u.s./ JOINT 'mN

April 10, 1986

Prepared for the Advisors to the U.S./Canada Negotiations on .River salmon Issues

000605 TABLE OF CONTENTS

~ I. OO'Rax.JCI'ION. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1 II. STCx:K IDENl'IFICATICN S'IUDIES•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 1 ~ectrom,oresis •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 1 Fall Chl.lll salmon, 1984-85...... 1 Accuracy, Precison and Sampling Discussion •••••••••••••••••• 3 Southern British Colunbia Chlltl salmon••••••••••••••••••••••• 3 Western ...... 3 Yukon River Chinook SalIOC>n•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 4 ScgJ.e Patterns Analysis...... 4 Yukon River Chinook Salmon•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 4 Yukon River Fall •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 4 Nuclear and Mitochonarial INA...... s Chinook Salmon Parasites••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 5 Fall Chgn Salmon Ta~••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 6

I I I • S'I'CX::K S'mIDS. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 6 Fal,1 Clllllll SaJ.npn. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • .. • • • • • • • • • • • • 6 Chin.oak Sal.upn•••••••• •-. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 7 Escapenent Targets••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 8 rv. OIHER INFORMA.TION EXCli11ll;ED••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 8 V. WORK PLANS FOR 1986 ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 8 Fall Chum Salmon stock Identification•••••••••••••••••••••••••• 8 Chinook Sal.men Stock Iaentifica..ti.Qll•••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 9 Qtber Stock Identification Studies...... 9 Ha"7'est [)QCl.D'Qentation. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 9 stock Assessnent. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • .. • • 9 Hatchei:y Production•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 10

000606 The Yukon River Salmon US/canada Joint Technical Committee (JTC) met in Anchorage March 11-13, 1986, as requested by the negotiators fran each country at the January negotiations. Purpose of the meeting was to exchange information on salmon stock identification methodologies and results, stock status, and rebuilding strategies, methods of determining escapement obje~ives, and woz:;k plans for the 1986 season. In attendance were:

ADf&G .l1miS ml> Regnart (Cochair) Marshall Henderson (Cochair) Andersen Simmons Beacham Arvey Wilmot ' Harrison Brannian Jolmston Buklis Zealand Geiger Marshall .m Wilcock Hoffman Purpose of this brief report is to provide members of the negotiating delegations to the April US/Canada Yukon River Salmon Negotiations with an overview of the discussions held by the JTC at their March meeting. Background information is provided where necessary ·to clarify technical methods or results. II. SlO(l{ IDENTIFICATIOO" sroDIES Electr®oresis Electrophoresis is a method of identifying salmon stocks based on genetic differences in tissue proteins. Several tissues (usually muscle, liver, heart, and eye) are sampled fran fish of known origin (i.e. fran the spawning grotnds). Tissues are imnediately frozen and stored frozen until preparation for laboratory analysis. Proteins are extracted fran each tissue in the lab and placed on gel plates. An electric charge applied to the gel results in variable migration rates and banding patterns by the proteins, which can be measured to determine genotypic composition of the stocks. The protein characteristics for each of the stocks are ccmpared to determine the level of differentiation among stocks. If individual stocks or stock groupings demonstrate separability, then samples of mixed stocks are collected, processed, and conpared to the knCMn stock protein standards. Yukon River Fall Chum Salmon, 1984-1985:

This methodology was applied to Yukon River fall chum salmon by Terry Beacham (DFO) in 1984 and 1985. Samples were collected from the Fishing Branch, Kluane, and mainstem Yukon River (Qmada) spawning areas in 1984. Additional samples from these areas and fran the Toklat, Delta, Sheenjek, Koidern, am spawning areas were collected in 1985. Mixed stock fishery samples were collected at Ercmonak, Dawson, and Old Crow in 1985. Total sample sizes (pooled for both years) were as follows:

Canada Alaska Kluane River 213 (Tanana) 146

-1- 000607 Mainstern Yukon 244 Toklat River (Tanana) 120 Fishing Branch 244 150 Koidern River 100 Ehmonak Test Fish 299 Teslin River 90 Dawson C.Onmercial 468 Old Crow Indian Food Fishery 90

Seven loci, or protein genetic locations, demonstrated enough 0 between stock variability 0 to permit allocation of mixed stock samples. Genotypic frequencies of Kluane and Koidern samples were very similar to each other, as were Fishing Branch River and Old Crow fishery samples. Each of these pairs of samples was :µ>0led to focn single standards. Toklat and Delta River stocks were similar to each other, but distinct from Sheenjek River and Yukon Territory· stocks. Sheenjek River samples were genetically very similar to the IQ.uane sample, and may be a source of bias in catch allocations. Bias is also present w~n more than 50% of a mixed stock fishery sample is of US origin.

The Emnonak test fishing sample was divided into an early (July 28 to 31) , middle (August 7 to 11) , and late (August 20) period. Estimated Alaskan and canadian stock contribution for each of these periods, with approximate 90% confidence intervals, are as follows: Sample Alaska canadian Period Origin 90% CI Origin 90% CI 7/28-7/31 30.2% 10.4% to 50.0% 69.8% 50.0% to 89.6% 8/7-8/11 33.2% 11.9% to 54.5% 66.8% 45 .5% to 88 .1% 8/20 53.4% 18.6% to 88 .2% 46.6% 11.8% to 81.4% Within the Alaskan stock grouping, the Delta River stock was predominant in the early period, Toklat in the middle period, and Toklat and Sheenjek in the late period. Within the canadian stock grouping, Kluane and mainstem Yukon River were predominant in the early and middle periods, while Kluane arrl Fishing Branch were predominant in the late period. Analysis of the Dawson fishery sample indicated that Kluane and Koidern are major contributing stocks throughout the run. '!he mainstem stock was in low proportion in mid- to late September. The Teslin River stock is only a minor contributor. Study results are due to be published by August 1986. Biologists fran ADF&G expressed some doubt about the stock timing results for the Ehmonak test fishery sample. Based on tagging study results in District 4, and catch and escapement timing in various portions of the drainage, it is thought that Porcupine and u:wer Yukon drainage stocks enter the Yukon River first, followed by Tanana drainage stocks. Small sample size in the electroI:i'loretic feasibility study, omission of sane major spawning stocks in the analysis, and genetic similarities between Sheenjek River and Canadian stocks are possible sources of error.

One potential advantage of the electrophoretic method over some other methods of stock identification is that stock standard characteristics may be relatively constant form year to year. As a result, escapement samples collected each year may be pooled with previous samples to establish large historical stock standards. Once substantial samples of each stock have been

-2- 000608 accumulated, additional escapement sampling would only be necessary on an infrequent basis to monitor the stability of the stock genotype. This issue was discussed extensively, and Scott Marshall recoomends that this hypothesis be tested for Yukon River fall chum salmon. Accuracy, Precision, and sampling Discussion: Accuracy and precision of electrophoretic stock canposition estimates, and resulting sample size requirements, were discussed by the JTC at some length. Accuracy is defined as the closeness of a sample estimate to the true value (deteIInined from simulations and is a measure of how "good" the teclmique is), while precision is the variance around the p:>int estimate. Terry Beacham felt that accuracy of the Yukon River fall chum salmon electrophoretic study was good, but that precisioo. was low. Scott Marshall expressed concern over the poor level of precision and the need for further testing of several assumptioo.s. Several suggestions were made for future Yukon River fall chum salmon electrophoresis studies. Only muscle, liver, and heart tissues need to be sampled, since eye tissue proteins did not provide any significant stock separability. Spawning :populations sampled in 1984 and 1985 should once again be sampled in 1986 to improve the stock standards data base. In addition, other major spawning :populations should be sampled. The , , and slough areas of the near the Delta River confluence in Alaska were mentioned specifically. Scott Marshall recommends that accuracy and precision of using small sample sizes (100 to 150 fish) to describe a stock standard or a single time period in a mixed stock fishery should be tested. This can be accomplished by collecting a large sample (2,000 fish) from a single stock in a single year, and comparing small subsample statistics to those of the larger sample. southern British Colllllbia Olum Salmon: Terry Beacham reviewed results of an operational chum salmon electrophoretic stock identification program in place in southern . '1he study was conducted due to concern over p:>ssible overharvest of chums in a mixed stock fishery. The method was able to identify Fraser River stock migration routes, and fishing districts were redefined to protect the Fraser stocks. Robin Harrison re:ported that managers now use electrophoretic results from catch samples on an in-season basis to make regulatory decisions. Turnaromd time for lab processing and data analysis is about 36 to 48 hours from the time of sampling. Laboratory processing is done by a contractor for about $3 (US) per sample. Other costs associated with this program including acquisition and shipment of samples in addition to staff time to analyze and re:port results were not available. Western Alaska Olinook Salmon:

Dr. Anthony Gharret, a professor at the University of Alaska, Juneau, is in the process of preparing a re:port on a chinook salmon electrophoretic survey he conducted of several Western Alaska fisheries in 1982. Adult fish were sampled lran the Kuskokwim, Yukon, and areas, and juveniles were collected from a few selected tributaries. Preliminary results indicate that Yukon River chinook as a group were not very distinct from the other Western

-3- 000609 Alaska samples, but that within the Yukon River sample sane stock differences are apparent. Tanana drainage samples were separable fran the other Yukon drainage stocks. Yukon River Clli.mok Salmon: Terry Beacham is proposing an electrophoresis feasibility study on Yukon River chinook salmon for 1986. samples will be collected form selected spawning areas in the Canadian portion of the Drainage, and separability determined. There was discussion of possible ADF&G sampling of Alaskan stocks for electrophoretic analysis, but no specific camnitments were made. Sca.le Patterns Ana)3sis Yukon River Ori.wok Salmon: Scale patterns analysis (SPA) has been used to identify stock groupings of chinook salmon in mixed stock Yukon River catches since 1980. '!he feasibility of the application was established in 1980 and 1981, and harvests for the entire drainage have been allocated to lower, middle, and upper river region of orgin on a p>st-season basis since 1982. Methods and results through 1984 have been presented to the JTC and negotiating delegations on several previous occasions. The discussion at this meeting foa.ised on results for 1985. Methods of data collection and analysis for 1985 were the same as those used in 1984. The final report for 1985 is still in preparation. Preliminary results indicate that approximately 50% of total drainage chinook salmon harvest (comnercial and subsistence, Alaska and Canada combined) was of. Alaskan origin fish, and 50% was of Canadian origin. This is similar to results for the 1983 study. Estimated conq;X>sition of total drainage chinook salmon harvest was 38% Alaskan and 62% canadian origin in 1982, while it was 65% Alaskan and 35% Canadian origin in 1984 • Yukon River Fall Clum salmon: The feasibility of separating Yukon River fall chum salmon stocks using SPA has been investigated by ADF&G to a limited extent. Snail numbers of spawning ground samples collected from the Anvik, Sheenjek, and Toklat Rivers in 197 4 were analyzed, as were samples collected fran the Sheenjek, Toklat, and Delta Rivers in 1976, and the Sheenjek, Toklat, Delta, and Fishing Branch Rivers in 1977. Age specific models were constructed using 3 and 4 year old fish. Scale characters were not measured beyond the second marine annulus due to scale reabsorption. Results indicate that Anvik River sununer chum salmon are easily distinguished from Sheenjek and Toklat River fall chums. Sheenjek, Toklat, and Delta River samples in 1976 had a 3-way self-classification accuracy of 75.6%, which is comparable to the level achieved in operational SPA programs in other fisheries. Classification accuracies were lower for the 1974 and 1977 samples. Snail sample sizes and inaccurate age determination are probable sources of error. No attempt has been made to allocate mixed stock catch samples. Scale samples collected from fall chum salmon spawning stocks are often

-4- 000610 difficult to accurately age due to variable erosion of the scale margin. Scale samples from lower river catches are not eroded, and they show a wide natural range in the amount of scale growth beyond the last annulus. Therefore, it is often not i;:ossible to accurately estimate whether or not an eroded spawning ground scale sample has lost the last annulus. Length frequencies are not useful as a means of estimating age canposition due to substantial size overlap between age classes. ADF&G has investigated alternative ageing methods on a limited basis using scales, otoliths, and vertebra. Results indicate that between reader variability was high for otoliths, low and similar for scales and vertebra. Time required for preparation and reading was greatest for vertebra, but 99% of the samples were ageable. Ageability was lower for scales and otoliths. Vertebra ages indicated that 21% of the scales had reabsorbed the last annulus. Vertebra appear to be the most accurate ageing method of those investigated for fall chl!ll salmon escapement samples. A correction factor for scale ageing based on vertebra cannot be determined due to the variability of scale reabsorption. These preliminary SPA and ageing investigations indicate that SPA has potential for identification of Yukon River fall chum salmon stocks. Precision and accuracy can be improved ~ collecting larger samples for stock standards (250 fish per age class and stock of interest), collecting vertebra from spawning grounds samples for positive age determination, and ag>lying more current data analysis methods than those used in the preliminary study.

N.lclear and Mitochondrial DNA The DNA molealles contained in the cell nuclel.E and mitochondria of organisms are in essence complex genetic codes that determine the physical traits of that organism. Techniques have been developed for extracting DNA f ran these structures. Applications to fisheries stock identification problems are just now being developed, although some work has been done with waterfowl p>pulation identification. An advantage of the method is that DNA genetic codes may be very stock specific as long as interbreeding between stocks (straying) does not occur. Processing of nuclear DNA samples is less expensive than electrophoresis once standards have been established. Start-up costs are relatively high due to the need for specialized laboratory . equipnent. Processing of mitochondrial DNA samples is expensive due to the need for a high speed centrifuge for the extraction process. Terry Beacham has subnitted a proposal to investigate the feasibility of using nuclear !:NA for stock identification of British Coll.llllbia chinook and in 1986. A few chinook salmon may be sampled fran the Yukon River drainage in Canada and processed in conjunction with this study. USEWS will be examining the feasibility of using mitochondrial DNA to identify stocks of Arctic char p>pulations in the Beaufort Sea in 1986. Olinook Sa1.mon Parasites

Yukon River chinook salmon stocks may be differentially infected ~ parasites on a stock specific basis, or the relative composition of the parasite population may vary among stocks. Mike Henderoon has subnitted a proposal to deteonine the feasibility of using parasitiological methods to identify the 000611 -5­ origin of chinook salmon stocks. Juvenile chinook salmon will be sampled foan several different spawning areas in the Canadian portion of the drainage in 1986. 'lb.ere was sane discussion of sampling of Alaskan populations by ADF&G but no decision was made.

Fall Omro saJ mon Tagging Sttm ADF&G has prepared funding proposals to conduct a tagging stl.Xly on fall chlml salmon in the Yukon River delta, with recoveries from upriver fisheries and esca~ments. The stuiy -would be expected to provide timing infoanation on the various stocks through the area of tagging, and qualitative assessment of results from other stock identification methods previously described. z.k>re quantitative stock composition estimates are generally not attainable from tagging studies due to unequal recovery effort for the contributing stocks. 'lher~fore, a tagging study would be a short teon stock identification method in conjunction with one or more of the other methods previously described.

III. sroa< STP:IUS Usage or definition of *cial teons in the canadian pro:i;:osal presented at the January 1986 negotiations were defined by oro staff as follows: Total Allowable Catch - total run minus escapement needs.

Optimum Productivity - the greatest level of productivity that can be maintained by a stock, this level of productivity is usually associated with a particular level of escapement.

Maximum sustained Yield - the level of harvest which can be sustained w~n stocks are maintained at optimum production levels. Depressed Stocks - stocks receiving escapements less than that required for optimum production. Rebuilding Program - refers to improving escapements of depressed Canadian spawning stocks. The terms, "optimum productivity" and "maximum sustained yield," are often used interchangeably in the

Fal J Quin Sa1mon A discussion regarding the Canadian model of fall chum salmon catch and escapenent projections (first presented in ) occurred. 'lbe c~ter model was used to demonstrate the impact, over time, of various harvest rates on fall chll1l salmon stocks which have recently been overharvested. The model presented at the January negotiations contained some incorrect assumptions and -a revised model will soon be distributed to the u. s. members of the Joint Technical Carmittee for their review. Results of Canadian research conducted in British Columbia indicate that depressed Fraser River chum salmon stocks can be rebuilt to maximize the long-term harvest under a 30-35% exploitation rate. S~ilar research in

-6­ OOOO't:2. northern B.C. suggests that those stocks are more productive and can withstand 60-65% exploitation rates. However, DFO personnel pointed out that exploitation rates for northern B.C. stocks are questionable due to possible interceptions of other stocks in the fishery and incomplete escapement docunentation. DFOwill initiate electrophoretic studies in northern B.C. during 1986 to identify origin of chun stocks harvested in the oorthern part of British Coll.lllbia. ADF&G distributed materials presented to the Alaska Board of Fisheries in November 1985 concerning est.imates of Yukon River fall chun salmon intercepted in the Unimak-Shumagin Island June fishery. This fishery targets sockeye salmon of Bristol Bay origin and only incidentally harvests western Alaska chum salmon stocks. Estimates of Yukon River fall chum salmon interceptions were based on several methods,including 1) a 1983 SPA study that identified western Alaska chum stocks fran other chum stocks in the fishery, and 2) the relative proportion of Yukon River fall chums in harvest and return of chum salmon stocks in all western Alaska terminal fisheries. Depending on the method used, it was est.imated that an average of 55,000-69,000 fall chums were annually intercepted during 1981-1985 in this fishery. The largest estimated annual interception of 84,000-109,000 fall chums occurred in 1982 when a total of 1,094,000 chums was taken in this fishery. Based on sockeye forecast error, which influences the amount of fishing time in the Unimak-Shumagin fishery, the 1986 total chun catch could have ranged between 300,000-900,000 fish, but the Board placed a 400,000 chum catch ceiling on this fishery. ADF&G plans to expand activities to monitor and biologically sample chum salmon catches in this fishery during 1986. ADF&G also distributed i:rrriver exploitation and escapement estimates for fall chums that were presented last fall to the Alaska Board of Fisheries. Results of the analysis indicated that while Yukon River fall chum salmon total returns have been variable during the past 10 years, there is no apparent declining trend in total return to date. Harvest exploitation rates, however, increased through 1984, while escapements declined during the same period. The effects of overharvest are expected to result in weak returns beginning in 1986, and continuing through 1988. In response to these data, the Board imposed severe restrictions on the Alaska conunercial fishery for 1986, reconmending that the fishery only be opened if a strong fall chun is apparent. If it aF{Jears that restriction of the camnercial fishery is not resulting in the achievement of minimum escapement requirements, then the Board has directed the ADF&G staff to restrict the subsistence fishery by anergency order. Cllirpok Salmon DFO staff presented an analysis of harvest and escapement infonnation on chinook salmon stocks which originate in Canada (Attacl'lnent 1) • Sandy Johnston (DFO) estimated exploitation rates on Canadian chinook salmon stocks by canbining Canadian origin catch estimates from SPA by ADF&G with population estimates generated through the Canadian tag recovery studies conducted downstream from Dawson. Est.imates were derived for the years 1980-1984 and results were averaged. During that period, an estimated average of 130,000 Canadia:rrorigin chinook salmon entered the Yukon River. Alaska harvest of those stocks approximated 62% and an estimated 49,000 chinooks crossed the border into Canada. Canadian conmercial and subsistence fisheries accounted

-7­ 0"061~ for an additional harvest of 19,000 fish (36% exploitation rate on fish entering Canada) and, on average, 31,000 chinooks escaped to spawn. The canbined U.S. and Canadian harvest rate is estimated to be 76.2% for the 5-year period. Preliminary data from the 1985 run indicate that the exploitation rate on Canadian-origin chinook salmon was higher than the previous 5-year average. Recorded chinook salmon escapements in Canada during 1985 were judged inadequate by Canadian and Alaskan biologists. Both Alaskan and Canadian biologists suggest that it ~s unlikely that the chinook salmon run can be sustained with exploitation approaching 80% for major stocks and it is agreed that exploitation rates need to be reduced. DFO also presented canputer projections of escapement levels at varying harvest rates assuming rates of return at 3:1 and at 4:1 adults per spawner (refer to Attachments 2 and 3). Identifying and achieving chinook salmon conservation requiranents, including stock rebuilding schedules and escapement targets, will be the focus of subsequent JTC meetings. Escapement Targets

It was agreed by both Alaskan and Canadian biologists that precise chinook and fall chum salmon escapement levels required for attainment of optimum sustained yield are not known at this time. It was suggested that the JTC develop mutually agreeable preliminary escapement targets. DFO was requested to reexamine methods used to develop the preliminary escapement target for Canadian chinook salmon listed in the 1985 Yukon River Technical Report. ADF&G distributed a summary of comparative escapement counts for various index areas.

rv. Ol'HER INroRM\TIOO EXClIANGED

ADF&G distributed several tables of final 1985 subsistence and conmercial salmon catch data while DFO presented 1985 Indian food and danestic catch totals.

ADF&G presented a discussion paper on long-term research needs. Conunents are expected at the next JTC meeting. ADF&G presented preliminary informatiai on recent INPFC negotiations with the Japanese relative to high seas salmon interceptions. Settlanent may result in substantial savings of Western Alaska chinook salmon.

V. WORK PLANS .EOR 1986

Fall Oull\ Salmon Stock. Iaentification ADF&G will attempt to obtain samples of additional Alaskan fall chum salmon spawning stocks for electro:EXioresis analysis. Targeted sampling areas include Chandalar River, Black River, upper Tanana River, and Koyukuk River. Additional samples of sane stocks (Sheenjek and Delta Rivers) sampled in 1985 will also be obtained. ADF&G will develop a plan for sampling fall chums in lower Yukon test fishing catches. DFO will process these samples and report on the results of the electrophoretic analysis.

-8- 000614 ADF&G will continue to examine the feasibility of alternative fall churn stock identification techniques using SPA and tag recovery. If additional funding becanes available, ADF&G may initiate feasibility studies using one or both methods. Cllinook Sa1mon Stock Identification

If funding is made available, ADF&G will expand its current SPA irwestigations to.include additional spawning stocks and fisheries. The feasibility of making in-season estimates of stock canposition in the lower Yukon harvests will also be examined. Fisheries Research Institute will be contracted to make estimates of the numbers of Yukon River chinook intercepted in Japanese high seas salmon fisheries. If fl.llding becanes available, DFO will initiate feasibility studies to identify chinook stocks using electrophoretic arrl parasite identification techniques. Other Stock. Iaentification Studies DFO plans to initiate a feasibility study to identify British Columbia chinook and coho salmon stocks through analysis of nuclear DNA. USEWS is conducting a similar study using mitochondria to identify Arctic char stocks. If suqcessful these techniques may be applied to Yukon River salmon stocks. HAryest DoQlIIlentation

If special funding becomes available, ADF&G will expand its survey of the subsistence salmon fishery to include all ·communities and fish camps. The accuracy of harvest estimates will be determined through canparisons with independent intensive surveys of selected conmunities. Stock As8essmeot ADF&G plans to continue all stock assessment projects operated in 1985 including three side scan sonar projects on tributacy streams, the main river sonar project at Pilot Station, aerial/foot surveys of major spawning areas, and collection of age, sex, and size data from catches and escapements throughout the drainage. DFO will continue to operate weirs to enumerate the chinook salmon escapement in the upper Big Salmon River and the fall chum escapement in the Fishing Branch River. DFO will also continue tag and recwecy studies in the Dawson area. In order to provide consistent and comparable results, ADF&G and DFO will jointly conduct studies to provide chinook salmon escapement infonnation from key Canadian spawning areas. An observer from each agency will conduct surveys fran the same aircraft. Also, ADF&G will provide all equifntent and one crew while DFO will prwide a second crew for floating Canadian streams to retrieve carcasses which provide age, sex, and size composition of escapements. In 1986 DFO will begin assuming responsibility for spawner enuneration and sampling in canadian areas foIII1erly cwered by ADF&G. USEWS will continue to condict aerial surveys in the Alaska drainage upstream of the Tanana River confluence and will concentrate efforts to obtain quantitative escapement data for selected spawning areas. USFWS will also

-9- 000615 operate a side scanning sonar project to enumerate the fall chl.lll escapement in the Chandalar River. ADF&G will provide technical assistance and some equipnent for this project. Hatcber;y Proauction DFO plans to coded wire tag (CWT) all chinook salmon releases from the Whitehorse hatchery in 1986. An est.imated 300,000-400,000 chinook salmon eggs will be taken in August, 1986 for incubation in the 500,000 egg facility. It was agreed that examination of coded wire tag application rates and costs would be undertaken by the u.s. ADF&G plans to CWT 25 ,000 chinook and 25 ,000 coho salmon releases fran the Clear Hatchery in 1986. An est.imated 25,000 chinook, 1.0 million coho, and 2.o million fall chum salmon eggs will be t.aken in 1986 for incubation at the facility.

-10- 000616 ATTACHMENT 1 BEI:DllSTHUCTICn OF BVEHHGE ( l 9BC ta 1981) . In-RIVER CHinaaK SBLmon BUD OF C:RilRDian DBIGin

...... "...... ,-­ ·...... r...... ,...... 11...... _...... ,_...... ~~··--·...... ,.~.·--··· · Ber1ng See Untted States Canada - The I Cenedtan Al eska Yukon Spewni ng Stream~ II=&.. I,,._...... _.__...... ,,_ ~...... 3 11 ..., .., ...... - t1'11 ...... , ...... , ...... ,,,.... t .,_~~ "" "" ..c.,,.,, ,,,ec.,,, Total I Escapement Escapement · 31,000 Stack 19,aaa 31,aaa spamners . 1so,aaa Harvest Rate Harvf'StRate 0.623 0.364

Catch Catch BLOOD j--...... 18.CDD

e(91( I "" ""' "" I ,,_"' ~""' I I . ,.,.,_._._,.,..,.,_.-...- ....-1-.-••W•--"""'""'""'""__l___ ,,__,... ""-·-"--l·-..:...._ ...... -~...... overall In-River Harvest Rate 1 • us Catch• canadian Catch I Total Steck

0 Calculated Values D Estimated Value D Known Values aased Upon Research Programs 000617 ATIACHMENT 2

AY'fRAGt CANADIAN YUKON RIY?:R CHINOOK r:SCAPEM!:NT PROJECTIONS AT TEN HARVEST RATES AND AN ASSUMED PRODUCTION RATE.OF@) ... M.R. so• -0- H.R. S591 2!QCOQ ·• H.R. 609& E -C· H.R. 6~­ s Z00000 • ~ HJt 1091 I ,~ocaa p • H.R. 7'91 ·X• H.R. 8091 •m 100000 ... H.R. ae• ' =ocoo 1" v v - H.R. 90" 0 ' ; . ·•· H.R. 9S" 1 2 I . _.__!...l"SO• _. Ch1nook Lift Cvclts Ct C!JCI• • ~ ".,,..) s~ooo GOAL

I .... • Whtrt ESCAPEMENT means the number of cntnaolc ..-hich escepe h1rYest and sprwn fn th1 Canadian par11on of the wtanhed. PRODUCTION RATE is defined H \he number of adu.lts produced per SPNner.

000618 12/20/55 ATTACHMENT 3

AVERAGE CANADIAN VUkON RIVER CHINOOK ESCAPEMENT PROJCCTIONS A~EALYE HARVEST RATES. AN ASSUMED PRODUCTiON · RATE O~NO AN INITIAL ESCAPEMENT or 31 000 ... M.R. 404JI

-0- H.R. ~SCJI ... H.R. 901' tOOOOO -0• K.R.=s• E 80000 .,._HR.'°" •0 ._ H.R.~W a M1000 p ·><• H.R. ~ m• '40000 .._ H.R.,,... I ~ - H.R. 80115 • 20COO ~ t • ~ ~ ... H.R. a=• i i ' 0 • - -o- H.R. 90'5 1 2 I .. 6 Othook Lift CVoln Cl cvole • 6 'il•rs) ' .. H.R. ~115 -a. ') IJ ~ - OOAL9=0C0

000619