Table S1: Sikh American Organizations Established post-9/11/2001 Registered Year Est. Organization Base Purpose Millennials* Gender Location total/percentage

2001 Sikh Coalition USA Civil Rights/ Advocacy; 13/14= 93% M: 5/14= 36% Education; Media F: 9/14= 64%

2001 Sikhcess USA & Charity No info No info

2002 Kaur Foundation USA Women; Public Relations & No info No info Education

2003 Sikh Research USA Cultural Preservation & Sikh 6/8= 75% M: 20/24= 83% Institute Education F: 4/24= 17%

2004 Kaurs United (CA USA Women; Cultural Preservation & No info No info branch) Sikh Education

2004 ENSAAF USA Civil Rights/ Advocacy 7/7= 100% M: 2/7= 29% F: 5/7= 71%

2005 The Jakara USA Education; Youth and 4/4= 100% 2/4=50% Movement Community Services; Seva & 2/4=50% Charity

2006 Sikh Sports USA Youth and Community Services 0/10= 0% M: 10/10=100% Association of USA F: 0/10=0%

2006 The Surat Initiative USA Cultural Preservation & Sikh 12/12=100% M: 6/12=50% Education F: 6/12=50%

2006 Sikh Encyclopedia India Public Relations & Education No info No info

2007 for Justice USA Civil Rights/ Advocacy 0/2=0% M: 2/2=100% F: 0/2=0%

2008 Sikh Relief UK Seva & Charity No info No info (formerly Sikh Organization for Prisoners Welfare (SOPW))

2008 Saanjh Retreat USA Youth and Community Services No info No info

2009 Sikh Family Center USA Youth and Community Services; 3/6= 50% M: 1/6=17% Seva & Charity F: 5/6=83%

2009 USA Media No info No info

2010 SAFAR: The Sikh Canada Cultural Preservation & Sikh 5/6= 83% F: 100% Feminist Research Education; Women Institute

2010 Bhagat Puran USA Seva & Charity; Community 100% Health Initiative Services (BPSHI)

2010 Punjabi Cultural USA Cultural Preservation & Sikh No info No info Association of the Education Central Valley Inc.

2010 Sikh Empowerment USA Seva & Charity No info No info Voluntary Association (SEVA)

2010 Network USA Seva, Charity, Cultural 6/7= 86% M:3/7= 43% Preservation & Sikh Education F: 4/7=57%

2011 Sikh American USA Cultural Preservation & Sikh No info No info Chamber of Education Commerce

2011 Sikh Women Now USA Women; Seva & Charity No info No info

2013 Sikh Women Britain/ UK Women; Seva & Charity ⅙= 17% M: 0/6= 0% Alliance Inc. F: 6/6= 100%

2013 Portrait of Sikhs UK Cultural; Blog/ Website; Public 1/1=100% M: 1/1= 100% Relations & Education F: 0/1= 0%

2014 National Sikh USA Media; Public Relations & No info No info Campaign Education

Unknown Sikh Youth Alliance North Youth and Community Services No info No info of North America America (SYANA)

Unknown Sikhs for North Youth and Community Services No info No info Technology America, Europe

Unknown 5rivers Foundation USA Cultural Preservation No info No info

Unknown Sikh24.com India, Media; News No info No info Europe, Australia, Pacific, Asia, Americas

Table S2: Sikh American Organizations Established post-9/11/2001 Not Registered/ For-Profit Year Est. Organization Location Purpose Millennials- Gender total/percentage

2004 Rootsgear USA Cultural; Website 100% M: 2/2= 100% F: 0/2= 0%

2007 The Hall Website; Public Relations & No info No info Education

2010 1984 Living History USA Media, Cultural Preservation & No info No info Project (founded at Sikh Education Saanjh youth retreat)

2010 American Turban USA Blog; Cultural Preservation & 1/1=100% M: 1/1= 100% Sikh Education

2011 Sikh Love Stories USA Cultural Preservation & Sikh 3/6=50% M: 0/6= 0% Project Education; Women F: 6/6= 100%

2011 Kaurista Blog; Cultural; Women No info No info

2012 American Sikh USA Civil Rights/ Advocacy; Public No info No info Political Action Relations & Education Committee

2012 Kaur Life USA Women; Cultural; Online 2/2= 100% M: 0/2= 0% Magazine F: 2/2= 100%

2012 2 Brown Girls UK Website; Women; Cultural 2/2=100% M: 0/2=0% Preservation & Sikh Education F: 2/2=100%

2013 Singh Street Style UK Website; Online Store; Cultural 1/1=100% M: 1/1=100% Preservation; Public Relations & F: 0/1=0% Education

Unknown Sikh Chic Canada Website; Cultural Preservation & No info M: 1/1 = 100% Sikh Education; Youth F: 0/1 = 0%

Table S3: Sikh American Organizations Established pre-9/11/2001 Registered Year Est. Organization Location Purpose Millennials- Gender total/percentage

1967 Sikh Foundation USA Education; Community 4/16=25% M: 13/16= 81% International Empowerment; Cultural F: 3/16= 19% Preservation

Late 1970s Sikh Dharma USA Cultural Preservation & Sikh 0/10= 0% M: 2/9= 22% International Education https://www.sikhdharm F: 7/9= 78% a.org/staff/

1984 Association of Sikh USA Cultural Preservation & Sikh 0/4= 0% M: 4/4= 100% Professionals (ASP) Education F: 0/4= 0%

1984 World Sikh Council India Cultural Preservation & Sikh http://www.worldsikhc No info Education; Public Relations & ouncil.org/about/com Education mittee.html No info

1984 Sikhnet.com USA News; Cultural Preservation & No info No info Sikh Education

1985 Sikh Human Rights Britain Public Relations & Education; No info No info Group (SHRG) Civil Rights/ Advocacy

1992 North American Sikh USA Cultural Preservation & Sikh 0/13= 0% M: 10/13= 77% Medical and Dental Education F: 3/13= 23% Association (NASMDA)

1993 Punjabi American USA Cultural Preservation & Sikh 0/40= 0% M: 22/40= 55% Heritage Society Education F: 18/40= 45% (PAHS)

1995 Sikhlens USA Media; Cultural Preservation & No info M: 1/2 = 50% Education F: 1/2 = 50%

1996 American Sikh USA Cultural Preservation & Sikh 0/15=0% M: 12/15= 80% Council (formerly Education; Public Relations & F: 3/15= 20% World Sikh Council- Education America Region)

1996 Sikh American Legal USA Civil Rights/ Advocacy; Media 3/3=100% No Info Defense and Education Fund (SALDEF) (formerly Sikh Mediawatch and Resource Task Force (SMART))

1998 Sikh Council on USA Public Relations & Education; 0/ 14 M: 13/14= 93% Religion and Civil Rights/ Advocacy F: 1/14= 7% Education (SCORE)

1998 Sikh Awareness Britain/ UK Cultural Preservation & Sikh No info No info Society (SAS) Education; Public Relations & Education; Youth and Community Services

1999 Asia-Pacific, Civil Rights/ Advocacy; Seva & No info No info Africa, Charity Europe, North America

1999 Sikh Videos India Media No info No info

2010 Nishkam Sikh USA Seva & Charity No info No info Welfare Organization USA Inc. 2010 Nishkam Sikh India Seva & Charity No info No info Welfare Council

Unknown AllAboutSikhs.com Unknown Cultural Preservation & Sikh No info No info Education

Table S4: Sikh American Organizations Established pre-9/11/2001 Inactive/ Banned Year Est. Organization Location Purpose Millennials Gender Total/percentage

1968 Sikh Youth USA Youth; Cultural Preservation & N/A N/A (banned)*** Federation USA Sikh Education

1997 F.A.T.E.H.- The USA Seva & Charity N/A N/A (inactive) Fellowship of Activists to Embrace Humanity

1984 World Sikh Canada Cultural Preservation & Sikh http://www.worldsikh. N/A (inactive) Organization Canada Education; Public Relations & org/our_team (WSO-Canada) Education (America Region still active: American Sikh Council)

*Millennials = Those born between 1980-2000 and are ages 16-36 years old. *”Public Relations & Education” indicates audience is non-Sikh **”Cultural Preservation & Sikh Education” indicates audience is Sikh community ***Banned under new US terrorism legislation. Added to the US Treasury Department terrorism list on June 27, 2002. In April 2004, ISYF added to US terror list, allowing the US to deny entry (and to deport) any of its members. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Sikh_Youth_Federation#Bannings