Aunt Susan's Place
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w 8 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS LIBRARY Aunt Susan’s BY KATE CULKIN A suffrage foremother is honored in a now faded architectural gem in the Bronx. n 1950, Susan B. ments and opportunities to Honorees had to be American Anthony became the Anthony’s legacy. citizens who had been dead eighth woman elected The Hall of Fame held a for at least ten years and into the Hall of Fame prominent place in American “distinguished themselves for Great Americans, culture throughout much of by their accomplishments in Ithe first hall of fame in the the twentieth century. Located the arts, sciences and other United States. Born in 1820, on the Bronx Community pursuits directed toward the Anthony famously fought for College campus, the former betterment of mankind.” women’s suffrage from the uptown home of New York Politicians, military leaders, 1850s until her death in University, the 630-foot out authors, musicians, artists, 1906. As one of American door marble colonnade with educators, scientists, and history’s most celebrated spaces for bronze busts of inventors make up the women, her selection might 102 honorees was dedicated honorees, including George seem a forgone conclusion. in 1900. NYU Chancellor Washington, Thomas Anthony was elected, howev Henry McCracken hoped the Jefferson, Ralph Waldo er, only after a 30-year cam hall, designed by Stanford Emerson, Harriet Beecher paign driven by women who White, would help the school Stowe, and Orville and connected their accomplish develop a national reputation. Wilbur Wright. NEW YORK archives • SPRING 2018 w 9 The Hall of Fame for Great Americans consists of a 630-foot outdoor marble colonnade with spaces for 102 bronze busts. The Hall of Fame is on the Bronx Community College Campus at University Avenue and 182nd Street in the Bronx. It is open for self-guided tours, Monday- Saturday; visitors must have a photo ID to enter the campus. Guided tours can be arranged by contacting Remo Cosentino at remo. NEW YORK STATE ARCHIVES NEW YORK STATE [email protected]. Last Election elections, and the 2012 desig selected educators Mary Lyon The last election was held in nation of the campus as a and Emma Willard and 1976, three years after NYU National Historical Landmark astronomer Maria Mitchell; sold the campus to New generated positive publicity. A temperance advocate Frances York City to house Bronx durable natural patina means Willard and Stowe followed Community College, part of the busts remain bright with in 1910. In 1914, the hall’s the City University of New occasional buffing, but it is administrators proposed a York. The plan for NYU and difficult to prioritize money distinct “Hall of Fame for the city to co-finance the hall for structural repairs, much Women,” with a separate fell apart by 1977. Neither less elections, over the needs ballot. It lasted until 1922, NYU nor New York City could of students. when, “in order to remove any generate enthusiasm for the Before the hall’s glory semblance of discrimination, funding as they each faced faded, elections, held every this plan was abandoned, and financial crises. The civil rights five years, attracted national all questions of sex in future and women’s rights move attention. (After 1970, they elections were abolished.” ments and the rise of social were every three years.) From and cultural history, in 1900 through the 1970s, the Long Campaign addition, made a monument American public mounted In 1920, her first year of defining “Great Americans” elaborate campaigns nomi eligibility, Susan B. Anthony as primarily white men seem nating those they found fell one vote short of being old-fashioned and, thus, worthy. Approximately 100 elected to the hall. In 1925, hard to promote. The hall’s “distinguished citizens,” the eligibility requirement was location in the Bronx also including university presidents, extended from ten to twenty- dissuaded visitors. A 1978 Los historians, scientists, authors, five years after death, placing Angeles Times article notes editors, and judges, served as the Anthony campaign on hold. the hall “is partly out of electors, selecting from the Beginning in 1935, the place, out of time and surely names nominated by the National Federation of Business out of money.” Periodically, public. In 1900, none of the and Professional Woman’s groups on and off campus nine nominated women were Clubs (BPW) led the charge have proposed reviving the elected. In 1905, the electors for Anthony’s nomination. www.nysarchivestrust.org 10 IMAGES COURTESY OF THE BRONX COMMUNITY COLLEGE ARCHIVES California members of the National Federation of Business and Professional Women promoted efforts to elect Anthony in its publication, Independent Woman, and submitted over 50 petitions to Hall of Fame electors in 1935. BPW, founded in 1919 to The National Woman’s Party, Temperance Union, having In 1935, the lobby for the interests of fighting for the Equal Rights already secured a spot in the professional women, grew in Amendment, wanted to paint hall for its founder Frances California clubs numbers and influence over its members as Anthony’s Willard, and the Daughters of submitted over fifty the course of its fifteen-year true heirs. Having already the American Revolution (DAR) Anthony campaign. In 1935, formed the Susan B. Anthony also threw their weight behind petitions stating, the California clubs submitted Memorial Committee, the the nomination. The DAR sent over fifty petitions stating, party added lobbying for electors a profile of Anthony “We the undersigned “We the undersigned present Anthony’s election to efforts from its magazine, which urged present the name of the name of Susan B. Anthony such as renaming public women to honor Anthony by for nomination to the Hall of schools and parks and fund voting and lamented younger Susan B. Anthony for Fame. In our opinion she is ing a sculpture for the US women’s lack of interest in one of the outstanding women Capitol of Anthony, Elizabeth her; a handwritten note nomination to the citizens of the United States.” Cady Stanton, and Lucretia annotating the clipping Hall of Fame.” In 1945, Lillian Call, the second Mott. Working with the explained: “She was a life vice-president of the New National Woman’s Party was member. She made out her York BPW, suggested Anthony’s Rose Arnold Powell, founder lineage papers herself in 1898.” election would honor both of the Susan B. Anthony the suffragist and modern Forum, who was on a mission Honoring Women American women for their to promote and preserve Not all advocates for Anthony’s contribution to the war effort. Anthony’s legacy. She focused nomination were aligned with Others worked for on the Hall of Fame after her women’s organizations. In Anthony’s election as part of campaign to include Anthony 1945, fifteen former presidents larger efforts to enshrine the on Mount Rushmore failed. of the National Education suffragist in public memory. The Woman’s Christian Association argued that elect- NEW YORK archives • SPRING 2018 11 kind of work we want to do, have control of our earnings and other property, exercise control with our husbands over our own children, partici pate in all the rights and responsibilities of full citizen ship, is due to a very great extent to the struggle which Copies of a play this great woman in company with others like her carried on consisting of a for most of her adult life.” “verbatim” transcript Modern Treatment of Anthony’s trial The money was raised within two years, allowing Anthony after her 1872 arrest to be installed in 1952, along with Thomas Paine, for voting were elected in 1945. sold for 25 cents to A committee consisting of The National Federation of Business and Professional Women’s Clubs former presidents of the raise money. raised money to fund the bust of Anthony by selling copies of the play National Sculpture Society The Verbatim Trial of Susan B. Anthony for a quarter. selected Brenda Putnam for the bust’s commission. Putnam ing Anthony would honor $10,000 needed for the bust had sculpted the hall’s Harriet women’s work during World and unveiling ceremony. Beecher Stowe bust in 1925; War II, as well the twenty- Copies of a play consisting of her father Herbert Putnam fifth anniversary of the a “verbatim” transcript of was the former Librarian of Nineteenth Amendment. Anthony’s trial after her 1872 Congress and an elector. The Their support indicates the arrest for voting were sold for Independent Woman says of success of efforts to promote 25 cents to raise money. the Anthony bust, “Although Anthony’s importance to BPW encouraged club highly modern in treatment American history; educators members to view fundraising and feeling, it faithfully sent electors publications and personal contributions as reproduces her features and designed to help teachers a way to thank Anthony. A characteristic facial expression integrate Anthony into their 1952 fundraising plea in the as revealed in photographs curriculum. Civic groups from BPW publication Independent taken at about this period Anthony’s city of Rochester, Woman notes: in her young womanhood.” New York, also chimed in, “Let us all remind our The stress on the modern spurred after 1945 by the selves—let us remind our treatment emphasizes the link establishment of the Susan B. fellow club members—that between the nineteenth- Anthony Memorial, now whatever contributions we century reformer and twentieth- known as the Susan B. Anthony make should be regarded as century womanhood that Museum & House. merely the small payment was central to the strategies