Inspection of Mineshafts Derwent Forest, Broughton Moor

INSPECTION OF MINESHAFTS DERWENT FOREST, BROUGHTON MOOR

CONDITION REPORT 2009/10

GC20549/G2/02 Issue: Rev. 0, March 2010

Undertaken For:

Allerdale Borough Council Cumbria County Council NWDA

Inspection of Mineshafts Derwent Forest, Brougu hton Moor

O.S.G.R. 305400E, 531900N

DOCUMENT VERIFICATION

Report Reference: GC20549/G2/02 Issue: Rev. 0 Date: 31/III/10

Prepared by: S.J.J.Ferley BSc. MSc. CEng. MICE FGS Principal Geotechnical Engineer (For and on behalf of Capita Symonds Ltd.) Checked bby: M.W.Penny BEng FGS Senior Geotechnical Engineer (For and on behalf of Capita Symonds Ltd.) Approved by: M.Briggs BSc, CEng, MICE Project Manager (For and on behalf of Capita Symonds Ltd.)

Revision History

Revision Date Description Prepared Checked Approved

0 31/III/10 SJJF MWP MB

This document has been prepared by Capita Symonds Limited within the terms of the Contract with the Client too whom this documu ent is addressed. Capita Symonds Limited disclaims any responsibility to the Client and others in respect of matters outside the scope of the said contract. No person other than the Client and their professional advisors shall rely on it in any respect and no duty of care shall be owed to any such third party by Capita Symonds Limited.

This document is of UK origin and is © Capita Symonds Limited. The contents of this document shall not in whole or in part be stored in any retrieval system nor be reproduced or transmitted in any form by photocopying or any optical, electronic, mechanical or other means, without the prior written permission of the Managing Director, Capita Symonds Limited, 1 Proctor Street, London WC1V 6DW.

Capita Symonds, Kingmoor Business Park, Carlisle, Cumbria. CA6 4SJ Derwent Forest Three Year Holding Programme Cumbria County Council Mine Entry Inspection Report

CONTENTS ...... PAGE

1.0 INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.1 BACKGROUND ...... 1 1.2 PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS ...... 1

2.0 SITE DESCRIPTION ...... 2 2.1 GENERAL ...... 2 2.2 GEOLOGY ...... 2 2.3 MINING HISTORY ...... 3

3.0 INSPECTION AND REPORTING METHODOLOGY ...... 3 3.1 GENERAL ...... 3 3.2 DESK BASED RESEARCH ...... 4 3.3 SITE OBSERVATIONS ...... 4 3.4 UPDATING OF RECORDS ...... 5

4.0 ENGINEERING ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...... 5 4.1 INSPECTION RESULTS ...... 5 4.2 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...... 7

APPENDICES APPENDIX A: MAPS AND PLANS A/01 Site Location A/02 – A05 Site Layout Plans Indicating Mineshafts

APPENDIX B: MINESHAFT DATABASE

APPENDIX C: SOURCES OF INFORMATION C/01 Published Information C/02 General Sources of Information C/03 Ground Investigation Reports C/04 Computer Programs C/05 Standards, Statutes and Guidance on Statutes

CAPITA SYMONDS Report GC20549/G2/02 Carlisle i Rev. 0: 31/III/10 Derwent Forest Three Year Holding Programme Cumbria County Council Mine Entry Inspection Report

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND

1.1.1 At the request of Allerdale Borough Council work was carried out on behalf of Allerdale Borough Council, Cumbria County Council and the Northwest Regional Development Agency, (The Clients) to inspect a number of abandoned mine shafts and where possible assess the current condition. The shafts are all located in a large area of former MOD land near Broughton Moor, Cumbria, O.S. grid reference (NY) 305400E, 531900N for the site centre.

1.1.2 The inspection regime required as part of the commission involves repeat visits annually for a total of three years. The subject of the current report is the second visit undertaken, between 15th and 18th March 2010.

1.1.3 The area in question covers a total of approximately 430 Hectares of former MOD land with a previous history of coal mining. Most of the land is ring fenced by security fencing, and the Clients wish to investigate the current potential for injury to the public, and the potential if this fencing is removed. A number of abandoned mine shafts have been identified from various sources, and concerns about the condition and precise location of some of these shafts have prompted the current study.

1.1.4 Existing desk-based information was researched as part of the study. This information is referenced in the relevant sections of the report, and a list of sources of information is included in Appendix D. Results of specific enquiries are included in Appendix C.

1.1.5 The comments given in this report and the opinions expressed assume that the site conditions do not vary outwith the extents revealed by this investigation. There may be, however, conditions within the site, particularly in relation to unreferenced abandoned shafts or adits, which have not been disclosed by the investigation and consequently have not been considered in this report. Accordingly, a careful watch should be maintained during any future site work, and the conclusions and recommendations of this report reviewed as necessary. Capita Symonds accepts no liability for the completeness or accuracy of third party records.

1.1.6 This document has been prepared by Capita Symonds Limited within the terms of the Contract with the Clients to whom this document is addressed. Capita Symonds Limited disclaims any responsibility to the Clients and others in respect of matters outside the scope of the said contract. No person other than the Clients, their professional advisors, and Beneficiaries under the Deed of Warranty shall rely on it in any respect and no duty of care shall be owed to any such third party by Capita Symonds Limited.

1.2 PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS

1.2.1 The first of the annual site visits was undertaken between 6th January 2009 and 12th February 2009 to inspect the locations of previously identified mine shafts and their surroundings, and to confirm the topography of each site: the results of this inspection were reported in Document Reference GC20549/G2/01, published 18th March 2009.

1.2.2 Reference was made to the archives of Capita Symonds and the Coal Authority, and an online search made of the Geoscience Index of the British Geological Survey.

CAPITA SYMONDS Report GC20549/G2/02 Carlisle 1 Rev. 0: 31/III/10 Derwent Forest Three Year Holding Programme Cumbria County Council Mine Entry Inspection Report 1.2.3 Previous investigations are known at the site from various sources, and are referenced in appropriate sections of the current report. A list of previous investigations referred to in the current study is included in Appendix C/04.

2.0 SITE DESCRIPTION

2.1 GENERAL

2.1.1 The site is located near to Broughton Moor in West Cumbria: the approximate centre of the site lies at O.S.G.R. 305400E, 531900N. The site location is shown on Figure A/01.

2.1.2 The area is mixed in character, generally thickly wooded with conifer plantations in the Centre and West of the site, with rough gorse thickets to the North, and open grazing land to the South and East. Much of the site has been used for munitions storage from the late 1930’s when the Admiralty developed the facility until closure of the depot in the early 1990’s, and many storage magazines still remain, although in varying states of dereliction. The majority of the area, some 300ha, is ring fenced by concrete post and wire mesh fencing.

2.1.3 Some wooded areas in the Client’s ownership lie outside the security fence to the West of the site, and a thin marginal strip between the security fence and the highway immediately adjacent to the site also falls in the Client’s ownership.

2.2 GEOLOGY

2.2.1 The main source of Made Ground on the site is the several spoil tips that are associated with the former mining operations. Minor areas of Made Ground associated with the blast bunds around the magazines have been shown to be largely locally derived superficial Till materials.

2.2.2 The superficial geology beneath any Made Ground is indicated on the 1:50,000 scale map published by the Geological Survey to consist of Glacial Till (Boulder Clay) of Devensian age. The Glacial Till is essentially composed of a heterogeneous unsorted mixture of lithology ranging from cobble and gravel down to a matrix of relatively impermeable boulder clay with isolated lenses of more sandy or gravelly material. The overall thickness of the Glacial Till varies significantly across the site in a complex manner, and the results of previous ground investigations indicate a superficial thickness varying from a few metres to up to thirty metres. Drift is generally thinner towards the North East of the site, but significant post-glacial erosion is evidenced by the deeply incised gills crossing the site, where it may be conjectured that the drift cover is thinner at the base of these valleys. The presence of buried pre-glacial stream channels where thicker drift occurs cannot be discounted.

2.2.3 The geological map shows that the site lies on solid geology of the Coal Measures, part of the Carboniferous. The Coal Measures are formed from superimposed cyclothems of shale, siltstone, coal and sandstone. The area is traversed by several intersecting major fault sets, leading to complexities in interpreting the precise correlation of cyclothems between adjacent faulted blocks. The fault zones between adjacent blocks will also cause significant disruption due to jointed and locally shattered zones. In addition, over the area of the site the cyclothem horizons may vary significantly, with individual units lensing out. It is known that local washouts or “nips” occur in coal seams in the area.

CAPITA SYMONDS Report GC20549/G2/02 Carlisle 2 Rev. 0: 31/III/10 Derwent Forest Three Year Holding Programme Cumbria County Council Mine Entry Inspection Report 2.3 MINING HISTORY

2.3.1 Coal mining in the region has historically been undertaken by shallow methods (“bell pits”) and underground mining methods, predominantly associated with the Buckhill Colliery located in the Central area of the site. The legacy on the site includes various colliery spoil heaps, thirty-seven unconfirmed mine shafts, one adit and several extensive areas disturbed by bell pits or clusters of abandoned shafts. The area became a Ministry of Defence logistical base in the late1930’s: this involved closure and partial removal of the Buckhill Colliery in the centre of the site.

2.3.2 The underground network of shafts, tunnels and stopes may affect groundwater movement, and it known that a significant discharge occurs at Ewanrigg, Maryport, through an interconnecting adit. Movement of significant volumes of mine water may occur, often at high hydraulic head: mobile groundwater may act as a trigger for rapid collapse of poorly capped or infilled mine shafts.

2.3.3 The interconnecting galleries also provide a preferential pathway for the migration of mine gas throughout the area. Monitoring has taken place within the site and in the surrounding area, and in the past some affected properties have required demolition.

2.3.4 More recent opencast coal mining has occurred adjacent to the site, and large areas of backfilled workings to various depths exist to the North and East of the site boundary. Some shafts close to the site boundary are thought to have been remediated during these operations.

2.3.5 The base remained operational under a number of different occupiers until closure in 1990; operations on the site included explosive storage houses, railway infrastructure, the Central Process Area and demolition rubble.

2.3.6 Coal seams and suspected open workings have been identified within ten metres of existing ground level, and there is evidence of void migration in some of the deeper workings. Gas monitoring by the Coal Authority has revealed the potential for generation and migration of mine gas in concentrations sufficient to cause asphyxiation; several private and public properties have been affected in the area.

3.0 INSPECTION AND REPORTING METHODOLOGY

3.1 GENERAL

3.1.1 In order to streamline the presentation of accumulated data and keeping of records concerning abandoned mine workings, a database of mineshafts in Cumbria was set up by Capita Symonds some years ago. This database contains details of known or suspected mine shafts, together with an indication of the level of certainty with which such records indicate the status of the shaft.

3.1.2 The information gathered during previous investigations by Capita Symonds at the Derwent Forest site was incorporated into this database as part of the original reporting process, and this system provided the baseline data for the current study. Further updating was carried out as a result of the first annual inspection carried out in February 2009.

3.1.3 The database records are plotted as a layer in a GIS application, and presented in Appendices A and B of this report.

CAPITA SYMONDS Report GC20549/G2/02 Carlisle 3 Rev. 0: 31/III/10 Derwent Forest Three Year Holding Programme Cumbria County Council Mine Entry Inspection Report 3.1.4 A systematic approach was taken to the confirmation and location on site of the suspected mineshafts. This comprised three stages, namely Desk Based research followed by Site Observations, and updates to the database as described in the following sections.

3.2 DESK BASED RESEARCH

3.2.1 The primary sources of information concerning potential abandoned mineshafts are historic Ordnance Survey maps, large scale geological maps, and shaft information sheets supplied by the Coal Authority. Because of the history of mining in the West Cumbria coal field, and the age of the mining represented on the site, there may be shafts within the area of interest that are not referenced in any of these sources, and thus the assessment of shafts given in this report may not be a full and complete record of the potential liability on the site.

3.2.2 As a first pass assessment these sources of information were input into the database, and then plotted and compared to the current site layout using GIS. At this stage, shafts that have already been positively located by intrusive investigation were flagged. It also became evident that some shafts had been input as duplicate records in the database, usually because of different shaft names having been used in the various primary record sources. These data entries were not deleted, but were flagged as duplicate records.

3.2.3 Historic air photographs obtained from the National Monuments Record office were examined stereoscopically to assess whether any confirmatory features were present on site at suspected shaft locations. Three ages of photography were studied, 1946 at 1:10,000 scale, 1950 at 1:10,000 scale, and 1985 at approximately 1:3,000 scale. The study of earlier photographs permitted examination of areas now inaccessible due to the growth of vegetation since the closure of the site.

3.2.4 Once the examination of desk based information was completed, plans were prepared for taking out on site to guide access to the remaining sites where abandoned mineshafts are suspected.

3.3 SITE OBSERVATIONS

3.3.1 An attempt was made to access the site of every suspected abandoned mineshaft on or adjacent to the site. Because there are known uncertainties in the Coal Authority locations of up to fifty metres, the area around the suspected shaft location was examined in detail, and nearby shafts outwith the area in the Clients ownership were examined using a similar methodology.

3.3.2 Other areas of the site were examined during the site walkover, but in less detail. Notwithstanding this, several possible mineshaft locations not referenced in the Coal Authority data set were identified on site. Some of these are thought to represent the true locations of wrongly input co-ordinates in the data; others are possible new shaft locations previously unidentified.

3.3.3 A hand-held GPS locator was used to obtain Ordnance Survey grid positions for each identified potential shaft, whether already referenced, or a newly suspected location.

CAPITA SYMONDS Report GC20549/G2/02 Carlisle 4 Rev. 0: 31/III/10 Derwent Forest Three Year Holding Programme Cumbria County Council Mine Entry Inspection Report 3.4 UPDATING OF RECORDS

3.4.1 Upon completion of the site inspections, the recorded locations from this phase were compared with the locations recorded in the database. Uncertainties in the additional information were dealt with as follows.

3.4.2 Where locations were similar to those in the database from existing sources, the records were updated to show a confirmatory flag, indicating that a shaft or other evidence was visible on site.

3.4.3 Where there was a significant difference, a view was taken as to the reason, based on engineering judgement. In some cases it was considered that the location on site represented the true location of an already referenced shaft. In such a case, the original record was not deleted, but marked as a duplicate location, and the true location added to the database as a new record, with a cross reference between the two data entries.

3.4.4 Where no clear explanation for an unreferenced location could be argued, a completely new record was entered.

3.4.5 The database display in the GIS mapping was filtered so as not to show the locations of duplicate records.

4.0 ENGINEERING ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDATIONS

4.1 INSPECTION RESULTS

4.1.1 A total of seventy known or potential mine entrances were identified within or adjacent to land belonging to the Client at Derwent Forest. Three of the locations were however identified as duplicate records within the database.

4.1.2 Of the remaining potential shafts, five are not referenced in the Coal Authority records, and cannot be accounted for as duplicate records or erroneous data input, as they are in areas where mine entrances are otherwise not referenced. These are detailed in Tables 4.1 and 4.2.

4.1.3 With the exception of a new potential shaft as detailed in Table 4.2, no significant deterioration of the inspected mine entrances was observed during the 2010 survey.

Easting Northing Expression Evidence for Inclusion in Database

Possible mineshaft visible at surface in sloping ground 304870 531590 Visible at Surface above Holden's Gill

304369 532707 Visible at Surface Depression surrounded by mining spoil.

305013 532264 Visible at Surface Water filled depression with peripheral bund of material.

304921 531526 Visible at Surface Depression and spoil tips.

Table 4.1: Additional unreferenced potential shafts discovered during 2008/09 survey.

CAPITA SYMONDS Report GC20549/G2/02 Carlisle 5 Rev. 0: 31/III/10 Derwent Forest Three Year Holding Programme Cumbria County Council Mine Entry Inspection Report

Easting Northing Expression Evidence for Inclusion in Database

304870 531590 Visible at Surface Depression and void visible in rough grassland

Table 4.2: Additional unreferenced potential shafts discovered during 2009/10 survey.

4.1.4 Five shaft locations on adjacent land were inspected as there is the potential that the uncertainty in shaft co-ordinates could place them within the Client’s land ownership, or the proximity of the shaft could affect the Clients land in the event of a collapse. Of these five locations, evidence of a shaft was found at two, and the remaining three are thought to have been at least partially remediated during adjacent opencast mining operations: no visible evidence of them exists on site.

4.1.5 Three shafts were inaccessible; an un-named shaft at OSGR 304075E, 531994N outside the security fence at Camerton Grange could not be accessed due to wind-flattened dense pine forest, Greengill shaft at OSGR 304626E, 531955N and an un-named shaft at 304254E, 532637N could not be accessed due to dense impenetrable gorse thickets. Evidence of mining activity could be identified on stereoscopic air photographs only at the Camerton Grange location.

4.1.6 A total of thirty-seven further shafts were not visible at the surface. The area around these shafts was examined as closely as the existing ground cover would permit, but no visible surface expression could be found. Most of these unconfirmed shafts are individual locations scattered across the fenced area, but three are possibly located in the strip of land between the security fencing and the C2007 Broughton Moor to Great Broughton road.

4.1.7 A cluster of eleven unconfirmed shafts is located in an area approximately 60m by 100m in mature pine woods in the centre of the site. The area extends from 304910E to 304970E, and 531820N to 531920N: no visible expression of any mining activity could be found, but ground cover prevented unobstructed access.

4.1.8 Twenty four shafts were confirmed on site and inspected to ascertain the current condition. In all cases the presence of a surface depression at the location of the shaft indicates that any lining and cap present is probably in poor condition. Given the age of the shafts, it is considered unlikely that any engineered capping is present.

4.1.9 Two shafts have been positively located by intrusive investigation. One, Buckhill Downcast in the centre of the site, is capped by a 4.5m square reinforced concrete slab at ground level, and is currently stable. The other, Bradmoor Pit, is located in a strip of former residential development between the security fence and the C2007 Broughton Moor to Great Broughton road. The former housing that occupied the site has been demolished, and the location of the shaft has been fenced off with concrete post and wire mesh two metres high. The mineshaft appears stable, and the fence was intact at the time of the site visit.

4.1.10 The locations of abandoned mineshafts are shown on the site plans included in Appendix A. The database printout for the potential shafts at the site is included in appendix B.

CAPITA SYMONDS Report GC20549/G2/02 Carlisle 6 Rev. 0: 31/III/10 Derwent Forest Three Year Holding Programme Cumbria County Council Mine Entry Inspection Report 4.2 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

4.2.1 Reference to the Occupiers Liability Acts of 1957 and 1984 indicates that the Client owes a common duty of care to persons entering any of the Derwent Forest site, either inside or outside the security fence, and that to a different extent such duty is owed to visitors (persons entering the site in pursuance of an explicit or legally implied right to do so) and trespassers (persons who have no such explicit or implied right). The 1957 Act specifically concerns “visitors”, and the 1984 Act “trespassers”.

4.2.2 The common duty of care under the 1957 Act is a duty to take such care as in all the circumstances of the case is reasonable to see that the visitor will be reasonably safe in using the premises for the purposes for which he is invited or permitted by the occupier to be there.

4.2.3 A slightly lesser duty is enjoined under the 1984 Act. A duty of care exists if the occupier is aware of the existence of a danger, has “reasonable grounds to believe” that a person may come into the vicinity of the danger “whether the other has lawful authority for being in that vicinity or not”, and “the risk is one against which, in all the circumstances of the case, he may reasonably be expected to offer the other some protection”. In this circumstance, the duty is to take such care as is reasonable in all the circumstances of the case to see that nobody suffers injury on the premises by reason of the danger concerned.

4.2.4 If appropriate the 1984 Act allows the discharge of the duty of care by “taking such steps as are reasonable in all the circumstances of the case to give warning of the danger concerned or to discourage persons from incurring the risk”. The 1957 Act explicitly states, and some case law suggests, that account should be taken of children being less careful than adults, as they have a different concept of danger, and are naturally more inquisitive. Where a warning has been given it will not absolve the occupier of liability, unless in all the circumstances it was enough to enable the visitor to be safe. The issue would be whether the warning was sufficient to enable the visitor to be reasonably safe, and in cases such as young children or the illiterate warning signs may not be adequate protection. Any warning must enable an entrant onto the premises to take reasonable precautionary measures.

4.2.5 It should be noted that advice of a legal nature is for indicative purposes and not an exhaustive list of potential duties, obligations or liabilities. It is recommended that specialist legal advice should be sought regarding detailed interpretation of the Acts referenced above, and any other legal liabilities which may be incurred. The following recommendations are made to provide mitigation measures that are considered reasonable in the circumstances prevailing at the Derwent Forest site.

4.2.6 It is recommended that all potential shaft locations are inspected annually by a geotechnical engineer.

4.2.7 The existing fencing around the former Bradmoor Pit should be inspected at the same frequency as the continuing inspections of the security fencing, and any observed breaches made good immediately.

CAPITA SYMONDS Report GC20549/G2/02 Carlisle 7 Rev. 0: 31/III/10 Derwent Forest Three Year Holding Programme Cumbria County Council Mine Entry Inspection Report 4.2.8 The locations of all shafts that are currently accessible by the public should be confirmed and positively located as a matter of urgency. At the present time, the first priority is primarily those shafts that are or have the potential to be located outwith the existing security fencing, but all unconfirmed shaft locations are considered to have the potential to cause harm to the general public within the terms of the 1957 and 1984 Acts.

4.2.9 All shafts or suspected shafts that are visible at the surface should be confirmed by intrusive investigation by a combination of drilling and trenching, and where possible, the presence and condition of a lining should be assessed.

4.2.10 Locations where suspected shafts are not evident at ground level should be investigated using appropriate geophysical surveying techniques in order to refine the search area. Where necessary, ground clearance should be carefully undertaken to facilitate access. This should then be followed by intrusive investigation of any anomalies in the area to confirm the presence and condition of any shaft at the location. Again, where possible, the presence and condition of a lining should be assessed.

4.2.11 Once the location of a potential shaft has been confirmed, the area around the shaft should be fenced off with permanent security fencing to prevent accidental access.

4.2.12 Under the Coal Industry Act 1994 ownership of all coal and coal mine shafts rests with the Coal Authority, and any intrusive investigation of shafts or their surroundings will require a permit from the Coal Authority.

4.2.13 In the case of shaft locations which were inaccessible at the time of the walkover survey, estate management operations which may expose these locations should be notified to a geotechnical specialist, and the situation reviewed in order to update the understanding of the potential risk involved at the location.

4.2.14 If estate management works are proposed in the vicinity of an abandoned mine entry, the advice of a geotechnical specialist should be sought at an early stage, in order that appropriate risk management measures are designed for the work.

CAPITA SYMONDS Report GC20549/G2/02 Carlisle 8 Rev. 0: 31/III/10 Derwent Forest Three Year Holding Programme Cumbria County Council Mine Entry Inspection Report

APPENDIX A: MAPS AND PLANS

A/01 Site Location A/02 – A05 Site Layout Plans Indicating Mineshafts

Sheet 1

Sheet 2

Sheet 3 Sheet 4

Legend Land Ownership Boundary

Reproduced from, or based on, Ordnance Survey map material with the permission of the Controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office. Crown Copyright, Licence No. 10009596 Cumbria County Council. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Crown Copyright and may lead to prosecution or civil proceedings. Scale: DERWENT FOREST THREE YEAR HOLDONG REGIME INSPECTION OF MINESHAFTS Kingmoor Business Park Carlisle 1:50,000 CA6 4SJ Site Location Fig. No.: GC20549/G2/A/01 Date:27/II/09 Drawn:S.J.J.F. Checked:M.W.P. Derwent Forest Holding Regime Mineshaft Condition Inspection Year 2: 2009/2010

Locations of Potential Abandoned Shafts 13097 (!d Sheet 1 Legend 13044 (! (!d Documentary Evidence not Checked

13093 13042 gh (! (! Inaccessible 13096 (!d 13073 (!d No Visible Expression 13061 d 13113 (!d (! (! 13045 (! Visible at Surface (!d ! 13065 A Indicated by PSS (!d A! Located on Site

A! Investigated

A! Remediated

13111 (! 13060 (!d

13114 (!

13087 (! .

10050 0

Meters

13068 (! Reproduced from, or based on, Ordnance Survey map material with the permission of the Controller of Her 13064 13043 Majesty's Stationery Office. Crown Copyright, gh (! Licence No. 100019596, Cumbria County Council. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Crown Copyright 13069 gh and may lead to prosecution or civil proceedings. 13086 Scale: 1:4,999 13054(!d (!d 13090 (!d 13038 1305713062 d (!d (!(!d (!d 13091 Kingmoor Business Park 13053 (!d13066(!d(!d 13119 (!d Carlisle (! 13109 13067 (!d 13094 (! CA6 4SJ GC20549/G2/A/02 Rev. A 13050 13059 Fig. No.: (! (!d Date: 31/III/09 Drawn: S.J.J.F. Checked: M.W.P. (!d Derwent Forest Holding Regime Mineshaft Condition Inspection Year 2: 2009/2010

13089 (!d Locations of Potential Abandoned Shafts Sheet 2 13116 (! Legend

(!d Documentary Evidence not Checked

13063 13088 d gh Inaccessible 13075 (! (! (!d 13056 13071 (!d (!d (!d No Visible Expression 13036 13074 (!d (!d (! Visible at Surface

A! Indicated by PSS 13092 13085(!d (! (!13083 13039 13037 (!13082 A! Located on Site (!d (!d A! Investigated 13112 (! A! Remediated

13079 (! .

10050 0 13035 A! Meters 13081 13080A! Reproduced from, or based on, Ordnance Survey map ! material with the permission of the Controller of Her A Majesty's Stationery Office. Crown Copyright, Licence No. 100019596, Cumbria County Council. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Crown Copyright and may lead to prosecution or civil proceedings. Scale: 1:4,999

Kingmoor Business Park Carlisle CA6 4SJ Fig. No.: GC20549/G2/A/03 Rev. A 13059 (!d Date: 31/III/09 Drawn: S.J.J.F. Checked: M.W.P. (! (!d (! (!d(!d!(d 13119 (!d (! 13109 13091(!d 13094 Derwent Forest Holding Regime (! Mineshaft Condition Inspection 13050 Year 2: 2009/2010 (! 13076(!d 13058 d 13077 (! (! (! (!13048 Locations of 13040 Potential Abandoned Shafts 13051 (!d (! Sheet 3 Legend

13101 (!d Documentary Evidence not Checked (! (!13047 gh Inaccessible 13115 (! (!d No Visible Expression

13046 (!d (! Visible at Surface

A! Indicated by PSS

A! Located on Site

A! Investigated

A! Remediated

10050 0

Meters

Reproduced from, or based on, Ordnance Survey map material with the permission of the Controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office. Crown Copyright, Licence No. 100019596, Cumbria County Council. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Crown Copyright and may lead to prosecution or civil proceedings. Scale: 1:4,999

Kingmoor Business Park Carlisle CA6 4SJ Fig. No.: GC20549/G2/A/04 Rev. A Date: 31/III/09 Drawn: S.J.J.F. Checked: M.W.P. Derwent Forest Holding Regime Mineshaft Condition Inspection Year 2: 2009/2010 13059 (!d (!d 13076 (! Locations of 13052 13095 (!d Potential Abandoned Shafts (!d Sheet 4 13078 Legend 13084(!d (!d (!d Documentary Evidence not Checked gh 13049 Inaccessible (!d (!d No Visible Expression

(! Visible at Surface

A! Indicated by PSS

A! Located on Site

A! Investigated

A! Remediated

10050 0

Meters

Kingmoor Business Park Carlisle CA6 4SJ Fig. No.: GC20549/G2/A/05 Rev. A Date: 31/III/09 Drawn: S.J.J.F. Checked: M.W.P. Derwent Forest Three Year Holding Programme Cumbria County Council Mine Entry Inspection Report

APPENDIX B: MINESHAFT DATABASE

Derwent Forest Three Year Holding Programme Cumbria County Council Mine Entry Inspection Report

Capita Coal Scheme Scheme Symonds Authority Pit Name Easting Northing Status Reference, Reference, Comments Reference Reference PSS Investigation 13064 304531-001 NK 304075 531994 Inaccessible Dense wind-flattened pine woods. Sarah Ann Visible at Surface 13043 304531-002 304211 531992 Depression and spoil tips in farmland. Francis Inaccessible Dense gorse thickets and impenetrable 13069 304531-003 Greengill 304626 531955 Inaccessible woodland. No visible expression. Possible true location 13038 304531-004 Greengill 304699 531859 No Visible Expression at record 13110 Possible true location of CA record 304531- 304531- 13110 NK 304664 531882 Duplicate Reference 004. Depression in bund outside magazine 004p entrance. Small deep depression and black plastic pipe. 13050 304531-005 Greengill 304728 531770 Visible at Surface Rough grazing land. Marked depression and surrounding spoil 13077 304531-006 Greengill 304618 531729 Visible at Surface tips. 13040 304531-007 NK 304821 531693 No Visible Expression Thick cover of gorse Small conical depression. Rough grazing 13051 304531-008 NK 304677 531674 Visible at Surface land Marked depression at surface. Possible pair 13047 304531-009 Holden's 304896 531580 Visible at Surface 20m West Uneven rough grazing land. Possibly sealed 13046 304531-010 NK 304834 531463 No Visible Expression with 7' square concrete pad 8" thick. Location in stream bed. Probable location 13055 304531-014 NK 304825 531723 Duplicate Reference 13109 large depression due North by ~100m Deep conical depression. Probably true 13109 304531-014 NK 304825 531793 Visible at Surface location of 13055, CA number 304531-014 13062 304531-016 NK 304959 531859 No Visible Expression Dense woodland 13086 304531-017 NK 304926 531917 No Visible Expression Dense woodland 13094 304531-018 NK 304958 531824 No Visible Expression Dense woodland 13066 304531-019 NK 304948 531833 No Visible Expression Dense woodland

CAPITA SYMONDS Report GC20549/G2/02 Carlisle B1 Rev. 0: 31/III/10

Derwent Forest Three Year Holding Programme Cumbria County Council Mine Entry Inspection Report

Capita Coal Scheme Scheme Symonds Authority Pit Name Easting Northing Status Reference, Reference, Comments Reference Reference PSS Investigation 13091 304531-020 NK 304967 531845 No Visible Expression Dense woodland 13041 304531-021 NK 304953 531847 No Visible Expression Dense woodland 13067 304531-022 NK 304941 531844 No Visible Expression Dense woodland 13053 304531-023 NK 304931 531857 No Visible Expression Dense woodland 13057 304531-025 NK 304917 531861 No Visible Expression Dense woodland 13090 304531-026 NK 304933 531893 No Visible Expression Dense woodland 13054 304531-028 NK 304914 531909 No Visible Expression Dense woodland Spoil tips covered in thick scrub and gorse 13087 304532-001 NK 304413 532219 Visible at Surface bushes. Difficult to see depression Small water filled depression South of spoil 13093 304532-004 Mary 304308 532789 Visible at Surface tip. Slight depression in thick cover of gorse. 13042 304532-005 NK 304957 532779 Visible at Surface Nearby spoil tips. Rough grazing between two spoil tips. 13096 304532-006 Wydham 304976 532738 No Visible Expression Concrete foundation bases nearby. Dense pine woodland. Spoil tips slope West 13073 304532-007 NK 304922 532725 No Visible Expression towards location, filled from the East. Dense gorse thickets; evidence of ground 13061 304532-008 Air shaft 304830 532717 No Visible Expression disturbance. Dense gorse thickets and impenetrable 13065 304532-009 NK 304254 532637 No Visible Expression woodland. Possible location 50m NE at pile of boulders 13060 304532-010 Greengill 304704 532382 No Visible Expression around small water filled depression. Possible true location of record 13060: pile 304532- 13111 Greengill 304730 532410 Visible at Surface of boulders around small water filled 010p depression. Marked saucer shaped depression and 13068 304532-011 Greengill 304504 532037 Visible at Surface associated finger tips. Situated in pine woods.

CAPITA SYMONDS Report GC20549/G2/02 Carlisle B2 Rev. 0: 31/III/10

Derwent Forest Three Year Holding Programme Cumbria County Council Mine Entry Inspection Report

Capita Coal Scheme Scheme Symonds Authority Pit Name Easting Northing Status Reference, Reference, Comments Reference Reference PSS Investigation 13097 304532-013 NK 304302 532904 No Visible Expression Grazing land Un-named 13045 304532-015 304911 532690 No Visible Expression Location on or close to magazine bund. Adit 13052 305531-001 NK 305973 531704 No Visible Expression Rough grazing land 13078 305531-002 NK 305713 531649 No Visible Expression Gently sloping open rough grazing land 13095 305531-003 NK 305714 531697 No Visible Expression Thickets of gorse Spoil tips visible near to magazine building. 13048 305531-004 NK 305280 531732 Visible at Surface End tipped from East to West? Dense gorse thickets; disturbance due to 13059 305531-005 NK 305315 531766 No Visible Expression railway construction Dense gorse thickets; disturbance due to 13076 305531-006 NK 305299 531751 No Visible Expression railway construction 13084 305531-007 NK 305684 531637 No Visible Expression Gently sloping open rough grazing land 13049 305531-008 NK 305652 531547 No Visible Expression Close scrub and bushes 13058 305531-009 NK 305239 531745 Visible at Surface Gorse filled surface depression 13044 305532-001 NK 305066 532854 Visible at Surface Spoil tip material present. Smoothly sloping grazing land. This entry 13089 305532-003 NK 305541 532966 No Visible Expression may have been partially or fully removed by opencast methods. Smoothly sloping grazing land. This entry 13063 305532-007 NK 305833 532794 No Visible Expression may have been partially or fully removed by opencast methods. 13075 305532-008 NK 305700 532773 No Visible Expression Scattered scrub and brambles Slight depression barely visible in bush & 13088 305532-009 NK 305661 532781 Visible at Surface small trees)in sidelong rough ground. Dense brushwood and brambles. Possible depression under tree in dense scrub 13071 305532-010 NK 305559 532745 No Visible Expression and saplings 13070 305532-011 NK 305738 532571 Duplicate Reference No surface expression; see record 13112

CAPITA SYMONDS Report GC20549/G2/02 Carlisle B3 Rev. 0: 31/III/10

Derwent Forest Three Year Holding Programme Cumbria County Council Mine Entry Inspection Report

Capita Coal Scheme Scheme Symonds Authority Pit Name Easting Northing Status Reference, Reference, Comments Reference Reference PSS Investigation Possible true location of record 13070. Void 305532- with coal debris in rail trackbed; subsidence 13112 NK 305760 532550 Visible at Surface 011p damage to masonry bund wall. Not visible in 2010 inspection. Located in retaining wall above abandoned Buckhill 13080 305532-012 305890 532035 Indicated by PSS SS20245 railway. Probable Location indicated by Upcast JMC Consultants Buckhill Cored through 4.5m square cap over empty 13081 305532-013 305885 532048 Investigated SS20245 SS20243 Downcast shaft. Smoothly sloping grazing land. This entry 13074 305532-015 NK 305988 532722 No Visible Expression may have been partially or fully removed by opencast methods. Rough ground and bushes between road and 13036 305532-017 NK 305906 532726 No Visible Expression boundary fence. Rough ground and bushes between road and 13056 305532-018 NK 305805 532761 No Visible Expression boundary fence. Marked depression and spoil tip in 13079 306532-005 Ruston 306263 532171 Visible at Surface woodland. 2no. installations around hole. Positively located by geophysical survey and 13035 306532-006 Bradmoor Pit 306622 532098 Investigated SS20245 GC20381 intrusive investigation. 13037 306532-039 NK 306057 532607 No Visible Expression Level area of grass and surfacing Abrupt settlement depression in car park 13085 306532-040 NK 306026 532626 Visible at Surface surfacing. Macadam entrance enclosed in security 13083 306532-046 NK 306067 532641 No Visible Expression fencing on three sides Possible location in reedy marsh at East edge 13082 306532-056 NK 306094 532614 Visible at Surface of cut for former building. Possible location in raised slab at edge of 13092 306532-057 NK 306081 532636 Visible at Surface macadam car park. 13039 306532-068 NK 306014 532605 No Visible Expression Open grassland with scattered gorse bushes

CAPITA SYMONDS Report GC20549/G2/02 Carlisle B4 Rev. 0: 31/III/10

Derwent Forest Three Year Holding Programme Cumbria County Council Mine Entry Inspection Report

Capita Coal Scheme Scheme Symonds Authority Pit Name Easting Northing Status Reference, Reference, Comments Reference Reference PSS Investigation Not Possible mineshaft visible at surface in 13101 NK 304870 531590 Visible at Surface Referenced sloping ground above Holden's Gill Not Depression surrounded by mining spoil. Not 13113 NK 304369 532707 Visible at Surface Referenced referenced in Coal Authority list. Water filled depression with peripheral bund Not 13114 NK 305013 532264 Visible at Surface of material. Not referenced in Coal Authority Referenced records. Not Depression and spoil tips. Not referenced in 13115 NK 304921 531526 Visible at Surface Referenced Coal Authority records. Conical depression with smaller depressions Not 13116 NK 305440 532880 Visible at Surface around. Approx 1-2m deep, brickwork Referenced evident. No new sign of movement. Not Deepening void visible at surface of rough 13119 Greengill (?) 304706 531824 Visible at Surface Referenced grassland.

CAPITA SYMONDS Report GC20549/G2/02 Carlisle B5 Rev. 0: 31/III/10

Derwent Forest Three Year Holding Programme Cumbria County Council Mine Entry Inspection Report

C/01: References to Published Information

Author Reference Publisher Information Obtained 1:10,000 Geological Map Sheet British Geological Detailed geology of area of NY03SW, Combined Solid & Survey interest. Drift edition 1:10,000 Geological Map Sheet British Geological NY03SW, Locations of Survey Boreholes and Shafts Geological Map Sheet 22, British Geological General geology of area of Maryport: 1:50,000 scale Solid & Survey, 1995 interest. Drift Review of Mining Instability in D.O.E./Arup General references to Great Britain: Regional Report Geotechnics, 1991 mining within O.S. grid IX: North England square. Ground Subsidence ICE, 1977 Advice on causes, identification, prevention and remediation of subsidence. The treatment of Disused Mine National Coal Shafts and Adits Board, 1982 1st 2nd and 3rd Edition 1:2,500 Ordnance Survey Previous uses of the site scale plans since 1864. Digital and Landline map data Ordnance Survey reproduced at various scales HMSO, 1999 Barnes, R.P.; Geology of Workington & British Geological Young, B.; Maryport Survey, 1988 Frost, D.V.; Technical Report No. WA/88/3 Land, D.H. Griffiths, D.H. Applied Geophysics for 2nd. Edition & King, R.F. Geologists and Engineers Pergamon, 1981 McCann, D.M., The Use of Geophysical QJEG Vol. 20, Jackson, P.D. & Surveying Methods in the 1987 Culshaw, M.G. Detection of Natural Cavities and Mineshafts McNeill, J.D. Electromagnetic Terrain Geonics Ltd., 1980 Conductivity Measurement at Low Induction Numbers Parasnis, D.S. Principles of Applied Geophysics 2nd. Edition, 1972 Chapman & Hall

CAPITA SYMONDS Report GC20549/G2/02 Carlisle C1 Rev. 0: 31/III/10 Derwent Forest Three Year Holding Programme Cumbria County Council Mine Entry Inspection Report C/02: General Sources of Information

Source Information Obtained British Geological Survey, Report on solid and drift geology of the area of interest: Murchison House, locations and descriptions from abandonment plans (where West Mains Road, available) of shafts and workings. Index of abandonment Edinburgh EH9 3LA plans held. Information based on published 1:10,000 scale geological and thematic maps, field slips and survey work

summarised in BGS Report EE00/1055. Coal Authority List of known shafts in and adjacent to site, with treatment Mining Reports Office, details if known. Lichfield Lane Mansfield Nottinghamshire NG18 4RG CAPITA SYMONDS Stereoscopic Air Photographs of area of interest. Geotechnical Group, Kingmoor Business Park, Carlisle CA6 4SJ Mineral Valuer (Northern), Report covering past and future mining in the area, in general Benton House, terms. 136, Sandyford Road, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE2 1JJ National Monuments Records Stereoscopic Air photographs at various scales dating from Office, the mid 1940’s Air Photographs Section, Kemble Drive, Swindon SN2 2GZ Cumbria County Council Historic Ordnance Survey maps and plans. Public Records Office, No other relevant archive records known. Alma Block, The Castle, Carlisle CA3 8UR

C/03: Ground Investigation Reports

Source Date Title & Contents Information Obtained Capita Symonds March Phase I Land Quality Background information; Report SS20199 2001 Assessment: Broughton Moor historic and local setting; (Two Volumes) preliminary assessment Capita Symonds 7/VIII/02 Former Buckhill Colliery, Location of Buckhill Downcast Report SS20243: Broughton Moor, Mineshaft Shaft Investigation Capita Symonds 31/VIII/05 North Terrace, Broughton Location of Bradmoor Pit Report GC20381: Moor, Mineshaft Investigation

CAPITA SYMONDS Report GC20549/G2/02 Carlisle C2 Rev. 0: 31/III/10 Derwent Forest Three Year Holding Programme Cumbria County Council Mine Entry Inspection Report C/04: Computer Programs

Program Version & Date Publisher Use ACCESS 9.0.6926 SP-3, Microsoft Maintenance of archive ground 2000 investigation and other databases. ArcMap 9.0, build 535, ESRI GIS 2004 AutoCAD Map 2008 Autodesk Preparation of maps and plans

C/05: Standards, Statutes and Guidance on Statutes

Publisher Number Date Title British Standards BS5930 1999 Code of Practice for Site Investigations Institution Incorporating Amendment No. 1, 2007 HMSO 1957 Occupiers Liability Act HMSO 1984 Occupiers Liability Act

CAPITA SYMONDS Report GC20549/G2/02 Carlisle C3 Rev. 0: 31/III/10