RECORD OF DECISION FOR THE PRESIDENTIAL AIRCRAFT RECAPITALIZATION PROGRAM AT JOINT BASE ANDREWS-NAVAL AIR FACILITY, MARYLAND

Introduction The United States Air Force (Air Force) is issuing this Record of Decision for the Presidential Aircraft Recapitalization Program at Joint Base Andrews-Naval Air Facility, Washington, MD (hereafter referred to as "the Program") Final Environmental Impact Statement (Federal Register Vol. No. 82 No. 199, Page 48227, October 17,2017). In making this decision, the information, analysis, and public comments contained in the Presidential Aircraft Recapitalization Final Environmental Impact Statement, along with other relevant matters, were considered. This Record of Decision is prepared in accordance with the Council on Environmental Quality regulations implementing the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations §1505.2 and Title 32 Code of Federal Regulations §989.21, Environmental Impact Analysis Process. The Air Force is the Lead Agency for the Program Environmental Impact Statement and there are no cooperating agencies. Specifically, this Record of Decision: • States the Air Force's decision (pages 1-2 and 10-11); • Identifies alternatives considered by the Air Force in reaching the decision and specifies the alternative(s) considered to be environmentally preferable (pages 2 and 3); • Identifies and discusses relevant factors that were considered in making the decision among the alternatives, and states how those factors entered into the decision (page 3); and • States whether all practicable means to avoid or minimize environmental harm from the selected alternative were adopted, and if not, why they were not adopted, and summarizes the applicable mitigation (pages 6-10). Decision Synopsis The Air Force will construct and operate a two-bay Presidential Aircraft Recapitalization Hangar Complex (hereafter referred to as "the Hangar Complex") facility on Joint Base Andrews at a location known as Alternative 4 to house two separately acquired Boeing 747-8 aircraft. These aircraft are being acquired to replace the aging VC-25A aircraft currently stationed at Joint Base Andrews, Maryland. The Air Force will relocate the Joint Air Defense Operations Center Satellite Site to the northeastern quadrant of the installation, between New Hampshire Avenue and the installation boundary to accommodate development of the Hangar Complex at the Alternative 4 location. The Air Force will utilize, on an interim basis during the Hangar Complex construction, the Taxiway C Interim Option for the Hazardous Cargo Pad. The Air Force did not make a final decision for the Hazardous Cargo Pad and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range permanent siting. However, the Air Force hereby identifies Hazardous Cargo Pad and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range Southeast Option I or a variant thereof (e.g. Southeast Option IA or IA-3) as its preferred alternative for the permanent siting of these facilities.

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The Air Force is not making an absolute decision to relocate the Military Working Dog Kennel at this time. The decision to relocate the Kennel is contingent upon the final decision for relocating the Hazardous Cargo Pad and/or in the event that animals housed in the Kennel are exposed to unacceptable levels of noise or other pollution due to Presidential Aircraft Recapitalization operations. Either or both of these contingencies would result in the Air Force relocating the Kennel to the Vermont Road alternative (Final Environmental Impact Statement, §2.3.3.2). The Air Force has adopted mitigations for the Hangar Complex and Joint Air Defense Operations Center Satellite Site as addressed within this Record of Decision. Background The White House, in March 2006, encouraged the Department of Defense to begin the formal process of replacing the VC-25A aircraft, as soon as necessary, by the estimated retirement date (2017). Basing of the replacement 747-8 at Joint Base Andrews was approved through an Expedited Strategic Basing decision on May 31, 2012. The current Presidential Aircraft Hangar facility (Hangar 19) at Joint Base Andrews is not large enough to safely house the selected replacement 747-8 aircraft; consequently a new Hangar Complex must be located and constructed to accommodate the new 747-8 aircraft with associated personnel and support facilities. Alternatives Considered The Air Force examined requirements of the Program in relation to the various locations at Joint Base Andrews that could both accommodate a new hangar complex as well as preserve mission capability of any displaced base assets and mission activities (Final Environmental Impact Statement, §§2.2.2 - 2.2.3). The Air Force considered the following alternatives for the Program:

• Hangar Complex o Alternative 3A o Alternative 4 • Hazardous Cargo Pad and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range o Hazardous Cargo Pad Southeast Option I o Hazardous Cargo Pad Southeast Option IA o Hazardous Cargo Pad Southeast Option IA-3 o Hazardous Cargo Pad Southeast Option 2 with Explosive Ordnance Disposal Option I o Hazardous Cargo Pad Southeast Option 2 with Explosive Ordnance Disposal Option 2 o Hazardous Cargo Pad Southwest Option o Hazardous Cargo Pad Taxiway W Option o Taxiway C Interim Option • Joint Air Defense Operations Center Satellite Site (single alternative) • Military Working Dog Kennel o Tyler Road o Vermont Road • No-Action Page 2 of 11 RECORD OF DECISION FOR THE PRESIDENTIAL AIRCRAFT RECAPITALIZATION PROGRAM AT JOINT BASE ANDREWS-NAVAL AIR FACILITY, MARYLAND

Environmentally Preferable Alternative

The environmentally preferable alternative is considered to be the No-Action Alternative. The No-Action Alternative constitutes the affected environment at Joint Base Andrews and causes the least damage to the biological and physical environment. It also best protects, preserves, and enhances historic, cultural, and natural resources on or surrounding Joint Base Andrews. Basis of Decision The Air Force selected Alternative 4 for the Hangar Complex because it best meets the purpose and need and selection standards established for the Program, in terms of: 1) operating in accordance with all applicable design criteria; 2) providing at least one taxiway access point to the Hangar Complex; 3) maintaining operational capability and preserving existing response times for the Presidential Airlift Group and other missions at Joint Base Andrews; 4) enabling the continued use of the existing Hangar 19 during the Hangar Complex construction; and 5) providing options to relocate any impacted missions or assets in accordance with the Program schedule (Final Environmental Impact Statement, §2.2.3.2). Alternative 4 was selected as the course of action for the Hangar Complex since it provides additional taxiway access opportunities and flexibility for the complex if multiple locations are ever needed. Alternative 4 also alleviates the need to relocate a portion of Virginia Avenue and adjacent housing units that would be required with Alternative 3A, and leaves the existing golf course maintenance facility intact. The Air Force located the Joint Air Defense Operations Center Satellite Site to the northeastern quadrant of the base due to the unique nature of operations of the facility, adherence to Department of Defense safety and security requirements, and the ability to minimize site vulnerabilities (Final Environmental Impact Statement, pg. 2-5). Relocation of the existing Hazardous Cargo Pad is required in order to allow for construction of the Hangar Complex at Alternative 4, In order to support its on-going mission requirements the Air Force will utilize Taxiway C Interim Option. Public Involvement The Air Force solicited and considered comments from agencies and the interested public during scoping, at public hearings, and during the public comment period on the Draft Environmental Impact Statement. Information reflecting public involvement is addressed in the Final Environmental Impact Statement (Final Environmental Impact Statement, §1.1.3 and Appendix A-4). Public notices and meetings included:

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• Notice oflntent to Prepare the Environmental Impact Statement: Published May 4, 2016, in the Federal Register, Volume 81, Number 86, page 26779 • Scoping Period: Initiated May 4, 2016 and ended May 28, 2016. Scoping meetings were held in Morningside, Maryland on May 23 and 24, 2016 • Draft Environmental Impact Statement Notice of Availability: Published February 3, 2017, in the Federal Register, Volume 82, Number 22, page 9212 • Public Comment and Review Period: A 45-day comment period was initiated with the publication of the Notice of Availability in the Federal Register, and ended on March 20, 2017 • Public Hearings: During the public comment period, two hearings were held on March 2, 2017 in Upper Marlboro, Maryland • Final Environmental Impact Statement Notice of Availability: Published October 17, 2017 in the Federal Register (Volume 82, No. 199, page 48227). Publication on this date initiated the mandatory minimum 30-day waiting period prior to the signature of this Record of Decision. Comments Received Post Final EIS The United States Environmental Protection Agency (The Agency) provided comments during the 3 0-day waiting period between publication of the Final Environmental Impact Statement and earliest issuance of the Record of Decision. The Agency assigned the Final Environmental Impact Statement a "Lack of Objection" rating. During the 3 0-day waiting period between publication of the Final Environmental Impact Statement and earliest issuance of the Record of Decision, comments were received from Soil Safe, Incorporated, whose property and business operations are potentially affected by some Hazardous Cargo Pad alternatives studied in the Final Environmental Impact Statement. Soil Safe) Jncorpnr:-itecl incll(',;:\terl th;:\t it crmlrl nnt i;:nppnrt A-ir Porr.e ,;,:pJpctirm ~nrI -implPmPnfat-inn of any of the Hazardous Cargo Pad Southeast Option 2 alternatives. Soil Safe, Incorporated also stated that Southeast Option I was more favorable but would involve extensive re-permitting and costs associated with its grading plans, stormwater management and resource inventory efforts. In contrast, the Southeast Option 1 variants IA and lA-3 have fewer impacts which could be mitigated through coordinated effort with the Air Force and applicable regulatory agencies, with the Southeast Option variant lA-3 requiring no re-permitting whatsoever. In light of these comments from Soil Safe, Incorporated, this Record of Decision identifies the preferred alternative for the permanent siting of the Hazardous Cargo Pad. Agency Coordination and Consultation The Air Force consulted early with federal and state agencies, agencies with jurisdiction over biological and cultural resources, and Federally Recognized Tribes (Tribes) on the alternatives considered in the Environmental Impact Statement. Consultations included informal consultation with the United States Fish and Wildlife Service under Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act, addressing the sandplain gerardia, which exists in marginal habitat on Joint Base Andrews in a fenced area proximal to Hazardous Cargo Pad

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Southeast Option 1. Field reconnaissance conducted in the summer of 2016 revealed that the habitat area has little to no open ground and is currently dominated by non-native invasive species. Disturbance activities associated with the Program would not likely adversely affect the sandplain gerardia or its habitat. The United States Fish and Wildlife Service concurred with the Air Force's finding that the Program is not likely to adversely affect the sandplain gerardia or its habitat on Joint Base Andrews in April of 2017 (Final Environmental Impact Statement §4.3.1.1). The Air Force initiated consultation with the Maryland Historical Trust, which acts as the Maryland State Historic Preservation Office per Section 1.06 of the National Historic Preservation Act. The Air Force evaluated potential historic architectural significance of facilities within the Program's Areas of Potential Effect by applying National Register of Historic Places criteria. The Air Force concluded that no resources are eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places, including the Joint Base Andrews "Belle Chance" area, per 36 CFR § 800.4(c), (Final Environmental Impact Statement, §4.4.1.1 ). The Air Force determined that the Suitland Parkway is not within the current undertaking's Area of Potential Effect. Secondary impacts resulting from the Program are not expected to impact its status as a historic resource and construction truck traffic would avoid the use of Suitland Parkway (Final Environmental Impact Statement, § 4.6). The Air Force's construction contractors will secure necessary permits through the National Park Service if the Suitland Parkway is used. The frequency of use in these circumstances would not adversely affect the Parkway's status as a historic resource. The Air Force did not identify areas on base eligible for listing to the National Register of Historic Places on the basis of archaeological significance. Field reconnaissance was conducted in summer of 2016 and revealed that pre-existing soil disturbance and development were part of the affected environments related to the Hazardous Cargo Pad alternatives and no archaeological materials were recovered from these areas during the reconnaissance. The Maryland Historical Trust concurred with the Air Force's finding that the Program is not likely to adversely affect historic architectural or archaeological resources within or surrounding Joint Base Andrews in December of 2016 (Final Environmental Impact Statement, §4.4.6). The Air Force determined that no adverse Section 106 impacts to tribal resources are anticipated, through Section 106 government-to-government consultations with potentially affected Tribes. The Oneida Indian Nation, Delaware Nation, and the Delaware Tribe responded to the Air Force's request for consultation, and concurred with Air Force's effects determination. None of the tribes consulted identified any properties ofreligious and cultural significance associated with the undertaking. Therefore, Section 106 agency and tribal consultation with respect to archaeological resources for this Environmental Impact Statement is complete (Final Environmental Impact Statement, §4.4.6). A General Conformity Determination is not required for the Proposed Action and alternatives (Final Environmental Impact Statement, §4.2.7.3), because air emissions estimates presented in the Environmental Impact Statement indicate that both operational and construction phase air emissions are within applicable de minimis thresholds specified by the General Conformity

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Regulations of the Clean Air Act and its amendments. Therefore, no agency coordination or consultation was conducted for air quality. Mitigation Measures The Air Force has considered all practicable means to avoid or minimize environmental harm that could result from the Program. Compliance with laws and regulations administered by federal and state regulatory agencies are mandated, and are not considered discretionary with respect to Air Force decision making. Because some of these laws and regulations have mitigating effects, they will be tracked along with other mitigations identified in this Record of Decision. The Air Force will develop a Mitigation Monitoring Plan which identifies requisite mitigations and principal and subordinate organizations having responsibility for oversight and execution of specific mitigation actions. Impact-inducing actions will not be taken or implemented prior to application of mitigation measures described within this Record of Decision and the follow-on Mitigation Monitoring Plan which is due within 90 days of the signature of this Record of Decision. Mitigations for impacts related to the Program are described in the Final Environmental Impact Statement (Final Environmental Impact Statement, §2.5.1) and generally listed below by resource categories. The Air Force will: Air Quality: • Minimize operational emissions to the maximum extent practical by adopting alternatively­ fueled equipment and stationary combustion devices, minimizing auxiliary power unit operating times, and using the most expeditious taxi routes between the runways and the Hangar Complex facilities at Joint Base Andrews

fugitive dust suppression measures in accordance with state regulations, reducing equipment and vehicle idling, encouraging carpooling/ridesharing, and using environmentally friendly construction materials Biological Resources: • Schedule land clearing to occur outside migratory bird nesting periods • Maintain existing forested corridors to allow for connectivity between forested areas • Implement reforestation initiatives to create or enhance natural habitats • Continue adherence to Bird/Wildlife Aircraft Strike Hazard Program • Continue adherence to Management Action Plan for the sandplain gerardia, including procedures to control non-native and invasive plants in the fenced area Cultural Resources: • Cease activities and notify the Joint Base Andrews Cultural Resources Manager and the Maryland Historical Trust to ensure compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act in the event of inadvertent or unanticipated cultural resource discoveries

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• Suspend construction work until a qualified archaeologist can determine the significance of any encountered resources

Hazardous Materials. Hazardous Waste and Solid Waste: • Dispose of all hazardous materials and hazardous waste consistent with Joint Base Andrews' Hazardous Waste Management Plan, Air Force Instruction 32-7086, Hazardous Materials Management and other relevant regulations and requirements • Manage any encountered asbestos-containing materials per the Joint Base Andrews asbestos management program and state requirements for containing, providing interim storage, removing, transporting and storing the material • Secure a soil remediation permit from the Maryland Department of the Environment for any contaminated soil encountered during construction • Ensure any storage tank removals and installations are conducted in accordance with Maryland Department of the Environment regulations • Update Hazardous Waste Management Plans to account for any new and/or changed waste streams or new procedures, if any, for managing hazardous materials and waste associated with Presidential Airlift Group operations Safety: • Ensure construction contractors review potential work hazards, monitor safety exposure, and maintain a response plan • A void compromise of airfield operations by siting construction materials staging and laydown areas outside of runway clear zones • Secure Federal Aviation Administration and Air Force permits and approvals for cranes and other tall construction equipment in the vicinity of the airfield Soils and Hydrology: • Adhere to stormwater general permit requirements by implementing erosion and sediment control best management practices to limit the potential for exposed soils or contaminants from construction activities Transportation: • Stagger truck traffic or constrain deliveries to nighttime hours to the extent practicable in order to minimize impact on vehicular travel • Avoid congested haul route segments, as identified in the Final Environmental Impact Statement, during peak hours of congestion The primary means of construction truck traffic access will be through the Pearl Harbor Gate during the construction period for the Program. If traffic flow limits are exceeded, transportation­ related mitigation measures will be applied (Final Environmental Impact Statement §4.6.1.1 ). The Air Force will: • Increase the processing capacity of the Pearl Harbor Gate by up to five trucks per hour

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• Route overflow or long-load trucks to an alternative entrance on Joint Base Andrews such as the Maryland Gate • Avoid the use of the Suitland Parkway as a construction haul route to the maximum extent practicable • Ensure that construction contractors obtain a special use permit or letter of authorization from the National Park Service in accordance with 36 CFR §§ 1.6, 5.4 and 5.6, if extenuating circumstances dictate the incidental use of Suitland Parkway for commercial vehicles Mitigations specific to the Hangar Complex and Joint Air Defense Operations Center Satellite Site have been identified (Final Environmental Impact Statement §2.5.1 ). For the Hangar Complex, the Air Force will: • Provide 24.88 acres of reforestation by planting trees at the Brandywine Globecom Annex and/or Joint Base Andrews Arbor Plan reforestation areas • Provide mitigation consisting of 1.32 acres ofpalustrine forested wetland, 0.12 acre of palustrine scrub-shrub wetland and 0.72 acre ofpalustrine emergent wetland area, by applying mitigation credits acquired from wetland restoration activities at the Mattawoman Creek Mitigation Bank or another approved site • Provide mitigation for the loss of 3,363 lineal feet of streams considered Waters of the United States, by applying mitigation credits acquired from stream restoration activities at the Mattawoman Creek Mitigation Bank or another approved site • Provide Environmental Site Design storage volume to maximum extent practicable of 6.12 acre feet of stormwater • Treat the 95th percentile rainfall event (approximately 1.7 inches of rainfall) using a combination of Environmental Site Design and green infrastructure (i.e., micro bio-. retention, bio-retention and underground infiltration facilities), to comply with Section 438 of the Energy Irn.lepen

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• Provide mitigation for the loss of 610 lineal feet of streams considered Waters of the United States, by applying mitigation credits acquired from stream restoration activities at the Mattawoman Creek Mitigation Bank or another approved site • Provide Environmental Site Design storage volume to maximum extent practicable of 0.05 acre feet of stormwater • Comply with Section 438 of the Energy Independence and Security Act by treating the 95th percentile rainfall event (approximately I. 7 inches of rainfall) using a combination of Environmental Site Design and green infrastructure • Incorporate the following design elements to the maximum feasible extent: reduction of building footprints to minimize floodplain encroachment; use of two-story structures; constructing buildings on land elevated above the Base Flood Elevation; establishing first­ floor elevations consistent with potential flood levels; enhancement of building structural strength to withstand high velocity or high pressure water flow; and elevating utilities and equipment that may be hazardous to life if submerged • During cut and fill activities, provide compensatory storage to avoid altering the function and capacity of 100-year and 500-year floodplain areas, by excavating material within or adjacent to the same floodplain to be used as fill (avoiding endangered vegetation and potential cultural sites) The mitigation requirements applicable to the permanent siting location of the Hazardous Cargo Pad and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range will be identified in a subsequent Record of Decision. Finding of No Practicable Alternative Considerations for the Hangar Complex included the ability of a proposed site to comply with all applicable airfield design criteria, provide access flexibility for the Presidential Airlift Group, maintain existing operational capability and preserve response times, enable the continued use of the existing Presidential Hangar during construction, and provide options to relocate any existing missions or assets on Joint Base Andrews (Final Environmental Impact Statement, §2.2.1 ). Two Alternatives for the Hangar Complex, Alternative 3A and Alternative 4, meet the site selection standards described above (Final Environmental Impact Statement, §2.2.3). Alternatives 3A and 4 are situated within the 100-year and 500-year floodplain, and each would impact a combination of palustrine forested, palustrine scrub-shrub and palustrine emergent wetland areas. Although other candidate sites for the Hangar Complex were not situated within these floodplain or wetland areas, those sites did not meet the established selection standards related to operational, infrastructural, schedule and mission constraints. Only one location on Joint Base Andrews could meet the unique operational, safety, security and siting requirements of a relocated Joint Air Defense Operations Center Satellite Site, which is also situated within the 100- and 500-year floodplain and would impact a palustrine forested wetland area. As stated in the Final Environmental Impact Statement, current design efforts for the Joint Air Defense Operations Center Satellite Site have identified opportunities to avoid the potentially impacted wetland area (Final Environmental Impact Statement, §4.3.7).

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Therefore, with respect to the Hangar Complex and Joint Air Defense Operations Center Satellite Site, and pursuant to Executive Orders 11988 (Floodplain Management) and 11990 (Protection of Wetlands), the Air Force finds that there is no practicable alternative to siting and constructing the Hangar Complex and Joint Air Defense Operations Center Satellite within the 100-year and 500-year floodplain and delineated wetland areas (Final Environmental Impact Statement, §§ 4.3.7 and4.ll.3.l). Implementing the floodplain and wetland mitigations defined in this Record of Decision will serve to minimize environmental harm to wetland and floodplain areas. Decision The Air Force will construct and operate a two-bay Hangar Complex facility on Joint Base Andrews at a location known as Alternative 4 (Final Environmental Impact Statement, §2.1 and §2.2.3.2), to house two separately acquired Boeing 747-8 aircraft replacing the VC-25A aircraft (Final Environmental Impact Statement, § 1.1) at Joint Base Andrews, Maryland.

The Joint Air Defense Operations Center Satellite Site will be relocated to the northeastern quadrant of the installation, between New Hampshire Avenue and the installation boundary (Final Environmental Impact Statement §2.3.2 and Fig. 2.1-1) to accommodate development of the Hangar Complex at Alternative 4.

The Air Force will utilize, on an interim basis at least during the Hangar Complex's construction, the Taxiway C Interim Option for the Hazardous Cargo Pad (Final Environmental Impact Statement, §2.1.1.2 and §2.3 .1). Additionally, the Air Force has determined that some of the options for the permanent location of the Hazardous Cargo Pad and the Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range are not fully ripe for a final decision and that the purposes of the National Environmental Policy Act would be furthered by conducting additional consideration of these aiternatives. Operational safety considerations and further investigation of adjacent properties will further inform a decision on the permanent siting of the Hazardous Cargo Pad and/or the Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range.

For the permanent siting of the Hazardous Cargo Pad and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range, the Air Force is hereby identifying as its preferred aiternative Southeast Option I or one of its variants, Southeast Option IA and Southeast Option IA-3. The decision on Hazardous Cargo Pad and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range permanent siting may be documented in a subsequent Record of Decision no sooner than 30 days after this Record of Decision is made available to the public. The Air Force is not making an absolute decision to relocate the Military Working Dog Kennel at this time. The decision to relocate the Kennel is contingent upon the final decision for relocating the Hazardous Cargo Pad and/or in the event that animals housed in the Kennel are exposed to unacceptable levels of noise or other pollution due to Presidential Aircraft Recapitalization operations. Either or both of these contingencies would result in the Air Force relocating the Kennel to the Vermont Road alternative (Final Environmental Impact Statement, §2.3.3.2).

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Mitigation requirements for the Hangar Complex and the Joint Air Defense Operations Center Satellite Site adopted for the alternatives selected within this Record of Decision will be fully developed in a Mitigation and Monitoring Plan.

(Date) Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Air Force

Installations

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Introduction On December 27, 2017, the United States Air Force (Air Force) signed a Record ofDecision1 (Federal Register Vol. 83, No. 33, Page 7017, February 16, 2018) for the Presidential Aircraft Recapitalization Program (hereafter referred to as "the Program") at Joint Base Andrews-Naval Air Facility, Washington (hereafter referred to as "Joint Base Andrews"), Maryland Final Environmental Impact Statement (Federal Register Vol. 82, No. 199, Page 48227, October 17, 2017). The Air Force is issuing this Second Record of Decision for the Program Final Environmental Impact Statement for four principal reasons: 1) to identify the selection of the permanent siting of the Hazardous Cargo Pad and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range; 2) to confirm the decision to relocate the Military Working Dog Kennel to Vermont Road; 3) to amend mitigation measures in the 2017 Record of Decision to account for refined requirements resulting from the Hangar Complex final design process; and 4) to acknowledge the Air Force decision to retain only 45 holes of golf course play at Joint Base Andrews as a result of the Program. Discussion In the 2017 Record of Decision, the Air Force decided to construct and operate a two-bay Presidential Aircraft Recapitalization Hangar Complex (hereafter referred to as "the Hangar Complex") facility on Joint Base Andrews at a location known as Alternative 4. Subsequent to the 2017 Record of Decision, final design of the Hangar Complex has been accomplished. Among other minor adjustments, the final design process included regulatory review and verification of natural resource areas that would be subject to mitigation and permitting. These factors have caused the Air Force to make necessary adjustments to mitigations included in the 2017 Record of Decision and are reflected in this Second Record of Decision. In the 2017 Record of Decision, the Air Force also identified Haz3!dous Cargo Pad and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range Southeast Option 1 or a variant thereof ( e.g. Southeast Option lA or lA-3) as its preferred alternative for the permanent siting of these facilities, but did not make a final selection on the permanent siting of these facilities. In addition, the selection of Alternative 4 for the Hangar Complex also resulted in displacing portions of the golf courses at Joint Base Andrews, which would be necessary to accommodate facility construction at the Alternative 4 location (Final Environmental Impact Statement Figure 2.2-3 and §2.2.3.2). The Final Environmental Impact Statement presumed that modifications to the golf courses at Joint Base Andrews due to the Program would ultimately restore the golf courses to 54 holes. However, the Air Force has decided not to use Program funds to restore the three 18-hole courses and, instead, to realign the existing golf holes to provide two 18-hole courses and one nine-hole course.

1 The 2017 Record of Decision is incorporated by reference. Page 1 of 16 SECOND RECORD OF DECISION FOR THE PRESIDENTIAL AIRCRAFT RECAPITALIZATION PROGRAM AT JOINT BASE ANDREWS-NAVAL AIR FACILITY, MARYLAND

In making the decisions in this Second Record of Decision, the information, analysis, and public comments contained in the Presidential Aircraft Recapitalization Final Environmental Impact Statement, along with other relevant matters, were considered. This Second Record of Decision is prepared in accordance with the Council on Environmental Quality regulations implementing the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations §1505.2 and Title 32 Code of Federal Regulations §989.21, Environmental Impact Analysis Process. The Air Force is the Lead Agency for the Program Environmental Impact Statement and there are no cooperating agencies. Specifically, this Record of Decision: • States the Air Force's decision (pages 2 and 16); • Identifies alternatives considered by the Air Force in reaching the decision and specifies the alternative(s) considered to be environmentally preferable (page 3); • Identifies and discusses relevant factors that were considered in making the decision (pages 3-6); • Identifies mitigation measures for the actions subject to this decision and amendments to mitigation measures for the Hangar Complex as originally stated in the 2017 Record of Decision (pages 13-15); and • States whether all practicable means to avoid or minimize environmental harm from the selected alternative were adopted, and if not, why they were not adopted, and summarizes the applicable mitigation (pages 13-16). Decision Synopsis The Air Force will construct and operate a permanent Hazardous Cargo Pad and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range at a location known as Southeast Option lA-3 (Final Environmental Impact Statement §2.3.1.1.2). Since publication of the 2017 Record of Decision, the Air Force has decided to relocate the Military Working Dog Kennel to the Vermont Road site to better meet current facility standards and operational requirements regardless of the noise and or other pollution contingencies described in the 2017 Record of Decision. The ·Air Force has also decided to retain only two 18-hole golf courses and one nine-hole golf course at Joint Base Andrews as a result of the Program. Additionally, the Air Force has adopted mitigations for the Hazardous Cargo Pad, Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range, and Military Working Dog Kennel as described within this Second Record of Decision. Background Development of the Hangar Complex under Alternative 4 selected in the 2017 Record of Decision would require relocating the existing Hazardous Cargo Pad at Joint Base Andrews. Air Force Mission Directive 13 requires that Joint Base Andrews serve as an Aerial Port of Debarkation/Embarkation for the National Capital Region and maintaining an operationally capable Hazardous Cargo Pad is requisite to fulfilling this directive. Joint Base Andrews does not currently operate a permanent Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range, but had planned for one in a forested area between Alaska Drive, Nevada Avenue and the eastern boundary of Joint Base Andrews. However, this area would be occupied by the relocated Joint Air Defense Operations Center Satellite Site. Co-locating an Explosive Page 2 of 16 SECOND RECORD OF DECISION FOR THE PRESIDENTIAL AIRCRAFT RECAPITALIZATION PROGRAM AT JOINT BASE ANDREWS-NAVAL AIR FACILITY, MARYLAND

Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range with a relocated Hazardous Cargo Pad in proximity to the newly-constructed Munitions Storage Area accomplishes planning goals identified in the Joint Base Andrews Installation Development Plan to alleviate base constraints by: 1) consolidating explosives safety arc footprints, 2) freeing up land on base for other missions; and 3) minimizing the need to transport explosives on public roadways. Additionally, in the Final Environmental Impact Statement and the 2017 Record of Decision, the Air Force identified its decision to relocate the Military Working Dog Kennel to the Vermont Road location contingent upon the final decision for the Hazardous Cargo Pad, and/or in the event that animals housed in the Kennel are exposed to unacceptable levels of noise or other pollution due to Presidential Aircraft Recapitalization operations. Alternatives Considered for Pending Actions The Air Force examined requirements of the Program in relation to the various locations at Joint Base Andrews that could both accommodate a new hangar complex as well as preserve mission capability of any displaced base assets and mission activities (Final Environmental Impact Statement, §§2.2.2 - 2.2.3). The Air Force considered the following alternatives for the pending actions: • Hazardous Cargo Pad and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range o Hazardous Cargo Pad Southeast Option 1 o Hazardous Cargo Pad Southeast Option lA o Hazardous Cargo Pad Southeast Option lA-3 o Hazardous Cargo Pad Southeast Option 2 with Explosive Ordnance Disposal Option 1 o Hazardous Cargo Pad Southeast Option 2 with Explosive Ordnance Disposal Option 2 o Hazardous Cargo Pad Southwest Option o Hazardous Cargo Pad Taxiway W Option o Taxiway C Interim Option • Military Working Dog Kennel o TylerRoad o Vermont Road • No-Action Environmentally Preferable Alternative The environmentally preferable alternative is considered to be the No-Action Alternative. The No-Action Alternative constitutes the affected environment at Joint Base Andrews and causes the least damage to the biological and physical environment. It also best protects, preserves, and enhances historic, cultural, and natural resources on or surrounding Joint Base Andrews. Basis of Decision Hazardous Cargo Pad Relocation and Establishing the Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range Hazardous Cargo Pad and Explosive Ordnance Proficiency Range alternatives studied in the Final Environmental Impact Statement would meet the purpose and need and selection standards established for the Program, in terms of:

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1) Maintaining operational capability and preserving the existing response times for the Presidential Airlift Group and other missions at Joint Base Andrews; and 2) Providing options to relocate any impacted missions or assets in accordance with the Program schedule (Final Environmental Impact Statement, §2.3 .1 ). When considering alternatives studied in the Final Environmental Impact Statement, Hazardous Cargo Pad Southeast Option 2 with Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range Option 2 was considered reasonable, but this option would cause extensive adverse off-base impacts to business operations of adjacent landowner, Soil Safe, Incorporated. Conversely, the Hazardous Cargo Pad Southwest Option would avoid impacts to Soil Safe, Incorporated, but substantial uncertainty exists regarding remediation requirements and costs involving associated Environmental Restoration Program sites. Consideration of potential adverse impacts described by Soil Safe, Incorporated, in comments submitted to the Air Force prompted the development of Southeast Options IA and IA-3, which are minor variations of Southeast Option 1. The Hazardous Cargo Pad Taxiway W Option, which would have been constructed on the Hangar Complex Alternative 4 site if Alternative 3A had been selected, was also evaluated and considered, but it was precluded by the 2017 Record of Decision. Southeast Options IA and IA-3, as well as the Taxiway W Option, were all specifically designed to eliminate altogether, or substantially reduce, the off-base impacts of permanently siting the Hazardous Cargo Pad and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range. Ultimately, the potential to reduce land acquisition costs and substantially reduce or eliminate impacts to Soil Safe, Incorporated, resulted in the selection of Southeast Option 1 ( or variant thereof) as the preferred alternative in the 2017 Record of Decision. To arrive at a decision among the remaining preferred alternatives (Southeast Option 1, Southeast Option IA, or Southeast Option IA-3) for the permanent siting of the Hazardous Cargo Pad and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range, the Air Force considered a range of operational, mission capability, land use compatibility and safety factors, as well as potential impacts to Soil Safe, Incorporated. These factors are outlined in the Final Environmental Impact Statement and summarized below: Southeast Option 1 (Final Environmental Impact Statement § 2.3.1.1 and Figure 2.3-1): Approximately 16 acres ofland would need to be purchased and approximately 27 acres of easement would need to be created on the adjacent property to prevent future development within the Inhabited Building Distance and Public Traffic Route Distance established for explosives safety purposes. Fee simple acquisition and easement would be contingent upon an approved Military Land Acquisition Waiver approved by the Deputy Secretary of Defense. In a November 8, 2017 comment letter to the Final Environmental Impact Statement, Soil Safe, Incorporated, explained the following adverse effects to its business operations associated with Southeast Option 1: 1) revision of grading plans, tree conservation plans and stormwater management plans; 2) abandonment of Stormwater Management Pond 1; 3) redesign of fill and grade leading to Pond 1; 4) intersection of Inhabited Building Distance with site office and scale; 5) intersection of Inhabited Building Distance with county right-of-way access to Foxley Road; 6) restricted future use of 27 acres in easement area; and 7) redesign of grades throughout easement area based on Hazardous Cargo Pad requirements once established. Page 4 of 16 SECOND RECORD OF DECISION FOR THE PRESIDENTIAL AIRCRAFT RECAPITALIZATION PROGRAM AT JOINT BASE ANDREWS-NAVAL AIR FACILITY, MARYLAND

Both an airfield criteria waiver and a variance to Air Force land use compatibility policy would be required for this option due to its placement in the East Runway clear zone. Consequently, closure of the East Runway while the Hazardous Cargo Pad is in use would be necessary, which would in tum impose restrictions on East Runway arrivals and departures. Use of the Hazardous Cargo Pad and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range could occur concurrently and would require coordination with 89th Operations Support Squadron and other operators, as well as with 11th Civil Engineer Squadron for explosives safety reviews and approvals. Construction activities in the clear zone would also be subject to all applicable safety and land use · compatibility policies. Southeast Option IA (Final Environmental Impact Statement§ 2.3.1.1.1 and Figure 2.3-la): Approximately 7 acres of land would need to be purchased and approximately 15 additional acres of easement would need to be created on the adjacent property to prevent future development within the Inhabited Building Distance of both the Hazardous Cargo Pad and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range. Fee simple acquisition and easement would be contingent upon an approved Military Land Acquisition Waiver approved by the Deputy Secretary of Defense. In the same November 8, 2017 comment letter, Soil Safe, Incorporated, explained the following adverse effects to their business operations associated with Southeast Option 1A: 1) revision of grading plans, tree conservation plans and stormwater management plans; 2) abandonment of Stormwater Management Pond 1; 3) redesign of fill and grade leading to Pond 1; 4) intersection of Inhabited Building Distance with county right-of-way access to Foxley Road; 5) restricted future use of 15 acres in easement area; and 6) redesign of grades throughout easement area based on Hazardous Cargo Pad requirements once established. As with Southeast Option 1, both an airfield criteria waiver and a variance to Air Force land use compatibility policy would be required for this option due to its placement in the East Runway clear zone. Consequently, closure of the East Runway while the Hazardous Cargo Pad is in use would be necessary, which would in tum impose restrictions on East Runway arrivals and departures. Use of the Hazardous Cargo Pad and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range could occur concurrently and would require coordination with 89th Operations Support Squadron and other operators, as well as with 11th Civil Engineer Squadron for explosives safety reviews and approvals. Construction activities in the clear zone would also be subject to all applicable safety and land use compatibility policies. Southeast Option lA-3 (Final Environmental Impact Statement§ 2.3.1.1.2 and Figure 2.3-lb): Southeast Option lA-3 avoids fee simple acquisition of off-base property but still requires restrictive easement on approximately 19 acres in order to maintain explosives safety setbacks within the Inhabited Building Distance of the Hazardous Cargo Pad. In the same November 8, 2017 comment letter, Soil Safe, Incorporated, explained the following adverse effects to their business operations associated with Southeast Option lA-3: 1) mitigatable intersection of explosives safety setbacks with county right-of-way access to Foxley Road; and 2) restricted future use of 19 acres in easement area. All waivers, approvals and variances pursuant to airfield design regulations, explosives safety requirements and land use compatibility guidelines stated for Southeast Options 1 and IA, also Page 5 of 16 SECOND RECORD OF DECISION FOR THE PRESIDENTIAL AIRCRAFT RECAPITALIZATION PROGRAM AT JOINT BASE ANDREWS-NAVAL AIR FACILITY, MARYLAND apply to Southeast Option lA-3. Use of the Hazardous Cargo Pad and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range could not occur concurrently and would require coordination with 89th Operations Support Squadron and other operators, as well as with 11th Civil Engineer Squadron for explosives safety reviews and approvals. Construction activities in the clear zone would also be subject to all applicable safety and land use compatibility policies. Based on the foregoing considerations related to off-base land acquisition, operational restrictions, mission impacts, and safety and land use compatibility issues, the Air Force has decided to select Southeast Option lA-3 on the following grounds: • Southeast Option lA-3 meets the purpose and need for the Program and the selection standards established in the Final Environmental Impact Statement (§2.3.1), by maintaining operational capability and preserving existing response times for the Presidential Airlift Group and other missions at Joint Base Andrews. This Option also affords suitable relocation of any impacted missions or assets in accordance with the Program schedule. • Southeast Option lA-3 creates no additional risks or mitigations to Joint Base Andrews compared to the other Southeast 1 options with the exception of simultaneous use of the Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range. · East Runway operational restrictions would be incurred while the Hazardous Cargo Pad is in use, however these operational limitations are no greater and no worse than those incurred for Southeast Option 1 and IA.. • Southeast Option lA-3 eliminates off-installation land acquisition that would be required for the other Options, thereby reducing cost, and requires only a restrictive easement to maintain explosives safety setbacks within the Inhabited Building Distance of the Hazardous Cargo Pad. • Southeast Option lA-3 minimizes impacts to, or involvement with: environmental restoration program sites, noise exposure, floodplain extent, wetland extent, forest cover, surface hydrology, and water quality, compared to the other available Options. • Southeast Option IA-3 avoids the following adverse effects to adjacent landowner Soil Safe, Incorporated: 1) revision of grading plans, tree conservation plans and stormwater management plans; 2) abandonment of Stormwater Management Pond 1; 3) redesign of fill and grade leading to Pond 1; 4) intersection of Inhabited Building Distance with site office and scale; and 5) redesign of grades throughout easement area based on Hazardous Cargo Pad requirements once established. Southeast Option lA-3 also minimizes the restricted future use of the property for Soil Safe, Incorporated' s intended business purp_oses, by minimizing the use restriction to approximately 19 acres in easement area (compared to 27 acres with Southeast Option 1). Military Working Dog Kennel Relocation In the 2017 Record of Decision, the Air Force identified its decision to relocate the Military Working Dog Kennel to the Vermont Road location as contingent upon the final decision for the Hazardous Cargo Pad, and/or in the event that animals housed in the Kennel are exposed to unacceptable levels of noise or other pollution due to Presidential Aircraft Recapitalization operations.

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Since publication of the 2017 Record of Decision, funding for the relocation of the Military Working Dog Kennel facility has been secured by Joint Base Andrews. This funding will allow the relocation of the facility irrespective of the previously described contingencies and better meet the mission and operational requirements of the Kennel, compared to the existing facility, in terms of facility size, layout and amenities. Consequently, the Air Force is electing to use this location as the site for the new Kennel facility. Amendment to 2017 Record of Decision The Air Force is amending the mitigations described for the Hangar Complex in the Final Environmental Impact Statement and adopted in the 2017 Record of Decision. The Air Force is also amending the December 2017 Record of Decision to reflect the Air Force's decision to retain only two 18-hole golf courses and one nine-hole golf course at Joint Base Andrews. For the amended mitigation commitments, it is important to note that the impact analysis included in the Final Environmental Impact Statement remains sufficient in terms of complying with the National Environmental Policy Act because the Hangar Complex final design was accomplished in generally the same footprint. All impact conclusions, significance determinations, and mitigation requirements specified in the Final Environmental Impact Statement remain valid; the reason for the amendment is to refine the quantitative impact and mitigation values (e.g., acreages of natural resources) to account for activities that occurred post­ Environmental Impact Statement and 2017 Record of Decision. Therefore, for each mitigation measure requiring amendment, the following narrative describes the 2017 mitigation commitment, the basis for amendment, and the Air Force's amended mitigation commitment. 2017 Mitigation Commitment: "Provide 24.88 acres of reforestation by planting trees at the Brandywine Globecom Annex and/or Joint Base Andrews Arbor Plan reforestation areas" • Basis of Amendment: the Final Environmental Impact Statement arrived at the conclusion that 24.88 acres of reforestation would be required in accordance with the Joint Base Andrews Arbor Plan, which requires replacement of 60 percent of impacted canopy cover in areas exceeding one acre of tree removal. As indicated in§ 4.3.7.1 of the Final Environmental Impact Statement, estimated acres of tree removal for the Hangar Complex totaled 21.5 acres and estimated acres for the related golf course modifications totaled 19 .97 acres, for a grand total of 41.4 7 acres. The requirements of the Arbor Plan specify that 60 percent of this area, or 12.9 acres for the Hangar Complex and 11.98 acres for the golf course modifications, for a total of 24.88 acres, would be subject to reforestation requirements. Although final design of the Hangar Complex occurred within the same general footprint identified in the Final Environmental Impact Statement, the facility layout within that footprint was modified to meet the operational and security needs of the facility, which resulted in an approximate 29 acres of tree removal in total. This equates to approximately 17.4 acres of reforestation for the designed Hangar Complex compared to the 12.9 acres estimated in the Final Environmental Impact Statement. The final design

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identified Arbor Plan reforestation areas as suitable for this reforestation action, rather than the Brandywine option identified in the Final Environmental Impact Statement. • Amended Mitigation Commitment: based on the foregoing, the Air Force amends the applicable mitigation to state: "Provide approximately 17 acres of reforestation for the Hangar Complex in accordance with the Joint Base Andrews Arbor Plan by planting trees at the Joint Base Andrews reforestation areas. Provide approximately 12 acres of reforestation for the golf course modifications associated with the Hangar Complex, allowing for adjustments based on final design o( the golf course modifications, either at Arbor Plan reforestation areas or other areas to be determined as suitable during final design." 2017 Mitigation Commitment: "Provide mitigation consisting of 1.32 acres of palustrine forested wetland, 0.12 acre of palustrine scrub-shrub wetland and 0.72 acre of palustrine emergent wetland area, by applying mitigation credits acquired from wetland restoration activities at the Mattawoman Creek Mitigation Bank or another approved site" • Basis of Amendment: as summarized in§§ 4.3.3.2 and 4.3.7.1 of the Final Environmental Impact Statement, a field review and delineation of wetlands was accomplished in the summer of 2016. Based on hydrologic indicators, soil analysis, and vegetative indicators present at the time of field review, the Final Environmental Impact Statement determined that, for the Hangar Complex, 0.59 acre of palustrine forested wetland, 0.05 acre of palustrine scrub-shrub wetland and 0.63 acre of palustrine emergent wetland, for a total of 1.26 acres, would be impacted by Hangar Complex cpnstruction. For golf course modifications associated with the Hangar Complex, it was determined that 0.07 acre of palustrine forested, 0.01 acre of palustrine scrub-shrub and 0.09 acre of palustrine emergent wetland would be additionally impacted. Wetland mitigation requirements for these acreages were estimated in the Final Environmental Impact Statement by applying standard acreage replacement ratios established by the Maryland Department of Environment in accordance with the 2011 Maryland Nontidal Wetland Mitigation Guidance, concluding that compensatory mitigation consisting of 1.32 acres of palustrine forested wetland, 0.12 acre of palustrine scrub-shrub wetland and 0. 72 acre of palustrine emergent wetland area would be required. Although final design of the Hangar Complex occurred within the same general footprint as identified in the Final Environmental Impact Statement, the facility layout within that footprint was modified to meet the operational and security needs of the facility. In addition, wetland indicators such as hydrology and vegetation can often vary depending on when ( e.g., time of year) delineation is performed. Ultimately, as stated in the Final Environmental Impact Statement, Joint Base Andrews would need to, in consultation with the United States Army Corps of Engineers and Maryland Department of Environment, determine unavoidable wetland losses and the preferred method of compensatory mitigation as part of the Section 404 Clean Water Act permit process. As stated above, the United States Army Corps of Engineers and Maryland Department of Environment performed a site survey during the Hangar Complex final design process Page 8 of 16 SECOND RECORD OF DECISION FOR THE PRESIDENTIAL AIRCRAFT RECAPITALIZATION PROGRAM AT JOINT BASE ANDREWS-NAVAL AIR FACILITY, MARYLAND

and, based on their appraisal of indicators displayed at the time, arrived at the conclusion that approximately 3.4 acres of wetland would be impacted. • Amended Mitigation Commitment: based on the foregoing, the Air Force amends the applicable mitigation to state:-"For the Hangar Complex, provide mitigation, to be ultimately determined by the United States Army Corps of Engineers and Maryland Department of Environment during the Section 404 Clean Water Act permitting process, for the approximate three acres of wetland impacts identified by these agencies during final Hangar Complex design. Mitigation will be accomplished by applying mitigation credits acquired from wetland restoration activities at the Stream and Wetlands Mitigation Bank at the Mattawoman Creek Mitigation Site. For the golf course modifications associated with the Hangar Complex, provide mitigation, to be ultimately determined by the United States Army Corps of Engineers and Maryland Department of Environment during the Section 404 Clean Water Act permitting process, for the acreage of wetland impact estimated in the Final Environmental Impact Statement at less than one acre, but subject to verification by regulators during the golf course final design and permitting process. Mitigation will be accomplished by applying mitigation credits acquired from wetland restoration activities at the Stream and Wetlands Mitigation Bank at the Mattawoman Creek Mitigation Site." 2017 Mitigation Commitment: "Provide mitigation for the loss of 3,363 lineal feet of streams considered Waters of the Unite~ States, by applying mitigation credits acquired from stream restoration activities at the Mattawoman Creek Mitigation Bank or another approved site" • Basis of Amendment: as summarized in§§ 4.3.3.2 and 4.3.7.1 of the Final Environmental Impact Statement, a field review and delineation of stream areas that could potentially be determined to be Waters of the United States by applicable regulatory agencies was accomplished in the summer of 2016. Based on review of stream areas at the time, the Final Environmental Impact Statement determined that, for the Hangar Complex, 2,259 lineal feet of stream potentially considered Waters of the United States would be impacted by Hangar Complex construction. For golf course modifications associated with the Hangar Complex, it was determined an additional 1,104 lineal feet that could be considered Waters of the United States would be additionally impacted. Mitigation requirements for these areas were estimated in the Final Environmental Impact Statement by applying standard replacement ratios, concluding that compensatory mitigation consisting of 3,363 lineal feet of stream would be required. The Final Environmental Impact Statement qualifies that identified stream areas have been previously impacted or altered in the past, have either been created, have been modified, or have been impacted by past construction projects, and do not constitute a high­ functioning system within the watershed. Although final design of the Hangar Complex occurred within the same general footprint as identified in the Final Environmental Impact Statement, the facility layout within that footprint was modified to meet the operational and security needs of the facility. Ultimately, as stated in the Final Environmental Impact Statement, Joint Base Andrews Page 9 of 16 SECOND RECORD OF DECISION FOR THE PRESIDENTIAL AIRCRAFT RECAPITALIZATION PROGRAM AT JOINT BASE ANDREWS-NAVAL AIR FACILITY, MARYLAND

would need to, in consultation with the United States Army Corps of Engineers and Maryland Department of Environment, determine unavoidable stream losses and the preferred method of compensatory mitigation as part of the Section 404 Clean Water Act permit process. As stated previously in this Second Record of Decision, the United States Army Corps of Engineers and Maryland Department of Environment performed a site survey during the Hangar Complex final design process and, based on their appraisal of indicators displayed at the time, arrived at the conclusion that 742 lineal feet of acres of stream would be considered Waters of the United States and would be impacted. • Amended Mitigation Commitment: based on the foregoing, the Air Force amends the applicable mitigation to state: "For the Hangar Complex, provide mitigation, to be ultimately determined by the United States Army Corps of Engineers and Maryland Department of Environment during the Section 404 Clean Water Act permitting process, for the approximate 742 lineal feet of stream identified as Waters of the United States by . these agencies during final Hangar Complex design. Mitigation will be accomplished by applying mitigation credits acquired from restoration activities at the Stream and Wetlands Mitigation Bank at the Mattawoman Creek Mitigation Site. For the golf course modifications associated with the Hangar Complex, provide mitigation, to be ultimately determined by the United States Army Corps of Engineers and Maryland Department of Environment during the Section 404 Clean Water Act permitting process, for the area of stream impact estimated in the Final Environmental Impact Statement at 1,104 lineal feet, but subject to verification by regulators during the golf course final design and permitting process. Mitigation will be accomplished by applying mitigation credits acquired from restoration activities at the Stream and Wetlands Mitigation Bank at the Mattawoman Creek Mitigation Site." 2017 Mitigation Commitment: "Provide Environmental Site Design storage volume to maximum extent practicable of 6.12 acre-feet of stormwater" • Basis of Amendment: although final design of the Hangar Complex occurred within the same general footprint as identified in the Final Environmental Impact Statement, the facility layout within that footprint was modified to meet the operational and security needs of the facility, which caused minor modifications to impervious areas affecting stonnwater treatment requirements. The Environmental Site Design requirement specified in final Hangar Complex design approximates six acre-feet, which is in accordance with, but not as precise, as the 6.12 acre-feet stated in the Final Environmental Impact Statement. • Amended Mitigation Commitment: based on the foregoing, the Air Force amends the applicable mitigation to state: "Provide Environmental Site Design storage volume to maximum extent practicable of approximately six acre-feet of stormwater." 2017 Mitigation Commitment: "Provide compensatory storage to avoid altering the function and capacity of 100-year and 500-year floodplain areas, by excavating material within or adjacent to the same floodplain to be used as fill (avoiding endangered vegetation and potential cultural sites) where necessary during cut and fill activities" Page 10 of 16 SECOND RECORD OF DECISION FOR THE PRESIDENTIAL AIRCRAFT RECAPITALIZATION PROGRAM AT JOINT BASE ANDREWS-NAVAL AIR FACILITY, MARYLAND

• Basis of Amendment: the Federal Emergency Management Agency's implementation of the Federal Flood Risk Management Standard, established by the authority of Executive Order 13690, Establishing a Federal Flood Risk Management Standard and a Process for Further Soliciting and Considering Stakeholder Input, and in amendment to Executive Order 11988, Floodplain Management, compelled federal agencies such as the Air Force to further consider impacts to the 500-year floodplain when making agency decisions. Executive Order 13690 was revoked in its entirety in August 2017 by Executive Order 13807, Presidential Executive Order on Establishing Discipline and Accountability in the Environmental Review and Permitting Process for Infrastructure. As a result, consideration of the 500-year floodplain, as performed in the Final Environmental hnpact Statement while Executive Order 13690 was still in effect, is no longer required. • Amended Mitigation Commitment: based on the foregoing, the Air Force amends the applicable mitigation to state: "Provide compensatory storage to avoid altering the function and capacity of 100-year floodplain areas, by excavating material within or adjacent to the same floodplain to be used as fill (avoiding endangered vegetation and potential cultural sites) where necessary during cut and fill activities." Of note, this amendment also applies to the Joint Air Defense Operations Center Satellite Site as referenced in the 201 7 Record of Decision. Public Involvement The 2017 Record of Decision described public involvement associated with the Program and the Environmental hnpact Statement. In addition, the 2017 Record of Decision identified the preferred alternative for the Hazardous Cargo Pad and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range. Notice of that decision was provided to Soil Safe, Incorporated, and appeared in the Federal Register, as reflected above. Comments Received Post-Final Environmental Impact Statement The 2017 Record of Decision described comments received during the 30-day waiting period between publication of the Final Environmental Impact Statement and issuance of the Record of Decision. Agency Coordination and Consultation As described in the 2017 Record of Decision, the Air Force consulted early with federal and state agencies, agencies with jurisdiction over biological and cultural resources, and Federally Recognized Tribes (Tribes) on the alternatives considered in the Environmental hnpact Statement. Consultations included informal consultation with the United States Fish and Wildlife Service under Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act, addressing the sandplain gerardia, which exists in marginal habitat on Joint Base Andrews in a fenced area near Hazardous Cargo Pad Southeast Option 1. Field reconnaissance conducted in the summer of 2016 revealed that the habitat area has little to no open ground and is currently dominated by non-native invasive species. Disturbance activities associated with the Program would not likely adversely affect the sandplain gerardia or its habitat.

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The United States Fish and Wildlife Service concurred with the Air Force's finding that the Program is not likely to adversely affect the sandplain gerardia or its habitat on Joint Base Andrews in April of2017 (Final Environmental Impact Statement §4.3.1.1). The Air Force initiated consultation with the Maryland Historical Trust, which acts as the Maryland State Historic Preservation Office per Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act. The Air Force evaluated potential historic architectural significance of facilities within the Program's Areas of Potential Effect, by applying National Register of Historic Places criteria. The Air Force concluded that no resources are eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places, including the Joint Base Andrews "Belle Chance" area, per 36 Code of Federal Regulations§ 800.4(c), (Final Environmental Impact Statement, §4.4.1.1). The Air Force determined that the Suitland Parkway is not within the current undertaking's Area of Potential Effect. Secondary impacts resulting from the Program are not expected to impact its status as a historic resource and construction truck traffic would avoid the use of Suitland Parkway (Final Environmental Impact Statement, § 4.6). The Air Force's construction contractors will secure necessary permits through the National Park Service if the Suitland Parkway is used. The frequency of use in these circumstances would not adversely affect the Parkway's status as a historic resource. The Air Force did not identify areas on base eligible for listing to the National Register of Historic Places on the basis of archaeological significance. Field reconnaissance was conducted in the summer of 2016 and revealed that pre-existing soil disturbance and development were part of the affected environments related to the Hazardous Cargo Pad and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range alternatives and no archaeological materials were recovered from these areas during the reconnaissance. The Maryland Historical Trust concurred in December of 2016 with the Air Force's finding that the Program is not likely to adversely affect historic architectural or archaeological resources within or surrounding Joint Base Andrews (Final Environmental Impact Statement, §4.4.6). The Air Force determined that no adverse Section 106 impacts to tribal resources are anticipated, through Section 106 government-to-government consultations with potentially affected Tribes. The Oneida Indian Nation, Delaware Nation, and the Delaware Tribe responded to the Air Force request for consultation, and concurred with Air Force's effects determination. None of the tribes consulted identified any properties of religious and cultural significance associated with the undertaking. Therefore, Section 106 agency and tribal consultation with respect to archaeological resources for this Environmental Impact Statement is complete (Final Environmental Impact Statement, §4.4.6). A General Conformity Determination is not required for the Proposed Action and alternatives (Final Environmental Impact Statement, §4.2.7.3), because air emissions estimates presented in the Environmental Impact Statement indicate that both operational and construction phase air emissions are within applicable de minimis thresholds specified by the General Conformity Regulations of the Clean Air Act and its amendments. Therefore, no agency coordination or consultation was conducted for air quality.

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Mitigation Measures The Air Force has considered all practicable means to avoid or minimize environmental harm that could result from the Program. Compliance with laws and regulations administered by federal and state regulatory agencies are mandated, and are not considered discretionary with respect to Air Force decision making. Because some of these laws and regulations have mitigating effects, they will be tracked along with other mitigations identified in this Record of Decision. The Air Force will modify the current Mitigation Monitoring Plan to address the above amended mitigation commitments. The_Mitigation Monitoring Plan identifies requisite mitigations and principal and subordinate organizations having responsibility for oversight and execution of specific mitigation actions stated for the Program. Impact-inducing actions will not be taken or implemented prior to application of mitigation measures described within this Second Record of Decision and the follow-on Mitigation Monitoring plan. General Mitigations for the Program Overall Some mitigation commitments identified in the Final Environmental Impact Statement for impacts related to the Program are generally applicable to all components of the Program. These generally applicable mitigations are described in Section 2.5.1 of the Environmental Impact Statement and in the Mitigation Measures component of the 2017 Record of Decision. Mitigations Specific to the Hazardous Cargo Pad and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range In addition to general mitigations applicable to the Program, mitigations specific to the Hazardous Cargo Pad and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range have been identified (Final Environmental Impact Statement §2.5.1). The Air Force will: • Provide approximately 10 acres ofreforestation in accordance with the Joint Base Andrews Arbor Plan by planting trees either at Arbor Plan reforestation areas or other areas to be determi_ned as suitable during final design • Provide mitigation, to be ultimately decided by the United States Army Corps of Engineers and Maryland Department of Environment during the Section 404 Clean Water Act permitting process, for the approximate 0.9 acre of wetland impacts identified in the Final Environmental Impact Statement and verified by these agencies during final design Mitigation will be accomplished by applying mitigation credits acquired using the Stream and Wetlands Mitigation Bank as accomplished by wetland restoration activities at the Mattawoman Creek Mitigation Site • Provide mitigation, to be ultimately determined by the United States Army Corps of Engineers and Maryland Department of Environment during the Section 404 Clean Water Act permitting process, for the approximate 577 lineal feet of stream identified as Waters of the United States in the Final Environmental Impact Statement and verified by these agencies during final design. Mitigation will be accomplished by applying mitigation credits acquired Stream and Wetlands Mitigation Bank as accomplished by wetland restoration activities at the Mattawoman Creek Mitigation Site

Page 13 of 16 SECOND RECORD OF DECISION FOR THE PRESIDENTIAL AIRCRAFT RECAPITALIZATION PROGRAM AT JOINT BASE ANDREWS-NAVAL AIR FACILITY, MARYLAND

• Implement a notification program to advise the surrounding community of impending impulse noise events associated with the use of the Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range • Schedule Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range usage to occur during favorable weather conditions with respect to impulse noise • Comply _with all conditions in an approved permanent airfield criteria waiver to be included with the Explosives Site Plan submission for siting in East Runway clear zone • Comply with all conditions in an approved policy variance to Air Force Instruction 32-7063, Air Installations Compatible Use Zones Program, for siting Southeast Option lA-3 in East Runway clear zone • Restrict operations on East Runway during usage of Hazardous Cargo Pad and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range, and prohibit simultaneous use of these facilities • Provide Environmental Site Design storage volume to maximum extent practicable of approximately one acre-foot of stormwater, including treatment of the 95th percentile storm • Grade proposed impervious cover to direct runoff toward Hazardous Cargo Pad stormwater management features Mitigations Specific to the Military Working Dog Kennel In addition to general mitigations applicable to the Program, mitigations specific to the Military Working Dog Kennel's relocation to Vermont Road have been identified (Final Environmental Impact Statement §2.5.1). The Air Force will: • Provide Environmental Site Design storage volume to maximum extent practicable of less than one acre-foot of stormwater, including treatment of the 95th percentile storm Mitigation Commitments Amended from the 2017 Record ofDecision Amended mitigations for the Hangar Complex based on information described in the "Amendment to 2017 Record of Decision" section of this Second Record of Decision are summarized below. The Air Force will: • Provide approximately 17 acres of reforestation for the Hangar Complex in accordance with the Joint Base Andrews Arbor Plan by planting trees at the Joint Base Andrews reforestation areas. Provide approximately 12 acres of reforestation for the golf course modifications associated with the Hangar Complex, allowing for adjustments based on final design of the golf course modifications, either at Arbor Plan reforestation areas or other areas to be determined as suitable during final design • For the Hangar Complex, provide mitigation, to be ultimately determined by the United States Army Corps of Engineers and Maryland Department of Environment during the Section 404 Clean Water Act permitting process, for the approximate three acres of wetland impacts identified by these agencies during final Hangar Complex design. Mitigation will be accomplished by applying mitigation credits acquired from wetland restoration activities at the Stream and Wetlands Mitigation Bank at the Mattawoman Creek Mitigation Site. For the golf course modifications associated with the Hangar Complex, provide mitigation, to be ultimately determined by the United States Army Corps of Engineers and Maryland Department of Environment during the Section 404 Clean Page 14 of 16 SECOND RECORD OF DECISION FOR THE PRESIDENTIAL AIRCRAFT RECAPITALIZATION PROGRAM AT JOINT BASE ANDREWS-NAVAL AIR FACILITY, MARYLAND

Water Act permitting process, for the acreage of wetland impact estimated in the Final Environmental Impact Statement at less than one acre, but subject to verification by regulators during the golf course final design and permitting process. Mitigation will be accomplished by applying mitigation credits acquired from wetland restoration activities at the Stream and Wetlands Mitigation Bank at the Mattawoman Creek Mitigation Site • For the Hangar Complex, provide mitigation, to be ultimately determined by the United States Army Corps of Engineers and Maryland Department of Environment during the Section 404 Clean Water Act permitting process, for the approximate 742 lineal feet of stream identified as Waters of the United States by these agencies during final Hangar Complex design. Mitigation will be accomplished by applying mitigation credits acquired from restoration activities at the Stream and Wetlands Mitigation Bank at the Mattawoman Creek Mitigation Site. For the golf course modifications associated with the Hangar Complex, provide mitigation, to be ultimately determined by the United States Army Corps of Engineers and Maryland Department of Environment during the Section 404 Clean Water Act permitting process, for the area of stream impact estimated in the Final Environmental Impact Statement at 1,104 lineal feet, but subject to verification by regulators during the golf course final design and permitting process. Mitigation will be accomplished by applying mitigation credits acquired from restoration activities at the Stream and Wetlands Mitigation Bank at the Mattawoman Creek Mitigation Site • Provide Environmental Site Design storage volume to maximum extent practicable of approximately six acre-feet of stormwater • Provide compensatory storage to avoid altering the function and capacity of 100-year floodplain areas, by excavating material within or adjacent to the same floodplain to be used as fill (avoiding endangered vegetation and potential cultural sites) where necessary during cut and fill activities Finding of No Practicable Alternative Considerations for the permanent siting of a Hazardous Cargo Pad and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range included the ability of a proposed site to maintain existing operational capability and preserve response times, as well as to provide options to relocate any existing missions or assets on Joint Base Andrews (Final Environmental Impact Statement, §2.3.1). Out of all Hazardous Cargo Pad and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range action alternatives presented in the Final Environmental Impact Statement, only the Taxiway C Interim Option and the Southeast Option 2 with Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range Option 2 are situated completely outside of 100-year floodplain areas. Although Southeast Option 2 meets Air Force selection standards, it is not considered a practicable alternative due to the extent of impacts incurred on off-base properties. Further, according to an Operational Risk Management assessment for the Taxiway C Interim Option, impacts to mission operational safety efficiency may occur. During use of the Hazardous Cargo Pad, the East Runway would be restricted to Aerospace Control Alert and 459th Air Readiness Wing Alert launches. During interim operations, personnel will not be permitted to access or occupy airport surveillance radar and navigational aids within the 1,250-foot Inhabited Building

Page 15 of 16 SECOND RECORD OF DECISION FOR THE PRESIDENTIAL AIRCRAFT RECAPITALIZATION PROGRAM AT JOINT BASE ANDREWS-NAVAL AIR FACILITY, MARYLAND

Distance. Aircraft using the facility would be limited to explosives that can be accommodated at the Munitions Storage Area to ensure that aircraft that develop mechanical problems can be off­ loaded and cleared from the airfield. On these grounds, the Taxiway C Interim Option is not considered practicable for a permanent siting option for the Hazardous Cargo Pad. With respect to wetlands, all action alternatives aside from the Taxiway C Interim Option would impact a combination of palustrine forested, palustrine scrub-shrub and palustrine emergent wetland areas. As indicated above, permanent use of the Taxiway C Interim Option is not considered practicable on the grounds of operational and safety considerations. Therefore, pursuant to Executive Orders 11988 (Floodplain Management) and 11990 (Protection of Wetlands), the Air Force finds that there is no practicable alternative to siting and constructing the Hazardous Cargo Pad and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range within the 100- year floodplain and delineated wetland areas (Final Environmental Impact Statement, §§ 4.3.7 and 4.11.3 .1 ). Implementing the floodplain and wetland mitigations defined in this Second Record of Decision will serve to minimize environmental harm to wetland and floodplain areas. Decision The Air Force will construct and operate a permanent Hazardous Cargo Pad and Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range at the Southeast Option lA-3 location (Final Environmental Impact Statement §2.3.1.1.2). In addition, the Air Force will relocate the Military Working Dog Kennel to the Vermont Road location on Joint Base Andrews (Final Environmental Impact Statement §2.3.2.2). In implementing the Program, the Air Force will not expend PAR Program funds to restore the golf courses at Joint Base Andrews to maintain the existing three 18-hole golf courses, but will retain two 18-hole courses and one nine-hole course. Mitigation requirements for the Hazardous Cargo Pad, Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range, and Military Working Dog Kennel adopted for the alternatives selected within this Second Record of Decision, as well as amended mitigations for the Hangar Complex, will be fully implemented.

CAR6(ANNY. BEDA (Date) Acting Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Air Force (Installations)

Page 16 of 16 MA RYI..\ND DEPARTl\lENT Of ~I Larry Hogan, Governor Wendi W. Peters, Secretary PLANNING Boyd Rutherford, Lt. Governor Ewing McDowell, Deputy Secretary MARYLAND HISTORICAL TRUST

December2-;-2016

Steve Richards, DAFC Chief of Environmental Management Department of the Air Force Headquarters 11 th Wing (AFDW) Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland 20762

Re: Presidential Aircraft Recapitalization (PAR) Program at Joint Base Andrews - Naval Air Facility Prince George's County, Maryland Section I 06 Review - USAF

Dear Mr. Richards:

Thank you for your recent submittal regarding the above-referenced undertaking. The Maryland Historical Trust, Maryland's State Historic Preservation Office, reviewed the proposed project for its effects on historic and archeological properties, pursuant to Section I 06 of the National Historic Preservation Act. We offer the following comments and concurrence with the Air Force's conclusions for the project.

The undertaking involves the construction of a new hangar and support facilities for the Presidential Aircraft Recapitalization Program. It will also entail various infrastructure improvements and the relocation of several existing facilities including the Military Working Dog Kennel, the Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range, the Joint Air Defense Operations Center Satellite Site, and the Hazardous Cargo Pad. The facility relocations will occur within the boundaries of the current base and potentially on a parcel located immediately adjacent to but outside the southeast corner of the base.

Trust staff reviewed the following reports prepared by AECOM for the Air Force: Historic Architecture Assessment and Archaeological Resource Assessment for Presidential Aircraft Recapitalization Program at Joint Base Andrews­ Naval Air Facility Washington, Andrews Air Force Base, MD (18 August 2016). Based on the information presented in the reports, the Trust concurs with the Air Force's determination that there are no historic properties or archeological sites eligible for the National Register of Historic Places located within the area of potential effect for this undertaking. We agree that further archeological investigations are not warranted for the project, including the parcel proposed for acquisition for the Explosive Ordnance Disposal Proficiency Range and the Hazardous Cargo Pad.

The assessment reports reference an Integrated Cultural Resources Management Plan, Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland, prepared by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in 2009. The Trust's Library contains a 2003 ICRMP for Andrews Air Force Base but not the 2009 document. We ask the Air Force to provide us with a copy of its most recent ICRMP for the base to update our records.

Finally, we would like to take this opportunity to recommend that the Air Force and the Trust convene a general coordination meeting and site visit at the base, when mutually convenient during the coming year. It has been a considerable time since the Trust has met with the Air Force or viewed conditions of the resources at the base. A general coordination meeting would afford our agencies the chance to discuss historic preservation matters for the base including routine Section I 06 project coordination as well as the Air Force's ongoing responsibilities under

Maryland Historical Trust • 100 Community Place • Crownsville • Maryland • 21032

Tel: 410.514.7600 • TTY users: Maryland Relay • MHT.Maryland.gov ,

Steve Richards Presidential Aircraft Recapitalization (PAR) Program at Joint Base Andrews - Naval Air Facility December 2, 2016 Page 2of2

Section rI U:-We are also particularly interested in knowing the current condition and uses of the historic Bell Chance (PG: 77-14). We look forward to further coordination with the Air Force on its historic preservation compliance efforts.

If you h-ave questions or need fiirther assistance, please contact Natalie Loukianoff (for historic structures) at natalie.loukianoff@ma1y land.gov or 410-514-7636 or me (for archeology) at 410-514-7631. Thank you for providing us this opportunity to comment.

Sincerely, -bf/% &[9_ Beth Cole Administrator, Project Review and Compliance

BC/NSL/201604664

cc: John Guerra (USAF) Paul Sanford (AECOM) Marvin Brown (AECOM)