Basic Impact Assessment

1. PROJECT TITLE & LOCATION

Couchiching Lock 42 Concrete Rehabilitation and Bridge 56 Replacement Trent Severn Waterway 2597 Bonsor Rd, Severn Bridge Ontario, P0E 1N0 44°46’11” N Latitude; 79°21’01” West Longitude

Figure 1: General location map of Lock 42/Bridge 56 at Couchiching.

The Couchiching Lock station (Lock 42), in the town of Severn Bridge, lies in a rural setting with a few houses set back at the top of rather high banks. The approaches are heavily treed, with mown grass at the banks, mooring areas and approach walls. The only building is the 1929 lockmaster’s house, one of only 8 lock staff dwellings from the pre-1950 period. The lock station was replaced and mechanized by Transport Canada in the 1968 and repaired in the 1970’s. Many of the surrounding structures were demolished and replaced, such as the lock office, the wooden bridge (originally built in 1919), the lockmaster’s house, the operator’s shelter, a summer residence and related outbuildings. Bridge #56 crosses the canal north of the lock. Constructed in 1931, the bridge is a steel half-plate girder high level span of 18m on concrete abutments, which are located out of the water. All work will be undertaken on Federal Lands under the jurisdiction of Parks Canada Agency – Trent Severn Waterway.

2. PROPONENT INFORMATION Parks Canada, Trent-Severn Waterway 2155 Ashburnham Dr., P.O. Box 567 Peterborough, ON K9J 6Z6

3. PROPOSED PROJECT DATES Planned commencement: 2019-10-15 (bridge) Planned completion: 2023-05-14 (all)

4. INTERNAL PROJECT FILE # PCA Project #30026442; IA# TSW-2018-014(I)

5. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Lock This project will involve the demolition and replacement of the Lock walls and tunnels from upper to lower gains, replacement of gabion retaining walls, stairs and also replacement of the fixed through Girder Bridge. Secondary objective will be to replace the lock approach walls.

Bridge The entire bridge structure is above the normal high water mark (navigation levels). Bridge repair is required to extend the life of the structure and to ensure that it functions as designed, thus ensuring public safety. Bridge work, maintenance, and repair activities include: establishment of staging, activity and work areas; installation and removal of above-water work platforms and debris netting; demolition, removal, installation and construction of superstructure; removing and disposing off site of all concrete debris, reinforcing steel, silt, fines and all other deleterious materials generated during construction; installing formwork; cast-in-place concrete; resurfacing installation of rails and signage; and landscaping upon project completion.

Schedule Construction is to start at the end of the navigation season (October 15) and be completed before mid- May of the following year.

6. VALUED COMPONENTS LIKELY TO BE AFFECTED Direct Effects Valued components potentially directly affected by the proposed project Natural Resources Cultural Resources

isk

ervices

Fish

Flora

Avifauna

Air/Noise

Resources

Water Quality

Species atSpecies R

Fauna including

Soil & landforms

Recreation/Local

Dam/Archaeological

Traffic/Town

Phase Activities Supply and storage of ☒ ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐ ☒ ☐ ☐ ☐ materials Set up Use/Removal of ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐ ☒ ☐ ☒ ☐ temporary facilities Clearing ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐ ☒ ☒ ☐ ☐ ☒ ☒ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐ ☐ ☐ Coffer Dam

/ Operation

Dewatering ☒ ☒ ☐ ☒ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ Excavation/ ☒ ☐ ☐ ☒ ☒ ☒ ☒ ☒ ☐ Grading/Backfilling Construction ☒ ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐ ☒ ☒ ☐ ☐ Use of machinery ☒ ☐ ☐ ☒ ☒ ☒ ☒ ☐ ☐ Transport of materials/ ☒ ☐ ☐ ☒ ☒ ☒ ☒ ☐ ☐ Project Components equipment Concrete Demolition ☒ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒ ☒ ☐ Concrete pouring ☒ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐ ☐

Preparation / Construction Disposal of waste ☒ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ Commissioning ☒ ☒ ☐ ☒ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ Use/Maintenance ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐

Valued Environmental Components (VECs) identified for the projects include: • Species at Risk; • Air Quality/Noise; • Water Quality and Aquatic Resources; • Wildlife; • Vegetation and • Cultural and Archaeological resources.

Species at Risk The Federal Species at Risk Act (SARA) provides protection to all SAR listed under Schedule 1 of the Act. Species at risk which may be found within the project areas, both federally listed species and species listed under the Ontario Endangered Species Act (ESA), have been identified using the Natural Heritage Information Centre (NHIC) database, the Atlas of Breeding Birds of Ontario, the Ontario Reptile and Amphibian Atlas and Parks Canada observations. These species can be found in Appendix 2, which briefly summarizes the basic habitat characteristics for each species and an assessment given as to the likelihood of that species using habitat within the project area. TSW observations include Eastern Foxsnake (Pantherophis gloydi), Massasauga Rattlesnake (Sistrurus catenatus), Northern Map Turtle (Graptemys geographica), Snapping Turtle (Chelydra serpentine), Spotted Turtle (Clemmys guttata) and Red-headed Woodpecker (Melanerpes erythrocephalus). NHIC observations in the area are Blanding’s Turtle (Emydoidea blandingii), Common Five-lined Skink (Plestiodon fasciatus), Massasauga Rattlesnake and Yellow-banded Bumblebee (Bombus terricola). The NHIC database indicates that Lake Sturgeon may inhabit the Severn and associated waters, including the canal, although there are no recorded observations of sturgeon around the lock. Based on habitat and occurrence, the most likely SAR to be found around the lock and bridge are Snapping Turtle, Midland Painted Turtle (Chrysemys picta), Northern Map Turtle, Spotted Turtle and Blanding’s Turtle. Eastern foxsnake and Massasauga Rattlesnake are the main snakes that could be found there, but there is also potential for Eastern Hog-nosed Snake (Heterodon platirhinos), Eastern Milksnake (Lampropeltis triangulum) and Eastern Ribbonsnake (Thamnophis sauritus) to be there. Various species of bat, named in Appendix 2, are likely to dwell in adjacent forested areas and forage around the water in summer. Monarch Butterfly (Danaus plexippus) and Yellow-banded Bumblebee are likely summer visitors. The project lies within a zone of identified Critical Habitat for Blanding’s Turtle. In Ontario, nesting activity for this species has been observed from the last week of May to the first week of July, with peak activity throughout June. It typically nests in relatively open areas such as beaches, shorelines, meadows, rocky outcrops, and forest clearings, as well as in a variety of human-altered sites such as gardens, power line rights-of-way, fields, gravel roads, and road shoulders, sand/gravel quarries, railway rights-of-way, cycling paths, hiking trails and all-terrain vehicle (ATV) trails. Blanding’s Turtles overwinter in underwater sites from approximately October to April. Overwintering sites are generally located within permanent wetlands (e.g., bogs, fens, marshes) and other habitats with unfrozen shallow water.

Air Quality and Noise Air quality in the area is assumed to be good based on the large percentage of natural land cover and limited known sources of air pollution. The Ministry of the Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks provides online access to Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) data. This tool is designed to help the public make decisions to protect their health by limiting short-term exposure to air pollution and adjusting activity levels during increased levels of air pollution. The index is divided into 4 groups and 11 categories: Low Risk (1-3), Moderate Risk (4-6), High Risk (7-10) and Very High Risk (“10+”). A summary of the 2016 daily AQHI categories for Barrie (the closest AQHI station, approximately 50 km southwest of the Project site) indicates Low Risk air quality on 337 days of the year and Moderate Risk air quality on the remaining days. These numbers suggest that air quality in that area is good. Air quality at Couchiching would be expected to be as good or better. The Couchiching Lock station (42) is located in a rural, primarily resort and cottage-based environment, with only a few houses set back at the top of the high banks. Sources of noise around Lock 42 are limited, with the most likely prominent sources from passing trucks and automobiles.

Water Quality and Aquatic Resources Fish/Fish Habitat The lock is within an artificial canal excavated in the early 1900’s to connect the north end of Lake Couchiching with the Severn River. The lower lock approach is approximately 300m away from the Severn. There is no important/sensitive fish habitat at the project sites as the work is restricted to the lock and associated structures (bridge work is out of water). However, there is still potential for fish to be present between the lock gates and approaches and stranded in the dewatered area. Species that have been caught in Sparrow Lake, which is downstream of the project site are listed in Table 1 below.

Table 1: Fish species recorded within Sparrow Lake and potentially around the project site. Common Name Scientific Name Black Crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides Muskellunge Esox masquinongy Northern Pike Esox lucius Rock Bass Ambloplites rupestris Round Goby Neogobius melanostomus Smallmouth Bass Micropterus dolomieu Walleye Sander vitreus

No Aquatic Species at Risk (SAR) or SAR critical habitat are known to be present in the vicinity of Lock 42, although anecdotal occurrence of Lake Sturgeon has been reported for the Severn River.

Water Quality Baseline water quality measures have been taken in the project areas prior to initiation of construction in order to get baseline levels. Turbidity and pH values are the reference for environmental performance during construction.

Table 2. Baseline Water Quality for Lock 42 Quality Upstream Lock 42 Downstream Lock 42 End of Channel Component Temperature (°C) 23.9 23.9 23.7 pH 7.89 7.92 8.6 Turbidity (NTU) 0.4 0.5 0.3 *Data Collected August 1, 2018

Wildlife The area surrounding the Lock station is used by a variety of aquatic wildlife including Frogs (Anura sp.), Beaver (Castor canadensis), Muskrat Ondatra zibethicus) and Mink (Neovison vison). Staff have observed Bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), Black bears (Ursus Americanus), Northern water snakes (Nerodia sipedon), Garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis), Turkey vultures (Cathartes aura) and Great blue heron (Ardea herodias). Migratory birds also utilize the vegetation adjacent to the lock station and waterfowl can be found on the water as well and on the lock station grounds.

Vegetation The lock areas are heavily influenced by past and present human development and activities. The areas designated for construction are mostly devoid of wild vegetation and consists mainly of manicured lawns and planted, mature trees. Native trees found there are Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus), White Ash (Fraxinus americana), White Birch (Betula papyrifera), Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum), American Basswood (Tilia americana), Northern Red Oak (Quercus rubra), Eastern White Cedar (Thuja occidentalis), Trembling Aspen (Populus tremuloides), Large Tooth Aspen (Populus grandidentata), American Elm (Ulmus Americana) and Pin Cherry (Prunus pensylvanica). Planted trees are Norway maple (Acer platanoides), White Oak (Quercus alba), Black Walnut (Juglans nigra) and Common Lilac (Syringa vulgaris). Common shrubs found around the lock and bridge are Dogwood sp. (Cornus sp.), Alder sp. (Alnus sp.), Staghorn Sumac (Rhus typhina), High bush Cranberry (Viburnum trilobum), Common Juniper (Juniperus communis), Tatarian Honeysuckle (Lonicera tatarica) and Wild Red Raspberry (Rubus idaeus). Other plants on site are White Aster (Symphyotrichum ericoides), Northern Bedstraw (Galium boreale), Goldenrod (Solidago sp.), Queen Anne's lace (Daucus carota), Virginia Creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia), Sensitive Fern (Onoclea sensibilis), Common Milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) and Sunflower (Helianthus sp.). Poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans) exists in patches on either side of the canal.

Cultural and Archaeological Resources The proposed project involves a lock, landscape and bridge that are not classified as cultural resources (NCR). The CRM Policy does not apply to resources that are determined “not to be cultural resources” (NCR). The bridge, lock and landscape are not subject to any requirements under the CRM Policy to maintain any heritage value or character-defining elements when it is rehabilitated, and “replacement in- kind” is not required for the purposes of cultural resource management. However, while the lock and bridge are not subject to any requirements under the CRM Policy, the Couchiching lock station is part of the TSW NHS. The objective for this project is to protect and preserve the key character-defining elements found on the TSW NHS. Rehabilitation of the Lock 42 and Bridge 56 ensures the continued operation of the Trent-Severn Waterway as an operational system for through- navigation, a key defining element of the system.

7. EFFECTS ANALYSIS

The following effects analysis outlines the potential for impact of the proposed works on valued ecosystem components in the area.

Species at Risk In the Couchiching area, the species identified as having the most potential to be in the vicinity of the project site are species of turtles and snakes. Given the timing of the works – after mid-October ̶ the main concern would be their overwintering (hibernation) sites and nests. Turtles Most turtles overwinter in underwater hibernacula for 7 to 8 months of the year, beginning in mid- September/October and lasting until mid to late April. Spotted Turtles utilize swamps, bogs, fens, and marshes that include structural protection such as woody vegetation, vegetation mounds or burrows, in water depths that range between 0 and 0.5 m. Overwintering sites for the Northern Map Turtle are typically deep, oxygen-rich lake or river bottoms that are sheltered from ice, with sand or gravel substrate and varied bottom features, such as exposed ledges, boulders, and tree trunks and usually in slow current. Northern Map Turtles have been recorded hibernating at depths between 0.3 m and 11.3 m. Snapping Turtles prefer water shallow enough to let them reach the surface to breathe, but deep enough so the water will not freeze to the bottom, in a location that is likely to freeze over later in the season and thaw earlier in the spring. Also important is a thick layer of mud in which the turtle can bury itself, and submerged cover, such as a floating mat of vegetation, roots, stumps, branches or logs. Overwintering sites for Blanding’s Turtle are generally located within permanent wetlands (e.g., bogs, fens, marshes) and other habitats with unfrozen shallow water. Prior to overwintering, the species prefers shallow water - open or partially vegetated sites and areas that contain thick aquatic vegetation. None of the over-wintering conditions listed for these turtles would be present within the confines of the lock and its upper and lower approaches. Therefore the project would have no adverse effects on these species in that regard. The project takes place after nest emergence and before spring nesting and. Regardless, given the late spring warm up in 2019 and possible delayed emergence (some species emerge the following spring after overwintering), there is a small chance that nests could be encountered. A rescue plan for accidental discovery of a turtle nest will be required as a mitigation.

Snakes As the project work is essentially restricted to the developed area around the lock and bridge, it is highly unlikely that the area is utilized as snake overwintering habitat, as suitable hibernacula is not generally available. Currently, no obvious active or old hibernacula have been observed or recorded to be present on the site. However, as snakes have been recorded in the area (specifically fox snakes) there is a small chance that overwintering hibernacula could be encountered while working on the broken approach walls. A rescue plan for accidental discovery of hibernating snakes will be required as a mitigation.

Five-lined Skink This lizard is active from mid-April to late September or early October. Five-lined Skinks favour large rocky outcrops found within fields or mixed coniferous and deciduous forests. Young lizards mainly frequent open, well-drained, rocky areas where they seek shelter beneath rocks. Objects that can provide protection from extreme temperatures and dehydration are an essential habitat element. Since the Five- lined Skink is prone to dehydration, its habitat must include a permanent water body.

Skinks often hibernate in small groups under tree trunks or rocks, and inside rotting stumps and wood. It is unclear as to whether the broken lock walls would offer suitable hibernacula for skinks. However, high water levels in spring inundates the area and the lock walls in many cases will be completely submerged. It is therefore concluded that the lock and bridge site is not suitable for over-wintering and that fall/winter excavation would not negatively impact the Five-lined Skink.

Other For other SAR, either the planned works will not impact habitat, or mitigation measures will be employed to protect individuals. The timing of the work will greatly reduce the risk to individuals as birds (with the exception of Red-headed Woodpecker), bats and insects will have all completed nesting, hatching, fledging and migrated out of the area for the period for the bulk of the work. There will be no work activity that wood negatively impact in woodpecker or its habitat. Although Lake Sturgeon can tolerate lower water temperature, during the winter they move to deeper water (6 – 11 m) in lakes and in riverine refuge pools having low water velocity. These conditions do not exist at the lock and approaches, which are 2.5-3 m maximum depth. Therefore the chance of encounter during the work period is lowered. A sweep of the work area should be completed at the start of every work day to ensure that there are no turtles or snakes within the work area. If they are observed or suspected on or near the worksite (this nests or eggs), they must not be harmed or harassed. If the animal does not leave or cannot leave the site, the contractor must immediately stop the works and contact PCA’s EA staff on how to proceed. Additional measures to avoid impacts may be required before work can restart the activity. The contractor must minimize the disturbed area; clearly mark the work space and stay out of natural areas. If the mitigation measures outlined here and detailed in Section 8 – Mitigation are followed, there should not be adverse impacts on SAR due to the project.

Critical Habitat The project lies in the SAR Recovery Plan identified zone of critical habitat for Blanding’s Turtle. However, the project area does not meet the biophysical attributes of critical habitat as defined in the recovery plan and there is no permanent change to the terrestrial environment. There will be no impact on change to or loss of Blanding’s Turtle habitat.

Air Quality and Noise The short-term use of machinery/equipment will generate exhaust and smoke emissions that could affect air quality. However, these types of disturbances are temporary and not foreseen to be a threat to local flora, fauna, and people with appropriate mitigation measures in place. Parks Canada will monitor public complaints and address any issues raised by the public.

Water Quality and Aquatic Resources

Fish/Fish Habitat The potential environmental effects of project activities on fish and fish habitat include interference with biological time periods (i.e., migration or spawning), the addition of suspended solids to the water column through erosion and sedimentation, potential stranding of fish during dewatering and direct mortality of fish. The dewatered work area will be altered during construction but it will be restored to pre- construction conditions before being re-watered.

While fish may be present near and through the lock during the operational season, the area within the structure would be considered marginal habitat. With a lack of perennial aquatic vegetation, the area would not be utilized for spawning in spring by species such as Muskellunge, Black Crappie or Yellow Perch. Cofferdams employed upstream and downstream of the lock will need to be removed prior to May 1 for preparation for navigation a few weeks later. This will also avoid impacts to potential bass/sunfish spawning in the adjacent areas. Any stranded fish in the dewatered area will be live captured and released. Impact on fish and habitat will be negligible.

Water Quality Work takes place directly adjacent to water, the TSW lock and the lock approach. The use of heavy machinery, removal of vegetation (grass), use of concrete and the dewatering of water bodies increases the risk of soil disturbance and sediment movement. There is potential for contamination of water from spills and/or leaks from equipment. Also, there is potential for reduced water quality and clarity due to erosion, sedimentation and transport of debris. Vegetation removal and excavation activities will be kept to that necessary and will be appropriately managed through the installation and maintenance of effective erosion and sediment control measures. Identifying and keeping work activities within areas identified in approved site plans and to previously disturbed areas, in addition to employing best practices, mitigation and monitoring, will further minimize impacts. Mitigations will be put in place to protect water quality as stated in Section 8.0, and if properly established prior to, and maintained during construction, should serve to protect water quality in and around the project area.

Wildlife (other than SAR) Construction is to take place during the winter months, outside of bird breeding and migratory windows. Because the extent of vegetation removal is minimal – primarily individual tree selection - effects on birds (and other wildlife) are also expected to be minor. Of those bird species found to be residing in and around the project site during construction, they are likely to be hardier, winterized species which are well adapted to utilize diverse and/or common habitat during this time of year. It is unlikely that the habitat present at the project sites would be critical or essential for local bird species during this time. Vegetation removal to prepare for project start-up is scheduled to occur outside of the nesting season. Construction activities will be largely completed prior to the subsequent year nesting season. Therefore, effects on birds will be considered to be minor. Foraging opportunities for wildlife will be limited by the disturbance on site during construction, but the disturbance will be temporary and the habitat type being disturbed is widespread on the landscape outside the area of disturbance.

Daily and on-going observations for general wildlife activity shall be undertaken by all personnel on site. Should wildlife enter the construction zone, personnel will stand back and allow the animal to leave the site. Harassment or handling of the specimen is not permitted. A record of all wildlife encounters shall be recorded. With the proper implementation of mitigation measures, there should be no residual negative impact to local wildlife.

Vegetation Tree and shrub removal which may occur is primarily limited to vegetated areas which have been heavily influenced and maintained by human activity and would thereby not be considered significant or specialized habitat. The project involves clearing of very little vegetation and no real disturbance to the

9 wild-vegetation and forested areas. Some minor tree removal may be required for site access. There are no rare or at risk trees or plants in the vicinity. Vegetation loss will be minimal and short-term in nature, since the area will be replanted after construction. As the project involves soil excavation and vegetation removal activities, there is a possibility for invasive species to be accidentally introduced into and/or spread throughout the project sites. Any exotic invasive species found within the construction area where activities are disturbing the site or ground, must be removed and disposed of appropriately. Given that the project’s activities are scheduled to take place during the winter months and that all near/in- water works are to be operated in the dry, there is a limited potential to bring in new, or further spread presently existing invasive species as the contactor moves equipment into and out of the sites. Appropriate mitigation measures will be applied to reduce the risk of moving invasive species by means of proper identification and documentation of species, taking precaution when handling potentially contaminated/infested soils and vegetation, and effective cleaning of clothing, equipment and vehicles.

Cultural and Archaeological Resources The rehabilitation of the Lock and Bridge with a non-sympathetic concept, including the change in materials, architectural details and design could adversely affect the heritage value of the Waterway as a national historic site. A Statement of Cultural Resource Impact Analysis for Lock 42 and Bridge 56 has been developed that offers recommendations for the works in order to protect important cultural aspects of the structures. It is possible to disturb and/or uncover archaeological and cultural resources, or unanticipated materials or construction that may have historic significance or provide important evidence of previous construction techniques or materials. If significant features are encountered during construction activities, excavation should cease in the immediate area, the findings photographed and the Parks Canada Project Manager be informed. The Project Manager should then contact Parks Canada's Terrestrial Archaeology section for advice and assessment of significance, which will in turn determine the requirements to mitigate the find. Section 8 provides detailed mitigations to protect archaeological resources.

8. MITIGATION MEASURES

General 1. All mitigation measures shall be implemented to the satisfaction of PCA (TSW). 2. Inform PCA of any changes to project plans and/or scheduling. Any changes not assessed under this BIA will require approval from PCA and may require further mitigation measures. 3. Project commencement only upon submission and PCA acceptance of an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) that outlines all the measures to be implemented by the contractor on the project site to eliminate or reduce environmental effects. The EMP will be submitted in writing, at least five (5) working days prior to commencing work. 4. It is recommended that a qualified person prepare the EMP or its component plans in accordance with PCA's Environmental Standards and Guidelines - Ontario Waterways (2017). The EMP will detail frequency of monitoring and list high-risk construction activities where a qualified environmental professional must be onsite. The EMP will include a list of key project activities and identify the actual and potential environmental impacts associated with each activity.

5. Parks Canada Environmental Authority (Environmental Officer, Trent Severn Waterway) will outline all the prescribed mitigation measures, including those found in Best Management Practices (BMPs), in a construction start-up meeting with the project manager and the contractor, to ensure awareness and understanding of these measures. 6. The contractor is to ensure that all on-site personnel are aware of, and comply with the prescribed mitigation measures within this BIA and any measures outlined within subsequent amendments to this BIA. 7. As per the Historic Canal Regulations administered by the Trent Severn Canal National Historic Site of Canada, a permit signed by Parks Canada's Ontario Waterways Director will be required to authorize the project work prior to commencement of project activities and mobilization to site. 8. All machinery and equipment shall be clean, free of leaks, in optimal working condition. 9. Maintain equipment to avoid leakage of fuels and liquids. Ensure measures are in place to minimize impacts of accidental spills. 10. All materials and equipment used for the purpose of site preparation and project completion shall be operated and stored in a manner that prevents any deleterious substance (e.g. petroleum productions, debris etc.) from entering the water. 11. Any stockpiled materials, or concrete debris shall be stored and stabilized a safe distance away from any watercourse, drainage course or swales to prevent erosion and subsequent entry into the Trent Severn Canal or removed from the site, in accordance with all federal, municipal and provincial regulations. 12. Store all oils, lubricants, fuels and chemicals in secure areas on impermeable pads. 13. Vehicle and equipment re-fueling and/or maintenance shall be conducted at a designated site on impermeable pads to allow full containment of spill, off of slopes and away from the water at a recommended distance of 30 m if possible. If not possible this, selected areas should be reviewed and approved by PCA. 14. Drip trays shall be placed under all fuel-powered equipment. 15. There shall be no discharge of chemicals and cleaning agents in or near aquatic habitats; all such substances shall be disposed of at a facility licensed to receive them 16. Any part of a vehicle and/or equipment entering the water shall be free of fluid leaks and externally degreased to prevent any deleterious substance from entering the water. 17. Spill control and emergency plans will be in place prior to initiation of construction; an emergency spill kit shall be kept on-site and employed immediately should a spill occur. 18. The spills kit will be maintained on site and the contractor will ensure that adequate additional resources are available. 19. In the event of a spill, Parks Canada and the Ontario Spill Action Centre (1-800-268-6060) shall be notified immediately; remediation will be conducted immediately to contain and clean up in accordance with federal and provincial regulatory requirements and to the satisfaction of Parks Canada; documentation of remediation, testing and results will be provided to Parks Canada. 20. No tools, equipment, temporary structures or parts thereof, used or maintained for the purpose of this project, shall be permitted to remain at the site after completion of the project. 21. Operate machinery from stable location.

22. Only the working end of machinery shall directly enter the water. The working end of machinery will be clean and maintained free of leaks. Complete the in-water activity as quickly as possible to minimize the time equipment is in the water. Do not leave equipment in water during breaks in work activity. 23. Should conditions at the work site indicate that there are negative impacts to fish, fish habitat, wildlife, cultural or visitor experience resources, all works shall cease until the problem has been corrected and Parks Canada’s Environmental Authority staff have been consulted. The Parks Canada has the right to require that work be altered or ceased immediately.

Species at Risk 24. Species at risk training shall be provided to all employees before they begin work on site (materials can be part of the Environmental Protection Plan). Employees must be able to identify potential species at risk and know the proper procedures to follow when they encounter a species at risk. 25. Minimize the disturbed area; clearly mark the work space and park on roads or designated areas only. 26. If a SAR (turtle and/or snake) nest is observed or suspected on or near the worksite, the contractor must immediately stop the activity around the nest and contact PCA’s EA staff on how to proceed. Additional measures to avoid impacts may be required before the activity can restart. A rescue plan should be in place in the event nests are disturbed/uncovered in winter.

Water Quality/Aquatic Resources 27. Sediment/turbidity curtains shall be deployed in a manner – e.g. moved in a direction from close to shore/structures outward – that prevent entrapment of fish inside the curtain. 28. All in-water work such as the removal of cofferdams and curtains, should be completed before May 1 to protect fish populations during their spawning and nursery periods. Should work extend beyond this date, additional mitigation measures may be required. Work beyond May 1 must be approved by PCA prior to work occurring. 29. A de-watering Plan shall be submitted as part of an EMP. 30. Fish rescue/removal shall be completed prior to dewatering and/or after partial dewatering. 31. Pump intakes shall be protected by screening to prevent entrainment and impingement of fish. Fish screens must comply with DFO Freshwater Intake End-of-Pipe Fish Screen Guidelines. 32. Fish shall be removed from the work area prior to complete dewatering and released alive downstream into the river.  Parks Canada shall be advised 24 hours prior to fish rescue.  Minimize the length of time fish are out of the water.  Use appropriate equipment to remove any stranded fish in the dewatered area. As water levels drop in the work area monitor the deeper pool areas where fish are congregating. If safe to do so, Seine nets or Dip nets can be operated by field staff to remove the fish.  Contact PCA EA staff should there be any issues with fish removal.  Any fish found within the dewatered coffer dam areas will be documented by species, counted and removed and placed downstream if found in the downstream coffer dam and upstream if found upstream.

 Round gobies or other invasive species found during dewatering activities shall be euthanized and not returned to the water system; this shall be reported to Parks Canada.

33. If there is high turbidity, consider pre-filtering water that goes to the pump by placing it in a perforated drum with clear stone around the outside or other similarly designed approach. 34. Discharged water should be filtered by means of an appropriately designed sediment basin, anionic flocculation or by physical means such as a filter press. 35. Discharge of pumped water must be a manner that does not cause additional erosion. 36. Monitor water quality for unacceptable suspended sediment levels during in water activities. 37. CCME Canadian Water Quality Guidelines for the Protection of Aquatic Life will form the baseline for water and streambed quality monitoring and assessment. 38. Activities causing turbidity or release of sediment will comply with the CCME Guidelines on Total Particulate Matter (see http://ceqg-rcqe.ccme.ca/download/en/217). 39. Should conditions at the work site indicate that there are negative impacts to fish or their habitat, all work shall cease until the problem has been corrected and Parks Canada EA staff has been consulted. 40. Salt and other road chemicals should be properly stored in designated areas only, preferably in dry sheds to prevent infiltration of leachate to the water table and surface runoff. 41. Accumulated snow that may be contaminated with salt should be disposed of only at approved dumpsites or designated areas. 42. Snow containing salt or sand should never be dumped in, or allowed to melt and run off into watercourses. Erosion and Sediment Control 43. Mandatory submission of an Erosion and Sediment Control Plan, as part of the Environmental Management Plan, must be prepared and submitted to and accepted by Parks Canada. The focus of the EMP will be to reduce the amount of sediment laden water produced. A focus on separating offsite and infiltrating water into the construction site from construction activities and sediment sources. The document will demonstrate:  A focus on erosion control primarily and sediment control secondary;  Erosion and sediment controls will be tailored to the type of sediment found onsite (e.g. if clay is present, additional controls are necessary).  The area to be controlled. In addition to the construction site, it is necessary to identify adjacent areas that could be negatively impacted by construction activities;  Drainage areas and patterns based on pre-construction topography and construction design;  How clean storm run-on will be diverted around the site and away from exposed areas;  Channels that are designed and constructed to the necessary design discharge;  Temporary and permanent erosion control needs for all drainage channels;  Consideration of project schedule in selecting, designing and laying out environmental controls;

 Consideration of seasonal requirements; select and design controls and practices for controlling erosion and sedimentation including shutdown periods;  Consideration for particles size present in the sediment, which is key to selecting the appropriate sediment treatment option(s). 44. The size of particles present in the sediment is a key consideration for selecting the appropriate sediment treatment option(s):  If the sediment consists primarily of gravel or sand, which are relatively large particles, a single treatment using a more basic technology, such as a sediment trap or sediment bag, may be adequate.  If the sediment consists of silt and/or clay or concrete fines, which are relatively small particles, the effluent will most likely need a more advanced technology, such as a filter press or chemical treatment with anionic flocculent and a filtration method.  If the sediment consists of a large spectrum of particle sizes, the water may need primary treatment to remove larger particles, followed by secondary treatment to remove finer particles. 45. Erosion and sediment control measures shall be implemented prior to work and maintained during the work phase, to prevent entry of sediment into the water where site access or other activities cause exposed soil. 46. All erosion and sediment control measures shall be inspected daily to ensure they are functioning properly and are maintained and/or upgraded as required to prevent entry of sediment into the water. 47. Contingency planning is necessary in the event that erosion and sediment control measures are not functioning properly and need to be adjusted, improved or enhanced. 48. Erosion and sediment control measures shall be left in place until all areas of the work site have been stabilized. Erosion and Sediment controls shall not be removed without acceptance from PCA. 49. Sediment control measures and exclusion fencing must be removed in a way that prevents the escape or re-suspension of sediments. 50. Environmental protection measures shall be checked after each extreme weather event. 51. Any stockpiled materials shall be stored and stabilized a safe distance away from any watercourse, drainage course or swales to prevent erosion and subsequent entry into the water body OR removed from the site, in accordance with all federal, municipal and provincial regulations. 52. Upon completion of the work all debris shall be completely removed and the area restored to its original state or better. Repair all damages to property due to project activities. 53. The contractor will maintain a standby supply of pre-fabricated sediment fence barriers, or an equivalent ready-to install sediment control devices.

Concrete 54. Ensure that all works involving the use of concrete will not deposit, directly or indirectly, sediments, debris, concrete, concrete fines, wash or contact water into or about any watercourse. 55. The discharge of untreated concrete wastewater into a water body is prohibited.

56. Store all concrete products, grouts and sealants under cover away from water bodies, storm water drains, ditches or street gutters. 57. Concrete debris shall be placed into an enclosed container daily if practical, or covered in order to ensure that no debris can enter water. 58. No excess concrete shall be deposited on the site. 59. Maintain isolation of all cast-in-place concrete and grouting from fish-bearing waters until significantly cured to allow pH to reach neutral levels. 60. Water with pH > 9 cannot be released directly back into a water body. Concrete wastewater with a pH ≥ 12.5 is considered corrosive and a hazardous waste under Ontario Regulation 347 of the Environmental Protection Act. • Conduct regular water quality monitoring throughout the site. • All wastewater must be treated to meet Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME) Guidelines before it is released to a water body. Total particulate matter (turbidity) must be measured to be less than 2 NTU (5 mg/L) before water can be released. If CCME Guidelines cannot be met, remove wastewater from the site. • Wastewater must be contained, if temporarily stored on the project site, until it is collected for disposal by a licensed waste hauler. If it can be treated to meet CCME Guidelines, it may be released on site. 61. All concrete, sealants or other compounds used for the project shall be utilized according to the appropriate Product Technical Data Sheet, stating guidelines and methods for proper use, and provided by the manufacturer of the product. 62. Use sealers, form release and stripping agents that are non-toxic, biodegradable and have zero or low VOC's. 63. Turbidity and sediment curtain filter material will consider the grain size characteristics of concrete sediment and shall be designed around the principals of maintaining sufficient hydraulic flow and preventing particle movement through the material. 64. For land based concrete pours:

• A carbon dioxide (CO2) bubbling system - with regulators, hoses and diffuser - shall be readily available to treat water with pH >9. The tanks should be sufficiently sized, or of sufficient number, to treat the area of the pour, should a concrete spill or seepage from the concrete form occur. Workers shall be trained in the use of the system. • If a neutralizing solution is used, depending on volumes, it must be contained in a professionally established system. • Report any use of carbon dioxide or neutralizing acids to modify pH levels to PCA as soon as possible. 65. For in water/tremie pours (if necessary) • Tremie pour operations should be undertaken within formwork, in still water, or if formwork cannot be used, in low flow conditions (<0.5 m/sec). • Use anti-washout to decrease the percentage of concrete released to the water column. • Use forms, grout bags or sand bags, where possible, to further contain the concrete. • Install turbidity curtain(s) around the work area prior to the pour and leave it in place until the pH is ≤ 9.

• Ensure that fish are not trapped within the turbidity curtain during installation.

• A carbon dioxide (CO2) bubbling system - with regulators, hoses and diffuser - shall be deployed prior to the pour, to treat water with pH >9. The tanks should be sufficiently sized, or of sufficient number, to treat the area of the pour, should a concrete spill or seepage from the concrete form occur. Workers shall be trained in the use of the system. • Report any use of carbon dioxide to modify pH levels to PCA as soon as possible. • Water displaced by tremie concrete within formwork shall be pumped to containers with visible labels and tested for pH. • The use of neutralizing acids to neutralize waters with high pH is not recommended for large tremie pours. • If fish kill is observed, stop placement of concrete and contact an IA Officer.

66. For grouting and sealing: • Isolate the work site involving grouting to the extent possible. The isolated work site should be sufficiently large to contain water run-off, residues and any waste material. • Conduct visual monitoring to ensure injection grout is fully contained within the work area and not leaking out beyond protection measures. Ensure contingency measures are in place to control leaks. • If injected grout leaks into water, have contingency plan in place, such as add a different admixture to stop leak. • All grout products and excess grouting materials shall be removed in a way that will ensure material does not enter the waterway, storm water drain, ditch or street gutter.

67. Wash-down areas: • Wash equipment away from water; identify an approved area for the wash-down from concrete delivery trucks, concrete pumping equipment and other tools and equipment; • The wash-down area should be located away from a watercourse, storm water drain, ditch or street gutter. • Direct concrete wash water to a collection structure or lined basin to effectively remove all suspended solids, dissipate velocity and prevent deleterious substances from entering a water body; • Provide appropriately sized containment facilities for wash-down water. • The containment area should be emptied/changed once it reach 50% of its capacity. • Concrete wash-down areas are generally not designed for the collection of excess concrete. • Excess concrete waste should be returned to the local batching plant for disposal or placed in a receptacle designated for concrete and masonry. • To minimize the amount of washout water generated, excess concrete should be scraped off the equipment before it is washed and placed in a site receptacle designated for concrete. • A high pressure, low volume water spray nozzle should be used to reduce water use.

Wildlife 68. Daily and on-going observations for general wildlife activity shall be undertaken by all personnel on site.

69. Should wildlife enter the construction zone, personnel will stand back and allow the animal to leave the site. Harassment or handling of the specimen is not permitted. Should the specimen not vacate the Site under their own power, relocation of the specimen shall be coordinated with PCA and an Environmental Specialist. 70. A record of all wildlife encounters shall be recorded on the daily environmental inspection checklist. This report shall include the location, date/time of the encounter, the species involved, condition of the animal and photos (if taken). 71. Parking, laydown and storage shall only be permitted in designated areas and limited to existing disturbances to the extent possible. Work spaces shall be clearly delineated. 72. All vehicles and equipment will follow the posted speed limit, to reduce the potential for wildlife collisions. If any wildlife collisions/strikes occur, they will be recorded in the daily reports. Information will include date, time, photos, identification of wildlife and information as to what happened. 73. Daily housekeeping will ensure that the construction area is kept clean and free of potential hazards for wildlife, such as wire or tubing. Chemicals shall be kept in wildlife-proof containers. 74. All waste is to be stored in wildlife-proof containers and regularly removed from the Site. Removal is to occur weekly, or at more regular intervals as appropriate, such as in times of warm weather. 75. The feeding, harassment, hunting or trapping of wildlife by site personnel is prohibited.

Vegetation 76. Site clearing/commencement of construction should be planned to occur outside of sensitive nesting times - April 1 to August 31. If this is not feasible, then the site must be inspected by a biologist prior to clearing, to check for the presence of nests. 77. Trees, shrubs and vegetation which are to remain throughout construction should be properly identified and delineated. 78. Where practical, the branches of the large trees should be trimmed back as the first option rather than cutting the entire tree. 79. Disturbance of vegetation along the shoreline must be limited to what is required for the work. 80. Should any vegetation require chipping/mulching, the after product will be stored onsite for the duration of the project to supplement erosion and sediment control methods when required. 81. Minimize clearing as much as possible to maintain riparian vegetative cover and windbreaks, where possible maintain vegetated buffer at shoreline and minimize clearing near water bodies. If buffers cannot be maintained, avoid grubbing of vegetation root mass in proximity to shorelines and stream banks. 82. When feasible, alter riparian vegetation by hand. If machinery must be used, operate machinery on land and in a manner that minimizes disturbance to the banks of the water body. 83. Grubbing should not be conducted unless a suitable planting plan and Erosion and Sediment Controls are in place. Discuss with EA officer for suitable plans. 84. Prune limbs close to the tree trunk. For a clean cut, make a shallow undercut first, then follow with the top cut. This prevents the limb from peeling bark off the tree as it falls. Do not use an axe

for pruning. If over half of a tree needs pruning, in most circumstances it will be best to cut it down instead of pruning. Cut trees off at ground level and do not leave pointed stumps. 85. In larger areas to be cleared attempts should be made to keep trees >15 cm DBH intact and instead remove lower limbs (< 2.5 m high). 86. Delineate areas to be avoided with flagging tape or temporary fences 87. Root systems of trees identified to remain should be properly delineated and fenced off, so as to protect the root systems from being crushed and impacted by machinery. 88. In the event that the installation of root-protectant fencing is not possible and/or ideal, alternative measures, as approved by PCA, must then be implemented. Such measures must provide a sufficient amount of soil compaction prevention with regards to the highest level of activity to occur within the immediate area of protection. • For areas of light-to-medium levels of traffic activity, a geotextile cloth shall be placed over the area of protection and covered with an 8 inch (at minimum) thick layer of mulch material. • Pins or staples must be used to secure the geotextile material to the ground. • For areas of medium-to-high levels of traffic activity, a geotextile cloth shall be placed over the area of protection and covered with an 8 inch (at minimum) thick layer of mulch material. The mulch material shall then by covered with 3/4 inch sheets of plywood. • Overtime, mulch material can degrade, move, or wash away. Mulch must be replenished as necessary in order to maintain a layer of 8 inch thickness at all times. • Mulch material should not be permitted to pile against the trunk(s) or root flare(s) the tree(s), as this may lead to unwanted bark rot and oxygen deprivation, subsequently leading to the death of the tree(s). • Alternative methodology for soil-compaction prevention may be utilized, as reviewed and approved by PCA.

89. The success of all vegetative plantings shall be assessed through visual site inspections conducted at least once each spring and each fall for the first two growing seasons following planting. If at any time during the monitoring period any plantings are found dead or failing, mitigation measures shall be implemented to reduce the risk of future failure and the plants shall be replaced and monitored accordingly. 90. Native grasses, shrubs, etc. should be planted to match existing species growing on the sites.

Invasive Species 91. To reduce the risk of introducing invasive species, all equipment must be thoroughly cleaned prior to coming to the site. Any machinery that appears to have not been cleaned will not be permitted on site. For additional information or guidance on how to properly clean equipment, see the Clean Equipment Protocol for Industry developed by the Ontario Invasive Plant Council: http://www.ontarioinvasiveplants.ca/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Clean- Equipment- Protocol_June2016_D3_WEB-1.pdf 92. Mud, dirt and vegetation should be cleaned from clothing and footwear prior to entering the work site, and prior to leaving the work site.

93. Should an invasive species be encountered or at least suspected, a photo and report of the specimen should be sent to PCA. 94. Use weed-free material (i.e. sand, gravel, etc.) for erosion control and stabilization. 95. Use weed-free seed and confirm that seed mix to be used for re-vegetation purposes does not (potentially) contain invasive plants. 96. Seed purchased commercially should have a label that states the following: • Species; • Purity: Most seed should be no less than 75 % pure and preferably over 85 % pure. The rest is inert matter, weed seed, or other seed; • Weed seed content: The tag should state NO invasive plants are present. Only certified weed-free seed should be used; and • Germination of desired seed: Germination generally should not be less than 50 % for most species, although some shrubs and forbs will have lower percentages.

97. Move only weed/contaminate-free materials into non-infested areas. Moving materials from one infested location to another within a particular zone may not cause contamination, but moving materials from infested to non-infested areas could lead to the introduction and spread of invasive plants. 98. If removal of invasive species occurs, individuals will be disposed of appropriately, offsite to ensure no further propagation.

Cultural Resources and Archaeology 99. When removing work for the purposes of replacement or repair, it is possible to uncover unanticipated materials or construction that may have historic significance or provide important evidence of previous construction techniques or materials. If unanticipated material or construction is discovered during work, the project lead should stop the work, take photos, and consult with PCA immediately for advice on how to proceed. 100. When temporary structures and machinery are installed on a site, the contractor must safeguard the character-defining elements of the site (including landscape features). The contractor should bear in mind that at National Historic Sites, the recommended practice is to employ a minimal intervention approach, as defined in the Standards and Guidelines for the Conservation of Historic Places in Canada. 101. Vehicular access routes and staging areas will be restricted to present-day roadways, parking lots, exposed bedrock areas and significantly disturbed areas. If this is not possible, the use of protective covering such as geotextile protective mats with a wood chip lift or granular “A” gravel is required. All protective measures employed must be removed following construction and the area restored to a pre-construction state. Excavation is not permitted during installation or removal of protective covering. 102. If significant features (e.g., structural remains and/or high artifact concentrations) are encountered during construction activities, excavation should cease in the immediate area, the findings photographed, and the Parks Canada Project Manager be informed. The Project Manager should then contact Parks Canada's Terrestrial Archaeology section for advice and assessment of significance, which will in turn determine the requirements to mitigate the find.

103. If archaeological, cultural resources, or character-defining elements (e.g. structural features or artifact concentrations) are encountered or damaged during construction activities, work will cease in the immediate area and the Parks Canada Project Manager informed. The Project Manager should then contact Parks Canada's Terrestrial Archaeology section for advice and assessment of significance, and if necessary, any further mitigation measures

Noise /Air 104. Adhere to local noise by-laws. Notify residents of planned activities that may cause disturbance and schedule them to avoid sensitive time periods. 105. Monitor and mitigate public complaints by keeping a record of complaints and addressing any issues raised by the public. 106. All on-site vehicles are expected to have a Drive Clean Emissions Report in compliance with O. Reg. 361/98: Motor Vehicles under the Environmental Protection Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. E.19. EA Officers may stop a vehicle if they believe the vehicle is emitting excessive exhaust smoke or suspect that emission control equipment has been tampered with or removed. 107. Use well-maintained heavy equipment and machinery, fitted with fully functional emission control systems/muffler/exhaust baffles, engine covers, etc. 108. Machines shall not be left to unnecessarily idle in order to avoid emissions. 109. All construction site entrances from public roads shall be stabilized using temporary tracking pads or mud mats. The location(s) and type(s) of vehicle tracking controls and mud mats shall be identified in the EMP. The pad or mud mats should be designed for the full width of the entrance or a minimum width of 3.6 m wide and the minimum pad/mat length of 5m. 110. The stabilized site entrance should be designed in combination with other erosion and sediment control measures and in combination with vehicle wash facilities (as required).

Waste Disposal 111. Recyclable material and waste shall be removed from the site, in accordance with all federal, provincial and municipal regulations, to disposal facilities licensed to receive them. 112. Waste generated will be disposed according to regulations (i.e., O. Reg. 102/94 and O. Reg. 558/00, R.R.O. 1990, 347). Floods, Extreme or Inclement Weather and Ice Formation 113. Undertake construction under normal weather conditions, to the extent possible, and design the project worksite to withstand variable weather conditions. 114. Apply wet weather restrictions on construction activities to reduce surface run-off from exposed work areas and to minimize the risk of inundation. 115. The work area shall be stabilized against the impacts of high flow/heavy rainfall events at the end of each workday. 116. Work shall be suspended and the work area stabilized when there is a high probability of a rainfall event.

9. PUBLIC/STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT & ABORIGINAL CONSULTATION 9 a) Indicate whether public/stakeholder engagement was undertaken in relation to potential adverse effects of the proposed project: ☒ No ☐ Yes (describe the process to involve relevant parties and indicate how comments were taken into consideration).

Public participation was not sought on this project as the proposed works are considered maintenance of an existing asset. It does not have the potential to general conflict between the environmental, social or economic values of concern to the public.

9 b) Indicate whether Aboriginal consultation was undertaken in relation to potential adverse effects of the proposed project: ☒ No ☐ Yes (describe the process to involve relevant parties and how the results were taken into consideration).

Parks Canada is engaged with Williams Treaties First Nations (WTFN) in ensuring Aboriginal and Treaty Rights issues are properly addressed and where warranted accommodation made on all projects and activities within the Trent Severn Waterways under the management of Parks Canada. Given the nature of the works - maintenance of an existing structure - with the appropriate mitigation measures in place and taking into account engagement on similar matters to date, specific Aboriginal Consultation was not undertaken. WTFN communities will be updated regularly on the status of the project and if needed further engagement may be undertaken.

10. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESIDUAL ADVERSE EFFECTS

No residual adverse effects following mitigation and adverse effects on ecological integrity (EI), commemorative integrity (CI), and visitor experience (VE) objectives are anticipated.

11. SURVEILLANCE ☐ Surveillance is not required ☒ Surveillance is required (provide details such as the proposed schedule and the focus of inspections)

Parks Canada’s Environmental Authority may visit the site during construction to ensure that mitigation measures are in place, working as anticipated and are effective at preventing adverse effects to natural and cultural heritage features.

Surveillance by Cultural Resource Management Staff is also recommended to ensure effectiveness of proposed mitigation measures.

The project will be managed by PWGSC and work will be performed by an outside contractor. PWGSC will monitor progress and ensure mitigation measures are being observed.

12. FOLLOW-UP MONITORING Follow-up monitoring is: ☒ not required ☐ legally required (e.g. under the Species at Risk Act or Fisheries Act) ☐ required in accordance with the Parks Canada Cultural Resource Management Policy

13. SARA NOTIFICATION Notification is: ☒ not required ☐ required under the Species at Risk Act (outline the nature of and response to any notification).

14. EXPERTS CONSULTED

Department/Agency/Institution: Date of Request: Parks Canada Agency June 1, 2018 Expert's Name & Contact Information: Title: Nathalie Desrosiers Policy Advisor, Cultural Resources Management Expertise Requested: CRM Advice for project

Response: Statement of Cultural Resource Impact

Department/Agency/Institution: Date of Request: Parks Canada Agency June 24th, 2015 Expert's Name & Contact Information: Title: Technical Services Coordinator Duncan Manser

Expertise Requested: Project overview and construction process details Response: Project Description Provided

Department/Agency/Institution: Date of Request: Parks Canada Agency Expert's Name & Contact Information: Title: Barbara Leskovec Federal Infrastructure Investments Archaeologist Expertise Requested: Archaeological assessment of the work area Response:

Appendix 1 Construction Drawings (to be appended when finalized)

Appendix 2: Species at Risk, their status and their potential to be found within the project area.

Common Scientific Name SARA Status ESA Status Preferred Habitat Habitat/Potential on Name Project Site Birds Eastern Whip- Caprimulgus Threatened Threatened Semi-open forests or patchy forests with clearings, such as No habitat on site poor-will vociferus barrens or forests that are regenerating following major disturbances. Eastern Whip-poor-wills migrate to Mexico and Central America for the winter Least Bittern Ixobrychus Threatened Threatened The Least Bittern breeds strictly in marshes dominated by No habitat on site exilis emergent vegetation surrounded by areas of open water. Most breeding grounds in Canada are dominated by cattails, but breeding also occurs in areas with other robust emergent plants and in shrubby swamps. Breeding habitats are occupied from mid-May to mid-September. In winter months Least bitterns migrate to the southern United States, Mexico and Central America. Golden- Vermivora Threatened Special Regeneration areas (old fields, hydro right-of-ways) No habitat on site winged chrysoptera Concern surrounded by mature forest. The Golden-winged Warbler

Warbler is a long-distance migrant and migrates south mainly through a corridor of states east of the Mississippi River and west of the Appalachians, with peak movement in September. They begin to return on spring migration in April, during which month they are still regularly recorded in Costa Rica as well as in Texas and Kentucky. Red- Buteo lineatus Special Not at Risk Deciduous or mixed-wood forests containing shade- Potentially shouldered Concern tolerant hardwood trees close to wetland areas. Large

Hawk woodlots (10 to 100 hectares) can sustain viable Red- shouldered Hawk populations. Grasshopper pratensis Special Special Breeds in large human-created grasslands (≥ 5 ha), such as No habitat on site

Sparrow subspecies Concern Concern pastures and hayfields, and natural prairies. (Ammodramus savannarum ssp. pratensis)

Common Chordeiles Threatened Special Open, vegetation-free habitats (dunes, beaches, recently No habitat on site

Nighthawk minor Concern harvested forests, burnt-over areas, rocky outcrops, rocky barrens, grasslands, pastures, peat bogs, marshes, lakeshores, and river banks)

Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica No Status Threatened Nest almost exclusively on man-made structures (bridges, No culverts, barns). Barn Swallows are long-distance migrants and fly from North American breeding grounds to wintering areas in Central and South America. Eastern Contopus virens No Status Special Edges of mixed or deciduous forests, intermediate-aged Low – may be found in

Wood-pewee Concern mature forests. The Eastern Wood-pewee is a long distance adjacent habitat migrant, wintering in the tropics. Canada Cardellina Threatened Special Canada Warbler uses a wide range of deciduous, Low – may nest in Warbler canadensis Concern coniferous, and mixed forests with a well-developed shrub neighbouring forests but layer, and a structurally complex forest floor. not at the site Red-headed Melanerpes Threatened Special Variety of habitats, including oak and beech forests, Potentially Woodpecker erythrocephalus Concern grasslands, forest edges, orchards, pastures, riparian forests, roadsides, urban parks, golf courses, cemeteries, beaver ponds and burns.

Wood Thrush Hylocichla No Status Special Mature mixed or deciduous forests, often moist, well- Low – may be found in mustelina Concern developed undergrowth, large forest stands. The Wood adjacent habitat Thrush is a long-distance migrant, wintering in southern America and Mexico.

Bobolink Dolichonyx No Status Threatened Bobolink nest in tallgrass prairie and other open meadows, No habitat on site oryzivorus including hayfields. Eastern Sturnella No Status Threatened Nest in moderately tall grasslands, such as pastures and No habitat on site

Meadowlark magna hayfields, but also nest in alfalfa fields, weedy borders of croplands, roadsides, orchards, shrubby overgrown fields, or other open areas. Reptiles Eastern Musk Sternotherus Threatened Special Eastern Musk Turtle require shallow water with little or no Not likely

Turtle odoratus Concern current, and soft earth to bury into when they hibernate. Nesting habitat is variable, but it must be close to the water and exposed to direct sunlight.

Blanding’s Emydoidea Threatened Threatened Blanding’s Turtles can be found in several types of Potentially

Turtle blandingii freshwater environments, including lakes, permanent or temporary pools, slow-flowing streams, marshes and swamps. They will travel long distances overland (>410m) for basking and nesting sites. Snapping Chelydra Special Special Has been recorded in the area previously. Usually found in Potentially

Turtle serpentina Concern Concern large bodies of water, but will sometimes inhabit small ponds. Rarely leave water except to nest and migrate to overwintering habitat. Northern Map Graptemys Special Special The Northern Map Turtle inhabits both lakes and rivers, Potentially

Turtle geographica Concern Concern showing a preference for slow moving currents, muddy bottoms, and abundant aquatic vegetation. Spotted Turtle Clemmys Endangered Endangered Aquatic habitat is typically comprised of wetlands that are Potentially guttata shallow (less than 1 m of water) and rich in organic matter, including swamps, bogs, fens and marshes. Terrestrial habitat includes shoreline areas such as beaches, rocky outcrops, as well as upland forests, open fields and meadows Eastern Hog- Heterodon Threatened Threatened Preferred habitat includes well-drained soil; a loose or Potentially -may inhabit nosed Snake platirhinos sandy soil; open vegetative cover such as open woods, the neighbouring forest brushland or forest edge; proximity to water; and climatic edge and may pass conditions typical of the eastern deciduous forest biome through the Project site (Seburn 2009). Eastern Lampropeltis Special Special Found in a wide variety of habitats, from prairies, pastures, Moderate

Milksnake triangulum Concern Concern and hayfields, to rocky hillsides and a wide variety of forest types. Often in close proximity to water. The milksnake hibernates underground, in rotting logs or in the foundations of old buildings. Eastern Thamnophis Special Special Aquatic and most frequently found along wetland edges. Moderate - this species Ribbonsnake sauritus Concern Concern Quiet, shallow water with low surrounding cover is may inhabit the littoral preferred, although areas with good exposure to sunlight zone and shores of the are also required. Trent-Severn Waterway. Massasauga Sistrurus Threatened Threatened Mosaic of bedrock barrens, conifer swamps, beaver Low - the project site is catenatus meadows, fens, bogs, and shoreline habitats. Hibernation located near the limits of

occurs in structural stability areas with access to the water Massasauga critical habit; table/moist substrate, access to sufficient depth below the however, critical habitat frost line. is not present on site. Eastern Pantherophis Endangered Threatened Use non-forested areas, such as old fields, marshes and Potentially Foxsnake gloydi hedgerows bordering riparian zones along drainage features. Brush piles, rocks, tree stumps and driftwood are used for basking within their habitat. In the winter they hibernate in limestone fissures, small mammal burrows, wells and building foundations Uses oviposition sites (deposits eggs) Common Five- Plestiodon Special Special Preferred habitat includes rocky outcrops, sand dunes, Moderate to High – has lined Skink fasciatus Concern Concern riparian forests, open deciduous forests, and cut-over been observed in woodlots. Rocky outcrops embedded within a matrix of adjacent land but not at coniferous and deciduous forest is also an important the project site/habitat habitat feature, as well as exposed rock outcrops covered limited around the work with loose rock of variable sizes. site Insects

Monarch Danaus Special Special Monarchs can be found wherever milkweed and Potentially plexippus Concern Concern wildflowers grow. This includes abandoned farmland, along roadsides, and other open spaces. While earlier generations complete their life cycle in four weeks, late season (“super generation”) butterflies migrate south each autumn. Yellow- Bombus Special Special A habitat generalist within open coniferous, deciduous and Potentially banded terricola Concern Concern mixed-wood forests, wet and dry meadows and prairie Bumblebee grasslands, meadows bordering riparian zones, and along roadsides, in taiga adjacent to wooded areas, urban parks, gardens and agricultural areas, subalpine habitats and more isolated natural areas. Like other bumble bees, the Yellow-banded Bumble Bee is a generalist pollen forager and has been collected from a wide variety of plant species Mammals Little Brown Myotis lucifugus Endangered Endangered Little Brown Myotis hibernate from October or November Potentially may

Myotis to March or April, most often in caves or abandoned mines forage/roost in adjacent that are humid and remain above freezing. In summer they habitat

forage at night and roost in trees and buildings during the day. Northern Myotis Endangered Endangered Similar habitat preferences to Little Brown Myotis - Potentially may

Myotis septentrionalis hibernate from October or November to March or April, forage/roost in adjacent most often in caves or abandoned mines. Often roost habitat under loose bark or in tree cavities. Tri-coloured Perimyotis Endangered Endangered Often found hibernating in same locations as Little Brown Potentially may

Bat subflavus Myotis and Northern Myotis – abandoned mines and caves. forage/roost in adjacent Relatively rare species in Canada. habitat Eastern Small- Myotis leibii Not Assessed Endangered Often found hibernating in same locations as Little Brown Potentially may

footed Bat Myotis and Northern Myotis, but they tend to occupy forage/roost in adjacent cooler, drier areas of the cave. In summer they forage at habitat night and roost in a variety of habitats, including in or under rocks, in rock outcrops, in buildings, under bridges, or in caves, mines, or hollow trees. Fish Lake Sturgeon Acipenser No Status Threatened Occupies a wide variety of aquatic ecosystems. Spawning Potential to pass through fulvescens habitat is typically characterized by fast-moving water the lock but unlikely to found at the base of falls, rapids, or dams. Habitat inhabit the canal during requirements at the age-0 stage are not well understood. the project period Aside from the requirement of adequate benthic prey items, the habitat requirements for middle to later life stages (juveniles and adults) are not particularly narrow.