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Preliminary Review of the Geology and Hydrogeology of the Eden DTC Sub-Catchments

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Preliminary Review of the Geology and Hydrogeology of the Eden DTC Sub-Catchments )) Preliminary review of the geology and hydrogeology of the Eden DTC sub-catchments Groundwater Science Programme Open Report OR/10/063 BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GROUNDWATER SCIENCE PROGRAMME OPEN REPORT OR/10/063 Preliminary review of the geology The National Grid and other Ordnance Survey data are used with the permission of the and hydrogeology of the Eden Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office. Licence No: 100017897/2010. DTC sub-catchments NEXTMap Britain elevation data from Intermap Technologies. River network data from the Centre for Ecology & D J Allen, A J Newell and A S Butcher Hydrology, © NERC. © Crown copyright . All rights reserved. Keywords Geology, hydrogeology, Eden Valley. Front cover Bedrock geology of the Dacre Beck catchment. River network data from CEH, © NERC. © Crown copyright. All rights reserved. NEXTMap Britain elevation data from Intermap Technologies. Bibliographical reference ALLEN D J, NEWELL A J AND BUTCHER A S. 2010. Preliminary review of the geology and hydrogeology of the Eden DTC sub-catchments. British Geological Survey Open Report, OR/10/063. 45pp. Copyright in materials derived from the British Geological Survey’s work is owned by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and/or the authority that commissioned the work. You may not copy or adapt this publication without first obtaining permission. Contact the BGS Intellectual Property Rights Section, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, e-mail [email protected]. You may quote extracts of a reasonable length without prior permission, provided a full acknowledgement is given of the source of the extract. © NERC 2010. All rights reserved Keyworth, Nottingham British Geological Survey 2010 BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY The full range of our publications is available from BGS shops at British Geological Survey offices Nottingham, Edinburgh, London and Cardiff (Welsh publications only) see contact details below or shop online at www.geologyshop.com BGS Central Enquiries Desk Tel 0115 936 3143 Fax 0115 936 3276 The London Information Office also maintains a reference collection of BGS publications, including maps, for consultation. email [email protected] We publish an annual catalogue of our maps and other publications; this catalogue is available online or from any of the Kingsley Dunham Centre, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG BGS shops. Tel 0115 936 3241 Fax 0115 936 3488 email [email protected] The British Geological Survey carries out the geological survey of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the latter as an agency service for the government of Northern Ireland), and of the Murchison House, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3LA surrounding continental shelf, as well as basic research projects. Tel 0131 667 1000 Fax 0131 668 2683 It also undertakes programmes of technical aid in geology in email [email protected] developing countries. The British Geological Survey is a component body of the Natural Environment Research Council. Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD Tel 020 7589 4090 Fax 020 7584 8270 Tel 020 7942 5344/45 email [email protected] Columbus House, Greenmeadow Springs, Tongwynlais, Cardiff CF15 7NE Tel 029 2052 1962 Fax 029 2052 1963 Maclean Building, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford OX10 8BB Tel 01491 838800 Fax 01491 692345 Geological Survey of Northern Ireland, Colby House, Stranmillis Court, Belfast BT9 5BF Tel 028 9038 8462 Fax 028 9038 8461 www.bgs.ac.uk/gsni/ Parent Body Natural Environment Research Council, Polaris House, North Star Avenue, Swindon SN2 1EU Tel 01793 411500 Fax 01793 411501 www.nerc.ac.uk Website www.bgs.ac.uk Shop online at www.geologyshop.com OR/10/063 Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Dr Ben Surridge, Lancaster University, for a number of valuable discussions and for providing the catchment boundaries used in this report. i OR/10/063 Contents Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................ i Contents ......................................................................................................................................... ii Summary ........................................................................................................................................ v 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Geology and General Geological Setting of the Vale of Eden ...................................... 1 1.2 Hydrogeology ................................................................................................................. 8 1.3 Summary of the hydrogeology of the Eden Valley ........................................................ 9 1.4 Location of the Eden sub-catchments .......................................................................... 10 2 Pow Catchment .................................................................................................................... 12 2.1 Catchment setting ......................................................................................................... 12 2.2 Drainage ....................................................................................................................... 12 2.3 Geology ........................................................................................................................ 12 2.4 Hydrogeology ............................................................................................................... 14 2.5 Conclusion .................................................................................................................... 20 3 Morland Catchment ............................................................................................................ 22 3.1 Catchment Setting ........................................................................................................ 22 3.2 Geology ........................................................................................................................ 22 3.3 Hydrogeology ............................................................................................................... 25 3.4 Conclusion .................................................................................................................... 27 4 Dacre Beck Catchment at Nabend ..................................................................................... 28 4.1 Catchment setting ......................................................................................................... 28 4.2 Geology ........................................................................................................................ 28 4.3 Hydrogeology ............................................................................................................... 30 4.4 Conclusion .................................................................................................................... 33 5 Discussion and conclusions ................................................................................................. 34 References .................................................................................................................................... 35 FIGURES Figure 1.1 Perspective view showing bedrock geology (classified into rock type) of the northern part of the Vale of Eden. ........................................................................... 1 Figure 1.2 Perspective view from the NE showing the bedrock geology (classified into generalised rock type) over the full extent of the Eden Catchment. ........................ 2 ii OR/10/063 Figure 1.3 Perspective view looking south-east showing the extensive superficial cover of the Eden Catchment. Approximate foreground scale shown. Vertical scale is exaggerated by a factor of three............................................................................... 5 Figure 1.4 Perspective view looking NE across the Eden Catchment showing the location of the Eden DTC sub-catchments. Blue spine on orientation symbol indicates direction of North. ................................................................................................. 11 Figure 2.1 The Pow catchment showing the ‘interfluve’ position with the River Cardew to the west and the River Petteril to the east. Long axis of block diagram is 8km across. Blue spine on orientation symbol indicates direction of North. ................ 12 Figure 2.2 Solid Geology of the Pow Catchment. The northern (lower elevation) part of the catchment is underlain by St Bees Sandstone. ................................................. 13 Figure 2.3 Superficial geology of the Pow Catchment showing the extensive cover of glacial till (pink) with minor patches of terrace gravels (yellow) and alluvium (grey) in the valley floor. Long axis of block diagram is 8km across. Blue spine on orientation symbol indicates direction of North. ..................................... 14 Figure 2.4 Water boreholes (purple dots) in and around the Pow catchment (grid lines at 1 km intervals). ......................................................................................................... 15 Figure 2.5 Borehole rest water levels (red figures, metres AOD) and stream levels (blue figures, metres AOD) in the Pow catchment. Grid lines are at 1 km intervals. ... 18 Figure 2.6 Location of Springs (red) and Issues (green) supporting the Pow Beck; lake feeding the river is also shown (blue). Grid lines are at 1 km
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