STUDENT ETUDIAIVf 62 5 CENTS CANADA'S NEWSPAPER FOR UKRAINIAN STUDENTS

INSIDE China slory pp. 8-9 Tourist Cookbook pp. 6-7 Dissidents released p. 1 Shevchenko and God p. 4 Nukes P- 2 Entertainer p. 11 Student Activities ... pp. 12-13 Butter for the SALT accords? Five Soviet dissidents released in surprise exchange Nestor Makuch

secluded hangar at Kennedy Inter national Airport. The Soviets' initial desire for an exchange at Checkpoint Charlie, a traditional 'cloak and dagger' point on the Berlin Wall, was overruled by American- insistence on the easier exchange by airplane. The Aeroflot flight which brought the five dis- sidents to New York returned with the Soviet spies. Arrangements were also made for the dissidents' families to join them in the near future. The Soviets held their ground in some other areas, such as in refusing to release Shcharansky or Orlov. both of whom they consider too important to exchange. Once the final arrangements for the exchange were concluded, events moved quickly. On Wednes- day 25 April all five dissidents were

still in their respective labor camps. At 5:00 a.m. Friday 27 April they were marched into a room at a Moscow prison, stripped of their soviet citizenship and accompanied by twenty guards to the airport and onto the plane which brought them to New York early in the afternoon. On Saturday 28 April they ad- dressed a crowd of over 100,000 in New York's Dag Hammarskjold The released dissidents at a New York press conference. From L to R: Alexander Plaza. political impact Ginsburg, Valentyn Moroz, Georgi Vins, Mark Dymshits, and Edward Kuznetsov. Although their within the Soviet Union will most likely be decreased as a result of Five Soviet dissidents were out. on-and-oft manner by U.S. vodka at the Soviet Embassy, did but he was "a little tired of seeiny their emigration, most of the dis- released by Soviet authorities 27 National Security advisor Zbigniew Brzezinski and Dobrynin begin to four walls." He nonetheless con- sidents released do not regret April and flown to the United States Brzezinski and Soviet Ambassador concretely conclude the 27 leaving. Ginsburg admits he was a (DISSIDENTS con- in return for a corresponding Anatoly Dobrynin. Only after 12 arrangements which led to the reluctant to leave his homeland, American release of two Soviet April 1978, following lunch and. April exchange in a mist outside a bit tinued on page 10) spies sentenced last November to prison terms of fifty years each on charges of espionage. The exchange, highly reminis- Adjustment to west not likely to be easy cent of Cold War spy swaps, was the months of secret result of six Stephan Semykivsky negotiations, one of the most close- ly guarded negotiations conducted by the Carter administration to date, Now that Moroz is free between Soviet and American of-

ficials. It is not only the largest such indefinitely in an As far as his role in bringing exdange everagreed to by the two Among the Soviet dissidents imprisonment and after his release "him detained but after widespread together the various factions of the governments, but the first one released in the 27 April Soviet- in 1969, Moroz wrote several critical asylum, concerned, it conducted by the United States in American prisoner exchange was essays which have been translated protests in the west Moroz was nationalist camp is prison in will be interesting to see how the which no American citizen were the prominent Ukrainian historian into English and published in the transferred to a camp present-day leaders of the involved — Soviet citizens were and essayist Valentyn Moroz. west. He was arrested again in 1970 1976. Moroz's essays gained a great nationalist political groupings res- exchanged for Soviet citizens. Moroz was first arrested in 1965 and sentenced to nine years' im- in the west, and he pond his appeal. One (or all) of The five dissidents released for possession of unauthorized prisonment and live years' internal deal of publicity to leading leading symbol of the the major factions of the nationalist are: Alexander Ginsburg, a literature and sentenced to four exile. After six years in Vladimir became a rights activist who Ukrainian movement for national camp could easily capitalize on Soviet human years in jail for "anti-Soviet agita- prison, attempts were made to last summer to eight and civil rights. A number of "Com- Moroz's appeal by having their was sentenced tion and propaganda." During his declare him mentally ill and to have years in a strict labor camp and mittees for the Defense of Valentyn leaders step down from their three years internal exile for "anti- Moroz" were set up m several North positions in favor of Moroz. It is Soviet agitation"; Mark Dymshits American cities, and he became the doubtful, however, whether the and Edward Kuznetsov, two Jewish focus of attention for many activists entrenched and self-serving activists originally charged in 1970 involved in defending the civil rights leadership of these factions would with treason and sentenced to of Ukrainian dissenters. have the courage and foresight to death for their role in an un- His wife and son are expected take such a step. successful plot to hijack a Soviet to join him in a few weeks, and if the As the number of Ukrainian plane to Israel — a sentence which recent expulsion from the Soviet political activists recently arrived was commuted to fifteen-year Union of Grigorenko, Svitlychna from the Soviet Union increases, it prisonterms following ofaworld- and Moroz in fairly rapid succession will be interesting to see how they in west. wide protest on the hijackers' is any indication, it is likely that adjust to conditions the continue behalf; Georgi Vins, a prominent other Soviet Ukrainian political Many, if not all. will want to Ukrainian Baptist leader arrested in activists will follow Although the in some fashion their activities in have of human rights in Ukraine 1974 for conducting - an un- number of Ukrainians who defence derground ministry and sentenced been allowed to leave the Soviet and other parts ot the Soviet Union. in 1975 to five years imprisonment Union is still pitifully small com- Several of the more prominent and five years internal exile for pared to the outflow of Russians, activists may wish to devote most of defaming the Soviet State, and; and especially the emigration ot their time to these activities, and Valentyn Moroz, the prominent Jews, the Ukrainian communitiesin can play a very useful role in this dissident Ukrainian historian who the west must begin preparing regard. Their efforts will doubtless- has served several sentences since themselves to welcome more of ly be supported by many Ukrainian his first arrest in 1965 [see article on these very politicized Ukrainian organizations. unfortunate, Moroz elsewhere on this page — emigres. It would be Ed.]. Several Ukrainian audiences in however, if too many of the newest American interest in a prisoner the United States have already had group of Ukrainian political exchange of some sort had been an opportunity to hear Moroz emigres, especially those^who are overly evident since the rash of harsh speak. The statements he has made relatively young, become sentences meted out last summer to since his release, and some of his dependent on the Ukrainian com- on isolated prominent Soviet dissidents such as earlier essays, indicate that he munity, and especially Ginsburg, Shcharansky and Orlov. readily fits the image of factions of the community, for their a matter of While the Soviets first expressed a "nationalists" as perceived by a livelihood. This is not part of the com- reciprocal interest in November large sector of the Ukrainian emigre reluctance on the after the sentencing of Vadik Enger community. Moroz has a certain munity to support these most recent and Rudolf Chernyayev, both charismatic style, seems to be emigres, but should rather be a employed at the United Nations and rather rigid and uncompromising in question of self-respect tor the arrested after trying to buy infor- his views, and has indicated that he emigres. Those who decide to mation about U.S. anti-submarine would like to unite the divided ranks devote most of their time and with capability, they had indicated their of the Ukrainian nationalists camp energy to activities associated concern about their agents' fate in in the diaspora. One can only hope Ukrainian communities in the west this June 1978 during Soviet Foreign that he is not as intolerant and must clearly realize what en- Minister Andrei Gromyko's narrow-minded as many represen- tails, and should have no illusions meetings with American Secretary tatives of the nationalist camp have ot State Cyrus Vance in New York. shown themselves to be, and that he (MOROZ continued on The exchange itself was will be able to cooperate with bouquet of tlowers during a rally in Ukrainian negotiated since November 1978 in Valentyn Moroz raises a various sectors of the page ) an unusually informal and drawn Philadelphia. _communi(y abroad.

STUDENT: .May 1979, Page 1 —

b All s.gned letterT of fe n 9 ^S^TTsT^ome. .f° fs Zooses laws will be ^JZ with Canadian libel and slander ""^"^^^^"^^ compX 1 " will not print anonymous in this column. We "'^™^"^ S pseudonym^f-"this can be arranged, out in contributors wish to withold their names or use a a genuine signature and a return address. all cases we require both

Election Reflection even an operation in the true sense , word, for operations improve of the — abortions kill it. -- life asks her to The following letter and editorial comment appeared in the 6 The author readers Svoboda, in the midst of federal election , support "the right of women to October 1904 issue ol a - control their own bodies, and the campaign. It is interesting to note the advice and observations given This is not staged - right to contraception". Certainly. here, especially in light of our current election. But to support "the right to free abortions", that most ridiculous of First of all, please accept the . all contradictions in terms — cer- - appreciation of the Board of Direc- , tainly NOT! ,, - tors of the Ukrainian Theatre for Alexandra Berezowskyj . 1 , Student's Kind assistance in - . - - promoting the Playwriting Com- , - Toronto, Ontario . - , — petition. You should be aware that for "" - responsible , — your efforts are the - - , - vast majority of the applications . which have been received by the , ' . , - ,, Theatre. - , , Should you wish to further print , , - - 1he promotional material, there are - - A tip of the hat . , , some changes which must be made: , . the deadline has been extended to - , 31 December 1979 in response to - . - . 1901 numerous requests from . , CP.R. . — - ( - applicants. My own telephone - - - , ), number has now been changed to , "". - - 942-0218. . " , , ., Sincerely, " . . , -- Myron J, Spolsky , Secretary - - , . Ukrainian Theatre , . - - The - . . , Winnipeg . , , - — , .-- - P.S. The postal code on the Selkirk , Ave address should be R2W 2N6 , - Abortions kill , ,. - Language not to , - - Re; the article "'Abortion laws: a liking , miscarriage of justice" by Tamara - Tkachuk. published in the March . -- , Makhno mania 1979 issue of Student: "- , — It will never cease to amaze me " - - how someone who makes such an ' , - ' - impassioned plea in support of , womens' rights, can completely ... "" - ignore the rights of another, totally , - , ? - , defenceless — ( - , - - group the unborn , . - child. Is that child's right to life , - less , - , somehow important than a - woman's "right to control (her) . — .). - - fertility"? Of course, Ms, Tkachuk ' . does not even broach this issue in . Has anything really changed — besides Svoboda? her article, in effect denying the * very existence of that which she . would so unhesitationgly abort. , But. yes Vera, fetuses do exist, and (LETTERS continued , abortion is than . more "an operation ., with an impolite name". It is not on page 13) ^STUDENT WETUDIAIVT^ Please address all correspondence to; STUDENT 11246-91 St. Edmonton. Alberta SUBSCRIBE! I> Canada T58 4A2 — if you are a paid member ot any Ukrainian Students' Club

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— it you are not a member, (hen you stand to miss several n lor lacl and opini reflecting Ihe interests ot Ukrainian issues ot STUDENT this Dn various lopics — SO Cl at, political and religious year. DON'T BE DISAPPOINTED! SUBSCRIBE' The opinions and ACT NOW! Ihouohls eipressed in STUOENT represent the particular SUBSCRIPTIONS situation in which Ihe ARE ONLY S4.00 PER YEAR. Ukrainian-Canadian student movement finds itself, both within Ihe Ukrainian-Canadian community and within Canadian society MONTHLY PUBLICATION. Opinions in expressed individual signed articles are not necessarily those ol the Ukrainian Canadian Students Union or ol Ihe STUDENT editorial board. Yes, I want STUDENT! == Please send $4.00 in Canadian funds e welcome We e the righl to edit materials lor

STUOENT STAFF EDITOR-IN-CHIEF - Nestor STUDENT Makuch ADDRESS . ASSISTANT EDITORS - Ja.oslaw Balan, Bohdanna Bashuk 11246-91 Street Roman Wynnyckyj I = Edmonton, Alberta CITY Mykhailo Bociurklw. MyroslowBodnaruh, Nadya Dmllrluk, Dmytro Jacula, Ivan JevrorsKy, = CANADA T5B 4A2 Alexia Klysh, Andrij Makuch, Calvin Melnyk, Roman Olekslj, Eugene Plawiuk, Polndexter, Boris Radio. Halia Radluk, Irka Scharabun, Lew Stelmach

POSTAL CODE .

Page 2: STUDENT, May 1979 Harrisburg disaster demonstrates nuclear hazards Better active today than radioactive tOmOrrOW Bohdan Somchynsky

On 28 March 1 979 the people of ding area when it appeared that a was danger, then they were told to power was unsafe depended on the On 9 April at the Rocky Flats, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania were fac- hydrogen gas bubble might ex- go too late, after the damage was anti-nuclear movement, now the Colorado, site of a federal govern- ed with the most serious accident plode and crack the containment done," explained one obstetrician, burden of proving that it is safe will ment nuclear weapons plant, Health known in the history of American vessel. Civil defense officials Dr. Lawrence Silver. He was referr- have to fall on the nuclear industry. Director Dr. Carl Johnson reported nuclear reactor operation. The reported that at least 100,000 peo- ing to the governor's initial refusal Whereas the nuclear industry and he had found 501 unexpected Three Mile Island accident began ple stayed away from their jobs 2 to recommend, let alone order, the the Nuclear Regulatory Commis- cancer cases between 1969 and with a mere valve malfunction and April. Hospitals and nursing homes evacuation of pregnant women and sion had estimated the chance of a 1971 among 1.6 million people quickly escalated into the con- were short-staffed; many schools young children from the area — reactor meltdown at about one in a living downwind from the tamination of plant workers, the and factories closed. Farmers in despite their exposure to unknown billion per year of operation, the plutonium-core producing plant. release of radioactive gases and New York were warned to give their amounts of radioactive gases and events following 28 March proved For people living thirteen miles east particles into the environment and livestock food which had been particles. Eventually an abnormal them unprepared for existence of a of the plant, the overall cancer rates the all-too-realistic possibility of a stored indoors in order to avoid the amount of radioactive material was hydrogen gas bubble that could for men were 24% higher than total uncontrollable core meltdown. contaminated grass outdoors. detected in an area within a sixteen have exploded, causing the im- expected and about 10% higher in Fifty-six hours after the plant's Area obstetricians didn't know mile radius of the plant. mediate rupture of the containment women. This study directly con- initial difficulties, Pennsylvania how to respond to the throngs of What the Harrisburg incident vessel, or have displaced water from tradicts a 1977 federal study which Governor Thornburgh recommend- pregnant women worried about the has shown is that while to date the the fuel causing further damage by estimated that piutonium emissions ed that people leave the surroun- special risks to the unborn. "If there burden of proving that nuclear overheating and leading to a reactor had the potential to cause only one meltdown. genetic defect and one cancer death among area residents. Scien- tists are already calculating the death rates resulting from cancer because of the Harrisburg emissions. Unfortunately these calculations will not be confirmed for up to twenty years. As Charles Scheiner, co-chairperson of the People's Action Coalition explain- ed, "These people haven't yet died, in fact, they will neverknow that Met Ed [Metropolitan Edison] killed then." Reaction has been swift among the people of the United States. On 7 April, 20-30,000 demonstrated in San Francisco while in Washington on 6 May 60-100,000 expressed their opposition. Further demonstrations are planned, in-

cluding one in New York on 1 9 May. as more and more people are disgusted by Ihe nuclear industry's need for profit over safety, and governmental complicity. But as President Carter reassured the nation at a 10 April press con- ference, "There is no way for us to abandon the nuclear supply of energy in our country, in Ihe

foreseeable future. I think it does not contribute to safety to have a bureaucratic nightmare or maze of red tape as licensing and siting decisions are made." Across the world reaction came swiftly. Anatoly P. Aleksandrov. in the 10 April issue of Izvestia, charg- ed that coverage by the western press of the Harrisburg accident, "in which some basically unpleasant minor consequences were describ- 0*4w- 75. ed in an extremely exaggerated NO NUKE.5 manner," was an extension of the campaign against atomic power being conducted by U.S. oil com- panies. Aleksandrov, President of the USSR Academy of Sciences, IPSA proceeding with Moscow congress went on to elaborate that opposition to nuclear reactor operation was being promoted by fuel monopolies who are afraid of losing oil profits in Political scientists insist on the shift to atomic power Of course, the Soviet bureaucrats have an interest in downplaying the safety threats Bohdan Somchynsky burying heads in sand posed by nuclear reactors. They plan to have reactors supply 7% of the Soviet Union's energy needs by The International Political ple of natural scientists in the States papers, and undoubtedly they will following that celebrated corporate the end of 1980. Science Association (IPSA) has and Europe, who have either return to write erudite and scholarly philosophy, "We're not here to They also have a few skeletons decided to hold its international boycotted or gone to Moscow so as works on "Totalitarianism Behind make social comments on Chile and m their closets. In 1976. the dissi- congress in Moscow this summer to publicize the research of dissi- the Iron Curtain: Structure and South Africa, we're here to invest." dent and biochemist Zhores " Issues of human and civil rights dent scientists, our political scien- Function No wonder the IPSA is having its Medvedev published reports of a Brazil At least seem to have been forgotten, for tists are more interested in the It appears the CPSA and their next congress in long secret nuclear disaster in the despite pleas for reconsideration opportunity of delivering their own international counterparts are they're consistent. Urals. In 1957 a nuclear fire erupted from such political scientists as Ivan at a radioactive waste storage plant. Myhul and Arnold Beichman, the The resulting explosion scattered Canadian Political Science radioactive materials over an area ol Association (CPSA) is participating 400 by 900 km Over 100 people in the plans of the IPSA to bring the were killed and thousands light of western political science lo hospitalized due to radiation land itself was the land of 'Marxism-Leninism'. It poisoning The has been explained that the IPSA completely devastated The area has a perspective of introducing was cordoned off. and no informa- new ideas to Soviet social scien- tion reached the West until Jewish tists, and that this takes precedence emigre scientists began bringing over any concern over the fate oi out reports starting in 1972. fellow scholars who are imprisoned Medvedev was able to collect this or harassed because of their views material and finally published itasa However, all is not lost. Dr. paper in a 1976 issue of the British Roberta McKown, head of the Journal New Scientist University of Alberta department, Nuclear energy is too pointed out that the IPSA does have dangerous a power for us lo allow bureaucratic in- a boycotting policy; if the USSR corporate and refuses to allow some western terests to monopolize its develop- students should political scientists to attend ment. Ukrainian mobilizations being held because of political reasons, then join in the 2-3 June as the International the IPSA may have to do something on Protest against Nuclear drastic. Days of Instead of following the exam- Power STUDENT: May 1979, Page 3 : : : -

- ' . 11 1979 .

" - ,?, , ". , ,?- "". "", , , , - 1 - , . . , , — ., , ,, , :??"", , ,., , , — ' - . - , , , . -- ? ? — — . ! ,." " ? -

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' , . . ? . , ,- , ', . , . . - ', "" ? ... ?, "", ,. , ,"". , , .,- , , " - . , , - ". ,, ., "",, - : ():, ). : (, "?" ... , . -? () , ,.. , - ... .- , , . , , "", . , - : - ? - . "" , - : , , , . ' ., ,,. . - ,, ... , . ,. , . , . — , ?'- , "", ...... , , , . , " , ? (continued ". on page 15) Page 4: STUDENT, May 1979 .

Prospective membership confirmed

Student status in CUP

clarified Nestor Makuch

Student's status as a prospec- Keit-h Wiley, the CUP usual careful scrutiny of potential tive member of Canadian University fieldworker for Western Canada, will members suffice to protect it Press (CUP) has been reconfirmed. had prepared a four-page report on from unsuitable applicants, "Each Student had initially been Student to serve as a basis on which case should be dealt with in terms of granted prospective membership in the CUP executive could make their the merits and advantages of at the CUP 41st CUP Congress held decision. The report covered membership for each' particular in Edmonton 26 December 1 978 - 4 Student's background, its current newspaper. Precedents do not • As part of a cultural "thaw" the Soviet government recently permitted January 1979. The motion was, structure, relation with the Ukrai- really play a role in this as each case the reggae°disco group Boney-M to pertorm at a Moscow concert. Only however, withdrawn and Student's nian Canadian Students' Union is necessarily individual and 100 of the 3,000 available seats were offered to the public — the rest went entry made subject to a more (SUSK), finances, distribution, different." to middle-aged officials of the government and Communist Party. Still, intensive study by the CUP field editorial policy, and forseeable Wiley also rejects the objection hundreds of young Soviets milled around in the snow outside the worker for Western Canada and a problems with CUP membership, of many individuals in CUP to auditorium under the watchful eye of armed militiamen, while inside. decision by the CUP National Wiley, in his report, forsees Student's "anti-Soviet" line, an Boney-M lead singer Bobby Farrell, attired in a black jumpsuit and grey Executive (see Student, January problems for Student with objection which for some con- cape, along with the rest of the group, put on a show rarely seen in 1979), Youthstream, the advertising stituted sufficient grounds for rejec- stodgy Moscow. When three young fans ran onstage to dance along John Wilson, the outgoing cooperative affiliated with tion of Student's CUP application. Wiley with the band, they were removed by uniformed police and "detained". president of CUP, informed the which arranges national advertising maintains that "the admission of Student staff in a letter dated 1 April revenue for member papers. As Student should not • be decided on It's not known if Soviet leader Brezhnev was in attendance at the that Student's prospective Student's circulation largely the basis of its political editorial line Boney-M concert, but if he had shown up in one of the many luxury cars membership had been reconfirmed. duplicates the circulation but by of ex- the usual standards set for he owns, it would have added a touch of class — Ihe ruling class. "We have hesitated this long isting newspapers it is [to CUP not CUP membership." He also points Brezhnev, communism's most prominent citizen, owns a Rolls-Royce, a make our decision] not because of likely that Youthstream will take it out that, in Cadillac, regards to Student's a Mercedes, a Citroen-Maserati, a Chevrolet (still a proletarian our unfavourable reaction to on. In other aspects, however, the Wiley 'anti-Soviet line', "Student people at heart), a Lincoln Continental, and a Matra-Rancho cross country car. Student, but because your position is of the opinion that are Student runs quick to point out (that] this This information came out recently when his Highness was invited to as a multi-campus ethnic press "in a similar has fashion to most CUP coverage is not necessarily reac- test drive Aston Martin's 550,000 V8 Vantage on Russian roads. Aston- no counterpart currently in our papers" although it is tionary. most dis- The left in Canada has been Martin officials said they think Brezhnev will be impressed by theircar's organization, and we are not sure tinguished from other CUP papers overly timid in its acceleration — criticism of the rate from 100 mph to its top speed of 170. Leonid's mother that you fit readily into our current in content "The paper is distinctly Soviet Union, reportedly is worried they say." what will happen to her son if the Reds ever come structure. You appear to meet all of Ukrainian rather than student in Student's status in CUP back. our criteria for membership. content." He also feels that while will now be finalized at the 42nd

"We are pleased to have you Student's content "does reflect the CUP Congress, where it is likely • Ukes and Nukes. Harrisburg, Pa., site of the recent Three Mile Island aboard, and hope will be able to ideal of an of that we agent social change" , the membership commission nuclear disaster, is in the midst of a heavily-Ukrainian populated coal- cooperate in news exchange. the social change the Student is on the basis of both Wiley's and the mining belt. It was, in fact, the 1902 site of the First Convention of the "Sorry about the long hesita- about is in the Ukraine." National Executive's recommenda- Society of United Ruthenian (i.e. Ukrainian) Church Communities in the tion, but we are still at a loss. The One of the major reasons that tion, will consider reopening an U.S. and Canada. As such it stands cherished in our history. Let's hope it membership commission at CUP42 Student's provisional membership "alternate member" status which stays on the map. [CUP's 42nd Congress, to be held in was re-examined in the first place would more adequately suit a Toronto in late December) will be was the concern expressed over the newspaper such as Student than • When is a national "symbol" no longer a "national" symbol? Although asked to re-examine a special "dangerous precedent" for CUP in would any of the existing Valentyn Moroz has been in the west for less than one month, category of membership which accepting papers that represent membership categories. indications are that he is in dire peril of being appropriated by one more exactly deliveates Student's ethnic or political groups, Wiley segment of the emigre nationalist community (it rhymes with special relationship with the rest of rejects a categorical rejection of "Slanderites") as their exclusive property. For example recent Student the campus press." • such groups and feels that CUP's efforts to borrow a tape of a press conference, given by Moroz soon after his release, from this group failed. Although initially access to the tape had been granted a few hurried phone calls by one ot their apparatchiks Million dollar endowment sought to some of the party elders brought down their veto — not only did they now fear "distortions" of Moroz's statements but, contrary to common

practice in regards to human rights materials, it seems'lhis tape suddenly was "copyrighted". Hang in there Valentyn — the worst is yet Toronto gets first Chair to come!

• Something's fishy in Edmonton's English-Ukrainian bilingual program. A certain teacher, Panna Halya, recently received a birthday in Ukrainian Studies present in the mail. It was supposed to be a fresh B.C. salmon, but turned out to be the original (and only) blueprints for a building in Toronto. Meanwhile in a Toronto boardroom, the architect's plans (8 lbs. of red spring salmon) failed to a big The first Chair in Ukrainian The Chair is intended to ad- Professional and Business Federa- make splash. Studies However, things are really along in other to be established at a vance the study of Ukrainian tion was instrumental in the es- swimming aspects of the program, recent Separate Board Canadian university was celebrated history, culture and political tablishment of the Canadian In- A Edmonton School meeting approved an extension of the program to the |unior 29 March 1979 in a signing economy, and will supplement the stitute of Ukrainian Studies at the high level (from the current ceremony at grade 6 ceiling). It is expected that the Public will the University of Ukrainian language and literature University of Alberta, which is School Board do likewise. Toronto. courses available through the Un- funded by an annual grant of The signing marked the iversity of Toronto's Slavic $350,000 from the Alberta govern- • Khmelnytsky Boulevard, Franko Street, Vynnychenko culmination of a nine-month cam- Languages and Literatures Depart- ment. The Federation is currently Vay, Shep-

tytsky Ave., etc. . . are paign by the Ukrainian Canadian ment. involved in promoting a Chair of these what "good" Ukrainians would call their streets and avenues. But, reality has different face. For in Professional and Business Federa- The Chair will initially facilitate Ukrainian Studies at the Univer- a example, a recently-constructed Saskatoon one tion to raise $300,000 for the Chair, the appointment of one full-time sities of Saskatchewan and suburb, of the main thorough- fares is called Boychuk Drive, in It a sum which is matched by a professor and its programme en- Manitoba. after thecontractor the area. just goes to show that fiddler payus, tunus callet. $300,000 grant from the Federal compasses both undergraduate The signing, which took place Qui Government through the Minister of and graduate courses. A search at Hart House, was attended by over • Many of our readers may have seen The Deer recently and State responsible for Mul- committee will select a professor for one hundred representatives from Hunter wondered whether our Slavs Michael. Nick, and Steven were not really ticulturalism, the Hon, Norman the Chair, which will begin its the University, the Ukrainian com- Ukrainians. They could be. Many Ukrainian Lemkos emigrated to Cafik. The eventual goal of the programme in the fall of 1980. munity, and the Government. America in the late nineteenth endowment is $1,000,000, In 1975 the Ukrainian Canadian century thinking lhat they were really Russians (i.e. the so-called Russophiles). There exists, thus, the phenomenon of Ukrainians organized around Lemko Halls, who go to Russian Orthodox churches, who dance Russian dances to Ukrainian music, and keep portraits of "Bohdan Khmelnytsky 's Arrival in Kiev.

1648" behind the bar. If you wonder why they're so confused, just notice the way they drink.

• Dr. Charles Allard is a well-known empire builder in Alberta

According to the Financial Post his investments are so widespread that it is virtually impossible to keep track ot Ihem Besides owning real-estate and development companies, gas processing plants, and an Edmonton printing company which does Ukrainian typesetting, Allard owns an

Edmonton TV station, ITV. He purchased it since both the CTV and the CBC were too "liberal" politically for his taste. But for a multimillionaire with staunch right-wing views. Dr. Allard has some strange business companions. Two Canadian companies were mentioned in a 1977 Chase Manhatten Bank report on economic investment potentials in the USSR One was a Toronto-based firm which distributes farm machinery. The other was Allard's Allarco Developments, which has the sole rights to wholesale Soviet-built light jet engines in North America and Europe. The politics of detente makes strange bedfellows.

* Those of our Edmonton readers contemplating voting for Bill Yurko (PC) in the Edmonton East riding should take into account that this is the same person who gave the keynote address at the 1978 Edmonton Ukrainian Canadian Committee banquet celebrating the sixtieth anniversary of the Ukrainian revolution Remember that speech 7 You The signing ceremony at Hart House. From L to R: David S. Claringbold, Secretary of know, the one in which over half of his remarks were devoted to a the University of Toronto Governing Council; James M. Ham, President of the homosexual rooster joke. If Yurko has this much respect for us to our University of Toronto; W. George Danyliw, President of the Ukrainian Canadian faces, what is he going to do behind our backs? Professional and Business Federation; Eugene Zaraska, Secretary of the Chair in Ukrainian Studies Inc. STUDENT: May 1979, Page 5 A primer on travel in Ukraine The Tourist Cookbook: The following article is a compilation of three articles, "The Tourist Cookbook'; "The Tourist Cookbook II", and "The Tourist Cookbook III", which appeared in the summer 1972, 1973, and 1974 issues respectively of New Directions. As some ol our readers may be planning a trip to Ukraine this summer we telt that some otthe advice given in this Cookbook may come in handy during their visit. The lirst two parts ot the Cookbook were written by the same group ot anonymous people, while the third was written by a second group which had attempted to implement lirst the two parts. Perhaps some student traveller's experiences this summer could serve as the basis lor a Tourist Cookbook IV.

towards people in general. He is shrewd, brutal; but like any other policeman and opportunist, bound to routine and tradition. making trip lo On your Ukraine a memorable military precede The KGB will be your constant companion in Ukraine (or try resistance. to be). They will employ the lowest methods to pin a rap on you, so A tourist for militant handbook Ukrainians visiting Ukraine. be careful, but not paranoid. The usual method of operation of the KGB is to follow tourists wherever they go, especially young people. The only way to counter this is to go to the nearest militia station and tell the in This is. to say the least, a most unusual tourist guide and man at the desk, Ukrainian of course, that you are a tourist from the west, that handbook (or young Ukrainians who plan to visit Ukraine in the you have travelled through many countries, but presently are being near future. Having observed the behavior of many lourists in you followed by some rather strange looking (it Ukraine we have come to the inescapable conclusion that most ot men does not have to be "strange looking men", it could very well be old ladies them don't have (he faintest notion of what is going on around with shopping, baskets, girls with nice them. Therefore, the publication of this cookbook" has been young legs or dirty old men) and you are afraid that they might be either decided upon. In it, we hope to arouse youthful passions, give hoodlums, homosexuals, muggers, thieves or Never some practical hints on viewing and coping with the sights and con men. say that you suspect your "tails" ol being KGB agents. Demand that raise the blood pressure of each and every KGB agent in charge of these creeps stop following you, or else you will raise young "impressionable" Ukrainian tourists in Ukraine. such a stink when you get home that ihey will never hear the end of it. Be indignant! The combination of reduced airfares to Europe and in- Yell at the militia man behind the desk, demand an creased affluence among Ukrainian emigres will predictably explanation, say that you are highly disenchanted culminate in more tourist pilgrimages to Ukraine. Many young with socialism, that you were a member of back Ukrainians will finally be exposed to the country about which they SDS home and now you will quit once and for all The poor militia man will try keep have heard so much. Looking for a preserved mythical "shrine" to a straight face, but inside he will be laughing at you for your innocence. Don't rather than a living country, they will search in vain for houses let this distract with you and remain adamant in your demands. If the thatched roofs and be dismayed that the hopak is not being militiaman tries to explain that he is helpless in this respect, danced constantly on the Khreschatyk in Kiev. In essence these give him a proper dressing down and threaten report young people who visit Ukraine are in for many cultural shocks, to him to his superior lor being an inept sloth. Then and this "cookbook" is geared to prepare them for these strange go to "Intourist" — your official hosts, but in but true reality another KGB front, tell experiences. It is also designed to bring misery and and them that you are being followed by shitty looking indigestion to the headquarters of the KGB on Volodymyr street characters, that you went to the militia, in Kiev. but they are all freaked out. and that you demand action from for "Intourist" Who knows, Taking granted the fact that most young Ukrainians in the Fedorchuk just might become a bit more selective in west have been under the careful tutelage of proper parents, and whom he follows. If nothing else works, harass your followers. are equipped with a well-rounded parochial school background, Don't talk to them, but be profanely nice. Smile at them, it don't walk is indeed very difficult to turn them into political activists on too fast for fear that they might fall behind and lose their you, and every evening two or three week tour of Ukraine. Despite all that they have as yoy go to your hotel room give them the heard ot finger (middle finger the situation in Ukraine, the prim and proper attitudes of up — the rest down). their The KGB is its upbringing have done much to defeat any aggressiveness in known tor use of provocateurs. These are very their pleasant people nature. Even the mere suggestion that they make pests of who might approach you in the hotel lobby, or in themselves in (it the hotel restaurant, Iry to buy Ukraine not hard core "outside agitators") is American dollars 'romyou. porno, shirts, etc. Don't sell repulsive to most. anything lo such people; it is only a trick to pin something Bui — try we must . . on you; avoid them like the plague. The other type of provocateur is the political activist who insists on taking you to a meeting THE LURE OF UKRAINE of his "underground cell". These cells consist ol KGB agents and resemble communist party cells in the U.S. — more Why do young Ukrainians travel to Ukraine? The reasons for card carrying FBI agents than bona fide members. The same visiting the motherland vary from individual to individual. Many agent will swear to you up and down that he hates the regime are hates persuaded to go by their parents to visit relatives (mostly Russians, socialism, etc. He might also be a bit more ancient sophisticated grandmothers, aunts and uncles remote from their and talk to you about russification, dissent in persona! Ukraine and lives and who don't really care if Ihey ever see them or so on (If you are not sure of this type and have not), bring them 6-15 guadily doubts about his origins, decorated scarves and sit around don't be taken in) . In such a case, listen tables gorging themselves with food. Other tourists go to see '4he bul do not comment. old country," to look at St. George's Cathedral in Lviv, St. Sophia The KGB also likes lo talk to tourists: these talks, otherwise in Kiev, the statue of Bohdan Khmelnytsky and various other known as interrogations, are conducted at random. Their main historical and cultural monuments This group looks, purpose is to bring files up to date on known "subversives"' in the photographs, and returns home with the sole intent of boring west. The usual procedure for such an interrogation is that your friends with slides ot St. Sophia, etc , etc. Some heroic individuals "Intourist" guide will tell you that her chief wants to see you. Your will sneak away to a village, (dressed a "typical"' up as Ukrainian guide will lead you to a private room and you will meet a very peasant of course) and return to the U.S. with hair-raising stones pleasant idiot. He will ask you about your impressions of Ukraine of how they outwitted the whole party and state appartus by (service is horrible, everybody speaks some Asiatic language getting into a taxicab in Lviv. with a scarf wrapped around their (Russian), posters ot Lenin everywhere — use your imagination). head and seeing some forsaken village in Lvivska oblast. If you To this verbal abuse he will smile and ask you about the find yourself in one of these categories, use this pamphlet for emigration and about attitudes of the young people in the West. wrapping fish; then protest at the same time that you are indeed a Specially towards Ukraine, he will ask you about specific Ukrainian patriot, that you really do care about is what happening organizations, person ("never heard of him or her," but they are in Ukraine, but you haveajob, children, an old grandmother in crazy and you have nothing to do with them, "don't belong to this Mukachevo, school, a boy friend or girl friend, you hold a organization," and it you do. it is only tor 'social reasons'.) Don't sensitive job waiting tables in Orchidia, etc.. etc. If so, this lie overtly, but don't volunteer any information to the jerk Remain pamphlet is definitely not for you No hard feelings, but a job is disinterested in the whole procedure. If he asks you if you read the important "Tourist Cookbook," give a dumb stare and ask him to explain Going to Ukraine can not only be a gratifying personal himself. If your "interviewer" gets angrv.and begins shouting, give experience, it can also bring some points home to the USSR him a sympathetic look, tell him that you understand howdifticult authorities, by showing the regime that young Ukrainians it are must be talking to kids all day; but those are the breaks working dissatisfied with the current policies of russificafion and for such a line organization as "Intourist" persecution And above all. tourism is the perfect way of raising Take it for granted that your hotel room is bugged and m wheat production some havoc, of agitating for change, of informing and kilowatt hours produced during thecurrent Ukrainians in certain instances there is photo equipment installed to provide Ukraine 5 year plan, tell you with a of what is happening m the wesl The opportunities straight face that Ukrainian culture is for fantastic close-up shots of you in bed (alone or with some'newly spreading flourishing in Ukraine, propaganda in Ukraine are open to anyone with and that above all Ukrainians in Ukraine acquired friend) II you are camera shy (and you should be in the imagination and Ukrainians in the west and guts, but ... if your father is a former member of a Ukraine) should become the closest of friends avoid passion for ihose or three weeks. It two is also (In the meantime revolutionary organization (or still considers your KGB tailsare milling about outside himsell a recommended that you hang a pair ol shorts waiting revolutionary) on possible for the circus inside he will protest vehemently, tell lo finish so that they can you that you are openings for camera lenses and do a minimum amounl get back to work crazy, ol rapping making tnends with under new left influence, that you might be arrested, and you," You may even get a chance to see m your room Likewise, do not discuss the overthrow of ihe that your whole family will some real live "socialist realist films" be deported to Siberia for your foolish regime in Ihe at Ihe meeting (really putrid lobby o( the "Dnipro" hotel in Kiev. All in all, the KGB action. Therefore, don't things), so look vaguely interested leii your parents that you intend to make will in order to humor your hosts) a Irequently provide you with moments of pure mirth. They are nuisance of yourself in Kiev, You will also be given books to Lviv, Ternopil. Uzhorod etc Justqo there and cannot take back with you about all the be avoided all the time. How to avoid them is up ahead and it. crimes of Ukrainian nationalism do to the and how everything in Ukraine imagination of the potential tourists It is possible, but lhat's is just honky-dory today. If all we'll say you're slick, you can always rip olf some really worthwhile books from the "Ukraina" Society They THE GOOD usually have stacks of the best GUYS AND THE BAD GUYS "UKRAINA" SOCIETY art and literary works published in Ukraine, books which are Another almost impossible to get in a bookstore To make this cookbook famous institution in Ukraine is the a bit orderly, sections are provided Society lor in Kiev, but somehow the for Cultural Contacts "Society" has them. Give them a story the various and sundry institutions with Ukrainians Abroad, or ihe you might or definitely will "Ukrama" say lhat you looked everywhere, Society. It, like and you probably did and run .mo during stay "Intourist," is another facade tor the Ihat . your in Ukraine But first a few KGB but is book is impossible to words about such a get. Results are almost guaranteed. the people themselves. pushy outfit that a separate section is The devoted to' them other lUerature is )unk, but lake .1, be practical, Contrary to popular Most tourists to Ukraine have had the "pleasure" remember: there is beliei. not every Ukrainian in to be taken to a a serious shortage Ukraine isa of toilet paper in Kiev .... low-down nasty meeting in the Society, they have had to suffer commie"" There are good Ukrainians through some Take the talk even utterly ridiculous about all the "achievements of Ukraine under commies'", and there are bad Ukrainians, speeches by way-out clowns, led by Valentyn socialism some of the bad ones with a grain ol salt. Nothing uselul are not party Tsurkan, Comrade Tsurkan (his is served by qellinq members, strange as thai might KGB rank is either Major or up-tight at seem You will mosl Colonel) comrade Tsurkan and telling him to get bent likely be exposed to is the head man for "cultural contacts" Some in both species, and it with Ukrainians 1 is up lo your good abroad. toaskthe samestandardquestionsaboutth- judgment to distinguish the He was previously stationed inNew ! ?^ 8 York in good guys from the bad. There ale the UN a tact mat Ukrainian is not no number of heard in Kiev, and the standard replv score cards provided lor lourists years where he managed to make an in-depth in this aspect. On the whole study of be that it is summer you the and there are many tourists in Kiev will meet tine, decent people Ukrainian emigration. He read "Svoboda" Irom all who care for their nation and are regularly which over the USSR, and therefore Russian deeply distressed even you don't read, and probably is predominant. Don't by their late. Now about the bastards still does, and is very well waste your time with this nonsense, sit still and The is informed about our lile in the west. avoid Tsurkan and KGB the Soviet secret police, or Needless to say Tsurkan is as the m other words the boys. Resign yourself to wasting one Russian counterpart close to "cultLre" as this cookbook is or two hours and to "pigs". The chief of KGB to cooking, but let that be console ,n Ukraine is Tsurkan yourself with the fact that you have to go Vitally V. Fedorchuk. He-Is and his staff sit a predisium in through this known for his rather uncouth behavior Iron! of the tourists game of charades only welcome them to once, while Tsurkan and his staff are Ukraine, rattle off the latest statistics about obliged to do this all iheir lives. Page 6: STUDENT, May 1979 It is possible that you might be smorgasbord of information reader, throw away your latest copy of the resolutions of some consumer goods. This is blatant New York Times liberalism and student gathering, they are worthless scraps of paper which harm does not appeal to anyone except Harrison Salisbury no one. no matter and his how patriotic and "uncompromisinq" thev crowd who have been might seem. y 7 not only naive, but downright stupid on more than one occasion. Talk about important issues, political and social discrimination, russification, persecution of dis- Stay awhile in the street. Look at the passers-by and remind sidents, lack of democracy and such. Be discriminating in whom yourself: the last work has not yet been said. Then act. Act you talk to, use your brains and do not discredit yourself and with others, not for them. Make the revolution here and others. Read over the first part of this cookbook and — don't now. It is your own. C'est pour toi que tu fais la revolution. forget the magic markers. Daniel Cohn-Bendit

This article was written collectively, we'll and be damned if we let the KGB know our names — (let them work it!). at PART III

PART II Our trip to Ukraine last summer left us with a foul taste so we decided to try some of the recipes in your cookbook. Unfor- tunately, we were not yet aware ot the pencils and crayons approach but we did manage to improvise a few delicious goodies Because such dubious institutions as the KGB, FBI and on our own. All it took was a dash of imagination and a pinch of others have shown considerable interest in the first part of our concern. cookbook, we have decided to update some sections, add or 1) Wear a cross around your neck or on the outside of a delete others and generally elaborate upon statements which sweater, i.e.. in an easily visible place. This tactic really does may not have been clear in the first part. The major reason for wonders. Plain, ordinary, everyday people will stop you on the preparing this chapter, however, is that the tourist season is again street and start lashing out against their regime and generally just around the corner. Once again, bright and well-scribed everything that the cross stands against in the Soviet Union. But Ukrainian boys and girls are scheming with their parents to buy always use the all-ears-but-no-comment approach when con- overly expensives scarves for the folks in the old country. While in fronted with such a vociferous display of outrage. Make sure they Kiev, heads of the KGB tourist department are briefing guardians realize that you've been listening and do understand — a nod of of law and order on whom to expect this summer and on whom to the head will suffice — but don't get involved in political rock- kick out of the country as a lesson to others. All in all, things are throwing discussions with people you don'tknow (agent picking up again. Since the last installment of the cookbook, the provocateurs are also pretty good at looking outraged, you see). KGB has been working overtime expelling some innocent and A further observation on this tactic: most of the people who some not too innocent — and not too bright — tourists. A special pass you on the street will stare at the cross — after all, how often staffjDf literary minded KGB agents has been brushing up on the do they get to see a cross worn in public? This subtle, non-showy finer points of writing confessions for tourists spineless enough method is the surest way of getting through to the seemingly to sign them. And as we are all aware by now, hundreds of unapproachable masses. But don't wear "bourgeois" Ukrainian Ukrainians in Ukraine have been arrested in 1972 and 1973 for national insignia like a fryzub or a blue and yellow pin unless you protesting official policies. This in itself makes writing another don't mind getting into trouble. Crosses and religious articles are installment of the cookbook a must. OK because the Soviet Constitution "guarantees" religious freedom so that you're at least legally safe. CHECK YOUR UKRAINIAN SPELING Don't wear your cross at border crosses. Border guards can be nasty if they want to so that it's better to avoid any unnecessary Despite the fact that there isan upsurge of reactionary forces aggravation. The only opposition we encountered came from a in Ukraine today, this does not mean that we can do nothing to drunk militia officer in Intourist Rovno. He asked me in Russian it l agitate and catalyze ferment. One of the best ways of making wasn't ashamed to be wearing that "thing." I retorted that we can others aware of your feelings is also, the oldest and best known wear anything we want to in Canada. At that point, the woman at method used on college campuses from Argentina to Tokyo — the desk told him to "shhh, they're tourists." graffiti. Every tourist going to Ukraine this summer should be 2) Another effective way of cooking up a storm is to armed with magic markers, indelible ink pens and pencils, completely freak THEM (the people who see to it that you're lipstick, chalk, paint (do not take all this with but crayons, you, properly looked after) out by not doing what they expect you to decide upon one or two weapons and have your friends take the do. For example, have some fun with your tour guide; make sure others). As an experienced bathroom poet and wall-defacer, the he remembers your stay. visiting this the average Ukrainian Ukraine summer has oppor- In Lviv. rather than take the official lour, car and all (meaning tunity to excel if he keeps hiscoo/aboul him. At night he can mark the car fare which (hey expected us to pay(), we suggested to our up anything with a suiiace, write slogans in detense ot me guide that either he take us on a two hour walking tour of the city Ukrainian 'language, protest the arrests of Dzyuba, Chornovil, centre or the deal was off. After all, we argued, here we were, poor Moroz and others. This should be done with caution for the KGB students dying to see Lviv who, alas, couldn't afford to rent a car. will obviously have read this cookbook and will therefore be So what could he say? He kept dragging his feet and swearing expecting your move. So use your ingenuity, make up schemes of under his breath because we wouldn't let him show us any of the (not headquarters!) when to post slogans, where KGB and check "good spots," to it. If questioned the your Ukrainian spelling and go by KGB. Our next stop wasRovnowhere they thought they'd outwit us anything in Ukrainian since deny all, say that you haven't written by giving us a jock for a tour guide. But we co-opted them again: were 7 years old. Hopefully, your brothers in Ukraine will get you we took him on still another kind of tour. We insisted that he take the hint that we are pissed off at the state of things in Ukraine and us to a restaurant that served pyrohy — a not easy task . After a lot that, willing, in our minimal way, to help publicize their we are of searching, he finally found a place where we all had a good even plight in their own country. Our efforts should make them meal. Then, we good humouredly suggested that we have some more angry with the regime. fun and all go out to a night club where young people hang out. The poor guy! — we had him making phone calls to his superiors all night. Even worse was his embarassment at our singing NO MORE MR. NICE-GUY Ukrainian songs at the top of our lungs after we had a few drinks

of wine. To cap it all off, we told him in the highest of spirits that, Since the last cookbook, the KGB has decided to throw down being friends and all. we'd walk him home. Watch your guide try to stop winning friends among young Ukrainians in the gauntlet and squirm out of that one 1 Ours kept walking around the dark streets even prepared transparent excuses for the West. They have with us and would always end up at Intourist headquarters where student tours to Ukraine At first glance this may seem abolishing he'd beg us to leave him alone. Of course, we were too nice for Ukrainian people's security agencies, like a drastic move by the that.

it not overly trouble us in our disruptive activities i.e. but should The trick to having a good time is making sure that you and tourism. although we will read in the Soviet Ukrainian press And not THEY call all the shots. Keep them off balance, on their toes that the Ukrainian masses (bless their hearts) angrily protest anti- and hopping around. Even it it doesn't work, it's fun to see them from the West, this should only serve Soviet activities by tourists knit their brows to on to bigger and better things. As to as encouragement go 3) The best thing to wear in Ukraine is as ragged, patched approached by one of the members of the "presidium" of the 'anti-Soviet' activity, we suggest that more practical hints for and faded a pair of jeans as you can lind. You know, the poor look. Society who would like to have a talk with you since you are a the aristocracy with phone calls radical tourists harrass Soviet A show of wealth only convinces them that you're from the upper young person. Don't be patriots. From : impressed and don't be willing. (See last arrests sentencings of Ukrainian protesting and class which alone is privileged enough to travel and spend

; section dealing with KGB interrogations.) If he insists, play his technical aspect, recommend that calls be placed the purely we money. So tell them you're a poor student. No one will be able to ! foolish game. He might ask you to do an interview for "News From and during working hours. You will need a from public phones figure that one out. Also tell them that your mother is a cleaning : .Ukraine," a rather poorly edited newspaper for English speaking to a call in the USSR. Put the coin in two kopeck coin place phone lady and that your father is an honest and hard' working Ukrainians abroad. Refuse all interviews. You might have in your life the receiver and dial the number Keep the the slot and then proletarian. You'd think they'd almost start crying. Bui it's good group some "progressive" Ukrainains: these are misled people said and then leave. Below conversation short, say what has to be for them. who will believe all that is told them by Tsurkan and Co., will pertinent numbers: are some ol the most 4) You'll notice that a lot of people and particularly all kinds return to the west and remain insignificant as they have always KGB Headquarters in Kiev: E4-65-01 of officials will be speaking in Russian. If one ot these types says been. There is no reason in trying to influence them, or in trying to KGB Headquarters in Lviv: 2-96-20 something in Russian to you, listen carefully, smile politely and show them reality for they do not matter. Let them be. Fedir Hlukh, (Public Prosecutor of Ukraine: 29-67-41 (in Kiev) then compliment him on his excellent Ukrainian! I still can't If anything is to be suggested, it is not to go to this burlesque Poltava Party Oblast Committee: 34-18 forgive them the low blow they landed when a customs officer show it at all humanly possible. Vanish just before the bus leaves Ukrainian Press Agency (RATAU) in Kharkiv: 2-48-16 complimented me on my Russian when he knew damn well that I for the Society trom yourhotelroom and say that you forgot all Ukrainian SSR Supreme Soviet in Kiev: K3-10-01 was speaking Ukrainian. about the trip and feel really sorry that you missed it. Ukrainian SSR Supreme Court in Kiev: K3-03-04 5) We never tried this tactic, but it's always appealed to me. It Friend, you have just finished reading a practical manual on takes a lot of imagination, a stiff upper lip and natural acting how to help subvert the USSR, while enjoying yourself at the visit is to beat them at their own game, if they It is highly recommended that potential tourists do not the ability. The idea, again, same time. This "cookbook" has many shortcomings, but we editorial offices of the Shliakh Peremohy prior to leaving for the can play at being Communists, so can you. Carry a used copy of hope to improve it with time, to make additions and delete certain USSR. Your local KGB agent in Kiev may later ask you to explain Lenin or Marx around with you with the appropriate passages items. Many of you will treat this brochure as a joke and continue your presence there and demand that you sign a confession nicely circled in red, read upon the latest production figures (how to visit "the old country" just for the sake of visiting; others, 7 denouncing everything in existence. Besides, there is no purpose is manganese doing how is pig iron doing), learn a few hopeuflly, will come to the realization that Ukraine is not just in visiting the haunts of old nationalists whom you will probably recent Party resolutions, etc. Then play the role of the passionate another tourist trap, but is indeed a nation fighting for its very incensed with all laziness, find quite depressing .... Communist who's the inefficiency, etc. survival. It is to this second category that we hope to appeal and that's around. Be outraged at poor service (Leonid will hear about activate. For we deeply believe that it is too easy too futile to and this!) and any other examples of Soviet incompetence. Say things be a "good Ukrainian" in the west. You have been to numerous like "Polissya Oblast has fallen behind in sugar beet production gatherings celebrating past defeats — Kruty, THINGS GO BETTER WITH COKE Brody. etc. The this year. Have the Polissyans no pride?" But remember, don't do times are changing and celebrations of defeats are passe, this unless carry it through to the end and take the heat. Do not compare prices of cars, meat, pepsi cola, eggs and you can because if we are to exist, be a modern nation and, pardon the hassles aren't worth it if you buckle down standard in the US is higher and that The embarassment and time-worn nation, have shoes and brag that the living cliche, a sovereign we to confront reality, to someone who suspects you're a fake. everything is simply a matter of raising the production of and reality is Kiev, the KGB, Lviv, Tsurkan and Co. So. dear STUDENT: May 1979, Page 7 1

George Ryga on China: Part II A CHINESE LOOKING GLASS:

Student: One upheaval that is of particular interest in the - Student: think So you that many of the Maoists in Canada Ryga: Yeah, right. It's , a 16,000 year West is the cultural revolution. What were the long-term perspective. But are misinformed or have very unrealistic ideas of what China lost the focus on the purpose of the consequences of the experience the cultural revolution, negative and is all about? namely positive? to create a communist society. That was a attention, over and over again. Significantly, their r Soviet Union that Ryga: Well. I think they don't understand China. was they would never achieve cor Ryga: Quite damaging, negative. I think it was a reactionary phenomenon- think it ill-conceived. was I think the pressure to return to initial dogma Student: Why? Student: became a bit frantic, and when Mao called for the cultural revolution he was They understand it only as an abstraction? really trying to reduce it again to basic dogma, to a question of faith. He was Ryga: Because they were stuck in a socialist develo also trying to cul the question of morality down to a matter of faith. Ryga: That's right and they also know Mao's writings only through were frozen completely. They were no longer inten communist state. translation, and I don't know how well And the Chinese said one translatesany Chinese writings. I "we are not think it imposed period Student: Do you was simply an artificial, had a discussion with Dr. Wong [a guidej about this. You can takea piece of we are going through to communism." expression of writing thing; that the cultural revolution wasn't an and depending on what attitude of mind you approach it with, you

tensions existent in Chinese society? can be translating another language. I think that possibly many translations Student: What is the attitude of the Chinese of Mao are not that good. They were more cast in the Western expectation, the Soviet Union? Not the official govt

rather than dealing with . the Chinese. . Mao's parables that were designed representatives, but the ordinary Chinese Ryga: Well, the tensions were there. They always will in a country be as to excite interest and energy and self-respect in the Chinese peasant —

massive as that. I think there was a rising bureaucracy. I think that the when you read them in English they make very little sense. Because what's conditions that excited and fired the cultural revolution in Ryga: It was emotional. It were existence missing is a framework. How is this framed? The fable "The Old Man and the was paranoia, but it was yes. I just feel that the execution of the cultural revolution was a mistake, Mountain" still doesn't make much sense to particular skirmish has alot to do with racial histc me. Because of this: I don't prolonging it was a mistake because alot of people died. The schools were' examine the arguments they use — understand on what sort of foundation this kind of mystical story is built. for instance, closed so (here was a period of time when virtually everything came to territories by the Czarist that an Because the isolation of China from our part of the world has been so total. regime were never given impasse. The horrible thing about it is that the cultural revolution may have It's astonishing Soviets. There are manyargumehtsof this nature always to me, when I think back in retrospect, how it's on be gone beyond that and resulted in a quasi-fascist that it state. When you start. to possible to have a whole civilization so isolated from the rest of the world. seems these arguments are being constantl arrest a process of inquiry in that way and try to return to a simple truth O.K. —a very dramatic development takes place in the country — and then personally, that there was a deeper.underlying motiv again — which is a very emotionally charged issue and particularly involves of course is historical distrust. Probably the human tendency to try to understand and appreciate it and a resistance also to cerla the young — there is no line of demarcation at which you stop. Eventually it to try learn it. imposition. I think that and possibly from But I feel that that can be very faulty, the nuclear umbrella for defens becomes such an- overriding thing it that becomes a sort o'f because you're dealing with a society that for the last 4,000 years has had China by Stalin was resented by the Chinese b<

feudalists fascism. And I think thai the Chinese skirted very close to 2,000 years of slavery and 2,000 years ot feudalism. Directly out of this kind protectionism and a kind of paternalism which m that. Alot of the very good ialent in the country was injured, including olaxperience, historical experience, they moved standing arguments right back into locus one more tir Zhou intosocialistsociety. And En-Lai himself — he came under fire.. The current of because of this all program there are kinds of confusions. If the Industrial Revolution each other over alot. Some of the horror stories — the' industrialization would have been launched a least lour years earlier, as in Britain had taken a different course, then certainly aid coming into the country. One doesn't 31 we would have know how m E"" 1- already had the blueprint. But how £nou could you do this? Tied understood what was happening in China; but because the references we is now myth and designed to be propagated and chu ..mi the cultural revolution was not just a question of revolutionary purity. It use are so different, to say that I am a professed the interesting point at which it seems lo focus Maoist and this is that, I ev was a Maoist cult, with a peasant simplisticity involved it with that really had believe is nonsense. I revolution froze and don't think Mao's name should enter into it It's a the other one is still in a fluid stat no place that late in the structure of society. Now the average Chinese still deception. of course are using different routesto do il.Then the regards the cultural revolution as a necessity, and there is a certain dogmatic resistance of one idea against the other — reverence towards it Being an outsider I didn't feel that at all, because side is you full of I shit. think this has alot to do with it also, I could still see some of the damages of the cultural revolution, particularly in Student: What about the distortions that we get about what's pride, too. I think the Chinese would enjoy very much the universities where you run into aging professors during who the cultural happening in technological revolution, which is the new period th revolution China through the media here. A good had been out of work for two or three years. Out of contact^ they into, and beating the Russians to communism by the example is the present shift in Chinese were sent out to do feudal work and mining and various things, policy towards the other which think that's very active . Not competitiveness in any meant that their West: that's all being played up if period of research and personal development was cut. as the Chinese are a society evolving into the next stage. I think this They're paying for that. abandoning the road to socialism and becoming capitalist Chinese mind and I'm not so sure it isn't aconsideratioi roaders. How much of this misinformation do you think is giving, because recent events involving Cambodia wc deliberate? Soviets are interested in curbing that possibility. Nami Student: Do you think that Maoist cultism is being China putting alt of her energies into successfully combatted there? Have you noticed a industrial develop forcing the Chinese to slow down. pressuring C Ryga: I think alot of it is wishful fantasy. It's so difficult to understand By the difference in the two years between your visits to China? much more of their money in military expenditures, and about China, even if you were stationed in the place, say as a correspondent mc hardship. I think that the particular argument as to wh in the country. Because the contradictions in Chinese society are so first troubles the Soviet Ryga: Yes, for example Mao pins, which werestillavailableand communism leadership too. I th the little red enormous and so complex and so manifold. book of quotations, which in 1976 was becoming less and less available. taking place, alot -of 'subtle tensions -are involvec background that role in I — play conflicts. Remember that when was in China the first time it was two months before a the

Mao died. I tried to little get a red book and I finally located one in an Student: You've referred several times to the many con- obscure bookstore. It was a used copy, there were no new printings I out. tradictions of Chinese society, such as the way the old Student: Let's talk about the state of the art: did locate some Mao hats and tunic pins, those but were scarce. In 1978 I medicine functions alongside the new. Do you mean Did you, for instance have a chance to me couldn't find any at all. Also Chairman Mao's portraits, unlike the Soviet contradictions in the Taoist sense of balancing polarities? writers? Did you have the opportunity to Union where you have statues, where.Stalin allowed statues to be built — the cultism ot the Soviet Union in Stalin's period was deliberately cultivated way of Chinese art, theatre? the by Party brass — I only saw two slatues of Mao in China. They were Ryga: That's right. But you know we like to be channeled. In other words, we within institutional buildings; they were not on public display. The only one get on a track and then everv thing else has to fit around it. In other words, Ryga: I saw productions, yes. I heard their music. I als I saw in 1978 was the one in Mao's mausoleum, inside the building. So you theatre. treated of didn't it's the way our minds work — the so-called "scientific method" — which We were to alot graphic arts and what have those visible, concrete edifices hanging like icons in the can — the making of pottery, artifacts, weaving. be pretty unscientific. . So you work to prove a point or you work from My genei countryside. Yet the one thing that does exist are portraits of Mao. But since this was rather negative. I in an observation and everything falls around it. I think one gets misled about found that television and Mao's death, when Chairman Hua came in. first of all there were fewer this in China, because it's a turbulent society. There are different paces were probably making their greatest progress. But a 1 portraits of Mao around in China, the ones that remained were always of advance, there are different problems they run into — like the equalization had taken place. paired with an equivalent-sized portrait of Chairman Hua. So you reduce the icon by creating ot wealth which still hasn't been resolved and is becoming a problem now. another one opposite it and then you can reduce both You know, there are areas in China where the land is very lush, where of them in I they size. don't Ihink that the cult of the individual was that much of a Student: Under the rule of the gang of foui can produce four crops a year. There are also deserts in problem. I feel that the country, very, do Mao had outlived himself With Mao in China it's more of a deity very backward areas Because the policy of self-reliance, which is than a cull. The criticism of Mao — and there certainly will be di admirable, is now beginning to create inequalities in the countryside. Ryga: Yeah, I think that the gang of four had alot to some shaping up — will be restricted to only specific areas that were Because to be self-reliant under ideal conditions is one thing, what was really bad art. The Chinese opera, which obvious But I think that the "helmsman of the revolution", that particular and to be self- reliant under difiicult conditions is another. How this wealth Chang was very big on — to me that was the most disr place that he has in the Chinese mystique, will not be touched. is going to be re-distributed across the countryside is a problem — and I'm talking about the most extravagantly funded. Even now, the kind social wealth, of which there is an in costuming, the choreography — an enormous amoun! enormous amount China. . China isn't Student: the So respect will be there, but it won't be a borrowing abroad to rebuild its cities, to reconstruct its production to be spent on it. On what is essentially morality pla dogmatic to reproductions our "westerns" in American cul attempt apply Maoist ideas? facilities and its land. The Chinese are doing it out of this growing of North storehouse of social goodies and the baddies coming to a point of confli wealth. But the point is that I don't think the Chinese Ryga: have yet resolved, for the future, how they're going to equalize the economy winning — the only things missing were the white hats a No. and also in 1978 the daily paper no longer carried quotations of within the country. And you know we did run into areas where people were Maybe this is a transitional thing we're watching, a pre Mao on the I masthead. think they're being very tidy about it. obviously poorer in literacy — not literacy in the pure sense of learning to than other areas. This is what I mean by contradictions.

So that I think one has to be very fluid about it, one has to try to understand" literacy of appreciation. Student: I'm wondering in what historical context a certain experiment is taking how that bodes for Maoist qroupsr in place. For us to say well, the West ... there's been an overturn of leadership in China, or that a change in Student: Were there any indications that th direction is taking place — it's ridiculous because there are no abrupt about to take a new direction in their art? switches. I certainly felt this. People may disagree with one another about Ryga: Well, when I was there in 1976 we had two people who were avowed the pace, or how severe a turn may be taken in economic development, but Maoists in our group and they were the ones who had the most difficulty in there are no specific schools of thought about this. It's a complex, involving China. They were the ones who went through severe psychological'stress hundreds of ideas. Being interested in Ryga: No, I didn't see any break cultural development, I found myself away. There was nothi trying to fit their 'bonry to the reality I had the feeling that their in a finger at quagmire I my abstraction once got into that particular debate one day. It became and say — O.K. this is where they're going of what was happening in China had taken an entirely fighting different course from hopeless and I was trying lo find a way of how to get the hell out of that one the baddies through their art when there are n the reality ol China itself I know that on a number of I It's occasions they asked because found did not understand from what standpoint they were China. one of those contradictions. Because tl political questions, particularly to do with discussing the problems. The particular issue industrial bourgeosie. they had landowners. what the Chinese workers and revolved around what l That wa; peasants were studying, whai writings thought was a slavish kind of preoccupation landowning and the military. of Mao Ihey were involved with But with stylistics in graphic arts, These people have either t the Chinese were not into which did not reflect the totally absorbed the same writings as people from here. They accuralely turbulence and optimism one felt in the into the population, or have left the studied pragmatic literature streets. Well, I to a that you're talking - was treated lecture about a billion people: I what was applicable to the problems of about the necessity for good it would existence in this particular period. They were studying Leninism much discipline, training, and in fact the implied argument was that there was different if you had a small country of 2.000,000 peo| more So l think that this disturbed. nothing stylistics 50.000 or so that could what the Chinese referred to as the wrong with the atall.SopMwas responding to a political, be your potential I enemy. Bu bourgecs Maoists," cultural people who had access toall the economic resources social and developmental motivation that was very personally my Own. overkill. Two generations later, with that am ot our continent, the educational system and everything Trying to argue with people who obviously had quite a different there is no way that there could be a return to the else I think the position past experimentation that from was going on in China was what disturbed which they began made it difficult lo even consider the arguments, It would be a blasphemy, an outrage. So it kind of ti them I think that they expected a much more because they probably didn't understand Chinese had an opportunity now to drop all that the standpoint from I and dogmatic society even thouqh it which was isn t. For instance, it's not a evolving. problem else very quickly, society that's down on consumer production The same arose over the question of pace. It's kind of a because they have alot of other probl It s not like Eastern Europe where an item of clothing which you might wear frenzy in the Western world. What might take five or ten years should be The technological revolution is a big problem. Yet the becomes the centre of attraction the streets accomplished in a number of months. the shadow-boxing with a past that they've outlived m because it's not produced in But Chinese have a much more so rap: the country, virtually accurate concept of how fast thinqs fast the last 28 years have really 20 everything that we earned with us and virtually move, or how they should not be bridged only years in efft everything that allowed to move. art is like we have here, is available in China, soaps cosmetics museum pieces not well done with very lit wnstwatches emotions in it. - mind you. the luxury items are taxed, they're very Chinese music I found fascinating, bee: expensive to buy. structures. it, My impression was that there were more excellently Once one begins to listen to and by lis produced textiles starting to it. in hear it's exquisitely beautiful . China than I had seen produced Student: Their gr. anywhere else in the Because their sense of time is shaped world. Very fine textiles, bv their much of a art, personal goods -'that sort of thing historical scale? poster that or something very tradith Changshau I went to the museum of ancient art whet Page 8: STUDENT, May 1979 STUDENT interview by Jars Balan \SS: GEORGE RYGA'S ODYSSEY

16,000 year perspective. But in China they about haven't the time of Christ their painters were paintingabstractions lurpose of the experience they It's not as Ryga: Well, when you reached a commune are going through, if there was a frozen period of one school you could ask questions and get and there was nothing else and s raight mmunist society. That was always brought that answers. For instance, you could see a to my now you have to pick up on it and keep studying commune that was very it, keep doing it Their again. Significantly, close to a model but if ( their major criticism of the art history is you asked about another commune you would very complex, very beautiful and very rich. It find seems to me that it they out was a little low it would never achieve communism. they stopped level, that was not a particularly efficient one for with the Ming dynasty and they're still doing As the ravens and the contact with ordinary the Chinese, one has to remember that there is branches of trees. I think that the art a great community itself — the people deal of organization involved for a foreigner to travel to doing the creative work — are still far too much under the China because of hand of the old the population pressure. masters. Everything from being on time for meals to having a hotel room available for you, to transportation - all of these services are ire stuck in a socialist developmental taxed to the limit. process and Understanding that you begin to understand why there They were no longer interested in developing Student: has to be a y. a Do you think that exposure with the West considerable degree of organization to accommodate you, so the Chinese said "we are not. would that the whole This is a transitional help them in this respect? thing doesn't become chaotic. But one makes one's own time rough to communism." for contact with people. I used to take to the streets many, many times and go to political institutions. There was a problem with that Ryga: In a certain sense I think it because no matter would. I think that would help alot, but they >e attitude of the Chinese where you travel, even in Beijing you met towards also making the chances are that you will have to start the old masters accountable for their theories be ? Not the official surrounded by many people, almost instantly; government Chinese There was alot of respect shown to the watching how you use your old-timers and if it's deserved hands, jt the ordinary Chinese people. your purchasing procedures, how you dress. They're respect it's fine, but not always was it very curious deserved. I felt that there were some and they're curious because this old-timers who had really mediocre may be the f.rst time that they have seen an talent; they had such total control — outsider. Because people used to remark that, "well, it's happened so often because they were in charge of the work brigade in the — - It studio was paranoia, but it was also very brief. That in that surely they would have seen emotional and physicat terms, outsiders." But one of our guides said this over the studio. If you're 60 years of age alot (o do with racial histoty. One just has to and wasn't the case because there were alot you've painted for the last of people who came in from the 45 of those years, and somebody appears in they use — for instance, the conquest of the your countryside to do their shopping in department studio who's 17 and has to be taught stores. The chances of the regime that were never given how to hold a brush, well certainly average Chinese back to China by the bumping into a Westerner who travels their country are they're at a disadvantage. Certainly the prevailing school of argumehtsof this nature thought that small if you on both sides. The thing is consider it this way: of the 300 people who are watching you came through is going to be passed on to this particular in the juments are being constantly begged. person. But I department store, there may So I felt be one or two felt, for example, who would have seen a traveller that there wasn't enough outdoor work. There wasn't as a deeper, underlying motive it, from outside before — the rest behind based on of them wouldn't. I enough outdoor sketching going on. In remember asking Dr ably one studio they were painting off of Wong a resistance also to certain kinds of - once about what people were saying speeds of other art. when we were in a pharmacy They were duplicating it while outside there was a ie nuclear umbrella for defense that construction together and a group of Chinese was offered to were chattering in low voices It project where they were putting up a high rise wasn't a resented the just across the lane fromthe Mexican kind of curiosity by Chinese because it implied a that they had - there's no demeaning of studio. It was almost if this stature, as studio was so insulated that the high rise nd of paternalism which merely brought long- and if you smile there's a connection would be built, made right away. But they don't populated with people and humming with life, and that this it back into focus one more time. And they did fuck appreciate being photographed: once you bring the little studio would not even be camera out the crowd aware that it existed. Somehow the sounds, just disperses. ne of the horror stories — they talked about Soviet So it's not a thing to do in China, to photograph people the sights, and the upheavals taking place in the itry. world outside of the studio directly or without One doesnt know how much of this some preparation. But 1 argument gate, were asked Wong what people were having absolutely no effect on them. The old man should have saying ed to be because I could hear propagated and churned over again. But them chattering and I was certain that taken these students tp the mills, they fields, and construction projects, so that at were talking which it seems to focus eventually is that one about the group of us that was there. He said — "oh you don't least their mental lines of concept would be somewhat touched or altered really want to hear it," other one is still in a fluid state — and the But I said that I was really interested Chinese by this. "They're There is, for instance, a great deal of colour in China, very unusual remarking erent routesto do it.Then there is the theoretical, about the length of your noses." he replied! They weren't talking color at that, but it isn't reflected in the paintings. The paintings are still about our one idea against the other — in other words each clothes, or about the fact that we were buying up excessive using the colors used in the 17th century! I this don't know how this affects amounts of liquor has alot todowithitalso, I think there's a racial and cigarettes — they were comparing literature of us with because course I can't read Chinese, but there linese would enjoy very much getting were aspects of themselves saying "jeez those people have much longer through the similar noses than we situations that I saw in the opera and in i. is the theatre In a sense I have." which the new period they are now entering But you know, certainly it's the thing wherever you go the street suppose I'm sayi ng there's to a reactionary element in the arts that is dominant traffic just or ssians communism by the turn of the century. 1 slows down stops as people watch what you're doing. right now. So you Not try to make a pretense competitiveness in any narrow sense — just of not noticing when you look at somebody directly, the who just happens to be standing there, next stage. I think this is paramount in the there's that very human reaction of

"I'm sorry, I t so sure it isn't a consideration the Soviets are also wasn't staring at you." But the moment you turn away they're Student: One thing that's always struck is peering again. vents involving Cambodia would suggest that the me the fact that in But there is no sense of any hostility or any kind of pressure, the East you get people like except for Mao the I curbing that possibility. Namely, the possibility of and Ho Chi Minh — political numbers of people. went to a shop to buy some shirts one leaders — writing poetry. day. It was late lergies into industrial development: In other words There seems to be a merging of evening, around 10 o'clock, when generally everybody in the politics country and arts. has gone to bed already, I ow down. By pressuring the Chinese they involve What do you think that reflects about the and went to this clothing store and it was very busy. The Orient? clerk soon realized I military expenditures, and more of their people in what was after, even though I had no interpreter with me. Alongside of the particular argument as to which society achieves clerk was an assistant who's job it was s the Soviet leadership to examine the garment that you purchased for defects. In too. I think alot of things are other words it's Ryga: Well it's difficult to say. The most stunning poetry I came across in like your guarantee is issued reclaimed ubtle tensions ;are involved — usually in the and right at the shop! They check China — there is a publication of it coming out — were the poems of a role in the conflicts. every possible place for flaws in the garment and once it's turned over to En-Lai Zhou They'revery delicate, very beautiful works . . . you it's marked with a chalk mark that indicates it's passed quality control

But the thing was that I large had a jacket on and I didn't know where the bout the state of the arts in China today, dressing was. room Well, when I found it, there were about 20 Chinese who have to with Chinese Student: The idea of a Nixon or a Trudeau, either writing ce a chance meet were there and suddenly all of them were experts on fittings. One man poetry or painting ave the opportunity to see much in the seems an absurdity. behind me measured my shoulders with his eye and explained thalthis was

the width of my shoulders. It was if , theatre? as my body dimensions were communicated to the clerk by other shoppers in the store. When I got the

Ryga: Well it's I unthinkable, but the revolutionary heroes and leaders of garments wanted, I went back to the hotel to try them on and they all fit yes. I I heard I their music. also saw some of their China — don't know about Viet Nam — were put through the anvil of perfectly! It's that kind of curiosity that they have about you; the moment to alot of graphic arts and what we could call crafts experience and it realize that shaped the totality of the personality. They earned the they you're disadvantaged, that you need some help, it comes artifacts, , weaving. My general impression of all mantle of leadership; it all directions cost them alot. InMaoZedong'scaseitcosttheloss from instantly. I remember I was changing some money and it

I television found that in and in film making they of almost every member of his family. He literally watched his parents, was a bit complicated. A young school girl who had just arrived on the greatest progress. But a kind of stultification brothers, a sister, and a couple wives being slaughtered. At the same time scene immediately came out of the crowd. She spoke English and she was

he was helpless to do anything about it. And their deaths were directly going to translate right on the spot There were no moments when you were

attributable to him. The course in life stuck or stranded without assistance. I that he took caused the destruction of remember another time when I had

these people. The Chinese understand to get some medical supplies and I was trying rule of the gang of four? that and they justify it in a very to find penicillin in tab form, interesting way, which is so Chinese — they say. "yes he did lose his people, rather than in liquid. It was amazing — other people just coming with me but a " from to the trying he gained family one pharmacy next I of one billion There's a kind of transferral I think to solve my problem. Certainly would he gang of four had alot to do with it by praising with a leadership like that in very difficult times — poetically they have to have taken the liquid penicillin and given injections to myself; the only thing The Chinese opera, which annarently Madame come to was I didn't I couldn't reply to terms with themselves, otherwise I think they would just break. And know and get a my question as to the potency to me that was the most dismal art form and yet I this penicillin diluted critical, think they write a very different kind of poetry. I have a collection of Mao was to. That's and of course we hit a blank wall unded. Even now, the kind of sets they use, the Zedong's poems someplace, and while they're not morbid they're sure as because the pharmacists didn't know as it was simply a standard medical aphy — an enormous amount of attention seems hell not optimistic in a blind sense. There's a balance of realities — formula. There was another shopping excursion I was on, trying to get essentially — they're really lat is morality plays everything costs something. some paper for the typewriter. But the typewriter that was included in my sterns" in North American culture. You know, the room was of a certain kind that only took 8 l :"xll" sheets The paper that s coming to a point of conflict and the goodies was brought out to me at the store was in half meter square blocks — too missing were the white hats and the while horses. for large my machine. Two shop girls were called from the back and once I Student: So in a way the Chinese revolution has always been >al thing we're watching, a process of-developing 1 explained what I needed, they actually cut the paper for me with scissors the pure sense of learning to read and write, but something of a cultural revolution that's been holistic and This kind of courtesy and consideration I met everywhere in my travels in has involved the entire personality and not just the intellect. China. There are alot of other incidents I could relate to illustrate what I

any indications that the Chinese were Student: Well, I'm sure this discussion could go on and on — direction in their Ryga: Yes, We were on a train one afternoon art? and somebody pointed out that but then I guess that's why you 've written a book about your there was a Long March veteran aboard the train, I immediately left my China experiences. What's it called and when can we expect compartment to try to find this person. I assumed it was a man, and went to to see it on bookstore shelves? the dining break room and asked somebody to point this person out tome — and it away There was nothing that I could point was a woman. The veterans of the Long March are very revered people in it's called it t just ' the doesn dea) K this is where they're going to next. They're still Ryga: Well, Beyond Crimson Morning and China — they're treated with great reverance. But she wasn't sitting at a visits to China. Actually, it only deals with first trip there as I chose ugh their art when there are no Teal baddies left in with my table, she was in the kitchen dishes, helping the e contradictions. Because they didn't have an washing kitchen staff! She to isolate that experience in particular. Although my second visit was made was a passenger on train, to serve, that the but the condition — in alot I ey had landowners. That was the big problem — need even two years later. I felt that the country had changed in that period and

age. I ary old And when went to shake her hand she apologized that it was wet. didn't want to get Into that aspect of things. The book will be out m mid- . These people have either died off or have been A very shy, tiny, retired kind of person. afterthought one has in in population, or have left the country. Remember a In to gestate summer — it's being published by Doubleday simultaneously U S and over what this impression it meant. And what meant to me then was that it deals with ultimately are the impressions that I had from my it a billion people: it would be something quite Canada. What here was a personality that being selflesj. that until country of 2:000,000 people with a pocket of was so conditioned to first visit and the on-going dialogue 1 had with one ol the guides — some of her dying day she would be self less. And because of thatshe's aTiving relic that points where we could be your potential! enemy. But in China it's like a the coming togethers we achieved and also the of the revolution. She probably realizes it or it derations later, with that amount of population, instinctively, maybe was never close the gap. It also deals alot with one s own personal life, one's her, that for the explained to rest of her symbol I compantive thing which then icouldbea return to the past Absolutely no Wiy. days she would have to be a subjective responses and country do a of what that opening blast meant. To remind the young, the middle-aged, to triggers an insight into the way we are made up in this country, and how we ', an outrage. So it kind of troubled me that the remind everybody where she came from — that's role. role that she or that are similar. is illustrated with nity now to drop all that and go on to something her It's a do do not deal with problems The book

I don't think she consciously I e they have alot of other problems on the horizon, takes on herself. wakes up in the morning and photographs took in China.

considers — O.K. what good deeds will I do today. ition is a big problem. Yet they've absorbed with And that, thinking about Student: We'll took forward to reading it. Thank you for some it backwards, reflected alot a-bout the leadership of the Long March. These ist that they've outlived so rapidly. In other words. of of people were steel, possessing a kind of moral and physical toughness. your glimpses Chinese life with our readers. 1 1 bridged only 20 years in effect. So much oftheir es not well done with very little for the mind or George Ryga is a tusic I found fascinating, because of the melodic well-known Canadian novelist and visits it, Student: A question regarding your themselves: do qins to listen to and by listening to it, I mean playwright. His soon to be published book, Beyond the feel satisfied that had contact with ordinary :quisitely beautiful . Their graphic art is still too you you Crimson Morning, was mistakenly titled, Beyond the being shunted tat or something very traditional. In the city of Chinese, or did you feel as if you were around Crimson Curtain in the last issue of Student, Our apologies a museum of ancient art I discovered that where from one model commune to another? to Mr. Ryga and our readers for the error.

STUDENT; May 1979, Page 9 .

More political Dissidents

(continued from page 1) prisoners in

Yugoslavia Boris Melenchuk

Proportionally, there are more prisoners in Yugoslavia. In Croatia, went on to say. there were 201 political prisoners in Yugoslavia he politicals serving their sentence, than there are in the Soviet Union. At the present time, dissident another 127 waiting to serve theirs, additional circles in this country of twenty-one and an 180 who were prosecuted. This million, know of 800 political being number, prisoners, but many believe that the combined with the large number of serving political terms in actual number is as high as 1200. Croations the neighbouring republic of Therefore, if the estimate that Soviet Union has 10,000 political Bosnia and Herzegovina, seems to that nationalists prisoners behind bars is valjd, then indicate Croatian Yugoslavia clearly has a greater are the main target of UDBA's (secret police) Stalinist methods proportion of its citizens serving political sentences than its former (Croations are seen as the main ally. internal threat to Yugoslavia's-ex- This comparison is not meant istence) to belittle the difficulties that the The Tito regime, a self- opponents of the Soviet regime live appointed "conscience of Valentyn Moroz under, but to put into context the mankind", has relatively little dif- denial of human rights in socialist ficulty in convicting political Alexander Ginsburg Georgi Vins (before his imprisonment) Yugoslavia. Despite the increasing suspects: Evidence is readily political repression in this complex manufactured and the accused multinational state, most people sometimes "volunteer" to co-

still -cling to the belief that operate. The Yugoslavconstitution, Yugoslavia is a liberal, almost its fourth since 1945 and each one tinues to love his country, literature from Soviet prisons. He asa prerequisite to the cultivation of "the best in the world", contains a an western . society. Granted. "regardless of its government." and also indicated that he had expected a political climate favourable to Yugoslavia still has relatively open number of provisions such as hopes to "live long enough to see to be released for some time before easy acceptance of the SALT talks thus reluc- borders, nudist beaches and Levi Article 118 (similar to Article 70 in the time when the human rights it occurred, and had therefore been by the U.S. Senate, and is still ruled a the Soviet constitution) which make movement in the Soviet Union will reading and memorizing his tantly bowed to U.S. pressure. The jeans, but she by it a criminal offence to produce no longer be necessary." Dymshits, notebooks in preparation. character of the dissidents released party, the Communist League, that hostile propaganda, spread false particular interest to — "high profile", two Jewish, jealously guards it political monopo- if given the choice to stay in the Moroz isof one rumours or crack jokes about Tito's, Soviet Union, would have most Ukrainian groups in the West, one religious and one Ukrainian — ly- are not infrequent, marital difficulties. categorically refused — "I couldn't some of which have come to view seems geared towards the appease- Yugoslav officials, who political carry the of martyr for lobbyists in the somewhat more open than their Nineteen crimes bear it any longer. I couldn't bear him as a symbol and ment of some of the reluctantly death penalty. the anti-Jewish policy and the the cause of Ukrainian freedom Senate most troublesome to the Soviet counterparts, In practice, nonetheless, the Soviet approach to Middle East from national persecution under Soviets. admit that many political prisoners Yugoslav system remains policy." Soviet rule. Throughout Moroz's In effect, the exchange signals reside in the country's penal in- somewhat less harsh than the While their future still remains imprisonment many campaigns a tacit acceptance of pressure from stitutions. For instance, in mid 1977 Soviet. But this is hardly a consola- largely unsettled, the dissidents were waged in the west by these the West as a tool to affect Soviet Marko Bezer, the member of" the tion to someone receiving electric have indicated their immediate groups on his behalf, including a policy. It should not, however, be Executive Committee of the Com- addition to prolonged intentions. Ginsburg has accepted wave of hunger strikes by various viewed as an easing up by the munist League responsible for shock in solitary confinement in an unheated exiled Russian novelist Alexander Ukrainian Student Clubs across Soviets on the issue ot human internal security in the Socialist cell. offer to live on his in fall 1974 as a gesture of it probably won't be Republic of Croatia, stated that Solzhenitsyn's Canada . rights. And fifty-one acre Vermont estate "as ii solidarity with Moroz's first hunger repeated. there were some. 600 political Kuznetsov and . . coming home." strike. Dymshits are expected to emigrate Although his political persua- to Israel while Vihs will probably sion was evident in his published settle in the United States. Moroz works and in his statements, both has accepted Harvard University's during his trials and in prison, offer of five year's standing to Moroz has now clearly stated in the become a lecturer in history. He West that he is both a "Ukrainian also intends to begin writing im- nationalist" and a "traditionalist". mediately, while many of his ex- He describes his position periences are still fresh in his mind. metaphorically — if he will be Moroz has indicated that he fortunate enough to own an managed to smuggle out some of automobile in the United States, he his prison writings, despite a will eliminate all left turns. He also thorough pre-release search by firmly supports the recent election Soviet authorities. He claims that he of Margaret Thatcher's Conser- had refused to leave prison without vative government in England, the 122 notebooks accumulated since this will insure that England during his latest term, and had to be will not become a "half-Marxist" physically removed from his cell. country, Moroz is currently being When queried by reporters in the materially cared for in the United United States as to how he manag- States by the Ukrainian National ed to bring out some of his work, Association. Moroz refused to reveal the method Most observers see the

for fear that it may then fail to work prisoner exchange as an effort on for other dissidents. He did indicate the Soviets' part to bolster the

that prison guards themselves often acceptance ol the SALT II accords aid in the smuggling of dissident — the Soviets viewed the exchange

OTTAWA — On Sunday, 15 April, less than two weeks before his unexpected release and on the day of his 43rd birthday, the Soviet Embassy in Ottawa was the site of a demonstration in defence ot Valentyn Moroz. The demonstration was organized by the Committee for the Defence of Valentyn Moroz (Toronto). Over 300 demonstrators came from Toronto, St. Catherines, Hamilton and Ottawa to protest the imprisonment of the Ukrainian dissident. In addition, there were about 25 Ottawa and RCMP officers on hand lined up in front of the Embassy. Much of the relief of the police, the demonstration proceeded peacefully. Throughout the demonstration, Ukrainian protest songs were sung along with loud chants and continuous placard waving. Moroz (continued from page 1)

about the nature of such work. Most affairs), not so much because of West and in the Soviet Union, it important, they must maintain a their desire and convictions-, but would be foolish to expect broad and open perspective. It is because they increasingly become otherwise, since their views encom- unfortunate that in the past many psychologically and/or financially pass a wide range of political energetic and well-meaning ac- dependent on the organization. philosophies. However, one can Ukrainian tivists in the community Such a situation is healthy neither only hope that it will be possible for have become involved in a given for the individual involved, nor for* those holding democratic convic- organization or faction to the extent the community. tions to eventually arrive at a Edward Kuznetsov (left) and Mark Dymshits wave to continue working that they for the It is inevitable that there will be common platform regarding op- crowd in New York's Dag Hammarskjold Plaza. organization (and often lose a disagreements between Moroz and positionist currents in the Soviet broader perspective on community other Ukrainian dissidents in the. Union.

Page 10: STUDENT, May 1979 An intimate look at Ted Woloshyn On top of Toronto

Oddly enough Woloshyn's introduction to broadcastino But all this only tells half the story about was on television and not radio. did Ted Woloshyn, He a phone-in show for a and it's not even the most entertaining part. For a glimpse of cable company in west end Toronto in the summer of 73 that the other half you have eventually got him an hour-long to tune in to Q-107 at 10 p.m. on variety show that he co hosted Sunday nights when Woloshyn co-hosts, with friend Ron with a friend for the same outfit, Graham T V Called Bruchal, a show that is known the 'Ted and Rich Variety as "The Comedy Bowl". This Hour." j ts highlights were hour-long slot of orchestrated appearances by happy hooker Xaviera hilarity features cuts from Hollander ex-Arqo Bill comedy albums and recordings made at local clubs Symons and broadcaster JohnBadham, As Woloshyn promoting wrvlv Canadian talent In addition notes it won the cable to this and other assorted company's own award for the best madness, the show also airs interviews with big variety show, narrowly beating out "The Maltese " name comics Hour and announcements about His introduction to radio acts and comedy happenings was at Senaca Colleqe in Toronto where he around town. This blend of news, gossip and entertainment took three-quarters of a year of something called Applied seems to have found the funny bone of Toronto as a recent Communications". Woloshyn didn't bother BBM survey listed it as the completing the first year of the second most popular spot in itsslot course because he fell it would on Sunday night in the be more valuable to city. The success of the show, which is get experience in the field His first break heard by some 34,000 listeners, came in March of 1974 when has prompted the Q-107 r he landed a |ob at CHIC in the management to move bedroom community of The Comedy Bowl ahead one hour to Brampton, working the midnight to 6 ten o'clock in the hope of it reaching an even bigger a.m. shift six days a week for a paltry audience. take-home pay of S74 This of course tickles Woloshyn pink, because if Then in September of the same year he there is one managed to get hired thing he loves more than on as the Top 40 format radio it's comedy and everything dee-jay at CHEX radio in Peter- associated with it. His dedication to his borough, "on top of Television own comic career, and Hill." CHEX is part of the late to the serious business of comedy itself, is quite unfunny and Lord Thomson's fleet of radio and televis.on _ stations and it no less purposeful than his dedication to radio. Once again he followed a "block format" that somehow managed tocombme has patiently served an apprenticeship to achieve a modest everything from country and western to the CBC Woloshyn level of success as a did the comedian, and he is prepared to work fast-talking AM dee-jay shtickiot the high-school set even harder to go beyond the loyal following after school was out. he has already He established in Toronto. endured Peterborough until January of 1976 when he As Woloshyn puts it his first showbiz was found work at an Adult Top 40 job entertaining station in Montreal — "heavier the captive audience on the of his family, who to this day continue to gold and less repetition of hits" — called CFOX. He suffer his bad jokes and pranks. In his own words the pay was vividly remembers the day when he arrived in fun city then bad "dobrovitniy busily — datky" — but that was because he had Ted Woloshyn paying out bribes in preparation' for the Olympics: a poor management in his young days. Still, it didn't take him bomb blast killed two people and everything was paralysed by long to outgrow the small one pond of his family and the still of the worst storms of the year." Not surprisingly he only smaller pool of histnends, and soon he inflicting The alarm clock rings shortly before five in the morning; if lasted was his biting four months in Drapeau-town, being a true-blue he slept brand of humour on anyone .who hasn't through it he reaches over lo the night table and Torontonian came within range ol his at heart. But he does miss being able to have a without thinking turns it off few wagging tongue. In particular he rose to unprecedented A minutes later the telephone beer with the breakfasts he'would devour on his way home heights beside his bed rings — it's the night man at the station telling of insanity for his fellow inmates at Saturday Ukrainian from working the graveyard shift Mostly, though, he missed him it's time to school on Bathurst Street, where he retired several hapless get up and get cracking Twenty minutes later his family and friends m Toronto. it's the night man again, teachers before his career was abruptly ended when he was making sure that he's gotten out of Thus he decided to leave Montreal and take his chances black-listed every single bed. Around five-thirty he steps out of his apartment and into by Narodna Shkola within driving on finding a job somewhere in the Golden Horseshoe, distance of Mississauga, Ontario. his car, and shortly afterwards is rolling down the Gardiner although no positions were open at the time. At first the best he From these Expressway, is humble beginnings Woloshyn.soared to ever- where the traffic still light Minutes later he could do was collect pogey and work part time at CROC in greater heights, reaches his destination at Yonge comedic landing his first paying job as a and Bloor, parking his car at Hamilton. The months passed slowly and uneasily. Histather comic emceeat a cultural emporium (read 1 a nearby lot before being whisked up to the thirtieth floor of the strip-joint) called' chided him, questioning the wisdom of his decision: "Why building where he works. Starvtn Marvin's, where he introduced the "dancers" and don't you get a real |ob, and forget this radio stuff?" And then ducked insults and other Hying objects hurled by the On the job anywhere from five to six to five minutes after, the break came The CRTC announced the licencing of a new frustrated he's patrons there. Gradually, he began to find jobs on the air almost as soon as he gets there. He clears his FM station, that and meant jobs Woloshyn took his place in performing throat, inhales at stags, and doing gigs like the world-famous deeply on a cigarette, sips on a coffee and then line, and was picked to work part time. With his toe in the Peterborough Police Variety Show. sends his voice beaming out across Toronto. he More recently he has As speaks he station it didn't take him long to get the rest of his foot in. worked the Miss Nude Ontario Pageant, the looks out over the almost empty streets of the city, with Yonge Brunswick.House Throughout all these changes in location, Woloshyn was Wet T-shirt conlest, and a single s festival that bombed out al disappearing below him amid the buildingsdowntownandthe also undergoing several changes in name. In Brampton and the Hotel Toronto. Don Valley Parkway merging with the haze over Scarborough. In between these triumphs he has Peterborough he was known as Ted Walker; in Montreal Ted introduced some of the big-time comedians when they Somewhere in the west end a radio alarm clock clicks in, and have became Jeff because another disc was already using played in town, presenting Bill Cosby when he performed at another hand reaches from beneath wrinkled covers to turn a the name. At CKOC he was Ted Walker again, "playing all the the CNE. and other household-name comics. blaring radio down. For a moment the two are electrically hits, all the time." Now at Q-107 he was Woloshyn once more, connected, Along the way Woloshyn has also found time to do some the voice and rhe semi-conscious hand, and then thanks to an innovative and progressive move on the part of serious comedy work as well, appearing on the Bob Maclean. the woman sinks back deep into her pillow voice is A telling the management Generally in radio any names with more Al Hamel and Gene Taylor shows on television, and doing her it's a beautiful day before sliding into J.J- Cale's song than two syllables are "uncool" oecause the object is to one-night stands at Yuk-Yuk's. the Flamingo, and Margaret Cocaine. She blinks at the ceiling, pulls the sleeves bunched of create a faceless identity that masses of people easily can Trudeau s old hang-out, the El Mocambo. He has organized her night dress down, and then remembers her appointment. latch onto. Thus bland, non-ethnic "handles" are the norm. and participated in showcases of local comedy talent another day in Toronto begins . . . And so But at Q-107 you have Italians and Ukrainians working sponsored by Q-107. and he has been to Los Angeles and Los A scene from his youth, a snapshot memory of family: it is alongside the Smith's and the Jones's, almost like it is in the Vegas several times to check out the comedy scene down morning and my aunt is trying to wake him up and is getting real world. Truly one small step forward for humankind. there Although he would like to be able to work at some point very frustrated by the lack of response. The calls from the in the U.S.. he has no intentions of ever abandoning Toronto: kitchen grow louder and more intense. "I'm awake, I'm awake," "What, and miss the Argonauts losing to Hamilton!" he mumbles dimly from his room. Once again a voice calls up Despite the time-consuming effort of trying to maintain the stairs — "Dozyo it's already after eight! You'll be late for two careers — he spends as much time on the phone as most school" Still there is only a mumbled reply. The next time the people spend in bed — Woloshyn still manages to keep both of voice calls to him it seems louder and is getting angry. "I'm his feet on the ground by doing a regular round of charity already up! he shouts in reply, though he has hardly even benefits and work within the Ukrainian community He has moved and has yet to open his eyes. Then suddenly he feels served as the emcee for the Lviv pavillion for several years ; the blanket being torn off of him, the blast of cool air jerking during Caravan. Toronto's annual multicultural extravaganza, him upright in bed to find his mother glaring menacingly down and he expects to do other work ol a similar nature in the years at him. I shuffle by his door on my way to the bathroom, trying to come. He admits, however, that he finds Ukrainian to ignore the tense confrontation; then his sister and brother audiences "difficult to play to. which is strange because burst out laughing. Soon my aunt is laughing too. the agitated they're such partying people. " But you can be sure that he will situation having taken a comic turn. he But fails to see eventually find the right Kapoosta and Kobassa combination anything humorous in the matter as he it all takes in through to make you forget that you ever heard of Nestor Pistor his sleep-fogged eyes, and flops back on the bed, as if he had But all of these details are far from his mind when he gets been suspended on strings, the moment his mother leaves the into the elevator every morning on his way to his broadcast room booth on the thirtieth floor of the Bay Centre at the heart of Ted Woloshyn has always hated mornings and probably Toronto. If he's not halt asleep he's probably trying not to will, especially if he's been out the night always before remember that he used to have such a bad case of acrophobia partying or visiting with friends. And he's always been a heavy that he would freeze if he went higher than the fourth floor. He sleeper — one of those people you want to kill when can't you still is a white-knuckle flyer who must steel himself with after they've asked to get them up you wake them at a specific several drinks or other intoxicants before boarding an ironic time. That's why it's'deliciously that he should work as airplane. the morning at Toronto s youthful FM station, man Q-107 And that's the final irony that makes this piece complete doing the 6-1 0:30 slot five days a week for love and for money, not only does he hate getting up m the mornings to work his 6 plays album-oriented rock aimed at almost the 0-7 same a.m. shift as a radio announcer, he also must work (rom a exclusively served during it's 14- audience that CHUM-FM has studio that provides him with a floor-to-ceiling view high year reign the hip of the city. CILQ, as it is formally as voice above Toronto. In his own inimicable words he explains the known, is trying to give a run for it's money, though it CHUM paradox this way: "I overcame my (ear of height because of my should be pointed out that radio stations never go broke. greater fear of lack ol money.' That's Ted Woloshyn, from is on Goliath. Woloshyn part of the David team taking the top of Toronto. And although he hates working mornings he isn't complaining because just a short time ago he was but another Jars Balan voice in the wilderness of professional broadcasting, happy to ' work anywhere in the media he loves. He joined CILQ in May of 1977. when it first took to the airwaves. After doing the morning slot on weekends for awhile, he moved up to the weekday shift and has been there ever since. That's where you can find him, come rain or shine, five days a week with a simple twist of your radio dial.

STUDENT: May 1979, Page 11 Annual Institute Exchange Toronto scene of national

student gathering Brad Cherkas

offered its par- "Excursion 79". held in Toron- Canada an opportunity to interact Vladimir's Institute, in the ticipants a variety of activities. A this to 23-25 February, proved lo be an with each other. Participating Calgary — The Calgary Club year experienced form of leadership in the Ukrai- expedition packed with adventure exchange were St. John's Institute debating competition, unique among Ukrainian Student Club circles. As there were no ' Institute nian language, was won by the at the beginning tor all its participants. (Edmonton). Mohyla presidential candidates of the year, the club decided to while Saska- The event was this year's "An- (Saskatoon), St. Andrew's College Toronto delegation, institute a collective executive and to share responsibilities equally Vladimir's the drama competition — nual Institute Exchange", which (Winnipeg), and St. toon took among executive members. At times this new approach was confusing, since it had the only annually offers occupants of Ukrai- Ukrainian Institute (Toronto). by default, especially since members were all accustomed to a hierarchical St. event for the second nian student residences across The Exchange, hosted by entry in this structure, and at times communication suffered, but theexecutive all felt consecutive year. Many sporting a greater cohesion and each member had more room for creativity and events, such as bowling, curling, initiative. volleyball, chess, backgammon, The club is thankful for the support and contact received from a and basketball were held as well. number of Edmontonians, namely Irka Scharabun, Jimmy Carter, and The biggest upset was in men's Myroslav Bodnaruk (this cowboy city can be a lonely place lor those basketball, where, after seven years interested in expressing their ethnicity). Also very much appreciated as underdogs, Saskatoon came was the Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies' lecture series which through with a highly energized proved to be both stimulating and informative. One of the outcomes of victory over Edmonton and Toron- this series was that "regulars" developed new contacts and a to. The Exchange concluded with a social/intellectual interaction unique to Calgary. Saturday evening banquet and The Club's major focus was the support and promotion of this after- dance, Sunday Mass and an lecture series, but it also organized many social and cultural events. Of noon concert, which consisted of a these, the Malanka and the Ukrainian radio program were most drama and a wide variety of songs worthwhile. The Club attempted to host a traditional Malanka, through and dances. research into ancestral customs, and was pleasantly surprised to find The Exchange's cultural and that most people found a different type of partying refreshing. An aura brought together athletic events of generosity permeated the atmosphere making it a truly shchedriy about one hundred students from vechir. Thanks to all who contributed to the event, especially Mrs. across Canada, all of whom shared Shyba, who donated a box of ceramics, and Bohdan Bahniuk, who in the programs, songs and dances, donated the kovbassa. The radio program moved from a Wednesday Solidarity across the country: (L to R) Nestor Shapka, St. and ail of whom sincerely thank St. morning slot to prime time during the winter semester, and became John's Institute; Eugene Shwed, St. Vladimir's Institute; Vladimir's Institute for hosting "Ex- coupled with a French-Canadian program. So the University of Calgary Institute; Taras Maluzynsky, St. 79"! Melody McLean, Mohyla cursion had its first ethnic programming.

Andrew's Institute. The final events of the year included a Pysanka Day on 1 April, and a year-end bash on 21 April. Both were quite successful. Anna Radio Immersion Course Executive Member Edmonton: On Friday 27 April, followers ol the Ayatollah Carter gathered to celebrate the end of the year. About 200 people paid five dollars each to wriggle to the fine music of "Dumka", and get blasted. In Ukrainian The social was a success, but not all is play in Edmonton. The Executive of the club has already been working on next year's cultural workshop, the sequel to this sear's which will be appropriately called "You are what you Culture (II)". Two organizational meetings have been held to date Saskatoon July 1 — August 3, 1979 for the workshop, planned for 5 - 8 October 1979.

Montreal: McGill University after a period of more than two years of A language program, unique on the North American continent, takes place in inactivity now has a new and energetic club, with a membership of over Saskatoon this summer. The program is a total immersion course in Ukrainian for high 40 people. The annual meeting held on 14 March elected a new school students. executive with M. Pasternak as president. One of the first goals the club will Young people who wish to improve their speaking knowledge of Ukrainian has set for itself is to aid in the organization of the 20th SUSK Congress, enroll in the program which takes place at Mohyla Institute for a five week period from to be held in Montreal August 23 - 26. Now that this club has been re- - July I August 3, 1979. activated, we hope that Regin and Victoria will soon follow suit. Optimum opportunity to learn is provided through the creation of a totally Ukrainian environment. Students are accommodated at beginners, intermediate and advanced levels. Staff members will be with the students at all times to act as speaking models, and assistants. Student The program includes formal classes using the audio-visual approach, which will

give students credit standing in Grades IX, X, XI, or XII Ukrainian. Supplementing this . is a variety of cultural and recreational activities. The activities include folk arts Press dancing, singing, bandura playing, music appreciation, films, Fund workshops, Ukrainian guest lectures, discussion groups, drama, tours and sports. (contributions this month) An interesting feature is the attendance of one or two 15-17 year old Ukrainian students from Europe or South America who do not speak English, and attend the $100: McMaster Ukrainian Students' Association 10: In course, not as instructors, but as full participants. This has the very practical effect of Memoriam: W. Hryhoriak 6: E. encouraging everyone to learn to use Ukrainian in order to develop friendships with Meheriuk the foreign visitors. 5: V. Rudewych 2: I. Gordiew The Ukrainian Total Immersion Summer School is in its fifth year of operation. It 1: has drawn participants from as far afield as Victoria, B.C., Montreal, P.Q., and J. Smolny California, U.S.A. Send all contributions to: Anyone who has completed grade eight (elementary school) may attend. Application forms and information are available from Mohyla Institute, 1240 Student Temperance Street, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0P1. 11246 - 91 Street Edmonton, Alberta Canada T5B 4A2

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The Journal of Ukrainian Graduate Studies is the official biannual publication of the Canadian Institute of Ukraiman Studies-Subscriptions $5.00 c/o Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures University of Toronto, Toronto. Ontario. M5S 1A1

Issue No. 6 has just been rel *ased Contenls include: Serving The Best i n Toma Pryimak "The First All-Ukrainian of M. Congress Soviets and its UKRAINIAN FOOD Antecedents" We alio nerve some Italian & Canadian favourite dtihei. Borys Martos "Pershyi Vseukrainskyi Selianskyi Zizd"

Olha Andriievsky "The Triumph of Particularism: The Kuban Cossacks, 1917 "

Nestor Makuch "The Influence of the Ukrainian Revolution on Ukrainians in Canada, 1917-22"

luri Shevelov "A Linguist's Observations on Ukrainian History" 231-7447 Edward Kasinec "Some Paradoxes of Ukrainian Bibliography and its 5245 Dundas St. West Critical Tasks"

Page 12: STUDENT, May 1979 SUSK-SUSTE Letters (continued from 2)

munity leaders, is laudatory, - I do , not possess the dimension, and travel agreement - have on occasion taken a verbal ' swipe at our community pillars. - They are at their obsequious best, On the 'Banderivtsi" , - when dealing . to Ottawa. I recently learned that the Ukrainian Cana- in works Dmytro Jacuta . dian Committee (UCC) National ' - Headquarters in Winnipeg, issued a '. directive warning all ? - organizations The Ukrainian Canadian tion and entertainment. Students and individuals to butt out of trying - to "", speak to the Students' Union (SUSK) wanting hard-to-obtain , Government on and the information - issues Federation of Ukrainian Student on Ukrainian communities and '- affecting the Ukrainian com- . munity. No Organizations in Europe (SUSTE) organizations in various cities will ^ one may deal with l de '- Ottawa or Queen's Park have agreed to without act as coordinating be able to obtain it through the . ' prior bodies ' clearance from that will re Bandera' - UCC. One facilitate the travel SUSK or SUSTE offices. Also, - voice, one point of view only, of Ukrainian students in Canada students will be able to inquire - and Europe. about being billeted with . tolerated by "Big Daddy" in Win- Ukrainian SUSK families - nipeg, How asinine! president Dmytro Jacuta while travelling, which , , - Strybunetz, I cannot and SUSTE president Volodymyr offers the dual advantage of saving , explain , the gross misrepresentation Stu- Lyczmanenko, following Lycz- money and meeting Ukrainian - dent readers manenko's in (- received from SUSK. I visit to Canada last fall, students other parts of the world. (). don't know which have completed an agreement to Students wanting to stay with or part of your statement clarification ', you ask of? I cooperate in the of meet other students can 1959 area student now do so ). ( " do know, that it was truly "The travel. Lyczmanenko, who is from with greater facility. - England, Congress of 'free' Ukrainians"! met many Ukrainian Students who are members of (1946), - They certainly students SUSK or " were "free" to through SUSK while in SUSTE can make inquiries - in , engage fruitless - and time Canada and had meetings with the about travel in Canada and Europe con- , suming dialogue. Butthenwhatcan SUSK through National Executive in Ed- the following people: - , monton. , . one expect from time hardened - community leaders, pensioners for Although SUSK and other Dmytro , , Jacuta - the most part and 'zasluzheni' Ukrainian student organizations SUSK President : have "", "diachi" with nothing better to do not been able to establish 11341 - 91 St. ( - 1979 p.). than blow over Si 50,000 collectively travel exchange programs, this Edmonton, Alberta " - in vain. I love New York! agreement may be a step towards a T5B 4A2 , I would consent to explain larger - student exchange program. , SUSK's inactivity in the last few Presently - SUSK and SUSTE will Volodymyr Lyczmanenko if years — I believed it. While SUSK facilitate the travel of students in SUSTE , President may not be demonstrating or Canada and Europe by providing ". 25 Minster Rd. holding vigils, it is putting out an information on, among other London NW2 3RD excellent newspaper. I believe, things, accomodation, transporta- England . More from Nestor S. communicating is as important to , our community as any other activi- ty. Student may soon, be the only Strybunetz is a peaceful prairie , (- Ukrainian paper, worth reading whale! Somewhere in the vast , This is evidence enough of SUSK's ): subterranean sea. beneath northern activity. 1) " Alberta, he swimsin splendid isola- But enough over the fence tion. - polemics. I'm coming West, to the - Isolation breeds parochial Professional and Businessmen's thought, and Strybunetz betrays , Convention in Edmonton. I believe, his! that in addition to Student, this is course review of the ' 01 a one other group worth associating - Ukrainian performance of ..." with. Most of the Clubs from but organizations is needed, only Campbell River, B.C. to Halifax, are 2) " for our archives! No amount ol , doing a terrific job tor their , , , critical analysis of their perfor- members and communities Why - mance, will change or influence the don't you, Strybunetz, come to the ..." obsequious, sometimes un- "Big Apple" of Canada on Victoria educated and unrealistic behaviour Day weekend and join me in a battle of our establishment organizations. - of Lowenbrau. You'll know me by So swim on Strybunetz. don't waste - the company I keep! It's been fun. : endeavour! , your time, on this Fraternally, . self-control, Strybunetz, Your Nestor S. when dealing with self-styled com- .4 , Ottawa, Ontario

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Garlic Zupa Vh qt. vegetable broth 1 lbs. olive oil Send us your treasured recipes! bay leaf 1 head garlic, broken into cloves and peeled (about 16 cloves) % tsp. thyme Garlic Recipe Contest pinch of sage SEMEHEN c/o Student 1 cup thinly sliced vegetables (carrots, sweet peas, potatoes, zucchini, etc.) - Street 11246 91 1 cup cooked rice FOODS Edmonton, Alberta Combine all ingredients except rice and Canada T5B 4A2 CO. LTD. simmer slowly for 30 to 45 minutes. Discard all garlic cloves and the bay leaf. Add rice ana serve. SERVING TORONTO AND "Garlic, the taste that terrorizes so many (This broth, minus the rice & veggies, if also an excellent base for sauces, nssotos, VICINITY people when the pungent little bulb is raw. becomes gentle, delicate, even meek, when and cream soups.) FOR OVER 20 YEARS simmered slowly in a broth ... Bring together all your courage and do it ..." from The Vegetarian Epicure

STUDENT: May 1979, Page 13 Dmytro Jacuta Farky SUSK President SUSK President's Message

moment is how to best use the The end of exams is a lime ol successful National Congress in present upward cycle in our activity partying ritually celebrated by all Montreal, August 23-26. Inactivity to add an element of permanent students. For SUSK it is also the among those members of SUSK stability to our organizational struc- transition period between that stage who had originally wanted to regretful ture so that the transitory nature of of our activity which is marked by become active, is the only of eight our membership and cyclical trends the school year, and that which observation I have the last National of activity are no longer a problem occurs during the summer. It is months since the for us. This will be one of the issues usually during the summer that Congress in Winnipeg. The excuse often that facing the delegates to the 20th most SUSK members finally find the for inactivity is most or a National Congress this August. The time to initiate and execute projects SUSK is either "too political" theme of the congress will be which have been put off during the "bit too much to the left, even related to the stucture of SUSK and year because of the constant anxie- though your activities and of its I the social organization ty of course work. Whereas during newspaper are very good." But, as membership. This will be in addition the school year one goes to classes have stated since the beginning of number of special workshops and has readings and assignments the year this excuse is not real. to a on culture, and sessions on ethnici- in the evenings, the summer is Moreover it is an ideological argu- any ty and the mass media. A specific limited only by the hours one is at ment which no longer serves issue which is already leading to a work, having the rest of the time purpose. InMontreal it was used for major debate, is the establishment relatively free. Although there area over four years and as a result no existed of an independent relationship lot of people who work vigourously Ukrainian student clubs between SUSK and Student. for SUSK (and Student) during the there. A whole generation of Ukrai- There are a lot of opportunities school year, it is the many new faces nian students had passed through to become involved in SUSK ac- which appear at the beginning of university without the continuity of tivities. However if you can't the summer holidays that have Ukrainian communitylife offered by active on a committee, or traditionally been the strength of SUSK. Only then was the ideology become help in the organization of the SUSK summer projects. superceded by a climate of com- congress, or write articles for Stu- Clearly the gains in the last year munity support for SUSK. The dent, there is one other alternative. in terms of our activity, re- ideology had served as an excuse the weekend of the organization of inactive clubs, and for inactivity by students and was Showing-up on National Congress in Montreal diminishment of the financial debt acceptable to their parents (if not could be a lot of fun, as well as an of the past several years can only be imposed by them). "Originally I was planning to be a mother, but then I changed my mind continued next year by a strong The excuse no longer exists. important experience. See you and became a father instead ..." showing through the summer, and a The challenge facing SUSK at the there.

Selo 79 FOR MORE INFORMATION WRITE: Because Culture is for Living Selo This year's Selo will take place at St, Sophie's camp in the Laurentian - Ave., Mountains, an hour's drive north of Montreal. The sessions will run from clo 13904 52 August 8th to the 29th and will feature courses in Ukrainian Experience, Music Edmonton, Alberta., Appreciation, Literature, History, Language and Political Awareness. Instruc- T6M 0P8 tion will also be provided in Dancing, Tsymbaly, Pottery, Decorative Arts, Weaving, Embroidery and Bandura. CANADA

Best wishes for continued success in Student Summer School at WILLIAM T. PIDRUCHNEY - St. Andrew's College in Winnipeg

1330 ROYAL TRUST TOWER EDMONTON CENTRE July 2 — EDMONTON T5J 2Z2 August 2, 1979 TEL. 426-6290 Ukrainian Cultural ( ) Program Savings (Life Insured to $2,000) For young people 13 to 18 years Loans (Life Insured to $10,000) ' of age. Chequing Service — No Charge Registered Retirement Savings Plan The program includes Conversational Ukrainian, Travellers' Cheques Choral Music, Choir Directing, Dancing, Arts and Crafts, a Guaranteed Term Certificates History of Ukraine and of Ukrainians in Canada, and Religion. Group discussions, field trips and community OFFICE HOURS singing will form part of the program. Ukrainian Language Classes for grades9, 10, 11 and12, Mon.-Tuea. - 9:30-12:00. 1:30-5:00 accredited by the Department of Education, will be available Wednesday - 1:30-5:00. 7:00-9:00 for those who wish to attain such credits. Thurs.-Fri. - 1:30-5:00 For additional information and application forms phone Saturday - 10:00-1:00 269-3565 (area code 204), or write to:

St. Andrew's College Ukrainian (Edmonton) Credit Union Ltd. University of Manitoba 10850 - 97 Street 475 Dysart Road Edmonton, Alberta Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada T5H 2M5 R3T 2M7

Page 14: STUDENT, May 1979 : QUIZ Which of these is important in (continued from page 4) terms of , , , SUSK activity and should be discussed at ,. , the SUSK National Congress in Mon- — , —," , , treal, 23-26 August 1979. (check more ", "- . "." "; "" , than one). ' . - 1 . , social activity - - , , , cultural activity . 2. : ,, , , political activity — . ,, : national unity 3. ? - , ethnic mass media , - ?. club development ,,,. bilingual education . - Soviet dissidents . multiculturalism "" , , ,- .. - , ., Ukraine , , ,. , - Moscow Olympics . , leadership ,. - . , - seminar ( .) intercultural action ., - . ethnic elites , , - . , fund-raising ., - , Ukrainian professionals , . , .', "". UCC/UCCA/WCFU/CESUS . , , , ".- Ukrainian youth organizations . " "": multicultural youth organizations . "" - , . a religious organizations , ., . , , community organizations , , , - Ukrainian music . "" - — . ' Ukrainian dance , , — ,, SUSK constitution "", - other (please specify) — — : , , Please , clip mail ., . and completed form to: — — , - ,"" . ... . SUSK, 11241 91 St. ., •Edmonton, Alberta : , , : . T5B 4A2

MOROZ IS FREE! OREST P. S. MULKA, CLU

MKUIDt, MILLION DOLLAR ROUND TlBLC shouldn't you read 13O0 royal Bank BuiLDtNd Edmonton, Albert* T3J 1X7 Report From The Beria Reserve Nev York Life Insurance Co. telephone (403) 428-1033

an english translation of Valentyn Moroz's protest writings It takes more than (Toronto: Peter Martin, 1974) for a limited time theory to start SUSK will mail this book to you for the a practice. YOU CAN BENEFIT SPECIAL DISCOUNT PRICE FROM OUR FULL RANGE OF FINANCIAL SERVICES. of only

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Send your cheque or money order to: HERITAGE TRUST Ukrainian Canadian Students' Union 10126-101 St., EDMONTON TELEPHONE 429-6656 11246 - 91 Street #192 KINGSWAY GARDEN MALL, EDMONTON Edmonton, Alberta TELEPHONE 474-8471 319 - 8th AVENUE, S.W, CALGARY T5B 4A2 TELEPHONE 265-4415

STUDENT: May 1979, Page 15 Po«rtee I 1* Post Can*da J RETURN REQUESTED STUDENT Third Troisieme class class© 11246-91 STREET EDMONTON, ALBERTA 3831 CANADA T5B 4A2 E DMONTON

How to see Montreal this summer

workshops, What they say Cultural seminar discussions, about Montreal speakers, and socials is true. will highlight the Even on slow weekend. At least three nights the music activities will be run goes until three, with some of the best night-life at the same time sp that choice. to be found anywhere. everyone has a congress will discuss Montreal offers you the The a wide range of issues, opportunity to travel; it's fun, well as deal and you'll be there with friends. as People from across Canada like with executive reports, resolution and yourself, will be in Montreal to take advantage of the social elections.

life, the shopping, the travel, and everything that the 20th SUSK Congress will offer. Contact the SUSK

And it will all be National Executive, organized so that students your club executive,

can afford it. and follow Here are some of Student for the details. details. The actual Congress is to take place from the evening of August 23rd to the 26th, at the ethnicity 'Jniversity of Montreal. Put your into focus.

SUSK