DOCSLIB.ORG

Mobile Interaction Design: Integrating Individual and Organizational Perspectives

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Mobile Interaction Design: Integrating Individual and Organizational Perspectives Information Knowledge Systems Management 7 (2008) 121–144 121 IOS Press Mobile interaction design: Integrating individual and organizational perspectives Peter Tarasewicha, Jun Gongb, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nahc and David DeWesterc aISOM Department, Sawyer Business School, Suffolk University, 8 Ashburton Place, Boston, MA 02108 USA E-mail: [email protected] bGoogle, 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA E-mail: [email protected] cDepartment of Management, University of Nebraska – Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Abstract: While mobile computing provides organizations with many information systems implementation alternatives, it is often difficult to predict the potential benefits, limitations, and problems with mobile applications. Given the inherent portability of mobile devices, many design and use issues can arise which do not exist with desktop systems. While many existing rules of thumb for design of stationary systems apply to mobile systems, many new ones emerge. Issues such as the security and privacy of information take on new dimensions, and potential conflicts can develop when a single mobile device serves both personal and business needs. This paper identifies potential issues and problems with the use of mobile information systems by examining both personal and organizational perspectives of mobile devices and applications. It provides a set of guidelines that can assist organizations in making decisions about the design and implementation of mobile technologies and applications in organizations. 1. Introduction Mobile computing continues to provide organizations in a wide variety of industries with an increas- ing number of information systems implementation approaches and alternatives (e.g. [5,11,49,67,79]). Hundreds of mobile applications and technologies have been developed, but it is often difficult for an organization to determine whether or not they will benefit from such innovations, or what limitations and problems they may encounter. Since mobile devices can potentially be used in any context and are often constrained by their relatively small form factor, new design and use issues arise with mobile applications that do not exist with desktop systems. While many rules of thumb for designing mobile information systems carry over from stationary systems, many new ones emerge, and issues such as the security and privacy of information take on new meanings and dimensions. There are also potential conflicts when a single mobile device or system serves both personal and business needs; mobile devices that are well accepted by individuals may not be suitable for the corporate world. For example, organizations need to be concerned about achieving the right balance of controlling and empowering employees with the appropriate level of access to organizational data, and maximizing the continuity of organizational pro- cesses and activities while managing any disruptive activities arising from the use of mobile computing in organizations. 1389-1995/08/$17.00 2008 – IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved 122 P. Tarasewich et al. / Mobile interaction design: Integrating individual and organizational perspectives The goal of this paper is to identify the potential issues and problems with mobile interface design and use in organizations, and present a set of general guidelines that can be used by organizations to assist decision making about the design and implementation of mobile technologies and applications. First provided is an overview of current mobile device input/output interaction technologies, along with the challenges they pose to organizations. Oftentimes, mobile device interface design is more restrictive than desktop interface design due to factors such as relatively limited computing and communication power, smaller platform sizes, always-changing context, and user attention being split between multiple tasks. Next, the paper addresses security and privacy issues related to the use of mobile computing by organizations. While mobile computing can facilitate access to organizational data, security and privacy concerns must be taken into account to achieve the appropriate balance of access control. The portable nature of mobile devices makes them more vulnerable to loss, abuse, and theft than systems that remain behind locked doors. If wireless networks are used, data is also susceptible to unintended interception or theft by third parties. Security and privacy of stored or transmitted data is often maintained through methods (e.g., encryption) that keep it from being read by any unauthorized parties. But in a public setting, information displayed to a user (e.g., client data viewed on a laptop while on an airplane) may potentially be overseen by competitors or thieves. Furthermore, the classification of information as “private” may not be absolute. Privacy levels from organizational and personal perspectives may differ, which can potentially lead to conflicts when a device supports both personal and business use. Finally, this paper provides guidance to organizations on how to design, implement, and manage mobile applications on both individual and enterprise levels. While many general rules of thumb for interface and interaction design exist, there have been no similar guidelines provided to enterprises. Most of the existing guidelines are derived from the perspective of an individual’s use of mobile applications in dynamic contexts. But there are unique needs and concerns that must be considered for successful organizational use of mobile applications, that is, notions that go beyond individual use and may sometimes even conflict with personal use. We present a set of guidelines that are grounded in previous research, and provide examples where appropriate. 2. Mobile device interaction and challenges to organizations Handheld mobile devices, including personal digital assistants (PDAs) and cell phones, have become increasingly prevalent. Given the unique constraints of mobile devices, a well-designed and usable interface is critical in order for employees of organizations to accept the use of mobile technology [31, 54,88]. Some of the most challenging issues facing mobile interface designers include [28]: – Constantly changing context of usage, e.g., business executives who are always on the move – Limited user attention given to the device and application, e.g., using the device when walking – Mobile device user’s hands are typically occupied with other physical tasks, e.g., holding a briefcase or shuffling paperwork – High mobility during tasks, as well as the need to adopt a variety of positions and postures, e.g., activities of maintenance crew – Interacting with devices while in motion (at high speed), driven by external environment, e.g., in a public transport system such as a subway or train Other organizational issues also arise, including adherence to policies and standards, security and privacy of proprietary information, and the potential conflicts of using a single mobile device for both personal P. Tarasewich et al. / Mobile interaction design: Integrating individual and organizational perspectives 123 and business activities. To address these problems and challenges, the stage is set by providing a brief review of existing input/output interaction methods with mobile devices as well as security and privacy issues in the mobile environment. Mobile device interface design is generally more restrictive and problematic than desktop interface design because of constraints such as limited computing power, dynamic (and potentially unsecured) contexts, smaller platform sizes, and limited user attention [22,68]. 2.1. Input interaction Input interaction refers to the different ways in which users can enter data or commands. Commonly used technologies for input interaction with mobile devices include keyboards, keypads, styluses, buttons, cameras, microphones, scanners, and sensors (including those that determine the location of the device). The standard QWERTY keyboard found on typewriters and personal computers is being used on laptop computers and handheld devices such as Blackberries. The problem with using this full keyboard on these devices is that users must adjust to smaller keys, which may even require users to learn to type messages with both thumbs. Smaller keys pose data entry problems and increase error rates. On the other hand, devices such as phones and handhelds usually rely on a limited keypad for input because of limited device space. As such, data entry can be very cumbersome for organizational use and adoption. Most phones use a standard 12-button numeric keypad, with each of the keys from 2 through 9 corresponding to three or four English letters. Some common approaches for entering text using a keypad require pressing keys multiple times for each desired letter. Other approaches use dictionaries of words and linguistic models to “guess” the word intended by a series of keystrokes. Mackenzie and Soukoreff [46] provided an excellent review of existing mobile text entry methods, including small keypad based methods and stylus based methods, such as handwriting recognition, soft keyboards, and gesture input methods (e.g., Graffiti, Jot). As another alternative, keyboards (or other key configurations) can be created virtually on a screen. These “soft-keyboards” use a stylus to press the virtual keys and are often implemented as text entry options on PDAs and smart phones. Another way to eliminate the use of a keypad
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Bringing Full-Featured Mobile Phone Interaction Into Virtual Reality
    Computers & Graphics 97 (2021) 42–53 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Computers & Graphics journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/cag Special Section on VRCAI Bringing full-featured mobile phone interaction into virtual reality ∗ Huidong Bai a, , Li Zhang b, Jing Yang c, Mark Billinghurst a a Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand b Cyber-Physical Interaction Lab, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China c Department of Computer Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Virtual Reality (VR) Head-Mounted Display (HMD) technology immerses a user in a computer generated Received 20 July 2020 virtual environment. However, a VR HMD also blocks the users’ view of their physical surroundings, and Revised 31 March 2021 so prevents them from using their mobile phones in a natural manner. In this paper, we present a novel Accepted 8 April 2021 Augmented Virtuality (AV) interface that enables people to naturally interact with a mobile phone in real Available online 18 April 2021 time in a virtual environment. The system allows the user to wear a VR HMD while seeing his/her 3D Keywords: hands captured by a depth sensor and rendered in different styles, and enables the user to operate a Virtual reality virtual mobile phone aligned with their real phone. We conducted a formal user study to compare the Augmented virtuality AV interface with physical touch interaction on user experience in five mobile applications. Participants Head-mounted displays reported that our system brought the real mobile phone into the virtual world.
    [Show full text]
  • Creating an Evaluation System for a Mobile Application Design to Enhance Usability and Aesthetics Jiyoung Choi Iowa State University
    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Graduate Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2012 Creating an evaluation system for a mobile application design to enhance usability and aesthetics Jiyoung Choi Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd Part of the Graphic Design Commons Recommended Citation Choi, Jiyoung, "Creating an evaluation system for a mobile application design to enhance usability and aesthetics" (2012). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 12744. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/12744 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Creating an evaluation system for a mobile application design to enhance usability and aesthetics by Jiyoung Choi A thesis submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF FINE ARTS Major: Graphic Design Program of Study Committee: Debra Satterfield, Major Professor Roger Baer Fred Malven Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 2012 Copyright © Jiyoung Choi, 2012. All rights reserved. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF TABLES ABSTRACT vii CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE 4 2.1 Stress 4 2.2 Development of Mobile Technology 16 2.3 Design and Emotion 21 2.4 Design Elements 23 2.5 User-Centered Design for Mobile Applications 38 CHAPTER 3. METHODOLOGY 46 3.1 Methodology Overview 46 CHAPTER 4.
    [Show full text]
  • Getting Off the Treadmill: Evaluating Walking User Interfaces for Mobile Devices in Public Spaces Shaun K
    Getting Off the Treadmill: Evaluating Walking User Interfaces for Mobile Devices in Public Spaces Shaun K. Kane,1,2 Jacob O. Wobbrock1 and Ian E. Smith2,3 1The Information School 2Intel Research Seattle 3Transmutable Networks LLC DUB Group 1100 NE 45th Street, 6th Floor 4742 42nd Ave. SW #326 University of Washington Seattle, WA 98105 USA Seattle, WA 98126 USA Seattle, WA 98195 USA [email protected] {skane, wobbrock}@u.washington.edu ABSTRACT Using a mobile device while moving limits attention and motor ability and can result in reduced performance. Mobile devices that can sense and adapt to contextual factors such as movement may reduce this performance deficit. We performed two studies evaluating the feasibility of walking user interfaces (WUIs) that adapt their layout when the user is moving. In a pilot study with 6 users, we evaluated the effects of different button sizes on performance when walking while using a portable music player. Results showed significant interactions between size and movement. In the second study, 29 users evaluated the performance of a WUI that dynamically changed button sizes as the user moved. Results show that our dynamic user interface performs at the level of its component static interfaces without any additional penalty due to adaptation. This work adds to our design knowledge about walking user interfaces and provides lessons learned in evaluating mobile devices while walking in Figure 1. A participant interacting with our adaptive walking public spaces. user interface (WUI) on an ultra-mobile PC. a user who is typing a text message while walking down the street Categories and Subject Descriptors: H.5.2.
    [Show full text]
  • Mobile Interaction Design: Techniques for Early Stage In-Situ Design
    10 Mobile Interaction Design: Techniques for Early Stage In-Situ Design Marco de Sá, Luís Carriço & Carlos Duarte LaSIGE and Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon Portugal 1. Introduction The recent globalization of mobile technology and its overwhelming presence on everyday life through various societal groups and activities has raised its importance to unprecedented levels. Mobile devices’ diverse shapes, small size and distinctive characteristics impel their use in diverse and ubiquitous scenarios, cementing their presence within our work, social and entertainment activities. Accordingly, as they assume a greater meaning and a wider role of functionalities, a corresponding amount of new usage paradigms is also emerging. Consequentially, designers are increasingly faced with new design challenges, needing to cope with added difficulties of creating solutions for multiple contexts, users, purposes and new ubiquitous usage behaviours. Simultaneously, they need to cope with and leverage the small size factor and the peculiar or mixed interaction modalities (e.g., touch screen in concert with keyboard or voice) that define the trends of emerging mobile devices. Contrastingly, design problems for mobile devices, and corresponding solutions, have only recently begun to be partially and superficially addressed. Difficulties and challenges are spread through various stages of design. Three phases are particularly interesting: (1) requirements and data gathering on mobile contexts; (2) prototyping for small devices and (3) evaluation on real-world settings. Currently used approaches and existing methodologies still lack specific techniques to support design on such demanding conditions, hindering the design process and resulting in poor software regarding usability. Even recent approaches generally rely on simulations, lab experiences or derive directly from non-mobile techniques, colliding with studies that have clearly demonstrated the need to take the design process out of the lab when it comes to mobile devices.
    [Show full text]
  • MOBILE INTERACTION DESIGN Dr
    MOBILE INTERACTION DESIGN Dr. Barbara Rita Barricelli PhD Course, 21-22-23 January 2020 TIMEPLAN, MATERIAL, CONTACT Day Time Unit Course material: 10:00 – 13:00 1 https://barbara-barricelli.unibs.it/ Tuesday 21 13:30 – 15:30 2 10:00 – 13:00 3 For questions / suggestions: Wednesday 22 13:30 – 15:30 4 [email protected] 10:00 – 13:00 5 Thursday 23 13:30 – 15:30 6 OVERVIEW Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Interaction design Mobile Interaction Design User research Unit 4 Unit 5 Unit 6 iOS Human Interface Guidelines, Prototyping Hands-on activity Google Material Design OVERVIEW Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Interaction design Mobile Interaction Design User research Unit 4 Unit 5 Unit 6 iOS Human Interface Guidelines, Prototyping Hands-on activity Google Material Design UNIT 1 Interaction Design WHAT DOES DESIGN MEAN? * 1. To create, fashion, execute, or construct according to a plan 2. To have as a purpose 3. To devise for a specific function or end * Merriam-Webster Dictionary WHAT DOES DESIGN MEAN? * 1. To create, fashion, execute, or construct according to a plan 2. To have as a purpose 3. To devise for a specific function or end * Merriam-Webster Dictionary WHAT WE SEE… Tolomeo (Giancarlo Fassina and Michele De Lucchi for Artemide) WHAT WE SEE… Tolomeo (Giancarlo Louis Ghost Fassina and Michele De (Philippe Stark Lucchi for Artemide) for Kartell) WHAT WE SEE… Tolomeo (Giancarlo Louis Ghost Milan Fashion Week Fassina and Michele De (Philippe Stark Spring 2018 Lucchi for Artemide) for Kartell) Runway (Dolce & Gabbana) WHAT WE SEE… iMac G3 (Apple Inc) WHAT WE SEE… iMac G3 (Apple Inc) Artisan (Herbert Johnson for Kitchen Aid) WHAT WE SEE… iMac G3 (Apple Inc) Artisan (Herbert Johnson Walkman (Akio Morita for Kitchen Aid) and Mazaru Ibuka for Sony) … BUT BEHIND THE CURTAIN… … BUT BEHIND THE CURTAIN… … BUT BEHIND THE CURTAIN… … BUT BEHIND THE CURTAIN… … BUT BEHIND THE CURTAIN… … BUT BEHIND THE CURTAIN… WHAT DOES INTERACTION MEAN? * 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Model-Driven Development for Accessible Mobile Apps on Android
    Submitted by Dipl.-Ing. Elmar Krainz Submitted at Institut Integriert Studieren Supervisor and First Examiner a.Univ.-Prof. Dr. Klaus Miesenberger Second Examiner Model-Driven Develop- Prof. Dr. Roberto Manduchi ment for Accessible Mo- May 2018 bile Apps on Android Doctoral Thesis to obtain the academic degree of Doktor der technischen Wissenschaften in the Doctoral Program Technische Wissenschaften JOHANNES KEPLER UNIVERSITY LINZ Altenbergerstraße 69 4040 Linz, Österreich www.jku.at DVR 0093696 Sworn Declaration I hereby declare under oath that the submitted Doctoral Thesis has been written solely by me without any third-party assistance, information other than provided sources or aids have not been used and those used have been fully documented. Sources for literal, paraphrased and cited quotes have been accurately credited. The submitted document here present is identical to the electronically submitted text document. Linz, May 2018 Dipl.-Ing. Elmar Krainz, bakk. techn. Abstract The market for apps and mobile software is on the rise and this goes hand in hand with the number of apps in the stores, which has recently hit 3 million available apps (see https://www:statista:com/statistics/266210/). Due to this development, the natural user interaction of smartphones plays a crucial role. People with disabilities benefit from the increasing digital technology in general, but only if it is accessible. However, apps are often not accessible for people with disabilities since touch screens and visual representation very often overlook their needs. According to the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities around 650 million people of the world’s population are handicapped.
    [Show full text]
  • User-Experience of Human Computer Interaction (HCI) in Mobile Phones Dr
    108 Int'l Conf. Internet Computing and Internet of Things | ICOMP'16 | User-Experience of Human Computer Interaction (HCI) in Mobile Phones Dr. Minerva M. Bunagan1, and Prof. Nabil El Kadhi2 1Asst. Professor, College of Business, UoB, Buraimi, Oman 2Deputy Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs, UoB, Buraimi, Oman help in dealing with daily activities that require easy and Abstract – Users consider some characteristics in selecting a reliable information [5]. mobile device. These characteristics include interface design, efficiency, reliability, presence of utilities, responsiveness, The presence of various types and brands of mobile portability, performance and advanced features. On the other phones in the market provides sufficient options to the users. hand, mobile developers apply HCI principles in designing The features available in each mobile phone depend on the mobile devices and consider the user-experience as well. operating system, from which it is based. There are mobile Mobile users reflected their experience of the 7 HCI devices that are based on IOS, Android, Windows, Blackberry principles in their commentaries and it appeared that the most and Symbian, which is now gradually disappearing under the relevant principles are consistency, synthesizability and ownership of Microsoft [6]. substitutivity. To specifically determine the effect of a specific Most users however choose mobile phones in design principle on a certain product, the study recommends consideration of the camera, memory capacity, music, video, exploring the prioritization of the HCI principles as gaming, downloading, and surfing capabilities. Moreover, implemented by the mobile phone developers. This will pave they take into account the size, weight, functionality, and ease way for the differentiation of design principles applicable to of use.
    [Show full text]
  • Mobile Interaction Does Not Exist
    Mobile Interaction Does Not Exist Joe Marshall Abstract Mixed Reality Lab Most mobile systems are ‘stop-to-interact’; designed for Department of Computer Science active interaction only when a user is standing still, University of Nottingham paying visual and mental attention to the device. Nottingham, NG8 1BB, UK However, people are increasingly carrying and using [email protected] devices while undertaking a wide range of movement activities, such as walking, cycling, running. Some Paul Tennent existing systems such as Apple’s Siri aim for hands and Mixed Reality Lab eyes free use, but they do not consider the wider Department of Computer Science challenges of interaction during movement. University of Nottingham Nottingham, NG8 1BB, UK We describe the challenges of system design for active [email protected] mobile interaction. These ‘interaction in motion’ challenges are discussed with reference to an extreme movement interaction situation – cold water swimming. Author Keywords Motion; interaction; interaction in motion; mobile; swimming Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for ACM Classification Keywords personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies H.5.m. Information interfaces and presentation (e.g., are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that HCI): Miscellaneous. copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, General Terms requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Design CHI 2013 Extended Abstracts, April 27–May 2, 2013, Paris, France.
    [Show full text]
  • Distinctive Aspects of Mobile Interaction and Their Implications for the Design of Multimodal Interfaces
    Distinctive Aspects of Mobile Interaction and their Implications for the Design of Multimodal Interfaces Luca Chittaro HCI Lab Dept. of Math and Computer Science University of Udine via delle Scienze, 206 33100 Udine, Italy http://hcilab.uniud.it ABSTRACT. People want to do more with their mobile phones, but their desire is frustrated by two classes of limitations. One is related to the device, its hardware and software. The other is related to the context, and comprises perceptual, motor, cognitive and social aspects. This paper will discuss some of the opportunities and challenges that this complex scenario presents to multimodality, which can be a key factor for a better design of mobile interfaces to help people do more on their mobile phones, requiring less time and attention. Keywords: mobile devices, multimodal interfaces, attention, cognitive workload mitigation, human factors, human-computer interaction. Introduction People want to do more with their mobile devices, but their desire is frustrated by different kinds of limitations. A pioneering work on studying the peculiar aspects of interaction in mobile conditions was carried out by Pascoe et al. [22]. They focused on a specific class of users (fieldworkers, in particular archaeologists and ethologists) and on a specific task (fieldwork data collection) pointing out that mobile devices could effectively support it, provided that the following requirements are taken into account: (i) allow to collect data whenever and wherever the fieldworker wants, whether she is standing, crawling or walking, (ii) minimize the amount of user attention required to interact with the device, (iii) enter high volumes of data quickly and accurately, (iv) have the device sense the environment to record some context information such as location, and help in Preprint Version analyzing it (e.g., plotting her observations to a map, based on the locations in which they have been recorded).
    [Show full text]
  • Designing an Interface for a Mobile Application Based on Children's Opinion
    Paper—Designing an Interface For a Mobile Application Based on Children’s Opinion Designing an Interface For a Mobile Application Based on Children’s Opinion https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v11i1.6099 Radoslava Kraleva South-West University “Neofit Rilski”, Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria [email protected] Abstract—Modern mobile devices are becoming more and more popular in children’s lives. Therefore, the development of appropriate applications for them is of crucial importance. This article focuses precisely on the design of in- terfaces for mobile application with the participation of children. An overview of contemporary research related to Child-Computer Interaction (CCI) is made. The opinion of the children aged from 4 to 13 years on the possibilities and the features of the interface of mobile applications is investigated. The results ob- tained are summarized and analyzed. The prototype of a mobile application which corresponds to the preferences of the children under investigation is pre- sented. Finally, the article specifies some future directions for research. Index Terms—Children, mobile application for children, software engineering, child-computer interaction (CCI), mobile learning. 1 Introduction Mobile technologies are closely related to the modern way of life. Young children who cannot read or write until the age of 7 in some cases, already know how to use a tablet and/or a smartphone. This is possible due to the interactive and easy to use (friendly) software products. However, it must be borne in mind that the applications suitable for children should be different from those for adults. Usually, they are funny, intuitive and interesting, hence, they keep children’s attention for a long period of time.
    [Show full text]
  • User Interaction Experiences on the Touchscreen Mobile Device
    USER INTERACTION EXPERIENCES ON THE TOUCHSCREEN MOBILE DEVICE LAHTI UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES Degree programme in Business Information Technology Orientation Thesis Spring 2012 Ding Li Lahti University of Applied Sciences Degree Programme in Business Information Technology Ding Li: User interaction experiences on the touchscreen mobile device Bachelor’s Thesis in Business Information Technology, 54 pages, 1 appendix Spring 2012 ABSTRACT The touchscreen mobile phone has totally shifted the interaction experiences of the users, as the touchscreen tremendously popularized, this thesis was focused to figure out what are the general user experiences existed and what are the factors that enhanced or affected those experiences, since the information could provide valuable suggestion on the further development and the developer to create more user friendly touchscreen applications. The general approach of the research is inductive research, in which the research gave theoretical finding base on the different raw data from the user. In-depth interview was held in order to gather the needed user feeling, while the final conclusion was summarized and organized by using coding techniques. Key words: user interaction experiences, touchscreen LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Conceptual framework 8 Figure 2: Example of the finger optimization 12 Figure 3: Example of minimalist 14 Figure 4: Thumb optimization application 15 Figure 5: Interviewee sampling 18 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Interviewee selection 18 Table 2: semi-structured interview questions 21
    [Show full text]
  • There's an App for That!
    There’s an App for That! Libraries and Mobile Technology: An Introduction to Public Policy Considerations Timothy Vollmer Policy Brief No. 3, June 2010 The Office for Information Technology Policy acknowledges the American Library Association and the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation for their financial support of this policy brief. The opinions articulated in this policy brief are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funders. © 2010 American Library Association. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License, available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/. Policy Brief No. 3, June 2010 There’s an App for That! Libraries and Mobile Technology: An Introduction to Public Policy Considerations Timothy Vollmer1 As the information revolution continues to unfold, libraries will experiment with mobile devices and services to support the information needs of their users wherever they may be. The adoption of mobile technology alters the traditional relationships between libraries and their users and introduces novel challenges to reader privacy. At the same time, the proliferation of mobile devices and services raises issues of access to information in the digital age, including content ownership and licensing, digital Through mobile rights management, and accessibility. This policy brief explores some of these issues, connectivity, infor- and is intended to stimulate further community discussion and policy analysis. mation is becoming Bringing the Power of the Internet to Life on the Go intertwined with our lives more profoundly Mobile technology is altering and extending the ways we communicate, than is the case when conduct business, teach, learn, entertain ourselves, and make consumer deci- we sit down at a sions.
    [Show full text]