This document is communicated to Governments for confidential information in view of the fact that it has not re t been considered by the Advisory Committee on Traffic in Op’um and Other Dangerous Drugs. [Communicated to the Council and Official No. : Q. 167. M. 103. 1 9 3 6 . XI. the Members of the League.] [O.C.S.300.]

Geneva, April 1st,, 1936.

LEAGUE OF NATIONS

ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON TRAFFIC IN OPIUM AND OTHER DANGEROUS DRUGS

SUMMARY

OF ILLICIT TRANSACTIONS AND SEIZURES

REPORTED TO THE SECRETARIAT OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS

BETWEEN JANUARY 1s t AND MARCH 31s t , 1936 PART I.

CASES REPORTED IN -PREVIOUS SUMMARIES IN REGARD TO WHICH FURTHER INFORMATION HAS BEEN RECEIVED.

Seizure of 500 kg. of Opium at Tegucigalpa, Honduras, July 30th, 1928.

See O.C.294 (f), The Legation of the Republic of Honduras at Paris stated, on pages 156 and 157. September 28th, 1935, that the opium which had been despatched by 7'74/157 J- Taranto fils, Istanbul, and addressed to Dr. Manuel Zuniga, 20082/388. at Tegucigalpa, was officially destroyed at Tegucigalpa on August 3rd, 1935.

No. 1176.—Arrest of Mechel Halpern, at Warsaw, December 11th, 1933.

See O.C.294 (I), The Polish Government reports (March 4th, 1936) that the High page 22■ ; O .C 294 (u), Court of Appeal has confirmed the sentences of four years’ imprisonment nale 4- and inflicted on Mechel Halpern and one year’s imprisonment inflicted on O.C.294 (x), Szymon Rabi on March 28th, 1935. The heroin seized (3 kg. 53 grs.) page 4. will be converted into codeine by the Société Polonaise de Produits Chimiques Roche, at Warsaw, and distributed to the local hospitals. The report adds that the Polish Parliament, in voting recently a general amnesty on the occasion of the new constitution of Poland, has excluded from this amnesty all persons convicted of engaging in the illicit drug traffic.

No. 1267.—Illicit Traffic at Lwow, Poland, in October 1933.

See O.C.294 (u), The Polish Government reports (January 2nd, 1936) that the 19- result of the appeals made in this case was that Weingarten was acquitted 192/387 and the sentences pronounced on Wisniewski and Brandes (three and four months’ imprisonment respectively) were confirmed.

No. 1608.—Seizure of 5 kg. 708 grs. of Raw Opium and 28 grammes of Heroin at Honolulu, May 18th, 1935.

See O.C.294 (x), The following is a translation of a report on this case from the Pa5e 18, Government-General of Chosen, forwarded by the Government of the 1281/388 (lie). United Stales of America on January 13th, 1936 : Nos. 400 and 400 (a). On January 25th, 1935, a passp.ort was granted to the accused, a Korean, at Keisho Nando. In view of the fact that he intended to go to Honolulu and that the Korean pronunciation of his name agrees with the name given in Occidental writing, it was believed that the above-named Korean was the offender, and minute investigations were made in regard to his movements while in Chosen. In January and March 1935, he twice travelled in the direction of Tatsui-mura, “Manchukuo ”, on the pretext of looking for work. It is believed that he left Chosen for Hawaii, via Yokohama, on April 12th. It is known that on April 5th he forwarded two kerosene cases containing “ miso ” and pickled sardines to himself, c/o the Hiroshima Club, Yokohama. On the eve of his depar­ ture, he forwarded two kerosene cases containing pickled lobsters to Yokohama Railway Station through the Railway Express. He then left Chosen carrying one wicker trunk containing clothing. All the shipments mentioned above were packed by himself ; therefore no infor­ mation is available as to the actual contents. In regard to the method by which he obtained the opium and heroin, it is believed that he purchased the drugs during his trips from Chosen to “Manchukuo” , that he concealed them in the consignments which he shipped and smuggled them in this way. Nothing is known as to the place from which he obtained the drugs nor the method by which he obtained them. The United States Government states that the Japanese Government have been duly notified that the Korean in question has been deported from Hawaii on the Tatsuta Maru, due to arrive in Yokohama on November 28th, 1935.

No. 1645.—Seizure of “ Anti-Asthmatic Cigarettes ” at Chicago, March 16th, 1935.

Sec O.C.294 (x), The German Government states (March 19th, 1936) that the manu- page 28. facturers of the cigarettes, Messrs. Hugo Schrader, of Stuttgart- 1281/388(86) Feuerbach, informed the German authorities that no objections had hitherto been raised to the cigarettes in any official quarter, and assured them that, apart from the ripe poppy-heads contained in the cigarettes, no morphine was added. An analysis of the poppy-heads made at the Reich Health Office showed a morphine

S.d.N. 850 (F.) 705 (A.) 5/36. — Imp Réunies, Chambéry. — 4 — content of 0.3%. As the cigarettes, according to Messrs. Schrader’s information, contain 20% of these poppy-heads, a single cigarette, which contains 0 .6 gramme drug admixture, would have a morphine content of barely 0.0004 gramme. No addiction can be induced by smoking such cigarettes. It was impossible to determine the amount of morphine in the cigarettes, as those supplied by Messrs. Schrader were not sufficient for the purpose. No further cigarettes of this kind were available, the firm having, after the seizure in America, stopped manufac­ turing anti-asthma cigarettes of the kind in question. The facts ascertained by the Reich Health Office make it impossible to understand the result of the American authorities’ analysis, which makes it appear that the anti-asthma cigarettes have a morphine content of 0.137%! There is no justification for the assumption that the cigarettes were fortified with morphine solution.

No. 1686.—Seizure of 900 gram m es of Cocaine at Vejperty, Czechoslovakia, November- December 1934.

See O.C.294 (x), The Government of Czechoslovakia reports (January 30th, 1936) page 38, and that, as a result of a chemical analysis made, the substance seized in O.C.294 (z), page 4. this case was not cocaine but an artificial composition having a strong anaesthetic effect. 20008/387.

No. 1736.—Export of 3,300 kg. of Raw Opium from Turkey to Ethiopia during the First Six Months of 1934 and the First Three Months of 1935. See O.C.294 (y), The Permanent Turkish Delegate accredited to the League of Nations page 12. reported on November 18th and December 21st, 1935, that the export O.C.S.236 (b). certificate relating to the 1,300 kg. of raw opium despatched to Ethiopia during the first three months of 1935 was dated January 22nd, 1935, 17784/387. and numbered 2/50. It appears from the information supplied by the competent Turkish Department that this consignment, like the earlier ones, was shipped on the s. s. Limni, flying the Greek flag ; the vessel arrived from the Piræus on January 28th, 1935, at Istanbul, and is reported to have sailed again for Casablanca. Judicial proceedings have been instituted against Nessim Tchiprout, the dealer implicated in this affair, and he has been arrested and brought before the special legal tribunal. The sentence passed on him will be communicated to the Secretariat as soon as it is pronounced.

No. 1759.—Seizure of 5 kg. 454 grs. of Prepared Opium at Dunedin, New Zealand, May 25th, 1935.

See O.C.294 (y), In reply to a request made by the Secretariat, the Director of the page 19. Permanent Office of the Chinese Delegation to the League of Nations, 19649/387. Geneva, stated, in a letter dated March 23rd, 1936, that enquiries had been made by the Canton Provincial Authorities, concerning the “ Gin On Rock Minery Co. ”, of 192, Mon Fook Road, Canton, mentioned by the New Zealand authorities in connection with this case. The Canton authorities found that 192, Mon Fook Road was occupied on the ground floor by a ricksha company, the second floor by a judge of the military court and the third floor by a lawyer. The first floor was vacant, but there was no tenant registered as “ Gin On Rock Minery Co.”

No. 1780.—Seizure at Miami, Florida, July 9th, 1935, of Drugs sent by Air-Mail from Havana, Cuba.

See O.C.294 (y), The United States Government forwarded on January 13th, 1936, pages 24 and 25. a report from the Director of Public Health, Havana, Cuba, stating 1281/388(138), that Manuel Castro y Gomez, who forwarded the drugs by air-mail, Nos. 422 and 422 (a), has been arrested. Further, that he is a notorious souteneur and narcotics trafficker ; that he is known to operate a house of prostitution at Tracadero Street, No. 36, Havana ; and that he distributes narcotic drugs, through his mistress, to addicts frequenting a place situated at Neptuno and Amistad Streets, Havana,

No. 1781.—Seizure at New Orleans, June 23rd, 1935, of 2 kg. 616 grs. of Morphine bearing the Label of E. Merck, Darmstadt, and 966 grammes of Heroin, forwarded from Honduras. See O.C.294 (y), The United States Government forwarded on February 29th, 1936, page 25, and O.C.294 (z), a detailed report from the German Government in connection with page 4. this case, which contained the following information : According to the conclusion reached by the firm of Merck & Co., O.C.S.256 series. the labels came from a consignment exported to Honduras in 1932, 1281/388(134), to the firm of Dr. J. M. Guillen Velez, Honduras Pharmacy, Puerto No. 418 (d). Cortes. The consignment comprised 71 bottles each containing 28 grammes of morphine hydrochloride, and 3 5 bottles, each containing 28 grammes of morphine sulphate. This consignment was handled under export permit No. 1830, dated September. 12th, 1932, and covered 2 kg. 976 grs. of cocaine, 1 kg. 988 grs, plus 980 grammes of morphine, 5 kg. opium and 5 kg. of opium extract. The ^narcotics were exported in September 1932 and an authorisation for import by Honduras was submitted. The triplicate copy of the export permit was forwarded to the Government of Honduras, but is has not yet been returned to the German Government Board of Health. The German report also refers to the fact that the firm of Guillen Velez has repeatedly procured narcotics from Germany during former years and that Switzerland has also, through negotiations with the firm of Apex, in Hamburg, which was reported as consignor, exported narcotics to Hondu­ ras. (See documents O.C.294 (q), page 21, and O.C.294 (I), pages 4 and 5, No. 974.)

No. 1784.—Seizure oî 78S grammes oî Morphine at San Francisco dn May 17th, 1935, found in a Suit-case stored at a Bank and belonging to a Dr. H. C. Edwards, killed in a Motor Accident in August 1933.

See O.C.294 (y), The Uniled States Government forwarded on January 7th, 1936, the page 26 ; O.C.294 (z), following information in regard to this case, supplied by the German Pa"e Government : 1281/388(132), The photographs of the seized labels of the firm of E. Merck, Nos. 416, 416 (a), Darmstadt, do not enable the firm to make any sort of statement and 416 (b). which might tend towards the explanation of the transaction, especially regarding the enquiry as to the dealers from whom the late Dr. Edwards had received the morphine. The firm believes that it can be determined from the photograph that the long strip with the signature and the trade-mark is identical with a former strip stamp with which the firm had for years sealed its tin packages. The small labels are affixed to the tins and, as admitted by the firm of Merck, are probably its labels. Such labels were formerly, over a period of about ten years, used on special orders for goods. However, the fact remains that the label in question has been left entirely blank, while the aforementioned strip stamp with the signature of the firm has been furnished. Such a package was most certainly not produced in the factory of the firm of E. Merck, and, therefore, the firm suggests that the package in question must have been put up under fraud, with the aid of packing material of the firm which might have been taken from other packages. The German authorities further remark that, from the seizure report, it is not clear whether the contents of the sealed packages have been examined as to purity. Experience has shown that in most cases the contents of narcotics handled through illegitimate channels, which are not in regulation packages, are adulterated. On the basis of the photographs forwarded, a definite conclusion as to how this might be possible with respect to the seized package cannot be formed. The United States Government states that, inasmuch as Dr. Edwards was dead and could not be prosecuted, no effort was made to examine the seized packages of morphine as to purity. Outside of making the usual field tests, no chemical analysis was made and the drug was duly destroyed.

No. 1831.—Seizure of 1 kg. 400 grs. of Cocaine and 909 grammes of Morphine at San Francisco, June 5th, 1935.

See O.C.294 (y), The Government of the United States of America states (February 8 th, Pa£e 37- 1936) that, in reply to representations made to theJapanese Government 1281/388(122), *n connection with the above seizure by theUnited States authorities, Nos. 406, 406 (a), the following information has been received : and 406 (b). Owing to the increase in the smuggling of narcotics from Kobe on out-going vessels, the police authorities exercised more rigid control, with the result that five Japanese—Chuemon Haratsuka, Yenzo Arai, Kenjiro Inui, Heiki Hitomi, Nobakishi Hashimoto—and one Chinese—Sheng Lin—have been arrested. Haratsuka has been employed on ships of the Dollar Lines since 1917 and his last vessel was the s.s. President Hoover. Inui is a druggist and is at present engaged in the manufacture and sale of a drug called “ Hagamiso ”. Arai was a member of the crew of the s.s. President Hoover until May 1935, when he left and started a restaurant, which is still functioning. In May 1930, he was sentenced to three years’ hard labour at San Francisco for smuggling narcotics. Hitomi is a drug-broker at Osaka. Hashimoto is a provision-broker in Kobe and also acts as a commission agent in signing Japanese on Dollar Line vessels. Investigations showed that Hashimoto was asked by Sheng Lin, who was a member of the crew of the President Jackson, for a supply of narcotic drugs. Hashimoto got into touch with Inui and Hitomi and, through the latter, got 5 kg. 454 grs. of morphine hydrochloride and 4 kg. 545 grs. of cocaine hydro­ chloride and sold them to Sheng Lin, inYokohama, in September and October 1934. Haratsuka and Arai, who were members of the crew of the President Hoover at the time of the above seizure, obtained, in complicity with Benzo Takahashi, the man who was arrested at San Francisco in connection with the seizure, 6 kg. 818 grs. of cocaine hydrochloride and 6 kg. 363 grs. of morphine hydrochloride from Inui and Hitomi at Kobe and Yokohama and concealed them on board the vessel and sold them secretly to a Japanese at San Francisco named Kawaguchi. The case is still being investigated. — 6 —

No. 1917.—Illicit Purchase of Heroin at Prague, 1935.

See O.C.294 (z), The Polish delegation at Geneva reports (February 28th, 1936) page 28. that the Polish authorities have received the following information in 20503/387 regard to Charles (Carol) Trnka, the accused chemist implicated in this case : Trnka has been under the close observation of the Czechoslovak police, and although the possibility exists that he has engaged in the illicit traffic in heroin and cocaine between Czechoslovakia and other countries, notably Poland, the competent authori­ ties were not able to discover that he had travelled abroad or that a passport enabling him to travel had ever been delivered to him.

No. 1932.—Seizure of 500 grammes of Cocaine at Warsaw, December 1934.

See O.C.294 (z), The Polish Government states (March 27th, 1936) that investigations page 33. showed that the powder seized was not cocaine. Müller asked Kusnierz to get into touch with persons desirous of buying cocaine, with the intention of selling it to them. He then proceeded to buy 500 grammes of powder from a person at Warsaw whom it has not been possible to arrest. This powder proved not to be cocaine, although Müller bought it under the impression that it was. Using Kusnierz as an intermediary, he then offered the powder to a certain Sergjusz Boguszewski, who had presented himself as a buyer. The affair is still pending and both accused have been released on bail.

RESULTS OF JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS IN CONNECTION WITH CASES OF ILLICIT TRAFFIC PREVIOUSLY REPORTED.

Result Reference Name Imprisonment Fine

Canada. O.C.294^;, page 24, No. 1902 O.C.S.267 George Paradis...... #Both to fivp vpars 500 dollars each or a further Irene Paradis...... (BOtn 10 uv e years" nine months’ imprison­ ment. O.C.294 (z), page 11, No. 1851 Utam Singh Not guilty. Netherlands. O.C.2M(z), page 13, No. 1862 Hermann Spyridakis Eight months, counting the time spent in pre­ ventive custodv. Turkey. O.C.294^;, page 12, No. 1470 E. Copanos One year. £T1,160 (2,784 Swiss francs). Zia Hilmi Ten months. £T921 (2,210 Swiss francs). Haydar . Five months. £T460 (1,104 Swiss francs). U nited States of A m erica. O.C.294 (z), page 29, No. 1921 Samuel Alonza . . Silvestro Carrolla Each to five years. 500 dollars. Jose Galera...... O.C.294( y), page 25, No. 1781 Anthony Jurich .... Three and a half years. Damasso Carro...... Earl Strange...... Each to three years. Edward Shapiro .... Two and a half years. Vincent Candiloro. .. Each to twenty-five Joe Segreto...... months. Nicholas M. Allam .... Nick Sansone...... Each to two years. Baldo Pausina ...... One and a half years. Enrique Coindet Aguilar Six months. 5 dollars. Emanuel Trovato .... Four months. 5 dollars. Bernie A d am s...... Case dismissed. PART II.

A. — REPORTS ON THE DISCOVERY OF CLANDESTINE MANUFACTURE OF NARCOTIC DRUGS.

B. — NEW CASES OF SEIZURES DIVIDED INTO THE FOLLOWING GROUPS :

1. R a w O p iu m . 5. Co c a in e . 2. P r e p a r e d O p iu m a n d D r o s s . 6. I n d ia n H e m p . 3. M o r p h in e . 7. M iscellaneous . 4. H e r o in .

A. REPORTS ON THE DISCOVERY OF CLANDESTINE MANUFACTURE OF NARCOTIC DRUGS.

No. 1.—Discovery of a Pill Factory at 15, Caroline Road, Hong-Kong, on November 19th, 1935.

1. O.C.S.270. 10051/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 15th, 1936. 3(a). Pills : 35,500. Heroin hydrochloride : 483 grammes (17 oz.). Codeine phosphate : 193 grammes. Strychnine : 43 grammes. Caffeine: Large quantities, exact amount not stated. Other ingredients for the manufacture of heroin, together with pill-making gear. 5. Three arrests were made, but no particulars are given as to the accused. 7. The heroin was in a 16-oz. tin and in one packet containing one ounce. All labelson the tin had been carefully obliterated, except a portion of a blue stamp label issued by the “ Japan Pharmaceutical Establishment, Osaka ”. Inside the packet was a blue label of the Japan Pharmaceutical Establishment, Osaka, Japan, which, in addition to the words mentioned above, bears a [P] device and a similar device appears to have been obliterated on several labels on the tin. A copy of this label is in the archives of the Secretariat. The codeine was in six bottles containing 25 grammes each and in a packet containing 43 grammes. The bottles were all labelled with a similar blue label, issued by the “ Japan Pharmaceutical Establishment, Osaka ”, a label in English and Japanese bearing the “ Trade [P] Mark ” device and the words in Roman characters “ Codeinum Phosphoricum Dai Nippon Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha Osaka Tokyo ” and a small seal-label over the cork similar to the label on the parcel of heroin in the tin. Copies of these three labels are also in the archives of the Secretariat. 8. The factory was discovered during a raid on the premises. It was situated on the second floor. 9. Legal proceedings are pending.

No. 2.—Discovery of a Clandestine Pill Factory at No. 7, Si Ziang Li Alleyway, Rue Lafayette, French Concession, Shanghai, November 13th, 1935.

1. O.C.S.205(7j. 13103/388. 2. Shanghai Municipal Council, January 8th, 1936. 3ftU. Red pills : 1 kg. 363 grs. (48 oz.). Equipment. 5. Persons implicated : Three Chinese. 7. There wrere no labels on the containers. 8. The information leading to the discovery of the pill factory was obtained from a Chinese pill trafficker, who was arrested the same day on the Bubbling Well Road for being in possession of two packets of red pills, weighing 341 grammes. The factory produced pills on a small scale. The equipment consisted of one pill-making machine and one pill-drying tray. The utensils were procured locally. 9. Two Chinese were sentenced to two years’ imprisonment for manufacturing opium substitutes, while one was sentenced to eighteen months’ imprisonment for attempting to sell opium substitutes. — 8 —

No. 3.—Discovery of a Clandestine Pill Factory at No. 336, North Szechuen Road International Settlement, Shanghai, November 21st, 1935. ’ 1. O.C.S.205 (f). 13103/388. 2. Shanghai Municipal Council, January 8 th, 1936. 3 Red pills: 5 kg. 794 grs. (204 oz.). Caffeine : 114 grammes (4 oz.). Ulensils used for the manufacture of the pills. 5. Persons implicated : Three Chinese. 7. Eighteen packets bore labels depicting three old men. Samples of the labels are in the archives of the Secretariat. 8 . Acting on information obtained from a pill trafficker arrested earlier in the day, the municipal police visited the above address and found there evidence of the manufacture of opium substitutes. The output was on a fairly large scale. The equipment included two pill-making machines, four sieves, one mixing board and other miscel­ laneous articles. The utensils were procured locally. 9. One Chinese was sentenced to two years’ imprisonment and two were acquitted.

No. 4.—Discovery of a Clandestine Heroin Factory at Nos. 7 and 8, Lane 167, Ferry Road, International Settlement, Shanghai, December 13th, 1935. 1. O.C.S.205(7J. 13103/388. 2. Shanghai Municipal Council, January 8 th, 1936. 3(a). Crude morphine : 114 grammes (4 oz.). Caffeine: 909 grammes (32 oz.). Equipment for the manufacture of heroin. 5. Persons implicated : Seizi Takahashi, Japanese ; Yi Kwei Ling, alias Murai, Korean ; and two Chinese. 7. There were no identification marks on the packet of crude morphine. 8 . The discovery of the factory was made in following up a clue in connection with an armed robbery, when the premises were searched by the municipal police. The search at No. 8 resulted in the seizure of the packet of crude morphine and a quantity of empty containers, which had previously contained various chemicals. The search at No. 7 resulted in the discovery of a complete outfit of paraphernalia used in the manufacture of heroin. Chemicals were also seized at the latter address. No manufacture was in process when the seizure was made, and subsequent enquiries ascertained that the plant was operated at No. 8 , from where it was removed to No. 7 on December 10th, 1935. One of the Chinese admitted having manufactured 682 grammes of heroin during three days’ work, between November 20th and December 7th, 1935. The equip­ ment consisted of three Florence filtration flasks, two Buchner funnels, two large porcelain kongs, one air-suction pump, nine graduated glass flasks, two porcelain mortars, four pestles, one pair of scales, three large basins, two pails, two glass flasks, four sieves and two drying-trays. The chemicals included two bottles of hydrochloric acid, four bottles of ether, four bottles of spirits of wine, one bottle of chloroform, four bottles of surocain and four bottles of litmus paper. The equipment and chemicals were handed over to the Japanese consular police. 9. One Chinese was sentenced to six years’ imprisonment ; the other was acquitted. Seizi Takahashi and Yi Kwei Ling were detained by the Japanese consular police and remanded sine die.

Note.—Seizures of pills were also made in connection with the following cases, which included seizures of other drugs and which have been summarised under corresponding headings : Cases Nos. 46, 54 and 55, under “ Prepared Opium ”. Case No. 73, under “ Morphine ”.

Q u a n t it ie s o f P il l s s e iz e d as r e p o r t e d to t h e S e c r e t a r ia t : 1935 7 kg. 500 grs. and 35,530 pills (weight not given).

B. NEW CASES OF SEIZURES. 1. RAW OPIUM. No. 5.—Seizure at Hong-Kong on August 13th, 1935, ex the s.s. " Tjisaroea 1. O.C.S.268. 21955/387. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 15th, 1936. 3fa;. Raw opium : 45 kg. 450 grs. (100 lb.). Heroin hydrochloride : 1 kg. 818 grs. (64 oz.). 9 —

4. On the s.s. Tjisaroea (Java-China Line—Dutch), coming from Shanghai via Amoy and en route for Batavia. 5. The suit-cases in which the drugs were found were consigned by E. Foung Tai, of Shanghai to Tak Wah Kee, of Batavia. 7, The raw opium was of Iranian origin, but there were no marks or labels on the heroin. The drugs were found in a consignment of leather suit-cases which were packed in nine cases. 8. The packing-cases had tin linings and inside the linings were only the suit-cases. The end boards of the packing-cases were found to have been specially hollowed out ; of each case, six of these boards had a special sealed cavity to take a thin flat slab about '20 inches by 6 inches and J inch thick. The slabs were wrapped in waxed paper and covered with tinned iron, but were not sealed. Each slab contained approximately 909 grammes of opium, which had been specially flattened out. There were fifty of these slabs. In addition, there were four similar packets wrapped in waxed paper, which contained 455 grammes of heroin in each. The total number of suit-cases seized was a hundred of assorted sizes. Some were marked with a shield device and the Chinese characters : “ Registered by the Government : Trade Mark : Chung Tat Machinery Leather Manufactory, Shanghai ” ; and others bore no mark. The seizure is of importance, as the cargo came definitely from Shanghai ; the raw opium was of Iranian origin ; the heroin had no indication of its origin and the ultimate destination of the cargo was Batavia.

No. 6 .—Seizures at Hong-Kong during October 1935.

1. 10051/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 17th, 1936. 3(a). Raw opium : 47 kg. 267 grs. (1,251 taels). The report only includes seizures of over 50 taels (1 kg. 889 grs.). 7. 42 kg. 732 grs. were of Chinese origin and 4 kg. 543 grs. of Iranian origin. There were no marks on the Iranian opium, but 35 kg. 478 grs. of the Chinese opium bore the “ Kwong Tung Pagoda ” label and 3 kg. 778 grs. bore the “ Kwong Si ” label. The rest bore no label. 8 . There were six cases, but only one arrest—a Chinese. In two cases, the opium was brought by passengers on trains from Canton. In one case, it was found in the kitchen of a steamer ; in one, it was hidden in a parcel of quilts carried by a Chinese, who absconded on the approach of the revenue officer ; in one, it was found concealed in a basket of ginger root ; and in one, it was in a basket found on the premises of a house in the city of Victoria. 9. The Chinese arrested was fined 1,800 Hong-Kong dollars (2,135 Swiss francs) or seven months’ imprisonment.

No. 7.—Seizures at Hong-Kong in November 1935.

1. 10051/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 25th, 1936. 3(a). Raw opium : 191 kg. 409 grs. (5,066 taels). The report only includes seizures over 50 taels (1 kg. 889 grs.). 5. There were thirteen Chinese arrested. 7. 28 kg. I ll grs. were of Iranian origin and bore no mark. The rest was of Chinese origin, 98 kg. 307 grs. bearing the “ Kwong Tung Pagoda ” mark. 8 . There were thirteen cases. In four, the opium was found on the premises of houses in the city of Victoria and in Kowloon ; in one, it was found concealed in a basket of vegeta­ bles on the main deck of a steamer just arrived from Canton ; in three cases, the opium was in sampans or fishing-boats ; and in three cases, it was found on the person of the defendants, one of whom had just come ashore from the s.s. Yeung Ping ; in one case, it was concealed in one of four baskets of fruit carried by the accused ; and in another, it was found among a pile of cabbages. 9. One accused was sentenced to a fine of 600 Hong-Kong dollars (712 Swiss francs) or six months’ imprisonment ; one was fined 650 Hong-Kong dollars (771 Swiss francs) or six months’ imprisonment ; one was fined 1,000 Hong-Kong dollars (1,186 Swiss francs) or five months’ imprisonment ; one was fined 1,700 Hong-Kong dollars (2,016 Swiss francs) or seven months’ imprisonment ; one was fined 1,900 Hong-Kong dollars (2,253 Swiss francs) or seven months’ imprisonment ; and two were fined 5,000 Hong- Kong dollars (5,930 Swiss francs) or one year’s imprisonment. Six were discharged for lack of evidence. — 10 —

No. 8.—Seizures in Hong-Kong during December 1935.

1. 10051/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, March 12th, 1936. 3(a). Raw opium : 319 kg. 304 grs. (8,451 taels). The report only includes seizures over 50 taels (1 kg. 889 grs.). 7 . 108 kg. 362 grs. were of Iranian origin. The rest was Chinese. 4 kg. 534 grs. of the Iranian opium bore the mark “ A & B ” and 103 kg. 828 grs. bore the mark “ Hop Tec Hoe Macao ”, Of the Chinese opium, 34 kg. 496 grs. bore the “ Kwong Tung Pagoda ” labels ; 109 kg. 42 grs. the “ Green Chicken ” label and 67 kg. 405 grs. bore no label. 8 . There were seven cases, but arrests were made in only two, the accused being three Chinese women and one Chinese man. In three cases, the opium was found on board steamers in the harbour ; in one case, it was found in a fisherman’s hut, concealed in a special cavity which had been constructed in the earth under the floor of the hut, which appeared to be used as a depot pending the arrival of a suitable steamer ; in one case, the opium was found on the sea-shore near a prison at Kowloon and two Chinese were seen digging in the sand, but they absconded on the approach of the warders ; in one case, it was concealed on the persons of the accused ; and in one, it was found on the premises occupied by the accused. 9. One Chinese woman was fined 1,000 Hong-Kong dollars (1,186 Swiss francs) or five months’ imprisonment ; another Chinese woman was sentenced to a fine of 5,000 Hong-Kong dollars (5,830 Swiss francs) or one year’s imprisonment. The other woman and the man were discharged.

No. 9.—Seizures in Penang during October 1935.

1. 15391/388. 2.Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 17th, 1936. 3(a). Raw opium : 227 grammes (6 tahils). Prepared opium : 46 grammes (1.22 tahils). 9. One person was fined 35 Straits dollars (70 Swiss francs) and one person was sentenced to one day’s rigorous imprisonment without option of a fine.

No. 10.—Seizures in Penang in November 1935.

1. 15391/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 25th, 1936. 3(a). Raw opium : 87 grammes (2.30 tahils). Prepared opium : 3 grammes (0.08 tahil). Dross : 227 grammes (6 tahils). 9. There were five convictions and fines amounted to 29 Straits dollars (58 Swiss francs). Four persons wrere convicted without option of a fine ; one to one month’s rigorous imprisonment ; one, to one day’s rigorous imprisonment ; and two, to one day’s simple imprisonment.

No. 11.—Seizures in Singapore during November 1935.

1. 15391/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 25th, 1936. 3(a). Raw opium : 21 kg. 801 grs. (577 tahils). Prepared opium : 11 kg. 308 grs. (299.28 tahils). Dross : 123 grammes (3.25 tahils). 7. 21 kg. 763 grs. of raw opium were of Iranian origin ; 7 kg. 801 grs. of the prepared opium were from Macao and bore the “ Red Lion ” mark. 9. There were five convictions in connection with the seizures of amounts over 378 grammes. One accused was sentenced to three months’ rigorous imprisonment and a fine of 500 Straits dollars (996 Swiss francs) or a further five months’ rigorous imprisonment ; one was sentenced to four months’ rigorous imprisonment and a fine of 200 Straits dollars (398 Swiss francs) or a further five months’ rigorous imprisonment; one was sentenced to six months’ rigorous imprisonment and a fine of 300 Straits dollars (598 Swiss francs) or a further fourteen weeks’ rigorous imprisonment ; one, to seven months’ rigorous imprisonment and a fine of 500 Straits dollars or a further five months’ rigorous imprisonment ; and one, to seven months’ rigorous imprisonment on the first charge and ten months’ rigorous imprisonment and a fine of 500 Straits dollars or five months’ rigorous imprisonment on the second charge. In the cases of seizures under 378 grammes, there were ten convictions and fines totalled 393 Straits dollars (783 Swiss francs). In the dross cases, there was one conviction and the accused was fined 5 Straits dollars (10 Swiss francs). — 11 —

No. 12.—Seizures at Amoy, on November 12th and 14th and December 4th, 1935. 1. 2030/387(4). 2 . Chinese Maritime Customs, through Mr. L. A. Lyall, Assessor on the Advisory Committee, March 1936. 3(a). Raw opium : 2 kg. 230 grs. 4 . On the Japanese Hozen Maru, bound for Iveelung ; on the British m.v. Anshun, coming from Hong-Kong ; and on the Japanese Daikyu Maru, bound for Keelung. The opium was all of Iranian origin. 5. The person implicated in the seizure on the Daikyu Maru was a Chinese passenger on board the vessel. There were no arrests in the other cases. 7. The opium seized was packed in red paper covered with grease-proof paper. There were no labels. 8. There were three cases. The opium was found concealed in native lacquer pillowy which had been brought on board the Hozen Maru prior to her departure, in the lubricating- oil tank on board the Anshun, and in a rattan basket carried by the arrested Chinese on board the Daikyu Maru. 9. The arrested Chinese was handed over to the Anti-opium Supervision Bureau.

No. 13.—Seizures at Lappa, September-November 1935. 1. 2030/387(15). 2. Chinese Maritime Customs, through Mr. L. A. Lvall, Assessor to the Advisory Committee, March 1936. 3(a). Raw opium : 13 kg. 450 grs. Foreign origin. 5. The accused were nineteen Chinese. 8 . There were eighteen cases. 10 kg. 300 grs. were seized either in the luggage or on the persons of pedestrians from Macao. 1 kg. 800 grs. were found on Chinese passengers on the Ki-Kwan bus. 900 grammes were found in two sampans. 450 grammes were found on a Chinese runner on board the Lien Ting How. 9. Fifteen Chinese were sent to the Chung Shan magistrate and the cases are pending. In three cases, the offenders were not arrested.

No. 14.—Seizure at Shanghai, November 1st, 1935. 1. 2030/387(20). 2. Chinese Maritime Customs, through Mr. L. A. Lyall, Assessor to the Advisory Committee, February 1936. 3w. Raw opium : 2 kg. 5. Persons implicated : Six Chinese. 7. The opium was of Iranian origin. 8 . An officer of the Customs river police noticed two sampans with six men on board, dragging the river. On being asked why they were dragging, they replied that they were dragging for the body of a man who had been drowned that morning. As they stated that the case had not been reported, the officer ordered them to the station, but one of them said he would go and fetch the relatives of the dead man. As this man did not return, another was allowed to go ashore, and he returned in ten minutes with about twenty men. The defendants then stated that they were dragging for two bales of silk which had been thrown overboard from a Japanese ship and that, if these were recovered, they would pay the officer a commission. At this offer, the officer ordered the men to go to the station with the sampans, and subsequent dragging of the river resulted in the discovery of five tins of opium.

No. 15.—Seizures at Shanhaikuan on January 5th, and at Shanghai on January 17th, 1934. 1. O.C./A.R.1934/60. 2. Chinese Government, in its annual report for 1934. 3(a). Raw opium : 13 kg. 130 grs. 8 . 1 kg. 220 grs. was found at the Shanhaikuan railway station in the baggage of a Russian who had come from Manchuria. 11 kg. 910 grs. was found on board the s.s. Wuchang (British) on its arrival at Shanghai. The opium was wrapped in paper parcels in cotton bags and concealed in the cargo-hold on board the vessel. It was thought to be of Szechuan origin. The opium seized at Shanhaikuan was destroyed ; that seized at Shanghai was also destroyed, with the exception of 473 grammes which was sent to hospitals.

No. 16.—Seizure at Wuhu, China, on October 23rd, 1934. 1. O.C./A.R.1934/60. 2. Chinese Government, in its annual report for 1934. 3fa;. Raw opium : 2,418 kg. 120 grs. — 12 —

4. On the s.s. Kulwo (British). 8 . The inspecting officers of the Opium Suppression Supervisory Bureau at Wuhu, with the Customs officers, searched the vessel on its arrival in port. The opium was found in the engine-room and in the firemen’s cabin, contained in gunny-bags. No arrest was made. The drug was destroyed.

No. 17.—Illicit Sale of Opium at Prague, October 25th, 1935.

1. 22890/22153. 2. Government of Czechoslovakia, in its report on the illicit traffic in 1935, March 20th, 1936. 3(a). Tincture of opium : 30 grammes. 5. Persons implicated : Emanuel Lhotak, employee of the pharmacy Kohout, of Prague ; Otto Kohout, chemist. 8 . The authorities were informed that Lhotak was selling tincture of opium, and when the pharmacy was searched a bottle containing 30 grammes for retail sale was seized. Kohout gave the excuse that he held a licence for the sale of poisons, but this could not warrant his acting in this way. 9. The case is pending.

No. 18.—Seizure at Alexandria on January 6th, 1936, ex the s.s. “ Ville de Beyrouth ”,

1. 23140/387. 2. Central Narcotics Intelligence Bureau, Cairo, March 22nd, 1936. 3(a). Raw opium : 11 kg. 815 grs. Hashish : 5 kg. 120 grs. 5. Persons implicated : Hussein Morad El Geretly ; Arafa Hassan El Malakan ; Hussein Mohd. Ibrahim, alias El Mesh we ; Ibrahim Sayed Saleh, alias El Sueissi, member of the crew ; Zakaria Omar ; Mohamed Hassan El Shami, alias El Brince ; Hussein Gad Salem, a deck watchman ; Massoud Ayoub, engine-room watchman. 8 . El Shami approached the authorities and informed them that he had been asked to carry a quantity of drugs off the vessel. The scheme was that he was to swim ashore with the drugs, but, as there was a high sea and it was very cold, he decided not to risk it and to turn informer instead. The authorities sent him on board and told him to carry the drugs to the officers waiting ashore. When the authorities received the drugs, they boarded the vessel and arrested Hussein Gad Salem, who had handed the drugs to El Shami, and Massoud Ayoub, who was present when the drugs were handed over. The city police then arrested É1 Geretly, El Malakan and Ibrahim, who, according to the information received, were the people who had commissioned El Shami to go on board to fetch the drugs. Investigations led to the arrest of Saleh, a member of the crew of the vessel who had actually brought the drugs from Syria, only handing them to Hussein Gad Salem on the arrival of the ship at Alexandria. Omar was the person originally requested by El Geretly to swim ashore with the drugs, but, owing to his age, he did not feel equal to the task and handed it over to El Shami, while he agreed to clear the drugs once they were on shore. 9. Hussein Gad Salem was sentenced to three years’ imprisonment and a fine of £E500 (8,796 Swiss francs). The rest were acquitted, but the Parquet has appealed against the acquittal of El Geretly, El Malakan and Hussein Mohd. Ibrahim, and a case has been opened against El Shami for having given false witness.

No. 19.—Seizure at Port Said, January 2nd, 1936.

1. 23065/387. 2. Central Narcotics Intelligence Bureau, Cairo, March 17th, 1936. 3(a). Raw opium : 8 kg. 519 grs. 4. By the s.s. Nijkerk (Dutch flag), coming from Amsterdam. 5. Person implicated : A Chinese fireman on board the vessel. 8 . Acting on information, the vessel was subjected to a careful watch on her arrival at Port Said. The accused was offering opium for sale at £22 per kg., and, as this seemed to indicate that he had a quantity above normal in his possession, steps were taken to board the steamer. He was found with 384 grammes on his person and the rest was found hidden in his locker. In deference to the wishes of the captain, the accused was left on board, his services being required to enable the ship to sail that day. The captain, however, promised to hand him over on the ship’s return. 9. The accused was sentenced to two years’ imprisonment and a fine of £E300 (5,978 Swiss francs by default. — 13 —

Ko. 2 0 .—Seizure at Port Said on January 3rd, 1936, ex the s.s. “ Hoojkerk ”.

1. 23066/387. 2. Central Narcotics Intelligence Bureau, Cairo, March 17th, 1936. 3(a). Raw opium : 7 kg. 740 grs. 4, By the s.s. Hoojkerk (Dutch flag), coming from Calcutta. 5. Person implicated : Chinese carpenter on board. 8. The opium was found concealed in the accused’s tool-shed. He stated that he hadbought it from an Indian at Calcutta and that, failing its sale at Port Said, he intended to sell it at Hamburg. 9. The accused was sentenced to two years’ imprisonment and a fine of £E400 (7,037 Swiss francs).

No. 21.—Seizure at Port Said, January 4th, 1936, ex the s.s. “ War Sudra ”.

1. 22818/387. 2. Central Narcotics Intelligence Bureau, Cairo, March 8 th. 1936. 3(a). Raw opium : 910 grammes. 4. By the s.s. War Sudra (British tanker). 5. Person implicated : A Chinese member of the crew. 7. There were no labels. 8. The accused was suspected of selling opium to local traffickers. Officers of the C.N.I.B., accompanied by a representative of the British consulate and a British constable, boarded the vessel. A search was made with the permission of the captain and the opium was found in the cabin of the accused, who stated that he had purchased it at Abadan, where it appears he had previously obtained other quantities at £30 per lb. 9. The accused was sentenced by the Summary Native Court to six months’ imprisonment and a fine of £E30 (528 Swiss francs). Further, the Customs Commission sentenced him to a fine of £E1 5 millièmes (18 Swiss francs).

No. 22.—Seizure at Port Said on January 10th, 1936, ex the s.s. “ Athos II

1. 22821/387. 2. Central Narcotics Intelligence Bureau, Cairo, March 8 th, 1936. 3w. Raw opium : 1 kg. 347 grs. 4. By the s.s. Athos II (French), coming from Kobe and Djibouti and bound for Marseilles. 5. Persons implicated : Yousef Ibrahim El Ezabi, Egyptian, and a Chinese member of the crew. 7. There were no labels. 8. The mate of the vessel noticed El Ezabi loitering in a suspicious manner in the crew’s quarters and searched him, finding the opium in the lining of his jacket. Investi­ gation showed that El Ezabi had received the opium from a Chinese member of the crew. A search was made of the crew’s quarters by officers of the C.N.I.B., but no further seizure was made. 9. The two accused were sentenced by the Summary Native Court to two years’ imprisonment and a fine of £E400 (7,037 Swiss francs) each.

No. 23.—Seizure at Port Said, January 27th, 1936, ex the s.s. “ War Hindoo

1. 22820/387. 2. Central Narcotics Intelligence Bureau, Cairo, January 8 th, 1936. 3c

British consulate and, with the permission of the captain, a search was made, which resulted in the opium being found in the quartermaster’s cabin in the form of pencils and in suit-cases which were the property of the other two members of the crew. The shop and the house of El Sirri were searched and various slips of paper found which had been used as code signals, but nothing further was discovered. 9. The two Egyptians were tried by the Summary Native Court and sentenced to two years’ imprisonment each and a fine of £E400 (7,037 Swiss francs). As the master of the tanker was unable to hand over the three members of the crew, no action was taken in regard to them. The master, however, stated that he would deal suitably with the quartermaster and immediately deducted a sum from the wages of the other two members of the crew.

No. 24.—Seizure at Bombay on November 1st, 1935.

1. 21954/387. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 15th. 1936. 3(a). Raw opium : 222 grammes (19 tolas). 4.On the s.s. Golden Gate (Agents : Scindia Steam Navigation Co., Ltd.), coming from Moulmein. 5. The accused was. a Chinese sailor. 9. The accused was sentenced to a day’s simple imprisonment and a fine of Rs. 50 (65 Swiss francs) or, in default, to two months’ rigorous imprisonment. The fine has been paid.

No. 25.—Seizure at Amsterdam, April 30th, 1935. 1. 661/388(2). No. 606. 2. Netherlands Government, January 16th, 1936. 3fa;. Raw opium : 2 kg. 4. By the s.s. Gaaslerkerk (Vereenigde Scheepvaart-Maatschappij — Dutch). 5. Person implicated : A Chinese stoker. 8 . The opium was in four pieces wrapped in paper. The accused stated that he had bought it at Marseilles for £8 . 9. The accused was sentenced to two months’ imprisonment, less six weeks’ detention which he had already undergone.

No. 26.—Seizure at Rotterdam, January 9th, 1936.

1. 661/388(2). No. 608. 2. Netherlands Government, January 29th, 1936. 3fa;. Raw opium : 1 kg. 350 grs. 5. Person implicated : A Chinese sailor on board the s.s. Groolekerk. 7. The opium was in three cakes and wrapped in red paper marked “ Ting Chuk San— Dairen ” and Chinese characters. A photograph of the mark is in the archives of the Secretariat. 8 . The accused was arrested in the street with the opium in his possession. 9. The accused was sentenced to one week’s imprisonment.

No. 27.—Seizure at Rotterdam, January 29th, 1936.

1. 661/388(2). No. 609. 2. Netherlands Government, February 25th, 1936. 3fa;. Raw opium : 4 kg. 500 grs. 4. By the Is.s. Groolekerk (Vereenigde Nederlandsche Scheepvaart-Maatschappij — Dutch), coming from the Far East and the Mediterranean. 5. Person implicated : A Chinese sailor on board. 7. The opium was in seven cakes, wrapped in English, American and Turkish newspapers. The American newspaper was the Los Angeles Examiner of February 4th, 1935. 8 . The opium was found in the possession of the accused as he was leaving the vessel. He had bought it at Hong-Kong for 25 Hong-Kong dollars (30 Swiss francs) the cake. 9. The accused was sentenced to two weeks’ imprisonment.

No. 28.—Seizures at Gheribon and Muntok, Netherlands Indies, on October 18th and November 13th, 1935, respectively.

1. 20070/388. Nos. 613 and 616. 2. Netherlands Government, March 21st, 1936. 3fa;. Raw opium : 34 kg. 440 grs. — 15 —

4. By the Tjisaroea and the Tjisalak, both vessels of the China-Java-Japan Line, coming from China, Hong-Kong and the Philippine Islands. 5. The two accused were of Chinese nationality. 7. 19 kg. 210 grs. was of Chinese origin. 8. There were two cases. 19 kg. 210 grs. were found in seven earthen potscontaining salted vegetables and crystallised fruits. 15 kg.230 grs. were found in an hotel, in the luggage of a Chinese who had just arrived on the s.s. Tjisalak. In this latter case, the accused stated that he had received the opium in China from a compatriot who commissioned him to deliver the opium to an hotel in Palembang. 9. Both cases are pending.

No. 29.—Seizures in the Netherlands Indies during the Fourth Quarter of 1935.

1. 20070/388. Nos. 610, 611, 615, 617 and 618. '2. Netherlands Government, March 21st, 1936. 3(a). Raw opium : 86 kg. 202 grs. Prepared opium : 11 kg. 345 grs. 4. By boats of the Java-China-Japan line, coming from China, Hong-Kong and the Philippine Islands. 5. There were no arrests. 7. The raw opium was all of Iranian origin. Nine packets bore the mark “ A & B ” and 24 packets the mark “A & B Monopoly B The rest bore no mark. Eight tins of prepared opium bore the mark " Lion, Globe and Serpent ” and Chinese characters and the rest bore no mark. 8. There were five cases. In four cases, the opium was found in different parts of the vessels during a search. In the fifth case, it was in a basket containing linen left in the Customs shed by an unknown Chinese passenger.

No. 30.—Seizure at Macao on November 9th, 1935. 1. 529/388(2). 2. Portuguese Government, March 14th, 1936. 3fa;. Raw opium : 70 kg. 805 grs. (1,874 taels). 5. There v as no accused. 7. The opium was in forty-four cases and bore the “ Lion ” mark. It was of Iranian origin. 8. The opium was consigned by the firm of “ Kuong Hing Chong”, from Hong-Kong. It was confiscated.

No. 31.—Seizure at Baltimore, Maryland, November 19th, 1935, ex the s.s. “ Exilona ” 1. O.C.S.271. 1281/388(187). No. 471. 2. Government of the United States of America, January 3rd, 1936. 3r

1 Thomas was arrested at Hamburg in March 1933 (see document O.C.S./Confidential 16). He was also suspected of being identical with a person of the same name who, under the firm name of Thomas & Co., Hamburg, sent 239 postal packets containing narcotics to Mukden in 1930. (See document O.C.294(g), pages 37 and 38, No. 107.) (See also documents O.C.294f/;, pages 122 and 123 ; O.C.294(g), page 8 ; O.C.294(h), page 5 ; and O.C.294(s;, page 3, No. 18.) — 16 —

No. 32. —Seizure at Bayonne, New Jersey, December 27th, 1935.

1. 1281/388(232). No. 516. 2. Government of the United States of America, March 23rd, 1936. 3(a). Raw opium : 1 kg. 86 grs. (38f oz.). One opium pipe and one opium scale. 4. By the tanker Mirza (N.V. Petroleum Maats—“ La Corona ”—Dutch), coming from Rotterdam via Curacao. 5. There was no arrest. 7. There were no marks or labels. 8 . Upon its arrival at Bayonne, the Mirza was searched by Customs officers and the drugs were found concealed in various parts of the vessel. The opium was in one bag and two packages. That in the bag contained approximately 9.66% anhydrous morphine and that in the packages about 10.74%.

No. 33. —Seizure at Bayonne, New Jersey, February 7th, 1936.

1. O.C.S.269. 1281/388(222). No. 506. 2. Government of the United States of America, March 11th, 1936. 3 fa;. Raw opium : 3 kg. 124 grs. (110 oz.). 4. By the s.s. Murena (Dutch), coming from Rouen, France, via Curaçao, Buenos Aires and New York. 5. Persons implicated : Two Chinese members of the crew. 7. There were no marks or labels. The packages were oblong in shape, rounded on the sides, corners and ends, and varied as to weight. Five of the packages had outside wrappers of glazed paper, tied with red string and brown paper, while two packages had brown-paper outside wrappers and glazed paper around the opium, tied with string. These packages were probably intended to represent the 14b. “ brick ” customarily prepared in the Near East. 8 . The opium was found in the possession of the two accused, who stated that they had bought it in France. They are being held for prosecution.

No. 34.—Seizure at Brooklyn, New York, December 19th, 1935.

1. 1281/388(204). No. 488. 2. Government of the United States of America, January 31st, 1936. 3(a). Raw opium : 2 kg. 130 grs. (4 lb. 11 oz.). 4. By the City of Lyons (Ellerman and Buchnell Co., Ltd.—British), coming from Bombay, via Madras, Calcutta, Colombo, Aden, Egyptian ports, Ceuta, St. John. 5. Person implicated : A Chinese. 7. There were no identifying marks or labels. 8 . The opium was found on the person of the accused, who stated that he had obtained it in Bombay but refused to implicate others. Although the opium did not appear suitable for smoking, it was apparently intended for such purpose. It appeared to be composed of scrapings from opium-pipe bowls after the first smoking operation, combined with either crude or manufactured opium. The mass was of a hard character and had been coated with some oily substance, which might readily be removed from the surface and evidently did not penetrate the mass. 9. The accused will be prosecuted.

No. 35.—Seizure at New York on January 10th, 1936.

1. 1281/388(214). No. 498. 2. Government of the United States of America, February 29th, 1936. 3(a). Raw opium : 6 kg. 818 grs. (15 lb.). 5. Persons implicated : Charles Lampitelli, Benn de Francesco, Vito Diagiacomo, and B en n y Russo. 7. There were no labels. The outer container was a brown cardboard box, inside of which were fifteen 1-lb. bricks of raw opium, each covered with tinfoil and then w ra p p e d with red glazed paper. Between the red glazed paper and the tinfoil was a plain waxed paper wrapper. 8 . Local police, investigating the stealing of merchandise from trucks, discovered the above- named defendants in the act of shipping a 15-lb. package of raw opium by American Express to Chicago. Russo escaped arrest and has not y et been apprehended, but the others were taken into custody. Lampitelli, however, died soon after his arrest. 9. De Francesco was held in default of bond and Diagiacomo was released on bond. — 17 —

No. 36.—Seizure at Zagreb, Yugoslavia, in October 1935. 1. 21875/387. 2. Permanent Delegation of Yugoslavia at Geneva, January 9th, 1936. 3(a). Haw opium : 25 kg. 5. Persons implicated : Leopold Franz Katolnig, travelling agent, of Vienna ; Therese Smola, Yugoslav, of Belgrade. 8. The two accused were arrested at Zagreb for smuggling the opium. The Yugoslav legations in France and in Austria have been informed of this case and have been requested to refuse Katolnig any visa enabling him to enter Yugoslavia.

Note.—Seizures of raw opium were also made in connection with the following cases, which included seizures of other drugs and which have been summarised under corresponding headings : Cases Nos. 41, 42 and 53, under “ Prepared Opium Case No. 89, under “ Heroin Case No. 111. under “ Indian Hemp Drugs ”.

Q u a n t it ie s of R a w O p iu m s e iz e d as r e p o r t e d to t h e S e c r e t a r ia t :

1934 1935 1936 2,431 kg. 250 grs. 1,081 kg. 251 grs. 46 kg. 288 grs.

2. PREPARED OPIUM AND DROSS.

No. 37.—Seizures at Hong-Kong in October 1935. 1. 10051/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee. January 17th, 1936. 3(a). Prepared opium : 3 kg. 552 grs. (94 taels). The report only includes seizures of over 20 taels (756 grammes). Aqueous solution of opium : 59 litres (13 gallons). Boiling gear. 5. There were three arrests. The accused were all Chinese. 7. 1 kg. 436 grs. came from Kwang-Chow Wan and bore the “ Lam Kee Eagle ” mark. 8 . There were three cases. In one, the opium was found on premises which were used on a large scale as an opium-boiling establishment. In the other two cases, the opium was found on the person of the accused. 9. One accused was sentenced to a fine of 2,000 Hong-Kong dollars (2,372 Swiss francs) or nine months’ imprisonment ; another, to a fine of 2,000 Hong-Kong dollars or eight months’ imprisonment ; and a third, to a fine of 1,800 Hong-Kong dollars (2,135 Swiss francs) or seven months’ imprisonment.

No. 38.—Seizures at Hong-Kong in November 1935. 1. 10051/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 25th, 1936. 3(a). Prepared opium : 8 kg. 237 grs. (218 taels). 5. There were three arrests. The accused were all Chinese. 7. 1 kg. 133 grs. bore the “ Double Cash ” mark and came from Canton. 5 kg. 592 grs. bore the “ Lam Kee Eagle ” mark and came from Kwang-Chow Wan. The rest bore no label. 8 . There were three cases. In one, the opium was found at Kowdoon railway station packed in four gutskins, concealed under a biscuit tin. In another, it was packed in 148 tins found in a rattan basket on the premises of a house in the city of Victoria. In a third, the tins of opium were found on the person of the accused. 9. One of the accused was sentenced to a fine of 3,000 Hong-Kong dollars (3,558 Swiss francs) or eight months’ imprisonment ; another, to a fine of 1,800 dollars (2,135 Swiss francs) or seven months’ imprisonment ; and a third, to a fine of 5,000 dollars (5,930 Swiss francs) or one year’s imprisonment.

No. 39.—Seizures in Hong-Kong during December 1935. 1. 10051/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, March 12th, 1936. 3(a). Prepared opium : 175 kg. 11 grs. (4,632 taels). The report only includes seizures of over 20 taels (756 grammes). 5. There were no arrests. — 18 —

7. 118 kg. 336 grs. bore the “ Lion & Globe ” mark and 56 kg. 675 grs. the “ Chicken & Elephant ”, “ Eagle ” and “ Lion & Globe ” marks. 8 . There were two cases. In one case, the opium was found on board the s.s. Gaasterkerk (Dutch), coming from Shanghai and leaving for Singapore and Europe. In the second case, the opium was concealed in a fisherman’s hut, in a special cavity constructed under the floor of the hut, which appeared to be used as a depot pending the arrival of a suitable steamer.

No. 40.—Seizures in Penang during December 1935.

1. 15391/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, March 12th, 1936. 3(a). Prepared opium : 43 grammes (1.14 tahils). 8 . There was one conviction. 9. The accused w'as sentenced to ten days’ imprisonment and a fine of 30 Straits dollars (59 Swiss francs).

No. 41.—Seizures in Singapore during October 1935. 1. 15391/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 17th, 1936, 3(a). Prepared opium : 43 kg. 262 grs. (1.145 tahils). Raw opium : 151 grammes (4 tahils). Dross : 193 grammes (5.10 tahils). 7. 42 kg. 619 grs. of prepared opium came from Macao and bore the “ Red Lion ” mark. 9. There were two cases of seizures of amounts over 378 grammes, but only one conviction, as there was no arrest in the second case. The person convicted was sentenced to eighteen months’ rigorous imprisonment and a fine of 1,000 Straits dollars (1990 Swiss francs) or a further nine months’ rigorous imprisonment. Seizures of amounts under 378 grammes resulted in eight convictions and fines totalled 346 Straits dollars (690 Swiss francs). In the dross cases, there were two convictions and the fines totalled 45 Straits dollars (89 Swiss francs).

No. 42.—Seizures in Singapore during December 1935.

1. 15391/388. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, March 12th, 1936. 3(a). Prepared opium : 19 kg. 370 grs. (512.66 tahils). Raw opium : 4 kg. 742 grs. (125.50 tahils). Dross : 242 grammes (6.40 tahils). 7. 15 kg. 567 grs. of the prepared opium came from Macao and bore the “ Red Lion ” mark. 4 kg. 534 grs. of raw opium came from Iran. 8 . There were two cases of seizures of prepared opium and one of raw opium over 10 tahils, but there were no arrests in these cases. There were five convictions in connection writh the seizures of both raw and prepared opium under 10 tahils. There was one conviction in connection with the seizure of dross. 9. Four of the accused implicated in the •seizures of raw and prepared opium under 10 tahils were each sentenced to one day’s imprisonment in addition to a fine ; the fines totalled 318 Straits dollars (633 Swiss francs). In one case, the accused was sentenced to seven months’ rigorous imprisonment without the option of a fine. The accused implicated in the seizure of dross was sentenced to one day’s imprisonment and a fine of 30 Straits dollars (59 Swiss francs).

No. 43.—Seizure at Vancouver, December 19th, 1935.

1. 1873/388. 2. Canadian Advisory Officer, Geneva, February 18th, 1936. 3(a). Prepared opium : 2 kg. 272 grs. (5 lb.). One set of opium scales. One decking tool. 4. By the Empress of Canada, coming from the Far East. 5. Person implicated : A Chinese. 7. There were no distinguishing marks or labels. 8 . Upon being searched by Customs officers on leaving the vessel, the accused was found in possession of the opium and equipment. He claimed that he was addicted to opium and that it was for his own use. 9. The accused was sentenced to three years’ in the penitentiary and a fine of 200 dollars or, in default, a further two months’ imprisonment. — 19 —

No. 44.—Seizure at Palembang, Netherlands Indies, November 8th, 1935. 1. 20070/388. No. 614. 2. Netherlands Government, March 21st, 1936. 3(a). Prepared opium : 7 kg. 634 grs. 4. By the s.s. Thedens (Koninklijke Paketvaart Maatschappij—Dutch), comme from Singapore. 5. Person implicated : A Chinese merchant at Palembang. 7. The opium was in 102 packets without mark. 8. The accused stated that he had received the opium from another Chinese at Amoy for 200 florins. He had travelled from Amoy to Singapore on the s.s. Van Heutz, another vessel belonging to the above company. 9. The affair is pending.

No. 45.—Seizure at Iloilo, Philippine Islands, November 1st, 1935. 1. 1281/388(195). No. 479. 2. Government of the United States of America, January 3rd, 1936. 3(a). Prepared opium : 60 grammes. 5. Person implicated : A Chinese. 7. The opium bore the “ Agedness ” mark. 8. The opium was seized from the defendant in the street.

No. 46.—Seizure at Manila, November 25th, 1935. 1. 1281/388(202). No. 486. 2. Government of the United States of America, January 29th, 1936. 3(a). Prepared opium : 310 grammes. Black opium pills : 50 grammes. 4. On the s.s. Anking (China Navigation Co., Ltd.—British), coming from Amoy. 5. The accused person was a Chinese. 7. There were no marks or labels. 8 . The drugs were found in the Chinese Baggage Inspection Room, Bureau of Customsi wrapped in a pillow and concealed in the baggage of the accused, who was a passenger on the Anking. 9. The accused Chinese will be prosecuted.

No. 47.—Seizures in the Philippine Islands in June and July 1935. 1. 1281/388(219, 220 and 221). Nos. 503, 504 and 505. 2. Government of the United States of America, March 11th, 1936. 3(a). Prepared opium : 3 kg. 604 grs. Dross : 9 grammes. 5. The accused persons were two Chinese and two Chinese-Filipino mixed breed. 7. 196 grammes of prepared opium bore the “ Lion ” mark and 3 kg. 408 grs. bore the “ Tonggee ” mark. 8 . There were three cases. 3 kg. 408 grs. were found in the possession of one of the Chinese and 68 grammes were found in the house occupied by one of the Chinese-Filipinos. 128 grammes were found on the person of the other Chinese, but wrere found to be the property of the second Chinese-Filipino. 9. One Chinese was sentenced to two months’ imprisonment and a fine of 300 dollars. The other three accused were held for trial.

No. 48.—Seizures in Macao, September 1935. 1. 529/388(2). 2. Portuguese Government, January 23rd, 1936. 3(a). Prepared opium : 1 kg. 961 grs. (51.90 taels). 5. The accused were all of Chinese nationality. 7. The opium seized was all of Chinese origin. 8 . There were twenty cases. 9. Fines ranged from 5 Macao dollars (6 Swiss francs) to 150 Macao dollars (191 Swiss francs). The fines w'ere all paid, with the exception of three ; in these three cases, the accused were sent to the Tribunal.

No. 49.—Seizures in Macao, October 1935. 1. 529/388(2). 2. Portuguese Government, January 23rd, 1936. 3(a). Prepared opium : 1 kg. 5 grs. (26.6 taels). 5. The accused were all of Chinese nationality. 7. The opium seized was all of Chinese origin, with the exception of 416 grammes which is stated to be of Iranian origin. 8 . There were fourteen cases. 9. Fines ranged from 3.50 Macao dollars (4 Swiss francs) to 143 Macao dollars (181 Swiss francs). They were all paid, with the exception of one, in which case the offender was sent to the Tribunal.

No. 50.—Seizures in Macao in November 1935. 1. 529/388(2). 2. Portuguese Government, March 14th, 1936. 3(a). Prepared opium : 552 grammes (14.6 taels). 8 . There were ten cases and the accused were all of Chinese nationality. 9. Fines ranging from 2 Macao dollars (2.50 Sw'iss francs) to 72 Macao dollars (91 Swiss francs) were inflicted. They were all paid, with the exception of the fine of 72 dollars. In this case, the accused was sent to the Tribunal.

No. 51.—Seizures in Macao in December 1935. 1. 529/388(2). 2. Portuguese Government, March 16th, 1936. 3(a). Prepared opium : 1 kg. 825 grs. (48.3 taels). 7. The opium was all of Chinese origin. 8 . There were fifteen cases and the accused were all Chinese. 9. Fines ranging from 3 Macao dollars (3.80 Swiss francs) to 100 Macao dollars (127 Swiss francs) were inflicted. They were all paid, with the exception of the fine of 100 dollars ; in this case, the offender was sent to the Tribunal.

No. 52.—Seizure at Tambol Menam Sai, Amphur Ghieng San, Changvad Chiengrai, Siam, on January 9th, 1935. 1. O.C.S.257. 951/388(2). 2. Siamese Government, October 15th, 1935. 3(a). Prepared opium : 9,333 kg. 935 grs. (248,904 tamlungs 94 boons). 5. There were no arrests. 8 . The prepared opium was contained in 248 cases sent from Chieng Tung, Southern Shan States.

No. 53.—Seizures in Siam during the Third Quarter, 1935. 1. 951/388(2). 2. Siamese Government, February 6 th, 1936. 3(a). Port Seizures : Internal Seizures : Prepared opium : 2 kg. 821 grs. (75 1,175 kg. 862 grs. (31,356 tamlungs tamlungs 50 hoons). 32 hoons). Raw opium : 187 kg. 543 grs. (5,001 tamlungs 15 hoons). Dross : 13 kg. 245 grs. (353 tamlungs 48 kg. 572 grs. (1,295 tamlungs 19 hoons). 24 hoons). 4. The prepared opium was found in a 128 kg. 948 grs. of raw opium and double-bottomed tin on board the 72 kg. 262 grs. of prepared opium s.s. Kweiyang (Borneo Co., Ltd., were smuggled into Siam from Swatow) and 12 kg. 998 grs. of dross the British Shan States. in the coal-bunker on board the s.s. Hiram (Tan Wang Lee, Swatow). The rest of the dross was also seized on steamers in the River Menam. 5. The accused were all of Chinese or Siamese nationality. 8 . There were six cases. There were 2,688 cases. 9. The maximum fine was 30 ticals (47 The maximum term of imprisonment Swiss francs). was one year. The maximum fine was 41,769 ticals (66,062 Swiss francs). No. 54.—Seizure at Boston, Massachusetts, in October 1935. 1. 1281/388(201). No. 485. 2. Government of the United States of America, January 29th, 1936. 3(a). Prepared opium : 163 grammes (5 oz. 318 grains). Pink pills, containing traces of heroin : 227 grammes (7 oz. 434 grains). 5. Persons implicated : Twenty-two Chinese. 7. There w7ere no identifying marks or labels. 8. Narcotics agents bought 31 grammes of prepared opium and 34 grammes of pills from three of the Chinese on October 16th. They then conducted separate raids on the premises occupied by these Chinese and seized the balance of the drugs, together with the twenty-two accused, one of whom, however, escaped. 9. The accused were held in default of bond awaiting trial.

Mo. 55. —Seizure at Chicago, Illinois, October 31st, 1935.

1, 1281/388(200). No. 484. 2. Government of the United States of America, January 17th, 1936. 3(a). Dross : 7 grammes (107 grains). Pink pills, each containing approximately 0.27% of anhydrous morphine : 66 grammes (1,015 grains). 5. The accused were four Chinese. 7. There were no identifying marks or labels. 8. Detecting the odour of smoking-opium, narcotic agents raided the premises occupied by the accused and seized the drugs. 9. The accused were all held in default of bond awaiting trial.

No. 56.—Seizure at Los Angeles, California, January 29th, 1936. 1. 1281/388(223). No. 507. 2, Government of the United States of America, March 11th.1936. 3(a). Prepared opium : 1 kg. 136 grs. (40 oz.). 5. Persons implicated : Two Chinese. 7. The opium was in six tins, four of which bore the “ Yick Kee ” label, while the others bore the “ Cock & Elephant (Lam Kee-Macao) ” label. 8. Acting upon information that the two accused were peddling narcotics, the local police searched the premises occupied by them and found the opium concealedtherein. 9. The defendants are being held in default of bond awaiting trial.

No. 57.—Seizure at Priest River, Idaho, October 10th, 1935.

1. O.C.S.267fa/ 1281/388(173). No. 444(c). 2. Government of the United States of America, January 31st, 1936. 3(a). Prepared opium : 9 grammes (145 grains). Dross : 0.650 gramme (10 grains). 5. Persons implicated : A. S. and Charlotte Fuller ; Jack Strand 1. 8 . A. S. Fuller and his wife, Charlotte Fuller, were arrested at Priest River in possession of the prepared opium and the dross, the latter being found in an opium pipe. The defendants admitted that they had received the drugs from Jack Strand, in Seattle. 9. The two Fullers were held in default of bond awaiting trial.

No. 58.—Seizures at Sacramento, California, on November 9th, and at New Orleans, Louisiana, on November 21st, 1935. 1. 1281/388(189 and 196). Nos. 473 and 480. 2. Government of the United Slates of America, January 3rd, 1936. 3(a). Prepared opium : 250 grammes (8 f oz.). Dross : 31 grammes (483 grains). Cocaine : 8 grammes (129 grains). Opium-smoking accessories. 4. 21 grammes of prepared opium were seized at New Orleans on the motor-ship Fernbrook (Norwegian), coming from Port Redon, Dakar and Montreal. 5. Persons implicated : In the seizure at Sacramento, the accused was a Chinese, and in the seizure at New Orleans, the accused was a member of the crew of the Fernbrook, Marvin Gallaway. 7. 229 grammes of prepared opium seized at Sacramento bore the “ Rooster & Elephant (Lam Kee Macao) ” label. The rest of the prepared opium, the dross and the cocaine bore no mark. 8 . The Chinese implicated in the seizure at Sacramento was arrested as he alighted from a train and the prepared opium was found in his possession. The drugs seized at New Orleans were taken from Marvin Gallaway as he was disembarking from the ship’s tender at Guedry’s landing, Chalmette Point, New Orleans. 9. The Chinese was held in default of bond awaiting trial. Gallaway was arrested and will be prosecuted.

1 See document O.C.294 (z), pages 24 and 26, Nos. 1901 and 1910. — 22 —

No. 59.—Seizure at San Juan, California, October 8th, 1935. 1. 1281/388(208). No. 492. 2. Government of the United States of America, February 29th, 1936. 3fa;. Prepared opium : 947 grammes (33.33 oz.). 5. Persons implicated : Joe Bianchini and Giuseppe Biagi, both residents of San Juan. 7. The prepared opium was in five 5-tael tins bearing labels with Chinese characters, a Cantonese translation of which would be : “ Li Yuen Old Shop. The Old Kind of Official Opium ”, and in English characters the words “ Zat Yuhin ”. Photographs of this label are in the archives of the Secretariat. 8 . Information was obtained by the authorities that a large quantity of opium was concealed on the premises occupied by the accused, and, on a search being made, the opium was found in a refuse basket. The defendants refused to give any information concerning the source of their supply. The opium seized is of an inferior grade mixed with foreign substances, and, according to the authorities, is similar to seizures of such made in the past, indicating Mexican origin. 9. Both defendants were sentenced to six months’ imprisonment.

No. 60.—Seizure at Staten Island, New York, January 25th, 1936. 1. 1281/388(209). No. 493. 2. Government of the United States of America, February 29th, 1936. 3(a). Prepared opium : 379 grammes (13.33 oz.). 4. By the s.s. Chattanooga City, coming from Manila, Philippine Islands, via the Orient. 5. Person implicated : Juan Rosales, Filipino, messman on board the vessel. 7. The opium bore the “ Rooster-Elephant (Lam Kee Macao) ” mark. 8 . It was found concealed on the person of the accused upon the arrival of the vessel at Staten Island. Rosales stated that he had bought the opium at Singapore. 9. Rosales was arrested and will be prosecuted.

No. 61.—Seizures at Tucson, Arizona, in January 1936. 1. 1281/388(210, 211 and 217). Nos. 494, 495 and 501. 2. Government of the United States of America, February 29th, 1936. 3(a). Prepared opium : 1 kg. 392 grs. (49 oz.). Dross : 85 grammes (3 oz.). Morphine : 121 grammes (4\ oz.). Cocaine : 43 grammes (1| oz.). 5. Persons implicated : Louis B. Rivera, M. E. Bray and two Chinese. 7. 85 grammes of morphine were labelled “ Sulfato de Morfina Permise No. 170798—Beick, Felix y Cia., Mexico, D.F. ” and " Carlos Stein y Cia—Almacen de Drogas, Sinaloa, Mexico ”. The rest of the drugs seized bore no labels. 8 . Acting on information that Rivera, a resident of Tucson, was smuggling opium into the United States from Nogales, Mexico, Customs officers stopped and searched the auto­ mobile which he was driving and found 710 grammes of prepared opium. 682 grammes of prepared opium, the dross, 36 grammes of morphine and the cocaine were found concealed on the premises occupied by the two Chinese in Chinatown, Tucson. The 85 grammes of morphine mentioned under No. 7 above, were found in the possession of Bray, as a result of information received by the Customs that he was transporting opium from Mexico in his automobile. Bray pleaded guilty to the possession of the morphine but wrould not indicate where he had purchased it. The United States authorities have forwarded a report on this case to the Mexican Government. 9. All the accused were held in bond awaiting trial.

No. 62.—Seizure at Wellton, Arizona, November 22nd, 1935.

1. 1281/388(207). Nos. 491 and 491 (a). 2. Government of the United States of America, February 8th and March 25th, 1936. 3(a). Prepared opium : 57 grammes (2 oz.). Alleged morphine : 57 grammes (2 oz.). Alleged cocaine : 28 grammes (1 oz.). 5. Person implicated : Manuel Macias, of Los Angeles. 7. The prepared opium was in two bottles which bore no mark. The alleged morphine was in two bottles which bore the label of E. Merck—Darmstadt, while the cocaine was in one bottle bearing the label of Ferdinand Roques. These labels are obvious forgeries. Copies are in the archives of the Secretariat. 8 . The accused was apprehended on a Pacific Greyhound bus with the drugs concealed on his person. He stated that he had purchased them at Nogales, Sonora, Mexico ; 23 —

that he had had them delivered to him in Nogales, Arizona, and was taking them to Los Angeles. The alleged morphine and cocaine were analysed and found to contain no narcotics of any kind. A report on this case was forwarded to the French Government and a note was received by the United States authorities from M. Mondanel, Contrôleur Général des Services de Police criminelle, Paris, stating that the label bearing the mark “ Ferdinand Roques-Paris ”, is manifestly a counterfeit and a bad imitation. From enquiries made at the Roques establishment in Paris and from the documentary title No. 449 appearing on the label submitted, this number was part of a delivery of 250 grammes of chlorhydrate of cocaine made on April 22nd, 1922, for the account of the firm of Emmenard, Paris. This firm, which was honourably known, has not been heard of for many years. In view of the age of this delivery, it has not been possible to learn the details, but it is evident that it had no connection with this case. The United States authorities think that it is possible the persons who made these counterfeit labels were attempting to reproduce the labels bearing the serial number 499. It will be recalled that these labels appeared on certain bottles of cocaine manufactured by Ferdinand Roques, Paris, the bottles being part of a shipment made through the agents A. & H. Ferret, Paris, to M. Monteverde, Mexico City, in 1922. The major part of this shipment and a large number of the bottles have been smuggled into the United States and there seized. 9. Macias was held in default of bond awaiting trial.

No. 63.—Seizures at Hilo and at Honolulu, Hawaii, on December 18th and 19th, 1935, respectively. 1. 1281/388(203 and 205). Nos. 487 and 489. 2. Government of the United States of America, January 29th and 31st, 1936. 3l'a;. Prepared opium : 8 kg. 141 grs. (286 oz. 291 grains). 4. 3 kg. 597 grs. were seized on the Waialeale, going from Honolulu to the Island of Kauai. The Waialeale belongs to the Inter-Island Steamship Company, of Hawaii. 5. Persons implicated : The accused were all of Chinese nationality. 7. The opium all bore the “ Rooster-Elephant (Lam Kee Macao) ” mark. 8 . Acting on information received by telephone that a Chinese would attempt to take a quantity of opium on board the Waialeale on December 19th, narcotics agents at Honolulu entered the stateroom of accused after he had boarded the vessel and searched his belongings. In his suit-case was found a square biscuit tin containing 2 kg. 596 grs. of opium. The narcotics agents at Hilo, acting also on information received, arrested a Chinese and his wife and found 4 kg. 544 grs. of prepared opium in two shoe-boxes concealed in a suit-case in a room which they had rented. The woman gave the names of two other Chinese as the actual owners of the opium, but at the time of making the report, there was not sufficient evidence to warrant their arrest. 9. In each case, the accused were released on bond pending trial.

No. 64.—Seizure at Honolulu, November 15th, 1935. 1. 1281/388(188). Nos. 472 and 412(a). 2. Government of the United States of America, January 3rd and 31st, 1936. 3fa;. Prepared opium : 41 kg. 653 grs. (1,466| oz.). 4. By the President Hoover (Dollar Steamship Lines, American), coming from the Far East. 5. Person implicated : Chinese cabin-boy on board the vessel. 7. The opium bore the “ Cock and Elephant (Lam Kee Macao) ” mark. It was in 220 5-tael tins sealed in large tin containers, ten tins to a container. These outer containers bore no marks or labels. 8 . The opium was found by Customs officers, concealed in three leather suit-cases in a steerage stateroom occupied by six Chinese. Fingerprints of the six Chinese were taken, as well as those of the cabin-boy, who had access to the stateroom. A fingerprint on the tins was found to correspond to that of the Chinese cabin-boy in question and he was arrested. He admitted that he had the opium in his custody and was taking it to San Francisco, but the Chinese occupying the stateroom declared that the suit-cases were not there during the voyage from the Orient to Honolulu, and it was quite apparent that the cabin-boy had removed the opium from some hiding-place and placed it in the stateroom, where it wrould be readily accessible for him to try and land at Honolulu.

No. 65.—Seizure at Honolulu, January 14th, 1936. 1. 1281/388(215). No. 499. 2. Government of the United States of America, February 29th, 1936. 3ra;. Prepared opium : 1 kg. 515 grs. (53j oz.). — 24 —

4. By the Talsula Maru (Nippon Yusen Kaisha, Japanese), coming from Hong-Kong, Shanghai, Kobe and Yokohama. 5. Persons implicated : Masanori Nagai, Japanese steerage-cook on the vessel. George Shaw, dock-worker and assistant freight clerk in the employ of the Nippon Yusen Kaisha. Kaneko, a Formosan resident of Hong-Kong. 7. The opium bore the “ Yick Kee (Lion) ” mark, and was in eight tins. 8 . Nagai was searched as he came ashore and the opium found on his person. He stated that, in addition to this amount of opium, he had transported twenty-five tins from Hong-Kong to Honolulu, and thence to San Francisco, Los Angeles and return to Honolulu, finally delivering them to Honolulu. He had received these twenty-five tins from Kaneko at Hong-Kong, and Kaneko had given him a letter of identification addressed to a restaurant in Honolulu. On a previous trip of the Talsula Maru, Shaw had called on him on board the ship and shown him a slip of paper bearing his name, and he had handed him the letter given him by Kaneko. For some reason, the opium was not delivered on that voyage, but when the vessel returned to Honolulu on January 14th, Shaw had taken delivery of the opium and taken it ashore. Nagai had received 500 dollars on this occasion. When identified by Nagai, Shaw denied any knowledge of the transaction, but he was charged. 9. Nagai was sentenced to three years’ imprisonment and fined 1,000 dollars, which amount was taken out of 1,345 dollars found in his cabin at the time of his arrest. Shaw was released on a bond of 2,500 dollars.

No. 6 6 .—Seizure at Honolulu, February 7th, 1936. 1. 1281/388(234). No. 518. 2. Government of the United States of America, March 23rd, 1936. 3(a). Prepared opium : 37 kg. 867 grs. (1.333J oz.). 4. By the s.s. President Coolidge, coming from Hong-Kong, Shanghai, Kobe and Yokohama. 5. Person implicated : Chinese passenger on board. 7. The opium bore the “ Cock and Elephant (Lam Kee Macao) ” label. 8 . The opium was in two hundred tins, which were discovered by the Customs in searching the luggage of the accused, who was released on bond awaiting trial.

Note.—Seizures of prepared opium and dross were also made in connection with the following cases, which included seizures of other drugs and which have been summarised under corresponding headings : Cases Nos. 9, 10. 11 and 29, under “ Raw Opium ”. Case No. 6 8 , under “ Morphine ”. Case No. 92, under “ Heroin ”.

Q u a n t it ie s o f P r e p a r e d O p iu m a n d D ross s e iz e d as r e p o r t e d to t h e S e c r e t a r ia t :

Prepared Opium : Dross : 1935 1936 1935 1936 10,855 kg. 248 grs. 42 kg. 434 grs. • 62 kg. 649 grs. 85 grammes.

3. MORPHINE.

No. 67.—Seizure at New Westminster, British Columbia, on November 16th, 1935. 1. 1873/388. 2. The Canadian Advisory Officer, Geneva, February 18th, 1936. 3(a). Morphine : 43 grammes (1 oz. 223 grains). 5. Persons implicated : Harry Hudson, alias Harry Raymond, and Morris Rosen, alias Marcus. 8. Police detectives, while keeping observation on certain stores for shoplifters, received a report in connection with two men who had stolen goods from a drug store. The accused were arrested shortly after and identified by the druggist. They claimed to have come from Seattle by boat, but it was ascertained that they had registered that day in an hotel and had arrived there in a car bearing California license plates, and each carrying a bag. Upon the bags being produced, one was found to contain 55 cubes of morphine, each weighing approximately four grains. A further 112 cubes of morphine of similar weight were found in the car. 9. Hudson was sentenced to six months’ imprisonment and to a fine of 200 dollars or thirty days’ imprisonment. The Crowm withdrew the narcotics charge against Rosen, who was fined 100 dollars for shoplifting and deported to the United States. Details of the case and particulars of certain correspondence found on the accused have been communicated to the United States narcotics authorities. — 25 —

Mo. 68.—Seizure at Vancouver, January 1st, 1936. 1. 1873/388. 2. Canadian Advisory Officer, Geneva, February 18th, 1936. 2(a). Morphitie : 28 grammes (1 oz.). Prepared opium : 142 grammes (5 oz.). One hypodermic needle and one eye-dropper. 4. By the Princess Alice (Canadian Pacific Steamship Co.), arriving from Seattle. 5. Person implicated : W. H. Redmond. 7. The accused stated that the morphine was of Japanese origin. There were nomarks or labels on any of the drugs. 8. Owing to the suspicions of the Canadian authorities that supplies of morphine were being smuggled into Canada from Seattle, a special watch was set when the Princess Alice arrived. Nothing was found in Redmond’s baggage by the Customs, but the narcotics officer on special duty, noticing that Redmond had the appearance of a drug addict, stopped him. On learning that his name was Redmond—a name known in connection with the drug traffic in Vancouver—the narcotics officer decided to search him and, when so advised, Redmond produced four cold-cream jars containing the prepared opium from his pocket, together with an envelope bearing his name and address in Vancouver. This envelope contained the morphine which Redmond stated he had obtained for 100 dollars in Seattle, but he refused to disclose the source. He also refused to indicate for whom the morphine was intended in Vancouver, although he said that it was being brought in for someone else, while the opium was for his own use. 9. Redmond was released on bail of 3,000 dollars.

No. 69.—Seizures at Ghefoo in September and October 1935. 1. 2030/387(7). 2. Chinese Maritime Customs, through Mr. L. A. Lyall. Assessor to the Advisorv Committee, February 1936. 3(a). Morphine : 1 kg. 272 grs. Heroin : 386 grammes. 4. The heroin and 234 grammes of morphine were on board the Japanese Kyodo Maru No. 18, 800 grammes of morphine were on board the Japanese Shohei Maru, 130grammes of morphine on the Chinese s.s. Yunglee, and 108 grammes on the Chinese s.s. Leelung, All these vessels came from Dairen. 5. There was only one accused, a Korean passenger on board the Shohei Maru. In the other cases, there were no arrests. 7. The report states that the labels are not available. 8. There were four cases concerning morphine alone, and one case concerning heroin and morphine. 800 grammes of morphine were concealed in the double-bottom of a willow basket belonging to the Korean passenger mentioned under item 5. In the other three cases of morphine seizures, the drug was found among the passengers’ baggage on board the ship. 104 grammes of cocaine and 386 grammes of heroin were concealed inside a straw basket on board the Kyodo Maru No. 18. 9. The Korean passenger in question was handed over to the Japanese consulate.

No. 70.—Seizures at Batavia, October 10th and December 6th, 1935. 1. 20070/388. Nos. 612 and 619. 2. Netherlands Government, March 21st, 1936. 3(a). Morphine hydrochloride : 667 grammes. 5. Persons implicated : A Japanese fisherman and a Chinese merchant . 7. The morphine was found in one paper bag and in four small linen rubberised bags. 8 . In both cases the morphine w:as found during a search of the premises occupied by the accused. The Chinese declared that he had obtained the drug (222 grammes) six months previously from a Japanese for 150 florins. 9. Both cases are pending.

No. 71.—Seizure at Manila, January 17th, 1936. 1. 1281/388(229). No. 513. 2. Government of the United States of America, March 11th, 1936. 3fa>. Morphine hydrochloride : 460 grammes. 4. By the s.s. Anking (China Navigation Co., British), coming from Amoy direct. 5. Person implicated : A Chinese. 7. There were no labels. The wrappers on the containers were of thin Chinese paper. 8 . The accused was seen to board the vessel on its arrival at Manila. He was searched on leaving, and the morphine was found in his possession. He was held for prosecution. — 26 —

No. 72.—Seizure at Tambol Kasa, Amphur Chieng-San, Northern Siam, June 23rd, 1935. 1. 13229/388(2). 2. Siamese Government, January 28th, 1936. 3(a). Crude morphine : 2 kg. 116 grs. (pure morphine content : 1 kg. 797 grs.). 7. There were no marks or labels. 8 . The drug was wrapped in a piece of cloth and was found lying at the side of the road to Lampang. A suspected motor-lorry was searched and the driver questioned, but no connection with the drug could be established. The place of despatch is not known, but enquiries are proceeding.

No. 73.—Seizures in Siam during the Fourth Quarter, 1935.

1. 13229/388. 2. Siamese Government, March 2nd, 1936. 3fa;. Morphine hydrochloride : 2 kg. 225 grs. Cough pills, containing opium dross : 30. 4. 5.40 grammes were found on board the Sunso Maru (Mitsui Bussan Kaisha, Japanese), coming from Hong-Kong. 5. The accused persons were all Siamese or Chinese labourers. In two cases, there were no arrests. 7. There were no labels. 8 . There were sixty cases. Of the amount seized, 2 kg. 74 grs. were kept for purifying and 150 grammes were destroyed. 9. Fines ranged from 0.27 tical (0.40 Swiss franc) to 81.34 ticals (128 Swiss francs).

No. 74.—Seizure at Denver, Colorado, September 30th, 1935.

1. 1281/388(182). Nos. 466 and 466f a / 2. The Government of the United States of America, November 27th, 1935, and January 13th, 1936. 3fa;. Morphine hydrochloride : 0.01 gramme (* grain). Pantopon : 0.173 gramme (21 grains). Spæmalgine : 0.032 gramme (£ grain). 7. The drugs were contained in a cardboard box with the label of Hoffmann La Roche, 21 Place des Vosges, Paris. Photographs of the label are in the archives of the Secretariat. 8 . The drugs were found in the city dump by a boy. They were placed in the garage of the boy’s father, where they remained for about two years. On September 30th, 1935, they were handed over to a local physician, who brought them to the office of the District Supervisor, Bureau of Narcotics, at Denver. The French Government was advised of this case by the United States authorities and a reply from the Comptroller- General of Criminal Police at Paris stated that investigations made by the firm of Hoffmann La Roche showed that the number mentioned on the label established that the box containing the pantopon had been manufactured in July 1922 by the above firm and sold in France within three months of its manufacture. The putting into circulation of this box being anterior to the Decree of March 20th, 1930, which requires the manufacturer to inscribe a reference nuimber on each label, it has been impossible to proceed with investigations with a view to learning the name and address of the client who purchased the merchandise.

No. 75.—Seizure at Portland, Oregon, December 4th, 1935.

1. 1281/388(197). No. 481. 2.Government of the United States of America, January 7th, 1936. 3fa;. Morphine hydrochloride : 568 grammes (20 oz.). 4. By the Cuba Maru (Kawasaki Kisen, Kobe, Japanese), coming from the Far East. 5. Persons implicated : Iwanori Kinoshita, Japanese oiler on board the vessel ; Jiro Shibata, Japanese. 7. There were no identifying marks or labels. 8 . Kinoshita was apprehended as he was leaving the vessel with the morphine concealed on his person. Shortly after, Shibata was also arrested as he was leaving the vessel, and he apparently had a considerable quantity of contraband concealed under his trousers’ legs, below the knees, as his limbs had a very bulky appearance. When the Customs guards searched him and touched this part of his person, the merchandise concealed therein seemed to the guard to be the same as that concealed on Kinoshita. Shibata, however, jerked loose and ran aboard the vessel, concealing whatever — 27 —

contraband he was carrying. He was later identified and arrested for resisting and interfering with an officer in the performance of his duties. Concerted efforts to find the contraband concealed by Shibata while the vessel remained in port met with no success. 9. Both defendants were committed for trial.

No. 76.—Seizures at Tucson, Arizona, on October 4th, 1935, and at Tulsa, Oklahoma, on January 14th, 1936.

1. 1281/388(212 and 213). Nos. 496 and 497. 2. Government of the United States of America, February 29th, 1936. 3(a). Alleged morphine : 57 grammes (2 oz.). 5. Persons implicated : Tranquiliano Pacias and Enrique Ponce, both Mexicans, in the seizure at Tucson ; and William Franklin, Ernest Leslie and Lester Strickler, in the seizure at Tulsa. 7. 28 grammes were in a 1-oz. bottle bearing the label of E. Merck, Darmstadt. This label is a clumsy forgery. 28 grammes were in a tin labelled “ Laboratoires Chambretin, 50 rue Dumeslay, Paris ”. 8 . Acting on information that Pacias and Ponce were trying to purchase drugs in Nogales, Mexico, and that they were expected to leave for Tucson shortly, Customs officers apprehended them as they were entering Tucson in an automobile and found the bottle of morphine. The defendants admitted that they had bought the bottle in Nogales, Mexico, and that they intended to take it to Mexicali, Mexico, where they lived, via Nogales, Tucson and Yuma, Arizona. The contents of thebottle proved to be a very poor imitation of morphine. The United States authorities have sent a report on this case to the Mexican Government. Narcotics agents at Tulsa received information that local druggists were being approached by an apparent drug-addict with a view to selling them 1-oz. tins of morphine at 100 and 2 0 0 dollars per tin, and arranged with one of the druggists to trap the vendor, with the result that the accused were arrested after having handed over the alleged morphine to the druggist. Examination showed that the contents of the tin was chalk. The tin was wrapped in red cellophane paper, which appeared to have been bought in a “ tencent store ”. A copy of the “ Chambretin ” label is in the archives of the Secretariat. This is probably false, as the word “ Chambretin ” is in one instance spelt “ Chambretin ”, and in another, “ Chabritin ”. Strickler stated that he found the tin in a basement of a local building, but it was reported that a suit-case containing a number of these tins had been brought into Tulsa on January 11th. Investigation failed, however, to reveal the hiding-place of these tins. The defendants had planned to approach druggists offering to dispose of the 1-oz. tin of alleged morphine for several hundred dollars under the real value. Should the druggist become a party to the transaction, he would, naturally, hesitate to complain to the police after learning that he had been cheated. It is not known how far they had proceeded with their plan. 9. The case against Pacias and Ponce was dismissed and the other defendants were handed over to the State authorities, inasmuch as there was no Federal narcotics violation.

Nole.—Seizures of morphine were also made in connection with the following cases, which included seizures of other drugs and which have been summarised under corresponding headings : Case No. 4, under “ Part IIA ”, Case No. 61, under “ Prepared opium ”, Case No. 90, under “ Heroin ”.

Q u a n t it ie s o f M o r p h in e s e iz e d as r e p o r t e d to t h e S e c r e t a r ia t :

1935 1936 7 kg. 117 grs. 609 grammes

4. HEROIN.

No. 77.—Seizure at Sofia, December 18th, 1935. 1. 22723/387. 2. Bulgarian delegation, Geneva, March 4th, 1936. 3f«;. Heroin : 1 kg. 440 grs. 5. Persons implicated : Hussein El Neanay, merchant1 ; Guiglemo Mariano Cherber, agent.

1 See documents O.C.23(y), page 18, and O.C.294^, pages 6 and 7 and 12 and 13 ; O.C.294(g), pages 20, 21 and 22, Nos. 58 and 59 ; O.C.294f7U, page 7, and O.C.294fzV, page 4. — 28 —

8. Hussein El Neanay and Cherber were both arrested and the heroin found on the premises occupied by them. El Neanay had arrived at Sofia on December 9th, 1935, with 1,000 Swiss francs and a cheque for 2,000 French francs, delivered at Strasburg and payable in Paris, in his possession. Cherber had made El Neanay’s acquaintance at Prague, and these two persons were in communication with Fehti bey at Istanbul1 and with Metodi Lazoff2. It was not possible to establish the origin of the heroin, but in face of the fact that the traffickers were working with Lazoff, it is possible that the heroin belonged to him, though there is no proof of this. It was established that El Neanay and Cherber intended to export the heroin by post. To this end, they had taken care to divide it into four packets each placed inside a roll of Bulgarian newspapers which theyproposed to put indifferent letter­ boxes. They were addressed to M. S. Micheff, for M. Taneff, Prague, 32, ul Pilzenska. 9. Hussein El Neanay and Cherber were both sentenced to a fine, and are at the moment held in prison.

No. 78.—Seizure at Amoy, November 1st, 1935. 1. 2030/387(4). 2. Chinese Maritime Customs, through Mr. L. A. Lyall, Assessor to the Advisory Committee. March 1936. 3(a). Heroin : 40 grammes. 4. By the Japanese Canton Maru, coming from Keelung. 7. There were no labels. 8 . The heroin was found among the luggage of the passengers on board the vessel. There was no arrest.

No. 79.—Seizure at Lungkow, September 18th, 1935. 1. 2030/387(17). 2. Chinese Maritime Customs, through Mr. L. A. Lyall, Assessor to the Advisory Committee, February 1936. 3(a). Heroin : 368 grammes. Cocaine : 3.65 grammes. 4. By a Chinese junk, coming from Port Arthur. 5. Person implicated : A Chinese. 8 . The Chinese junk No. 9404 was searched, together with the Chinese occupant. The heroin and cocaine were found concealed on the person of the occupant, who was arrested.

No. 80.—Seizures at Peiping on February 7th and March 27th, 1934. 1. O.C./A. R. 1934/60. 2. Chinese Government in its annual report for 1934. 3(a). Heroin : 90 kg. 8 . The heroin seized on February 7th was found concealed in postal parcels mailed from a Chinese firm at Paotow, Suiyuan, to another Chinese firm at Peiping. No labels or marks were attached to the parcels. The heroin was sent to the Tientsin Customs for destruction. Prior to the seizure of the heroin on March 27th, a Chinese was observed to be moving into the premises of No. 18, Hsi Wa Ch’ang without being registered. Soon afterwards, many strangers called and a load of “ Peerless Tooth Powder ” was carried into the premises. The suspicions of the police were aroused and a search was made. The drug was found partly contained in sixty packages, each weighing 18 taels (3 kg. 23 grs.) and partly concealed in 1 ,200 tooth-powder wrappers totalling 90 kg. The consignment was declared to be shipped from Yi Cheng Fa, Tientsin, to Hsieh Hsin Tse Hao, Peiping. 9. Thirteen traffickers were brought before the court and severely punished and the contraband was destroyed.

No. 81.—Seizure at Shanghai, October 7th, 1935. 1. 2030/387(20). 2. Chinese Maritime Customs, through Mr. L. A. Lyall, Assessor to the Advisory Committee, February 1936. 3(a). Heroin hydrochloride : 6 kg. 790 grs. 4. By the s.s. Hsin Ming (Chinese), coming from Tientsin. 5. There were no arrests. 7. The heroin bore no labels.

1 See document O.C.294faU, page 12, No. 1584. * See document O.C.294(p>, page 7, No. 832. — 29 —

8 . The heroin was contained in five bags concealed among the passengers’ baggage. Two bags were concealed in two biscuit tins, two were concealed inside pillows and one was sewn up in a sheet attached to a bed quilt.

No. 82.—Seizures at the Chinese Post Office, Tientsin, in September, October and November 1935.

1. 2030/387(24). 2. Chinese Maritime Customs, through Mr. L. A. Lyall, Assessor to the Advisory Committee, February 1936. 3(a). Heroin hydrochloride : 1 kg. 524 grs. 0. Persons implicated : In eight cases, the consignors were Chinese living in Tientsin and the consignees were Chinese living in Shantung, Honan and Hopeh. In the ninth case, the consignor was not ascertainable, but the consignee was a Chinese living in Hopeh. 7. No labels were procurable. 8 . There were nine cases. In eight, the heroin was sent in an ordinary postal parcel, and, in the ninth, it was sent enclosed in a newspaper.

No. 83.—Seizure at Tientsin, on November 2nd, 1935, on the ' ‘ Tientsin Maru ”, com ing from Dairen.

1. 2030/387(24). 2. Chinese Maritime Customs, through Mr. L. A. Lyall, Assessor to the Advisory Committee, February 1936. 3(a). Heroin hydrochloride : 980 grammes. 5. Persons implicated : M. Hanamori and T. Amauo, two Japanese women. 7. No label was procurable. 8 . The two accused were apparently passengers on the Tientsin Maru and had concealed the heroin on their persons.

No. 84.—Seizure at Alexandria, ex the s.s. “ Ionia ”, on December 19th, 1935.

1. 22370/387. 2. Central Narcotics Intelligence Bureau, Cairo, February 4th, 1936. 3fa;. Heroin : 524 grammes. Hashish : 25 grammes. 4. By the s.s. Ionia, plying between Greece and Egyptian ports. 5. Persons implicated : Seven Greek sailors on board the vessel ; Vassiliki Michaelidou and Antoine Constantinou, two Greek subjects, living at Alexandria ; and Georges Moyafis, an Italian subject, living at Alexandria. 8 . Information was received by the Alexandria branch of the Bureau that seamen of the s.s. Ionia were smuggling small packets of heroin into the town. 55 grammes of heroin was contained in each packet, which was wrapped in paper and calico, enclosed in india-rubber tubes and inserted in the rectum. The informant stated that this method of smuggling was employed by these seamen about twice a week—on Thursdays on the arrival of the vessel from Greece and on Saturdays on her return from Port Said. Arrangements were made to search the said seamen, with the result that five tubes were" discovered on four of them. Their bunks were searched and various pieces of calico and tubes similar to those seized on the seamen were found in five of them. As nothing incriminating was found on two of the seamen arrested, they were returned to their ship. On one of the seamen arrested, an envelope bearing the name and address of Georges Moyafis, 4 rue Sinadinos, Mazarita, was found in his waitscoat pocket. He admitted having received the heroin at Piraeus from a Greek whose name he did not know and who told him that he should give it to another Greek who would meet him at a café opposite the Customs Gate at Alexandria, and who would give him £E1 for each tube. The Greek at Piræus had also given him the envelope and told him that should he not meet the Greek at the café, he was to hand the heroin to Moyafis. Investigation showed that the address on the envelope is a grocer’s shop belonging to a certain Evangelo Papadamianos, reputed to be a leading member of a drug-trafficking organisat ion carrying on the traffic between Greece and Egypt. All correspondence addressed to Georges Moyafis is sent to this shop, his own residence and that of Constantinou being next door. Their correspon­ dent in Greece is Georges Anghelatos, formerly a member of the crew of the Thraki, who lives at Piræus. Aleco Nicolini, Greek purser on the s.s. Ionia, is also connected with this organisation. This man was, at the time of the seizure, on leave in the Piræus. The grocer’s shop and the houses of Moyafis and Constantinou were then searched. Nothing incriminating was found in the shop of Papadamianos, who stated that Moyafis’ correspondence wras always delivered at the shop and that he knows Moyafis to be unemployed and a drug trafficker. Nothing incriminating was found — 30 —

in the house of Moyafis, but his handwriting was identical with that on the envelope found in the possession of the Greek sailor. Moyafis admitted that he frequented the café opposite the Customs Gate and his description tallies with that given to the seaman as the person to whom he should hand over the heroin. Whilst searching Constantinou’s house, a woman called Vassiliki Michaelidou was caught carrying a small bag containing 25 grammes of hashish which she stated belonged to Constan­ tinou, who admitted having received it from a Greek who came from the Isle of Symi. Several letters dealing with drug trafficking between Greece and Egypt, three of them being in the handwriting of Vassili, a well-known trafficker, and a scribbling-block, giving Negrakis’ address, were also seized at the house of Constantinou. 9. Georges Moyafis was tried by the Italian Consular Court at Alexandria and sentenced to four months’ imprisonment with the benefit of the first conviction act. Four of the Greek sailors were sentenced by the Greek Consular Court at Alexandria to twenty months’ imprisonment each and one to fourteen months’ imprisonment.

No. 85.—Seizure at Bucharest, July 16th, 1935.

1. 3833/388. 2. Roumanian Government, March 5th, 1936. 3fa;. Heroin : 1 kg. 5. Persons implicated : Nicholas Dimitroff Antonoff ; Petco Parpoff, both Bulgarians ; Ceaculoff. 8 . Antonoff and Parpoff smuggled the heroin in at the frontier of Ramadan, the smuggling being facilitated owing to the fact that Parpoff was known to the Customs officers as a former shipowner and was, in consequence, allowed to pass unsearched. The authorities in Bucharest learnt that Dimitroff Antonoff was illicitly importing heroin into Roumania, and when he and Parpoff arrived at Bucharest, they were shadowed by the police, and on July 16th were arrested in the street as they were talking to two other persons named Herman Wolf and Jory Schimmel. At the moment of their arrest, they each had 500 grammes of heroin in their possession. On being questioned, Parpoff declared that he was ignorant of the fact that the substance he had brought through the Customs was heroin, as he had been told by Dimitroff Antonoff that it was kaolin. This statement was denied by Dimitroff Antonoff, who declared that Parpoff had himself bought the heroin from Ceaculoff at Starazagora, Bulgaria, for 30,000 lei (900 Swiss francs) and 9,000 leva (324 Swiss francs). 9. Dimitroff Antonoff and Parpoff were both sentenced to seven months’ imprisonment, the time spent in preventive custody to be counted as part of the sentence, and to a fine of 10,000 lei (300 Swiss francs).

No. 8 6 .—Seizure at New Orleans, January 23rd, 1936.

1. 1281/388(226). No. 510. 2. Government of the United States of America^ March 11th, 1936. 3 fa> . Heroin : 11 grammes (171.78 grains). 5. Person implicated : Edward Shapiro,1 alias E. L. Lewis and Edward Levy. 7. There were no marks or labels. 8 . Shapiro was confined in the Federal jail at New Orleans under a thirty-month sentence in connection with the round-up of four interlocking narcotic rings on January 8 th, 1936.1 On January 22nd, 1936, another prisoner named Ballew applied at the prison store for his citizen’s clothing, but when asked to furnish the identification number, he refused. However, on the following day, he gave the number, and a check by prison officials disclosed the fact that the number covered the clothing worn into the jail by Shapiro. Their suspicions aroused, the clothing was thoroughly examined, and in each shoulder of the coat they found a rubber sack containing the above heroin. Prison officials stated that despite Shapiro’s known addiction, he was not suffering from any withdrawal of drugs from the time of his commitment to prison on January 8th, which fact indicated that he was receiving his accustomed supply of drugs. He was therefore committed to solitary confinement and immediately became ill from lack of narcotics. Several of Shapiro’s friends have been confined with him in prison lately and, as they are all drug addicts, there is a strong presumption that if Shapiro had sufficient heroin to supply his own needs he could easily have had enough to peddle to his friends in prison. He admitted that he had concealed the heroin in the coat but that no one else knew anything about it. His case has been turned over to the narcotic agents, who will report it to the Federal Grand Jury with the recommendation that he be prosecuted vigorously.

1 See documents O.C.294(f)> page 80, and O.C.294 (z), page 29, No. 1921. — 31 -

No. 87.—Seizure at New York on November 26th, 1935.

1. 1281/388(198). No. 482. 2. Government of the United States of America, January 7th, 1936. 3(a). Heroin : 0.195 gramme (3 grains). 4. By the s.s. President Roosevelt (United States Line, New York, American), coming from Hamburg. 5. Person implicated : Jack Gropper, American, steward on board. 7. There were no identifying marks or labels. 8 . Gropper was arrested by Customs agents and found in possession of the heroin, together with a hypodermic syringe and two hypodermic needles. Gropper stated that he purchased the heroin from a Chinese, at Hamburg, known as Chang, residing at 9 Shruk Strasse, Hamburg. He further stated that this establishment is commonly known as an opium den and that Chang sells narcotic drugs promiscuously in large and small quantities. The metal case containing the syringe and needles bore the trade-mark “ Hageda Ag Inside the case was a small cardboard box marked “ I.C.C. Complett, Original Record Gropper claims to have obtained the hypo­ dermic outfit on the Reeperbaumstrasse, Hamburg. 9. Gropper was held in default of bond awaiting trial.

No. 8 8 .—Principal Minor Heroin Seizures in the United States of America in October 1935. 1. 1281/388(46). 2. Government of the United States of America, January 31st, 1936. 3(a). Heroin : 599 grammes (21 oz. 47 grains). 7. 72 grammes bore the “ Kicking Mule ” label. 8 . There were 103 cases. 27 grammes were in the form of pink pills. 9. Eighty-nine cases were pending at the time of making the report. In nine cases, sentences were inflicted as follows : Four persons were sentenced to five years’, two to three years’, one to two years’, one to eighteen months’ and one to six months’ imprison­ ment. In one case, the person concerned died, in one no arrest was made and in three, the accused persons are fugitive.

No. 89. — Principal Minor Heroin Seizures in the United States of America during November 1935. 1. 1281/388(46). 2. Government of the United States of America, February 18th, 1936. 3(a). Heroin : 492 grammes (17 oz. 143 grains). Opium : 41 grammes (633 grains). Suspected morphine : 56 grammes (857 grains). 8 . There were eighty-five cases. 9. Seventy-four of these cases were pending at the time of making the report. In seven cases sentences were pronounced as follows : One of four months’, one of one year’s, one of eighteen months’, two of two years’ and two of three years’ imprisonment. In one case, the heroin was found in a penitentiary ; in another, it was found on a dead person. One of the accused persons escaped and another case was dismissed.

No. 90.—Principal Minor Heroin Seizures in the United States of America during December 1935. 1. 1281/388(46). 2. Government of the United States of America, February 29th, 1936. 3(a). Heroin : 880 grammes (30 oz. 431 grains). Morphine : 56 grammes (857 grains). 7. 58 grammes of heroin bore the “ White Horse ” label. 8 . There were seventy-four cases. 9. There were sixty-nine cases pending at the time of making the report. One person was sentenced to from one to one and a half years’ imprisonment. Two persons died and two cases were dismissed.

No. 91.—Principal Minor Seizures of Heroin in the United States of America in 1935, not previously reported. 1. 1281/388(46). 2. Government of the United States of America, January 31st, February 18th and March 23rd, 1936. 3(a). Heroin : 93 grammes (3 oz. 116 grains). — 32 —

7. 17 grammes bore the “ White Horse ” label. 8 . There were twenty-two cases. 9. Eleven cases were pending at the time of making the report, nine were dismissed, one person was sentenced to five years’ imprisonment, and one person escaped.

No. 92.—Principal Minor Heroin Seizures in the United States of America during January 1936. 1. 1281/388(46). 2. Government of the United States of America, March 23rd, 1936. 3(a). Heroin : 1 kg. 59 grs. (37 oz. 136 grains). Dross : 0.65 gramme (10 grains). 8 . There were eighty-four cases. In one case, in addition to the heroin seized, five empty boxes bearing “ White Horse ” labels, paper bags, sifter, scale and boxes for repacking were also discovered and seized. 9. Eighty cases were pending at the time of making the report. In twro cases, the accused were sentenced to one year’s and three years’ imprisonment respectively ; in one case, the accused was discharged ; and in one, the accused escaped.

No. 93.—Seizure at San Juan, Puerto Rico, April 2nd, 1935. 1. 1281/388(206). No. 490. 2. Government of the United States of America, February 8 th, 1936. 3(a). Heroin : 85 grammes (3 oz). Cocaine : 85 grammes (3 oz.). Codeine : 85 grammes (3 oz.). Salts of morphine : Amount undetermined. 5. Person implicated : Leandro Frontado Brito, native of Venezuela. 7. The heroin was in a jar bearing the label : “ The Original Preparation English Trade Mark No. 276477—Gold Medal 1913—The Saccharine Corporation, 72 Oxford Street, London, W.l The cocaine was in a jar bearing the label “ Avis de Concours Hôpital de Saint-Germain-en-Laye ” and the codeine in a jar bearing a label reading “ Hôpital d’Urologie et de Chirurgie Urinaire, 156 bis Avenue de Sufïren, XV. Metro Sèvres Lecourbe — Chef du Service : M. le Dr. T. Cathelin ”. The salts of morphine was in a box labelled “ Crème de Vaseline l’Elégante Purin ”. 8 . Brito stated that he had purchased the drugs the year before and intended to sell them for profit. 9. Brito was sentenced to two years’ imprisonment.

No. 94.—Seizure at Montevideo, February 1936. 1. 4324/388. 2. Representative of Uruguay on the Advisory Committee, March 1st, 1936. 3(a). nHeroin . ) Quantities not . given. Cocaine S ^ ° 5. Person implicated : Kamel Miglierina. 8 . Following a complaint lodged by the Pharmaceutical Section of the Pasteur Hospital to the effect that for some time it had been noticed that drugs and counterfoil books were disappearing from the store, the authorities instituted enquiries which led to the arrest of Miglierina. A search made at his house resulted in the discovery of several flasks of heroin and cocaine, and, when questioned, Miglierina confessed that he had stolen them and that he had forged the signatures of doctors in order to procure drugs, using the prescription block for that purpose. He had acted thus to obtain the drugs which were necessary for him, he being the victim of an incurable malady. He was sent to the central prison.

Note.—Seizures of heroin were also made in connection with the following cases, which included seizures of other drugs and which have been summarised under corresponding headings : Case No. 1, under “ Part IIA Case No. 5, under “ Raw Opium ”, Case No. 69, under “ Morphine ”.

Q u a n t it ie s o f H e r o in s e iz e d a s r e p o r t e d to t h e S e c r e t a r ia t :

1934 1935 1936 90 kg. 19 kg. 610 grs. 1 kg. 70 grs. — 33 —

5. COCAINE.

No. 95.—Seizure at Bor, near Geskâ Lipa, Czechoslovakia, August 23rd, 1935.

1. 22890/22153. 2. Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1935, March 20th, 1936. 3(a). Alleged cocaine : 160 grammes. 5. Persons implicated : John Brandel, cattle-dealer, and his son, John Brandel, clerk, both of Schônborn, Rumburk ; Wilibald Klan, an apprentice, of Rumburk ; Hanus May, employee of the firm of K. Richter & Co., of Rumburk ; Francis Bures, of Rumburk, employee of the Fanto petrol-station ; Hynek Schwarz, a trader, of Rumburk ; Joseph Plotz, tobacco-dealer, of Krasnâ Lipa. 8 . The two Brandels were arrested at Bor, together with Klan, as they were suspected of cocaine traffic. The alleged cocaine was found under the seat of the motor-car hired by them at Rumburk. Klan stated that the cocaine had been handed to him by May to be resold for 7,000 crowns (1,050 Swiss francs). Enquiries made from May revealed that he had bought it for 4,500 crowns (675 Swiss francs) from Bures. When inter­ rogated, Bures stated that he had bought the cocaine from Schwarz for 4,050 crowns (607 Swiss francs). Schwarz gave as the supplier of the cocaine, Joseph Plotz, from whom he had bought it for 3,600 crowns (570 Swiss francs). Plotz could not explain the origin of the drug. The Medicine Testing Institute reported that the product was not cocaine, but an artificial substance called percaine. 9. May, Schwarz, Bures and Plotz were sentenced to a fine of 200 crowns (30 Swiss francs) each or three days’ imprisonment, with a provisional suspension of the penalty for one year. The two Brandels and Klan were reported to the Ce ska Lipa district court, but on the proposal of the Public Prosecutor’s Office, criminal proceedings were transferred to the district authority, where they are not yet closed.

No. 96.—Seizure at Ghomutov, Czechoslovakia, June 26th, 1935.

1. 22890/22153. 2. Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1935, March 20th, 1936. 3(a). Cocaine : 200 grammes. 5. Persons implicated : Anthony Kunz, of Kryst Hamrv ; Anthony Zahn, of Vejperty ; Vincent Schreiber, of Pnsecnice. 8. The cocaine was seized in the possession of the accused, who stated that they had bought it from an unknown foreigner. 9. The three accused were each fined 8,000 crowns (1,200 Swiss francs). The result of the criminal investigation opened at the Chomutov district court has not yet been reported to the Central Bureau.

No. 97.—Seizure at Ghomutov, Czechoslovakia, July 30th, 1935.

1. 22890/22153. 2. Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1935, March 20th, 1936. 3(a). Alleged cocaine : 55 grammes. 5. Persons implicated : Ernest Bog ; Oskar Silbenànger ; Oskar Hermann, of Annaberg, Saxony. 8. The drug was found in the possession of Bog. It had been smuggled over to him at his request from Germany by Silbenànger and sent by Hermann. This was ascertained through the Saxon Customs officials, who were also given a sample taken from the tube seized. According to a test made by the German Research Institute, the drug is percaine, a more powerful drug than cocaine. 9. Bog paid a fine of 12,000 crowns (1,800 Swiss francs) and Silbenànger a revenue fine of 1,000 crowns (150 Swiss francs). The proceedings in the criminal court and before the district authorities are not yet terminated.

No. 98.—Attempted Cocaine Traffic at Frenstat, near Radhost, Czechoslovakia, February 1935.

1. 22890/22153. 2. Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic for 1935, March 20th, 1936. White starch powder purporting to be cocaine : 1 kg. 5. Persons implicated : Roman Michna and his son Bohumir ; Robert Augustin, engineer. 8. Michna stated that he had received a visit from a stranger representing himself to be one Gajdusek, Augustin’s concierge, and bringing him a letter from Augustin asking to be — 34 —

supplied with 1 kg. of cocaine and promising him a position as concierge and a sum of 400 crowns (60 Swiss francs), in addition to the money to be paid for the cocaine. Michna, who had met Augustin when the latter was employed at the Vitkovice Works, obtained the powder for him. Not finding Augustin, he ascertained his address and wrote to him. The authorities were informed of the letter and searched Michna’s house. There they found 1 kg. of a white powder in two bottles and Michna confessed that he had bought the so-called cocaine through his son for 2,440 crowns (366 Swiss francs) from an unknown individual. The powder was not cocaine but starch powder. 9. The case is pending.

No. 99.—Attempt to obtain Cocaine by Certain Individuals in the Hlucin District, Czechoslovakia, April 1935. 1. 22890/22153. 2. Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic for 1935, March 20th, 1936. 5. Persons implicated : Joseph Podoba, of Ostrava ; Richard Bartlik, of Hatë ; Andëlin Dudek, of Darkovice ; and Gerson, of Ratibor, Germany. 8 . The authorities of the Hlucin District informed the Op a va Finance Department that the proceedings in an action brought by Podoba against Richard Bartlik, of Hatë, regarding payment of 3,000 crowns, had shown that the money had been given for the purchase of cocaine. Bartlik had sent the money to Dudek, who had said that he knew a man who would supply the cocaine. Dudek left with the money for Ratibor, Germany, where he handed it to Gerson, who was to obtain the cocaine. Gerson, however, neither obtained it nor handed it over, but kept the money for himself. 9. For fraudulent export of currency, Dudek was sentenced to a fine of 1,000 crowns (150 Swiss francs). In lieu of the fine, he, and also Bartlik, were given four days’ imprisonment.

No. 100.—Illicit Sale of Cocaine by a Pharmacy at Prague, May 1935. 1. 22890/22153. 2. Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic for 1935. March 20th, 1936. 3Ca;. Cocaine : 500 grammes. 5. Persons implicated : Charles Cejka,1 pharmacist at Prague ; Frances Chvalovskÿ and Rose Polâckovâ. 7. The cocaine bore the label of the firm of Dr. Ing. Robert Heisler, of Chrast, Czechoslovakia. 8 . The authorities were confidentially informed that Cejka was illicitly selling cocaine. On May 16th, acting on further information, detectives followed Cejka and arrested him and the other two accused outside the Central Post Office. The cocaine was found in the possession of Cejka. 9. Cejka was sentenced to a fine of 1,000 crowns (150 Swiss francs) and Chvalovskÿ to 250 crowns (37.50 Swiss francs).

No. 101.—Illicit Traffic at Prague by Rudolf Jungwirth, June 17th and October 4th, 1935. 1. 22890/22153. 2. Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1935, March 20th, 1936. 3(a). Cocaine : 4 grammes and 11 packets. 5. Persons implicated : Rudolf Jungwirth, private employee ; Joseph Volkân.1 8 . On June 17th, 1935, Jungwirth was arrested in possession of 3 grammes of cocaine which he said he had obtained from Volkân for 12 crowns (1.80 Swiss francs) a gramme and which he intended to sell for 20 crowns (3 Swiss francs). He was again arrested on October 4th, 1935, in a bar, as he was handing a small dose of cocaine to Volkân, which Volkân immediately took. In addition, Jungwirth gave Volkân two small packets which contained about 1 gramme of cocaine. When arrested, Jungwirth denied having supplied Volkân with cocaine, but a leather purse containing eleven small packets was found in the bar. Jungwirth declared later that the cocaine was his and that he had bought it from Zdenëk Benes, of Prague.2 9. Both cases are still pending.

No. 102.—Illicit Traffic by Joseph Krehlik, at Prague, October 3rd, 1935. 1. 22890/22153. 2. Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1935, March 20th, 1936. 5. Person implicated : Joseph Krehlik, a porter.

1 See Case No. 102 of this document. 1 See document O.C.294(a:;, page 37, No. 1684. — 35 — g Information reached the authorities that Krehlik was selling cocaine at a café in Prague. Krehlik admitted having sold the cocaine, which he stated he obtained from an unknown visitor to the café. No cocaine was found on Krehlik at the time of his arrest. 9. The case is pending.

No. 103.—Illicit Traffic in Cocaine at Prague, October 1935.

1. 22890/22153. 2. Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1935, March 20th, 1936. 3(b). Cocaine : 100 packets. 5. Persons implicated : Jarmila Gra canin, of Sarajevo, Yugoslavia ; Frohlich, of Karlsbad. 8. Jarmila Gra canin was arrested for unlawfully returning to Czechoslovakia, and enquiries revealed that she was earning her living by selling narcotics bought, as she asserted, from Frohlich. It proved impossible to obtain further information regarding this individual. Gra canin was in the habit of selling narcotic drugs at cafés in Prague and had carried on this occupation from 1930 to 1934. She was unable to continue in 1934 and the first half of 1935, as she was in prison pending trial. On October 21st, 1935, she received from Frohlich, at Karslbad, the last 100 packets of cocaine. Gra canin was kept in custody pending judgment.

No. 104.—Illicit Traffic at Prague by Zdenëk Benes and Others, October and November 1935.

1. 22890/22153. 2. Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1935, March 20th, 1936. 3raj. Cocaine : | gramme and 10 capsules. (b). Cocaine : 12 kg. 878 grs. 5. Persons implicated : Zdenëk Benes, former chemist j1 Joseph Volkân,2 Walter Grâf, former cloakroom attendant ; Zdenëk Trnobransky, a qualified chemist ; Charles Trnka,3 a qualified chemist. 8. On October 4th, 1935, detectives arrested Volkân in front of a café at Prague and a per­ sonal search revealed him to be in possession of a small tin containing 10 capsules of cocaine. Volkân stated that he obtained the cocaine from Benes that evening and that he had paid 150 crowns (22.50 Swiss francs) for it. On November 4th, 1935, detectives arrested Graf and a tube containing \ gramme of cocaine was found on him. He also stated that he had obtained the cocaine from Benes, from whom he had already made several purchases. Investigations made at Benes’ showed that he bought cocaine from the chemist Cejka 4 and from several other pharmacies on the strength of the medical prescriptions of Dr. Boruvka. He also bought cocaine from Trno­ bransky and later arranged with him that he would sell him cocaine in larger doses, even without a prescription. In one year, Benes bought about 200 grammes in 10-15 gramme doses at 18 crowns (2.70 Swiss francs) a gramme. Since July 1935, Benes purchased cocaine from Trnobransky in 100-gramme doses for 1,150 crowns (172.50 Swiss francs), in this way purchasing about 300 grammes. Trnobransky admitted that he had sold Benes about 700 grammes without any medical prescription. Detailed enquiries into the case of Benes later revealed that, in addition to other sources for his purchases of cocaine, his chief supplier was Charles Trnka. An exami­ nation was accordingly carried out at this pharmacy and it was found that the entries of sales of poisons had never been complete, particularly as regards cocaine. The cocaine purchases book showed a total purchase of 675 grammes on the basis of the delivery vouchers of the big chemists Medica, Kosnâr, etc. ; the register of cocaine consumed and sold showed a consumption of 714.50 grammes and there were 17 grammes in stock. Thus the sales and stock exceeded the purchases by 56.5 grammes. An inspection was therefore immediately made at the premises of the chemists who supplied Trnka, and it was found that, from the beginning of 1935 up to October 7th, 1935, Trnka had bought 12 kg. 910 grs. of cocaine. The unrecorded consumption was, therefore, 12 kg. 178 grs. Trnka could not explain or give any proper reasons for the difference, and he was accordingly sent before the Prague district court. 9. The case is still pending.

1 See document O .C .2 9 4 ^ , page 37, No. 1684, and No. 99 of this document. 2 See Case No. 99 of th is document. 3 See document O.C.294fz;, page 28, No. 1917 and page 6 of this document. 4 See Case No. 98 of this document. — 36 —

No. 105.—Illicit Traffic in Alleged Cocaine at Skrochovice, Czechoslovakia, Januaryl9 3 5 .

1. 22890/22153. 2. Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1935, March 20th, 1936. 3(a). Alleged cocaine : 20 grammes. 5. Persons implicated : Leopold Levâk ; Bohumir Jedlicka, a retired farmer ; Jaroslav Zâtopka, an inn-keeper, of Hodonovice. 8 . Levâk borrowed 2,450 crowns (367.50 Swiss francs) from Jedlicka and secretly took this money to Germany to an inhabitant of Branic, who was to procure him 1 kg. of cocaine. The latter undertook for this amount to bring only 20 grammes and handed over a tin fdled with some kind of powder to Levâk at the frontier between Germany and Czechoslovakia at Skrochovice. Levâk appears to have handed on the tin to Jedlicka and Zâtopka, who had the contents examined by Dr. A. Kohanÿ, of Orlova. The latter found that the powder had no cocaine content. 9. The Finance Department decided not to take proceedings for the illicit importation of cocaine and merely fined Levâk for the export of currency.

No. 106.—Seizure at Calcutta, November 28th, 1935.

1. 22458/387. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, February 17th. 1936. 3(a). Cocaine : 156 grammes (5 oz. 220 grains). 4. On board the s.s. Kul Sang (Messrs. Jardine Skinner & Co.), coming from Osaka, Kobe, Moji, Hong-Kong, Singapore. 5. Person implicated : A Chinese fireman on board. 7. The cocaine was contained in one rubber balloon, which bore no label or other distinguishing mark. 9. The accused was sentenced to one year’s rigorous imprisonment.

No. 107.—Seizure on the “ Hong Peng ” at Rangoon on November 13th, 1935.

1. 22056/387. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 16th, 1936. 3fa;. Cocaine hydrochloride : Information concerning the quantity to be furnished later. 4. On the s.s. Hong Peng (Chip Hwat & Co., Rangoon), coming from Amoy, Swatow, Hong- Kong, Singapore and Penang. 5. Persons implicated : An Indian coolie and a Chinese member of the crew of the vessel. 7. 2 kg. 769 grs. bore the following label : “ 25-oz. Cocain. hydrochloric, puriss. Boehringer Ph. G. V. Austr. VIII, Ned. IV Helv. Brit. U. Jap. III. C. F. Boehringer & Soehne Mannheun ”, previously declared by the German authorities to be false. The rest bore no label. 8 . 682 grammes were found in the double panelling between the carpenter’s room and the hospital on board the vessel. 2 kg. 769 grs. were found in the baggage enclosure at Sule Pagoda Wharf No. 5 and the rest were found in the possession of the two above-mentioned accused, the first one being caught at the gangway trying to leave the vessel with the tin of cocaine concealed about his waist. He stated that this tin had been given him by the second accused, who was found in the saloon in the poop. On searching this place, another tin of cocaine was found concealed in the folds of a blanket between the two pillows on which the accused had been lying. 9. One of the accused was sentenced to six months’ rigorous imprisonment and the other to one year’s rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs.500. In lieu of the fine, the second accused was ordered to undergo an additional six months’ rigorous imprisonment.

No. 108.—Seizure at Rangoon, December 31st, 1935.

1. 22458/387. 2. Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, February 17th, 1936. 3fa;. Cocaine : 24 grammes (0.88 oz.). 4. On the s.s. Karapara (Messrs. Mackinnon Mackenzie & Co. (Burma) Ltd.), coming from Singapore and Penang. 7. There were no marks or labels. 8 . The cocaine was found in the metal buoyancy tank of one of the rafts of the vessel. It was contained in two small bottles. There were no arrests. — 37 —

No. 109.—Seizure at Rotterdam, November 6th, 1935. 1. 661/388(2). No. 607. 2. Netherlands Government, January 29th, 1936. 3(a). Cocaine hydrochloride : 25 grammes. 5. Persons implicated : Ilja Raikoff, Russian, living at Rotterdam. Gerard Schroeyers, of Rotterdam. 8. Raikoff was arrested after having tried to sell the cocaine in an hotel for 1.75 francs the gramme. He stated that he was acting for Schroeyers, a well-known smuggler, who admitted that he knew Raikoff but denied having traded with him. 9. The case is pending.

No. 110.—Seizure at New York, August 21st, 1935. 1. 1281/388(191). No. 473. 2. Government of the United States of America, January 3rd, 1936. 3(a). Crude cocaine : 3 grammes (48 grains). 7. The cocaine bore no mark or label. 8. A representative of Gillespie & Co., New York, surrendered the cocaine to the authorities, stating that it had been received by that company on July 24th, 1935, in an air-mail letter from G. Berckemeyer & Co., Villalta, 264-266, Lima, Peru, together with a letter stating that the sample was 80% pure, and offering to supply a lot of 120 kg. at 90 dollars per kg. The drug was obviously regarded by the South American Company as being included in the general line of merchandise, without knowledge of the fact that it is prohibited entry into the United States. The envelope in which the cocaine had been contained had been destroyed and it was impossible to determine whether the package was passed in error or inadvertently delivered by Post Office authorities without first being submitted to Customs officers for examination. The sample of cocaine was confiscated and the firm of Berckemeyer & Co. was informed through diplomatic channels that the import into the United States of the derivatives of the coca leaf is prohibited and that all drugs imported in violation of the law are subject to seizure.

Note.—Seizures of cocaine were also made in connection with the following cases, which included seizures of other drugs and which have been summarised under corresponding headings : Cases Nos. 58 and 61, under “ Prepared Opium ”. Cases Nos. 79, 93 and 94, under “ Heroin ”.

Q u a n t it ie s o f C o c a in e s e iz e d as r e p o r t e d to t h e S e c r e t a r ia t : 1935 1936 1 kg. 8 grs. 43 grammes.

6. INDIAN HEMP. No. 111.—Illicit Traffic by the Sheroud Brothers, of Port Said, August 1933to November 1935.

1. 22260/387. 2. Central Narcotics Intelligence Bureau, Cairo, January 28th, 1936. 3(a). Hashish : 33 grammes. Opium : 8 grammes. 5. Persons implicated : Ahmed Ali Sheroud ; Mahmoud Ali Sheroud ; Taufik Ali Sheroud and six others. 8. The three Sheroud Brothers opened a shop at Port Said ostensibly for the purpose of selling cigarettes and haberdashery. Police raids were conducted on several occasions and the three brothers transferred their base of operations to a coffee-shop opposite. This coffee-shop was raided several times, with the result that on August 8th, 1933, an Egyptian was arrested there with 8 grammes of opium and 3.4 grammes of hashish in his possession. On the occasion of another raid in December 1933, another Egyp­ tian was arrested with 2 grammes of hashish in his possession. As a consequence of these raids, the coffee-shop was handed over to a certain Hussen Mohd. Shalata, acting on behalf of Ahmed Ali Sheroud. It was raided by the police on March 20th, 1935, and a quantity of 5.8 grammes of hashish seized in the possession of Shalata’s assistant. Both he and Shalata were arrested. The Sheroud Brothers then obtained the assistance of another Egyptian and opened another coffee-shop in the same street, where hashish-smoking was indulged in by clients. On November 12th, 1935, this coffee-shop was raided and Taufik Ali Sheroud was arrested in possession of 22 grammes of hashish. At the time of Taufik’s arrest, his brother, Mahmoud Ali Sheroud, attempted to rescue him and a brawl ensued, with the result that Mahmoud Ali Sheroud and several others were also arrested. — 38 —

9. Taufik Ali Sheroud was sentenced to two years’ imprisonment and a fine of £E300 (5,278 Swiss francs). Mahmoud Ali Sheroud and two other Egyptians were sentenced to two months’ imprisonment for assaulting the police. The two Egyptians arrested in 1933 were sentenced in that year to one year’s and three years’ imprisonment respectively and Shalata and his assistant each to one year’s imprisonment.

No. 112.—Seizures at Brownsville, Texas, July 5th ; at Bluffton, Indiana, October 2nd and 4th ; at Azuca, California, October 11th ; and at New Orleans, Louisiana, November 24th, 1935.

1. 1281/388(190, 192, 193 and 194). Nos. 474, 476, 477 and 478. 2. Government of the United States of America, January 3rd, 1936. 3(a). Cannabis : 508 kg. 131 grs. (1,118 lb.). Cannabis cigarettes : 10,000. 5. Persons implicated : At Brownsville : John 0. Conlan, alias W. M. Ryah ; and Adam Smith, alias Alvia Prajensky, alias J. J. Mitchell. At Bluffton : Albert Galban, Frank Contres and Mike Hernandez, all Mexicans. At Azuca : Donald E. Ramsey, Edward Dobrinen, Toby Whidden, Pedro Lugo, Jesus Roigos, Antonio Figueroz, Frank Vasquez, Roque Vasquez and Mrs. Polita Vasquez. At New Orleans : Robert Williams and William Gayce, Jr. 7. There were no marks or labels. 8. 99 kg. 990 grs. of cannabis were shipped from Tampico, Mexico, by Adam Smith, addressed to John Conlan, at Brownsville, in a carload of fresh pineapples. 203 kg. 616 grs. were seized as a result of the authorities at Bluffton having received information that a number of schoolchildren were smoking cannabis cigarettes. A check was made of all Mexican labourers working on sugar-beet farms in the vicinity and Contres and Galban were discovered stripping the leaves from cannabis plants in a shack on a farm. Two days later, Hernandez was arrested at a farm in the vicinity and 152 kg. 712 grs. of cannabis seized, part of which was growing and part harvested. At Azuca, Ramsey, Dobrinen and Whidden approached an under-cover agent of the Narcotics Force and proposed co-operation respecting a large cannabis factory. As soon as the agent discovered the location of the plant, he arrested the three persons and the plantation was raided. A number of plants had already been harvested and laid out to dry, while there were still about 309 plants under cultivation, growing between rows of cornstalks. The other accused were then taken into custody. The cigarettes were found by the police at New Orleans when raiding the premises occupied by Williams and Gayce. They were packed in ten tin bread-boxes and concealed under the flooring of a second story hallway. 9. Conlan and Smith were held in default of 5,000 and 25,000 dollar bonds, respectively, awaiting trial. Contres and Galban wrere sentenced to ninety days’ imprisonment each and a fine of 50 dollars. Being unable to pay the fine, they were sentenced to the State Farm for one hundred and fifty days each. Hernandez was sentenced to ninety days’ imprisonment, the sentence being suspended on the condition that he takes his family and moves from the vicinity. All the defendants in the Azuca case were held for violation of the State Prison Act and will be prosecuted. Williams and Gayce will also be prosecuted.

No. 113.—Seizure at Clarksdale, Mississippi, November 12th, 1935.

1. 1281/388(199). No. 483. 2. Government of the United States of America, January 13th, 1936. 3(a). Cannabis : 2 kg. 386 grs. (5| lb.). Cannabis plants and seeds : A small quantity. 5. Person implicated : Henry Lewis, American negro. 8. Lewis was arrested with about J lb. of cannabis ready for smoking in his possession. A search of his premises revealed about 5 lb. of cannabis in prepared form contained in several jars, and a quantity of plants and seeds not yet ground for smoking. The defendant admitted that he had been growing the cannabis on a small plot in his back­ yard, the seed having been given him by an unknown person, who smuggled it from New Orleans. 9. Lewis was sentenced to sixty days in jail and fined 100 dollars.

No. 114.—Seizures at Greenwich Township, Gloucester County, New Jersey, on January 3rd, and at Binghamton, New York, on January 14th, 1936.

1. 1281/388(216 and 218). Nos. 500 and 502. . 2. Government of the United States of America, February 29th, 1936. 3(a). Cannabis : 27 kg. 355 grs. (60 lb. 3 oz.). Cannabis cigarettes : 300. 39 —

5, Persons implicated : George Williams, a native of Puerto Rico ; and Alonzo Reynolds. g. Both cases were discovered by the police, acting on information received. 27 kg. 270 grs. of cannabis in bulk form were found in Williams’ house at Greenwich Township. Williams admitted that he had been cultivating cannabis from seeds obtained from a Filipino sailor. The plants, wdiich were destroyed, appeared to be carefully culti­ vated, reaching a height of five or six feet. 85 grammes of cannabis and the cigarettes were found in the possession of Reynolds, who had been dispensing cannabis cigarettes in Binghamton. The cannabis was destroyed in both cases. 9. Williams was held in default of bail awaiting trial and Reynolds was sentenced to serve seven months in Broome County Jail Farm.

No. 115.—Seizure at San Antonio, Texas, July 6th, 1935. 1. 1281/388(231). No. 515. 2. Government of the United States of America, March 23rd, 1936. 3(a). Cannabis : 18 growing plants, weighing 90 kg. 900 grs. (200 lb.). 5. Person implicated : Alfred Favella. 8. Favella was arrested for possession of the field containing the above plants. The stalks of the plants ranged from 12 to 14 feet in height. The seed had been planted in the spring of 1935 and had been extensively cultivated by the owner. The entire field of cannabis wras destroyed and the defendant was held for prosecution.

No. 116.—Seizures in Various Places in the States of Ohio and Colorado, U.S.A., during September, October and November 1936. 1, 1281/388(224, 225, 227, 228 and 230). Nos. 508, 509, 511, 512 and 514. 2. Government of the United States of America, March 11th, 1936. 3(a). Cannabis : 3,526 kg. 920 grs. (7,760 lb.). Cannabis cigarettes : 100 cigarettes. 5. Persons implicated : Florentine Garcia, Jesus Fierro, Louis Gonzalez, Antonio Navarro, Pedro Mandez, Pedro Nieto, Salvador Capetilla, Harry Horlendez and Rafael Tolento, all Mexicans ; Andrew Chavez and Edmond Ignatis. 8. There were seven cases. On October 18th, police-officers at Lorain, Ohio, arrested Garcia and Fierro and seized two truck loads of cannabis plants, stalks and leaves, weighing about 1,524 kg. net. On October 1st, Toledo police-officers searched the premises occupied by Gonzalez and Navarro and found cannabis concealed there. Both persons were arrested, and on October 10th a further search was made and more cannabis discovered, making a total of 427 kg. 230 grs. seized in all. On September 17th, local enforcement officers discovered a field of cannabis growing in the centre of a cornfield near Elgin, Ohio, belonging to Mandez, who was arrested and the cannabis destroyed. On September 19th, the same officers found another field of cannabis in the same locality belonging to Nieto. On September 20th, they destroyed another cannabis plantation belonging to Capetilla and Horlendez and seized 277 kg. 245 grs. of cured cannabis. On October 2nd, the officers found 90 kg. 900 grs. of cannabis concealed in the farmhouse of Tolento. On November 27th, police-officers at Denver, Colorado, arrested Chavez with 68 kg. 175 grs. of cannabis in his possession, and on October 22nd, police-officers at Youngstowrn, Ohio, arrested Ignatis with the cannabis cigarettes in his possession. 9. Garcia and Fierro were each sentenced to a fine of 50 dollars and costs. They were committed to the County Jail until the fines and costs were paid. Gonzalez and Navarro were each sentenced to a year’s imprisonment ; Mandez and Nieto each to a fine of 25 dollars and costs ; Capetilla and Horlendez each to a fine of 50 dollars and costs ; Tolento was held in default of bond awaiting trial ; Chavez was held for prose­ cution and Ignatis wras sentenced to serve from one to five years in the penitentiary.

Note.— Seizures of hashish were also made in connection with the following cases, which included seizures of other drugs and which have been summarised under corresponding headings : Case No. 18, under “ Raw Opium ”. Case No. 84, under “ Heroin ”,

Q u a n t it ie s o f I n d ia n -H e m p D r u g s s e iz e d as r e p o r t e d to t h e S e c r e t a r ia t :

1935 1936 Cannabis .: 601 kg. 417 grs. 3,554 kg. 275 grs. and 10,000 cigarettes. and 400 cigarettes. Hashish : 58 grammes. 5 kg. 120 grs. — 40 —

7. MISCELLANEOUS. No. 117.—Seizure of Novocaine at Opava, January 7th, 1934. 1. 22890/22153. 2. Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1935, March 20th, 1936. 3 fa). Novocaine : 400 grammes. 5. Persons implicated : Reinhard Plachtzik, of Opava ; Henry Purschke, of Krnov ; Francis Peikert. 7. Judging by the original packing, the novocaine came from the firm of Meister Lucius Brtining Hôchst, Germany. 8. The novocaine was seized in the house of a secret informer. It had been brought there by a stranger, who left before the arrival of the detectives. An enquiry was opened and led to the arrest of Plachtzik, who stated that he had brought the drug from Germany, with Peikert’s aid, for Purschke. 9. The Opava Finance Department decided not to take criminal proceedings for a revenue offence against Plachtzik, on his paying a fine of 560 crowns (84 Swiss francs) ; or against Peikert, on his serving eighteen days’ imprisonment in lieu of a fine of 3,552 crowns (532 Swiss francs) ; or against Purschke, on his serving five days’ imprisonment in lieu of a fine of 560 crowns. The Moravskâ Ostrava district court sentenced Plachtzik to a fine of 100 crowns (15 Swiss francs) or, should this not be paid, to five days’ imprisonment, with temporary suspension of execution. No. 118.—Seizure at Asbury Park, New Jersey, January 27th, 1936. 1. 1281/388(233). No. 517. 2. Government of the United States of America, March 23rd, 1936. 3(a). Codeine sulphate : 273 grammes (9.63 oz.). 5. Persons implicated : John Quatrano, Carney Siciliano, both Americans ; Jacob Goldberg, Russian. 7. There were no marks or labels. 8. After negotiations between narcotics agents in Philadelphia and Goldberg and Siciliano at Asbury Park, the agents proceeded to Asbury Park, where they met Quatrano and purchased the codeine. Quatrano was immediately arrested and Siciliano was arrested in February. Goldberg has not yet been apprehended. The defendants represented the codeine as morphine hydrochloride ; it was impossible to ascertain the origin of the codeine and whether it had been stolen, diverted from internal legitimate sources or smuggled into the United States. 9. Quatrano and Siciliano were released on bond awaiting trial.

PART III. AMOUNTS OF THE VARIOUS DRUGS SEIZED IN EACH COUNTRY AS REPORTED IN THE ANNUAL REPORTS FOR 1934 RECEIVED BY THE SECRETARIAT. Since the publication of the table on pages 44-45 of document O.C.294fz/ the annual reports for 1934 for Australia, the Malay States (Federated and Unfederated) and the Straits Settlements have been received by the Secretariat. The following figures should therefore be added to the table :

Raw opium Prepared Cocaine opium Dross Morphine Heroin

kg. grs. kg. grs. kg. grs. kg. grs. kg. grs. kg. grs. Australia ...... 42 34 170 3 160 2 7 999 Malay States (Federated) .. 1 3 340 Malay States (Unfederated) 390 1 680 2 Straits Settlements 200 1 105 18 making for the year 1934 a total of Raw opium Prepared opium Dross Morphine Heroin kg. grs. kg. grs. kg. grs. kg. grs. kg. grs. 34 372 369 9 207 928 84 12 236 21 499 226

Cocaine Indian hemp Hashish Ganja Dagga kg. grs. kg. grs. kg. grs. kg. grs. kg. grs. 118 359 526 44 2 724 103 151 438 10 015 773 Bhang Manzoul kg. grs. kg. grs. Marihuana cigarette» Narcotic pills 130 442 16 194 72 kg. 800 grs., 588 kg. 413 grs., in addition to in addition to 132 cigarettes 507 023 pills QUESTIONNAIRE REFERRING TO PART II.

1. Documents issued and Registry dossier No. 2. Reported by. 3. Kind and quantity of drugs (a) seized or (b) involved in the illicit transaction. 4. Origin of drugs. Where drugs shipped. Method of transportation, and destination. Route followed. Nationality, name and owners of ship involved. 5. Names of consignor, consignee and addressee, or other persons implicated. 6. Forwarding agents and other persons or firms whose names appear in connection with the case. 7. Name of manufacturer of drugs ; labels, marks, packing, etc. 8. Additional details. 9. Legal proceedings and penalties. — 41 —

INDEX TO LOCALITIES

Country and Locality Date Country and Locality Dale Page British Colonies Netherlands (continued) : Hong-Kong August 13th, 1935 ...... 8-9 Cheribon October 17th,1935 14 October 1935 ...... 9,17 Muntok November 13th, 1935 14- 15 November 19th, 1935 .. 7 Palembang November8 th, 1935 ... 19 November 1935...... 9,17 New Zealand : December 1935 ..10,17,18 Dunedin Mav 25th, 1935 ...... 4 Penang October 1935 ...... 10 November 1935...... 10 Philippine Islands : June & July 1935 ...... 19 December 1935 ...... 18 Iloilo November 1st, 1935 .... 19 Singapore October 1935 ...... 18 Manila November 25th, 1935 .. 19 November 1935...... 10 January 17th, 1936 .... 25 December 1935 ...... 18 Poland : Bulgaria : Lwow October 1933 ...... 3 Sofia December 18th, 1935 27 Warsaw December 11th, 1933 . . . 3 December 1934 ...... 6 Canada : New Westminster November 16th, 1935 .. 24 Portuguese Colonies : Vancouver December 19th, 1935 .. . 18 Macao September 1935 ...... 19 January 1st, 1936 ...... 25 October 1935 ...... 19--20 China : November 9th, 1935 15 Amoy November 1st, 1935 .... 28 November 1935...... 20 November 12th, 1935 .. 11 December 1935 ...... 20 November 14th, 1935 .. 11 Roum ania : December 14th, 1935 . .. 11 Bucharest Julv 16th, 1935 ...... 30 Chefoo September & October, S ia m : 3rd quarter, 1935 ...... 20 1935 ...... 25 4th quarter, 1935 ...... 26 Lappa November - December Chiengrai January 9th, 1935 ...... 20 1935...... 11 Tambol Kasa June 23rd, 1935 ...... 26 Lungkow September 18th, 1935 .. 28 Peiping February 7th, 1934...... 28 Turkey : March 27th, 1934 ...... 28 Between Turkey Shanghai January 17th,1934 .... 11 and Ethiopia* 1934-1935 ...... 4 October 7th, 1935 ... 28-29 U nited States of November 1st, 1935 . . . . 11 A m erica : October 1935 ...... 31 French Concession November 13th, 1935 .. 7 November 1935...... 31 International December 1935 ...... 31 Settlement November 21st, 1935 . .. 8 In 1935...... 31--32 December 13th, 1935 . .. 8 January 1936 ...... 32 Shanhaikuan January 5th, 1934 ...... 11 Asbury Park January 27th, 1936 .... 40 Tientsin September, October & Azuca October 11th, 1935 ...... 38 November 1935...... 29 Baltimore November 19th, 1935 .. 15 November 2nd, 1935 . . . 29 Bayonne December 27th, 1935 . .. 16 Wuhu October 23rd, 1934 .. 11-12 February 7th, 1936...... 16 Czechoslovakia Binghamton January 14th, 1936 . 38-39 Bor August 23rd, 1935 ...... 33 Bluffton October 4th & 5th, 1935 38 Chomutov June 26th, 1935 ...... 33 Boston October 1935 ...... 20 -21 July 30th, 1935 ...... 33 Brooklyn December 19th, 1935 . .. 16 Frenstat February 1935 ...... 33 Brownsville July 5th, 1935 ...... 38 Hlucin April 1935 ...... 34 Chicago March 16th, 1935 ...... 3 Opava January 7th, 1934 ...... 40 October 31st, 1935 ...... 21 Prague May 1935 ...... 34 Clarksdale November 12th, 1935 .. 38 June 17th, 1935 ...... 34 Denver September 30th, 1935 26 October 3rd, 1935 .. .34-35 Greenwich January 3rd,1936 . . 38-39 October 4th, 1935 ...... 34 Los Angeles January 29th,1936 .... 21 October 25th, 1935 ...... 12 New Orleans June 23rd, 1935 ...... 4 October 1935 ...... 35 November 21st, 1935 ... 21 October & November November 24th, 1935 .. 38 1935 ...... 35 January 23rd,1936 .... 30 In 1935...... 5 New York August 21st, 1935 ...... 38 Skrochovice January 1936 ...... 36 November 26th, 1935 .. 31 Vejperty November-December January 10th,1936 .... 16 1934 ...... 4 Miami Julv 9th, 1935 ...... 4 E g y p t : Portland December 4th, 1935 . 26-27 21 Alexandria December 19th, 1935 . 29-30 Priest River October 10th, 1935 ...... Sacramento November 9th, 1935 21 January 6th, 1936 ...... 12 39 Port Said August 1933-November San Antonio July 6th, 1935 ...... San Francisco May 17 th, 1935 ...... 5 1935 37 5 January 2nd, 1936 ...... 12 June 5th, 1935 ...... San Juan October 8th, 1935 ...... 22 January 3rd, 1936 ...... 13 22 January 4th, 1936 ...... 13 Staten Island January 25th,1936 .... Tucson October 4th, 1935 ...... 27 January 10th,1936 .... 13 22 January 27th, 1936 .13-14 January 1936 ...... Honduras : Tulsa January 14th,1936 .... 27 November 2nd, 1935 . 22-23 Tegucigalpa July 30th, 1928 Wellton Hilo, Hawaii December 18th, 1935 .. . 23 India : Honolulu May 18th, 1935 ...... 3 Bombay November 1st, 1935 . . 14 November 15th, 1935 . . 23 Calcutta November 28 th, 1935 36 December 19th, 1935 . . . 23 Rangoon November 13th, 1935 36 January 14th,1936 . 23--24 December 31st, 1935 . 36 Februarv 7th, 1936...... 24 Netherlands : United States Amsterdam April 30th, 1935 ...... 14 Colonies Rotterdam November 6th, 1935 . 37 San Juan, January 9th, 1936 . . . 14 Puerto Rico April 2nd, 1935 ...... 32 January 29th, 1936 14 U ruguay : Netherlands Montevideo February 1936 ...... 32 Indies 4th quarter, 1935 .. 15 Batavia October 10th, 1935 25 Yugoslavia : : December 6th, 1935 25 Zagreb October 1935 ...... 17 — 42 —

INDEX TO NAMES OF PERSONS, FIRMS, ETC.

Name Page Name Page Name Page

“ A & B ” m a r k ...... 10, 15 “ Hageda Ag ” m a rk ...... 31 Pacias, Tranquiliano 27 “ A & B Monopoly B ” mark 15 Hal pern, M echel...... 3 Papadamianos, Evangelo .. 29 “ Agedness ” mark...... 19 Hanamori, M...... 29 Parpoff, P e tc o ...... 30 Amano, T...... 29 Haratsuka, Chuem on 5 Peikert, Francis...... 40 Anghelatos, Georges 29 Hashimoto, Nobakishi .... 5 plachtzik, Reinhart 40 Antonoff, Nicholas Dimi- Heisler, Dr. Ing. Robert. . . 34 Plotz, Joseph ...... 33 trofT ...... 30 Hermann, O skar...... 33 Podoba, Joseph...... 34 Apex Co., Hamburg...... 5 Hernandez, M ike...... 38 Polackova, R o s e ...... 34 Arai, Yenzo ...... 5 Hitome, H eiki...... 5 Ponce, E nrique...... 27 Augustin, Robert ...... 33 Hôchst, Meister Lucius Prajensky, A lv ia ...... 38 Ayoub, Massoud...... 12 Briining...... 40 Purschke, H enry...... 40 Hoffmann, La Roche & Co., Ballew ...... 30 Quatrano, J o h n ...... 40 Bartlik, Richard...... 34 P a ris...... 26 Beick, Felix & Co., Mexico. 22 Honduras Pharmacy, Puer- Rabi, Szymon...... 3 BeneS, Z den ek...... 34, 35 tos Cortes...... 4 Raikofï, II j a ...... 37 Berckemeyer & Co., G., “ Hop Tec Hoe, Macao ” . 10 Ramsey, Donald E...... 38 Lima, P eru ...... 37 Horlendez, H a r r y ...... 39 Reymond, Harry...... 24 Biagi, G iuseppe...... 22 Hsieh Hsin Tse Hao, Pei­ “ Red Lion ” label . . . 10,18(2) Bianchini, Joe ...... 22 ping ...... 28 Redmond, W. H...... 25 “ Boehringer, Mannheun ”, Hudson, Harry,...... 24 Reynolds, Alonzo...... 39 Rivera, Louis B...... 22 label...... 36 Ibrahim, Hassan Mohd. ... 12 Bog, Ernest...... 33 Roigos, J esu s...... 38 Ignatis, Edm ond...... 39 Roques, Ferdinand, Paris.. 22 Boguszewski, Sergjusz 6 Inui, K enjiro...... 5 Brandel, John (Father) . . . 33 Rosales, Juan...... 22 Brandel, John (Son)...... 33 Japan Pharmaceutical Es­ Rosen, Morris...... 24 Brandes ...... 3 tablishment, O saka...... 7 Russo, B en n y...... 1G Bray, M. E...... 22 Jedlicka, Bohum ir...... 36 Ryah, W. M...... 38 Brito, Leandro Frontado . . 32 Jungwirth, Rudolf...... 34 Saleh, Ibrahim S a y ed 12 Bures, F rancis...... 33 Salem, Hussein Gad...... 12 K aneko...... 24 Capetilla, Salvador...... 39 Schimmel, J o r y ...... 30 Katolnig, Leopold Franz .. 17 Schrader, H u g o ...... 3 Ceaculoff ...... 30 Kawaguchi...... 5 Cejka, Charles ...... 34 Schreiber, Vincent ...... 33 “ Kicking Mule ” label .... 31 Schroeyers, Gerard...... 37 Chambretin, Laboratoires, Kinoshita, Iwanori...... 26 P aris...... 27 Schwarz, Hynek...... 33 Klan, W ilibald...... 33 Shalata, Hussein Mohd. . .. 37 Chavez, Andrew ...... 39 Kohout, Otto ...... 12 Cherber, Giuglemo Mariano 27 Shami, Mohamed Hassan El 12 Krehlik, Joseph...... 34 Shapiro, Edward...... 30 “ Chicken & Elephant ” Kunz, Anthony...... 33 label...... 18 Shaw, George...... 24 Kuong Hing Chong Co., Sheng L in ...... 5 Chung Tat, Machinery Lea­ Hong-Kong...... 15 ther Factory, Shanghai . 9 Sheroud, Ahmed A l i 37 Kusnierz...... 6 Sheroud, Mahmoud Ali .... 37 Chvalovsky, Frances 34 “ KwongSi ” mark ...... 9 “ Cock & Elephant (Lam Sheroud, Taufik Ali...... 37 “ Kwong Tung Pagoda ” Shibata, Jiro...... 26 Kee Macao) ” mark 21 (2), 22, m ark ...... 9 (2), 10 23 (2) Siciliano, Carney...... 40 Conlan, John 0 ...... 38 “ Lam Kee Eagle ” mark 17 (2) Silbernanger, Og^ar...... 33 Constantinou, Antoine .... 29 Lampitelli, Charles...... 16 Sirri, Adham Mohammed El 13 Contres, Frank...... 38 Lazoff, M etodi...... 28 Smith, A d a m ...... 38 Leslie, Ernest...... 27 Smola, Thérèse...... 17 Dai Nippon Seiyaku Kabu- Levak, Leopold...... 36 Stein & Co., Carlos, Sinaloa, shiki Kaisha, Osaka & Levy, Edward...... 30 Mexico...... 22 T ok yo...... 7 Lewi's, E. L...... 30 Strickler, Lester...... 27 Diagiacomo, Vito ...... 16 Lewis, H enry...... 38 Sueissi, E l ...... 12 Dobrinen, Edward ...... 38 Lhotàk, Emanuel...... 12 Tak Wah Kee, Batavia .... 9 “ Double Cash ” mark 17 “ Lion ” m ark ...... 15, 19 Dudek, Andelin...... 34 Takahashi, B e n z o ...... a “ Lion & Globe ” mark .... 18 Takahashi, Seizi...... 8 “ Eagle ” mark ...... 18 “ Lion, Globe & Serpent ” Taneff, M...... 28 Edwards, Dr. H. C...... 5 m ark ...... 15 Taranto fils, J...... 3 Emmenard & Co., Paris . . . 23 Lugo, P edro...... 38 Tchiprout, Nessim ...... 4 Ezabi, Yousef Ibrahim El .. 13 Macias, Manuel ...... 22 Thomas, Reinhold Otto Favella, Alfred...... 39 Malakan, Arafa Hassan El . 12 Richard...... 15 Ferret, A. & H., Paris 23 Mandez, Pedro ...... 39 “ Ting Chuk San ” mark ... 14 Fethi B e y ...... 28 May, H an us...... 33 Tolento, R afael...... 39 Fierro, Jesus...... 39 Merck & Co., Darmstadt 4, 5, 22, “ Tonggee ” m ark ...... 19 Figueroz, A ntonio...... 35 27 Trnka, Charles...... 6, 35 Foung Tai, E., Shanghai ... 9 Michaelidou. Vassiliki 29 Trnobransky, Zdenek 35 Francesco, Benn d e ...... 16 MichefT, M. S...... 28 Vasquez, F rank...... 38 Franklin, W illiam ...... 27 Michna, Bohumir...... 33 Frôlilich...... 35 Vasquez, P olita...... 38 Michna, R om an...... 33 Vasquez, Roque ...... 38 Fuller, A. S...... 21 Miglierina, K a m el...... 32 Fuller, Charlotte...... 21 Velez, Dr. J. M. Guillen .... 4 Mitchell, J. J...... 38 Volkan, Josep h ...... 24, 35 Galban, A lbert...... 38 Monteverde, M., Mexico . .. 23 G all aw ay, Martin...... 21 Morr, Mohammed Ismail El 13 Weingarten...... 3 Garcia, Florentino...... 39 Moyafis, Georges...... 29 Whidden, T o b y ...... 38 Gayce, William ...... 38 Müller...... 6 “ White Horse ” mark 31, 32 (2) Geretly, Hussein Morad El . 12 Murai...... 8 Williams, George...... 39 Williams, Robert ...... 38 Gerson...... 34 Nagai, Masanori...... 24 Gin On Rock Minery Co. ... 4 Wisniewski...... " Goldberg, Jacob...... 40 Navarro, Antonio ...... 39 Wolf, H erm an...... 30 Neanay, Hussein E l...... 27 Gomez, Manuel Castro y .. . 4 Yi Cheng Fa, Tientsin 28 Gonzalez, L ou is...... 39 Negrakis...... 30 Nicolini, A leco...... 29 Yi Kwei L in g...... • Gracanin, Jar mil a ...... 35 “ Yick Kee ” label 21, 24 Graf, W alter...... 35 Nieto, Pedro...... 39 “ Green Chicken ” label . . . 10 Novak, Jam es ...... 15 Zahn, Anthony...... 33 Cropper, Jack ...... 31 Omar, Zakaria...... 12 Zuniga, Dr. Manuel...... o

SOCIETE DES NAT 10ITS.

■tunique au Conseil C. 168,M. 104.1936.VII. aux Membres de la Société. Genève, le 17 avril 1936.

DIFFEREND EHTBE L'ETHIOPIE ET L'ITALIE.

Communication du Gouvernement éthiopien.

Genève, le 16 avril 1936,

Au Préisent du Comité des Treize.

Je Vous prie de bien vouloir communiquer au Comité des Treize la déclaration suivante qui confirme, en la développant, la réponse déjà faite aux propositions italiennes que Vous nous avez transmises, I»- Le 3 mars 1936, à Genève, au moment précis nù le Comité des Dix-Huit allait appliquer à 1'agresseur la sanction pétrolière, la proposition a été faite et acceptée par le Conseil d ’adresser un ul­ time et pressant appel aux deux belligérants, afin d'obtenir dans le cadre de la Société des Fat ion s et dans l'esprit du Pacte, une prompte cessation des hostilités et le rétablissement définitif de la Paix. Le Gouvernement éthiopien a répondu immédiatement à cet appel ians les termes mêmes où il lui avait été adressé, Le Gouvernement italien n'a donné qu'une acceptation de principe. Aussitôt, le Gouvernement éthiopien a appelé l'attention du Comi­ té des Treize et de la Société des Nations sur 1'ambiguité de la ré­ ponse italienne (Déclaration du 21 mars 1936, à Londres ; déclaration verbale du 24 mars 1936, à Londres), Le Gouvernement éthiopien a in­ sisté sur le fait que la déclaration italienne était démentie par les actes et avait été suivie par un redoublement d'atrocités dans la conduite de l'agression. Au début du mois d'avril, le Gouvernement éthiopien a présenté, une fois de plus, un historique du conflit, pour montrer que la po­ litique constante du Gouvernement italien depuis seize mois avait été de retarder et d'empêcher 1'intervention efficace de la Société des Nations, jusqu'au jour où il pourrait jeter le masque et mettre la Société des Nations devant le fait accompli, II,- Dans sa séance du 10 avril 1936, le Comité des Treize a renvoyé après Pâques, Mtr.me le demandait le Gouvernement italien, l'audition du délégué de ce Gouvernement qui serait chargé de donner sa réponse„ III,- Aujourdthui, le Gouvernement italien 'se croit assez fort peur faire connaître franchement cette réponse : l) il propose que les négociations soient engagées directement entre l'Italie et l’Ethiopie' sans la collaboration active de la Société des Nations , tout au plus, la Société des Nations serait informée de leur marche„ 2) il propose

Le moment est venu pour tous les organes de la Société des Nations, de prendre leurs responsabilités, V»- Les principes dont le Gouvernement éthiopien demande l ’appli­ cation sont les principes mêmes du Pacte, tels cu'ils ont été maintes fois proclamés et que rappelait, en termes d ’une clarté parfaite, le Gouvernement français dans sa déclaration du 8 avril 1936 ; ”lo La base première des relations internationales doit être la reconnaissance de l ’égalité de droit et de 1 Tindépendance de tous les Etats, ainsi que le respect des engagements contractés. "2- Il n ’y a as de paix durable entre les peuples si nette paix reste soumise aux fluctuations des besoins ou des ambitions de chaque peuple", ”3° Il n ’y a pas de sécurité réelle, dans les rapports inter­ nationaux' si tous les conflits qui peuvent naître entre tous les Etats ne sont pas résolus selon la loi internationale, obligatoire pour tous, interprétée par une juridiction internationale> impartiale et souverai­ ne , et garantie par les forces de tous les associés de la oommunauté internati onale1’ » ”4° L ’inégalité de fait entre les peuples doit être compensée, au sein de la communauté internationale, par l 'assistance mutuelle contre toute rupture de la loi internationale", Déjà, le 3 mars 1932, le délégué de la France, en sa quali­ té de président du Conseil de la •Société des Nations, déclarait à 1 'Assemblée : "S'il dépendait des sympath 1er, des communautés d ’intérêts, des amitiés, que le Conseil pût user d'un pouvoir de discrimination lors­ qu'il s'agit de mettre en jeu un des articles essentiels du Pacte, la garantie commune de la Société des Nations aurait cessé d ’exister ...... , La Société des Nations a pour premier devoir la sau­ vegarde de ce bien supreme qui s ’appelle 1 1 intégrité territoriale des membres de la Société des Natipns et leur indépendance politique ..... Le Conseil a rappelé, a Plusieurs reprises, qu’aucun règlement définitif du conflit qui ne respecterait pas ces principes ne pourrait être aréé par lui,” Hier ençore, le président çlu Conseil des ministres de France proclamait 1 1 ideal des peuples pacifiques : "Cet idéal, disait-il, est clair, loyal, logique. Il s'incarne dans le sy s terne de la securité collective, de paixr pour tous et par tous. Il appelle tous ceux qui veulent cette paix à s 'associer contre la gugrre, a rassembler leurs forces contre quiconaue tenterait de la dçchainer. Il yeut unir contre ces malfaiteurs toys les gen armes deL. l'ordre., égalité des droits entre Nations, traites librement consentis entre elles, assistance mutuelle pour sauvegarder et sanctionner leur respect et favoriser l ’allégement du fardeau international des armement^ telle est 1 1 armature simple et forte de l ’édifice de paix dont l'abri commun est offert sans exception a tous les peuples de bonne foi"» , VI.- Depuis le début du nonflit, depuis son premier appel à la Socié­ té des Nations en janvier 1935> le Gouvernement éthiopien n'a cesséA dv’invoquer ces principes. . Il ne peut pas croirs. qui en ne moment suprême ou il est qienaoe d1 extermination; le peuple ethiopien s’gn verra refu­ ser .Le benefice, parce qu'un Gouvernemer t agresseur, maître de quaran­ te cinq .millions de sujets, a résolu, comptait sur la supériorité çie son materiel.de guerre et de ses,ressources économiques et financières, de s'approprier un territoire au'xl convoite et de supprimer V indépen­ dance politique d 1 un peuple qui gene ses ambitions. ._ , Le Gouvernement éthiopien demande au Comité des Treize, comme il le demandera au Conseil dé la Société des Nations : ■1° de constater que le Gouvernement italien n'a pas accepté de ï^egocier dans le cadre de la Société des Nations et dans" 11 esprit du .:6lCt6! , x 2° que le moment est venu d ’appliquer e 1 1 agresseur toutes les sanctions prévues par l ’article 16 du Pacte et ie remplir ainsi 1 ' obli­ gation prise par tous les membres de la Société des Nations de venir immédiatement et efficacement au secours de la victime de 1 ’agression. Veuillez agréer, etc, (signé) Wclde Mariam Ministre d ’ Ethiopie.