For Four Decades 1901-2000 2013 Standard Catalog of ® The Most Important Book On World 40th Edition

The world market is vast and volatile. You need a trusted and respected WORLD COINS resource to makes sense of it all. And this is it. 2013 Standard Catalog of

The 2013 Standard Catalog of® World Coins, 1901-2000, 40th Edition, offers information from more than 120 experts worldwide and data from a variety of Internet sources, including popular on-line auction sites. With few exceptions, the coin values have risen over those in WORLD previous catalogs, and in certain cases, those values have increased substantially.

From collectors to dealers to researchers, everyone depends on this single reference. The Standard Catalog of® World Coins has been the hobby’s central information source for 40 years. COINS An impressive and immense work, each coin listing in the catalog provides: • Up-to-date values listed by date, mintmark and grade 1901-2000 40th Edition • Globally accepted KM reference numbers • Clear descriptions of the coin’s design features GEORGE S. CUHAJ, EDITOR • THOMAS MICHAEL, MARKET ANALYST

Coins minted in silver, gold, platinum and palladium offer the following additional information for charting a course in the turbulent precious metals market: • Total coin weight • Fineness • Actual weight ® The 2013 Standard Catalog of® World Coins, 1901-2000 is the coin catalog you’ve come to depend on and the one you can trust as the best value in world numismatics.

George Cuhaj is nearly a 19-year veteran of the Krause Publications numismatic catalog staff. Before becoming an editor with the Standard Catalog of® World Coin series he was the computer systems operator at the American Numismatic Society and a cataloger for Stack’s Rare Coins, both of New York City. Cuhaj is a past president of the American Medallic Sculpture Association and his art medal creations have been shown internationally.

Thomas Michael holds a bachelor of arts degree in history and a master of arts degree in economics. For nearly 25 years, Michael has served as market analyst for Krause Publications’ prestigious world coin catalogs. CUHAJ About the Editors US $70.00 W7382 (CAN $73.50) MICHAEL 60,000 ISBN-13: 978-1-4402-2962-6 ISBN-10: 1-4402-2962-7 Actual-Size 57000 Illustrations EAN UPC

FnL1 04 0120 01 JUYrVyBQdWJsaWNhdGlvbnMsIEluYyAo 02 SW9sYSBkaXZpc2lvbikPR3JlZ29yeSBL 03 cnVlZ2VyAE8QHjECMTMDMTAwATEFVVBD LUEMMDc0OTYyMDE0MzUxdA== Th e World’s Best-Selling Coin Books yeSBL 9 sYSBkaXZpc2lvbikPR3JlZ2 9 03 cnVlZ2VyAE8QGbAEMTAuNAI4MAExBkVB 0 1 FnL1 04 0124 01 JUYrVyBQdWJsaWNhdGlvbnMsIEluYyAo02 SW Ti0xMw05NzgxNDQwMjI5NjI2AA== 74962 01435 www.shopnumismaster.com 9 781440 229626

WW7382_SCWC1901-2000cvr.indd7382_SCWC1901-2000cvr.indd 1 44/9/12/9/12 11:27:51:27:51 PPMM W7382_p0001-0044.fm Page 1 Tuesday, April 3, 2012 11:36 AM

1

® WORLD2013 Standard Catalog of COINS 1901-2000 40th Edition

George S. Cuhaj, Editor • Thomas Michael, Market Analyst • Harry Miller, U.S. Market Analyst Deborah McCue, Database Specialist • Kay Sanders, Editorial Assistant

Special Contributors Melvyn Kassenoff Eric J. vanLoon Craig Keplinger

Bullion Value (VB) Market Valuations

Valuations for all platinum, gold, palladium and silver coins of the more common, basically bullion types, or those possessing only modest numismatic premiums are presented in this edition based on the market ranges of:

$1,750 per ounce for platinum $1,750 per ounce for gold $750 per ounce for palladium $35.00 per ounce for silver W7382_p0001-0044.fm Page 2 Tuesday, April 3, 2012 11:36 AM

2

Copyright ©2012 F+W Media, Inc.

All rights reserved. No portion of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer who may quote brief passages in a critical article or review to be printed in a magazine or newspaper, or electronically transmitted on radio, television, or the Internet.

Published by

Krause Publications, a division of F+W Media, Inc. 700 East State Street • Iola, WI 54990-0001 715-445-2214 • 888-457-2873 www.krausebooks.com

To order books or other products call toll-free 1-800-258-0929 or visit us online at www.shopnumismaster.com

ISSN 1939-814X ISBN-13: 978-1-4402-2962-6 ISBN-10: 1-4402-2962-7

Cover Design by Jana Tappa Designed by Sandi Carpenter Edited by George Cuhaj

Printed in The United States of America W7382_p0001-0044.fm Page 3 Tuesday, April 3, 2012 11:36 AM

INTRODUCTION 3 INTRODUCTION

You hold in your hand the latest in the long and large specialized catalogs, those came about, such as the series of Standard Catalog of ® World Coins books. This Standard Catalog of ® German Coins (now enjoying 40th edition of the longest running annual world coin a third edition) and Unusual World Coins, now in a catalog represents a great deal of hard work, dedication sixth edition. and years of development from hundreds of loyal Our web-based catalog found at contributors comprised of coin collectors, coin dealers, www.numismaster.com offers everything one sees in editors, researchers, photographers, designers and the printed catalogs plus even more information, such issuing authorities. as coin designer identifications. A subscriber to the Beginning with the ideas of original authors Chester database can keep abreast of current prices that are L. Krause and Clifford Mishler, the Standard Catalog of® continually updated, as well as new issues that are World Coins was brought into our hobby in 1972 as the constantly being added. largest and most comprehensive world coin reference We would like to take a moment to ask a favor of available. Those first few editions in the early 1970s you, our readers. While you use the various volumes of offered world coin data for all countries from the mid- the Standard Catalog we ask that you keep in mind that 1800s to the then current day. There were photographs this is an ever changing, developing and expanding of many of the coins, plenty of information on metal series of reference books. It is a project which does content, descriptions of types and varieties, date listings require your attention. Watch over it carefully; keep an and of course values presented in multiple grades of eye out for possible errors and omissions. Contact the preservation. It was all that a hobbyist would want, in editorial staff with your observations and ideas. one complete package. Be a part of your hobby through the pages of the But of course, the burgeoning expanse of the world most recognized and respected world coin reference on coin hobby brought with it new requirements for added the planet! dates. Over time we found that collectors wanted information on earlier time periods, and so our database Best Wishes, of information was expanded to include coin listings first The editorial staff of the Standard Catalog of ® from the 1700s, then the 1600s and now even some World Coins listings into the mid-1500s. Related areas to circulating coins were also researched and developed into our base of knowledge. Patterns, piedfort, trial strikes and essais www.numismaster.com were also added. Token issues were compiled for areas and eras where regular issue coinage was scarce or non-existent. Many experts lent their knowledge and time to these TABLE OF CONTENTS various expansions and to them our hobby is most Country Index ...... 5 indebted. Many editors have come and gone over the User’s Guide ...... 9 years and our staff of experts has over time included some of the most dedicated, interesting and well-known Grading Chart ...... 16 people one could ever hope to meet. Along the way the International Numerals ...... 17 primary concern for everyone has been to expand the Instant Identifier...... 18 available base of knowledge and to present as much of what we have learned as possible in an affordable and Silver Bullion Chart ...... 22 manageable book form to all to use and enjoy. Gold Bullion Chart ...... 26 Over the years this base of knowledge has come to Foreign Exchange Chart ...... 34 encompass a full 400 years and is now rapidly expanding into the fifth century of date. This set of five Illustrated Guide to Eastern Mint Names. . 35 volumes represents the most cost-effective and Hejira Chart ...... 44 complete numismatic library available in the world today! Catalog Listings...... 45 In that we can all take a moment of pride and honor. However, we should never pause for very long, as Contributing to the Catalog ...... 2300 there are always new territories to conquer. As in the A Guide to International Numerics . . . . 2301 past, when we have found a need to offer more W7382_p0001-0044.fm Page 4 Tuesday, April 3, 2012 11:36 AM

4 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Many individuals have contributed countless changes, which have been incorporated into previous and now this thirty seventh edition. While all may not be acknowledged, special appreciation is extended to the following who have exhibited a special enthusiasm for this edition. Dr. Laurence Adams Eric G. Dawson, M.D. Ronachai Krisadaolarn Ivan Rakitin Esko Ahlroth Konstantinos Dellios Samson Kin Chiu Lai Tony Raymond Stephen Album Jean-Paul Divo Aditya Kulkarni William M. Rosenblum Antonio Alessandrini James R. Douglas Joseph E. Lang Egon Conti Rossini Scott Annechino Stephen Eccles Alex Lazarovici Remy Said Attilio Armiento Wilhelm R. Eglseer Ma Tak Wo Leon Saryan Mitchell A. Battino Esko Ekman Ranko Mandik Erwin Schäffer Albert Beck John Ferm Miguel Angel Pratt Mayans Jacco Scheper Anton Belcev Andrzej Fischer Bill McKay Gerhard Schön Jan Bendix Thomas F. Fitzgerald Phil McLoughlin Dr. Wolfgang Schuster Richard Benson Joe Flores Jürgen Mikeska Alexander Shapiro Wolfgang Bertsch Eugene Freeman Juozas Minikevicius Ole Sjoelund Peter N. Berger Arthur M. Friedberg Robert Mish Evizan Sku...... Allen G. Berman Tom Galway Ing. Benjamin M. Mizrachi R. Gylfi Snorrason Sharon Blocker Dennis Gill Dr. Richard Montrey Clark Smith Joseph E. Boling Lawrence Goldberg Paul Montz Alim A. Sumana Richard Borek jun. Ron Guth Edward Moschetti Peter Swanston Al Boulanger Marcel Häberling Horst-Dieter Müller Steven Tan Klaus Bronny J. Halfpenny Arkady Nakhimovsky Mehmet Tolga Taner Mahdi Bseiso Flemming Lyngbeck Hansen Michael G. Nielsen M. Louis Teller John T. Bucek David Harrison Bill Noyes Anthony Tumonis Chris Budesa Istvan Hegedus Gus A. Pappas Erik J. Van Loon Doru Calin Emmanuel Henry Janusz Parchimowicz Carmen Viciedo Charles R. Carlson Anton Holt Frank Passic Wakim Wakim Henry K. H. Chan Serge Huard Marc Pelletier Justin Wang Peter A. Chase Charles Huff Juan Pena Paul Welz Raul Chirila Nelva G. Icaza Andreas G. Pitsillides Stewart Westdal Fred L. Colombo Ton Jacobs Gastone Polacco J. Brix Westergaard Scott E. Cordry A. K. Jain Luis R. Ponte Puigbo J. Hugh Witherow Luis V. Costa Hector Carlos Janson Frank Putrow Ishagh Yousefzadeh Freeman Craig Alex Kaglyan Arif Qureshi Joseph Zaffern Vincent Craven-Bartle Melvyn Kassenoff Yahya Qureshi Jed Crump Craig Keplinger Mircea Raicopol Raymond E. Czahor George Katsikis Dr. Dennis G. Rainey AUCTION HOUSES Dixon-Noonan-Webb Fritz Rudolf Künker Ponterio & Associates Heritage World Coin Auctions Leu Numismatik AG Stack’s Hess-Divo Ltd. Münzenhandlung Harald Möller, GmbH UBS, AG Gerhard Hirsch MPO Auctions World Wide Coins of California Thomas Høiland Møntauktion Numismatics, Pty. Ltd.

WORLD MINTS, CENTRAL BANKS AND DISTRIBUTORS Austrian Mint Imprensa Nacional - Mint of Finland, Ltd. Royal Canadian Mint Banco de Mexico Casa da Moeda, S.A. Mint of Norway Royal Dutch Mint Banque Centrale Israel Coins & Medals Corp. Monnaie de Paris Royal Thai Mint Du Luxembourg Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca Moscow Mint SamlerHuset Group B.V. Black Mountain Coins dello Stato I.p.A. National Bank of the Republic Servei D’Emissions Principat Casa de la Moneda de Cuba Jablonex Group - of Belarus D’Andorra Central Bank of D.P.R. Korea - Division of Czech Mint National Bank of Ukraine Singapore Mint Kumbyol Trading Corp. Japan Mint New Zealand Mint SoftSky, Inc. Central Bank of the Kazakhstan Mint Numiscom South African Mint Russian Fed. KOMSCO - South Korea Numistrade Gmbh & Co. kg. Staatliche Munze Berlin CIT Latvijas Banka Omni Trading B.V. Staatliche Munze Baden- Coin Mercantile Exchange Lietuvos Bankas PandaAmerica Wurttemberg Czech National Bank Lithuanian Mint Perth Mint Talisman Coins Educational Coin Company Magyar Penzvero Zrt. Pobjoy Mint Thailand Treasury Department Faude & Huguenin Mayer’s Mint GmbH Real Casa de la Moneda - Spain Ufficio Filatelico e Numismatico Global Coins & Medals Ltd. - MDM Royal Mint - Vatican Official Sales Company of Mennica Polska Royal Australian Mint United States Mint the Bulgarian Mint Mincovna Kremnica Royal Belgian Mint W7382_p0001-0044.fm Page 5 Tuesday, April 3, 2012 11:36 AM

COUNTRY INDEX 5 COUNTRY INDEX

Afghanistan...... 45 Bhaunagar...... 1084 Cayman Islands ...... 376 Aguascalientes...... 1517 Bhutan ...... 243 Central African Republic ...... 386 Ajman ...... 58 Biafra ...... 250 Central African States ...... 387 Albania...... 60 Bidudal...... 1079 Central Asia...... 388 Alderney...... 67 Biritish India...... 1107 Ceylon...... 391 Alger ...... 70 Bohemia & Moravia ...... 251 Chad ...... 394 Algeria...... 70 Bolivia ...... 252 Chekiang...... 416 American ...... 74 Bone ...... 70 Chiconcuautla ...... 1528 Anam ...... 2251 Bosnia-Herzegovina ...... 255 Chihli...... 417 Andorra...... 75 Botswana ...... 260 Chihuahua...... 1517 Angola...... 86 Bougie...... 70 Chile...... 396 Anguilla...... 89 Brazil...... 263 Chilpancingo...... 1521 Anhalt-Dessau...... 859 Bremen ...... 863 China...... 405 Anhwei...... 414 British Caribbean Territories .... 714 China, Empire ...... 406 Antigua ...... 91 British Guiana ...... 1035 China, Peoples Republic ...... 469 Antigua & Barbuda...... 91 British Guiana and West Indies Chinese Soviet Republic ...... 536 Argentina ...... 91 ...... 1035 Cocos Islands ...... 1325 Armavir ...... 1839 British Honduras...... 275 Colombia...... 539 Armenia ...... 100 British North Borneo ...... 277 Comoros...... 550 Aruba ...... 103 ...... 277 Congo Free State...... 551 ...... 105 British West Africa ...... 291 Congo Republic ...... 551 Atlixtac...... 1520 Brunei ...... 296 Constantine...... 70 Australia...... 107 Brunswick-Wolfenbuttel...... 863 ...... 555 Austria ...... 149 Buelna...... 1528 Culion Island...... 1707 Azerbaijan ...... 172 Bukhara...... 388 Darfur ...... 1986 Azores...... 173 Bulgaria...... 300 Datia ...... 1086 Baden...... 860 Bundi ...... 1084 Dewas...... 1086 Bahamas ...... 174 Burma ...... 1561 Dominica...... 701 Bahawalpur ...... 1083 ...... 317 Dominican Republic...... 702 Bahrain ...... 191 Cabo Blanco...... 2249 Dungarpur...... 1086 Bangladesh ...... 193 Cacahuatepec...... 1520 Durango...... 1518 Barbados...... 194 Cacalotepec...... 1521 East Africa...... 710 Baroda ...... 1083 Cambay...... 1085 East Africa and Uganda...... 710 Bavaria...... 861 Cambodia...... 318, 321 East Caribbean States ...... 714 Belarus...... 201 Cameroon ...... 322 East Caribbean Territories...... 715 Belgian Congo...... 204 Campo Mordo...... 1521 Eastern Arden Protectorate.... 2268 Belgium...... 206 Canada...... 324 Eastern Turkestan ...... 460 Belize ...... 222 Cape Verde...... 373 Ecuador...... 717 Benin...... 231 Carrasco ...... 1528 Egypt...... 722 Bermuda ...... 234 Catamarca...... 99 El Salvador...... 759 W7382_p0001-0044.fm Page 6 Tuesday, April 3, 2012 11:36 AM

6 COUNTRY INDEX Equatorial African States...... 763 Guadalajara ...... 1522 Ivory Coast...... 1281 Equatorial ...... 764 Guadeloupe...... 1014 Jaipur...... 1091 ...... 773 Guatemala...... 1014 Jalisco...... 1522 Estado de Mexico...... 1522 Guernsey...... 1020 Jamaica...... 1282 Estonia...... 776 Guerrero ...... 1519 Japan ...... 1296 ...... 778 Guinea...... 1028 Jersey ...... 1308 Faeroe Islands...... 783 Guinea-Bissau...... 1033 Jodhpur ...... 1093 ...... 783 Guyana...... 1035 Jordan...... 1316 Fengtien ...... 419 Gwalior ...... 1086 Junagadh ...... 1095 ...... 791 Haiti ...... 1037 Kampuchea...... 320 Finland ...... 799 Hamburg...... 864 Kansu...... 432 France ...... 808 Heilungkiang ...... 422 Katanga...... 1322 French Afars & Issas...... 841 Hejaz ...... 1046 Kazakhstan...... 1323 French Equatorial Africa...... 841 Hejaz & Nejd ...... 1893 Keeling Cocos Islands...... 1325 French Equatorial Africa, Hesse-Darmstadt ...... 865 Kelantan...... 1439 Cameroon...... 322 Honan ...... 422 Kenya...... 1326 French Indo-China...... 842 Honduras ...... 1047 Khiva...... 389 French Oceania ...... 845 Hong Kong...... 1050 Khmere Republic ...... 319 French Polynesia...... 845 Hsiang-o-His...... 537 Kiangnan...... 433 French ...... 847 Hunan ...... 425 Kiangsi...... 437 French West Africa...... 848 Hunan ...... 537 Kiangsi...... 536 Fujairah ...... 848 Hungary ...... 1055 Kiangsu-Chingkiang...... 439 Fukien ...... 420 Hupeh ...... 430 Kiangsu-Kiangsoo...... 440 Gabon ...... 850 Hupeh-Honan-Anwhei...... 537 Kiau Chau...... 1329 Gambia ...... 851 Hyderabad...... 1087 Kiribati ...... 1329 Gelderland...... 1599 Iceland ...... 1078 Kirin ...... 442 Georgia ...... 856 India, British ...... 1107 Kishangarh...... 1096 German East Africa ...... 857 India, Portuguese...... 1105 Korea ...... 1332 German States ...... 859 India, Princely States ...... 1082 Korea, North ...... 1334 Germany, India, Republic...... 1116 Korea, South...... 1352 Democratic Republic ...... 912 Indonesia ...... 1135 Kotah ...... 1097 Germany, Empire ...... 876 Indore ...... 1091 Kutch ...... 1097 Germany, Federal Republic ...... 891 Iran ...... 1140 Kuwait...... 1359 Germany, Third Reich ...... 887 Iraq ...... 1156 Kwangsi-Kwangsea...... 444 Germany, Weimar Republic ..... 880 Ireland, Republic...... 1161 Kwangtung...... 445 Ghana ...... 923 Irian Barat ...... 1139 Kweichow ...... 446 Ghent ...... 222 Irish Free State...... 1161 ...... 1361 ...... 926 Isla de Providencia...... 2249 La Rioja...... 100 Great Britain...... 978 ...... 1165 Lao...... 1361 Greece...... 1003 Israel...... 1238 Latvia ...... 1367 Greeland...... 1012 Italian Somaliland ...... 1265 Lebanon...... 1371 Grenada ...... 1013 Italy...... 1266 Lesotho...... 1373 W7382_p0001-0044.fm Page 7 Tuesday, April 3, 2012 11:36 AM

COUNTRY INDEX 7 ...... 1378 Muscat & Oman...... 1559 Qatar...... 1771 Libya ...... 1414 Myanmar...... 1561 Qatar & Dubai ...... 1771 Liechtenstein...... 1416 Nagorno-Karabakh...... 1564 R.S.F.S.R...... 1791 Lippe-Detmold ...... 865 Namibia...... 1564 Ras al-Khaimah...... 1772 Lithuania ...... 1417 Nauru...... 1566 Reunion ...... 1774 Liverpool, N.S.W...... 147 Nepal...... 1567 Reuss-Obergreiz ...... 869 Lubeck ...... 866 Netherlands...... 1589 Reuss-Obergreiz ...... 869 Lunavada ...... 1100 Netherlands Antilles ...... 1599 Rhodesia...... 1775 Luxembourg ...... 1421 Netherlands East Indies ...... 1604 Rhodesia & Nyasaland...... 1776 ...... 1425 New Caledonia ...... 1606 Riau Archipelago...... 1139 Macedonia ...... 1432 New Guinea...... 1608 Romania ...... 1777 Madagascar ...... 1433 New Hebrides...... 1609 Ruanda-Urundi ...... 205 Madeira Islands...... 1436 New Zealand ...... 1610 Russia, Empire...... 1788 Malagasy Republic...... 1434 Newfoundland...... 371 Russia, Federation ...... 1809 Malawi ...... 1436 Nicaragua...... 1624 Russian Caucasia...... 1839 Malay Peninsula...... 1439 Niger...... 1631 Rwanda...... 1839 Malaya ...... 1440 ...... 1632 Rwanda-Burundi...... 1841 Malaya & British Borneo ...... 1441 ...... 1633 S. Tomé e Príncipe...... 1851 ...... 1441 North Korea ...... 1334 Saarland...... 1841 Maldive Islands...... 1447 North Viet Nam ...... 2252 Saharawi Arab Democratic Maler Kotla...... 1100 Norway ...... 1641 Republic...... 1842 Mali...... 1451 Oaxaca ...... 1525 Sailana ...... 1102 Malta...... 1452 Oldenburg ...... 867 ...... 1846 Manchuria...... 447 Oman ...... 1651 Saint Helena & Ascension...... 1848 Maracaibo Lazareto...... 2250 Oran...... 70 Saint Kitts & Nevis...... 1849 Marshall Islands...... 1460 Ottoman Empire...... 2093 Saint Lucia...... 1850 Martinique...... 1490 Pakistan ...... 1659 Saint Pierre & Miquelon...... 1851 Mauritania...... 1490 Palau...... 1664 Saint Thomas & Prince ...... 1851 Mauritius...... 1491 Palestine ...... 1668 Saint Vincent...... 1859 Mecklenburg-Schwerin ...... 866 Papua New Guinea...... 1669 Samoa...... 74, 1859 Mecklenburg-Strelitz...... 867 Paraguay...... 1674 San Marino ...... 1868 Mewar...... 1101 Patiala ...... 1102 Santander ...... 349 Mexico ...... 1495 Peru ...... 1685 Sarawak ...... 1892 Mexico, Revolutionary ...... 1517 ...... 1697 Saudi Arabia...... 1893 Moldova...... 1529 P-ing Chiang County ...... 537 Saxe-Altenburg ...... 871 Monaco...... 1530 ...... 1708 Saxe-Coburg-Gotha ...... 872 Mongolia...... 1533 Poland...... 1709 Saxe-Meiningen ...... 872 Montenegro ...... 1544 Portugal ...... 1753 Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach ...... 873 Montserrat ...... 1545 Portuguese Guinea...... 1032 Saxony...... 870 Morelos...... 1524 Portuguese India...... 1105 Saxony-Albertine...... 870 Morocco ...... 1545 Prussia...... 868 Schaumburg-Lippe ...... 874 Mozambique ...... 1554 Puebla...... 1528 Schleswig-Holstein ...... 874 W7382_p0001-0044.fm Page 8 Tuesday, April 3, 2012 11:36 AM

8 COUNTRY INDEX Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt ...... 874 Sweden ...... 1995 U.S.S.R...... 1791 Schwarzburg-Sondershausen Switzerland ...... 2005 Uganda ...... 2149 ...... 874 Syria ...... 2015 Ukraine ...... 2158 ...... 1897 Szechuan ...... 461 Umm al-Qaiwain ...... 2167 Serbia ...... 1899 Szechuan-Shensi ...... 538 United Arab Emirates ...... 2168 ...... 1900 Tajakistan...... 2019 United Arab Republic, Egypt .... 729 Shansi...... 448 Tannu Tuva ...... 2019 United Arab Republic, Syria ... 2017 Shantung ...... 448 ...... 2020 United Kingdom...... 978 Sharjah ...... 1908 Taxco ...... 1522 United States of America ...... 2172 Shensi...... 449 Tenancingo ...... 1523 Uruguay ...... 2209 Shensi-North...... 537 Tetela del Oro y Ocampo...... 1528 ...... 2217 Siam ...... 2025 Thailand ...... 2025 Valdivia ...... 404 ...... 1909 Thingeyri...... 1079 ...... 2218 Sinaloa...... 1528 Thule-Kap York ...... 1013 Vatican City...... 2221 Singapore ...... 1916 Tibet...... 2047 Venezuela...... 2243 Sinkiang...... 449 Timor ...... 2055 Viet Nam ...... 2250 Slovakia ...... 1929 Togo ...... 2056 Viet Nam, North ...... 2252 Slovenia ...... 1934 Islands...... 2057 Viet Nam, South...... 2256 ...... 1937 Toluca ...... 1524 Waldeck-Pyrmont ...... 874 Somalia...... 1944 ...... 2060 Wan-His-Pei...... 539 Somaliland...... 1953 Tonk...... 1103 West African States...... 2257 South Africa ...... 1953 Tonkin...... 2072 Wurttemberg...... 875 South Korea ...... 1352 Transnistria...... 2073 Yemen...... 2259 South Viet Nam...... 2256 Travancore...... 1103 Yemen Arab Republic ...... 2264 Spitzbergen...... 1973 Trengganu...... 1440 Yemen, Democratic Rep...... 2269 Sri Lanka...... 1974 Trinidad & Tobago ...... 2073 Yemen, Republic...... 2269 Straits Settlements...... 1977 ...... 2079 Yugoslavia ...... 2270 Sudan ...... 1979 Tunisia ...... 2080 Yunnan ...... 466 Suiyuan...... 461 Turkey...... 2093 Yunnan-Szechuan...... 469 Suriana ...... 1521 Turkmenistan...... 2124 Zaïre...... 2283 Suriname ...... 1987 Turks & Caicos Islands ...... 2126 Zambia...... 2285 Swaziland...... 1991 Tuvalu ...... 2146 Zanzibar ...... 2298 Zimbabwe ...... 2298 W7382_p0001-0044.fm Page 9 Tuesday, April 3, 2012 11:36 AM

HOW TO USE THIS CATALOG 9 HOW TO USE THIS CATALOG

This catalog series is designed to serve the needs of This is not always the case, however, as in Norge for both the novice and advanced collectors. It provides a Norway, Espana for Spain, Sverige for Sweden and Hel- comprehensive guide to over 100 years of world coinage. vetia for Switzerland. Some other examples include: It is generally arranged so that persons with no more DEUTSCHES REICH - Germany 1873-1945 than a basic knowledge of world history and a casual BUNDESREPUBLIC DEUTSCHLAND - Federal acquaintance with coin collecting can consult it with con- Republic of Germany. fidence and ease. The following explanations summarize DEUTSCHE DEMOKRATISCHE REPUBLIK - the general practices used in preparing this catalog's list- German Democratic Republic. ings. However, because of specialized requirements, EMPIRE CHERIFIEN MAROC - Morocco. which may vary by country and era, these must not be ESTADOS UNIDOS MEXICANOS - United Mexican considered ironclad. Where these standards have been States (Mexico). set aside, appropriate notations of the variations are ETAT DU GRAND LIBAN - State of Great Lebanon incorporated in that particular listing. (Lebanon). Thus it can be seen there are instances in which a little ARRANGEMENT schooling in the rudiments of foreign languages can be Countries are arranged alphabetically. Political most helpful. In general, colonial possessions of coun- changes within a country are arranged chronologically. In tries using the Western alphabet are similarly identifiable countries where Rulers are the single most significant as they often carry portraits of their current rulers, the political entity, a chronological arrangement by Ruler has familiar lettering, sometimes in combination with a com- been employed. Distinctive sub-geographic regions are panion designation in the local language. listed alphabetically following the country’s main listings. Collectors have the greatest difficulty with coins that A few exceptions to these rules may exist. Refer to the do not bear legends or dates in the Western systems. Country Index. These include coins bearing Cyrillic lettering attributable Diverse coinage types relating to fabrication methods, to Bulgaria, Russia, the Slavic states and Mongolia; the revaluations, denomination systems, non-circulating cat- Greek script peculiar to Greece, Crete and the Ionian egories and such have been identified, separated and Islands; the Amharic characters of Ethiopia; or Hebrew in arranged in logical fashion. Chronological arrangement the case of Israel. Dragons and sunbursts along with the is employed for most circulating coinage, i.e., Hammered distinctive word characters attribute a coin to the Oriental coinage will normally precede Milled coinage, monetary countries of China, Japan, Korea, Tibet, Viet Nam and reforms will flow in order of their institution. Non-circulat- their component parts. ing types such as Essais, Pieforts, Patterns, Trial Strikes, The most difficult coins to identify are those bearing Mint and Proof sets will follow the main listings. only Persian or Arabic script and its derivatives, found on Within a coinage type coins will be listed by denomina- the issues of nations stretching in a wide swath across tion, from smallest to largest. Numbered types within a North Africa and East Asia, from Morocco to Indonesia, denomination will be ordered by their first date of issue. and the Indian subcontinent coinages which surely are more confusing in their vast array of Nagari, Sanskrit, IDENTIFICATION Ahom, Assamese and other local dialects found on the local issues of the Indian Princely States. Although the The most important step in the identification of a coin task of identification on the more modern issues of these is the determination of the nation of origin. This is gener- lands is often eased by the added presence of Western ally easily accomplished where English-speaking lands alphabet legends, a feature sometimes adopted as early are concerned, however, use of the country index is as the late 19th Century, for the earlier pieces it is often sometimes required. The coins of Great Britain provide necessary for the uninitiated to laboriously seek and find. an interesting challenge. For hundreds of years the only Except for the cruder issues, however, it will be found indication of the country of origin was in the abbreviated that certain characteristics and symbols featured in addi- Latin legends. In recent times there have been occasions tion to the predominant legends are typical on coins from when there has been no indication of origin. Only through a given country or group of countries. The toughra mono- the familiarity of the monarchical portraits, symbols and gram, for instance, occurs on some of the coins of legends or indication of currency system are they identifi- Afghanistan, Egypt, the Sudan, Pakistan, Turkey and able. other areas of the late Ottoman Empire. A predominant The coins of many countries beyond the English-lan- design feature on the coins of Nepal is the trident; while guage realm, such as those of French, Italian or Spanish neighboring Tibet features a lotus blossom or lion on heritage, are also quite easy to identify through reference many of their issues. to their legends, which appear in the national languages To assist in identification of the more difficult coins, we based on Western alphabets. In many instances the have assembled the Instant Identifier and Monogram name is spelled exactly the same in English as in the sections presented on the following pages. They are national language, such as France; while in other cases it designed to provide a point of beginning for collectors by varies only slightly, like Italia for Italy, Belgique or Belgie allowing them to compare unidentified coins with photo- for Belgium, Brasil for Brazil and Danmark for Denmark. graphic details from typical issues. W7382_p0001-0044.fm Page 10 Tuesday, April 3, 2012 11:36 AM

10 HOW TO USE THIS CATALOG

We also suggest reference to the Index of Coin dating; and that of the Jewish people, which commenced Denominations presented here and also the comprehen- on Oct. 7, 3761 BC. Korea claims a legendary dating sive Country Index, where the inscription will be found from 2333 BC, which is acknowledged in some of its coin listed just as it appears on the coin for nations using the dating. Some coin issues of the Indonesian area carry Western alphabet. dates determined by the Javanese Aji Saka era (AS), a calendar of 354 days (100 Javanese years equal 97 DATING Christian or Gregorian calendar years), which can be Coin dating is the final basic attribution consideration. matched to AD dating by comparing it to AH dating. Here, the problem can be more difficult because the The following table indicates the year dating for the reading of a coin date is subject not only to the vagaries various eras, which correspond to 2009 in Christian cal- of numeric styling, but to calendar variations caused by endar reckoning, but it must be remembered that there the observance of various religious eras or regal periods are overlaps between the eras in some instances. from country to country, or even within a country. Here Christian era (AD) -2010 again, with the exception of the sphere from North Africa Muslim era (AH) -AH1431 through the Orient, it will be found that most countries Solar year (SH) -SH1388 rely on Western date numerals and Christian (AD) era Monarchic Solar era (MS) -MS2569 reckoning, although in a few instances, coin dating has Vikrama Samvat (VS) -VS2067 been tied to the year of a reign or government. The Vati- Saka era (SE) -SE1932 can, for example dates its coinage according to the year Buddhist era (BE) -BE2553 of reign of the current pope, in addition to the Christian- Bangkok era (RS) -RS229 era date. Chula-Sakarat era (CS) -CS1372 Countries in the Arabic sphere generally date their Ethiopian era (EE) -EE2003 coins to the Muslim era (AH), which commenced on Korean era -4343 July 16, 622 AD (Julian calendar), when the prophet Javanese Aji Saka era (AS) -AS1943 Mohammed fled from Mecca to Medina. As their calen- Fasli era (FE) -FE1420 dar is reckoned by the lunar year of 354 days, which is Jewish era (JE) -JE5770 about three percent (precisely 2.98%) shorter than the Roman -MMX Christian year, a formula is required to convert AH dat- Coins of Asian origin - principally Japan, Korea, China, ing to its Western equivalent. To convert an AH date to Turkestan and Tibet and some modern gold issues of the approximate AD date, subtract three percent of the Turkey - are generally dated to the year of the govern- AH date (round to the closest whole number) from the ment, dynasty, reign or cyclic eras, with the dates indi- AH date and add 622. A chart converting all AH years cated in Asian characters which usually read from right to from 1010 (July 2, 1601) to 1450 (May 25, 2028) may left. In recent years, however, some dating has been be found elsewhere in the catalog under the name according to the Christian calendar and in Western Hejira Date Chart. numerals. In Japan, Asian character dating was reversed The Muslim calendar is not always based on the lunar to read from left to right in Showa year 23 (1948 AD). year (AH), however, causing some confusion, particularly More detailed guides to less prevalent coin dating sys- in Afghanistan and Iran, where a calendar based on the tems, which are strictly local in nature, are presented with solar year (SH) was introduced around 1920. These the appropriate listings. dates can be converted to AD by simply adding 621. In Some coins carry dates according to both locally 1976 the government of Iran implemented a new solar observed and Christian eras. This is particularly true in calendar based on the foundation of the Iranian monar- the Arabic world, where the Hejira date may be indicated chy in 559 BC. The first year observed on the new calen- in Arabic numerals and the Christian date in Western dar was 2535 (MS), which commenced March 20, 1976. numerals, or both dates in either form. A reversion to the traditional SH dating standard The date actually carried on a given coin is generally occurred a few years later. cataloged here in the first column (Date) to the right of Several different eras of reckoning, including Christian the catalog number. If this date is by a non-Christian dat- and Muslim (AH), have been used to date coins of the ing system, such as 'AH' (Muslim), the Christian equiva- Indian subcontinent. The two basic systems are the lent date will appear in parentheses(), for example Vikrama Samvat (VS), which dates from Oct. 18, 58 BC, AH1336(1917). Dates listed alone in the date column and the Saka era, the origin of which is reckoned from which do not actually appear on a given coin, or dates March 3, 78 AD. Dating according to both eras appears which are known, but do not appear on the coin, are gen- on various coins of the area. erally enclosed by parentheses with 'ND' at the left, for Coins of Thailand (Siam) are found dated by three dif- example ND(1926). ferent eras. The most predominant is the Buddhist era Timing differentials between some era of reckoning, (BE), which originated in 543 BC. Next is the Bangkok or particularly the 354-day Mohammedan and 365-day Ratanakosindsok (RS) era, dating from 1781 AD; fol- Christian years, cause situations whereby coins which lowed by the Chula-Sakarat (CS) era, dating from 638 carry dates for both eras exist bearing two year dates AD. The latter era originated in Burma and is used on from one calendar combined with a single date from that country's coins. another. Other calendars include that of the Ethiopian era (EE), Countermarked Coinage is presented with both ‘Coun- which commenced seven years, eight months after AD termark Date’ and ‘Host Coin’ date for each type. Actual date representation follows the rules outlined above. W7382_p0001-0044.fm Page 11 Tuesday, April 3, 2012 11:36 AM

HOW TO USE THIS CATALOG 11 NUMBERING SYSTEM played on coins, it must be remembered that these are general representations of characters, which individual Some catalog numbers assigned in this volume are coin engravers may have rendered in widely varying based on established references. This practice has been styles. Where numeric or script denominations designa- observed for two reasons: First, when world coins are tion forms peculiar to a given coin or country apply, such listed chronologically they are basically self-cataloging; as the script used on some Persian (Iranian) issues. second, there was no need to confuse collectors with They are so indicated or illustrated in conjunction with the totally new numeric designations where appropriate sys- appropriate listings. tems already existed. As time progressed we found many of these established systems incomplete and inadequate MINTAGES and have now replaced many with new KM numbers. When numbers change appropriate cross-referencing Quantities minted of each date are indicated where has been provided. that information is available, generally stated in mil- Some of the coins listed in this catalog are identified or lions or rounded off to the nearest 10,000 pieces when cross-referenced by numbers assigned by R.S. Yeoman more exact figures are not available. On quantities of a (Y#), or slight adaptations thereof, in his Modern World few thousand or less, actual mintages are generally Coins, and Current Coins of the World. For the pre-Yeo- indicated. For combined mintage figures the abbrevia- man dated issues, the numbers assigned by William D. tion “Inc. Above” means Included Above, while “Inc. Craig (C#) in his Coins of the World (1750-1850 period), Below” means Included Below. “Est.” beside a mintage 3rd edition, have generally been applied. figure indicates the number given is an estimate or In some countries, listings are cross-referenced to mintage limit. Robert Friedberg's (FR#) Gold Coins of the World or MINT AND PRIVY MARKS Coins of the British World. Major Fred Pridmore's (P#) studies of British colonial coinage are also referenced, as The presence of distinctive, but frequently inconspicu- are W.H. Valentine's (V#) references on the Modern Cop- ously placed, mintmarks indicates the mint of issue for per Coins of the Mohammedan States. Coins issued many of the coins listed in this catalog. An appropriate under the Chinese sphere of influence are assigned designation in the date listings notes the presence, if any, numbers from E. Kann's (K#) Illustrated Catalog of Chi- of a mint mark on a particular coin type by incorporating nese Coins and T.K. Hsu's (Su) work of similar title. In the letter or letters of the mint mark adjoining the date, most cases, these cross-reference numbers are pre- i.e., 1950D or 1927R. sented in the descriptive text for each type. The presence of mint and/or mintmaster's privy marks on a coin in non-letter form is indicated by incorporating DENOMINATIONS the mint letter in lower case within parentheses adjoining The second basic consideration to be met in the attri- the date; i.e. 1927(a). The corresponding mark is illus- bution of a coin is the determination of denomination. trated or identified in the introduction of the country. Since denominations are usually expressed in numeric In countries such as France and Mexico, where many rather than word form on a coin, this is usually quite eas- mints may be producing like coinage in the same denom- ily accomplished on coins from nations which use West- ination during the same time period, divisions by mint ern numerals, except in those instances where issues have been employed. In these cases the mint mark may are devoid of any mention of face value, and denomina- appear next to the individual date listings and/or the mint tion must be attributed by size, metallic composition or name or mint mark may be listed in the Note field of the weight. Coins listed in this volume are generally illus- type description. trated in actual size. Where size is critical to proper attri- Where listings incorporate mintmaster initials, they are bution, the coin's millimeter size is indicated. always presented in capital letters separated from the The sphere of countries stretching from North Africa date by one character space; i.e., 1850 MF. The different through the Orient, on which numeric symbols generally mintmark and mintmaster letters found on the coins of unfamiliar to Westerners are employed, often provide the any country, state or city of issue are always shown at collector with a much greater challenge. This is particu- the beginning of listings. larly true on nearly all pre-20th Century issues. On some METALS of the more modern issues and increasingly so as the years progress, Western-style numerals usually pre- Each numbered type listing will contain a description sented in combination with the local numeric system are of the coins metallic content. The traditional coinage met- becoming more commonplace on these coins. als and their symbolic chemical abbreviations sometimes Determination of a coin's currency system can also be used in this catalog are: valuable in attributing the issue to its country of origin. A Platinum - (PT) Copper - (Cu) comprehensive alphabetical index of currency names, Gold - (Au) Brass - applicable to the countries as cataloged in this volume, Silver - (Ag) Copper-nickel- (CN) with all individual nations of use for each, is presented in Billion - Lead - (Pb) this section. Nickel - (Ni) Steel - The included table of Standard International Numeral Zinc - (Zn) Tin - (Sn) Systems presents charts of the basic numeric designa- Bronze - (Ae) Aluminum - (Al) tions found on coins of non-Western origin. Although During the 18th and 19th centuries, most of the world's denomination numerals are generally prominently dis- coins were struck of copper or bronze, silver and gold. W7382_p0001-0044.fm Page 12 Tuesday, April 3, 2012 11:36 AM

12 HOW TO USE THIS CATALOG

Commencing in the early years of the 20th century, how- total precious metal content of coins has become espe- ever, numerous new coinage metals, primarily non-pre- cially significant where bullion coins - issues which trade cious metal alloys, were introduced. Gold has not been on the basis of their intrinsic metallic content rather than widely used for circulation coinages since World War I, numismatic value - are concerned. In many instances, although silver remained a popular coinage metal in most such issues have become worth more in bullion form parts of the world until after World War II. With the disap- than their nominal collector values or denominations indi- pearance of silver for circulation coinage, numerous addi- cate. tional compositions were introduced to coinage Establishing the weight of a coin can also be valuable applications. for determining its denomination. Actual weight is also Most recent is the development of clad or plated necessary to ascertain the specific gravity of the coin's planchets in order to maintain circulation life and extend metallic content, an important factor in determining the life of a set of production dies as used in the produc- authenticity. tion of the copper-nickel clad copper 50 centesimos of TROY WEIGHT STANDARDS Panama or in the latter case to reduce production costs of the planchets and yet provide a coin quite similar in 24 Grains = 1 Pennyweight appearance to its predecessor as in the case of the cop- 480 Grains = 1 Ounce per plated zinc core United States 1983 cent. 31.103 Grams = 1 Ounce Modern commemorative coins have employed still UNIFORM WEIGHTS more unusual methods such as bimetallic coins, color 15.432 Grains = 1 Gram applications and precious metal or gem inlays. 0.0648 Gram = 1 Grain OFF-METAL STRIKES AVOIRDUPOIS STANDARDS 27-11/32 Grains = 11 Dram Off-metal strikes previously designated by “(OMS)” 437-1/2 Grains = 1 Ounce which also included the wide range of error coinage 28.350 Grams = 1 Ounce struck in other than their officially authorized composi- tions have been incorporated into Pattern listings along BULLION VALUE with special issues, which were struck for presentation or other reasons. The simplest method for determining the bullion value Collectors of Germanic coinage may be familiar with of a precious metal coin is to multiply the actual precious the term “Abschlag” which quickly identifies similar types metal weight by the current spot price for that metal. of coinage. Using the example above, a silver coin with a .6822 actual silver weight (ASW) would have an intrinsic value PRECIOUS METAL WEIGHTS of $7.85 when the spot price of silver is $11.50. If the spot price of silver rose to $17.95 that same coins intrin- Listings of weight, fineness and actual silver (ASW), sic value would rise to $12.25. gold (AGW), platinum or palladium (APW) content of most machine-struck silver, gold, platinum and palladium HOMELAND TYPES coins are provided in this edition. This information will be found incorporated in each separate type listing, along Homeland types are coins which colonial powers used with other data related to the coin. in a colony, but do not bear that location's name. In some The ASW, AGW and APW figures were determined by cases they were legal tender in the homeland, in others multiplying the gross weight of a given coin by its known not. They are listed under the homeland and cross-refer- or tested fineness and converting the resulting gram or enced at the colony listing. grain weight to troy ounces, rounded to the nearest ten- thousandth of an ounce. A silver coin with a 24.25-gram COUNTERMARKS/COUNTERSTAMPS weight and .875 fineness for example, would have a fine There is some confusion among collectors over the weight of approximately 21.2188 grams, or a .6822 ASW, terms “countermark” and “counterstamp” when applied to a factor that can be used to accurately determine the a coin bearing an additional mark or change of design intrinsic value for multiple examples. and/or denomination. The ASW, AGW or APW figure can be multiplied by To clarify, a countermark might be considered similar the spot price of each precious metal to determine the to the “hall mark” applied to a piece of silverware, by current intrinsic value of any coin accompanied by these which a silversmith assured the quality of the piece. In designations. the same way, a countermark assures the quality of the Coin weights are indicated in grams (abbreviated “g”) coin on which it is placed, as, for example, when the royal along with fineness where the information is of value in crown of England was countermarked (punched into) on differentiating between types. These weights are based segmented Spanish reales, allowing them to circulate in on 31.103 grams per troy (scientific) ounce, as opposed commerce in the British West Indies. An additional coun- to the avoirdupois (commercial) standard of 28.35 grams. termark indicating the new denomination may also be Actual coin weights are generally shown in hundredths or encountered on these coins. thousands of a gram; i.e., 0.500 SILVER Countermarks are generally applied singularly and 2.9200g.WEIGHTS AND FINENESSES in most cases indiscriminately on either side of the As the silver and gold bullion markets have advanced “host” coin. and declined sharply over the years, the fineness and W7382_p0001-0044.fm Page 13 Tuesday, April 3, 2012 11:36 AM

HOW TO USE THIS CATALOG 13

All valuations are stated in U.S. dollars, based on careful assessment of the varied international collector market. Valuations for coins priced below $100.00 are generally stated in full amounts - i.e. 37.50 or 95.00 - while valuations at or above that figure are rounded off in even dollars - i.e. $125.00 is expressed 125. A comma is added to indicate thousands of dollars in value. For the convenience of overseas collectors and for U.S. collectors doing business with overseas dealers, the Counterstamped coins are more extensively altered. base exchange rate for the national currencies of approx- The counterstamping is done with a set of dies, rather imately 180 countries are presented in the Foreign than a hand punch. The coin being counterstamped is Exchange Table. placed between the new dies and struck as if it were a It should be noted that when particularly select uncir- blank planchet as found with the Manila 8 reales issue of culated or proof-like examples of uncirculated coins the Philippines. A more unusual application where the become available they can be expected to command pro- counterstamp dies were smaller than the host coin in the portionately high premiums. Such examples in reference revalidated 50 centimos and 1 colon of Costa Rica issued to choice Germanic Thalers are referred to as “erst in 1923. schlage” or first strikes. PHOTOGRAPHS MEDALLIC ISSUES To assist the reader in coin identification, every effort Medallic issues are similar to coin-type issues and can has been made to present actual size photographs of generally be identified as commemoratives produced to every coinage type listed. Obverse and reverse are illus- the country's established coinage standards but without trated, except when a change in design is restricted to the usual indicator of denomination. These pieces some- one side, and the coin has a diameter of 39mm or larger, times feature designs adapted from the country's regular in which case only the side required for identification of issue or commemorative coinage, and occassionally the type is generally illustrated. All coins up to 60mm are have been issued in conjunction with related coinage illustrated actual size, to the nearest 1/2mm up to 25mm, issues. Medallic issues, though bearing these similarites and to the nearest 1mm thereafter. Coins larger than to coinage issues, are not coins and therefore are not 60mm diameter are illustrated in reduced size, with the listed in this catalog, but can be found in the companion actual size noted in the descriptive text block. Where catalog Unusual World Coins. slight change in size is important to coin type identifica- tion, actual millimeter measurements are stated. RESTRIKES, COUNTERFEITS TRADE COINS Deceptive restrike and counterfeit (both contemporary and modern) examples exist of some coin issues. Where From approximately 1750-1940, a number of nations, possible, the existence of restrikes is noted. Warnings particularly European colonial powers and commercial are also incorporated in instances where particularly traders, minted trade coins to facilitate commerce with deceptive counterfeits are known to exist. Collectors who the local populace of Africa, the Arab countries, the are uncertain about the authenticity of a coin held in their Indian subcontinental, Southeast Asia and the Far East. collection, or being offered for sale, should take the pre- Such coins generally circulated at a value based on the caution of having it authenticated by the American weight and fineness of their silver or gold content, rather Numismatic Association Authentication Bureau, 818 N. than their stated denomination. Examples include the Cascade, Colorado Springs, CO 80903. Their reasonably sovereigns of Great Britain and the gold ducat issues of priced certification tests are widely accepted by collectors Austria, Hungary and the Netherlands. Trade coinage will and dealers alike. sometimes be found listed at the end of the domestic issues. NON-CIRCULATING VALUATIONS LEGAL TENDER COINS Values quoted in this catalog represent the current mar- Coins of non-circulating legal tender (NCLT) origin are ket and are compiled from recommendations provided and individually listed and integrated by denomination into the verified through various source documents and special- regular listings for each country. These coins fall outside ized consultants. It should be stressed, however, that this the customary definitions of coin-of-the-realm issues, but book is intended to serve only as an aid for evaluating where created and sold by, or under authorization of, coins, actual market conditions are constantly changing agencies of sovereign governments expressly for collec- and additional influences, such as particularly strong local tors. These are primarily individual coins and sets of a demand for certain coin series, fluctuation of international commemorative nature, marketed at prices substantially exchange rates, changes in spot price of precious metals in excess of face value, and usually do not have counter- and worldwide collection patterns must also be consid- parts released for circulation. ered. Publication of this catalog is not intended as a solici- tation by the publisher, editors or contributors to buy or sell the coins listed at the prices indicated. W7382_p0001-0044.fm Page 14 Tuesday, April 3, 2012 11:36 AM

14 HOW TO USE THIS CATALOG EDGE VARIETIES Mint Sets/Fleur de Coin Sets: Specially prepared by worldwide mints to provide banks, collectors and govern- ment dignitaries with examples of current coinage. Usually P-Plain subjected to rigorous inspection to insure that top quality specimens of selected business strikes are provided. One Reeded of the most popular mint set is that given out by the mon- arch of Great Britain each year on Maunday Thursday.

Slant-Reeded Right This set contains four special coins in denominations of 1, 2, 3 and 4 pence, struck in silver and contained in a little pouch. They have been given away in a special ceremony Slant-Reeded Left for the poor for more than two centuries. The Paris Mint introduced polyvinyl plastic cases Reeding packed within a cardboard box for homeland and colonial Fleur de Coin sets of the 1960s. British colonial sets were Center Slanted Reeding Right issued in velvet-lined metal cases similar to those used for proof sets. For its client nations, the Franklin Mint

Center Slanted Reeding Left introduced a sealed composition of cardboard and spe- cially molded hard clear plastic protective container inserted in a soft plastic wallet. Recent discovery that soft HBR, HBL-Herring Bone right/left polyvinyl packaging has proved hazardous to coins has resulted in a change to the use of hard, inert plastics for S1-Security 1 virtually all mint sets. Some of the highest quality mint sets ever produced S2-Security 2 were those struck by the Franklin Mint during 1972-74. In many cases matte finish dies were used to strike a pol- S3-Security 3 ished proof planchet. Later on, from 1975, sets contained highly polished, glassy-looking coins (similar to those NEW ISSUES struck by the Bombay Mint) for collectors over a period of 12 years. All newly released coins dated up to the year 2000 that Specimen Sets: Forerunners of today's proof sets. In have been physically observed by our staff or identified most cases the coins were specially struck, perhaps by reliable sources and have been confirmed by press even double struck, to produce a very soft or matte finish time have been incorporated in this edition. Exceptions on the effigies and fields, along with high, sharp, “wire” exist in some countries where current date coin produc- rims. The finish is rather dull to the naked eye. tion lags far behind or information on current issues is The original purpose of these sets was to provide less accessible. VIPs, monarchs and mintmasters around the world with samples of the highest quality workmanship of a particu- SETS lar mint. These were usually housed in elaborate velvet- Listings in this catalog for specimen, proof and mint lined leather and metal cases. sets are for official, government-produced sets. In many Proof-like Sets are relatively new to the field of instances privately packaged sets also exist. numismatics. During the mid 1950s the Royal Canadian

Coin Alignment Medal Alignment COIN vs MEDAL ALIGNMENT Some coins are struck with obverse and reverse aligned at a rotation of 180 degrees from each other. When a coin is held for vertical viewing with the obverse design aligned upright and the index finger and thumb at the top and bottom, upon rota- tion from left to right for viewing the reverse, the latter will be upside down. Such alignment is called “coin rotation.” Other coins are struck with the obverse and reverse designs mated on an alignment of zero or 360 degrees. If such an example is held and rotated as described, the reverse will appear upright. This is the alignment, which is generally observed in the strik- ing of medals, and for that reason coins produced in this manner are considered struck in “medal rotation”. In some instances, often through error, certain coin issues have been struck to both alignment standards, creating interesting collect- ible varieties, which will be found noted in some listings. In addition, some countries are now producing coins with other des- ignated obverse to reverse alignments which are considered standard for this type. W7382_p0001-0044.fm Page 15 Tuesday, April 3, 2012 11:36 AM

HOW TO USE THIS CATALOG 15

Mint furnished the hobby with specially selected early the 5-ore (KM#554) of Sweden has a crown above the business strike coins that exhibited some qualities similar monogram on which the beads on the arches show wear to proof coinage. However, the “proof-like” fields are gen- most clearly. So, grade by the crown alone. erally flawed and the edges are rounded. These pieces For Brilliant Uncirculated (BU) grades there will be are not double struck. These are commonly encountered no visible signs of wear or handling, even under a 30- in cardboard holders, later in soft plastic or pliofilm pack- power microscope. Full mint luster will be present. Ideally aging. Of late, the Royal Canadian Mint packages such no bags marks will be evident. sets in rigid plastic cases. For Uncirculated (Unc.) grades there will be no visible Many worldwide officially issued proof sets would in signs of wear or handling, even under a 30-power micro- reality fall into this category upon careful examination of scope. Bag marks may be present. the quality of the coin's finish. For Almost Uncirculated (AU), all detail will be visi- Another term encountered in this category is “Special ble. There will be wear only on the highest point of the Select,” used to describe the crowns of the Union of coin. There will often be half or more of the original mint South Africa and 100-schilling coins produced for collec- luster present. tors in the late 1970s by the Austrian Mint. On the Extremely Fine (XF or EF) coin, there will be Proof Sets: This is undoubtedly among the most mis- about 95% of the original detail visible. Or, on a coin with used terms in the hobby, not only by collectors and deal- a design with no inner detail to wear down, there will be a ers, but also by many of the world mints. light wear over nearly all the coin. If a small design is A true proof set must be at least double-struck on spe- used as the grading area, about 90% of the original detail cially prepared polished planchets and struck using dies will be visible. This latter rule stems from the logic that a (often themselves polished) of the highest quality. smaller amount of detail needs to be present because a Modern-day proof quality consists of frosted effigies small area is being used to grade the whole coin. surrounded by absolute mirror-like fields. The Very Fine (VF) coin will have about 75% of the Listings for proof sets in this catalog are for officially original detail visible. Or, on a coin with no inner detail, issued proof sets so designated by the issuing authority, there will be moderate wear over the entire coin. Corners and may or may not possess what are considered mod- of letters and numbers may be weak. A small grading ern proof quality standards. area will have about 66% of the original detail. It is necessary for collectors to acquire the knowledge For Fine (F), there will be about 50% of the original to allow them to differentiate true proof sets from would-be detail visible. Or, on a coin with no inner detail, there will proof sets and proof-like sets which may be encountered. be fairly heavy wear over all of the coin. Sides of letters will be weak. A typically uncleaned coin will often appear CONDITIONS/GRADING as dirty or dull. A small grading area will have just under Wherever possible, coin valuations are given in four or 50% of the original detail. five grades of preservation. For modern commemora- On the Very Good (VG) coin, there will be about 25% tives, which do not circulate, only uncirculated values are of the original detail visible. There will be heavy wear on usually sufficient. Proof issues are indicated by the word all of the coin. “Proof” next to the date, with valuation proceeded by the The Good (G) coin's design will be clearly outlined but word “value” following the mintage. For very recent circu- with substantial wear. Some of the larger detail may be lating coins and coins of limited value, one, two or three visible. The rim may have a few weak spots of wear. grade values are presented. On the About Good (AG) coin, there will typically be There are almost no grading guides for world coins. only a silhouette of a large design. The rim will be worn What follows is an attempt to help bridge that gap until a down into the letters if any. detailed, illustrated guide becomes available. Strong or weak strikes, partially weak strikes, damage, In grading world coins, there are two elements to look corrosion, attractive or unattractive toning, dipping or for: 1) Overall wear, and 2) loss of design details, such as cleaning should be described along with the above strands of hair, feathers on eagles, designs on coats of grades. These factors affect the quality of the coin just as arms, etc. do wear and loss of detail, but are easier to describe. The age, rarity or type of a coin should not be a con- In the case of countermarked/counterstamped coins, sideration in grading. the condition of the host coin will have a bearing on the Grade each coin by the weaker of the two sides. This end valuation. The important factor in determining the method appears to give results most nearly consistent grade is the condition, clarity and completeness of the with conservative American Numismatic Association countermark itself. This is in reference to counter- standards for U.S. coins. Split grades, i.e., F/VF for marks/counterstamps having raised design while being obverse and reverse, respectively, are normally no more struck in a depression. than one grade apart. If the two sides are more than one Incuse countermarks cannot be graded for wear. They grade apart, the series of coins probably wears differently are graded by the clarity and completeness including the on each side and should then be graded by the weaker condition of the host coin which will also have more bear- side alone. ing on the final grade/valuation determined. Grade by the amount of overall wear and loss of design detail evident on each side of the coin. On coins with a moderately small design element, which is prone to early wear, grade by that design alone. For example, W7382_p0001-0044.fm Page 16 Tuesday, April 3, 2012 11:36 AM

16 STANDARD INTERNATIONAL GRADING TERMINOLOGY AND ABBREVIATIONS STANDARD INTERNATIONAL GRADING TERMINOLOGY AND ABBREVIATIONS W7382_p0001-0044.fm Page 17 Tuesday, April 3, 2012 11:36 AM

STANDARD INTERNATIONAL NUMERAL SYSTEMS 17 STANDARD INTERNATIONAL NUMERAL SYSTEMS Prepared especially for the Standard Catalog of World Coins© 2012 by Krause Publications

8FTUFSO  ˜               3PNBO

"SBCJD5VSLJTI

.BMBZ1FSTJBO

&BTUFSO"SBCJD

)ZEFSBCBE"SBCJD

*OEJBO 4BOTLSJU

"TTBNFTF

#FOHBMJ

(VKBSBUJ  ,VUDI

%FWBWOBHSJ

/FQBMFTF

5JCFUBO  .POHPMJBO

#VSNFTF

5IBJ-BP

-BP-BPUJBO

+BWBOFTF 0SEJOBSZ$IJOFTF +BQBOFTF,PSFBO 0GàDJBM$IJOFTF $PNNFSDJBM $IJOFTF ,PSFBO

(FPSHJBO

&UIJPQJBO

)FCSFX

(SFFL W7382_p1788-1933.fm Page 1893 Tuesday, March 27, 2012 2:29 PM

HEJAZ & NEJD SAUDI ARABIA 1893 KINGDOM AND SULTANATE Abd Al-Aziz bin Sa'ud as

Caspian King of Hejaz and Sultan of Nejd Sea TRANSITIONAL COINAGE LEBANON ISRAEL Struck at the Mecca Mint during the occupation by Abd IRAQ IRAN Al-Aziz Bin Sa'ud while establishing his kingdom. JORDAN KUWAIT KM# 10 20 CENTS Persian Gulf 5.4300 g., 0.8000 Silver 0.1397 oz. ASW Ruler: Charles J. Brooke Rajah Obv: Head left Obv. Legend: C. BROOKE RAJAH Rev: Value within roped wreath

Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU EGYPT QATAR 1906H 25,000 80.00 200 500 850 — U. A. E. 1906H Proof — Value: 1,500 R

e

1910H 25,000 80.00 200 500 850 — d N S KM# 1 1/4 GHIRSH 1910H Proof — Value: 1,500 e MA SUDAN a 1911H 15,000 80.00 200 500 850 — O Copper Or Bronze Obv: Toughra Rev: Inscription 1913H 25,000 80.00 200 500 850 — Date Mintage Good VG F VF XF E AH1343 — — 60.00 125 200 350 1913H Proof — Value: 1,500 R IT R Note: Several varieties exist, including reeded and plain 1915H 25,000 400 700 1,000 1,500 — EA YEMEN edges; Some specimens struck over bronze Hejaz 1/4 1915H Proof — Value: 2,400 Gulf of Aden and 1/2 Piastres (KM#23 and KM#26), and some occur with a light silver wash SAUDI ARABIA The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, an independent and absolute hereditary monarchy comprising the former sultanate of Nejd, the old kingdom of Hejaz, Asir and Al Hasa, occupies four-fifths of the Arabian peninsula. The kingdom has an area of 830,000 sq. mi. (2,149,690 sq. km.) and a population of *16.1 million. Capital: Riy- adh. The economy is based on oil, which provides 85 percent of Saudi Arabia's revenue. Mohammed united the Arabs in the 7th century and his fol- lowers founded a great empire with its capital at Medina. The Turks established nominal rule over much of Arabia in the 16th KM# 17 20 CENTS KM# 2.1 1/2 GHIRSH 5.4300 g., 0.4000 Silver 0.0698 oz. ASW Ruler: and 17th centuries, and in the 18thcentury divided it into prin- cipalities. Copper Or Bronze Obv: Toughra Obv. Inscription: Al-Faisal Charles V. Brooke Rajah Obv: Head right Rev: Value within al Saud Rev: Inscription roped wreath The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was created by King Abd Al- Aziz Bin Saud (1882-1953), a descendant of earlier Wahhabi rul- Date Mintage Good VG F VF XF Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU AH1343 — — 20.00 40.00 75.00 150 1920H 25,000 170 400 700 1,000 — ers of the Arabian peninsula. In 1901 he seized Riyadh, capital of 1920H Proof — Value: 1,700 the Sultanate of Nejd, and in 1905 established himself as Sultan. KM# 17a 20 CENTS In 1913 he captured the Turkish province of Al Hasa; took the Hejaz in 1925 and by 1926 most of Asir. In1932 he combined Nejd 5.0800 g., 0.4000 Silver 0.0653 oz. ASW Ruler: and Hejaz into the single kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Asir was incor- Charles V. Brooke Rajah Obv: Head right Rev: Value within porated into the kingdom a year later. roped wreath Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU TITLES 1927H 250,000 22.00 48.00 150 260 — 1927H Proof — Value: 1,100 KM# 2.2 1/2 GHIRSH Al-Arabiya(t) as-Sa'udiya(t) Copper Or Bronze Obv: Toughra Obv. Inscription: Al-Faisal Rev: Inscription Date Mintage Good VG F VF XF AH1343 — — 75.00 150 300 500

Al-Mamlaka(t) al-'Arabiya(t) as-Sa'udiya(t)

RULERS al Sa'ud Dynasty Abd Al-Aziz Bin Sa'ud, (Ibn Sa'ud), AH1344-1373/1926-1953AD Sa'ud Bin Abd Al-Aziz, AH1373-1383/1953-1964AD KM# 11 50 CENTS Faisal Bin Abd Al-Aziz, AH1383-1395/1964-1975AD 13.5700 g., 0.8000 Silver 0.3490 oz. ASW Ruler: Khalid Bin Abd Al-Aziz, AH1395-1403/1975-1982AD Fahad Bin Abd Al-Aziz, AH1403-/1982AD KM# A3 1/2 GHIRSH Charles V. Brooke Rajah Obv: Head left Obv. Legend: C. Bronze BROOKE RAJAH Rev: Value within roped wreath MONETARY SYSTEM Date Mintage Good VG F VF XF Until 1960 Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU AH1344//2 — — 15.00 30.00 50.00 100 1906H 10,000 700 1,100 1,800 3,000 — 20-22 Ghirsh = 1 Riyal 1906H Proof — Value: 4,500 40 Riyals = 1 Guinea REGULAR COINAGE NOTE: Copper-nickel, reeded-edge coins dated AH1356 and sil- ver coins dated AH1354 were struck at the U. S. Mint in Phil- adelphia between 1944-1949.

HEJAZ & NEJD Mecca, the metropolis of Islam and the capital of Hejaz, is located inland from the Red Sea due east of the port of Jidda. A center of non-political commercial, cultural and religious activ- KM# 4 1/4 GHIRSH ities, Mecca remained virtually independent until 1259. Two cen- Copper-Nickel Obv: Legend Rev: Value and date below legend turies of Egyptian rule were followed by four centuries of Turkish Date Mintage Good VG F VF XF rule which lasted until the Arab revolts which extinguished pre- AH1344 — — 4.00 8.00 12.00 40.00 KM# 19 50 CENTS tensions to sovereignty over any part of the Arabian peninsula. AH1344 Proof — Value: 1,500 10.3000 g., 0.5000 Silver 0.1656 oz. ASW Ruler: MINT NAME Charles V. Brooke Rajah Obv: Head right Rev: Value within Makkah, Mecca roped wreath RULERS Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU Sharifs of Mecca 1927H 200,000 45.00 90.00 300 400 — Ghalib b. Ma'sud, AH1219-1229 1927H Proof — Value: 1,100 Yahya b. Surer, AH1230-1240 Abdul Muttalib and Ibn Awn, AH1240-1248

KM# 5 1/2 GHIRSH Copper-Nickel Obv: Legend Rev: Value and date below legend Date Mintage Good VG F VF XF AH1344 — — 8.00 15.00 30.00 75.00 AH1344 Proof — Value: 1,500 W7382_p1788-1933.fm Page 1894 Tuesday, March 27, 2012 2:29 PM

1894 SAUDI ARABIA HEJAZ & NEJD

UNITED KINGDOMS KINGDOM STANDARD COINAGE

KM# 6 GHIRSH KM# 15 GHIRSH Copper-Nickel, 26 mm. O b v : Legend Rev: Value and date below Copper-Nickel Obv: Legend Rev: Value and date below legend inscription Date Mintage Good VG F VF XF Date Mintage VG F VF XF Unc AH1344 — — 6.00 12.00 25.00 60.00 AH1348 — 12.00 20.00 30.00 75.00 — KM# 19.1 1/4 GHIRSH AH1344 Proof — Value: 1,500 AH1348 Proof — Value: 1,750 Copper-Nickel Obv: Legend Rev: Value and date below legend Edge: Plain Date Mintage VG F VF XF Unc HEJAZ & NEJD SULTANATE AH1356 (1937) 1,000,000 2.00 5.00 10.00 35.00 — AH1356 (1937) — Value: 500 Proof KINGDOM KM# 19.2 1/4 GHIRSH Copper-Nickel Obv: Legend Rev: Value and date below legend REGULAR COINAGE Edge: Reeded Date Mintage VG F VF XF Unc AH1356 (1937) 21,500,000 0.25 0.50 1.00 2.50 7.50 Note: Struck in 1947 (AH1366-67) at Philadelphia KM# 10 1/4 RIYAL 6.0500 g., 0.9170 Silver 0.1784 oz. ASW, 24 mm. Obv: Inscription within beaded circle, legend above, crossed swords below within design flanked by palms trees Rev: Inscription within beaded circle, legend above, value below within design flanked by palm trees KM# 7 1/4 GHIRSH Date Mintage VG F VF XF Unc AH1346 400,000 40.00 60.00 100 200 — Copper-Nickel Obv: Legend Rev: Value and date below legend AH1346 Proof — Value: 1,000 Date Mintage VG F VF XF Unc AH1348 200,000 60.00 90.00 150 350 — AH1346 3,000,000 6.00 10.00 15.00 40.00 — AH1348 Proof — Value: 2,000 AH1346 Proof — Value: 1,000 KM# 20.1 1/2 GHIRSH Copper-Nickel Obv: Legend Rev: Value and date below legend Edge: Plain Date Mintage VG F VF XF Unc AH1356 (1937) 1,000,000 3.00 8.00 20.00 45.00 — AH1356 (1937) — Value: 500 Proof KM# 20.2 1/2 GHIRSH Copper-Nickel Obv: Legend Rev: Value and date below legend Edge: Reeded Date Mintage VG F VF XF Unc KM# 13 1/4 GHIRSH AH1356 (1937) 10,850,000 0.20 0.50 1.50 3.00 10.00 Copper-Nickel Obv: Legend Rev: Value and date below legend Note: Struck in 1947 (AH1366-67) at Philadelphia Date Mintage VG F VF XF Unc KM# 11 1/2 RIYAL AH1348 — 12.00 20.00 40.00 75.00 — 12.1000 g., 0.9170 Silver 0.3567 oz. ASW, 27 mm. Obv: AH1348 Proof — Value: 1,750 Inscription within beaded circle, legend above, crossed swords KM# 8 1/2 GHIRSH below within design flanked by palm trees Rev: Inscription within Copper-Nickel beaded circle, legend above, value below within design flanked Date Mintage VG F VF XF Unc by palm trees and swords AH1346 3,000,000 10.00 15.00 25.00 60.00 — Date Mintage VG F VF XF Unc AH1346 Proof — Value: 1,000 AH1346 200,000 100 175 250 500 — AH1346 Proof — Value: 1,500 AH1348 100,000 125 200 350 750 — AH1348 Proof — Value: 3,500

KM# 21.1 GHIRSH Copper-Nickel Obv: Legend Rev: Value and date below legend Edge: Plain Date Mintage VG F VF XF Unc AH1356 (1937) 4,000,000 3.00 8.00 15.00 40.00 — AH1356 (1937) — Value: 500 KM# 14 1/2 GHIRSH Proof Copper-Nickel Obv: Legend Rev: Value and date below legend KM# 21.2 GHIRSH Copper-Nickel Obv: Legend Rev: Value and date below legend Date Mintage VG F VF XF Unc Edge: Reeded AH1348 — 12.00 25.00 40.00 100 — AH1348 Proof — Value: 1,750 Date Mintage VG F VF XF Unc AH1356 (1937) 7,150,000 0.50 1.00 2.50 5.00 12.50 Note: Struck in 1947 (AH1366-67) at Philadelphia

KM# 9 GHIRSH KM# 12 RIYAL KM# 40 GHIRSH Copper-Nickel Obv: Legend Rev: Value and date below legend 24.1000 g., 0.9170 Silver 0.7105 oz. ASW, 37 mm. Obv: 3.0000 g., Copper-Nickel, 22 mm. Obv: Palm above crossed Date Mintage VG F VF XF Unc Inscription within beaded circle, legend above, crossed swords swords at center of legend Rev: Value and date below legend AH1346 3,000,000 3.00 5.00 10.00 35.00 — below within design flanked by palm trees Rev: Inscription within Edge: Reeded AH1346 Proof — Value: 1,000 beaded circle, legend above, value below within design flanked Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU by palm trees AH1376 (1957) 10,000,000 0.15 0.25 0.50 3.00 — Date Mintage VG F VF XF Unc AH1378 (1958) 50,000,000 0.15 0.25 0.50 2.00 — AH1346 800,000 40.00 60.00 90.00 150 — AH1346 Proof — Value: 2,500 AH1348 400,000 50.00 75.00 150 250 — AH1348 Proof — Value: 7,500 W7382_p1788-1933.fm Page 1895 Tuesday, March 27, 2012 2:29 PM

UNITED KINGDOMS SAUDI ARABIA 1895

KM# 24 1/4 GHIRSH Countermark: “65” Note: Countermark in Arabic numerals on 1/4 Ghirsh, KM#13. CM Date Host Date Good VG F VF XF AH1365 AH1348 20.00 30.00 50.00 100 —

KM# 38 1/2 RIYAL KM# 41 2 GHIRSH 5.9500 g., 0.9170 Silver 0.1754 oz. ASW Obv: Inscription within 6.0000 g., Copper-Nickel, 27 mm. Obv: Crossed swords below beaded circle, legend above, crossed swords below within design palm at center of legend Rev: Value and date below legend Edge: flanked by palm trees Rev: Inscription within beaded circle, Reeded legend above, value below within design flanked by palm trees KM# 25 1/4 GHIRSH Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU Countermark: “65” Obv: Countermark at center of legend Rev: AH1372 (1953) — 0.10 0.35 0.75 0.50 — AH1374 (1954) 2,000,000 BV 6.50 10.00 18.00 — Value and date below legend Edge: Plain Note: Countermark in AH1376 (1957) 50,000,000 0.10 0.35 0.75 5.00 — Arabic numerals on 1/4 Ghirsh, KM#19. AH1379 (1959) 28,110,000 0.10 0.35 0.70 3.50 — CM Date Host Date Good VG F VF XF AH1365 AH1356 2.50 5.00 15.00 30.00 —

KM# 18 RIYAL KM# 26 1/2 GHIRSH 11.6000 g., 0.9170 Silver 0.3420 oz. ASW, 30.5 mm. Obv: Countermark: “65” Obv: Countermark at center of legend Rev: KM# 42 4 GHIRSH Inscription within beaded circle, legend above, crossed swords Date below legend Note: Countermark in Arabic numerals on 1/2 12.0000 g., Copper-Nickel, 30 mm. Obv: Crossed swords below below within design flanked by palm trees Rev: Inscription within Ghirsh, KM#5. palm at center of legend Rev: Value and date below legend Edge: beaded circle, legend above, value below within design flanked CM Date Host Date Good VG F VF XF Reeded by palm trees AH1365 AH1344 6.00 12.00 25.00 60.00 — Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU AH1376 (1956) 49,100,000 0.25 0.50 1.00 6.00 — AH1354 (1935) 60,000,000 BV 13.00 13.50 17.50 — AH1378 (1958) 10,000,000 0.25 0.50 1.00 5.00 — AH1354 (1935) 20,000,000 Value: 300 Proof AH1367 (1947) Inc. above BV 13.00 13.50 20.00 — AH1370 (1950) — BV 13.00 14.00 22.50 —

KM# 27 1/2 GHIRSH KM# 16 1/4 RIYAL Countermark: “65” Obv: Countermark at center of legend Rev: Date below legend Note: Countermark in Arabic numerals on 1/2 3.1000 g., 0.9170 Silver 0.0914 oz. ASW O bv: Inscription within Ghirsh, KM#8. beaded circle, legend above, crossed swords below within design flanked by palm trees Rev: Inscription within beaded circle, CM Date Host Date Good VG F VF XF legend above, value below within design flanked by palm trees AH1365 AH1346 6.00 12.00 25.00 60.00 — Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU KM# 28 1/2 GHIRSH AH1354 (1935) 900,000 3.50 5.00 7.00 10.00 — Countermark: “65” Note: Countermark in Arabic numerals on AH1354 (1935) — Value: 250 KM# 39 RIYAL 1/2 Ghirsh, KM#14. Proof 11.6000 g., 0.9170 Silver 0.3420 oz. ASW Obv: Inscription CM Date Host Date Good VG F VF XF within beaded circle, legend above, crossed swords below within AH1365 AH1348 6.00 12.00 25.00 60.00 — design flanked by palm trees Rev: Inscription within beaded circle, legend above, value below within design flanked by palm trees Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU AH1374 (1954) 48,000,000 BV 13.00 13.50 20.00 — COUNTERMARKED COINAGE 70 = 65 Countermark KM# 37 1/4 RIYAL 2.9500 g., 0.9170 Silver 0.0870 oz. ASW O bv: Inscription within The following pieces are countermarked examples of beaded circle, legend above, crossed swords below within design earlier types bearing the Arabic numerals 65. They were KM# 29 1/2 GHIRSH countermarked in a move to break money changers' mo- flanked by palm trees Rev: Inscription within beaded circle, Copper-Nickel Countermark: “65” Obv: Countermark at center legend above, value below within design flanked by palm trees nopoly on small coins in AH1365 (1946AD). These counter- marks vary in size and are found with the Arabic numbers of legend Rev: Date below legend Edge: Plain Note: Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU Countermark in Arabic numerals on 1/2 Ghirsh, KM#20.1. AH1374 (1954) 4,000,000 BV 3.50 5.00 9.00 — raised in a circle. Incuse countermarks are considered a re- cent fabrication. CM Date Host Date Good VG F VF XF AH1365 AH1356 5.00 10.00 25.00 40.00 — KM# 22 1/4 GHIRSH Countermark: “65” Note: Countermark in Arabic numerals on 1/4 Ghirsh, KM#4. CM Date Host Date Good VG F VF XF AH1365 AH1344 6.00 12.00 30.00 65.00 —

KM# 17 1/2 RIYAL 5.8500 g., 0.9170 Silver 0.1725 oz. ASW O bv: Inscription within beaded circle, legend above, crossed swords below within design KM# 30 GHIRSH flanked by palm trees Rev: Inscription within beaded circle, Countermark: “65” Obv: Countermark at center of legend Rev: legend above, value below within design flanked by palm trees KM# 23 1/4 GHIRSH Value and date below legend Note: Countermark in Arabic Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU numerals on 1 Ghirsh, KM#6. Co untermark: “65” Obv: Countermark at center of legend Rev: AH1354 (1935) 950,000 BV 6.50 12.00 25.00 — Value and date below legend Note: Countermark in Arabic CM Date Host Date Good VG F VF XF AH1354 (1935) — Value: 250 AH1365 AH1344 6.00 12.00 35.00 65.00 — Proof numerals on 1/4 Ghirsh, KM#7. CM Date Host Date Good VG F VF XF KM# 31 GHIRSH AH1365 AH1346 6.00 12.00 30.00 65.00 — Countermark: “65” Note: Countermark in Arabic numerals on 1 Ghirsh, KM#9. CM Date Host Date Good VG F VF XF AH1365 AH1346 6.00 12.00 30.00 65.00 — W7382_p1788-1933.fm Page 1896 Tuesday, March 27, 2012 2:29 PM

1896 SAUDI ARABIA UNITED KINGDOMS

KM# 61 5 HALALA (Ghirsh) KM# 32 GHIRSH 2.5000 g., Copper-Nickel, 19.5 mm. Obv: National emblem at KM# 48 25 HALALA (1/4 Riyal) Countermark: “65” Obv: Countermark at center of legend Rev: center, legend above and below Rev: Legend above inscription 5.0000 g., Copper-Nickel, 23 mm. Obv: Crossed swords and Value and date below legend Note: Countermark in Arabic in circle dividing value, date below Edge: Reeded palm tree at center, legend above and below Rev: Legend above numerals on 1 Ghirsh, KM#15. Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU inscription in circle dividing value, date below Edge: Reeded CM Date Host Date Good VG F VF XF AH1408 (1987) 80,000,000 — 0.15 0.30 0.75 1.00 Note: Corrected denomination; feminine gender. AH1365 AH1348 10.00 20.00 35.00 65.00 — AH1408 (1987) 5,000 Value: 5.00 Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU Proof KM# 33 GHIRSH AH1392 (1972) Inc. above 0.25 0.50 1.50 3.50 — Copper-Nickel Countermark: “65” Edge: Plain Note: Countermark in Arabic numerals on 1 Ghirsh, KM#21. CM Date Host Date Good VG F VF XF AH1365 AH1356 6.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 — REFORM COINAGE 5 Halala = 1 Ghirsh; 100 Halala = 1 Riyal

KM# 46 10 HALALA (2 Ghirsh) 4.0000 g., Copper-Nickel, 21 mm. Obv: Crossed swords and KM# 47 25 HALALA (1/4 Riyal) palm tree at center, legend above and below Rev: Legend above 5.0000 g., Copper-Nickel, 23 mm. Obv: Crossed swords and inscription in circle dividing value, date below Edge: Reeded palm tree at center, legend above and below Rev: Legend above Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU inscription in circle dividing value, date below Edge: Reeded AH1392 (1972) 55,000,000 0.10 0.20 0.35 0.50 — Note: Error. Denomination in masculine gender. Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU KM# 44 HALALA AH1392 (1972) 48,465,000 1.00 2.00 6.00 25.00 30.00 Bronze Obv: Crossed swords and palm tree at center, legend above and below Rev: Value and date below legend Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU AH1383 (1963) 5,000,000 0.50 0.60 0.85 3.00 —

KM# 54 10 HALALA (2 Ghirsh) 4.0000 g., Copper-Nickel, 21 mm. Obv: Crossed swords and palm tree at center, legend above and below Rev: Legend above inscription in circle dividing value, date below Edge: Reeded KM# 55 25 HALALA (1/4 Riyal) Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU 5.0000 g., Copper-Nickel, 23 mm. Obv: Crossed swords and AH1397 (1976) 50,000,000 0.15 0.25 1.00 2.50 — palm tree at center, legend above and below Rev: Legend above KM# 60 HALALA AH1400 (1979) 29,500,000 0.25 0.75 1.00 3.00 — inscription in circle dividing value, date below Edge: Reeded Bronze Ob v: Different legend Rev: Value and date below legend Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU AH1397 (1976) 20,000,000 0.35 0.50 1.00 3.00 — AH1397 (1979) — ———150175 AH1400 (1979) 57,000,000 0.35 0.50 0.85 2.50 — Note: Not released for circulation

KM# 58 10 HALALA (2 Ghirsh) 4.0000 g., Copper-Nickel, 21 mm. Series: F.A.O. Obv: Crossed swords and palm tree at center, legend above and below Rev: KM# 45 5 HALALA (Ghirsh) Legend above inscription in circle dividing value, date below Edge: Reeded KM# 63 25 HALALA (1/4 Riyal) 2.5000 g., Copper-Nickel, 19.5 mm. Obv: Crossed swords and 5.0000 g., Copper-Nickel, 23 mm. Ruler: Fahad Bin Abd Al- palm tree at center, legend above and below Rev: Legend above Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU Aziz AH1403-1426/1982-2005AD Obv: National emblem at inscription in circle dividing value, date below Edge: Reeded AH1398-1978 1,000,000 — 0.25 0.50 1.00 — center, legend above and below Rev: Legend above inscription Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU in circle dividing value, date below Edge: Reeded AH1392 (1972) 130,000,000 0.10 0.15 0.30 0.50 — Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU AH1408 (1987) 100,000,000 — 0.20 0.45 1.25 1.75 AH1408 (1987) 5,000 Value: 7.50 Proof

KM# 62 10 HALALA (2 Ghirsh) 4.0000 g., Copper-Nickel, 21 mm. Ruler: Fahad Bin Abd Al- KM# 53 5 HALALA (Ghirsh) Aziz AH1403-1426/1982-2005AD Obv: National emblem at 2.5000 g., Copper-Nickel, 19.5 mm. Obv: Crossed swords and center, legend above and below Rev: Legend above inscription palm tree at center, legend above and below Rev: Legend above in circle dividing value, date below Edge: Reeded inscription in circle dividing value, date below Edge: Reeded Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU AH1408 (1987) 100,000,000 — 0.15 0.35 0.90 1.20 AH1397 (1976) 20,000,000 0.15 0.25 0.60 2.00 — AH1408 (1987) 5,000 Value: 6.00 KM# 50 50 HALALA (1/2 Riyal) Proof AH1400 (1979) — 0.15 0.25 0.60 2.00 — 6.5000 g., Copper-Nickel, 26 mm. S eries: F.A.O. Obv: Crossed swords and palm tree at center, legend above and below Rev: Legend above inscription in circle dividing value, date below Edge: Reeded Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU AH1392 (1972) 500,000 — 0.30 0.60 2.50 —

KM# 57 5 HALALA (Ghirsh) 2.5000 g., Copper-Nickel, 19.5 mm. Series: F.A.O. Obv: KM# 49 25 HALALA (1/4 Riyal) Crossed swords and palm tree at center, legend above and below 5.0000 g., Copper-Nickel, 23 mm. Series: F.A.O. Obv: Crossed Rev: Legend above inscription in circle dividing value, date below swords and palm tree at center, legend above and below Rev: Edge: Reeded Legend above inscription in circle dividing value, date below Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU Edge: Reeded AH1398-1978 1,500,000 — 0.30 0.50 1.00 — Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU AH1392-1973 200,000 — 0.20 0.50 1.00 — KM# 51 50 HALALA (1/2 Riyal) 6.5000 g., Copper-Nickel, 26 mm. Obv: Crossed swords and W7382_p1788-1933.fm Page 1897 Tuesday, March 27, 2012 2:29 PM

SENEGAL 1897

palm tree at center, legend above and below Rev: Legend above KM# 65 100 HALALA (1 Riyal) inscription in circle dividing value, date below Edge: Reeded 10.0000 g., Copper-Nickel, 30 mm. Obv: National emblem at Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU center, legend above and below Rev: Legend above inscription AH1392 (1972) 16,000,000 0.20 0.35 0.60 2.00 — in circle dividing value, date below Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU AH1408 (1987) 40,000,000 — 0.60 1.20 3.00 4.00 AH1408 (1987) 5,000 Value: 22.00 Proof AH1414 (1993) 5,000 — 0.60 1.20 3.00 4.00

KM# 34 4 POUNDS 31.9500 g., 0.9170 Gold 0.9419 oz. AGW Obv: Eagle with wings KM# 56 50 HALALA (1/2 Riyal) open Rev: Three lined inscription within horizontal bars Note: 6.5000 g., Copper-Nickel, 26 mm. Obv: Crossed swords and KM#34 was struck at the Philadelphia Mint for a concession palm tree at center, legend above and below Rev: Legend above payment for oil to the Saudi Government. Most were melted into inscription in circle dividing value, date below Edge: Reeded bullion. Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU KM# 66 100 HALALA (1 Riyal) Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU AH1397 (1976) 20,000,000 0.50 0.75 1.00 3.00 — Bi-Metallic Brass center in Copper-Nickel ring, 23 mm. Ruler: ND(1945-46) 91,000 BV 1,350 1,675 1,750 2,200 AH1400 (1979) 21,600,000 0.75 1.00 1.50 3.50 — Fahad Bin Abd Al-Aziz AH1403-1426/1982-2005AD Obv: PATTERNS National emblem at center, legend above and below Rev: Including off metal strikes Inscription at center, value at left, legend above, date below Edge: KM# Date Mintage Identification Mkt Val Reeded Pn1 AH1373 — 1/4 Riyal. 0.9170 Silver. 2.9500 g. — Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU As KM37 AH1419 (1998) — — 1.00 2.50 5.00 — Pn2 AH1373 — 1/2 Riyal. 0.9170 Silver. 5.9500 g. — As KM38 Pn3 AH1373 — Riyal. 0.9170 Silver. 11.6000 g. As — KM39 Pn4 AH1370 — Guinea. Aluminum. KM#36. 1,600 Pn5 AH1370 — Guinea. Bronze. KM#36, reeded 3,500 edge, with Paris privy marks. Pn6 AH1370 — Guinea. Gold. KM#36, reeded edge, — KM# 64 50 HALALA (1/2 Riyal) with Paris privy marks, Rare. 6.5000 g., Copper-Nickel, 26 mm. Ruler: Fahad Bin Abd Al- Aziz AH1403-1426/1982-2005AD Obv: National emblem at MINT SETS center, legend above and below Rev: Legend above inscription Issue Mkt in circle dividing value, date below Edge: Reeded KM# 67 100 HALALA (1 Riyal) KM# Date Mintage Identification Price Val Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU Bi-Metallic Brass center in Copper-Nickel ring, 23 mm. Ruler: MS1 AH1408(1988) (5) — KM#61-65 20.00 45.00 AH1408 (1987) 70,000,000 0.15 0.30 0.75 1.50 2.00 Fahad Bin Abd Al-Aziz AH1403-1426/1982-2005AD Subject: PROOF SETS AH1408 (1987) 5,000 Value: 15.00 Centennial of Kingdom Obv: National emblem at center Rev: Proof Inscription at center, legend above, value at left, date below Edge: Issue Mkt Reeded KM# Date Mintage Identification Price Val PS1 AH1408(1988) (5) 5,000 KM#61-65 40.00 65.00 Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU AH1419 (1998) — — 1.50 3.50 6.50 — AH1419 (1998) — Value: 12.50 Proof TRADE COINAGE

KM# 52 100 HALALA (1 Riyal) 10.0000 g., Copper-Nickel, 30 mm. Obv: Crossed swords and palm tree at center, legend above and below Rev: Legend above

inscription in circle dividing value, date below Edge: Reeded KM# 36 GUINEA SENEGAL Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU 7.9881 g., 0.9170 Gold 0.2355 oz. AGW Obv: Inscription within The Republic of Senegal, located on the bulge of West Africa AH1396 (1976) 250,000 — 0.65 1.00 3.50 — beaded circle, legend above, crossed swords below within design between Mauritania and Guinea-Bissau, has an area of 75,750 AH1400 (1980) 30,000,000 — 0.65 1.00 3.00 — flanked by palm trees Rev: Inscription within beaded circle, sq. mi. (196,190 sq. km.) and a population of *7.5 million. Capital: legend above, value below within design flanked by palm trees Dakar. The economy is primarily agricultural. Peanuts and prod- ucts, phosphates, and canned fish are exported. Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU An abundance of megalithic remains indicates that Senegal AH1370 (1950) 2,000,000 ——BV 425 450 was inhabited in prehistoric times. The Portuguese had some KM# 43 GUINEA trading stations on the banks of the Senegal River in the 15th cen- 7.9881 g., 0.9170 Gold 0.2355 oz. AGW tury. French commercial establishments date from the 17th cen- Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU tury. The French gradually acquired control over the interior AH1377 (1957) 1,579,000 ——BV 425 450 regions, which were administered as a protectorate until 1920, BULLION COINAGE and as a colony thereafter. After the 1958 French constitutional referendum, Senegal became a member of the French Com- Post WWII Issues munity with virtual autonomy. In 1959 Senegal and the French Soudan merged to form the Mali Federation, which became fully independent on June 20, 1960. (April 4, the date the transfer of power agreement was signed with France, is celebrated as Sene- KM# 59 100 HALALA (1 Riyal) gal's independence day). The Federation broke up on Aug. 20, 10.0000 g., Copper-Nickel, 30 mm. Series: F.A.O. Obv: 1960, when Senegal seceded and proclaimed the Republic of Crossed swords and palm tree at center flanked by dates, legend Senegal. Soudan became the Republic of Mali a month later. above and below Rev: Legend above inscription in circle dividing Senegal is a member of a monetary union of autonomous value, date below republics called the Monetary Union of West African States Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU (Union Monetaire Ouest-Africaine). The other members are Ivory AH1397 - 1977 — — — 150 250 325 KM# 35 SOVEREIGN (Pound) Coast, Benin, Burkina Faso (Upper Volta), Niger, Mauritania and Note: AH1397 date was struck as samples for the Saudi 7.9881 g., 0.9170 Gold 0.2355 oz. AGW Obv: Eagle with wings Togo. Mali was a member, but seceded in1962. Some of the Arabia government by the British Royal Mint, but some open Rev: Three lined inscription within horizontal bars Note: member countries have issued coinage in addition to the common escaped into circulation KM#35 was struck at the Philadelphia Mint for a concession currency issued by the Monetary Union of West African States. AH1398 - 1978 10,000,000 — 0.75 1.50 3.50 — payment for oil to the Saudi Government. Most were melted into bullion. REPUBLIC Date Mintage F VF XF Unc BU ND(1947) 123,000 BV 750 1,100 1,450 1,650 STANDARD COINAGE

KM# 1 10 FRANCS 3.2000 g., 0.9000 Gold 0.0926 oz. AGW Subject: 8th