 196 Sierralta, Karin, 204, 206, 211 Sabatini, Gabriela, 245 Silk, Michael L., 135 Saint-Jean, Ibérico, 239 Silva, David, 184 Salandy, Jizelle, 192–3 Silva, Gilberto, 116, 119, 122 Salazar, Lencho, 76 Simões, Rene, 54 Salcedo Ramos, Alberto, 89–90 Sitrin, Marina, 262 Saltz, Zach, 153 Smith, Tommie, 8 Samper, José María, 85 Soares, Antonio J., 15 Sánchez, Alexis, 2 soccer. See football (association) Sánchez, Efraín “Caimán,” 95–6 Soccer 5 (team), 173–4 Sánchez, Mark, 243 Soccer for Everyone, 33 Sánchez, Victor, 275–6 soccer studies, 9, 16 Sánchez López, Elizabeth, 198 social contract, 168–9, 175 Santa Cruz, Eduardo, 30 socialism, 143, 150, 154 Santa Fe (team), 95 sociology, 14, 133, 137n1, 272–3 Santamaría, Juan, 78 sociology of sport, 8–11, 29, 131 Santamaría Gómez, Arturo, 10, 280 Solís, Luis Guillermo, 82 Santander League of Disabled , 35, 209, 240, 241 Athletes, 174 2010 World Cup in, 20, 32, 52, Santiago de Cuba (team), 149 109, 112–13, 122 INDEX 305

Souza, Jessé, 113 tennis, 11, 47, 170, 173 Spain, 73, 83n3, 96, 143, 148, 250 Argentine tennis players, 22, Spinetta, Luis Alberto, 236–7, 227–46 245–6 See also individual athletes, Sport Cataginés Club, 69 organizations, and tournaments sports activism, 8 Tévez, Carlos, 36 sports media studies, 9, 11 Thoburn, Nicholas, 262 sports studies, 3, 8–12, 20, 228, Thomas, Isiah, 252 249 Thurner, Mark, 202, 219–20 soccer studies, 9, 16 Tiant, Luis, Jr., 142, 153–6 Spottiswoode, Roger Tiant, Luis “Lefty,” Sr., 153–4 Under Fire, 3 Title IX, 195, 272 Springboks (team), 35 Toledo, Alejandro, 182 Spurs (team), 251 Torres, Ana María, 182, 187–94, Stern, David, 258 199 Suburban Federation of Tour de France, 91–2, 100 Football, 49 track and field, 11, 85, 92, 185, Sugden, John, 182 270 sumo , 2 transnationalism, 2, 19, 20–1, 167, Superbowl, 235, 244 279 surfing, 21, 201–21 in sports, 18, 142, 147–53, See also individual organizations 155–8, 227–46 and tournaments in sports studies, 10–12 swimming, 21, 78, 164–70, 173, Trembembe (team), 48 175–7, 185, 203 El Tri Femenil (team), 52 Switzerland, 76 Trinidad and Tobago, 192–3 , 2 Under Fire, 3 taekwando, 2, 185, 188 United Arab Emirates, 38 Tarica, Estelle, 213–15 , 4–5, 211 Taubman, Philip, 236–8 See also England; Great Britain; Taylor, Charles, 116 Scotland Taylor, Chris, 98 United Self-Defense Forces of television, 32, 69, 195 Colombia (AUC), 93 coverage of baseball, 141–2 United States, 1, 86, 98–9, 195 coverage of boxing, 90, 1994 World Cup in, 121 187–8, 196 baseball in, 2–3, 6–7, 20–1, coverage of cycling, 93, 141–4, 148, 150, 153–8 102n5, 102n6 basketball in, 2, 21, 249–66 coverage of football, 50, 74, boxing in, 182, 184, 187 76–7, 79, 83n1, 109–23, 111 football (American) in, 2, 228, coverage of Paralympics, 169–71, 243–4, 254, 270–3, 276, 173, 175 280–3 coverage of tennis, 228, 230, football (association) in, 21–2, 234–5, 244 52–3, 59, 269–87 regulation of, 40–2 in sports studies, 9–12, 16 306 INDEX

United States—Continued Wade, Peter, 102n1 surfing in, 21, 202–4, 208–13, Wallace, Tim, 273–4, 278 215, 217–19, 221n8 Warshaw, Matt, 213, 221n3 tennis in, 22, 227–46 Wartena, Heather, 60 US imperialism, 3, 5–8, 15, , 203 211, 214 Wendell, Susan, 172, 175 See also football (American) Wenner, Lawrence, 9 United States Tennis Association, Whannel, Garry, 9 240 whiteness, 218 Urcía, Juninho, 205, 214 in Brazilian racialization Uruguay, 4, 10, 37, 48, 50, 73, schemes, 15 81–2, 95–6, 184, 239 in Colombian racialization Uruguayan Football Association, 4 schemes, 88, 90–1, 102n1 US Open, 234–5, 238, 240–3, 246 in surfing culture, 205, USSR, 144, 242 207–8, 213 Uzdi, Erminda, 47 in US racialization schemes, 21–2, 228–9, 256–9, 266, Valdez, Rodrigo “Rocky,” 86, 90–1 271–2, 278–81, 283–7 Valentino, Rudolph, 230–1 Whyte, Susan Reynolds, 169 , Getúlio, 49, 57, 126–7, 136 Wilson, Jason, 263 Vázquez, Susana “Toluquita,” 190 Wilson, Steve, 279, 284–6 Vélez, Fernando Araújo, 10 Wimbledon, 234 Venezuela, 5–6, 33, 50, 81, 86, 88 Women’s World Championship, See also Afro-Venezuelans 45, 50–1 Vidal, Claudina, 50 Women’s World Cup (football), Videla, Jorge, 240–1 19, 47 Viet Nam War, 230–3 1991 China World Cup, 54 Vigil, Sergio Cachito, 34 1995 Sweden World Cup, 51 Vila Hilda Futebol Club (team), 49 1999 United States World Vilas, Acdel, 232 Cup, 53 Vilas, Guillermo, 22, 227–46 2008 Under-17 Villanueva, Luis “Kid Azteca,” 184 World Cup, 53 Villarán, Gabriel, 201, 210, 215, 2010 Under-20 Germany World 219, 221n4 Cup, 53 Villarán, Susana, 221n4 2011 Germany World Cup, 53–4 Vilodre Goellner, Silva, 58 2012 Under-17 Azerbaijan , Roberto, 240 World Cup, 53 Vives, Carlos, 89 Wood, David, 205, 213 viveza criolla, 263–4 World Amateur Championship, 6 Volkswagen, 218 World Boxing Council (WBC), 90 , 10, 40, 61, 134, 221n2 World Champion Tour (WCT), Vuelta, 91–4, 100, 102n8 201, 215–16 World Cup (football), 1, 16, 19, 43, Wacquant, Loïc, 190, 211 67, 109–13, 120, 169, 173, Wade, Dwyane, 251–2 202, 217 INDEX 307

1938 France World Cup, 110 2014 Brazil World Cup, 82–3 1970 Mexico World Cup, 129 World Cup (rugby) 1978 Argentina World Cup, 31, 2007 France World Cup, 35 227, 240 World Deaf Games, 169 1979 Under-20 Japan World (WSL), 221n1 Cup, 36 World Surfing Reserve 1990 Italy World Cup, 73, 75–6, 80 (WSR), 213 1994 United States World Cup, World War II, 209, 254–6 52, 80, 99, 121 1998 France World Cup, 54 Yankees (team), 152 2002 Korea-Japan World Cup, YMCA, 183 29, 40, 76–80, 82, 83n1 Yugoslavia, 250–1 2006 Germany World Cup, 32–3, 36, 40, 163 Zamora, Rubén A., 182–3 2010 South Africa World Cup, Zeiler, Thomas, 11 20, 32, 37–8, 52, 109, Zeledón José María, 70 112–13, 122 Zurita, Juan, 184