October 2003 Cainozoic Research, 2(l-2)(2002), pp. 79-85,
from A new Pliocene cancrid crab Oelegem,
province of Antwerpen (NW Belgium)
² & ³ van Bakel John+W.M. René+H.B. Fraaije Barry+W.M. ¹, Jagt
1 Schepenhoek 235, NL-5403 GB Uden, the Netherlands; e-mail: [email protected]
2 Natuurhistorisch Museum Maastricht, de Bosquetplein 6, NL-62II KJ Maastricht, the Netherlands;
e-mail:john.jagt@maastricht. nl
3 Oertijdmuseum de Groene Poort, Bosscheweg 80, NL-5283 WB Boxtel, the Netherlands; e-mail: [email protected]
Received 12 October 2002; revised version accepted 28 February 2003
in the A new cancridcrab. Cancer vancalsleri n. sp., preserved apartially decalcifiedconcretionary nodule, is described from Lower/Middle
PlioceneofOelegem, province ofAntwerpen(NW Belgium), and compared with fossil and extant congeners (C. parvidens from Liessel,
and C. North Sea In F.P. associated molluscan Noord-Brabant, the Netherlands, pagurus, and Atlantic). an Appendix(by Wesselingh), the of the nodules. faunules are discussed in anattempt to determine the stratigraphic provenance concretionary
KEY WORDS: Crustacea, Decapoda, Cancridae, Belgium, Pliocene, new species.
Introduction from Lower Pleistocene sequences penetrated in boreholes
at Dordrecht, Dubbeldam-Prinsenheuvel, Dongen and
Recent fieldwork in the province of Antwerpen (NW Roosendaal, and C. deshayesii (A. Milne-Edwards, 1862)
Belgium), and in the Kallo area in particular, has shown from correlative levels at Schouwen. The latter species was
decapod crustacean remains in Pliocene strata as exposed in also recorded by Holthuis from the Miocene ofWinterswijk-
Stemerdink the Peel district temporary outcrops to be fairly common locally. However, (Gelderland), (Noord-Brabant,
work these faunules is The and in the Netherlands. Various previous systematic on scant. Limburg) Beringe (Limburg)
most diverse assemblage known to date is from the Oorderen authors (eg., Glaessner, 1929; Bonfiglio & Donadeo, 1982)
have considered C. be with C. Member (Lillo Formation; van Bakel et al., 2000); this deshayesii to synonymous
cancrid Cancer cf. 1758 sismondai von 1843, which is a distributed comprises two taxa. pagurus Linne, Meyer, widely
and Cancer n. sp. The latter species, reminiscent ofthe extant species in the Middle Pliocene of the Mediterranean
C. borealis Stimpson, 1859, will be describedelsewhere (van (Beschin & Santi, 1997). Garassino & Fomaciari (2000)
Bakel et al. in press). extended its stratigraphic into the Lower Pleistocene, , range
far the fossil cancrid crab to and out that the status of the extant C. bellianus As as we are aware, only pointed
have been described from NW Belgium is Tasadia (eastern Atlantic Ocean) shouldbe reassessed in the light of
carniolica (Bittner, 1884), which turned out to be fairly this range extension of C. sismondai. However, the latter
Ramsel. In re-evaluation of the has been transferred the common at a recent species recently to genus
Cancridae, Schweitzer & Feldmann (2000) placed the Lobocarcinus Reuss, 1857 by Schweitzer & Feldmann
Lobocarcininae This matter will be addressed in detail monospecific genus Tasadia in the subfamily (2000). more
Beurlen, 1930. The reworked phosphoritic concretions which elsewhere (van Bakel et al, in press).
Pliocene of Cancer yielded T. carniolica and an associated calappid, Mursia In the present paper a new species IS
lienharti(Bachmayer, 1962), are ofMiocene(‘Hemmoorian- described from a temporary outcrop at Oelegem.
latest Oxlundian’=Langhian, see Janssen, 2001) age. Muller Comparisons are made with theclose relatives, the Miocene
(in Janssen and Muller, 1984) noted that these two species C. parvidens Collins & Fraaye, 1991, and the Pliocene-
are also known from ‘Badenian’ strata (= Langhian and early Recent C. pagurus.
ofthe central Serravallian; see Harzhauseret al, 2002, fig. 1)
Paratethys.
named from That no cancrids have yet been formally Locality and stratigraphy
Pliocene strata in NW Belgium is surprising, especially since
The of the that has the from coeval deposits on neighbouring Dutch territory, set nodules, including one yielded
Holthuis 1, illustrated Cancer ofCancer vancalsterin. were collected in (1949, pi. figs 2-9) pagurus type specimen sp., -80-
vancalsteri Lower/Middle Pliocene Figure 1. Cancer n. sp., holotype (NHMM 2000 108), (Kattendijk Formation equivalents), temporary
outcrop south of Oelegem (Broechem,province ofAntwerpen,NW Belgium), in frontal (1), dorsal (2) and right lateral (3) views; scale
bar equals 10 mm (photographsby W. Miseur; specimen coated with ammonium chloride prior to photography). -81 -
2. Cancer vancalsterin. 2000 1. frontal Figure sp., holotype (NHMM 108), as Figure Details of carapace region (1) and dorsal view of
bars 10 R.W. carapace (2, unwhitened); scale equal mm (photographs by Dortangs). -82 -
Roland Meuris and 1979 by Frans Van Calster from a Section HeterotremataGuinot, 1977
for which Frederik Mollen Cancridae temporary outcrop, (pers. comm., Family Latreille, 1802
October 2002) supplied the following data. South of Subfamily CancrinaeLatreille, 1802
in Oelegem, the municipality of Broechem (Lambert co- Genus Cancer Linne, 1758
ordinates, x - 166.60, y - 210.10), a new water reservoir of
the Waterwerken was constructed — Cancer 1758, 627, Antwerpse (AWW) Type species pagurus Linne, p. by between September 1975 and September 1982. During subsequent designation ofLatreille (1810).
construction, Pliocene strata were temporarily exposed, and
collectionefforts concentratedon fossiliferous nodules ofthe
type described in the present note. Cancer vancalsteri n. sp.
Marquet (1980, fig. 2) supplied two sections, presented
faunal lists (molluscs), and interpreted the stratigraphy ofthe Figures 1,2, 3/1
section exposed. Although not recorded at the time of
collection, the nodules described in the present note appear Type — Holotype, and sole specimen known, is NHMM
to have from level ‘b’ in originated Marquet’s (1980, p. 59, 2000 108.
fig. 2A) section A. This is a 0.1 m thick intervalof gravel and
grey sand, with sandstone nodules and phosphoritic Diagnosis — Large-sized cancrid, carapace subovate in
concretions which occasionally contain fossils, as well as outline, wider than long, marginal lobes subtruncate to
some bones, in part articulated, isolated lingulid brachiopods quadrate, front adorned with five well-differentiated teeth,
and sporadic ‘ghosts’ of large bivalves (Arctica islandica). inner orbitalteeth sharp, triangular, carapace regions not well
The boundary between this level and the underlying level ‘a’ defined.
is undulating, and coarse elements are often concentratedin
— pockets. Most ofthe bones collected here originate from the Derivation of name Named after Frans Van Calster
gravelly level. (Hallaar, Fleist-op-den-Berg, Belgium), who collected the
table considered this Marquet (1980, p. 61, 2) gravel specimen and entrusted it to us for description.
(‘basisgrind’) to represent the base of the Kattendijk
Formation, mainly on selachian and molluscan evidence; it Description — Carapace large, transversely broadly oval,
also containsremanie elements from the of maximum probably underlying length approximately 60% carapace width,
glauconitic coarse sands, which appear correlative with the which is situated at the eighth anterolateral lobe; tumid in
Member. level Deume From ‘b’, Marquet (1980, p. 63) longitudinal and transverse sections with vaulted median
recorded the following bivalve and gastropod species portion and flattened borders.
here; taxa in common are indicatedwith Fronto-orbital border 22% oftotal width. Orbits (compare Appendix carapace
an asterisk): small, elliptical, slightly directed outwardly and indented.
Supraorbital margins with two deep, closed fissures; inner
fissure at deepest point oforbits; outer one proximal to outer
Glycymeris glycymeris, Chlamys sp., Glossus humanus*, orbital comers, fissures axially strongly convergent. Front
Acanthocardia cf. tuberculata*, Laevicardiumparkinsoni. bears five teeth, inclusive of innerorbital teeth; innerthree
Angulus sp., Arctica islandica*. Pygocardia r. rustica, cf. distinctly separated by deep, bluntly V-shaped emarginations
Callista chione*, Cyrtodaria angusta*, Panopea faujasi, from sharply triangular inner orbital teeth which are not
Thracia sp., Natica multipunctata. Galeodea bicatenata, projected beyond the outer orbital angles. Submedian teeth
Hinia lamberti* and Conus reticosa*, Scaphella dujardini. bluntly rounded, mediantooth sharper than submedianones,
slightly projecting, separated from adjacent pair by deep V-
Although there still are uncertainties, in particular on the shaped incisions. Orbital margin and inner orbital teeth
lower boundary of this unit, the larger portion of the upraised.
Kattendijk Formation appears to be of Early Pliocene Anterolateral margins gently rounded towards maximum
(Zanclean) age (see Louwye & Laga, 1998; Vandenberghe carapace width from outer orbital comers, bearing nine
et al, 1998; Louwye et al, 1999; Buffel et al, 2001). The marginal teeth including outer orbital tooth. Anterolateral
molluscan fauna contained in the nodules (see Appendix) teeth subtruncate to quadrate, becoming noded posteriorly,
suggests an Early to MiddlePliocene age. near-equal in width, separated from each other by deep,
closed, axially directed fissures. Posterolateral margins
posteriorly concave, convergent, with distinct, smooth rim;
Systematic description anteriorly bearing two less differentiated lobes; posterior
margin not well preserved.
Abbreviations— The following abbreviations are used in the Protogastric lobes longitudinally ovate, long, bounding text to denotethe repositories ofspecimens: the narrow, weakly differentiated anterior mesogastric
MAB Oertijdmuseum de Groene Poort, Boxtel process, and separated from hepatic regions by broad,
(formerly Museum de ‘Ammonietenhoeve’); shallow depressions. Mesogastric region broadened
NHMM Museum Natuurhistorisch Maastricht. posteriorly, merging into median elevation of carapace. -83 -
Posterior lateralsides of and anterior lateral Extant C. urogastric region pagurus (see Adema, 1991) ranges from the sides of cardiac region concave, fused, forming distinct, tidal zone to depths of 300 metres, prefers sandy and/or curved paired longitudinally depressions. rocky bottoms, and is sensitive to low temperatures. The Branchial regions vaulted, undifferentiated, with convex species is carnivorous, mainly active at night and feeds in median Dorsal margin adjacent to carapace regions. surface particular on molluscs and echinoderms. A comparable mode ofthe covered with small to minute carapace numerous pits. oflife may be assumed for the new species.
Acknowledgements
For donationof material, preparation ofphotographs, access
to collections of fossil and extant decapod crustacean taxa
and critical assessment of an earlier typescript, we thank F.
Van Calster (Hallaar), R. Meuris (Beerzel), F. Mollen
(Berlaar), R.W. Dortangs (Amstenrade), Dr C.H.J.M.
Fransen (Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum/Naturalis,
Leiden), Dr Annie V. Dhondt and W. Miseur (Koninklijk
Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen, Brussel), Dr
Carrie Schweitzer (Kent State University, Kent, Ohio) and
of features of: Figure 3. Comparison frontal carapace Dr H. Karasawa (Mizunami Fossil Museum, Mizunami).
1 - Cancer vancalsteri NHMM n. sp. (holotype, 2000 108)
2 - 1758 C.pagurus Linne, (Recent)
3 - C. parvidens Collins &Fraaye, 1991 MAB k.0025). (holotype, APPENDIX
(by Frank P. Wesselingh; adapted from Wesselingh, 2002).
Remarks — In overall carapace outline, placement of orbitofrontal lobesand and orbitoffontalwidth The nodule the length/width containing type specimen of C. vancalsteri n. ratios, C. vancalsteri n. well with both the is sp. compares (? sp. part of a set of concretions collected at Oelegem by Pliocene-Recent Middle) C. pagurus (see Nations, 1975, p. Roland Meuris (Beerzel) and Frans Van Calster (Hallaar) in and the 46, figs 8,41-1,41-2; Adema, 1991, fig. 53) (? Late) 1979, now contained in the collections of the Miocene C. parvidens Collins & Fraaye, 1991 (p. 3, pi. 1), Natuurhistorisch Museum Maastricht(NHMM). Comparable and be included in the C. may parvidens-C. pagurus lineage. material, collected from the construction pit for the On frontal characters of the C. vancalsteri carapace, n. 'Spaarbekken', is deposited at the Nationaal Natuurhistorisch be sp. may immediately distinguished from C. parvidens Museum, Leiden(ROM, leg. J. De Ceuster). in the absence of diminutive (Figure 3/3) a median lobe, and Material collectedby Meuris and Van Calster comprises from C. in a median molluscan pagurus (Figure 3/2) showing sharper eight species as well as a bulla (NHMM 2002 frontal lobe separated distinctly from its adjacent pair by 153) and two vertebrae of cetaceans (NHMM 2002 151, incisions. Cancer vancalsteri has much deep V-shaped n. sp. 2002 152) and an indeterminateselachian vertebra (NHMM sharper inner orbitalteeth and tumid more protogastric lobes 2002 154). In the RGM collection an additional four than seen in either C. or C. In molluscan have been inclusive parvidens pagurus. addition, species recognised, ofa large its surface is covered with rather ofthe bivalve Acanthocardia. Shells carapace widely spaced species are preserved as small to minutepits, not with closely spaced tubercles as in internal and external moulds in dark grey to brownish C. pagurus. phosphoritic sandstone concretions, 5 to 10 cm in overall
Both C.i and C. have parvidens pagurus a more convex size. Molluscan species identified are as follows: anterolateralmargin, evenly inflated anteriorly, which in C. vancalsteri lacks. The front in the is n. sp. new species more 1- Acanthocardiaaff. aculeata (Linne, 1758) (RGM: 1/1 + than that of C. and C. projected anteriorly pagurus parvidens 5/2 casts, unregistered; NHMM 2002 150a,b) (Figure 3). This represents one of the few records ofthis genus from With the record of C. vancalsteri the present n. sp., the Pliocene ofthe North Sea Basin; shell relatively tall number of(? Late) Miocene to Middle Pliocene of species (height 52-53 mm, length 50-54 mm), with about 14 to this from NW and the SE Netherlands genus Belgium comes 15 well-defined, evenly spaced ribs, which are about 1.5 to four. Two of these, C. parvidens and the times wider than the Ribs flat and present species, interspaces. are straight from nodules and originate concretionary for that reason are sided, bearing regularly spaced, rather robust knobs at
less well constrained Cancer Posterior well comparatively stratigraphically. centre. margin defined, separated by a cf. and Cancer both pagurus n. sp., from the LilloFormation rounded ridge from the remainder ofshell, with about 9 will be described elsewhere (Pliocene, Piacenzian) (van low and thin ribs with comparatively large, rounded Bakel in For these et al, press). taxa, stratigraphic ranges, knobs.
and possible immigration events phylogenetic relationships Although in outline resembling A. paucicostatum needto be worked out in detail as fieldwork continues. (G.B. Sowerby, 1839) from the Pliocene of the -84-
Mediterranean, the structure ofthe ribs appears to differ. of post-Miocene age, whereas Hinia reticosa is a definite
These specimens most closely resemble A. aculeata, an indicator ofPliocene. The occurrence of articulatedbivalves,
from which differ extant species, they in having more ribs albeit slightly displaced, together with common barnacle
12 A. tuberculata has encrustation low bottom (c. vs 14-15); (Linne, 1758) more suggests a depositional rate, a sandy
robust ribs of variable strength than the Oelegem substrate and some bioturbation. Jan-Johan ter Poorten is
specimen. thanked for his help in tackling material ofAcanthocardia in
2- Cardiidae indet. (RGM: 2 casts, unregistered) this faunule.
Large (height c. 50 mm) cardiidwith numerous, regular,
well-defined small ribs; somewhat resembling
Dinocardiumparkinsoni (J. Sowerby, 1814). References 3- Spisula sp. indet. (RGM: 14/2, casts in a single piece of
matrix, unregistered) Adema, J.P.H.M. 1991. De krabben van Nederland en Belgie 4- Angulus cf. benedeni(Nyst & Westendorp, 1839) (RGM: xii 244 2 Leiden (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura), + pp., pis. 1/2 cast, unregistered; NHMM 2002 146a, b) (Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum). A Pliocene from NW typically species Europe. Bachmayer, F. 1962. Die Calappiden (Crustacea, Decapoda) aus 5- Arctica islandica (Linne, 1767) (RGM: 1/1, 2/2, den tortonischen Ablagerungendes Wiener Beckens. Annalen
unregistered; NHMM 2002 147, internalmould) des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien 65, 39-46, pis 1-3.
Bakel, B.W.M, van, Jagt, J.W.M. & Fraaye, R.H.B. 2000. Pliocene NHMM 2002 147 is a single pair, with slightly dislocated 1st valves of decapod crustaceans from Kallo (northwest Belgium), In: and numerous external casts barnacles; species Workshop on Mesozoic and Tertiary decapod crustaceans, ranging from the ?Ofigocene to Recent in the North Sea Montecchio Maggiore (Vicenza), 6-8 October 2000. Studi e Basin. Ricerche, Associazione Amici del Museo-Museo civico 'G. 6- Glossus humanus (Linne, 1758) (NHMM 2002 149, Zannato', Montecchio Maggiore (Vicenza), 73-74. internal mould) Bakel, R.H.B. & E. in Jagt, Fraaije, Wille, press. The lack of carina the anterodorsal a along margin Piacenzian (Pliocene) decapod crustacean faunules from precludes confusion with the Miocene G. lunulatus northwest Belgium. Bulletinofthe Mizunami Fossil Museum
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A single, specifically indeterminate, internal mouldand Pliocene sediments in 4 boreholes in the Tumhout area (North-
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