Tenix Defence Systems

© 2003 William P. Hall 2003 William © Tenix Defence Systems TENIX DEFENCE how organizationswork best and knowledgetounderstand based theoriesoforganization Working towardsbiologically (NZ KM Net/GOVIS Presentation, September 2003) September Presentation, Net/GOVIS KM (NZ mailto://william.hall@ http://www.sims.m Caulfield, Vic.3016Australia University Monash SystemsKM Lab,Schoolof InformationManagement & Honorary Resea mailto:[email protected] http://www.tenix.com/ Williamstown, Vic. 3016Australia Engineering Head Of Documentation Systems Analyst William P.Hall,PhD rch Fellow onash.edu.au/km/ fice, TenixDefence infotech.monash.edu.au Tenix Defence Systems explicit knowledge. information andpeople'stacit knowledgeinto Technical writers assembleand assimilatedata, Users. Focus on the 4-5Sept.Conference inAuckland- I havejustcomefrom givingakeynoteaddressto Association ofNZ Trip fundedbythe Thanks tomysponsor! (http://www.tcanz.org.nz). Technical Communicators Tenix Defence Systems o fies-can drill down in discussion later A lot ofideas - Presentation isintwoparts: Themes 2. 1. • • Scope o e ocpsaebigapplied inTenix Defence How new conceptsare being individuals andorganizations andknowledge managementfor Theory ofknowledge processing oforganizational knowledge Roles ofinformationtechnology inchangingthenatureand Towards abiologicallybased theo – – – – – capturing, managing,deliver Impacts ofrevolutionary technologyon: extendcognition Technological revolutions andselection through criticism Growth ofpersistent knowledge capturing knowledge into precedents based authoring capturing knowledge into • • nature oftheorganization production andmanagement ofknowledgeby i ing fleet supportknowledge andorganizational adaptation ry oforganizationalknowledge ndividuals andfirms Tenix Defence Systems 5 coreideas presentedhere stronger foundation forusingIT A "biological" theoryofknowledge givesKMa practitioners istoolimited foreffectiveITuse The theoryofknowledge usedbymanyKM KM ismorethanIMbut IMamajorcomponent • • • • • • • • organizations forindividualsand Part 1.Theoryofknowledge IM withoutKMisalsopr Leads toinadequaterequire De-emphasizes explicit, persistent formsofknowledge a omesWIKID turns data into strategic power Ian Coombe's John Boyd's OODA Loop wins conflicts Maturana andVarela's autopoiesis defines"life" Karl Popper defines knowledge andshows howitgrows Kuhn's revolutions, paradi oblematic inthesameway gms andincommensurability ments specificationsfor IT Tenix Defence Systems Revolutions reinvent thebiol • • • fundamentally changedthe natureofthehumanspecies Paradigms andRevolutions: h it C eouin(inmyown lifetime) The fifth ICTrevolution The firstfourcognitive revolutionsextend humanbrains Technology extendshuman physicalcapabilities – – – – – – – – Genetic revolutions (hereditarychanges) Genetic revolutions years) Reach andmetabolismextended (fire Automating cognition and the assembly of knowledge andthe assembly of cognition Automating invention ofobjective knowledge) the - externalised (heredityandselection Cultural revolutions Impact on our profession → yrs) engines~300 (heat Metabolism extended Nature harnessed(ropes,hoes >10Kyears) Cognition extended and externalised (50 yrs) (50yrs) extended andexternalised Cognition • • • • Invention ofbooks Invention of counting, writing and reading Speech andthe transfer of learning Memory and learning → Homo sapiens and printing presses >20Myears) (> 200 M ogical natureofhumanity Five cognitiverevolutions each 12Myears) (1-2 M , sticks, stonesastools~2.5M , sticks, → 1,0 years) (10,000 nvra ieay( 5 years) (~550 universal literacy → → husbandry, farming microelectronics industrial revolution (50 years) Tenix Defence Systems times that ofthe UNIVAC I memor * ((speed dollar raw power per RAM128 MB,Clock3.5GHz, 2002: Dell - $ 1Mx10 forinflation cost 10x1.4MB tapes: RAM 12KB,Clock 2.2 MHz,Storage 1952: UNIVAC - What doImeanby revolution? y)/cost) on my desktop is ~ 3.8x 10 onmy desktop is~ y)/cost) Storage 28 GB hard disk: cost $1 K cost 28GBharddisk: Storage 13 Tenix Defence Systems My guidestoknowledge andcommunication • • Epistemology and cognitiverevolutions Karl Popper(outstanding philosopherof20th century) Thomas Kuhn(scientific revolutions ¶digms) – – – – – – what makesit scientific? what isknowledge? concepts ofparadigmsand paradigmatic revolutions concept of"normal"science vs how doesscientificunderstanding evolvethroughtime how dowegrow knowledgethroughtime? incommensurability Tenix Defence Systems theories currently deployed" consistent, andplausible, comp solution; wherepossible they and must, firstand foremost,permitpuzzle-formulation value: "values tobeusedin Values paradigms in thecommonEnglishusageof theterm i.e., problems or of whatconstitutes"good" science— concrete examples ofhowto Exemplars analogies orevenwithan ontology,and presumptions thatprovide thegroupwithpreferred Models by thegroup, question orintrospection, andimmediatelyunderstandable Symbolic generalisations Thomas Kuhn'sconcept ofaparadigm — in the sense providing apredictive orepistemic thesenseproviding in — — including thosewithhe including — whichareunquestionedandaccepted — — deployed byauthorswithout deployed — judging whole theories: they solve particular kindsof should besimple, self- atible, that is,with other uristic andmetaphysical . Tenix Defence Systems Failures inrational discourse lead to holy wars. impacts of these differences onth understanding the paradigmatic differences and mapping the Rational discourse isimpossi accommodate observations. Requires: Revolutions occurwhen only of incommensurability concept fromthemaths Derives • • • • Thomas Kuhn'sconcept ofincommensurability meanings nolonger correspondlogically. Even wheredifferentparadigms usethesamewords,their connotations ofexistingvocabulary. and meanings new vocabularyandalters often requires This new exemplars,modelsand/or symbolicgeneralizations they see differentworlds. paradigms look atthesamedata, ofdifferent though holders with thatheld by practitionersofthealternative paradigm.Even by practitioners ofoneparadigmislogically incommensurable exemplars and theirassociatedtheory-laden vocabulary)held The worldview (createdbysymbolicgeneralisations, models, ble without firstsurfacing and a newtheoryisableto e vocabulary of discourse. Tenix Defence Systems Individual change requires "religious conversion". rather thansmooth evolutionary processes. knowledge advances viaholy warand revolution Absent understanding paradigmatic differences, conditioned bytheories wedon'tthinkabout Our day-to-dayvocabularies andworldviewsare • • • Paradigms inwriting andconversing within different paradigms. converse rationallywith those seeingtheworldfrom they conditionthewaywe see We oftendon'tthinkabout theoriesbehindwordsorhow implicitly asanintegral pa Theories andexamplesof wh communicate thosefirst We mustsurface paradigmaticdifferences and . rt oflearningadiscipline ere theyapplyarelearned the world,sowecannot Tenix Defence Systems How organizations create knowledge How toanalyse knowledgeintheorganization Organization theory Epistemology • • • • • • • • • • • • KM usesseveralpoorly understoodparadigms individual view individual view autopoietic view view environment resource view objective knowledge(KarlPopper) personal knowledge(MichaelPolanyi) autopoietic view view connectionist view cognitivist alternative views view critical social view Tenix Defence Systems Popper (1972): epistemology Polanyi (1958,1966):personal/tacit knowledge • • • • • Conflicting paradigms ofknowledgeinKM Sveiby, Nonaka, von Krogh & Roos & Sveiby, Nonaka, vonKrogh Popularised inorganization theoryandKMbyNelson&Winter, Focus practitioners using Popperian epistemology oneoffewKM Associates Joe Firestone ofMacroinnovation Different kinds ofknowledge: i.e., criticismagainst reality of knowledgeincreased throughconjecture&refutation, Value – – – – – – tends todenigrateexplicitkn belief, faithandintuition knowledge ofdoing,personalskills knowing subjects esset-objectively transcending individualcognition persistent - asaproperty ofcognition andlivingmemory personal - final arbitersof"truth" without aknowing subject owledge tomere"information" Tenix Defence Systems Conclusion Only 1.8% of authorscitingeither bookcitedboth! Both together Karl Popper"Objective Knowledge" Michael Polanyi"Personal Knowledge" • • • • Incommensurability of theparadigms of listing themin even tothe extent author's thinkingin thesamecontext - interested inorcould notcope withdiscussing theother concerned withoneauthor's thinkingwerenot Writers 8 Aug02 Google hits Google hits Google hits = 1,760 (1,450) 18%growth from11Feb02- (1,450) = 1,760 4(55)14%growth = 64 15%growth (1,570) = 1,850 a single bibliography. Tenix Defence Systems World 1processes Emerges from World 2 exists in Knowledge Organismic/Personal World 2 Popper's encompassed within personal knowledge Polanyi's epistemology of oprstreworlds grows: Popper'sthree Karl Popperdefines knowledge andshowshowit Consciousness self-regulation Cybernetic Cognition

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Computer memory lo Recorded thought g Logical artefacts ic Heredity processes 2 byWorld evaluated Content produced / Persistent logical forms World 3 Knowledge Objective 3. William P. Hall © Tenix Defence Systems

"DESCRIBING"

Methods

Tasks & Facts & Things ikl'(00 xlct-Tacit Dimension Nickols' (2000)Explicit - HUMAN MEMORY DECLARATIVE ARTICULATED HAS ITBEEN EXPLICIT rmNcos2000 Nickols From YES ? NO PROCEDURAL / PROCEDURAL ARTICULATED CONTEXTUAL CAN ITBE IMPLICIT YES ? NO

"DOING"

Mental

Motor

Skills Skills TACIT Tenix Defence Systems memory orheredity World 3comprises thebulkof organizational Persistent objectsof corporateknowledge • • • • • • • • • Corporate knowledge inWorld3 Links &captured contexts Written history Enacted workflowsystems Plans, records,process& proceduredocuments E-mails &correspondence Contracts Articles ofincorporation & employmentagreements AV recordings Databases Tenix Defence Systems Economic Change Nelson &Winter1982: EvolutionaryTheoryof propertiesoflivingthings Cognition – Maturana andVarela 1980: • • • • Paradigm oftheautopoietic organization(1) Maturana andVarela's autopoiesisdefines"life": production entitiesdefinedbyselfregulationand Autonomous Early 1970squesttodefine thepropertyoflife sue hstasedn nweg a tacit(Polanyi) knowledge was Assumed thistranscendent behaviour of theorganization(i.e.,self-production). heredity to maintaintheexistence and organizational the knowledge ofindividualmembers persistedas Postulated that organizationalknowledge transcending – – – connections contexts routines Autopoiesis & Tenix Defence Systems living entity the propertyoflife. i.e., thatwhichgivesa environmental perturbations; existence asanautonomous entityinthefaceof autocatalytic setofproces achieved bya boundedandself-regulating Autopoiesis (= self + pr Definition ofautopoiesis oduction) is thecondition ses abletomaintainits Tenix Defence Systems Epistemology – criteria forautopoiesis criteria Epistemology – (1995)Organizational and Roos von Krogh OriginsofOrder: Kauffman (1993)– Flow inBiology: Energy (1968) – Morowitz • • • • • • • • • Paradigm oftheautopoietic organization(2) "organization forfree“ "autocatalytic sets" transport energy/matterfrom sourcestosinks Systems forcedtoevolve in to produce thesystem (autonomy) Self-produced components are necessary andsufficient System intrinsically producesown components System boundaries internally determined (selfreference) Mechanistic (i.e., metabolism/cybernetic processes) Identifiable componentswithin theboundary(complex) Identifiably bounded(membranes, tags) creasingly complexcycles to Tenix Defence Systems growth &maintenance of the livingorganization Roles ofpersistent knowledge(heredity) toguide Nelson &Winter paradigmoforganizationalautopoiesis Current • • • • Existing usersofAutopoiesis neglectWorld3 Represents late 1970searly1980sthinking thelifeof a singleentity heredity transcending As statedtheconceptdoes notconsiderpersistent reproduction in theirminimal definition ofautopoiesis Blind spot:Maturana&Varela legitimatelydidnotinclude Focus ontacit personal& – information & transactionrecords,not knowledge information & World 3organizational contentlargelyconsisted ofdata, organizational knowledge CIRCUMSTANCES Tenix Defence Systems CHANGING CHANGING INFORMATION EXTERNAL EXTERNAL (Results ofTest) OBSERVE ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESULTS OF UNFOLDING do a better job ofassimilating An organisation's success ina success An organisation's strategic power, and reduci ACTIONS O OBSERVATION PARADIGM John Boyd'sOODALoop winsconflicts INPUT HERITAGE GENETIC MEMORY OFHISTORY ng decision cycle times. Se ORIENT information, increasin competitive environment depends environment competitive O PARADIGMS PROCESSES

CULTURE CULTURE SYNTHESIS ANALYSIS ANALYSIS g its epistemic quality to generate e http://www.belisarius.com. (Hypothesis) DECIDE GUIDANCE AND CONTROL AND GUIDANCE D PARADIGM critically its ability to WITH EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION UNFOLDING (Test) ACT A Tenix Defence Systems of its action. world. The loopbegins to repeat asthe entity observes the results Action cycles, informedbysynthesis (creat wisdom basedonprior experience gainedfrom previous OODA isgovernedand informedby orientation, one actiontotry.Choice Decision sense). possibilities for action.Thisgeneratesintelligence (inamilitary view, andsynthesis (creation)ofarevised worldviewincluding (i.e., paradigms),andanalysis (destruction)oftheexistingworld even tacit,geneticheritage (i.e., "na priorexperience(whichmaybeexplicit,implicitor memories of aworldviewcomprisedofnewinformation, in theformof Orientation the entity'sinteractionswith theworld. acontextrelatingto of itscompetitorsonthatworld). Dataisgiven adaptive entityexists(including theentity'sowneffectsandthose Observation Some OODAdefinitions involves puttingthe decision totest byapplying ittothe eet amongst possible actionsgeneratedbythe selects rcse thatinformationintoknowledge knowledge processes sebe nomto abouttheworldinwhich the information assembles tural talent"),culturaltraditions o)o e osblte otry. ion) of new possibilities to OBSERVE Tenix Defence Systems GENET INP Orientation intheorganization U I C HERITAGE T DOC S RECORDS INFRASTRUCTURE “CORPORATE MEMORY” PRO DATA PEOPLE PEOPLE C PEOPLE ESS CONTENT RELATIONS LIN K S

ANNOTATIO SYNTHE PARADIG ANALYSIS CULTURE & DECIDE, ACT

N SIS S M S

© W illi am P. Hall Tenix Defence Systems • • • • In competition requirements and regulatory Meet statutory liabilities to risksand Minimise losses won on contracts Perform better contracts Win more OF CONTEXT &RESULTS OBSERVATION REQUIREMENTS STRATEGIC architecture Building andmaintaining anadaptiveKM • • • • • • • • Risk mitigation Profitability Sustainability Growth Service delivery intimacy Stakeholder satisfaction Customer Excellence Operational DRIVERS

ORIENTATION &DECISION • • • • • • • ITERATION … … Etc. disincentives Incentives & disciplines Information systems Technology & disciplines Business mapping Knowledge Knowledge audit IMPEDIMENTS ENABLERS & • • • • • • • QA /QC gathering Intelligence monitoring Tracking and & reengineering process analysis Business retrieval Searching & Taxonomies communication external Internal / PROCESS PEOPLE • • • • • • • • Etc. IT strategy intelligence Competitive HR practices communications Corporate Practice Communities of role Architectural management Strategic DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY STRATEGY ENACTED Tenix Defence Systems its logicalconsistency andrelations maintain control overexternal circumstances. maintain Power Wisdom Intelligence knowledge isassimilated information groundedinexperience. information abodyof assimilated into Knowledge other itemsofdata Information Data context orsyntax (derived originally from Ian Coombe's • • • • • power: WIKIDturnsdataintostrategic Ian Coombe's Application andcontrol Hypothesis andaction (test Assessment andselection Assimilation (into ahuman memo Context and syntax is the raw stateofinformation,i.e., is theraw (in astrategic sense)is theresu is tested intelligence with a proven value based onexperience aproven valuebased is tested intelligencewith is information that is made u ismade that is information (military sense) isknowledgeth is data that has beengivenacontextbyrelatingitsyntacticallyto is datathat Transformations add epistemicquality (i.e. relationships) Î Î ing againstreality) WIKID Power ry) and semantics(meanings) hips to what isalreadyknown what hips to Î able tobetransmitted toothers lt ofapplying wi binary orcharacterstringswithout seful because it issemantically seful becauseit ) at isassessedand evaluatedfor Î dmt anor sdom to gain Î Explicit Tenix Defence Systems Knowledge Workers Corporate Technologies for Tenix Defence's Tenix Defence Systems 80% ANZIP content (i.e., 20% of in1989! fixed price contract BN $A 5 2 RNZN) 10 frigates(8 RAN, • • • • fleet Managing supportknowledge fortheANZACShip optrsdmaintenance management Computerised 27 year designedlifespan foreach ship year design/build cycle 16 including logistic support&training Total package that spent in New Zealand) Tenix Defence Systems ~ 350Vehicles ~$500 M • • M113 UpgradeProject Long life-span 22 identified variants Progressive upgrade • • New documentation New systems Tenix Defence Systems mangers. By thesedefinitions, tech memory. artifacts ofknowledge thatcontribute toacorporate things andprocesses intoexplicitand transferable information andimplicit Good technicalwritersdi and usedbyotherpeople. products ofknowledgethat canbereadilyassimilated and totransformwhatis information andknowledge fr The roleoftechnicalwrit Role ofthetechnical writer knowledge aboutcomplex ing istocapturedata, captured intoobjective stil andtransformdata, nical writers areknowledge om avarietyofsources; Tenix Defence Systems are paper senior management who think Paradigmatic incommensurabilit Electronic containers forknowledge Paper documents • • • • • • • • • containers forknowledge virtual More paradigms:knowledge onpapervs Electronic MSWord&PDF formats don'tchangetheparadigm of physicalpages Writing andreadingarelinear processesrequiringmanipulation Content isoftenoutofdate management requireponderous physicalprocesses Production, storage,indexing, retrieval,distribution&change Automation ofcognitive processes inindexingand retrieval,etc. Automation of production,storage&distribution Contextual linking buildswebsofknowledge Virtual assembly &reuseofexistingcontent Structural controls &validation that the only real documents that theonly real documents y still a major issue with y stilla majorissue Tenix Defence Systems supplier to operators authoring, management andtransf Adequate performance onallissues dependson thequalityof Life-cycle cost issues knowledge Health, safetyandoperational Capability whenitisneeded • • • • • • • • • Major issuesfora fleetoperator Implement "leanmaintenance" philosophy Minimise documentation, support&maintenance costs Minimise acquisition cost Heavy/complex engineeringsystemscan kill! Operable Supportable Maintainable Available Reliably does whatitissupposedto within limitsofhumanknowledge &capacity for servicewhenneeded criticalneedsavailableinsupplychain - problems can befixedwhentheyarise - er of technical knowledge from Tenix Defence Systems Supplier's knowledge production and usagegoals Client's operationalknowledge deliverygoals • • • • • • • knowledge Major qualityissues in deliveringsupport Low cost High quality Fast Useable Available Applicable/Effective Correct – – – – – – – Readily managed &processedincomputer systems Readily understandable byhumans To whoneeds it,whenandwhereitisneeded Effective forthepointintime reengineeringchanges,etc. Applicable totheconfigurati Consistent acrossthefleet Correct information on oftheindividualship/vehicle Tenix Defence Systems Review, edit, signoff edit, Review, Review, edit, signoff edit, Review, Review, edit, signoff edit, Review, Design Study project Knowledge development lifecycleforalarge Project B Design Study Review, edit, signoff edit, Review, Design Study Project A Project B Design Study Project B RFT and Bid experience Operational Review, edit, signoff edit, Review, Design Docs Procedures, Bid Documents Project A Support Documents Project A Project A Review, signoff edit, Negotiate Review, negotiate,amend Review, • 0-50 year lifecycle 20 - Prime Contract RFQs Project A negotiate, Review, amend Negotiations Subcontracts Project A Bids AUDIT AND LOGISTICS Tenix Defence Systems CORRESPONDENCE SUPPLIER SOURCE ANALYSIS DOCUMENTS CONTRACTS SAFETY ENGINEERING CHANGES The fullfleetknowledge managementenvironment MAINTENANCE TECHNICAL PLANS MAINT. ENGINEER TECH AUTHOR MAINTENANCE AUDIT FUNCTION REPORTING SOFTWARE CLASS SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND CSARS TERATEXT • • • ILS DB/ LSAR DB DB Eng. Changes Config details detailsLine item TRANSFER DATA FILES ASPMIS MASTER CLIENT COMPLETION REPORT ASSET MANAGEMENT & PLANNING SYSTEM AMPS MAINTAINER COMPLETING MAINTENANCE ACTION COMPLETION NOTES MAINTENANCE SHIP SPECIFIC CONFIGURED ROUTINES

MAINTENANCE MAINTENANCE SHIP SPECIFIC SHIP SPECIFIC CONFIGURED CONFIGURED ROUTINES ROUTINES

Tenix Defence Systems Structured Authoring Tenix Defence Systems rknhere Broken Structure viewwith anerror Ô Ô Ó Ó a warning Note notallowedinfront of Tenix Defence Systems Supervisor Authors QA/Supervisor maintenance procedures TeraText’s rolebased workflowforANZACShip Author Release forPeerAuthor Review check in complete • metadata modify • Check In pni FrameMaker+SGML; openin • update • metadata modify • Check Out Accept • register/link source documents triggers CMCs line items (Draft) Stage 1 IdentifyRequirement and CreateWorkItem Release for Delivery Reviewed as Sign-Off Annotate View (Peer Review) Stage 2 Peer Review Completion Peer Review Supervisor Sets Client Circulate for Review Client Review/Annotate Check In Check Out Accept Release forQAReview (Rework) Stage 3 (Client Review) Stage 4 Tenix Defence Systems nuro Pty Ltd: InQuirion Developed by RMITMult Export: SAICprovides sales& support in USA andEurope 100% Australian support IP 100% Australian State oftheartcontentmanagement system • • • • • • eaetdocument&contentmanagement TeraText Tenix specifications - Aspect implementation/integration Aspect - Tenix specifications delivery (Weband otherformats) orJava) (Ace development tools Application Concurrent indexingandretrieval Repositories forstructured/unstructureddocs optimized forscalability Native XMLdatabase – – – – automatic rendering (e.g.,SGML extract validation work flow http://www.teratext.com.au imedia Database Systems: ; Opposite City Baths, Melbourne Opposite ; to ASPMIS CDF /HTMLetc.) CDF to ASPMIS http://www.mds.rmit.edu.au; Tenix Defence Systems Ó Ó Ó Ó Ó Ó Stop Lights(Validation) Stop Lights(Validation) Metadata errortrapping Ó Ó Click thelight toseeproblem Click thelight toseeproblem Tenix Defence Systems

contextual knowledgeto co Annotations arethekeyto c Links are2-wayconnections Explicit andimplicit links C

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PRIMARY LINK NT REPOSI ANNOTATION ANNOTATION SECONDARY ------METADAT

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R TORY Tenix Defence Systems Annotation markers Tenix Defence Systems context Annotations provide thekeytocapturing Annotations Source registry reference marker toseeit marker Clickhere. on annotation exists indicates Yellow marker be addedhere may Annotation Tenix Defence Systems Client is now agood reference TeraText resolvedthe issue Tenix’s Ship05delivery challenge • • • • • • • • structured authoring andcontentmanagement Tenix’s ANZACmeasured improvementsfrom Change cycletime CUTfrom1 year todays Keyboard time forone change CUT morethan 50% Subsequent content deliveriesCUT95% Routines delivered forShip5CUT80% for10ships set of‘SGML records’ class- 2,000 for4 shipsto procedures 8,000 Condensed Client threattonotaccept 05ifstilldissatisfied Documentation configuration managementissues Client difficultiesfeeding flatfilesintoAMPS – 3,000 person/hours - major qualitygain major 3,000 person/hours - 5 peoplecompletely reworked2,000routines inaround activities knowledge devel into supplier's feedback fromAMPS Provides cor CSARS Tenix Defence Systems syste dat Validat Crossbow a acr Content management TeraText ms es andint o s s 15legacy recti opment for managingANZAC Shipsupportknowledge Tenix/Navy architecture v egr e at es MRP • • • SYSTEM A DOCUMENT U A Plan Fa T ssem bric H DA ORING AN LOGIS TOOLS (prime) LS a T ble AL t A con e A B Y R A f change TIC ig S SE I do S change change co ECO optim Ana ef change fe s l ta cted y isation s i sk s & rel change do e co MA PRODUCT D • • • • • • DESIGN /EN as DOCO CONTENT MA e RECORDING r change REPORTING Produc & Releas Doco Re Control Pro Eng Cha Config Mgmt CA Wor do EC / eque NA AN d NA co TOOLS (prime) D cess GE AL k / st GE flo D Y M Mgmt t Mode r w S M E nge v a e change I i or w N E A do S sion G N d T T i developed inMelbourne co n e A T g r l

m con change do a data histor in co f ig tenan change change change reque y sh UPD ce CONF ared st A MA • • • • • • PRODUCT • • MA M • • • • or T I SUPPLY SYSTEM Nav G E d A & Releas & Releas Doco Re Control Pro Cha Config Produc Wor Dra Re Sc Reso Do Completion Proc e NA NA IN rs sy y he s TEN w cess w GE GE nge Sy ourc k n e ing Mgm dule flo u time dure r M stems? M Mgmt PR A t Mode MA ce U st Re w CONFIG E v e NCE E e e UPD e i OCEDURE N N Re IN sion rec s m que T T s T qs / s e a D A t l i g p T s A ts e E t T A

ser do co v er mgmt maint Navy' AMPS s Tenix Defence Systems complete ships justprior to delivery Manual resolution involvedaphysical auditof ships ifproblem notresolved Client was threateningtorefuse acceptanceof maintenance management loading intoClient's relational databasesfor Could notdeliverdata suitableforimmediate databases insynchrony Impossible toreconcile keyinformationacrossall 15 legacydatabases Engineering dataand documentationmetadatain The businessissue resolvedbyCrossbow Tenix Defence Systems approximately $850,000. under budget forafinal costof project. It wascompletedon timeand whole of the Crossbowdevelopment Slightly more than$1Mwas soughtforthe to $6 errors couldhave costTenixafurther$4M (2007), datamanagement inefficienciesand From 2000through totheendofproject with existingtechnology =$0.65M Conservative cost tomanageproblems Crossbow business case Tenix Defence Systems SHERPA OTHER ILSDB ENG EEL SOURCE rsbw architecture Crossbow™ General Conceptual Diagram TRANSACTION SYSTEMS SHERPA OTHER ILSDB ENG EEL DATA WAREHOUSE ARCHITECTURE Temporary Storage Temporary STAGING SHERPA OTHER ILSDB ENG EEL text

Quality Firewall RELATIONAL WAREHOUSE Data Integrity Module Integrity Data t t 0 0 t t 1 1 t t 2 2 OTHER text t 0 t 1 t 2

Quality Firewall DATA CUBE Data Cube Data Data Cube Data (User Interface) (User OUTPUT text CROSSBOW Reports Internal CBS

Data Integrity Interface Tenix Defence Systems Data flowinCrossbow Tenix Defence Systems Crossbow queryscreen Tenix Defence Systems Crossbow results screen AUDIT AND LOGISTICS Tenix Defence Systems CORRESPONDENCE SUPPLIER SOURCE ANALYSIS DOCUMENTS CONTRACTS SAFETY ENGINEERING CHANGES The fullfleetknowledge managementenvironment MAINTENANCE TECHNICAL PLANS MAINT. ENGINEER TECH AUTHOR MAINTENANCE AUDIT FUNCTION REPORTING SOFTWARE CLASS SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND CSARS TERATEXT • • • ILS DB/ LSAR DB DB Eng. Changes Config details detailsLine item TRANSFER DATA FILES ASPMIS MASTER CLIENT COMPLETION REPORT ASSET MANAGEMENT & PLANNING SYSTEM AMPS MAINTAINER COMPLETING MAINTENANCE ACTION MAINTENANCE SHIP SPECIFIC CONFIGURED ROUTINES

MAINTENANCE MAINTENANCE SHIP SPECIFIC SHIP SPECIFIC CONFIGURED CONFIGURED ROUTINES ROUTINES

Tenix Defence Systems Review, edit, signoff edit, Review, Review, edit, signoff edit, Review, Review, edit, signoff edit, Review, Design Study Managing contractual knowledge Project B Design Study Review, edit, signoff edit, Review, Design Study Project A Project B Design Study Project B RFT and Bid experience Operational Review, edit, signoff edit, Review, Design Docs Procedures, Bid Documents Project A Support Documents Project A Project A Review, signoff edit, Negotiate Review, negotiate,amend Review, • 0-50 year lifecycle 20 - Prime Contract RFQs Project A negotiate, Review, amend Negotiations Subcontracts Project A Bids Tenix Defence Systems documentation funnel Streamline bidding Conflicting viewsoftime Huge task Delay generates crisis Word processing friction • • • • • • • • • • major sourceof delay wastes resources &time taskmagnitude multiplies Client: inordinate delay Supplier: crushingdeadline Don’t reinventknowledge Uses production resources error panic disorientation BURN CD ROM CD DIRECTORY - TO SUBDIRECTORIES VALIDATED TEAM DOCO PRODUCTION TRANSFER TRANSFER COORDINATOR SUMMARY ENGINEERS & ANALYSTS CREATE AND TYPE, LOCATE AND AMALGAMATE DATA & OBJECTS COORDINATOR APPROXIMATELY APPROXIMATELY

SUMMARY TEAM PRODUCTION &DOCO SYSTEM A SYSTEM B MANY BY ON WORKED BE WILL FILE DOCUMENT ELECTRONIC INDIVIDUAL EACH SYSTEM C

SYSTEM D FORMAT, UNKNOWN IN DATA SOURCE SUPPLIER DOCS, DDS TENDERS, PREVIOUS 1000’S 1000’S STANDARDS, GRAPHICS, SPREADSHEETS, DRAWINGS, CLIENT DOCUMENTS, ETC DOCUMENTS, CLIENT DRAWINGS, SPREADSHEETS, GRAPHICS, STANDARDS, SYSTEM Y AGAIN & EDIT - REVIEW PRINT? CHANGE, FOR /RETURN &EDIT -REVIEW PRINT?

SUMMARY AND SYSTEM Z SYSTEM A SYSTEM A TECHNICAL SUPERVISORS SUPERVISORS TECHNICAL OF SOURCE DATA ITEMS - MAY BE WP DOCUMENTS PRODUCED IN-HOUSE, PRODUCED DOCUMENTS WP BE MAY - ITEMS DATA SOURCE OF DOCO PRODUCTION TEAM 600+ DATA CONTROL CONTROL DATA

SYSTEM B 50+ DOCO PRODUCTION TEAM TEAM PRODUCTION DOCO SYSTEM C ENGINEERS & ANALYSTS ENTERING OWN WORK OWN ENTERING ANALYSTS & ENGINEERS INDIVIDUAL WORD PROCESSED DOCUMENTS DOCUMENTS PROCESSED WORD INDIVIDUAL

SYSTEM D TEXT EDITOR SYSTEM Y SUMMARY SYSTEM Z SYSTEM A SYSTEM B VALIDATE SYSTEM C SENIOR MANAGERS MANAGERS SENIOR SYSTEM D COPIES PRINTS PROOFS FOR READABILITY ANDENGLISH USAGE VOLUMES SYSTEM Y SYSTEM B

SUMMARY AUTHORS

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