International Studbook

Annual Report and Recommendations for 2011

Spix’s Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii)

Compiled by Ryan Watson – Blue Macaw Coordinator Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation

Species Coordinator: Yara barros [email protected]

Managing Studbook Ryan Watson, Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation Keeper: [email protected]

Report prepared: March 2011 Reporting period: 1 December 2009 – 28 February 2011 Recommendations for: 1 March 2011 – 31 October 2011 Endorsements This Annual Report has been reviewed and endorsed by Endorsement received the following bodies: (date) CITES Management Authority-Brazil ICMBio Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation Loro Parque Foundation Lymington Foundation Brazil Sao Paulo Zoo Association For The Conservation of Threatened Parrots

Table of Contents Status of Current Population page 5 • Current Population page 5 • Recent Developments in the Captive Population page 6 Historical Summary of the Population and Other Developments page 7 Status of Wild Populations and In-Situ Support page 9 Concerns / Problems page 9 Analysis of Current Population Status page 10 • Demographic Summary Table page 10 • Genetic Summary Table page 10 Management Goals page 11 Report & Evaluation on Previous Recommendations December 2009 – November 2010 page 12 • General Recommendations page 12 • Specimen Transfer Recommendations page 12 • Breeding Recommendations page 13 Recommendations for Upcoming Period: December 2010 – November 2011 page 14 • General Recommendations page 14 • Specimen Transfer Recommendations page 14 • Breeding Recommendations page 15 Appendix 1: Graphs – Genetic Descriptors page 16 • Genetic Diversity vs. Time – Founder Genome Equivalents vs. Time page 16 • Number of Founders vs. Time – Mean Inbreeding vs. Time page 16 Appendix 2: Graphs – Demographic Descriptors page 17 • Fecundity page 17 • Survivorship page 18 • Life Expectancy page 19 • Founder Statistics page 20 • Founder Statistics Table page 21 Appendix 3: Individual Statistics page 22 Appendix 4: Institutional Recommendations page 24 • AL WABRA – Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation page 24 • GUTH M – Association for the Conservation of Threatened Parrots page 27

Spix’s macaw – Annual Report and Recommendations 2011 20 Mar 2011 Page 3 Prepared by Ryan Watson - Blue Macaw Coordinator – Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation

• LYMINGFND – Lymington Foundation page 27 • SAO PAULO – SPZ - Fundacao Parque Zoological de Sao Paulo page 28 • TENERIFE – Loro Parque Fundacion page 28 Appendix 5: Studbook Export Filters for Genetic and Demographic Analyses page 29 Appendix 6: Animals Excluded From Genetic Analysis page 29 Appendix 7: Definitions page 30 Appendix 8: Institutional Representatives page 31 Appendix 9: Acknowledgements page 32

Additional Information:

Appendix 10: Spix’s Macaw Pedigree page 33 Appendix 11: Spix’s Macaw Genetic Similarity Value (GSV) Table – Males page 34 Appendix 12: Spix’s Macaw Genetic Similarity Value (GSV) Table – Females page 35 Appendix 13: Individual Overview of All Studbook Managed Spix’s Macaws page 36

Spix’s macaw – Annual Report and Recommendations 2011 20 Mar 2011 Page 4 Prepared by Ryan Watson - Blue Macaw Coordinator – Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation

Status of Current Population

Current Population There are currently N = 73 living animals (29 males; 44 females) at 5 institutions.

Current and planned holdings of program participants Holder Current Planned Comment Al Wabra Wildlife 21.33.0 50.50.0 If needed Preservation, Qatar Loro Parque 3.6.0 5.5.10 Canary Islands Lymington Foundation 1.0.0 ?.?.? Brazil Sao Paulo Zoo 2.2.0 ?.?.? Brazil Association for the Conservation of Threatened 2.3 ?.?.? Parrots, Germany

Explanation of the Age Class Graph. The bottom blue bar indicates 0.1 birds aged between 0-6 months. The rest of the bars represent 12 month periods, 6-18 months etc…

Spix’s macaw – Annual Report and Recommendations 2011 20 Mar 2011 Page 5 Prepared by Ryan Watson - Blue Macaw Coordinator – Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation

Recent Developments in the Captive Population

Developments in the captive population of Spix’s Macaw, 1999 – 2011 st Years run from 1 Dec to 99 - 00 - 01 - 02 - 03 - 04 - 05 - 06 - 07 - 08 - 09 - 10 - Totals 31st November 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 Population size at 01.03.2011. 54 53 57 55 53 54 54 74 66 63 63 63 Acquisitions: Hatches 3 5 0 0 4 3 10 5 1 5 7 2 45 Captures from wild 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Imports 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total acquisitions 3 5 0 0 4 3 20 5 1 5 7 2 55 Dispositions: Deaths (total no.) 4 1 2 2 3 3 0 1 4 0 4 0 24 (Neonatal deaths) (0) (0) (0) (0) (0) (0) (0) (0) (0) (0) (0) (0) (0) Exports 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Releases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lost-to-follow-up 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 12 Total dispositions 4 1 2 2 3 3 0 13 4 0 4 0 36 Population size at 31st Dec. 53 57 55 53 54 54 74 66 63 68 71 73

Spix’s macaw – Annual Report and Recommendations 2011 20 Mar 2011 Page 6 Prepared by Ryan Watson - Blue Macaw Coordinator – Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation

Historical Summary of the Population and Other Developments • In February 2000, AWWP received four birds #34, #35, #61 & #62 from Birds International Incorporated (Philippines). • On October 5th 2000, the sole remaining wild Spix’s macaw is observed for the last time. • Two Spix’s macaws were bred at the Criadouro Chaparral Breeding Facility in Recife, the first IBAMA managed Spix’s macaws bred in Brazil. • In March 2002, Natasha Schischakin was relieved from her role as studbook keeper, to be replaced by Carlos Bianchi. • In July 2002, the Permanent Committee for the Recovery of the Spix’s Macaw is disbanded. • In November 2002 AWWP received four birds #50, #54, #55 & #58 from Roland Messer (Switzerland). • On Dec 23rd 2002, “Presley” #76 is returned to Brazil, to Sao Paulo Zoo after spending approximately 20 years as someone’s pet in Colorado. • Between November 2003 and March 2004, AWWP Qatar received 25 birds #15, #16, #31, #32, #33, #36, #37, #40, #46, #48, #49, #60, #63, #64, #65, #66, #67, #68, #69, #70, #71, #72, #79, #80 & #81) from BII (Philippines) over four shipments. • AWWP takes management of Roland Messer’s Swiss facility in January 2004 and officially take ownership of eleven #17, #20, #22, #39, #43, #51, #56, #57, #77, #78 & #80) of the thirteen birds. Messer retained ownership of the remaining two birds #53 & #59 but under the management of AWWP. • AWWP breeds their first two offspring #82 & #83 in June 2004 from the pair owned by Mr. Messer. Under the management deal between AWWP and Mr. Messer, AWWP takes ownership of all even numbered chicks; Mr. Messer retains ownership of odd numbered chicks. • Loro Parque breeds two chicks #94 & #95 in June & Nov 2004; these are the first off-spring from female #26 who is genetically important. • In May 2005, AWWP successfully hatch their first two offspring in Qatar #84 & #85. • Martin Guth acquired three birds #53, #59 & #82 from Roland Messer in July 2005, thereby ending Mr. Messer’s involvement in Spix’s Macaw conservation. These three birds were under the management of the Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation, housed at their Swiss breeding facility. AWWP was not informed by Mr. Messer about this change of ownership. • Martin Guth announces he has secured another ten birds from private breeders in Switzerland. Unfortunately they are unable to be transferred to Guth’s Germany facility at this stage because of bird import restrictions invoked in the wake of last years H5N1 virus outbreak and issues concerning essential CITES documents. • The Lymington Foundation joins the captive breeding program and receives two birds #73 & #76 from Sao Paulo Zoo in September 2005. • In October 2005 a meeting is held between the holders of Spix’s Macaws to discuss the recent acquisition of Mr. Messer’s three birds by Martin Guth and the future of his involvement in the IBAMA managed captive breeding program. • AWWP abruptly closes its Swiss facility in October 2005 after a break-in attempt threatens the security of the birds. AWWP were planning to close the facility at a later date and transfer the birds once they had completed a facility in the UK. However, due to the break-in attempt and slow progress in the UK, the decision was made to transfer the birds to AWWP Qatar. • In April 2006 AWWP accepts an invitation from IBAMA to officially join the Working Group for the Recovery of the Spix’s Macaw. AWWP commits all of its Spix’s macaws to be included into the international studbook and agrees to allow Ryan Watson to join Onildo Marini Filho (IBAMA) and Matthias Reinschmidt (Loro Parque Foundation) as joint studbook keepers.

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• In March 2006, Loro Parque receives a juvenile male #82 on loan from ACTP. • In June 2006, the Lymington Foundation receives another two #2 & #6 birds from the Sao Paulo Zoo. • In Nov 2006, ACTP adds 12 more Spix’s Macaws to the studbook managed captive breeding program, including two offspring bred in 2006. • In January 2007, LPF sends male #44 to ACTP to be paired with female #53. • In March 2007, ACTP send male #59 to the Lymington Foundation in Brazil to be paired with female #73. • October 2008, ACTP’s 12 Spix’s Macaws in Switzerland were removed from the studbook as they are not currently being managed in accordance with the conditions imposed by ICMBio, which include; following the health protocol, supplying samples for DNA analysis and transfer of the birds from Switzerland to Germany. • In November 2008, male #44 is sent from ACTP to Loro Parque to be re-united with female #26. • In November 2008, ACTP hatch their first Spix’s Macaw, female #114. • In the first half of 2009, AWWP bred five offspring from the genetically important female #43. • In March 2009, genetically important male #6 is transferred to Loro Parque from Lymington Foundation. • In May 2010, AWWP successfully bred 1.1 offspring from their only wild founder, male #20, the first time he has bred in 10+ years. • In May 2010, AWWP successfully bred 1.1 offspring from an F2 Spix’s Macaw, female #62. These are the first offspring to be bred from any F2 birds in the studbook managed population.

Spix’s macaw – Annual Report and Recommendations 2011 20 Mar 2011 Page 8 Prepared by Ryan Watson - Blue Macaw Coordinator – Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation

Status of Wild Populations and In-Situ Support The last known wild Spix’s Macaw was last seen on October 5th 2000. After ten years of diligent monitoring of the last wild bird, the field team lost all track of him. A few months later in December an official press release was issued by IBAMA to the media announcing the news of the last wild Spix’s Macaws disappearance and that the species was likely to be extinct in nature. Rumors persist about the continued existence of Spix’s Macaws in nature however, it is considered unlikely that there are any left. There are still areas of possibly suitable habitat that are yet to be explored, so their existence can not entirely be ruled out at this stage. An experimental analogue release program was undertaken in the late 90’s using captive bred Illiger’s Macaws which were generously donated to the program by the Loro Parque Foundation. The program experienced some problems early on when the birds were undergoing quarantine but once these issues were overcome, the birds were released into nature and most of which survived. The success of this release program and the experience gained from it, could one day play an important part in re-establishing Spix’s Macaws in nature. Education on the importance of wildlife conservation is continuing in the Curaçá region where the last known wild bird spent most of his time. In 2007 The Loro Parque Foundation generously sponsored the renovation of the Raul Coelho Theatre, an important landmark in Curaçá for social activities including environmental awareness initiatives. Also in 2007, ACTP, AWWP, Lymington Foundation and Parrots International combined to help fund further development of the Spix’s Macaw school, including the addition of a night school adult education program. In the later half of 2008, the Spix’s Macaw school was renovated and expanded thanks to a US$10,000 donation from Vogel Park Walsroder. In 2007, the Lymington Foundation purchased the 400 hectare Gangorra Farm; a historically significant area of important habitat for the Spix’s Macaw. This purchase was made possible thanks to donations from ACTP, Parrots International and the Lymington Foundation. In 2008 AWWP secured the 2380 hectare Concordia Farm; also a historically significant area of important habitat for the Spix’s Macaw. In 2010 AWWP funded a survey to be done of both Concordia and Gangorra to map their legal boundaries and legal reserves.

Concerns / Problems The continued poor rate of reproductive success is of concern to this program. Breeding output is no where close to the level at which it should be, however, egg production is very high. Microscopic research on non-developing eggs conducted by AWWP in collaboration with the University of Sheffield (UK), has revealed that approximately 50% of the eggs laid at AWWP during the 2010 season were actually fertile, but only around 10% (6 of 51) of the total number of eggs laid during that season were viable. The researched also indicated that the males within the population have an overall low sperm count. These results, along with other supporting data indicate that there is most likely a genetic and hormonal problem adversely effecting reproduction.

Spix’s macaw – Annual Report and Recommendations 2011 20 Mar 2011 Page 9 Prepared by Ryan Watson - Blue Macaw Coordinator – Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation

Analysis of Current Population Status

Demographic Summary Table: Current size of managed population 73 (29.44) # Specimens excluded from management 14 Mean generation time 14.6 years Potential population growth rate 1.058 # Births in past year 8 # Deaths in past year 4

Genetic Summary Table: Note that 1.2 birds are excluded from genetic analysis, see Appendix 6 for details. Current Potential Founders 7 2 additional Founder genome equivalents 2.7 7.5 Founder genome surviving 5.27 7.5 Gene diversity retained 0.815 0.933 Population mean kinship 0.185 0.067 Mean inbreeding 0.136 0.067 Ne / N 0.19 ----- % of pedigree known 100 -----

Population size projection (Projected from stable age distribution, and expected for a managed population. Note that this may be based on overly optimistic fecundity and mortality estimates)

Spix’s macaw – Annual Report and Recommendations 2011 20 Mar 2011 Page 10 Prepared by Ryan Watson - Blue Macaw Coordinator – Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation

Management Goals:

The Population Management Program (PMP) has set a goal of retaining 80% gene diversity for 20 years.

Management Strategy Table: Planned Generation length 14.2 Population growth rate 1.064 Ne / N ratio 0.22 Initial gene diversity 0.815 Target population size 250 # New founders needed 0

Summary Actions:

The reproductive plan requires about 8 offspring from an estimated 25 pairings. To accomplish the goals, the PMP has planned 24 pairs, 1 transfer.

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Report & Evaluation on Previous Recommendations: 01 December 2009 – 31 November 2010 General Recommendation No. Recommendation Deadline Achieved Comment (if required) 1. Breed as many birds as possible. On-going Hopefully improved pairing strategies and maturing of sub-adult birds will lead to improved breeding results. 2. Prioritise breeding efforts to ensure that birds with On-going Genetically important birds should be provided with a choice of mates to increase high genetic importance receive the best possible the chances of pair harmony. opportunity to reproduce. 3. Genetic analysis of all birds. On-going Prof Dr. Cristina Miyaki of Sao Paulo University can provide important genetic information for investigating the relationship between individuals and the relationship of every individual to the population. Given the problems experienced due to a lack of genetic diversity within the Spix’s Macaw population, this information is a very powerful tool for breeding management. 4. Incorporate more birds from private European On-going The more birds incorporated into the studbook managed breeding program the collections into the breeding program. better chance we have to produce more offspring. 5. Institutions to provide specimen updates to enable On-going Yes Successful hatching of chicks should be reported as soon as possible to enable studbook to remain current and annual report to be the Studbook to remain current at all times. Any other relevant data requested by produced. the studbook manager, such as lay dates and fertility status, should be submitted promptly. 6. AWWP currently has 52 (76%) of the 68 Spix’s 2011 No AWWP will construct a breeding facility in Brazil in the later half of 2011 and plan macaws in the ICMBio managed recovery program in to transfer birds there in early 2012. the one location. For bio-security purposes AWWP should establish a satellite facility somewhere outside of Qatar for at least five pairs of birds.

Specimen Transfer Recommendations for 2009-2010 No. Sbk # Sex Local ID # Location Destination Attempted Achieved Comment (if required) 1. 45 1.0 2091C SPZ LPF Yes No Unable to attain health clearance certificate. 2. 53 0.1 ACTP LPF Yes No Problems with feather mutilation when stressed; to remain at ACTP. 3. 59 1.0 Richie LF LPF No No Returned to owner (ACTP), and successfully paired with female #53. 4. 73 0.1 Flor LF LPF Yes Yes Not paired yet because of a shortage of males. 5. 109 0.1 Mela LPF SPZ Yes Yes To be paired with male #5. 6. 114 0.1 Frieda ACTP SPZ No No

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Breeding Recommendations for 2009-2010 No. Location Males Females Inbreeding r-index Achieved Comment (if required) Stbk # Local ID level Local ID Level Value 1. AWWP 69 4363 72 4366 0.375 -0.421 (B) Yes Separated on 09.12.2010, unsuccessful pair. 2. AWWP 32 4184 46 4269 0.250 -0.169 (C) Yes Separated on 21.06.2010, female stopped laying eggs. 3. AWWP 35 597 43 4327 0.125 -0.649 (B) Yes Together since 18.03.2007 – had four offspring in 2010. 4. AWWP 34 596 50 3254 0.125 -0.048 (C) Yes Separated on 14.12.2010, unsuccessful pair. 5. AWWP 78 4339 61 595 0.125 -0.413 (B) Yes Separated on 09.12.2010, no interest in breeding. 6. AWWP 79 4272 54 3252 0.125 -0.572 (B) Yes Together since 20.01.2008 – nest active but no eggs yet. 7. AWWP 75 4328 60 4268 0.125 -0.699 (B) Yes Separated on 08.07.2010, unsuccessful pair. 8. AWWP 81 4271 48 4369 0.250 -0.161 (C) Yes Separated on 11.12.2010, unsuccessful pair. 9. AWWP 83 4595 86 5829 0.125 -0.483 (B) Yes Together since 26.05.2008 – no breeding activity. 10. AWWP 40 4362 22 4332 0.000 -0.593 (B) Yes Male died on the 05.04.2010, females paired with #65. 11. AWWP 66 4273 67 4365 0.250 -0.132 (C) Yes Separated on 12.12.2010, unsuccessful pair. 12. AWWP 89 6293 93 6359 0.250 -0.477 (B) Yes Together since 05.02.2009 – laying infertile eggs. 13. AWWP 15 4185 55 3253 0.125 -0.429 (B) Yes Together since 12.02.2009 – nest active. 14. AWWP 20 4333 62 594 0.000 -0.419 (B) Yes Together since 21.02.2009 – two offspring in 2010. 15. AWWP 57 4331 68 4181 0.125 -0.509 (B) Yes Separated on 12.12.2010, unsuccessful pair. 16. AWWP 65 4367 77 4337 0.125 -0.207 (C) Yes Separated on 09.05.2010, unsuccessful pair. 17. LPF 44 14484 26 921155 0.000 -0.529 (B) Yes Together since December 2003 – parents of 5 offspring. 18. LPF 82 Ferdinand 94 Arabella 0.063 -0.321 (C) Yes Together since March 2006 – eggs in Feb 2011. 19. LPF 6 Lampiao 53 0.000 -0.809 (B) No Male #6 paired with female #96 20. LPF 59 Ritchie 73 Flor 0.063 -0.591 (B) No Male #59 paired with female #53 at ACTP. Two offspring produced in 95 Turquesa 0.063 -0.095 (C) Jan 2011. 96 Bonita 0.063 0.078 (C) 21. LPF 45 2091C 73 Flor 0.125 0.545 (E) No Male #45 is still in Brazil because of problems attaining permits for 95 Turquesa 0.125 0.446 (D) transfer. 96 Bonita 0.125 -0.056 (C) 22. SPZ 5 17099 109 Mela 0.000 UNK Yes Together since September 2010.

Spix’s macaw – Annual Report and Recommendations 2011 20 Mar 2011 Page 13 Prepared by Ryan Watson - Blue Macaw Coordinator – Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation

Recommendations for Upcoming Period: December 2010 – November 2011 General Recommendations No. Recommendation Deadline Achieved Comment (if required) 1. Breed as many birds as possible. On-going Hopefully improved pairing strategies and maturing of sub-adult birds will lead to improved breeding results. 2. Prioritise breeding efforts to ensure that birds with On-going Genetically important birds should be provided with a choice of mates to increase high genetic importance receive the best possible the chances of pair harmony. opportunity to reproduce. 3. Genetic analysis of all birds. On-going Prof Dr. Cristina Miyaki of Sao Paulo University can provide important genetic information for investigating the relationship between individuals and the relationship of every individual to the population. Given the problems experienced due to a lack of genetic diversity within the Spix’s Macaw population, this information is a very powerful tool for breeding management. 4. Incorporate more birds from private European On-going The more birds incorporated into the studbook managed breeding program the collections into the breeding program. better chance we have to produce more offspring. 5. Institutions to provide specimen updates to enable On-going Successful hatching of chicks should be reported as soon as possible to enable studbook to remain current and annual report to be the Studbook to remain current at all times. Any other relevant data requested by produced. the studbook manager, such as lay dates and fertility status, should be submitted promptly. 6. AWWP currently has 54 (74%) of the 73 Spix’s 2012 AWWP will establish a branch in Brazil in August 2011 and target to have facilities macaws in the ICMBio managed recovery program in ready to house Spix’s Macaws in early 2012. the one location. For bio-security purposes AWWP should establish a satellite facility somewhere outside of Qatar for at least five pairs of birds.

Specimen Transfer Recommendations for 2010-2011 No. Sbk # Sex Local ID # Location Destination Attempted Achieved Comment (if required) 1. 45 1.0 2091C SPZ LPF To be paired with females #73 or #95

Spix’s macaw – Annual Report and Recommendations 2011 20 Mar 2011 Page 14 Prepared by Ryan Watson - Blue Macaw Coordinator – Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation

Breeding Recommendations for 2010-2011 No. Location Males Females Inbreeding r-index Achieved Comment (if required) Stbk # Local ID level Local ID Level Value 1. ACTP 59 Richie 53 0.250 1.000 (E) Yes Together since 00.10.2010, two offspring in Jan 2011. 2. AWWP 35 597 43 4327 0.125 -0.649 (B) Yes Together since 18.03.2007 – had four offspring in 2010. 3. AWWP 79 4272 54 3252 0.125 -0.572 (B) Yes Together since 20.01.2008 – nest active but no eggs yet. 4. AWWP 83 4595 86 5829 0.125 -0.483 (B) Yes Together since 26.05.2008 – no breeding activity. 5. AWWP 89 6293 93 6359 0.250 -0.477 (B) Yes Together since 05.02.2009 – laying infertile eggs. 6. AWWP 15 4185 55 3253 0.125 -0.429 (B) Yes Together since 12.02.2009 – nest active. 7. AWWP 20 4333 62 594 0.000 -0.419 (B) Yes Together since 21.02.2009 – two offspring in 2010. 8. AWWP 65 4367 22 4332 0.000 -0.346 (C) Yes Together since 10.06.2010 – eggs in Feb 2011 9. AWWP 32 4184 91 6347 0.250 -0.165 (C) Yes Together since 21.06.2010 – eggs in March 2011 10. AWWP 110 7097 85 5170 0.250 -0.719 (B) Yes Together since 11.12.2010 – 11. AWWP 81 4271 113 7195 0.250 -0.241 (C) Yes Together since 11.12.2010 – 12. AWWP 63 4379 87 6200 0.250 -0.421 (B) Yes Together since 11.12.2010 – Nest active 13. AWWP 75 4328 72 4366 0.125 -0.364 (C) Yes Together since 12.12.2010 – 14. AWWP 66 4273 61 595 0.375 0.018 (C) Yes Together since 12.12.2010 – 15. AWWP 34 596 48 4369 0.250 -0.154 (C) Yes Together since 14.12.2010 – Nest active 16. AWWP 88 6212 68 4181 0.250 -0.673 (B) Yes Together since 18.12.2010 – 17. AWWP 78 4339 67 4365 0.125 -0.847 (A) Yes Together since 21.12.2010 – 18. AWWP 57 4331 71 4267 0.125 -0.593 (B) Yes Together since 21.12.2010 – 19. AWWP 69 4363 50 3254 0.125 -0.456 (B) Yes Together since 21.12.2010 – 20. LPF 44 14484 26 921155 0.000 -0.529 (B) Yes Together since December 2003 – parents of 5 offspring. 21. LPF 82 Ferdinand 94 Arabella 0.063 -0.321 (C) Yes Together since March 2006 – eggs in Feb 2011. 22. LPF 6 Lampiao 96 Bonita 0.000 -0.450 (B) Yes Together since 01.02.2010 – eggs in 2010 and 2011 23. SPZ 5 17099 109 Mela 0.000 -0.939 (A) Yes Together since September 2010. 24. LPF 45 2091C 73 Flor 0.125 0.545 (E) No Male #45 is still in Brazil because of problems attaining 95 Turquesa 0.125 0.446 (D) permits for transfer.

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Appendix 1: Graphs – Genetic Descriptors

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Appendix 2: Graphs – Demographic Descriptors

Fecundity

Spix’s macaw – Annual Report and Recommendations 2011 20 Mar 2011 Page 17 Prepared by Ryan Watson - Blue Macaw Coordinator – Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation

Survivorship

Spix’s macaw – Annual Report and Recommendations 2011 20 Mar 2011 Page 18 Prepared by Ryan Watson - Blue Macaw Coordinator – Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation

Life Expectancy

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Founder Statistics

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Founder Statistics Table: Studbook Sex Age Representation Contribution Allele Retent. Potential Ret. Descendants # 5 M 24 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 1.0000 0.00 6 M 24 0.0145 1.0000 0.7660 1.0000 2.00 8 F D 0.0254 1.7500 0.5000 0.5000 6.00 9 M D 0.0254 1.7500 0.5000 0.5000 6.00 11 M D 0.3786 26.1250 1.0000 1.0000 67.00 12 F D 0.3931 27.1250 0.9995 0.9995 67.00 20 M 37 0.1558 10.7500 1.0000 1.0000 26.00 21 F D 0.0073 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000 1.00 76 M 27 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 1.0000 0.00

Spix’s macaw – Annual Report and Recommendations 2011 20 Mar 2011 Page 21 Prepared by Ryan Watson - Blue Macaw Coordinator – Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation

Appendix 3: Individual Statistics

Stbk Sex Sire Dam Age Location MK GSV GSV Ranking Progeny Local ID Additional IDs 5 M WILD WILD 24 SAO PAULO 0.000 -26.3 1 0 STDB#5 16345635 6 M WILD WILD 24 TENERIFE 0.0073 -10.04 7 2 STDB#6 Lampiao 9772000001039110 15 M 11 12 23 AL WABRA 0.1970 3.55 =29 16 4185 BII 317 16 F 11 12 23 AL WABRA 0.2201 EXC EXC 15 4180 BII 318, BII 551 20 M WILD WILD 37 AL WABRA 0.0779 -15.78 4 18 4333 00-0618-1E17 22 F 20 21 23 AL WABRA 0.0444 -11.74 6 0 4332 F 00001 0.1, 78 92 00001 – 00-0618-23AD 26 F 9 8 19 TENERIFE 0.0254 -8.52 10 5 921155 Lp92/1155 32 M 11 12 20 AL WABRA 0.2029 3.13 27 7 4184 BII 890 – 276096900346140 34 M 11 12 18 AL WABRA 0.1966 5.68 =37 0 596 Pedro, BII 595 – 0002-050-E23 35 M 11 12 18 AL WABRA 0.2111 -0.24 =16 9 597 BII 624 – 00-0205-0BD1 Jose 43 F 20 17 16 AL WABRA 0.1757 -21.13 2 12 4327 78 95 0001 – 00 0617 C611 44 M 11 12 16 TENERIFE 0.2074 5.68 =37 6 14484 2090 – 977200000683274 45 M 11 12 16 SAO PAULO 0.1966 3.2 28 0 STB#45 2091 – 977200000667648 46 F 11 12 16 AL WABRA 0.2092 5.68 =37 7 4269 BII 2067, BII 381 – 276096900353009 48 F 11 12 16 AL WABRA 0.2056 2.57 23 5 4369 BII 258, BII B 384 – 123677513A 50 F 20 17 15 AL WABRA 0.1558 -5.34 11 0 3254 123649143A 53 F 20 17 14 GUTH M 0.1649 -0.32 15 5 78 97 0011 – 00 0617 B8DA 54 F 20 17 14 AL WABRA 0.1558 1.01 =17 0 3252 968000000687552 55 F 20 17 15 AL WABRA 0.1558 1.01 =17 0 3253 968000000695115 57 M 20 17 14 AL WABRA 0.1558 -0.32 =15 0 4331 78 98 0004 – 00 0617 E46F 59 M 20 17 14 GUTH M 0.1630 -0.32 =15 4 78 98 0008 – 00 0617 FE91 60 F 15 16 13 AL WABRA 0.2237 6.4 38 0 4268 BII 1448, BII 1772 – 123656350A 61 F 15 16 13 AL WABRA 0.2237 5.68 =37 0 595 Juanita, BII 1342, BII 1825 – 0002-050-A22 62 F 15 16 13 AL WABRA 0.2274 2.94 26 2 594 Maria, BII 1341, BII 1 824 – 00-01F0-08CE 63 M 33 12 12 AL WABRA 0.2002 4.2 =32 0 4379 BII 1567 65 M 15 16 12 AL WABRA 0.2237 6.79 39 0 4367 BII 1569 – 123659171A 66 M 15 16 12 AL WABRA 0.2237 4.71 =34 0 4273 BII 1570 – 123729547A 67 F 33 12 12 AL WABRA 0.2002 1.04 18 0 4365 BII 1681 BII 2140 – 123751762A 68 F 15 16 12 AL WABRA 0.2237 -0.24 =16 0 4181 BII-1757 BII-2-137 – 123877252A 69 M 15 16 12 AL WABRA 0.2237 1.64 19 0 4363 BII 1758 – 123676114A 71 F 15 16 12 AL WABRA 0.2237 2.64 24 0 4267 BII 1763 BII 2139 – 123649544A 72 F 15 16 12 AL WABRA 0.2237 5.1 36 0 4366 BII 1764 BII 2138 – 123667490A 73 F 6 19 10 TENERIFE 0.1055 -8.79 9 0 FLOR 977200001154285 74 F 6 19 10 SAO PAULO 0.1055 EXC 0 STB#74 977200001087774 75 M 42 43 11 AL WABRA 0.1703 -4.03 13 0 4328 968000000459841 76 M WILD WILD 27 LYMINGFND 0.0000 EXC 0 PRESLEY 977200001200569 77 F 42 43 10 AL WABRA 0.1703 -3.08 14 0 4337 756098100155440

Spix’s macaw – Annual Report and Recommendations 2011 20 Mar 2011 Page 22 Prepared by Ryan Watson - Blue Macaw Coordinator – Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation

78 M 42 43 10 AL WABRA 0.1703 -13.77 5 0 4339 756098100154633 79 M 15 16 10 AL WABRA 0.2237 1.76 20 0 4272 BII 9A228 – 123648662A 81 M 15 16 10 AL WABRA 0.2237 5.68 37 0 4271 BII 9A393 – 123614356A 82 M 59 53 7 TENERIFE 0.1676 -4.38 12 0 4580 Ch9.5 5311040010 83 M 59 53 7 AL WABRA 0.1676 1.98 21 0 4595 Ch9.5 5311040011 – 123757161A 85 F 15 16 6 AL WABRA 0.2237 3.55 =29 0 5170 Ferdi, LDF C 811 – 123659294A 86 F 32 46 5 AL WABRA 0.2129 4.71 =34 0 5829 Pixie – 123727093A 87 F 40 48 5 AL WABRA 0.2074 2.83 25 0 6200 Harriet, Silver AWWP QA001 – 276096900343684 88 M 40 48 5 AL WABRA 0.2074 4.85 =35 0 6212 Funny Beak – 276096900363251 89 M 32 46 5 AL WABRA 0.2129 4.2 =32 0 6293 Dixie, Silver AWWP QA002 – 123565260A 90 F 32 46 5 AL WABRA 0.2129 6.78 =39 0 6299 Trixie, Silver AWWP QA003 Silver AWWP QA004 – 123736273A 91 F 40 48 5 AL WABRA 0.2074 4.5 33 0 6347 Deanne, Silver AWWP QA005 Gold AWWP QA054 – 123746625A 92 F 40 48 5 AL WABRA 0.2074 4.85 =35 0 6353 Simone, Silver AWWP QA006 Bronze AWWP QA019 – 123909446A 93 F 40 48 5 AL WABRA 0.2074 2.13 =22 0 6359 Rianna, Silver AWWP QA007 Green AWWP QA144 – 123736351A 94 F 44 26 7 TENERIFE 0.1200 3.61 30 0 15614 Arabella, LPF04095075 95 F 44 26 6 TENERIFE 0.1200 2.13 =22 0 16030 Turquesa, LPF04095125 – 938000000239197 96 F 44 26 5 TENERIFE 0.1200 -9.23 8 0 18428 Bonita, LPF06095200 – 938000000235636 109 F 44 26 4 TENERIFE 0.1200 5.1 =36 0 18604 Mela, LPF07095001 – 938000000253853 110 M 32 46 4 AL WABRA 0.2129 -16.92 3 0 7097 Amrita, Silver AWWP QA008, Blue AWWP QA073 – 276096900350441 111 F 32 46 4 AL WABRA 0.2129 4.71 =34 0 7100 Raffy, Silver AWWP QA009, Red AWWP QA055 – 27609600355926 112 F 32 46 4 AL WABRA 0.2129 3.55 =29 0 7107 Yara, Silver AWWP QA010, Violet AWWP QA109 – 276096900361564 113 F 32 46 4 AL WABRA 0.2129 3.95 31 0 7195 Bruna, Silver AWWP QA011, Black AWWP QA108 – 276096900348526 114 F 44 53 2 GUTH M 0.1898 UNK 0 FRIEDA Frieda, ACTP-001/2008 115 F 35 43 2 AL WABRA 0.1970 UNK 0 8422 Sibele, Gold AWWP QA039 – 276096901029644 116 M 35 43 2 AL WABRA 0.1970 UNK 0 8425 Ernie, Gold AWWP QA040, Gold AWWP QA041 – 276096901014986 118 M 35 43 2 AL WABRA 0.1970 UNK 0 8637 Peanuts, Gold AWWP QA043, Green AWWP QA143 – 276096901017528 119 F 35 43 2 AL WABRA 0.1970 UNK 0 8647 Catrin, Gold AWWP QA044, Bronze AWWP QA020 – 276096901036890 120 F 44 26 1 TENERIFE 0.1200 UNK 0 22690 Yara, LPF10095040 121 F 35 43 1 AL WABRA 0.1970 UNK 0 9311 Christiana, Gold AWWP QA045, Blue AWWP QA090 – 276096901054645 122 F 35 43 1 AL WABRA 0.1970 UNK 0 9319 Zara, Gold AWWP QA046, Red AWWP QA056 – 276096901055740 123 F 35 43 1 AL WABRA 0.1970 UNK 0 9452 Monalyssa, Gold AWWP QA047, Violet AWWP QA110 – 276096901041522 124 F 20 62 1 AL WABRA 0.1558 UNK 0 9473 Sophia, Gold AWWP QA048, Black AWWP QA107 – 276096901041819 125 M 20 62 1 AL WABRA 0.1558 UNK 0 9475 Ryan, Bronze AWWP QA022 – 276096901040003 126 F 35 43 1 AL WABRA 0.1970 UNK 0 9488 Emily, Bronze AWWP QA023, Bronze AWWP QA024 – 276096901061291 127 M 59 53 0 GUTH M 0.1676 UNK 0 FELIX Felix, B95 G11 00023 ® 128 F 59 53 0 GUTH M 0.1676 UNK 0 KIKI Kiki, B95 G11 00024 (L)

Spix’s macaw – Annual Report and Recommendations 2011 20 Mar 2011 Page 23 Prepared by Ryan Watson - Blue Macaw Coordinator – Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation

Appendix 4: Institutional Recommendations

AL WABRA (AWWP): Institutional notes: ID Sex Age Additional Info Disposition Breeding With Notes 15 M 23 BII 317 HOLD BREED 55 WITH 16 F 23 BII-318 BII-551 HOLD RETIRED See Appendix 6 20 M 37 00-0618-1E17 HOLD BREED 62 WITH 22 F 23 78 92 00001, F 00001 0.1 HOLD BREED 65 00-0618-23AD WITH 32 M 20 BII-890 – 276096900346140 HOLD BREED 91 WITH 34 M 18 Pedro BII-595 0002-050-E23 HOLD BREED 48 WITH 35 M 18 Jose BII-624 00-0205-0BD1 HOLD BREED 43 WITH 43 F 16 78 95 0001 HOLD BREED 35 00-0617-C611 WITH 46 F 16 BII 2067 BII 381 HOLD SEE Probably finished as a breeder, 276096900353009 NOTES plus there are no available males 48 F 16 BII 258 BII B 384 HOLD BREED 34 123677513A WITH 50 F 15 123649143A HOLD BREED 69 WITH 54 F 14 968000000687552 HOLD BREED 79 WITH 55 F 15 968000000695115 HOLD BREED 15 WITH 57 M 14 78 98 0004 HOLD BREED 71 00-0617-E46F WITH 60 F 13 BII 1448 BII 1772 HOLD SEE No available males. 123656350A NOTES

Spix’s macaw – Annual Report and Recommendations 2011 20 Mar 2011 Page 24 Prepared by Ryan Watson - Blue Macaw Coordinator – Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation

61 F 13 Juanita BII-1342 BII HOLD BREED 66 1825 0002-050-A22 WITH 62 F 13 Maria BII-1341 BII 1 824 HOLD BREED 20 00-01F0-08CE WITH 63 M 12 BII 1567 HOLD BREED 87 WITH 65 M 12 BII 1569 HOLD BREED 22 123659171A WITH 66 M 12 BII 1570 HOLD BREED 61 123729547A WITH 67 F 12 BII 1681 BII 2140 HOLD BREED 78 123751762A WITH 68 F 12 BII-1757 BII-2-137 HOLD BREED 88 123877252A WITH 69 M 12 BII1758 HOLD BREED 50 123676114A WITH 71 F 12 BII 1763 BII 2139 HOLD BREED 57 123649544A WITH 72 F 12 BII 1764 BII 2138 HOLD BREED 75 123667490A WITH 75 M 10 968000000459841 HOLD BREED 72 WITH 77 F 10 756098100155440 HOLD SEE No available males. NOTES 78 M 10 756098100154633 HOLD BREED 67 WITH 79 M 10 BII 9A228 HOLD BREED 54 123648662A WITH 81 M 10 BII 9A393 HOLD BREED 113 123614356A WITH 83 M 7 Ch9.5 5311040011 HOLD BREED 86 WITH 85 F 6 Ferdi – LDF C 811 HOLD BREED 110 123659294A WITH

Spix’s macaw – Annual Report and Recommendations 2011 20 Mar 2011 Page 25 Prepared by Ryan Watson - Blue Macaw Coordinator – Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation

86 F 5 Pixie HOLD BREED 83 123727093A WITH 87 F 5 Harriet – Silver AWWP QA 001 HOLD BREED 63 276096900343684 WITH 88 M 5 Funny Beak HOLD BREED 68 276096900363251 WITH 89 M 5 Dixie – Silver AWWP QA 002 HOLD BREED 93 123565260A WITH 90 F 5 Trixie – Silver AWWP QA 003, Silver AWWP QA 004 HOLD SEE No available males. 123736273A NOTES 91 F 5 Deanne – Silver AWWP QA 005, Gold AWWP QA 054 HOLD BREED 32 123746625A WITH 92 F 5 Simone – Silver AWWP QA 006, Bronze AWWP QA 019 HOLD SEE No available males. 123909446A NOTES 93 F 5 Rianna – Silver AWWP QA 007, Green AWWP QA 144 HOLD BREED 89 123736351A WITH 110 M 4 Amrita – Silver AWWP QA008, Blue AWWP QA073 HOLD BREED 85 276096900350441 WITH 111 F 4 Raffy – Silver AWWP QA009, Red AWWP QA055 HOLD SEE No available males. 27609600355926 NOTES 112 F 4 Yara – Silver AWWP QA010, Violet AWWP QA109 HOLD SEE No available males. 276096900361564 NOTES 113 F 4 Bruna – Silver AWWP QA 011, Black AWWP QA 108 HOLD BREED 81 276096900348526 WITH 115 F 2 Sibele – Gold AWWP QA 039 HOLD SEE Suitable for pairing in 2012 276096901029644 NOTES 116 M 2 Ernie – Gold AWWP QA 040, Gold AWWP QA 041 HOLD SEE Suitable for pairing in 2012 276096901014986 NOTES 118 M 2 Peanuts – Gold AWWP QA 043, Green AWWP QA143 HOLD SEE Suitable for pairing in 2012 276096901017528 NOTES 119 F 2 Catrin – Gold AWWP QA 044, Bronze AWWP QA 020 HOLD SEE Suitable for pairing in 2012 276096901036890 NOTES 121 F 1 Christiana, Gold AWWP QA045, Blue AWWP QA090 HOLD SEE Suitable for pairing in 2012 276096901054645 NOTES

Spix’s macaw – Annual Report and Recommendations 2011 20 Mar 2011 Page 26 Prepared by Ryan Watson - Blue Macaw Coordinator – Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation

122 F 1 Zara, Gold AWWP QA046, Red AWWP QA056 HOLD SEE Suitable for pairing in 2012 276096901055740 NOTES 123 F 1 Monalyssa, Gold AWWP QA047, Violet AWWP QA110 HOLD SEE Suitable for pairing in 2012 276096901041522 NOTES 124 F 1 Sophia, Gold AWWP QA048, Black AWWP QA107 HOLD SEE Suitable for pairing in 2012 276096901041819 NOTES 125 M 1 Ryan, Bronze AWWP QA022 HOLD SEE Suitable for pairing in 2012 276096901040003 NOTES 126 F 1 Emily, Bronze AWWP QA023, Bronze AWWP QA024 HOLD SEE Suitable for pairing in 2012 276096901061291 NOTES Summary: 21 males, 33 females

GUTH M (ACTP): Institutional notes: ID Sex Age Additional Info Disposition Breeding With Notes 53 F 14 78 97 0011 Hold BREED WITH 59 Not a good pairing genetically, but they are producing 00 0617 B8DA offspring. Will remain together until #53 is exhausted as a 59 M 14 78 98 0008 Hold BREED WITH 53 breeder, which is likely to be within the next 3 years. 00 0617 FE91 114 F 2 Frieda ACTP-001/2008 Hold SEE NOTES No available males. 127 M 0 Hold Hatched January 2011 128 F 0 Hold Hatched January 2011 Summary: 2 males, 3 females

LYMINGFND (LF): Institutional notes: ID Sex Age Additional Info Disposition Breeding With Notes 76 M 27 Presley HOLD RETIRED Too old to breed, but worth trying to extract sperm for AI 977200001200569 Summary: 1 male, 0 female

Spix’s macaw – Annual Report and Recommendations 2011 20 Mar 2011 Page 27 Prepared by Ryan Watson - Blue Macaw Coordinator – Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation

SAO PAULO (SPZ): Institutional notes: ID Sex Age Additional Info Disposition Location Breeding With Notes 5 M 24 16345635 HOLD SAO PAULO BREED WITH 109 45 M 16 2091 SEND TO TENERIFE SEE NOTES To be paired with either female 95 or 73. 977200000667648 74 F 10 977200001087774 HOLD SAO PAULO DO NOT BREED Has a non-functioning ovary. 109 F 4 Mela, LPF07095001 HOLD SAO PAULO BREED WITH 5 938000000253853 Summary: Before transfers: 2 males, 2 female After transfers: 1 male, 2 females

TENERIFE (LPF): Institutional notes: ID Sex Age Additional Info Disposition Location Breeding With Notes 6 M 24 Lampiao HOLD TENERIFE BREED WITH 96 977200001039114 26 F 19 LP92/1155 HOLD TENERIFE BREED WITH 44 44 M 16 2090 HOLD TENERIFE BREED WITH 26 977200000683274 45 M 16 2091 RECEIVE SAO PAULO SEE NOTES To be paired with either female 95 or 73, 977200000667648 FROM 73 F 10 Flor HOLD TENERIFE SEE NOTES Possible future mate for either male 44 or 977200001154285 45. 82 M 7 Ch9.5 5311040010 HOLD TENERIFE BREED WITH 94 94 F 7 Arabella LPF04095075 HOLD TENERIFE BREED WITH 82 938000000239197 95 F 6 Turquesa LPF04095125 HOLD TENERIFE SEE NOTES One of two mate selections for male 45. 938000000235636 96 F 5 Bonita LPF06095200 HOLD TENERIFE BREED WITH 6 938000000253853 120 F 1 Yara, LPF10095040 HOLD TENERIFE SEE NOTES Still young, no available males. Summary: Before transfers: 3 males, 6 females After transfers: 4 males, 6 females

Spix’s macaw – Annual Report and Recommendations 2011 20 Mar 2011 Page 28 Prepared by Ryan Watson - Blue Macaw Coordinator – Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation

Appendix 5: Studbook Export Filters for Genetic and Demographic Analyses

Studbook information: Data exported on: 09.03 2011 from SPARKS v1.55 Data compiled by: Ryan Watson Contact info: Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation [email protected] Data current thru: 10 March 2011 Scope of data: International

Software used: Citation SPARKS 1.55 ISIS. 2006. Single Population Analysis and Records Keeping System, version 1.55. Eagan, MN. PM2000 1.213 Pollak, J. P., R. C. Lacy and J. D. Ballou. 2005. Population Management 2000, version 1.213. Chicago Zoological Society, Brookfield, IL. MS-Excel 07 Microsoft Office Excel 2007. Spix’s Genetics 1.4 Ryan Watson, Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation

Appendix 6: Animals Excluded From Genetic Analysis

Stbk no. Local ID Sex Reason removed from analysis 16 4180 0.1 This specimen has been retired from breeding on the advice of veterinary staff. In February 2005, a routine annual health check which included endoscopy revealed that this female had few active follicles remaining and the ovary was described as “looking old” by Dr. Susan Clubb. Dr. Clubb felt that it was possible to get one more fertile clutch from her but more than this was unlikely. She went on to lay two BII 318, BII 551 fertile eggs in April 2005, both of which successfully hatched and were hand-reared. Two more clutches of 3 and 1 were laid later that year, all of which were infertile and poor in quality. The time period between egg laying was uncharacteristically long (16days between eggs 1 and 2 – clutch 2), another indication that she was nearing her reproductive end. A subsequent health check in February 2006 revealed other health issues which led to the decision to retire her from breeding. She is well represented by 5.10 offspring, 5.9 of which are living. 74 9772000001087774 0.1 Has a non-functioning ovary. 76 Presley 1.0 Old and handicapped. 977200001200569

Spix’s macaw – Annual Report and Recommendations 2011 20 Mar 2011 Page 29 Prepared by Ryan Watson - Blue Macaw Coordinator – Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation

Appendix 7: Definitions

Demographic Terms

Age Distribution -- A two-way classification showing the numbers or percentages of individuals in various age and sex classes. Population Growth Rate (Lambda, λ) -- The proportional change in population size from one year to the next. Lambda can be based on life-table calculations (the expected lambda) or from observed changes in population size from year to year. A lambda of 1.11 means a 11% per year increase; lambda of .97 means a 3% decline in size per year. lx, Age-Specific Survivorship – The probability that a new individual (e.g., age 0) is alive at the beginning of age x. Alternatively, the proportion of individuals which survive from birth to the beginning of a specific age class. Mx, Fecundity – The average number of same-sexed young born to animals in that age class. Because SPARKS is typically using relatively small sample sizes, SPARKS calculates Mx as 1/2 the average number of young born to animals in that age class. This provides a somewhat less "noisy" estimate of Mx, though it does not allow for unusual sex ratios. The fecundity rates provide information on the age of first, last, and maximum reproduction. Vx, Reproductive Value – The expected number of offspring produced this year and in future years by an animal of age x. Ex, Life Expectancy – Average years of further life for an animal in age class x.

Genetic Terms

(Founder) Contribution -- Number of copies of a founder's genome that are present in the living descendants. Each offspring contributes 0.5, each grand-offspring contributes 0.25, etc. Current Gene Diversity (GD) -- The proportional gene diversity (as a proportion of the source population) is the probability that two alleles from the same locus sampled at random from the population will be identical by descent. Gene diversity is calculated from allele frequencies, and is the heterozygosity expected in progeny produced by random mating, and if the population were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Effective Population Size (Inbreeding Ne) -- The size of a randomly mating population of constant size with equal sex ratio and a Poisson distribution of family sizes that would (a) result in the same mean rate of inbreeding as that observed in the population, or (b) would result in the same rate of random change in gene frequencies (genetic drift) as observed in the population. These two definitions are identical only if the population is demographically stable (because the rate of inbreeding depends on the distribution of alleles in the parental generation, whereas the rate of gene frequency drift is measured in the current generation). Founder – An individual obtained from a source population (often the wild) that has no known relationship to any individuals in the derived population (except for its own descendants). Founder Genome Equivalents (FGE) – The number wild-caught individuals (founders) that would produce the same amount of gene diversity as does the population under study. The gene diversity of a population is 1 - 1 / (2 * FGE). Founder Genome Surviving – The sum of allelic retentions of the individual founders (i.e., the product of the mean allelic retention and the number of founders). Inbreeding Coefficient (F) -- Probability that the two alleles at a genetic locus are identical by descent from an ancestor common to both parents. The mean inbreeding coefficient of a population will be the proportional decrease in observed heterozygosity relative to the expected heterozygosity of the founder population. KV, Kinship Value – The weighted mean kinship of an animal, with the weights being the reproductive values of each of the kin. The mean kinship value of a population predicts the loss of gene diversity expected in the subsequent generation if all animals were to mate randomly and all were to produce the numbers of offspring expected for animals of their age. Mean Generation Time (T) -- The average time elapsing from reproduction in one generation to the time the next generation reproduces. Also, the average age at which a female (or male) produces offspring. It is not the age of first reproduction. Males and females often have different generation times. Spix’s macaw – Annual Report and Recommendations 2011 20 Mar 2011 Page 30 Prepared by Ryan Watson - Blue Macaw Coordinator – Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation

Appendix 8: Institutional Representatives

LYMINGFND SAO PAULO Lymington Foundation Fundacao Parque Zoological de Sao Paulo (SPZ) Caixa Postal 50 – Palmeiras Av. Miguel Stefano 4241 Juquitiba, Sao Paulo Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo Brazil 04301- 905 Brazil Phone: +55 11 5073 8020 Phone: +55 11 4683 1835 Fax: +55 11 5058 0564 Fax: Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Contact person: Fernanda Vaz Contact person: Linda or Bill Wittkoff AL WABRA TENERIFE Al-Wabra Wildlife Preservation (AWWP) Loro Parque Fundacion (LPF) PO Box: 44069 Fundacion Canaria Loro Parque Doha, State of Qatar Puerto de La Cruz, T, Canary Islands Spain E-38400 Phone: +974 4471 8708 Phone: +34 922 374081 (ext) 272 Fax: +974 4471 8707 Fax: +34 922 375021 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Contact person: Ryan Watson Contact person: David Waugh

GUTH M Association for the Conservation of Threatened Parrots (ACTP) Friesenstr 21 15566 Schoneiche bei Berlin, Germany Phone: +4930 64388614 Fax: +4930 64388615 Email: [email protected] Contact person: Martin Guth

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Appendix 9: Acknowledgments

I would like to thank His Excellency Sheikh Saoud Bin Mohd. Bin Ali Al-Thani for allowing me the time to work on this report. I would also like to thank Prof. Cristina Miyaki and colleagues for their work in providing me with the microsatellite data and Laurie Lackey of ISIS for providing technical support for the SPARKS and PM2000 software programs.

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73 76 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 27 28 Flor Presley AI LY SPZ SPZ SPZ LPF Rel LPF LPF BII SA SA LPF LY

19 74 26 CC SPZ 25 29 30 921155 LPF SA SA LPF 94 95 96 109 120 15614 16030 18428 18604 22690 LPF LPF LPF SPZ LPF 11 12 44 114 BII BII 14484 Freída LPF ACTP

15 16 33 31 32 46 34 35 36 39 40 48 49 17? 13 14 18 38 45 47 4185 4180 4183 4378 4184 4269 569 597 4270 4336 4362 4369 4182 4334 BII BII BII BII SPZ BII AW AW? AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW

63 64 67 86 89 90 110 111 112 87 88 91 92 93 37 113 4379 5829 6293 6299 7097 7100 7107 6200 6212 6347 6353 6359 AW 4380 4361 4365 7195 AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW

60 61 62 65 66 68 69 70 71 72 79 80 81 84 85 20? 21 4268 595 594 4367 4273 4181 4363 4364 4267 4366 4272 4368 4271 5158 5170 4333 Häm AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW

124 125 22 126 123 122 121 119 118 117 116 115 23 24 9473 9475 4332 9488 9452 9319 9311 8647 8637 8428 8425 8422 Ham BII AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW

43 50 51 54 55 56 57 58 59 41 42 52 53 4327 3254 4338 3252 3253 4335 4331 3255 Richie BII Mess Ham ACTP AW AW AW AW AW AW AW AW ACTP

75 77 78 82 83 127 128 4328 4337 4339 Ferdinand 4595 Felix Kiki AW AW AW LPF AW ACTP ACTP Appendix 10. Spix’s Macaw Pedigree. The draft pedigree is the sum of known data and investigative information collected up to 01.03.2011, based on published and unpublished data from J. Ballou, R. Messer, A. de Dios, N. Schischakin, M. Reinschmidt, M. Guth, J. Haemmerli. Legend: Blue frame: founder bird. Square: male, Circle: female. Grey: dead. Colored (according to different holding institutions): alive. Current or last known location: AI = Criadouro Arco Iris, AW = AWWP, BII = Birds International Inc., Häm = Hämmerli, Inder = Indermauer, LPF = Loro Parque Fundación, LY = Fundacão Lymington, Mess = Messer, ACTP = Association for the Conservation of Threatened Parrots, Rel = released female, SA = Santos Carvalho, SPZ = São Paulo Zoo. 3- and 4-digit numbers are stocklist number of AWWP. ISB: International Studbook number. Total # birds recorded: 128 (60.66.2) Total # alive and under studbook management : 73 (29.44). Information on current status of Stdb numbers 23 and 52 is not available. Appendix 11: Genetic Similarity Value (GSV). Ranking of males in order of compatibility to female Spix's Macaws with reproductive potential. 01.03.2011

Rank Local ID Stbk# 1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132GSV 1 17099 5 61 46 72 109 94 91 90 53 95 93 92 85 112 60 55 54 87 96 43 50 62 22 77 26 48 86 111 113 71 67 68 73 -26.3 2 7097 110 61 46 95 93 112 85 67 68 91 90 48 62 22 77 53 94 87 72 109 92 73 60 96 113 71 55 54 43 111 86 50 26 -16.92 3 4333 20 86 111 60 113 71 26 109 72 92 90 87 50 85 112 62 94 54 55 48 61 46 91 93 95 67 68 77 96 73 53 43 22 -15.78 4 4339 78 67 95 93 112 85 48 68 91 90 73 87 61 46 113 62 22 92 71 94 77 60 96 72 109 53 111 86 43 55 54 26 50 -13.77 5 Lampio 6 54 55 92 94 53 60 87 50 109 72 91 26 96 43 113 93 95 48 90 86 111 46 61 77 71 112 85 62 67 22 73 68 -10.04 6 Ferdinand 82 26 113 71 87 60 85 112 109 72 86 111 92 94 93 95 48 50 96 73 90 62 91 61 46 67 68 22 43 55 54 77 53 -4.38 7 4328 75 26 92 113 60 96 87 50 94 48 72 109 86 111 91 71 93 95 55 54 90 73 85 112 43 67 53 46 61 62 22 68 77 -4.03 8 Richie 59 71 73 112 85 68 113 26 67 86 111 62 22 87 48 95 93 60 96 109 72 90 61 46 50 43 77 92 94 91 55 54 53 -0.32 8 4331 57 71 73 112 85 68 113 26 67 86 111 62 22 87 48 95 93 60 96 109 72 90 61 46 50 43 77 92 94 91 55 54 53 -0.32 9 597 35 50 54 55 26 92 94 43 96 53 87 60 72 109 91 113 48 93 95 86 111 90 61 46 77 71 22 85 112 73 62 67 68 -0.24 10 4363 69 43 94 87 92 26 55 54 50 96 72 109 93 95 60 91 113 53 48 71 46 61 85 112 77 86 111 22 90 73 62 67 68 1.64 11 4272 79 43 96 53 55 54 50 91 92 94 26 22 87 95 93 48 60 72 109 73 90 46 61 77 113 67 86 111 112 85 62 71 68 1.76 12 4595 83 71 111 86 113 26 60 72 109 62 112 85 87 77 68 50 73 43 92 94 55 54 48 67 95 93 90 46 61 96 22 91 53 1.98 13 4184 32 43 22 53 96 46 61 91 94 55 54 77 93 95 50 73 92 87 109 72 48 67 62 68 90 85 112 26 60 111 86 113 71 3.13 14 2091C 45 43 50 77 22 53 54 55 46 61 72 109 62 94 26 96 111 86 92 71 87 68 60 91 95 93 73 90 85 112 113 48 67 3.2 15 4185 15 43 50 53 26 54 55 96 22 77 111 86 92 60 94 73 72 109 62 91 90 61 46 113 71 87 48 67 68 93 95 112 85 3.55 16 6293 89 43 96 93 95 94 87 22 91 92 54 55 53 48 50 26 109 72 73 46 61 85 112 77 113 67 60 71 90 68 62 111 86 4.2 16 4379 63 43 96 93 95 94 87 22 91 92 54 55 53 48 50 26 109 72 73 46 61 85 112 77 113 67 60 71 90 68 62 111 86 4.2 17 4273 66 43 22 96 95 93 73 91 53 48 67 94 87 46 61 112 85 68 77 92 54 55 90 50 26 72 109 62 113 60 71 111 86 4.71 18 6212 88 22 68 62 77 73 43 67 71 46 61 112 85 86 111 53 50 90 26 96 72 109 95 93 113 55 54 48 60 91 94 87 92 4.85 19 596 34 26 73 96 43 113 48 67 50 111 86 60 92 71 55 54 87 22 91 68 53 90 93 95 112 85 94 77 109 72 62 61 46 5.68 19 4271 81 26 73 96 43 113 48 67 50 111 86 60 92 71 55 54 87 22 91 68 53 90 93 95 112 85 94 77 109 72 62 61 46 5.68 19 14484 44 26 73 96 43 113 48 67 50 111 86 60 92 71 55 54 87 22 91 68 53 90 93 95 112 85 94 77 109 72 62 61 46 5.68 20 4367 65 43 22 77 26 50 96 71 109 72 94 73 54 55 87 62 68 53 95 93 61 46 112 85 111 86 92 113 48 67 60 91 90 6.78

Current pairings in bold A r index < -0.84 B r index > -0.84 and < -0.38 C r index > -0.38 and < 0.08 D r index > 0.08 and < 0.54 E r index > 0.54 Heterozygosity: -35.06 Appendix 12: Genetic similarity value (GSV). Ranking of females in order of compatibility to male Spix's Macaws with reproductive potential. 01.03.2011

Rank Local ID Stbk# 123456789101112131415161718192021222324GSV 1 4327 43 65 63 89 45 79 66 15 32 69 35 5 6 44 34 81 88 75 110 83 78 82 59 57 20 -21.13 2 4332 22 32 66 88 45 5 110 65 89 63 15 78 79 57 59 81 44 34 82 69 35 83 75 6 20 -11.74 3 Bonita 96 79 63 89 75 35 5 66 6 69 32 34 81 44 15 82 78 110 65 45 59 57 20 83 88 -9.23 4 Flor 73 59 57 44 34 81 78 66 88 110 82 75 32 63 89 83 65 79 15 20 5 69 35 45 6 -8.79 5 921155 26 75 20 35 82 44 81 34 6 69 15 83 79 57 59 5 65 63 89 45 32 66 78 88 110 -8.52 6 3254 50 35 15 6 75 45 5 79 20 69 82 65 63 89 32 81 34 44 83 57 59 66 88 110 78 -5.34 7 4337 77 45 5 8811065781532 6 832066698963357957594481348275 -3.08 8 53 6 5 79 15 32 35 45 110 89 63 66 69 78 65 34 44 81 20 75 88 83 82 59 57 -0.32 9 4181 68 78 88 11059578320 5 82666544813432451563897579 6 6935 -0.24 10 3252 54 6 35 5 79 69 15 45 20 75 89 63 32 110 65 34 81 44 66 83 78 82 88 57 59 1.01 10 3253 55 6 35 5 79 69 15 45 20 75 89 63 32 110 65 34 81 44 66 83 78 82 88 57 59 1.01 11 4365 67 78 110 57 59 66 81 44 34 88 20 5 82 75 32 83 63 89 79 65 15 6 69 35 45 1.04 12 Turquesa 95 78 110 5 89 63 66 6 69 82 75 32 79 59 57 35 20 65 81 44 34 83 45 88 15 2.13 12 6359 93 78 110 5 89 6366 6 6982753279595735206581443483458815 2.13 13 4369 48 78 110 75 5 6 82 20 66 63 89 34 44 81 79 69 59 57 35 32 83 65 15 88 45 2.57 14 4267 71 20 83 82 59 57 7578 51108865 6 694434813545156389796632 2.64 15 6200 87 6 69 75 5 82 20 78 35 89 63 110 79 59 57 83 66 65 34 44 81 32 45 15 88 2.83 16 594 62 5 88 110 20 45 78 57 59 83 82 65 15 32 6 75 66 69 35 81 34 44 89 63 79 2.94 17 5170 85 78 110 5 59 57 20 82 83 75 66 88 63 89 6 69 65 32 44 81 34 35 45 79 15 3.55 17 7107 112 78 110 5 59 57 20 82 83 75 66 88 63 89 6 69 65 32 44 81 34 35 45 79 15 3.55 18 1561 94 5669 35 75 89 63 79 110 20 82 78 45 32 66 65 15 83 59 57 34 44 81 88 3.61 19 7195 113 20 75 82 83 59 57 6 78 81 34 44 69 5 35 110 63 89 79 65 15 66 88 45 32 3.95 20 6347 91 51106 7879357563896632 69 20 82 81 44 34 15 45 59 57 65 83 88 4.5 21 7100 111 20 83 82 75 59 57 6 5 34 81 44 15 35 78 110 88 69 45 65 79 63 89 32 66 4.71 21 5829 86 20 83 82 75 59 57 6 5 34 81 44 15 35 78 110 88 69 45 65 79 63 89 32 66 4.71 22 6353 92 6 75 5 35 20 69 79 82 89 63 110 78 34 44 81 15 32 66 83 45 59 57 65 88 4.85 23 4366 72 5 20 6 69 82 75 35 45 110 83 78 89 63 65 79 57 59 15 32 66 88 81 44 34 5.1 23 Mela 109 5 20 6 69 82 75 35 45 110 83 78 89 63 65 79 57 59 15 32 66 88 81 44 34 5.1 24 4269 46 5 110784532 6 208266886389693579655957751583814434 5.68 24 595 61 5 110 78 45 32 6 20 82 66 88 63 89 69 35 79 65 59 57 75 15 83 81 44 34 5.68 25 4268 60 20 6 75 5 82 35 69 83 78 110 79 81 34 44 59 57 15 63 89 45 65 32 66 88 6.4 26 6299 90 5 2011078 6 75827935595744813432158366886963894565 6.78

Current pairings in bold A r index < -0.84 B r index > -0.84 and < -0.38 C r index > -0.38 and < 0.08 D r index > 0.08 and < 0.54 E r index > 0.54 Heterozygosity: 18.08 Appendix 13: Individual Overview - Spix's Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii)

Stdb Sex Sire Dam Location Since Event Local ID / Leg Band Transponder Ranking GSV Pen Mate Breeding History and other Comment No# Date House Name Left / Right 1 F Wild Wild Curaca ~ 1994 Capture Never Reproduced Petrolina ~ 1983 Transfer Arco iris ~ 1984 Transfer Arco Iris Death 2 F Wild Wild Curaca ~ 1976 Hatch AVID 017577526 Never Reproduced Curaca ~ 1976 Capture Petrolina ~ 1976 Transfer Simon ~ 1976 Transfer Sao Paulo 14/07/1976 Transfer 10360 Tenerife 20/07/1995 Loan to Chaparral 25/09/2002 Loan to Sao Paulo 16/10/2003 Transfer Lymington 14/06/2006 Loan to Maria Bonita Lymington 07/06/2008 Death Old age 3 M Wild Wild Curaca ~ 1976 Capture Never Reproduced Petrolina ~ 1976 Transfer Simon ~ 1976 Transfer Sao Paulo 01/06/1976 Transfer 10358 Sao Paulo 01/11/1996 Death 10358 4 M Wild Wild Curaca ~ 1976 Capture Never Reproduced Petrolina ~ 1976 Transfer Simon ~ 1976 Transfer Sao Paulo 01/06/1976 Transfer 10359 Sao Paulo 27/09/1988 Death 10359 5 M Wild Wild Curaca ~ 1987 Capture 16345635 1 -26.3 Likely infertile Petrolina ~ 1987 Transfer Paraguay ~ 1987 Transfer Sao Paulo 26/03/1987 Transfer 17099 Tenerife 20/07/1995 Transfer Sao Paulo 26/11/2003 Transfer 109 Paired in 2010. Individual Overview - Spix's Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) Stdb Sex Sire Dam Location Since Event Local ID / Leg Band Transponder Ranking GSV Pen Mate Breeding History and other Comments No# Date House Name Left / Right 6 M Wild Wild Curaca ~ 1987 Capture 977200001039114 7 -10.04 96 Produced offspring #73 and #74 when Petrolina ~ 1987 Transfer paired with female #19. Paraguay 01/03/1987 Transfer No eggs produced when paired with #2 Sao Paulo 26/03/1997 Transfer 17100 and #73. Five non-developing clutches Chaparral 06/06/1991 Loan to produced with female 96 in 2010/11. Sao Paulo 16/10/2003 Transfer Lymington 14/06/2006 Loan to Lampiao Tenerife 16/03/2009 Loan to 7 F Wild Wild Curaca 01/06/1987 Capture Bred in wild, like ly the dam of many of Petrolina 01/06/1987 Transfer many of the founder captive stock and Recife De 01/10/1987 Transfer former mate of the last known wild bird. Chaparral 07/10/1987 Transfer Cpraa-Pro 23/09/1994 Transfer Curaca 17/03/1995 Release 8 F Wild Wild Curaca ~ 1983 Capture F00404 7F7E663A53 Produced offspring #25 and #26 when Tenerife ~ 1984 Transfer paired with #9. Tenerife 05/11/1993 Death 9 M Wild Wild Curaca ~ 1983 Capture G00337 7F7E665268 Produced offspring #25 and #26 when Tenerife ~ 1984 Transfer paired with #8. Tenerife ~ 2000 Death 10 M Wild Wild Curaca ~ 1975 Capture ZA 65633 Never Reproduced Walsrode ~ 1976 Transfer Dom Repu 01/01/1982 Transfer 65633 Walsrode 01/10/1989 Transfer 65633 Arco Iris 19/10/1990 Transfer Birds Int 20/10/1990 Transfer Birds Int 13/09/1999 Death 11 M Wild Wild Curaca ~ 1979 Capture Sired the following offspring; Singapore ~ 1979 Transfer #13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 31, 32, 33, 36 Birds Int 10/11/1979 Transfer 38, 39, 40, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, and 49. Birds Int 15/02/1999 Death All with female #12. 12 F Wild Wild Curaca ~ 1978 Captue Produced the following offspring; Singapore ~ 1979 Transfer #13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 31, 32, 33, 36 Birds Int 10/11/1979 Transfer 38, 39, 40, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49. Sire #11 Birds Int 15/11/1999 Death 63, 64 and 67 sired by # 33. Individual Overview - Spix's Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) Stdb Sex Sire Dam Location Since Event Local ID / Leg Band Transponder Ranking GSV Pen Mate Breeding History and other Comments No# Date House Name Left / Right 13 F 11 12 Birds Int 28/04/1982 Hatch BII 381 BII 381 Produced #34, 35 and 37. Sire #15 Birds Int 02/04/1997 Death 14 M 11 12 Birds Int 26/04/1982 Hatch BII 380 BII 380 Never reproduced Birds Int ~ 1982 Death 15 M 11 12 Birds Int 29/06/1988 Hatch BII 317 BII 317 (R) 29 3.55 B22-7 55 Sire of the following offspring; Al Wabra 15/11/2003 Transfer 4185 #60, 61, 62, 65, 65, 66, 69, 70, 71, 72, 80 81, 84 and 85, all with female #16 (4180 16 F 11 12 Birds Int 02/07/1988 Hatch BII 318 BII 318 (R) EXC B15-30 Produced the following offspring; Al Wabra 15/11/2003 Transfer 4180 BII 551 (L) #60, 61, 62, 65, 65, 66, 69, 70, 71, 72, 80 81, 84 and 85, all with male #15 (4185) Retired from breeding/health reasons 17 F 11 12 Birds Int 12/06/1989 Hatch BII 375 Leg band is 968000000706442 Recorded as being the dam of the Hammerli 14/03/1992 Transfer missing. True followng offspring: 41, 42, 43, 50, 51, 52, Messer 02/08/1999 Transfer identity of this 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58 and 59. There are A. Swiss 25/02/2004 Transfer 4334 bird is in doubt. reasons to suspect that this may not Al Wabra 25/09/2005 Transfer 4334 be true. Doesn't behave like a breeder! Al Wabra 01/09/2007 Death 4334 Died from PDD 18 F 11 12 Birds Int 15/05/1990 Hatch BII 647 BII 647 (R) 7F7E667D55 Never reproduced. Birds Int 14/09/1999 Death 19 F 11 12 Birds Int 15/05/1990 Hatch BII 648 BII 648 (R) 7F7E666800 Produced offspring #73 and 74 Chaparral 15/11/1995 Transfer Sired by #6. Chaparral 18/02/2000 Death 20 M Wild Wild Curaca ~ 1976 Capture 00 0618 1E17 4 -15.78 B21-4 62 Sire of 18 offspring, 13 of which are still Leumann ~ 1977 Transfer alive. Prone to obesity. Hammerli 01/01/1978 Transfer CH1 Messer 02/09/1999 Transfer Damaged beak Re-partnered in February 09' A. Swiss 25/02/2004 Transfer 4333 Sired ND eggs in 2009. Al Wabra 24/09/2005 Transfer 4333 2 offspirng (124, 125) in 2010. 21 F Wild Wild Curaca ~ 1976 Capture Produced offspring #22, 23 and 24 Leumann ~ 1976 Transfer Sire of offspring is #20 (4333) Hammerli 01/01/1978 Transfer CH2 Hammerli 25/05/1990 Death Individual Overview - Spix's Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) Stdb Sex Sire Dam Location Since Event Local ID / Leg Band Transponder Ranking GSV Pen Mate Breeding History and other Comments No# Date House Name Left / Right 22 F 20 21 Hammerli 29/09/1987 Hatch CH3 78-92 00001 (R) 00-0618-23AD 6 -11.74 B21-6 65 Prolific egg layer, but the male she was Messer 02/08/1999 Transfer F 00001 0.1 (L) with (#57) who is likely to be infertile. A. Swiss 25/02/2004 Transfer 4332 Al Wabra 24/09/2005 Transfer 4332 23 M 20 21 Hammerli 10/07/1989 Hatch CH4 Don't know what happened to this bird. Messer 02/08/1999 Transfer LTFU 24 M 20 21 Hammerli 24/05/1990 Hatch CH5 Never reproduced Birds Int 07/03/1992 Transfer BII 601 Birds Int 08/04/2000 Death 25 M 9 8 Tenerife 18/03/1992 Hatch 921141 LP92/1141 Never reproduced Tenerife 16/01/1993 Death 26 F 9 8 Tenerife 21/03/1992 Hatch 921155 LP92/1155 10 -8.52 44 Dam of offspring #94, 95, 96, 109 & 120 All sired by male #44 27 M Wild Wild Curaca ~ 1951 Capture 28 Sired offspring #29 and 30. Santos-SP ~ 1952 Transfer Santos-SP ~ 1974 Death 28 F Wild Wild Curaca ~ 1951 Capture 29 Produced offspring #29 and 30. Santos-SP ~ 1951 Transfer Santos-SP ~ 1971 Death 29 M 27 28 Santos-SP ~ 1957 Hatch Never reproduced Costa ~ 1958 Transfer Sao Paulo 18/06/1960 Transfer SP1614 Sao Paulo 17/07/1976 Death 30 F 27 28 Santos-SP ~ 1967 Hatch Never reproduced Sao Paulo 30/12/1969 Transfer SP2809 Sao Paulo 11/03/1976 Death 31 M 11 12 Birds Int 15/05/1991 Hatch BII 891 BII 891 (R) Never reproduced Al Wabra 08/03/2004 Transfer 4378 Al Wabra 03/02/2005 Death 32 M 11 12 Birds Int 15/05/1991 Hatch BII 890 BII 890 (R) 276096900346140 27 3.13 B21-8 91 Sired offspring 86, 89, 90, 110, 111, 112 Al Wabra 15/11/2003 Transfer 4184 & 113 with female 46 (4269) Individual Overview - Spix's Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) Stdb Sex Sire Dam Location Since Event Local ID / Leg Band Transponder Ranking GSV Pen Mate Breeding History and other Comments No# Date House Name Left / Right 33 M 11 12 Birds Int 27/02/1993 Hatch BII 592 BII 592 (R) Sired offspring #63, 64 and 67 Al Wabra 15/11/2003 Transfer 4183 Mate was #12, who was his mother. Al Wabra 09/12/2003 Death 34 M 11 12 Birds Int 07/03/1993 Hatch BII 595 BII 595 (R) 0002-050-E23 37 5.68 B21-7 48 Has sired 6 developing eggs with #55, Al Wabra 23/02/2000 Transfer 596 1 with #50, but none have hatched. Re-partnered in December 10' 35 M 11 12 Birds Int 03/04/1993 Hatch BII 624 BII 624 (R) 00-0205-0BD1 16 -0.24 B21-10 43 Sired of chicks 115, 116, 117, 118, 119 Al Wabra 23/02/2000 Transfer 597 121, 122, 123, 126 with female #43

36 M 11 12 Birds Int 11/04/1993 Hatch BII 625 BII 625 (R) Never reproduced Al Wabra 10/01/2004 Transfer 4270 Al Wabra 29/10/2004 Death 37 M 15 13 Birds Int 31/08/1993 Hatch BII 875 BII 875 (R) Never reproduced Al Wabra 08/03/2004 Transfer 4380 Al Wabra 05/10/2004 Death 38 M 11 12 Birds Int 05/04/1994 Hatch BII 1305 BII 1305 (R) Never reproduced Birds Int 30/06/2001 Death 39 F 11 12 Birds Int 05/04/1994 Hatch BII 1306 BII 1306 (R) 00-0617-CA01 Has laid one fertile egg in the past Hammerli 27/10/1994 Transfer which failed to hatch. Chronic feather Messer 02/08/1999 Transfer mutilator A. Swiss 25/02/2004 Transfer 4336 Al Wabra 24/09/2005 Transfer Has classic PDD symptoms Al Wabra 21/02/2010 Death Died of PDD. 40 M 11 12 Birds Int 08/04/1994 Hatch BII 1307 BII 1307 (R) 123847623A Sired offspring #87, 88, 91, 92 and 93 Al Wabra 06/03/2004 Transfer 4362 Bird #48 (4369) is dam to all his offspring Al Wabra 05/04/2010 Death Paired with #22 in Feb 09' ND eggs 10' Died of a combination of trauma & drug overdose. 41 M 20 17 Hammerli 28/11/1993 Hatch BII 1506 BII 1506 (R) Never reproduced Birds Int 15/10/1994 Transfer 780002/92 (L) Birds Int 09/04/2000 Death 42 M 20 17 Hammerli ~ 1995 Hatch 78/000192 Sired offspring #75, 77 and 78. Messer 02/08/1999 Transfer Bird #43 (4327) - dam to all offspring Messer ~ 2002 Death Individual Overview - Spix's Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) Stdb Sex Sire Dam Location Since Event Local ID / Leg Band Transponder Ranking GSV Pen Mate Breeding History and other Comments No# Date House Name Left / Right 43 F 20 17 Hammerli 01/07/1995 Hatch 78 95 0001 (R) 00-0617-C611 2 -21.13 B21-10 35 Produced offspring #75, 77 and 78. Messer 02/08/1999 Transfer Sired by male #42 A. Swiss 25/02/2004 Transfer 4327 Dam of chicks 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, Al Wabra 25/09/2005 Transfer ` 121, 122, 123, 126 with male #35. 44 M 11 12 Birds Int 03/04/1995 Hatch 2090C 2092 (R) 977200000683274 37 5.68 26 Sired offspring #94, 95, 96, 109 & 120. Sao Paulo 15/10/1996 Transfer Bird #26 is dam to all the above offspring. Tenerife 04/12/2003 Loan to 14484 Sired offspring 114 with female #53 ACTP 28/01/2007 Loan to Tenerife 24/11/2008 Loan to Re-partnered with female 26 early 09' 45 M 11 12 Birds Int 05/04/1995 Hatch 2091C 2091 (R) 977200000667648 28 3.2 Never reproduced, but is actively Sao Paulo 25/10/1996 Transfer engaging in breeding activity. Pending transfer to LPF to pair with 73/95 46 F 11 12 Birds Int 08/04/1995 Hatch 2067C BII 2067 (R) 276096900353009 37 5.68 B15-30 Produced offspring #86, 89, 90, 110, 111. Al Wabra 10/01/2004 Transfer 4269 BII 381 (L) 112 and 113. Sired by male #32. Stopped laying eggs, so no pairing for the time being as there are no available males 47 F 11 12 Birds Int 11/04/1995 Hatch 2084C BII 2084 (R) Never reproduced. Birds Int 24/03/2002 Death 48 F 11 12 Birds Int 29/05/1995 Hatch 258C BII 258 (R) 123677513A 23 2.57 B21-7 34 Produced offspring #87, 88, 91, 92 & 93 Al Wabra 06/03/2004 Transfer 4369 BII B 384 (L) Sired by #40 (4362). Laid ND eggs in 2010' 49 F 11 12 Birds Int 30/05/1995 Hatch 259C BII B 259 (R) Never reproduced. Al Wabra 15/11/2003 Transfer 4182 BII B 385 (L) Al Wabra 09/04/2004 Death 50 F 20 17 Hammerli 20/01/1996 Hatch 950001 0001 78 96 123649143 11 -5.34 B21-2 69 Has laid mis-shapen, infertile eggs. Messer 02/08/1999 Transfer Suspicious for PDD in Feb 2005 but Al Wabra 20/11/2002 Transfer 3254 had no obvious lesions in Feb 2006 Laid a fertile egg in 2008, but it died early in development. ND eggs in 09' & 10' Paired with 69 December 11' 51 M 20 17 Hammerli 22/05/1996 Hatch 960001 Incapable of breeding, has no feet and Messer 02/08/1999 Transfer Footless no primary flight feathers. Badly feathe A. Swiss 25/02/2004 Transfer 4338 plucked and has self mutilated his skin. Al Wabra 25/09/2005 Transfer Al Wabra 11/05/2008 Death Died of the classic form of PDD. 52 M 20 17 Hammerli 01/06/1997 Hatch Never reproduced Messer 02/08/1999 Transfer Individual Overview - Spix's Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) Stdb Sex Sire Dam Location Since Event Local ID / Leg Band Transponder Ranking GSV Pen Mate Breeding History and other Comments No# Date House Name Left / Right 53 F 20 17 Hammerli 01/06/1997 Hatch 78 97 0011 (R) 00 0617 B8DA 15 -0.32 59 Produced offspring #82 & #83 in 2004 Messer 02/08/1999 Transfer 11 and #127 & #128 in 2011, All sired by A. Swiss 25/02/2004 Transfer 4329 male #59. SMCG 23/07/2005 Transfer 1 offspring (114) in 08' sired by male #44 54 F 20 17 Hammerli ~ 1997 Hatch 968000000687552 17 1.01 B21-5 79 Has exhibited reproductive activity but is Messer 02/08/1999 Transfer yet to lay any eggs. Al Wabra 20/11/2002 Transfer 3252 55 F 20 17 Hammerli ~ 1996 Hatch 968000000695115 17 1.01 B22-7 15 Has laid fertile eggs with male #34 but Messer 02/08/1999 Transfer none have hatched. Re-paired in Feb 09' Al Wabra 20/11/2002 Transfer 3253 with #15, lots nest activity but no eggs. 56 M 20 17 Hammerli ~ 1997 Hatch 78 98 0002 (R) 00 0618 2307 Sired 1 fertile egg with mate #39 (4336) Messer 02/08/1999 Transfer 2 A. Swiss 25/02/2004 Transfer 4335 Al Wabra 24/09/2005 Transfer 4335 Al Wabra 15/11/2005 Death 57 M 20 17 Hammerli ~ 1997 Hatch 78 98 0004 (R) 00-0617-E46F 15 -0.32 B22-3 71 Sire of many non-developing eggs. Messer 02/08/1999 Transfer Re-paired in December 2010' with 71. A. Swiss 25/02/2004 Transfer 4331 Al Wabra 24/09/2005 Transfer 4331 58 M 20 17 Hammerli ~ 1998 Hatch 0005 78 98 (R) 123566215A Never reproduced Messer 02/08/1999 Transfer Al Wabra 20/11/2002 Transfer 3255 Al Wabra 27/04/2003 Death 59 M 20 17 Hammerli ~ 1997 Hatch 78 98 0008 (R) 00 0617 FE91 15 -0.32 53 Sired offspring #82, #83, #127 & #128 Messer 02/08/1999 Transfer 8 with female #53. A. Swiss 25/02/2004 Transfer 4330 Re-partnered with female 53 in Nov 10' ACTP 23/07/2005 Transfer Richie after a falied pairing attempt with female Itaipu Bi 10/02/2007 Transfer #73 from June 07' to Oct 10' Lymington 15/03/2007 Loan to ACTP 14/09/2010 Return to 60 F 15 16 Birds Int 03/07/1998 Hatch 1448 BII 1448 (R) 123656350A 38 6.4 B15-30 Laid ND eggs in 08' 09 & 10' with male Al Wabra 10/01/2004 Transfer 4268 BII 1772 (L) #75. No suitbale mate for 11'. Individual Overview - Spix's Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) Stdb Sex Sire Dam Location Since Event Local ID / Leg Band Transponder Ranking GSV Pen Mate Breeding History and other Comments No# Date House Name Left / Right 61 F 15 16 Birds Int 04/04/1998 Hatch 1342 BII 1342 (R) 0002-050-A22 37 5.68 B22-1 66 Was suspicious for PDD in 2004, but had Al Wabra 23/02/2000 Transfer 595 BII 1825 (L) no obvious lesions in Feb 2006. Shown no interest in breeding. 62 F 15 16 Birds Int 01/04/1998 Hatch 1341 BII 1341 (R) 00-01F0-08CE 26 3.13 B21-4 20 Repartnered in February 09 Al Wabra 23/02/2000 Transfer 594 BII 1 824 (L) Laid ND eggs in 09' 2 offspring (124, 125) in 2010 63 M 33 12 Birds Int 13/04/1999 Hatch 1567 BII 1567 (R) 32 4.2 B22-8 87 Has a chronic sinus problem and is Al Wabra 08/03/2004 Transfer 4379 very temperature sensitive. Paired with #87 Dec 10', nest active 11' 64 M 33 12 Birds Int 18/04/1999 Hatch 1568 BII 1568 (R) 123662727A Yet to reproduce, has small Al Wabra 06/03/2004 Transfer 4361 underdeveloped testes. 20/10/2008 Death Died of PDD, CNS symptoms. 65 M 15 16 Birds Int 22/04/1999 Hatch 1569 BII 1569 (R) 123659171A 39 6.78 B21-6 22 Sired ND eggs 2007, 08, 09. Al Wabra 07/03/2004 Transfer 4367 Repartnered in June 10' ND eggs 11' 66 M 15 16 Birds Int 24/04/1999 Hatch 1570 BII 1570 (R) 123729547A 34 4.71 B22-1 61 Repartnered in Feb 09' ND eggs 10' Al Wabra 10/01/2004 Transfer 4273 Repartnered in Dec 10' 67 F 33 12 Birds Int 11/06/1999 Hatch 1681 BII 1681 (R) 123751762A 18 1.04 B22-2 78 Laid ND eggs 07, 08, 09 & 10'. Al Wabra 06/03/2004 Transfer 4365 Repartnered in Dec 10' with #78 68 F 15 16 Birds Int 07/08/1999 Hatch 1757 BII 1757 (R) 123877252A 16 -0.24 B21-3 88 Repartnered in March 09', ND eggs 10' Al Wabra 15/11/2003 Transfer 4181 Repartnered in Dec 10' with #88. 69 M 15 16 Birds Int 11/08/1999 Hatch 1758 BII 1758 (R) 123676114A 19 1.64 B21-2 50 Sired ND eggs in 2007, 08, 09, 10. Al Wabra 07/03/2004 Transfer 4363 Repartnered in Dec 10' with #50, eggs 11' 70 F 15 16 Birds Int 14/08/1999 Hatch 1762 BII 1762 (R) Has PDD like symptons. Al Wabra 06/03/2004 Transfer 4364 BII 2141 (L) Al Wabra 28/11/2010 Death Died of PDD, classic form. 71 F 15 16 Birds Int 16/08/1999 Hatch 1764 BII 1763 (R) 123649544A 24 2.64 B22-3 57 Repartnered in Dec 10' with #57. Al Wabra 10/01/2004 Transfer 4267 BII 2139 (L)

72 F 15 16 Birds Int 18/08/1999 Hatch 1764 BII 1764 (R) 123667490A 36 5.1 B21-9 75 Had ND eggs in 2007, 08, 09, 10. Al Wabra 06/03/2004 Transfer 4366 BII 2138 (L) Repartnered in Dec 10' with #75. 73 F 6 19 Chaparral 10/10/2000 Hatch 977200001154280 9 -8.79 Has proven to be a prolific egg layer in Sao Paulo 27/02/2003 Transfer season 2006, however they were all Lymington 13/09/2005 Loan to Flor infetile, probably due to the male 76. Tenerife 21/09/2010 Loan to No males available at the moment. 74 F 6 19 Chaparral 10/10/2000 Hatch 977200001087770 EXC Has a non-functioning ovary. Sao Paulo 27/02/2003 Transfer Individual Overview - Spix's Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) Stdb Sex Sire Dam Location Since Event Local ID / Leg Band Transponder Ranking GSV Pen Mate Breeding History and other Comments No# Date House Name Left / Right 75 M 42 43 Messer 10/05/2000 Hatch 968000000459841 13 -4.03 B21-9 72 Sired ND eggs in 2008, 09 & 10. A. Swiss 25/02/2004 Transfer 4328 Repartnered in Dec 10' with #72. Al Wabra 24/09/2005 Transfer 76 M Wild Wild Curaca ~ 1984 Capture 977200001200560 EXC Had non-developing eggs in 2006 with N. America ~ 1985 Transfer Presley female #73. Sao Paulo 23/12/2002 Transfer Currently retired from breeding but could Lymington 13/09/2005 Loan to possibly be used for AI in the future. 77 F 42 43 Messer ~ 2001 Hatch 756098100155440 14 -3.08 B15-30 Yet to reproduce, poor quality bird with A. Swiss 25/02/2004 Transfer 4337 shortened wings and twisted digits Al Wabra 24/09/2005 Transfer 4337 Currently not paired. 78 M 42 43 Messer ~ 2001 Hatch 756098100154633 5 -13.77 B22-2 67 Yet to reproduce, not a particularly good A. Swiss 25/02/2004 Transfer 4339 quality bird, but has improved in condition Al Wabra 24/09/2005 Transfer 4339 in 2006. Has shortened wings, twisted claws and some behavioural problems. 79 M 15 16 Birds Int 03/05/2001 Hatch 9A228 BII 9A228 (R) 123648662A 20 1.76 B21-5 54 Very nice bird but yet to reproduce. Al Wabra 10/01/2004 Transfer 4272 Has been engaging in breeding activity with female #54. 80 F 15 16 Birds Int 27/07/2001 Hatch 9A392 BII 9A392 (R) Never reproduced Al Wabra 06/03/2004 Transfer 4368 Al Wabra 11/12/2005 Death 81 M 11 16 Birds Int 30/08/2001 Hatch 9A393 BII 9A393 (R) 123614356A 37 5.68 B22-5 113 Sired ND eggs in 2010 with #48. Al Wabra 10/01/2004 Transfer 4271 Repartnered in Dec 10' with #113.

82 M 59 53 A. Swiss 10/06/2004 Hatch 4580 CH9.5 5311040010 12 -4.38 94 Produced non-deveoping eggs in 11 SMCG 23/07/2005 Transfer Ferdinand Right leg Tenerife 17/03/2006 Loan to 83 M 59 53 A. Swiss 25/06/2004 Hatch 4595 CH9.5 5311040011 123757161A 21 1.98 B22-6 86 Blind in the right eye, sight impaired in th Tenerife 24/09/2005 Transfer 4595 Right leg left eye. No interest yet in breeding. 84 F 15 16 Al Wabra 01/05/2005 Hatch 5158 - May LDF C 810 (L) 123916770A Died of infection caused by an injury. 25/10/2008 Death 85 F 15 16 Al Wabra 05/05/2005 Hatch 5170 - Ferdi LDF C 811 (L) 123659294A 29 3.55 B22-4 110 Paried in Dec 10' with #110. 86 F 32 46 Al Wabra 23/10/2005 Hatch 5829 - Pixie 123727093A 34 4.71 B22-6 83 No interest in breeding yet. Individual Overview - Spix's Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) Stdb Sex Sire Dam Location Since Event Local ID / Leg Band Transponder Ranking GSV Pen Mate Breeding History and other Comments No# Date House Name Left / Right 87 F 40 48 Al Wabra 23/03/2006 Hatch 6200 Silver AWWP - 276096900343684 25 2.83 B22-8 63 Paired in December 10' with male #63. Harriot QA 001 (L) Have been nest active in 11' 88 M 40 48 Al Wabra 26/03/2006 Hatch 6212 276096900363251 35 4.85 B21-3 68 Was very interested in breeding with #71 Funny Beak but she wasn't ready. Repartnered in Dec 10' with #68. 89 M 32 46 Al Wabra 19/04/2006 Hatch 6293 Silver AWWP - 123565260A 32 4.2 B21-1 93 Had eggs in 09' but nothing since. Dixie QA 002 (R) This bird has behavioral problems. 90 F 32 46 Al Wabra 24/04/2006 Hatch 6299 Silver AWWP - 123736273A 39 6.48 B18-24 Not a good quality bird, do not recommend Trixie QA 003 (L) to breed from her. Silver AWWP - QA 004 (R) 91 F 40 48 Al Wabra 08/05/2006 Hatch 6347 Silver AWWP - 123746625A 33 4.5 B21-8 32 Paired in June 2010, eggs in March 11' Deanne QA 005 (L) Gold AWWP - QA 054 (R) 92 F 40 48 Al Wabra 11/05/2006 Hatch 6353 Silver AWWP - 123909446A 35 4.85 B18-26 No mates available at this stage Simone QA 006 (L) Bronze AWWP - QA 019 (R) 93 F 40 48 Al Wabra 17/05/2006 Hatch 6359 Silver AWWP - 123736351A 22 2.13 B21-1 89 Paired with #89 in February 09' Rianna QA 007 (L) Had 2 ND eggs in 2009. Green AWWP - QA 144 (R) 94 F 44 26 Tenerife 09/06/2004 Hatch 15614 LPF04095075 30 3.61 82 Paired with # 82 in early 06' Arabella Right leg Non developing eggs in 11' 95 F 44 26 Tenerife 24/11/2004 Hatch 16030 LPF04095125 938000000239197 22 2.13 Unpaired Turquesa Right leg 96 F 44 26 Tenerife 17/01/2006 Hatch 18428 LPF06095200 938000000235636 8 -9.23 6 Paired early 2010. Bonita Right leg Non developing eggs in 10' and 11' 97 M Ham/Inderm 21/06/1999 Hatch 0010/83 / 88/99 ACTP-Swi 01/09/2005 LTFU 98 F Ham/Inderm 20/06/1998 Hatch 0004/78/98 ACTP-Swi 01/09/2005 LTFU Individual Overview - Spix's Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) Stdb Sex Sire Dam Location Since Event Local ID / Leg Band Transponder Ranking GSV Pen Mate Breeding History and other Comments No# Date House Name Left / Right 99 M Ham/Inderm 21/06/1999 Hatch 0012/78/99 ACTP-Swi 01/09/2005 LTFU 100 F Ham/Inderm 19/06/1997 Hatch 0004/78/97 ACTP-Swi 01/09/2005 LTFU 101 M Swiss dealer 27/06/2005 Hatch ACTP-Swi 01/01/2006 LTFU 102 M Swiss dealer 27/06/2005 Hatch ACTP-Swi 01/01/2006 LTFU 103 M Swiss dealer 26/06/2004 Hatch ACTP-Swi 01/09/2005 LTFU 104 M Swiss dealer 27/06/2005 Hatch ACTP-Swi 01/01/2006 LTFU 105 F Swiss dealer 26/06/2004 Hatch ACTP-Swi 01/09/2005 LTFU 106 F Swiss dealer May 05' Hatch ACTP-Swi 01/09/2005 LTFU 107 ? 97 98 ACTP-Swi 13/10/2006 Hatch Vic G06/016/BNA LTFU NE/9,5D 108 ? 97 98 ACTP-Swi 17/10/2006 Hatch Peg G06/017/BNA LTFU NE/9,5D 109 F 44 26 Tenerife 28/12/2006 Hatch 18604 LPF07095001 938000000253853 36 5.1 5 Paired Sept 10' with #5. Sao Paulo 23/03/2010 Loan to Mela Right Leg 110 M 32 46 Al Wabra 26/04/2007 Hatch 7097 Silver (L) 276096900350441 3 -16.92 B22-4 85 Paired in Dec 10' with #85 Amrita AWWP QA 008 No interest in breeding yet. Blue (R) AWWP QA 073 111 F 32 46 Al Wabra 28/04/2007 Hatch 7100 Silver (L) 27609600355926 34 4.71 B18-28 No available mates. Raffy AWWP QA 009 Red (R) AWWP QA 055 112 F 32 46 Al Wabra 30/04/2007 Hatch 7107 Silver (L) 276096900361564 29 3.55 B18-27 No available mates. Yara AWWP QA 010 Violet (R) AWWP QA 109 Individual Overview - Spix's Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) Stdb Sex Sire Dam Location Since Event Local ID / Leg Band Transponder Ranking GSV Pen Mate Breeding History and other Comments No# Date House Name Left / Right 113 F 32 46 Al Wabra 07/06/2007 Hatch 7195 Silver (L) 276096900348526 31 3.95 B22-5 81 Paired in Dec 10' with #81. Bruna AWWP QA 011 Black (R) AWWP QA 108 114 F 44 53 ACTP 26/11/2008 Hatch Frieda ACTP-001/2008 No available mates.

115 F 35 43 Al Wabra 23/03/2009 Hatch 8422 Gold ® 276096901029644 B18-32 Flocking Sibele AWWP QA 039 116 M 35 43 Al Wabra 24/03/2009 Hatch 8425 Gold (L) 276096901014986 B18-32 Flocking Ernie AWWP QA 040 Gold ® AWWP QA 041 117 M 35 43 Al Wabra 03/02/2009 Hatch 8428 Gold (L) 276096901029148 Flocking Al Wabra 09/01/2010 Death Sven AWWP QA 042 Died of heat exposure after getting a dry twig stuck Silver ® between his leg and leg-ring during the hottest part AWWP QA 012 of the day. 118 M 35 43 Al Wabra 26/04/2009 Hatch 8637 Gold (L) 276096901017528 B18-32 Flocking Peanuts AWWP QA 043 Green ® AWWP QA 143 119 F 35 43 Al Wabra 30/04/2009 Hatch 8647 Gold (L) 276096901036890 B18-32 Flocking Catrin AWWP QA 044 Bronze ® AWWP QA 020 120 F 44 26 Tenerife 11/03/2010 Hatch 22690 LPF10065040 Yara Right leg 121 F 35 43 Al Wabra 26/03/2010 Hatch 9311 Gold (L) 276096901054645 B18-41 Flocking Christiana AWWP QA 045 Blue ® AWWP QA 090 122 F 35 43 Al Wabra 29/03/2010 Hatch 9319 Gold (L) 276096901055740 B18-41 Flocking Zara AWWP QA 046 Red ® AWWP QA 056 Individual Overview - Spix's Macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii) Stdb Sex Sire Dam Location Since Event Local ID / Leg Band Transponder Ranking GSV Pen Mate Breeding History and other Comments No# Date House Name Left / Right 123 F 35 43 Al Wabra 30/04/2010 Hatch 9452 Gold (L) 276096901041522 B18-41 Flocking Monalyssa AWWP QA 047 Violet ® AWWP QA 110 124 F 20 62 Al Wabra 12/05/2010 Hatch 9473 Gold (L) 276096901041819 B18-41 Flocking Sophia AWWP QA 048 Black ® AWWP QA 107 125 M 20 62 Al Wabra 15/05/2010 Hatch 9475 Bronze ® 276096901040003 B18-41 Flocking Ryan AWWP QA 022 126 F 35 43 Al Wabra 21/05/2010 Hatch 9488 Bronze (L) 276096901061291 B18-42 In isolation because of head-plucking Emily AWWP QA 023 Bronze ® AWWP QA 024 127 M 59 53 ACTP 18/01/2011 Hatch Felix B95 G11 00023 ®

128 F 59 53 ACTP 21/01/2011 Hatch Kiki B95 G11 00024 (L)

Total No. Males 60 Total No. Females 66 Total No. UNK 2 Total 128

Living No. Males 29 Living No. Females 44 Living No. UNK Total 73

Dead or LTFU No. Males 31 Dead or LTFU No. Females 22 Dead or LTFU No. UNK 2 Total 55