TRACE 2021 Tree Rings in Archaeology, Climatology and Ecology
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS
16-17 June 2021 TRACE 2021 Tree Rings in Archaeology and Ecology 16-17 June 2021, Lund, Sweden
Book of abstracts Recommended citation: Edvardsson, J., Chen, T.T., Gunnarson, B., Hansson, A., Linderholm, H.W. (eds.) (2021) Book of Abstracts. TRACE 2021 Conference, 16-17 June 2021, Lund, Sweden. 135 p.
Citation example for individual abstract: Baron, J.N., Daniels, L.D., Longstaffe, F.J. (2021) Anthropogenic drivers ofPinus strobus growth in a protected area since 1950: Evidence from tree rings and carbon stable isotopes. In: Edvardsson, J., Chen, T.T., Gunnarson, B., Hansson, A., Linderholm, H.W. (eds.) Book of Abstracts. TRACE 2021 Conference, 16-17 June 2021, Lund, Sweden. p. 14. TRACE 2021: Tree Rings in Archaeology, Climatology and Ecology
Foreword
Dear tree-ring friends,
It is our pleasure to finally welcome you to the TRACE 2021 – Tree Rings in Archaeology, Climatology and Ecology - conference. It has not been an easy task to prepare for the meeting during this pandemic and constantly changing conditions. But the Swedish team together with the Association for Tree-Ring Research (ATR) decided already in 2020, when the pandemic forced us to cancel the event, that we should give it a second try in 2021 instead. When we realized that the pandemic would retain its grip well into 2021, we went from the idea of a hybrid conference to an event completely online. So, this is the first TRACE meeting to be completely virtual. It is indeed sad not to meet face to face, but at the same time it is very climate-friendly with a small carbon footprint, and likely the way many meetings will be conducted in the future.
We hope that TRACE 2021 will be an opportunity to exchange knowledge and experience in contemporary key aspects of tree-ring science. The conference aims at providing a forum for scientist and students that use tree rings as a proxy of climatological, environmental, and cultural heritage studies. In this book of abstracts, a wide range of contemporary tree-ring research from all around the world is presented. These address methodological issues in cross disciplinary and cross-scale studies, while different aspects of tree-ring research ranging from dendroclimatology and forest ecology to tree physiology and dendroarchaeology will be highlighted in four conference sessions.
TRACE 2021 is organized by the three university-based tree-ring laboratories in Sweden linked to Lund University, University of Gothenburg, and Stockholm University, with support from the ATR. We would also like to take the opportunity to thank the organisers of the pre– conference workshops as well as the sponsors and the financiers who made contributions enabling us to provide this conference free of charge.
We warmly welcome you to TRACE 2021!
The Swedish Organizing Committee TRACE 2021: Tree Rings in Archaeology, Climatology and Ecology
Organizing committee
JohannesEdvardsson LundUniversity Hans W Linderholm Gothenburg University BjörnGunnarsson StockholmUniversity AntonHansson LundUniversity Tzu Tung (Sassa) Chen Gothenburg University
Scientific comittee
Dr. Giovanna BattipagliaUniversity of Campania "L. Vanvitelli" Dr. Allan Buras Technical University of Munich Prof.Dr.PaoloCherubini WSL Dr.JohannesEdvardsson LundUniversity Dr.BjörnGunnarson StockholmUniversity Prof.Dr.HansLinderholm GothenburgUniversity Prof. Dr. Neil Loader Swansea University Dr. Ute Sass-KlassenWageningen University Dr. Ryszard KaczkaCharles University Dr. Kerstin Treydte WSL Dr. Ernst van der Maaten Technische Universität Dresden Dr.AntonHansson LundUniversity Dr. Raúl Sanchez-SalgueroUniversity Pablo de OIavide TRACE 2021: Tree Rings in Archaeology, Climatology and Ecology
TRACE 2021 sponsors TRACE 2021: Tree Rings in Archaeology, Climatology and Ecology
Contents
Program 8
Workshops 13
Events 13
Session 1 - Trees in a Changing Climate Oral presentations 15 Poster presentations 23 Video presentations 47
Session 2 - Old Wood in the Limelight Oral presentations 53 Poster presentations 61 Video presentations 68
Session 3 - Inside Wood Oral presentations 71 Poster presentations 79 Video presentations 90
Session 4 - Cutting Edge Dendrochronology Oral presentations 93 Poster presentations 103 Video presentations 118
List of participants 129 TRACE 2021: Tree Rings in Archaeology, Climatology and Ecology
TRACE 2021 Conference Tree Rings in Archaeology, Climatology and Ecology June 16-17 2021, Lund, Sweden
Wednesday June 16 09:00–09:30 Welcome
Dendrochronology in Sweden – Old Wood in a New Light Database and introduction to different Swedish laboratories and projects presented at TRACE
Johannes Edvardsson, Hans Linderholm, Björn Gunnarson Session 1 – Trees in a Changing Climate 09:30–09:35 Introduction by chairHans Linderholm 09:35–09:45 Angela Luisa Prendin(talk) Influences of summer warming and nutrient availability on Salix glauca L. growth in Greenland along an ice to sea gradient
09:45–09:55 Emanuele Ziaco (talk) Multi-decadal patterns of terrestrial and aquatic productivity in a sub-alpine lake in the Siskiyou Mountains (California, US) 09:55–10:00 Andreas Burger(video) The wetter the better? A first comprehensive assessment of tree growth and climate sensitivity of Ulmus laevis along a hydrological gradient
10:00–10:10 Ivan Tychkov(talk) Effect of climate change on the phenology of conifers in Central Siberia 10:10–10:20 Jen Baron(talk) Anthropogenic drivers ofPinus strobus growth in a protected area since 1950: Evidence from tree rings and carbon stable isotopes
10:20–10:40 Break 10:40–10:45 Martin Šenfeldr(video) Dendroclimatological study ofQuercus robur and Fraxinus angustifolia in floodplain forest ecosystem 10:45–10:50 Nadezhda Semenyak (video) Dendroclimatic signals in the pine and spruce chronologies in the Solovetsky Archipelago 10:50–11:00 Nela Maredova (talk) Environmental factors driving tree growth responses to climate across NE Asia 11:00–11:05 Enrico Tonelli (video) Late frosts effects on Apennines beech forests: insights from tree rings 11:05–11:15 Philipp Römer (talk) Fading temperature sensitivity of long tree-ring density chronologies from Corsica (France) 8 TRACE 2021: Tree Rings in Archaeology, Climatology and Ecology
11:15–11:30 Break 11:30–11:40 Christopher Leifsson (talk) Functional legacies after extreme drought events in forest ecosystems: a large-scale analysis 11:40–11:50 Václav Treml(talk) Trends in climatically-driven extreme growth reductions ofPicea abies and Pinus sylvestris in Central Europe 11:50–11:55 Martin Šenfeldr (video) Dendroclimatological study ofQuercus robur and Fraxinus angustifolia in floodplain forest ecosystem 11:55–12:00 Nadezhda Semenyak (video) Dendroclimatic signals in the pine and spruce chronologies in the Solovetsky Archipelago 12:00–12:15 Discussion and summary (Hans Linderholm)
12:15–13:15 Lunch break
Session 2 – Old Wood in the Limelight 13:15–13:25 Introduction by chair (Anton Hansson)
13:25–13:35 Oliver Nelle (talk) Of beech and ash – dendroarchaeology of the neolithic lake shore settlement Olzreuter Ried (SW-Germany)
13:35–13:40 Alar Läänelaid (video) Ships were made of oak, pine or larch 13:40–13:50 Marta Domínguez Delmás (talk) Non-invasive dendrochronology on half ship models from the Rijksmuseum (Amsterdam, The Netherlands) reveals their production dates and shipyards
13:50–14:00 Coralie Mills (talk) SESOD: The South East Scotland Oak Dendrochronology project
14:00–14:15 Break 14:15–14:25 Martin Bridge (talk) How old is that post-mill? 14:25–14:35 Anne Crone (talk) American oak imports to the British Isles in the 18th and early 19th centuries; the dendrochronological evidence
14:35–14:45 Diogo Cláudio Pavão (talk) Dendrochronological potential of the Azorean endemic gymnospermJuniperus brevifolia (Seub.) Antoine
14:45–14:55 Evrim Sahan (talk) The first tree-ring based fire history of black pine forests in Turkey
14:55–15:05 Jorge Martinez-Garcia (talk) Automated 3D tree-ring detection and ring- width calculation from X-ray computed tomography
15:05–15:20 Discussion (Anton Hansson)
9 TRACE 2021: Tree Rings in Archaeology, Climatology and Ecology
15:20–15:35 Break
15:35–17:00 Video & Poster session – Mingle around virtual stands!
> 3 min video (pre-recorded)
> Poster + 1 min speed presentation
> Chat with presenters online
17:00–18:00 ATR annual meeting (Organizers, ATR board)
Thursday June 17
Session 3 – Inside wood 09:00–09:05 Introduction by chair (Björn Gunnarson)
09:05–09:20 “Invited speaker” (Alan Crivellaro)
09:20–09:30 Domen Arnič(talk) Intra-annual variation in vessel features in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in years with extreme climate conditions
09:30–09:40 Alberto Arzac (talk) Intra-annual density fluctuations beyond the Mediterr- anean: IADF respond to temperature in southern Siberian pines
09:40–09:50 Daria Belousova (talk) VS-Cambium-Developer (VS-CD): new opportunities to quantify a cambium activity of conifer species
09:50–10:00 Marek Fajstavr (talk) The intra-annual density fluctuation as an acclimation response to water use efficiency of tracheidsPinus in sylvestris L.
10:00–10:05 Siti Fatimah Hanum (video) Seasonal growth dynamics of Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) on sandy soils in the Netherlands during the dry summer 2018
10:05–10:20 Break
10:20–10:30 Jelena Lange (talk) Forward modelling reveals a complex pattern of climatic control on wood formation in conifers at cold-limited sites
10:30–10:40 Negar Rezaie (talk) What can xylem tell about extreme weather events?
10:40–10:50 Paulina Puchi (talk) Wood anatomy and tree-ring isotopes reveal hydraulic deterioration as the main cause of Araucaria araucana dieback in southern America 11:50–11:55 Alba Anadon-Rosell (video) Effects of dominant moss species on shrub growth and xylem anatomy along a precipitation gradient in the subarctic tundra 10 TRACE 2021: Tree Rings in Archaeology, Climatology and Ecology
11:55–12:05 Petter Stridbeck (talk) Growing season changes in Swedish forests – early wakening, early retreat? 12:05–12:20 Discussion and summary (Björn Gunnarson)
12:20–13:20 Lunch break
13:20–13:50 Special guest – “Diversity in dendrochronology” (Valerie Trouet)
13:50–14:05 Break
Session 4 – Cutting Edge Dendrochronology 14:05–14:10 Introduction by chair (Johannes Edvardsson, Tzu Tung Chen)
14:10–14:20 Eileen Kuhl (talk) A density provenance model to improve millennium length temperature reconstructions
14:20–14:30 Miloš Rydval (talk) High-resolution reflected light imaging for dendrochronology: towards the development of unbiased reflectance timeseries
14:30–14:40 Jesper Björklund (talk) Dendroanatomy – a new contender in Dendro- climatology
14:40–14:50 Paolo Cherubini (talk) Tree vitality and forest health: any better indicators than tree-ring widths?
14:50–14:55 Achim Bräuning (video) A new interdisciplinary approach to illustrate climate change on forest ecosystems
14:55–15:00 Giulia Resente (video) Mask, Train, Repeat! Artificial Intelligence for Quantitative Wood Anatomy
15:00-15:15 Break
15:15–15:25 Rob Wilson (talk) Evaluating the dendroclimatological potential of Blue Intensity on conifer species from Australasia
15:25–15:35 Valentina Vitali (talk) High-frequency stable isotope signals in uneven-aged forests as proxy for physiological responses to climate in Central Europe
15:35–15:40 Elisabetta Boaretto (video) Discovery of annual growth in a modern olive branch based on carbon isotopes and implications for the Bronze Age volcanic eruption of Santorini 15:40–15:50 Cristina Valeriano (talk) Recovering shifts in drought imprints from tree growth to understand the vulnerability to dieback
11 TRACE 2021: Tree Rings in Archaeology, Climatology and Ecology
15:50–16:00 Jeanne Rezsöhazy (talk) Reconstruction of the Southern Hemisphere climate over the past millennium taking into account explicitly the links between climate and tree growth with process-based dendroclimatic models 16:00–16:15 Break
16:15–16:25 Matthew Goodwin (talk) Hydroclimate proxies using stable isotopes in grey mangroves (Avicennia marina) 16:25–16:35 Paula Ballikaya (talk) Nanoparticle concentration in trees is higher through leaf delivery
16:35–16:45 Elisabet Martínez-Sancho (talk) Is ring porosity a favorable strategy for oaks under different climate types?
16:45–17:00 Discussion and summary (Johannes Edvardsson, Tzu Tung Chen)
17:00–17:15 Break
17:15–17:35 Closing session and award ceremony (Organizers, ATR board)
12 TRACE 2021: Tree Rings in Archaeology, Climatology and Ecology
Workshops
Maximize the signal to noise ratio from your next talk Organizer: Alan Crivellaro, Department of Geography, University of Cambridge Date: 2-4 PM (CET), 1 June & 8 June
DendroTools R package: dendroclimatological analysis using daily climate data and simple nonlinear machine learning methods Organizer: Jernej Jevšenak, Slovenian Forestry Institute, Department of Yield and Silviculture, Večna pot 2, Slovenia Date: 10 AM (CET), 15 June
Blue Intensity for Dendroclimatology Organiser: Rob Wilson, University of St. Andrews, UK & Ryszard Kaczka, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic Date: Session A June 11th from 12pm (CET), Session B June 14th from 12pm (CET)
Events
Pre-conference event Advances in Tree Ring analysis using optimised LA-IRMS Organiser: SERCON LIMITED Date: Presentation with Q&A Tuesday 15th June 11am (CET)
Post-conference event I-BIND - International Blue Intensity Network Development Working Group Kickstart meeting Organisers: Rob Wilson, University of St. Andrews, UK & Ryszard Kaczka, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic Date: 18th of June, 2 pm (CET)
13
TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / oral presentations
Anthropogenic drivers ofPinus strobus growth in a protected area since 1950: Evidence from tree rings and carbon stable isotopes
J. N. Baron1, L. D. Daniels1, F. J. Longstaffe2 1Department of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Canada 2Department of Earth Sciences, University of Western Ontario, Canada [email protected]
Anthropogenic climate change poses a standardized precipitation evapotrans- significant threat to the composition, piration index (SPEI). Specifically, structure, and function of protected areas. decreased growth and increased iWUE in The Pinery Provincial Park, Ontario, Canada the 1990s is associated with dry and warm contains some of the most rare, biodiverse, conditions, while increased growth and and threatened oak savanna and coastal dune constant iWUE through the 2000s is ecosystems in North America; however, it is associated with wet and warm conditions. not well understood how climate change Additional breakpoints in the carbon isotope impacts tree growth in this protected area. record distinguish growth phases in the We quantified the impacts of climate change 1950s, 1960s, and 1970–1990s coinciding onPinus strobus (Eastern white pine) with management decisions related to infra- growth at the Pinery from 1950–2017 using structure, pine plantations, and prescribed annual ring-width index (RWI), stable burns. Based on these results, we suggest carbon isotope composition of cellulose that climate change and anthropogenic (carbon), and intrinsic water use efficiency management have driven growth ofP. (iWUE). Breakpoint and climate-growth strobus at the Pinery since 1950, with the analyses detected significant changes in the impact of climate change becoming increas- growth (RWI, carbon), and iWUE chrono- ingly important since 1990. We discuss the logies in the early 1990s and early 2000s implications of these findings in the context associated with shifts in winter and late- of future climate change and oak savanna spring precipitation, temperature, and conservation.
15 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / oral presentations
Functional legacies after extreme drought events in forest ecosystems: a large-scale analysis
C. Leifsson1, A. Buras1, A. Rammig1, C. Zang1 1Land Surface-Atmosphere Interactions, Technical University of Munich, Hans-Carl-von- Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85354 Freising, Germany [email protected]
The threat posed by extreme drought events ring data networks using the standardized to the integrity of forest ecosystems is precipitation evapotranspiration index gaining increasing scientific attention. As (SPEI). We identify significant CSD during droughts become more severe and frequent, legacy periods compared to non-legacy widespread tree mortality is expected to rise. periods using linear mixed models, and Temporarily depressed tree-growth after differentiate the responses by anatomical droughts (so-called legacy periods) is and climatological factors. We explicitly regularly reported as a consequence of sample for extreme droughts with an drought impacts. However, little is known ecological response by applying a combined about how droughts change the relationship climatological and ecological drought between tree-growth and climate. Such threshold. alterations in the climate sensitivity of tree- growth can help improve our understanding Results show that CSD after extreme of underlying physiological mechanisms drought events are widespread but not that link drought events and subsequent uniform. The strength and duration of CSD recovery processes in trees. These insights are found to be related to anatomical and can ultimately improve both our climatological factors, revealing a understanding of tree vulnerability, as well complexity in responses that depend on as future projections of tree-growth under multiple factors. These results demonstrate a climate change. novel layer of drought responses that improve our understanding of tree Here, we identify post-drought deviations in vulnerability on a mechanistic level. climate sensitivity (CSD) in large-scale tree-
16 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / oral presentations
Environmental factors driving tree growth responses to climate across NE Asia
N. Maredova1,2, P. Fibich1,2, J. Dolezal1,2, O.N. Ukhvatkina3, A.M. Omelko3,A.S. Vozmishcheva4,5, K.A. Korznikov5, P.V. Krestov5, Kagawa6, T. Sakai6, J.-S. Song7, N.S. Suzuki8, P. Janda9, V. Bazant9, I. Ulbrichova9, M. Svoboda9, M. Macek1,M. Kopecky1, T. Hara10, J. Altman1
1Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic 2 Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Czech Republic 3Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Russia 4Siberian Federal University, Russia 5Botanical Garden-Institute of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia 6 Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Japan 7College of Natural Sciences, Andong National University, Republic of Korea 8The University of Tokyo Hokkaido Forest, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan 9Faculty of Forestry and Wood Processing, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Czech Republic 10Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Japan [email protected]
In the context of ongoing climate changes, calculated based on Pearson’s correlation the variability of tree growth responses to coefficients. Redundancy analyses were climate has been frequently discussed. used to investigate how the growth-climate However, the environmental factors driving relationships are affected by latitude, spatially varying growth-climate relation- longitude, elevation, and climate variables ships are still poorly understood. To improve obtained from TerraClimate and WorldClim the current understanding, a large tree-ring dataset. Besides others, the common drivers network consisting of 124 sites was utilized of allgrowth-climate relationships were to investigate the effects of various longitude and precipitation seasonality, geographical and climatic variables on having opposite effects over the dormant growth-climate relationships across north- period. Our findings are essential for east Asia. The relationships between tree projecting future impacts of climate changes growth and monthly Palmer Drought on tree growth and developing forest Severity Index, precipitation, minimum, management strategies in northeast Asia. mean, and maximum temperature were
17 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / oral presentations
Influences of summer warming and nutrient availability on Salix glauca L. growth in Greenland along an ice to sea gradient
A.L. Prendin1,2,3, S. Normand1,2,4, M. Carrer3, N. Bjerregaard Pedersen5, B. Elberling6, U. Treier1,2,4, J. Hollesen7
1Aarhus University, Department of Biology, Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Ny Munkegade 114-116, building 1540, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark 2Center for Biodiversity Dynamics (BIOCHANGE), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114-116, building 1540, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark 3University of Padova, TeSAF department, Agripolis, Viale dell'Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy 4Arctic Research Center (ARC), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 1, bldgs. 1130-1134-1135, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark 5The Royal Danish Academy, Institute of Conservation, Esplanaden 34, 1263 Copenhagen K, Denmark. 6Center for Permafrost (CENPERM), Department of Geoscience and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark 7Department of Conservation and Natural Sciences, The National Museum of Denmark, Modewegsvej, Brede, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark [email protected]
Climate warming is not the only abiotic between soils with or without past factor currently affecting the Arctic anthropogenic nutrient enrichment (PANE). ecosystems. The Arctic vegetation growth The inner fjord sites showed a stronger responses to environmental gradients and temperature signal compared to the nutrient availability are still poorly outermost ones. Individuals growing on the understood. Archaeological sites in the (PANE) soils presented wider ring widths Arctic represent unique nutrient hotspots to than the individuals growing on the study the long-term effect of nutrient surrounding soils and stronger climate enrichment. We analysed time-series of ring relation especially in the inner fjord sites. width ofSalix glauca L.. collected at nine Thereby, the individuals growing on the archaeological sites and in their natural archaeological sites seem to have benefited surroundings along an east-west environ- more from the climate warming in recent mental gradient in the Nuuk fjord region, decades. Our results suggest that higher Southwest Greenland. nutrient availability due to human activities that took place centuries ago could still play We assessed the temperature-growth a role and therefore should be considered relationship for the last four decades along when assessing growth-drivers of Arctic the ice to sea gradient distinguishing vegetation.
18 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / oral presentations
Fading temperature sensitivity of long tree-ring density chronologies from Corsica (France)
P. Römer1, C. Hartl1, L. Schneider2, A. Bräuning3, S. Szymzcak3, F. Huneau4,5,S. Lebre6 , F. Reinig1, U. Büntgen7,8,9,10, J. Esper1
1Department of Geography, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany 2Department of Geography, Justus-Liebig University Gießen, Germany 3Department of Geography, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany 4Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Corsica Pasquale Paoli, France 5National Centre for Scientific Research Corte, France 6National Forest Office Corte, France 7Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom 8Swiss Federal Research Institute Birmensdorf, Switzerland 9Global Change Research Centre Brno, Czech Republic 10Department of Geography, Masaryk University of Brno, Czech Republic
Maximum latewood density (MXD) from cantly (p ≤ 0.01) with regional April-July and high-elevation conifers can represent a September-October mean temperatures from valuable proxy for summer temperatures at 1901–1980 CE (r = 0.52). The observed annual-resolution. Long-lived black pines temperature sensitivity, however, declines (Pinus nigra) from the upper treeline in towards present (r1980–2016= -0.14). Scaling Corsica are one of the rare opportunities to the MXD chronology against post-1900 CE reconstruct southern European climate instrumental temperatures highlights a variability to medieval times. Here, we present divergence of 1.76°C between colder recon- MXD measurements from 20 living and relict structed and warmer measured temperatures in black pines, which extend existing chrono- the early-21st century. In suggesting a shift logies by 386 years towards the past and pre- from thermal to hydroclimate constraints, our sent. Covering the period 1168–2016 CE, our findings questioned the suitability of MXD new MXD chronology contains high- to low- chronologies from high-elevation Corsican frequency variability and correlates signifi- pines for climate reconstructions.
19 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / oral presentations
Trends in climatically-driven extreme growth reductions of Picea abies andPinus sylvestris in Central Europe
V. Treml1, J. Mašek1, J. Tumajer1,2, M. Rydval3, V. Čada3, M. Svoboda3, O. Ledvinka4
1Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic 2Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University of Greifswald, Germany 3Department of Forest Ecology, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic 4Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, Prague, Czech Republic [email protected]
Extreme tree growth reductions represent reductions were observed at low-elevation events of abrupt decline of forest PCAB confirming high drought sensitivity productivity and carbon sequestration. The of spruce. Long-term trends were long-term trends in extreme growth characterized by relative stability (PCAB reductions are, however, almost unknown. low), stability with abrupt increase in 1970- We analysed trends in extreme growth 80s (PCAB high) and slightly increasing reductions in Central-European conifer (PISY low) or decreasing trend (PISY high). species Pinus sylvestris (PISY) andPicea Climatic drivers of extreme growth abies (PCAB) between 1901 and 2018. reductions however changed over time Twenty-eight sites throughout the Czechia involving decline of low-temperature and Slovakia with 1120 ring width series induced EGRs in 1990s (PISY, PCAB low) representing high and low-elevation forests or in 2010s (PCAB high) and increase in were inspected for extreme growth EGRs caused by growing-season drought reductions and their link to climatic drivers. (all sites but PISY high). We demonstrated Our results show that while PCAB exhibits the higher growth volatility at lower than at distinct climatic patterns of extreme growth upper distributional range margin of PISY reductions for high (both temperature and and PCAB in Central Europe as well as the drought-sensitive) and low elevations increase of EGRs triggered by growing (drought-sensitive), extreme growth season drought not only at low elevation reductions in PISY are a consequence of sites but also in upper margin of PCAB drought stress both in high and low- distribution. elevation forests. Greatest extreme growth
20 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / oral presentations
Effect of climate change on the phenology of conifers in Central Siberia
I. Tychkov1, V. Ilyin1, A. Kirdyanov2, V. Shishov1 1Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodny pr., 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia 2V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS, Federal Research Centre, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia [email protected]
Current trends of increasing temperature entirety of growth, the season does not limit have a strong effect on the growth of conifer by one climatic factor. For sites with strong trees, especially in areas where the temperature limitations in the middle of the temperature is a limiting factor. To study growing season were observed days with these changes and to predict their future soil moisture limitation and vice-versa. For effect, we applied the Vaganov-Shashkin sites with high-temperature limitation model on a latitudinal transect along the (northern sites of the transect), an increase in Lena River (72–60°N) containing various the duration of the growing season led to an terrestrial ecosystems (41 sites) for the increase in the width of the annual ring, period 1960–2014. According to the compared to colder years. But for sites with simulations we are confirmed trends to early soil moisture limitation, the duration of the growth season (0.18–0.19 days/decade) and season did not have a similar effect and the as a result, an increasing the duration of width was affected more by precipitation growing season. The start and end of each and transpiration. The study was supported growth season were limited by temperature by the Russian Ministry of Science and for all sites, but during the middle part of the Higher Education (projects #FSRZ-2020- growing seasons, the limiting factors varied 0010 and #FSRZ-2020-0014). between sites. According to simulation
21 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / oral presentations
Multi-decadal patterns of terrestrial and aquatic productivity in a sub-alpine lake in the Siskiyou Mountains (California, US)
E. Ziaco1,2, J. Simmons1, S. Chandra1, I. Heinrich2, F. Scordo1, F. Tromboni1,3
1Global Water Center, Department of Biology, University of Nevada, 89557, Reno, USA 2GFZ - German Research Centre for Geosciences, 14473, Potsdam, Germany 3IGB - Leibniz institute of freshwater ecology and inland fisheries, 12587, Berlin, Germany [email protected]
Understanding the linkages between period 1970-2000 terrestrial and aquatic terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, NPPs were clearly decoupled, whereas including their past and current responses to moderate coupling was observed in the climatic and environmental changes, is period 1961-1970 and after the year 2000. crucial to define effective future ecosystem Drought stress (vapour pressure deficit) in a management strategies. This task is hindered 57-days period between July 8th and by the lack of long-term datasets of September 2nd, would determine a drop in biological and physical parameters for forest productivity in the following year, aquatic ecosystems. The Castle Lake while aquatic productivity showed a positive Environmental Research and Education correlation with current spring temperature Program is a unique example of long-term and a negative effect of January monitoring programs providing continuous precipitation, with a thicker snowpack annual series of aquatic productivity since delaying the date of ice melt. Our work is 1959. We compared ~50 years (1961-2010) opening new opportunities to broaden the of forest net primary production (NPP) understanding of combined responses of derived from ring-width chronologies of terrestrial and freshwater systems to regional white firAbies ( concolor), lodgepole pine and continental climatic patterns (i.e. (Pinus contorta), and ponderosa pine (Pinus ENSO; PDO), providing the basis to assess ponderosa) from the Castle Lake basin with the vulnerability of these systems to future aquatic productivity to investigate patterns climatic changes and plan effective of variability in terrestrial vs. aquatic NPP mitigation strategies. and their environmental drivers. During the
22 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / poster presentations
Endless growth: warmer climate induces double tree-ring growth of Siberian pine on Khamar –Daban
I. S. Achikolova1,2,A.A.Ageev1,2, S. A. Astapenko1,3
1Center of forest pyrology, Branch of“ All-Russian Research Institute of Silviculture and Mechanization of Forestry”, Krasnoyarsk, Russia 2Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology, Krasnoyarsk, Russia 3Forest protection center of Krasnoyarsk Territory, Krasnoyarsk, Russia [email protected]
The Khamar-Daban mountain range For climatic analysis, we used data from the stretches 350 km along the southwest of Babushkin weather station and the nature Lake Baikal. Its northern macroslope is chronicle of the Baikal Nature Reserve. We covered with dark coniferous mixed forests, did dendrochronological research of dying with a local Siberian pine dominance (Pinus trees in the coastal zone of Lake Baikal and sibirica). Massive dieback of Siberian pine healthy trees in the Baikal Nature Reserve has been observed for the last several years territory. Cores were taken from 30 trees. in the region. Increasing temperatures and Changes in ring width correlated with late reducing precipitation negatively affect tree summer and autumn temperatures and resistance. As a result, the forests get summer precipitation. Investigating wood exposed to pathogens to a large extent. samples, we found anomalies of tree ring However, there have been no cases of structure in the form of "double growth" and Siberian pine dieback at the lakeshore part "false ring". Such anomalies are typical both of the range until now. for trees on experimental routes and for the reserve (control). We suppose these A field study of pine stands was conducted anomalies are indicators of increasing in the summer of 2020. The visual growing season length due to the warmer assessment showed crown drying, intensive first half of autumn and warmer resin flow, and insect damage. A detailed temperatures in the autumn-winter period in examination revealed the root system general, and more frequent winter thaws. destruction and the presence of "wet wood."
23 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / poster presentations
Phenological shifts in southern Siberian pone growth compensates warming-induced drought stress
A. Arzac1, I. Tychkov1, A. Rubtsov1, M.A. Tabakova1, R. Brezhnev1, N. Koshurnikova1, A. Knorre1,2, U. Büntgen3,4,5,6
1Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodny pr., 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia 2National Park «Krasnoyarsk Stolby», Krasnoyarsk, Russia 3Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EN, UK 4Swiss Federal Research Institute (WSL), 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland 5Global Change Research Centre (CzechGlobe), 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic 6Department of Geography, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic [email protected]
Temperature is considered the driver factor by MODIS estimation between 2001 and of tree growth in boreal regions. However, 2014. Results suggested an advance of the the importance of soil moisture increases starting of growing season along the whole with decreasing latitude. Here, we com- gradient, at a rate of 5.6 days/decade in the bined dendrochronological measure-ments southern site in recent time. Our study with evidence from tree growth modelling reveals that earlier growing season onset (VS-model) and remote sensing (MODIS) to triggered by warming springs might quantify changes in the climate sensitivity of compensate much of the expected growth Pinus sylvestris L. growth and phenology reduction by drought stress later in the along a latitudinal gradient (56–53°N) of season. These results suggest thatP. increasing drought in southern Siberia sylvestris is adjusting its growth and (Russia) between 1960 and 2017. We find phenology as a response to changing climate tree growth predominantly depends on soil conditions by shifting the timing of the moisture availability, although the timing starting of the growing season to a favorable and intensity of the climate sensitivity were climate window. However, we speculate that earlier and stronger at the southern site. predicted climate change will likely exceed Moreover, the climatic control intensity the species’ physiological tolerance in much decreased in recent decades, suggesting of Eurasia’s forest-steppe by the end of the more favorable growth conditions. VS- century. The study was supported by RNF model phenology simulations were verified 18-74-10048 and FSRZ-2020-0014.
24 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / poster presentations
Changes in climate – radial growth relationships after the reservoir construction – a case study of Norway spruce and Siemianówka Lake (E Poland)
Sz. Bijak1, P. Ignatiuk1 1Institute of Forest Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland szymon_bij[email protected]
The study examined the influence of E-OBS v17.0 database. In general radial Siemianówka reservoir (E Poland) cons- growth of analysed Norway spruces was truction that finalised in 1990 on the growth influenced by precipitation in May and June of Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) with the of the year of tree-ring formation, as well as special interest in its dependence on the by temperature in winter and spring. The climate – radial increment relationships. We Siemianówka reservoir construction sampled 3 sites within the reservoir vicinity, changed sensitivity of the investigated trees and 1 site located downstream the Narew to precipitation and temperature. The river, which was assumed to be already relevance of the influence of precipitation on beyond the possible range of the reservoir their radial growth increased, whereas the impact. At each site we selected 30-40 impact of temperature decreased. We dominant trees and took single increment indicated 3 negative pointer years (all after core from the breast height. Obtained the reservoir construction) that were samples were measured and residual common for all the analysed sites. They chronologies were developed. Later on we were caused by the low precipitation, which correlated increment indices with preci- confirmed high vulnerability of Norway pitation and temperature data acquired from spruce to moisture shortage.
25 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / poster presentations
Effect of competition reduction on the radial growth of different species in the south of Alps
E. D’Andrea1, M. Bernabei2, P. Bombi3, F. Sicuriello3, N. Rezaie3, T. Cervera Zaragoza4, T. Baiges Zapater4, G. Matteucci2 1Institute for Agriculture and Forestry Systems in the Mediterranean, National Research Council of Italy (CNR–ISAFOM), Italy 2Institute of BioEconomy, National Research Council of Italy (CNR–IBE), Italy 3Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council of Italy (CNR–IRET), Italy 4 Centre de la Propietat Forestal, Spain [email protected]
Forests play a significant role in climate In this context, among the activities of the change mitigation through the capture of project LIFE CLIMARK, we conducted a
CO2 from the atmosphere and the fixation of study with the aim to evaluate the effect of C in biomass. The strong connection silvicultural treatments on tree growth. The between forest structure, microclimatic specific objective was to evaluate the effect parameters, and tree ecophysiological of the competition reduction on the growth behaviour, is well known. In mature stands, of different species, growing at similar characterized by closed canopies, climatic conditions. Hence, in a pure beech silvicultural interventions modify the forest and in a mixed (spruce, fir, and larch) structure, consequently also the micro- forests, subjected to different treatments climatic conditions, and competition (e.g. options, we collected wood cores inside light and nutrient). After the silvicultural permanent plots, where all tree positions treatments, a stem radial growth stimulation were measured. The objective of the study can be observed, which could be related to was to evaluate the response, in term of an increase of light, soil water, and nitrogen growth, to different silvicultural treatments availability. of different species.
26 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / poster presentations
Tree-line dynamics ofAbies spectabilis in the summer monsoon dominant region of western Himalaya
B. David1,2, P. S. Ranhotra2, A. Bräuning1, M. Shekhar2, A. Singh2, N. Tomar2, C. P. Singh3 1 Institute of Geography, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany 2 Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, 53, University Road, Lucknow (UP), India 3 Space Applications Centre, ISRO, Ambawadi Vistar P.O., Ahmedabad, India [email protected]
The Himalayan region is characterized by masl between 1550 and 1750 C.E. time multifaceted tree-line structures growing frame, which corresponds to the globally under different climatic regimes. Assess- known Little Ice Age (LIA) phase. In the ment of future response and sustainability of ISM dominant Himalayan region the less tree-line forming taxa towards unprece- intense LIA phase as compared to higher dented global warming requires the under- latitudes of north Atlantic regions might standing of their dynamics in past, beyond have provided climatic conditions favorable the observed records. Using tree-rings we for tree-line advancement. Subsequent post investigated the age stand structure and tree- LIA densification of conifer forests at those line dynamics ofAbies spectabilis(silver fir) altitudes was followed by a slow advance- presently forming the upper conifer limit in ment rate or even stagnant tree-lines the summer monsoon (ISM) dominant reported in few valleys during 20th Century valleys, Tungnath and Triyuginarayan in C.E. The moisture stress conditions in dry Uttarakhand, and Chanshal in Himachal months at higher altitudes due to conspi- Pradesh. The recorded fir trees of ~462 years cuous temperature rise could be the age at ~3280 masl elevation in Tungnath; environmental factor governing the tree-line ~292 years age at ~3318 masl in dynamics. Moreover, the topography, unfav- Triyuginarayan and ~370 years age at ~3460 orable soil conditions and anthropogenic masl in Chanshal confer that in the ISM activities are also altering the climate ridden dominant valleys of Himalaya this species tree-line dynamics. occupied the elevations of 3300 and 3400
27 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / poster presentations
Current state and resilience of three main tree species in Southern Germany with regard to drier and hotter weather conditions over the past 50 years
A. Debel1, A. Bräuning1 1Institute of Geography, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany
Bavaria in southeastern Germany represents from a prolonged growing season at high a diverse topographical region and differs altitudes, each species at every study site significantly in the growing conditions for evinced a high vulnerability to drought forest ecosystems due to varying altitudes events. Especially, Scots pine (Pinus and climatic conditions. To investigate the sylvestris) at low elevation sites showed current condition of tree species in this strong negative responses to the latest region, one deciduous and one coniferous drought years, but also trees in humid areas tree species were studied in each of three revealed a noticeable increase in drought middle mountain ranges and three stress. As tree responses strongly differed corresponding basins. Climate-growth among species and locations, a combination relationships over the past 50 years between of dendroclimatological results and climate climate proxies and tree ring widths were modelling efforts is essential to assess the examined using response analysis. By spatial heterogeneity of climate change comparing two 25-year sub-periods, the effects within a topographically diverse temporal stability of tree responses in region like Bavaria. By analysing growth climate growth correlations was assessed. responses to specific weather types, and by Additionally, tree responses to climatic modelling their changes in frequency under extreme events were analysed using pointer climate change conditions, an improved year analysis. First results indicate that forecast about future growth conditions is although European beech (Fagus sylvatica) envisaged. and Norway spruce (Picea abies) benefited
28 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / poster presentations
Changes in tree growth synchrony in SiberianPinus sylvestris forests are modulated by fire dynamics and ecohydrological conditions
E. González de Andrés1, T. A. Shestakova2, R. C. Scholten3, C. J. F. Delcourt3,N. V. Gorina4, J. J. Camarero1 1Pyrenean Institute of Ecology (IPE-CSIC), Zaragoza, Spain 2Woodwell Climate Research Center, Falmouth, US 3Department of Earth and Climate, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands 4Department of Botany, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia [email protected]
Boreal forests account for one-third of the Tree-ring suppressions pointed to 1952, total forested lands on Earth, thus they play 1967, 1977, 1983, 2003 and 2012 as an important role in carbon cycling and potential fire years. Spatial synchrony of climate regulation at global scale. Wildfires peatland sites was higher than that of constitute one of the major disturbances of mineral soil sites. Both MB and MU sites the boreal ecosystems. Fire regime has showed a positive temporal trend of growth intensified during the last decades in some synchrony driven by an increasing growth boreal regions such as south-western responsiveness to precipitation. However, Siberia, which also holds the largest trend of MB synchrony turned negative after peatland area in the world. Following a mid-1980s, which could be related to a loss dendroecological approach, our study aimed of climate sensitivity of the trees and at exploring spatial synchrony of tree growth increased fire frequency in the region. in forest stands located in that region Legacy effects on growth lasted from one to inhabiting sites subjected to different fire four years after fire and were positively regimes and substrates: mineral soils with related to tree age and negatively to tree fire disturbances (MB), mineral soils diameter. The retrospective analysis of tree without fire evidence (MU) and peat soils growth may contribute to a better (P). In addition, fire impact on tree growth at understanding of changing fire dynamics MB sites was reconstructed since late 19th and its impact on contemporary terrestrial century, as well as, post-fire growth legacies. carbon cycling.
29 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / poster presentations
Tree-ring-based hydroclimatic reconstruction for the northwest Argentine Patagonia since AD 1055 and its teleconnection to large-scale atmospheric circulation
M. A. Hadad1, Á. González-Reyes2, F. A. Roig2,3, V. Matskovsky4, P. Cherubini5,6
1Laboratorio de Dendrocronología de Zonas Áridas, CIGEOBIO (CONICET-UNSJ). Gabinete de Geología Ambiental (FCEFyN-UNSJ). Av. Ignacio de la Roza 590 (oeste), J5402DCS, Rivadavia, San Juan, Argentina 2Hémera Centro de Observación de la Tierra, Escuela de Ingeniería Forestal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago 8580745, Chile 3Laboratorio de Dendrocronología e Historia Ambiental, IANIGLA- CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina 4Institute of Geography RAS, Moscow, Russia 5Forest Dynamics Research Unit, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland 6Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC, Canada [email protected]
Moisture availability has a significant spatial and temporal relationships associated influence on the dynamics, stability and with the SouthAnnular Mode and the Pacific function of terrestrial ecosystems. In this Sea Surface Temperature variability as study, we use wood samples from 260 expressed by the Tripole Index indicate that Austrocedrus chilensis trees growing in the temporal variability observed in the northwestern Patagonia to reconstruct the SPEI reconstruction is modulated by Standardized Precipitation Evapotrans- hemispheric-scale atmospheric circulation piration Index (SPEI) for the last millennium dynamics. These climate forcings are likely (1055 - 2014). Our reconstruction explains responsible for the intensity and the rate of 41.6% of the variance contained in the occurrence of extreme weather events in November-December SPEI at a 1-month northwestern Patagonia. Furthermore, the scale for the period 1930-2013. The SPEI SPEI reconstruction shows a spatial and reconstruction provides a long-term record temporal pattern similar to that observed in of pluvial and drought events for the periods previous PDSI-based reconstructions. This 1055-1300, 1550-1700, and 1900-2014. study provides robust evidence of Although the SPEI reconstruction indicates hydroclimatic variations for extratropical that the frequency of extreme events has sectors of South America, improving our increased since 1950, our record indicates knowledge of the climate dynamics during that current levels have not exceeded the last millennium and allowing us to previous levels, particularly those recorded review the recently observed increase in wet around the Medieval Warm Period and and dry events in a long-term historical toward the end of the Little Ice Age. The context.
30 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / poster presentations
What is the delay in growth reaction and climate response after the disturbance of a light-demanding species- the European larch (Larix decidua Mill.)?
K. Izworska1, E. Muter2, P. Fleischer3, T. Zielonka1
1Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University, ul. Podchorążych 2, 31-084 Kraków, Poland 2Department of Forest Biodiversity, University of Agriculture in Kraków, al. 29 Listopada 46, 31-425 Kraków, Poland 3Technical University in Zvolen, Faculty of Forestry, T. G. Masaryka 24, SK – 960 53 Zvolen, Slovak Republic [email protected]
The aim of this study was to analyze the aged group of trees. The climatic analyses radial growth response of the European larch were conducted using a residual chronology. (Larix deciduaMill.) on windthrow after 15 The most noteworthy change in the reaction years. We raise the following questions: how for temperature is visible during the last ca. quickly can a light demanding tree species 15 years, when the positive influence of benefit from an open stand in a post- temperatures of May and June disappears, disturbance plot? Does the occurrence of the and the significant negative influence of July catastrophic disturbance change the growth temperatures occur. Light demanding tree of surviving trees' response and their species may react to canopy opening with a sensitivity to the climate? This study is substantial delay, which can be a result of based on cores from 83 larches collected environmental stress. The growth reaction of from a post-disturbance area in the larches for climate after windthrow can be Slovakian High Tatras. The time lag compared to a shift towards a lower between the disturbance event and release elevation in a mountain environment, where was related to DBH, age and tree’s previous mid-summer high temperatures and a growth. The time lag between the year of shortage of water are limiting factors of event and of growth reaction was 4.6 years growth. on average and 4 years by median in a multi
31 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / poster presentations
The buffering effect of Lake Baikal alleviates climate impact on Pinus sylvestrisL. radial growth
K. I. Khotcinskaia1, D. Diaz de Quijano1, A. V. Kirdyanov1,2, A. Arzac1 1Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodny pr., 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia 2V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS, Federal Research Center ‘Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS‘, Akademgorodok 50/28, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia [email protected]
Large lakes play a significant role in effect of relative humidity on tree growth regulating local and regional climate along the assessed period of time were conditions. Since climate influences tree- observed especially at sites away from the ring formation, it is expected that Lake lake. The results suggest that Lake Baikal’s Baikal’s thermal mass will potentially water mass mitigates the climate control on impact tree growth in the surrounding areas. tree growth by acting as a thermal and hydric In this study, we aimed to determine the buffer in the downwind coastal sites. influence of Lake Baikal, the world’s largest Particularly, Lake Baikal stabilizes the by volume freshwater reservoir, onPinus relative humidity throughout the year, sylvestris L. secondary growth by modifying protecting coastal trees from low water climate conditions and alleviating climate availability. Our results also confirm the limiting factors of tree growth in its high plasticity ofP. sylvestris to thrive in surrounding area. We evaluated the different environmental conditions. That variability in the climate response of pine will probably allow for a better adaptation of tree-ring, earlywood and latewood widths to that species to the projected warmer regional temperature, precipitation and relative climate as compared to non-drought-tolerant humidity in four sites (two inland and two species inhabiting the same region. coastal sites) in the Baikal region for the Supported by RNF 18-14-00072, FSRZ- 1960–2016 period. An increasing negative 2020-0014 and RFFI 20-44-240002. effect of summer temperature and a positive
32 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / poster presentations
Variability in climate-growth reaction ofRobinia pseudo- acacia in Eastern Europe
M. Klisz1, R. Puchałka2,3, M. Netsvetov4, Y. Prokopuk4, M. Vítková5, J. Sádlo5, R. Matisons6, M. Mionskowski7, D. Chakraborty8, P. Olszewski2, T. Wojda1, M. Koprowski2,3 1Department of Silviculture and Genetics, Forest Research Institute, Poland 2Department of Ecology and Biogeography, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland 3Centre for Climate Change Research, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland 4Department of Phytoecology, Institute for Evolutionary Ecology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine 5Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Botany, Department of Invasion Ecology, Czech Republic 6Latvian State Forest Research Institute ‘Silava’, Latvia 7Department of Forest Ecology, Forest Research Institute, Poland 8Austrian Research Centre for Forests BFW, Austria [email protected]
As a consequence of native tree species highly variable, both temporally and decline and distribution range contraction in spatially. The winter and spring Europe, acclimation of the non-native tree temperatures appear to be the main climatic species at the edge of their distribution is drivers of the growth pattern. In turn, gaining importance. The spatiotemporal previous winter and current summer pattern of secondary growth and climate precipitation appear to be the main sensitivity among six black locust stands discriminatory climate factors. Divergent along continentality gradient in Eastern growth reaction of black locust stands Europe were investigated to demonstrate implies high plasticity of secondary growth site-specific growth reactions of black locust and thus high probability of acclimatization populations that may indicate species to future climate. This should be considered plasticity in adapting to future conditions. when formulating non-native species We have demonstrated that despite management strategies in line with comparable bioclimatic conditions, climate sustainable forestry. sensitivity of black locust populations is
33 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / poster presentations
Growth trends of silver fir, European beech and Norway spruce in the Carpathian Mountains
P. Marčiš1, M.Bošeľa1
1Department of Forest Resources Planning and Informatics, Technical university in Zvolen, Slovakia [email protected]
As important primary biomass producers, their possible development in the future. For woody plants form an essential part of the this study, we used over 1800 cores sampled strategy for current climate change in the Low Tatras, Polana, northern and mitigation. Quantification of growth trends southern Romania. To find out the can infer on different potential of tree differences in the current productivity levels species to adapt to climate change and thus between different parts of the Carpathians, contribute to the mitigation strategy. In this we developed height-diameter (H/D) curves. study we present growth trends of the three We subsequently quantified trends in basal main tree species forming the Carpathian area increments (BAI) over the period of forests:Fagus sylvatica L., Picea abies L., 1950 - 2019 along an altitudal gradient, of Abies alba Mill.. Using state-of-the-art trees in different vertical (social) position. dendrochronological methods, we examine Moreover, BAI trends were compared the growth trends in the past and predict between pure and mixed stands.
34 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / poster presentations
Tree age and size outperform topographic effects on growth trends and climate responses in Central European coniferous forests
J. Mašek1, J. Tumajer1,2, M. Rydval3, J. Lange1, V. Treml1 1Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 43 Prague, Czech Republic 2Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University of Greifswald, Soldmannstraβe 15, 17487 Greifswald, Germany 3Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha 6–Suchdol, Prague, 16521, Czech Republic [email protected]
Trees do not respond to climatic conditions individual climate-growth responses in both uniformly, but instead show individualistic forest types were mainly driven by tree size growth responses. The extent of and causes and age, while the effect of topographic behind this within-stand variability repre- conditions was marginal. Drought-limited sent significant uncertainty in predictions of Pinus sylvestris stands exhibited higher how forests will respond to future climate sensitivity to climate forcing for juveniles change. We analyzed patterns of compared to mature trees, while the individualistic tree growth within two types relationship was inverse at temperature- of conifer stands of Central Europe – high- limited Picea abies stands. In both forest elevation Picea abies and low-elevation types, climate sensitivity changed over time Pinus sylvestris forests. We quantified the with increasing tree age. Our results indicate relative effect of age, size, competition, that age- and size-specific growth responses topographic conditions, and between-tree to climate can cause the temporal instability distance on variability in growth patterns of climate-growth correlations and growth and climate-growth responses using princ- trends at stand level as a result of changing ipal component analysis and linear models. age and size structure over time. We suggest Our results show thatPicea abies stands that data sets used for large-scale assess- with dominant temperature limitation ments of growth trends and climate-growth exhibit greater growth coherency thanPinus responses should be carefully selected sylvestris stands characterized by drought- considering age and size homogeneity of limited growth. Growth variability and samples.
35 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / poster presentations
Provenances of Scots pine—what to expect regarding the plasticity of weather-growth responses?
R. Matisons1, E. Baders1, D. Jansone1, P. Zeltinš1, S. Dubra1, A. Jansons1 1Latvian State Forest Research Institute ‘Silava’, 111 Rigas str., Salaspils, LV-2169, Latvia [email protected]
Climatic changes are causing substantial conditions resulting genetic specialization, ecological, as well as economic conse- hence the changes in climate might trigger quence to forests across vast areas, thus disproportional responses. Accordingly, portraying the necessity for the adaptive nonlinear responses to tree-ring width to climate-smart management. In this regard, weather fluctuations have been observed assisted gene transfer and/or migration have across regional climatic gradient. Several been identified as highly effective means to provenance trials assessing performance of mitigate the effects of global changes. The diverse metapopulations of trees under goal of such management is to propagate variety of climates have been recently forest reproductive material, ecological revised as the source of information regar- requirement of which match the projected ding the local specialisation and its potential environmental changes in the future. For for adaptive management. Furthermore, the this, comprehensive information on growth coupling of the provenance trials with tree- responses to environmental fluctuation and, ring analysis across climatic gradient can particularly, weather across climatic identify the genetic specialization of meta- gradients is desirable, thus improving the populations in terms of plasticity of growth robustness of long-term extrapolations. responses highlighting differences in Populations and metapopulations of trees adaptability. have evolutionary adapted to certain
36 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / poster presentations
Differences in drought sensitivity of tree ring series between generative and coppicedQuercus petraea trees
H. Pavel1, Š. Martin1, R.Anna1, K. Lukáš1, M. Radim1, Š. Martin1 1Department of Forest Botany, Dendrology and Geobiocoenology, Mendel University in Brno, Czech Republic [email protected]
Coppicing was abandoned in North-Western chronology both for category of generative and Central Europe in last century. Return to and coppiced trees (in total six site standard this type of management is now discussed chronologies). Then, we calculated corre- due to conservation of biodiversity, biomass lations between indexed tree-ring widths production and adaptation to ongoing and monthly climatic variables (preci- climate change. But there is only little pitation, SPEI - Standardized Precipitation information about differences in climate and Evaporation Index) for the period 1930 sensitivity between generative and coppiced - 2018. Trees at all sites showed similar oak trees. Therefore, the aim of this study climate signal. Both categories showed was to detect the differences between strong precipitation and SPEI signal climate sensitivity in tree ring series (significant correlation in May – July), but between generative and coppicedQuercus this signal was slightly stronger for gene- petraea trees. We hypothesised that rative trees, since they were significantly generative trees will show stronger correlated in more monthly climate para- precipitation signal compared to coppiced meters. trees as generative are more sensitive to drought due to their lower ratio of roots to The research was performed thanks to aboveground biomass. We sampled trees at Internal Grant Agency MENDELU, project three different sites across Czech Republic. IGA LDF_TP_2019006. At each site, we created robust tree ring
37 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / poster presentations
Preliminary assesmentof Araucaria araucana resilience to extreme drought events
S. Piraino1, J. A. Arco-Molina2, M.A. Hadad3, F. A. Roig1,4,5 1Cátedra de Dasonomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Argentina 2Department of Functional Ecology, Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic 3Laboratorio de Dendrocronología de Zonas Áridas, CIGEOBIO (CONICET-UNSJ), Argentina 4Laboratorio de Dendrocronología e Historia Ambiental, IANIGLA-CCT CONICET- Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Argentina 5Hémera Centro de Observación de la Tierra, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Chile [email protected]
Extreme climatic events represent distur- located in mesic areas, while recovery did bance factors shaping forest dynamics, not show any difference among the selected inducing decline in growth and die-off environments. At the tree-level, we found an episodes, furthermore modifying tree inverse relation among resistance and resilience. Araucaria araucana (Molina) K. recovery indices in xeric stands, suggesting Koch, an iconic northern patagonian conifer, possible different strategies when facing is considered an endangered species extreme droughts. Resistance (recovery) in according to IUCN classification. We both environments was positively (nega- applied dendroecological and statistical tively) associated with tree growth, methods to reconstruct resilience, in terms represented by basal area increment values. of resistance and recovery, of 10 forest Tree age positively influenced growth stands to three successive extreme dry spells resistance but only in mesic environment. occurred during the 20th century, with These findings suggest that theA. Araucana particular attention to site conditions (xeric is less resilient to extreme droughts in xeric vs. mesic environments). Resistance and than in mesic environments. The expected recovery showed differences along the increase in frequency and intensity of considered dry spells, with a decrease in extreme drought for northern Patagonia resistance for the more recent drought, suggests that the emerged results should be whereas recovery values on the opposite considered in conservation plans of this showed an increasing trend. Xeric natural resource. woodlands were less resistant than forest
38 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / poster presentations
Age and altitude influence on Norway spruce response to climate
A. Popa1,4, I. Popa1,2, A. Horvath3, M. Balabașciuc1 1National Institute for Research and Development in Forestry Marin Drăcea, Câmpulung Moldovenesc, Romania 2Centre for Mountain Economy, Vatra Dornei, Romania 3Forest District Gheorgheni, Gheorgheni, Romania 4University„Ștefan cel Mare”,Forestry Faculty, Suceava, Romania [email protected]
In this study, it was analysed the variability Our results have shown a positive and of Norway spruce tree growth response to significant correlation between average climate in relation to age and altitude, in the temperature and tree-ring width index in Gheorgheni region (Eastern Carpathians). January and March of the current year and The general climate in the study area is September of the previous year for trees specific to mountain regions with frequent under 60 years and no significant correlation thermal inversions. A number of 1138 tree- for older trees. Precipitations values in ring samples were analysed, distributed in September of the previous year are positive three age categories: under 60, between 60 and significantly correlated with the tree- and 100, and over 100 years; the samples ring width index for trees under 60 and over were also divided into three altitudinal 100 years. For lower altitude (below 1400 categories: below 1200 m, between 1200 m m), precipitation in April current year and and 1400 m, and above 1400 m. Climatic June of the previous year are a limitation dates were provided by a local weather factor for Norway spruce growth. station situated in the Gheorgheni region.
39 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / poster presentations
Has the Norway spruce growth rate in diameter changed in recent decades? Case study on Norway spruce from Gheorgheni region (Eastern Carpathians)
I. Popa1,2,A. Popa1, A. Horvath3, M. Balabașciuc1 1National Institute for Research and Development in Forestry Marin Drăcea, Câmpulung Moldovenesc, Romania 2Centre for Mountain Economy, Vatra Dornei, Romania 3Forest District Gheorgheni, Gheorgheni, Romania [email protected]
Accelerated growth processes, in diameter spruce in the Gheorgheni depression at the and height, in recent decades have been age of 60 is 37 cm in the period 1981-2019, found in the main forest species at European being 22% higher compared to the period level. The present study brings scientific 1901-1941 (29 cm). The change in the radial arguments regarding the modification of the growth rate follows a variation similar to the diameter increment in Norway spruce from evolution of the thermal regime during the the Gheorgheni depression, by applying the vegetation season, characterized by a retrospective analysis based on the variation succession of periods with slight heating of the tree ring width. The research is based until the 1940s, cooling in the period 1940- on information on radial growth from 1147 1980, and significant warming in the last spruce trees in 49 research sites covering four decades. various ages and growing conditions. The results obtained showed statistically This study was conducted under the project significant differences between the breast CRESFORLIFE (SMIS 105506), subsidiary height diameter from 1901-1940 and that contract no. 5/2018, co-financed by the from 1941-1980, respectively 1981-2019, European Regional Development Fund for all reference ages considered (20, 40, 60 through 2014-2020 Competitiveness and 80 years). The breast height diameter of Operational Program.
40 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / poster presentations
Early summer temperature and precipitation (but not sea surface temperature) influenceJuniperus growth at Faroe Islands
A. L. Prendin1,2,3, M. Gaar4, S. Normand1,2,5, M. Carrer3 1Aarhus University, Department of Biology, Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Ny Munkegade 114-116, building 1540, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark 2Center for Biodiversity Dynamics (BIOCHANGE), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114-116, building 1540, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark 3University of Padova, TeSAF department, Agripolis, Viale dell'Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy 4Tjóðsavnið Kúrdalsvegur 15 FO-110 Tórshavn Faroe Islands 5Arctic Research Center (ARC), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 1, bldgs. 1130-1134-1135, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark [email protected]
Climate change is observed and predicted to We were able to build a chronology of profoundly affect the northern ecosystems. almost two centuries, currently representing The variations of the North Atlantic the longest ring width record across the Oscillation, the Arctic sea ice loss, the whole archipelago. Despite the high inter- increasing in temperature and summer individual variability, typical of this species, precipitation are influencing these the analysis shows a consistent and negative temperature-limited environments at faster role of early summer temperature (June) and rate than global average. Growth responses precipitation (July) for shrub growth. On a of northern shrubs, especially the ones contrary, ring width showed no significant growing in coastal region, could be used as correlation with SST. a yearly resolution proxy for Sea Surface Temperature (SST) due to the close link Further analysis on northern and southern between ocean and costal climate. North Atlantic Currents variation in a larger In this study, we investigate the climate area could potentially improve the sensitivity of the common juniper significance of our results. Juniper (Juniperus communis L.), one of the most demonstrated to be an excellent widespread conifer in the northern environmental proxy and, within a larger hemisphere. We analysed ring width time network, could be fruitfully considered for series of 92 individuals collected in Svinoy, climate reconstruction. Faroe Islands and assessed the associations with several atmospheric and oceanic climate parameters over the last century (1900-2019).
41 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / poster presentations
Contrasting climate sensitivity of ring width, maximum density, and xylem anatomical traits ofPinus cembra L. growing at treeline in South-Western Carpathian Mountains
M. I. Știrbu1, C. C. Roibu1, M. Carrer2,A. L.Prendin 3, A. Mursa1, L. Unterholzner2 1Forest Biometrics Laboratory – Faculty of Forestry – “Stefan cel Mare” University of Suceava, Universității street no. 13,7200229, Suceava, Romania 2Dip. TeSAF, Universitá degli Studi di Padova, I-35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy 3Department of Biology, Ecoinformatics and Biodiversit, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 116, 1535,216, Dk-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark [email protected]
In this study, we explored the dendroclimatic climate as the maximum density and was potential of Swiss stone pine in the mainly influenced by temperatures at the Romanian Carpathians through the start of the growing season and during conventional parameters of tree-ring width, summertime, whereas the lumen area maximum density, and anatomical-traits seemed mostly affected by precipitations. chronologies. For this, 28 mature living trees The higher time resolution given by the 10 were sampled in the Retezat Mountains, sectors allowed us to discover that different South-Western Romania close to the tracheid rows, according to their position in treeline, and nine were selected for the ring, can be influenced by distinct anatomical analysis that was performed on climatic windows, moreover, the same the same cores as maximum density and anatomical traits can be sensitive to different tree-ring width measurements. Moreover, to climatic parameters along the seasons. This improve the time resolution of the climate study showed that analysis of xylem growth relationships, each ring was split into anatomical traits at the intra-ring level and 10 intra-ring sectors and resulting chrono- the use of daily temperature records along logies were contrasted with daily climatic with customary dendrochronological para- data. Except for tree ring width, all meters can provide insightful information chronologies showed a strong positive or into the long- and short-term climate negative response to the climatic factors of influence on the xylem structure of Swiss the previous or current year. Cell wall stone pine. thickness featured similar correlations with
42 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / poster presentations
Drought resistance for conifer species decreased when droughts are early, prolonged and intense
Y. Song1, U. Sass-Klaassen1, F. Sterck1, L. Poorter1
1Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, the Netherlands [email protected]
It is becoming increasingly apparent that conifers are highly resilient (80%) drought, severe droughts have reduced forest which means that there are no legacy productivity and trigger tree mortality. impacts (e.g., embolism, reduced leaf or Conifer species contribute to nearly one- crown loss). Drought resistance decreased third of the global forest carbon stock. when droughts occurred earlier in the year Drought triggers tree mortality across the (for 65% of the specieD), or when water globe due to embolized cavitation, and it is deficit was strong (55% of species). Drought important to know how conifers are resilient severity had especially negative effects on to drought. This study evaluates drought drought resistance ofPicea and Larix effects on resilience for 20 conifer species in species. Surprisingly, hydraulic traits cannot a common garden experiment by explain the resilience of conifer species. Our quantifying their three growth resilience study provides a portfolio of species to indices, i.e., resistance, recovery and better manage towards resilient and climate- resilience. We found that drought leads to smart forests under changing climate reduced growth (82% of species), but conditions.
43 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / poster presentations
Different Nothofagus species from southernmost Fuego- Patagonia/Chile record AAO signals
P. Soto-Rogel1, J. C. Aravena2, C. Bringas2, W. J. H. Meier1, A. Gonzalez-Reyez3, J.Grießinger1 1Institute of Geography, Friedrich–Alexander-University of Erlangen–Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany 2Centro de Investigación Gaia Antártica, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile 3Hémera Centro de Observación de la Tierra, Escuela de Ingeniería Forestal, Facultad de Ciencias,Universidad Mayor, Camino La Pirámide 5750, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile [email protected]
For the region of southernmost South beech tree species (Nothofagus). The America (Fuego-Patagonia), information investigation regions are i) the surroundings about current changes in climate is still of Punta Arenas (N. pumilio;53°9'36"S, comparably scatchy. In addition, reliable 71°1'54"), ii) the Yendegaia National Park instrumental climatic records are scarce, (N. pumilio; 54°50'17''S, 68°45'17''W), and short and incomplete precluding a the Isla Navarino (N. pumilio andN. comprehensive description and quanti- betuluides;54°58 '50''S, 67°36'23''W). fication of climate variability in a longer Investigation of climate-proxy relationships temporal perspective. This holds especially reveal significant correlations with air true for the areas of southernmost Chile, temperature, relative humidity and large- namely Fuego-Patagonia. Trees as natural scale effective climate phenomena like the recorders of climate variability can help to Antarctic Oscillation. In contrast, the impact overcome these limitations. Tree-ring width of precipitation on tree-growth in Fuego series from Patagonia were successfully Patagonia is comparatively weak. All our used to reconstruct temperature and atmo- chronologies were investigated for common spheric circulation patterns. The present growth patterns, and correlated with global work seeks to study climate variability and and regional climatic variables. To test the influence of the Antarctic Oscillation supra-regional representativity, we comp- Index (AAO) on the radial tree growth of ared our findings with other regional TRW Nothofagus betuloides andNothofagus chronologies. Our results underline that the pumilio forests situated in southernmost local tree species N. betuloides andN. Chile. pumilio can serve as reliable proxies recording climate variability during the last For our investigation area in southern Chile, few centuries in southernmost Fuego- we successfully developed seven tree-ring Patagonia. width chronologies based on two southern
44 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / poster presentations
Spatiotemporal changes in climate response of declining Norway spruce
M. Vejpustková1, T. Čihák1 1Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady, Czech Republic [email protected]
The aim of the study was to investigate the Key role in growth dynamics was clearly spatiotemporal changes in growth – climate visible within the summer months with relationship of spruce stands in Northern significant response to seasonal J-J-A Moravia - the primary focus of recent spruce precipitation for all plots in Nízký and decline in the Czech Republic. We expected Hrubý Jeseník regardless of altitude and soil increasing sensitivity of trees to summer moisture conditions. The response to climate temperatures and precipitation. We was unstable over time at both site and hypothesized that (1) the pattern of climate regional level. A significant positive response depends on altitude and soil response to summer precipitation has been moisture conditions, and (2) changes in observed since 2001 for sites up to 700 m climate response can serve as 'early warning' a.s.l., for sites located in higher altitude it signal on the susceptibility of trees to bark was only after 2015. The spatiotemporal beetle attack. pattern of the increasing sensitivity to summer drought corresponds to the In 2018 increment cores were taken in Nízký spreading of bark beetle in both areas. In Jeseník highland and at the foothills of contrast, spruce in Beskydy was not limited Hrubý Jeseník and Beskydy Mountains. In by summer precipitation throughout the total 14 spruce stands located along an analysed period, nevertheless, since 2015, altitudinal gradient were sampled. Where bark beetle gradation have been observed possible, pair sampling sites (wet and even here. normal) were selected.
45 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / poster presentations
Drought is not death warrant: growth stability of Siberian larch in South Siberian forest-steppes
D. F. Zhirnova1, L. V. Belokopytova1, E. A. Babushkina1
1Khakass Technical Institute, Siberian Federal University, Abakan, Russia [email protected]
In moisture-limited regions where droughts tree-ring width (TRW) on precipitation and leave a significant “footprint”, monitoring of standardized precipitation-evapotrans- quantitative climatic parameters and of piration index (SPEI) during April–July of forest adaptation and acclimation to these the current year and June–September of the parameters is of utmost importance due to previous year and on maximum temperature the ambiguity of spatial patterns in reaction during current May–July and previous July– of tree growth to drought and the variety of September was revealed. We propose the use drought resistance strategies exhibited by of a linear regression model TRW(SPEI) as trees. This is a case study of Siberian larch an individualized indicator of climate (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) radial growth in aridity, biologically significant for larch in forest-steppe along the foothills of the the study area. Larch in the study area Bateni Ridge (Kuznetsk Alatau, South tolerates moisture deficit, rebounding after Siberia), its climatic response and stability the end of stress exposure. The spatio- under the influence of droughts. In this temporal patterns of the stability indices region, moisture deficit is increasing due to revealed that despite the decrease in growth warming of the vegetative season by 0.14– resistance and resilience indices with 0.19°C per decade; droughts were observed drought severity, these characteristics are in 1951, 1963-65, 1974-76, and 1999. At higher at more arid sites. five sampling sites, dependence of larch
46 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / video presentations
The wetter the better? A first comprehensive assessment of tree growth and climate sensitivity ofUlmus laevisalong a hydrological gradient
A. Burger1,2, P. L. Ibisch2, T. Scharnweber1 1Institute for Botany and Landscape Ecology, University Greifswald, Greifswald 17489, Germany 2Centre for Econics and Ecosystem Management, Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development, Eberswalde 16225, Germany [email protected]
Global change in general, and the recent We collected tree cores and obtained drought years in particular, have negatively measurements of nine tree/stand parameters affected forest vitality in Central Europe. In from 160 trees of different ages, along a this context, structurally and compo- hydrological gradient on both mineral and sitionally diverse forests are gaining organic soils. Using tree ring-widths, we aim importance as well as less common tree to identify climate signals and correlations species that might contribute to resistance focusing on different hydrological regimes. and resilience of forest ecosystems. First results point towards higher radial Therefore, we assessed the possibly growth rates on mineral than on organic misjudged and hardly studied tree species soils; higher soil moisture favors growth, European white elm (Ulmus laevisPall.) in especially in drought years. We also found northeastern Germany. Contrary to its significant growth increases for trees that reputation,Ulmus laevis is described in the benefit from severe ash dieback and literature as unaffected or minimally affected increasing light conditions. by Dutch elm disease, as a trigger for species diversity, and as a tree with notable growth This first comprehensive study contributes rates being a source of valuable timber. new insights into the autecology ofUlmus laevis and dismantles old prejudices.
47 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / video presentations
Tree- rings in Goupia glabra from a non-seasonal and hyper humid forest
D. A. David Flórez1, J. I. Del Valle2, C. A. Sierra3
1Bosques y Conservación Ambiental, Universidad Nacional de Colombia-Sede Medellín, Apartado Aéreo 568, Medellín, Colombia 2Universidad Nacional de Colombia-Sede Medellín, Apartado Aéreo 568, Medellín, Colombia 3Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany [email protected]
Tropical dendrochronology states periodic for 153 years (1867-2019). The serial droughts and flooding as the main triggers intercorrelation was 0.34 (p-value < 0.05), for tree rings. But in environments lacking expressed population signal (EPS), signal- such conditions rhythmic growth is to-noise ratio (SNR) and mean sensitivity of unexpected. However, recent research the chronology were 0.95, 20.26 and 0.32 shows several trees with well-defined tree respectively. The chronology yielded rings in Chocó Region, a hyper humid positive and significant correlation with neotropical forest. We hypothesize a precipitation (r = 0.48, p-value < 0.05), with negative relationship between tree-rings of Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) (r = 0.34, Goupia glabra and precipitation (during p-value < 0.05) and negatively with Oceanic rainiest months) in Chocó region, Colombia Niño Index (ONI) (r =-0.36, p-value < 0.05). (annual precipitation over 7219 mm). We Our results suggest water excess is not a observe annual tree-rings, verified by limitation for Goupia glabra.Thisisthefirst radiocarbon dating and by the successfully chronology successful cross dated in the crossdating of 28 trees. The chronology span neotropical rainiest forest.
48 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / video presentations
Dendroclimatic signals in the pine and spruce chronologies in the Solovetsky Archipelago
N. S. Semenyak1, E.A. Dolgova1 1Institute of Geography RAS, Russia [email protected]
The climatic signal in tree-ring chronologies from June to September of the current year is an important factor for integrating into (15 months). We used monthly CRU TS 4.03 regional chronology. We analyzed the data with a 0.5 ° × 0.5 ° grid from the closest climate signal in blue intensity (BI) of pine point to the sampling sites (64.75 ° N, 35.75 (Pinus sylvestris) and spruce (Picea abies) ° E). chronologies at the Solovetsky archipelago (64.5-65.1 N – 35.3-36.1 E). We found that in this region, pine and spruce react similarly to meteorological For this purpose, we used two pine and two parameters: the blue intensity of both pine spruce chronologies, spanning the periods of and spruce shows the strong correlation of 1901-2016. mean monthly temperature from June to August (r = 0.2 - 0.5). Thus, the blue Correlation coefficients between proxy data intensity is a suitable parameter for and climate variables are calculated using combining chronologies and creating a long the R dplR (Bunn, 2008) and treeclim (Zang tree-ring chronology by including historical and Biondi, 2012) packages for monthly wood. data. The climate signal in the parameters of tree rings was estimated using the response The study was funded by the Russian functions of the BI between mean monthly Scientific Foundation №17-77-20123. temperature and precipitation for the period
49 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / video presentations
Dendroclimatological study ofQuercus robur andFraxinus angustifolia in floodplain forest ecosystem
M. Šenfeldr1, P. Horák1, J. Kvasnica1, M. Šrámek1, H. Hornová2, P. Maděra1 1Department of Forest Botany, Dendrology and Geobiocoenology,Mendel University in Brno, Czech Republic 2Czech Hydrometeorological Institute Brno, Czech Republic [email protected]
TheQuercus robur(QURO) andFraxinus sensitivity of FRAN to precipitation and angustifolia (FRAN) represent key tree ground water level fluctuation compare to edificators in floodplain forest ecosystems of QURO. The FRAN showed stronger Central Europe. These ecosystems have precipitation and water level fluctuation been affected in the past by declining signals in its chronologies compare to groundwater levels due to rivers regulations QURO. In addition, the FRAN reduced and currently they are facing to changing growth more rapidly due to the artificial climate. We aimed to investigate sensitivity water level decline in the past than the of QURO and FRAN to precipitation and QURO. In the context of ongoing climate ground water level fluctuation in the largest change, FRAN will be more endanger to area of floodplain forests in the Czech drought and groundwater level fluctuations Republic. We constructed several robust tree compared to QURO. ring chronologies both for QURO and FRAN and then we analysed growth trends Acknowledgement: the study was supported as well as climate growth relationships. The through a grant from the Ministry of growth trends were studied by trend break- Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech points analysis (Rsoft, package strucchange) Republic: LTC19013 "The effect of changed and climate sensitivity was detected by environmental conditions on South computing correlations between tree ring Moravian floodplain forest ecosystems", indices and monthly precipitations and INTER-EXCELLENCE program (INTER- minimal ground water level position values COST subprogram). (Rsoft, package treeclim). We found higher
50 TRACE 2021: Trees in a Changing Climate / video presentations
Late frosts effects on Apennines beech forests: insights from tree rings
E. Tonelli1, A. Vitali1, F. Malandra1, M. Colangelo2,3, J. J. Camarero3, F. Ripullone2, M. Carrer4, C. Urbinati1
1Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences – Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy 2School of Agricultural, Forest, Food and Environmental Sciences – Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Potenza, Italy 3Pyrenean Institute of Ecology (IPE-CSIC), Zaragoza, Spain 4TeSAF Department, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy [email protected]
In recent years, climate extreme events are (Sentinel-2) to detect the incidence of late affecting forest productivity through impacts frost and the recovery time of beech in each on phenology and radial growth. European plot using Normalized Vegetation Index beech in particular manifested an increasing (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index sensitivity to late spring frost events, (EVI). Our results confirm that water deficit especially in Mediterranean mountain areas. during the previous/current growing season Upon reviewing literature and satellite and late spring frost are the main factors images we selected four sites with recent limiting beech growth. Trees affected by severe frost events in the Central and spring frost show low NDVI and EVI values Southern Apennines, Italy. In each site we until late June. The radial growth reduction cored a total of 60 dominant trees distributed in impacted trees ranges from 36% to 82%. in three altitudinal zones along a 300 m However, these trees show high levels of gradient. Our objectives were: (i) to assess recovery and resilience within two years the frequency and severity of late-frost after the events. Superposed epoch analysis events from tree-ring data; (ii) to quantify (SEA) detected as statistically significant frost effects on beech radial growth, and (iii) only the impact on the years of frost to compare the beech response at different occurrence. An increasing frequency of elevations. The climate-growth relationship these events could alter the resilience of beech trees and post-frost recovery were capacity of beech in mountain areas. also assessed. We used satellite images
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TRACE 2021: Old Wood in the Limelight / oral presentations
How old is that post-mill?
M. C. Bridge1,2 1UCL Institute of Archaeology, 31-34 Gordon Square, London WC1H 0PY, UK 2Oxford Dendrochronology Laboratory, Mill Farm, Mapledurham, S. Oxfordshire, RG4 7TX, UK [email protected]
The investigation of a number of post-mills much older content in their complex over the last 25 years has shown that many structures. At least 13 structures have been have main posts that represent trees of dated and many of these have revealed exceptional dimensions which are re-used previously unknown dates amongst their several times, and may even be transported timbers, with arguments over which is the to new sites. Many sites that appear oldest becoming slightly meaningless. superficially to be of C18th origin have
53 TRACE 2021: Old Wood in the Limelight / oral presentations
American oak imports to the British Isles in the 18th and early 19th centuries; the dendrochronological evidence
A. Crone1 1AOC Archaeology Group, Unit 7A, Edgefield Industrial Estate, Edgefield Road, Loanhead, Midlothian, Scotland [email protected]
Like all dendrochronologists those in the eastern seaboard but there had not been any British Isles retain datasets of tree-ring data co-ordinated and methodical approach to which stubbornly refuse to date. Many of identify North American oak in the British these datasets contain relatively long oak Isles dataset. ring-sequences which, on the basis of documentary evidence or architectural style, This paper presents the results of a Historic are likely to be from 18th or 19th century England-funded project, the aim of which contexts. The failure to date some of these was to establish a reliably dated dataset of datasets has been surprising given the ease American import assemblages in the British with which both native and imported timber Isles. can now be dated in the British Isles. In all 43 assemblages were analysed, of The diminishing supply of native-grown which 21 have now been successfully dated. timber in Britain was a major concern by the These include churches, cathedrals, stately late 16th century and one of the reasons for homes, warehouses, shipwrecks and the establishment of the New England furniture. The results imply that only small colonies along the eastern seaboard of amounts of white oak for domestic use were America was the hope that they could supply being transported across the Atlantic from th Britain with its timber requirements. A few the early 18 century, coming primarily buildings and shipwrecks had already been from the states of Pennsylvania, New York successfully dendroprovenanced to the and Massachusetts.
54 TRACE 2021: Old Wood in the Limelight / oral presentations
Non-invasive dendrochronology on half ship models from the Rijksmuseum (Amsterdam, The Netherlands) reveals their production dates and shipyards
M. Domínguez-Delmás1,2,3, T. Mol2, J. ter Brugge2, D. Kuh Jakobi4, P. van Duin2 1Department of History of Art, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands 2Department of Conservation and Science, Rijksmuseum, The Netherlands 3DendroResearch, The Netherlands 4Department of Conservation, Whaley Historic House Museum, USA [email protected]
Historically, ship models have been used as dendrochronological research carried out on representatives of their larger counterpart to the oak (Quercus sp.) backboards of 63 half convey aspects and events of naval and models from the Rijksmuseum with the aim maritime history. Half models however, are to understand the wood supply and timber thought to have had a more technical processing techniques in 18th century Dutch purpose, representing the design of half of shipyards. Surprisingly, several clusters the hull of ships to be built. They were have emerged for which the backboard constructed at shipyards using a wooden derives from the same tree. The known date backboard as support. Although for some and production shipyard of some of the half half models the ship is identified and dated, models in those clusters allows ascribing the historical documentation is fragmented and rest to the same shipyard, and to date their spread out through different archives. As a production time within a range of two to four result, almost two thirds of the half models years from each other. These results have in the Rijksmuseum collection (Amsterdam, helped conservators discover subtle The Netherlands) cannot be attributed to a common features in half models from the specific shipyard, are not associated with same cluster, and have pointed historians actual ships, and have therefore been towards specific archives and ranges of assigned broad production date ranges. Here years to search for associated we present the results of non-invasive documentation.
55 TRACE 2021: Old Wood in the Limelight / oral presentations
Automated 3D tree-ring detection and ring-width calculation from X-ray computed tomography
J. Martinez-Garcia1, I. Stelzner2, J. Stelzner2, D. Gwerder1, P. Schuetz1 1Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts, School of Engineering and Architecture, Horw, Switzerland 2Rö misch Germanisches Zentralmuseum Mainz, Germany [email protected]
Tree ring analysis is essential in the and performed in some cases manually. This understanding, modelling and assessment of contribution presents a new approach to the evolution of wood samples over time. It extract the whole 3D tree-ring structure provides quantitative data about the whole directly from X-ray computed tomography ring structure which can be used, for data and illustrates how average tree-ring example, to measure the impact of the widths can be estimated from it. The fluctuating environment on the tree growth, approach relays on a modified Canny edge to support global vegetation models and for detection algorithm, which detect fully the dendrochronological analysis of connected tree-ring edges throughout the archaeological wooden artefacts. There measured image stack. The obtained results currently exist several methods for tree-ring show that the approach performs well on six detection and tree-ring parameters tree species having conifer, ring-porous and estimation from imaging data. However, diffuse-porous ring boundary structure. In despite advances in computer vision and our study image denoising proofed to be a edge recognition algorithms, detection of critical step to achieve accurate results. tree-rings is mostly limited to 2D datasets
56 TRACE 2021: Old Wood in the Limelight / oral presentations
SESOD: The South East Scotland Oak Dendrochronology project
C. Mills1,2 1Dendrochronicle, Edinburgh, Scotland 2School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of St Andrews, Scotland [email protected]
Scotland has a diverse, international timber unexpected results pointing to potential for supply history, yet our native dendro- more such significant ‘hidden’ early chronological record has many gaps, making survivals, adding to the case being made in it more difficult to identify, date and our ‘Timberwatch Scotland’ campaign for provenance our own domestic historic better support for dendrochronology in timber. The HES-funded SESOD project Scotland. SE Scotland is a region with a aims to develop a long regional native oak different climatic regime than the wetter, tree-ring chronology for a key gap in SE warmer SW where most of Scotland’s oak Scotland, a challenging area given many reference data derives, and the SESOD early buildings were destroyed historically samples will become important to the future during wars with England. However, development of the oak isotope climate SESOD, now in its final year, has made good record, with the potential to help form a progress, working back from the long record basis for oak isotope dating developments developed from the Old Oaks at Dalkeith too, crucial in a country where young native Park near Edinburgh, it has dendro-dated timber was frequently used. Allow me to and provenanced some surprisingly early take you on a brief SESOD dendrochrono- surviving timber structures, some in very logical journey through some of most iconic well-known iconic buildings ‘hidden in old woods, buildings and archaeological plain sight’. It has revealed a complex sites in Edinburgh, the Lothians and the timber supply history here, with some Scottish Borders.
57 TRACE 2021: Old Wood in the Limelight / oral presentations
Of beech and ash - dendroarchaeology of the neolithic lake shore settlement Olzreuter Ried (SW-Germany)
O. Nelle1, S. Million1 1Tree-ring lab Hemmenhofen, Baden-Württemberg State Office for Cultural Heritage, Germany [email protected]
At the shore of a lake in Neolithic times in ring patterns show openings of the woodland upper Swabia, houses of at least two well before the construction of the settle- settlements were built around 2900 BCE and ment, maybe connected with a so far 2820 BCE, according to dendrochrono- unknown precursor village. Oak was rare in logical dating ofFagus andFraxinus a Fagus-dominated landscape at the timbers, 14C-AMS-measurements and beginning of the third millennium BCE in ceramic typology. Being conserved in a Upper Swabia, a hilly region in the wider nowadays peatland, the site “Olzreute- northern Alpine foreland. The archaeo- Enzisholz” was partly excavated and around logically targeted excavation of fire places 4000 waterlogged wood samples and more of houses made it possible to gain charcoals than 3000 charcoal fragments were as the remains of fuelwood use, to be taxonomically identified, and around 800 compared to the record of waterlogged suitable timbers were analysed dendro- construction timber. Thus the site of chronologically, to understand the Olzreuter Ried represents an example of chronology of the village and the resource both interdisciplinary research involving management of the Neolithic settlers. archaeological and natural science methods, Houses were built mainly from beech and and the integration of dendrochronology and ash timbers, which were cleaved and axed anthracology to better understand chrono- from sometimes more than 200-year-old logical patterns of woodland usage by trees. Wooden floors were constructed from relatively mobile Neolithic people. ash, beech, hazel and alder branches. Tree
58 TRACE 2021: Old Wood in the Limelight / oral presentations
Dendrochronological potential of the Azorean endemic gymnospermJuniperus brevifolia (Seub.) Antoine
D. C. Pavão1, J. Jevšenak2, R. Camarinho3, A. Rodrigues3, L. Borges Silva1, R. B. Elias4, L. Silva1 1CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Pólo dos Açores, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade dos Açores, Rua da Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal 2Slovenian Forestry Institute, Department of Forest Yield and Silviculture, Večna pot 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia 3IVAR – Instituto de Vulcanologia e Avaliação de Riscos, University of the Azores, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal 4cE3c/ABG – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group and University of the Azores, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Azores, Portugal [email protected]
Trees exposed to sub-tropical or tropical or partially indistinct ring boundaries and climates without a marked seasonality, may wedging rings were present, complicating show a low degree of interannual variation, the cross-dating process. After a thorough impeding a straightforward dendroclimato- analysis, a reliable ring-width chronology logical approach. Subtropical regions, and was built and detrended. Master chrono- areas in transitional climates such as the logies were built and correlated with Azores archipelago, are widely unexplored aggregated daily temperature and in terms of dendroclimatology, providing precipitation data using the dendroTools R opportunities to work with endemic trees, package. The climate-growth relationships includingJuniperus brevifolia (Seub.) indicated positive correlations with middle Antoine. To evaluate the dendrochrono- Summer precipitation in São Miguel, with logical potential ofJ. brevifolia, we analysed Autumn precipitation and late Spring wood anatomy and tree-ring patterns, cross- temperature in Terceira, and a negative dating capabilities, and correlation with correlation with August temperature in São climate parameters. We sampled 48 Miguel. Considering our results and the individual trees from two natural importance ofJ. brevifolia as a dominant populations (São Miguel and Terceira tree in the Azores natural forests, we islands) using an increment borer. In conclude that it shows an acceptable addition, a Trephor tool was used to obtain potential for dendrochronological research wood microcores for exploratory micro- and this study provides baseline information anatomical analysis. Although the transition to help fill the knowledge gap regarding the from latewood to earlywood was marked by climate–growth relationship of Azorean thick-walled fibers unclear ring transitions trees.
59 TRACE 2021: Old Wood in the Limelight / oral presentations
The first tree-ring based fire history of black pine forests in Turkey
E. A. Şahan1, N. Köse2,Ü. Akkemik2, H. T. Güner2, Ç. Tavşanoğlu3, A. Bahar3, V. Trouet4, H. N. Dalfes1 1Eurasia Institute of Earth Sciences, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey 2Faculty of Forestry, Forest Botany Department, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey 3Division of Ecology, Department of Biology, Hacettepe University, Beytepe 06800, Ankara, Turkey 4Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA [email protected]
Wildfires are natural events that have past fire years coincided with regionally dry prevailed in ecosystems for about 400 years in two study sites. Fire frequency million years. The formation of vegetation decreased sharply after the beginning of the structures is still carried out by wildfires 20th century in all study sites. Two major today. However, in the Mediterranean Basin, fire years (1853, 1879) were common to all the frequency of forest fires will increase sites, while two additional fire years (1822, with the effect of changing climate, and the 1894) were common between two sites. fire regime of black pine forests will change. Recent fire records of forest service and our The species adaptation and forest dynamics dendrochronological records indicated a of such ecosystems affected by fire in many similar fire seasonality between today and parts of the world should be understood the past. Our results suggest that fire clearly. In this study, we aimed to suppression efforts and forest management reconstruct the fire history of black pine activities had increased in the 20th century, forests for the first time in Turkey using and the spread of fires has been actively dendrochronological methods, to reveal fire suppressed since the first forest protection seasonality, to understand the relationship law in Turkey in 1937. between fires and climate, and to determine the causes and changes of fire frequency. A Acknowledgement: This project is total of 62 samples collected from three financially supported by the Scientific and sites, we created a 367-year long (1652- Technological Research Council of Turkey 2019) composite fire chronology. (TÜBİTAK) (Project number: 118O306). Superposed Epoch Analysis showed that
60 TRACE 2021: Old Wood in the Limelight / poster presentations
High precision dendroprovenancing by means of wood anatomy
R. D’Andrea1, C. Corona2, C. Belingard1, S. Paradis-Grenouillet1 1GEOLAB, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France 2GEOLAB/CNRS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France [email protected]
So far, tree-ring width series have been series of anatomical parameters (earlywood extensively used to locate the geographic width, latewood width and earlywood vessel origin of archaeological wooden artefacts on size) were derived from core images national and continental scales, allowing the processed using CooRecorder and ROXAS reconstruction of past European timber trade software. The PCGA (principal component networks. By contrast, due to the similarity gradient analysis) performed on these series of tree-ring width signals produced by revealed that earlywood vessel size is the closely spaced forests, provenancing studies most useful feature to discriminate between carried out on a more local scale are likely to the four forest stands. We believe that these provide insignificant results and they are results will be of primary importance to therefore rarely undertaken. In this study, pinpoint the origin of the timber employed based on the approach developed by in Limoges’ timber-framed houses, consid- Akhmetzyanov et al. (2019), we suggest that ering that historical documents attest the wood anatomy can be used alongside tree- regional nature of the wood supply area. ring widths to increase the precision of This study is part on an ongoing PhD thesis, dendroprovenancing. In order to test this and it represents a valuable starting point for hypothesis, we sampled 80 oak trees in four the construction of a more extended tree- forest stands located within a radius of 30 ring network. km from the city of Limoges (France). Time
61 TRACE 2021: Old Wood in the Limelight / poster presentations
The Gribshunden Shipwreck
A. Hansson1, H. Linderson1, B. Foley2 1Department of Geology, Lund University, Sweden 2Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Lund University, Sweden [email protected]
The Royal carvel shipGribshunden was preserved artefacts that will not only give an carrying the Danish King Hans when it sank insight to the life on board the ship, but in the Blekinge archipelago in 1495 after a regional trade patterns will also be revealed. fire broke out on board. When the ship sank, In the ongoing excavation project, the King Hans was on his way to the Swedish dendroarchaeological aim is to retrieve town of Kalmar in order to try to reinstate barrel staves in order to date and determine the union between Denmark, Norway and the provenance of the wood. This will help Sweden. The shipwreck was rediscovered in us answer questions regarding the the early 1970s and has been investigated production and lifespan of the barrels, as several times since the early 2000s. well as trade patterns that emerge from the Dendrochronological analysis of nine oak barrels. The Gribshunden shipwreck, the samples from the ship structure revealed that same type of ship that brought Columbus to the trees were felled in the winter of the Americas, is the only preserved carvel 1482/1483 and that the samples originated ship known to date, and research on this from the Meuse River valley in northern wreck will give us a unique insight into the France. Apart from the ship structure, the Late Medieval way of life. wreck also contains a large amount of well
62 TRACE 2021: Old Wood in the Limelight / poster presentations
Studies of subfossil and recent oaks (Quercus spp.) with Blue Intensity
R. J. Kaczka1, M. Broich2 ,Th. Frank2, S. Scharl3 1Faculty of Science, Charles University, Czech Republic 2Laboratory of Dendroarchaeology, Institute of Prehistoric Archaeology, University of Cologne, Germany 3Institute of Prehistoric Archaeology, University of Cologne, Germany [email protected]
The dating of timbers from archaeological or examined 15 samples from two sites in subfossil contexts is always a challenge. The Germany, a gravel pit in Fischbeck, Lower common opinion is that physical and Saxony and the opencast mining near chemical structures of the xylem restrict Kaster, North Rhine-Westphalia. The possible dating methods to tree-ring width samples were already dated using tree-ring measurements only. However, there are width. Moreover, they were analysed for examples of successful use of other δ13C and δ18O, which helped to verify the BI parameters in terms of archaeological results. We tested different procedures at (Wilson et al. 2017; Loader et al. 2019) and each step of sample preparation and even subfossil wood. Here we present the measurement, e.g. different solvents, very first attempt to apply Blue Intensity sanding, scanning and employing all three (BI) on subfossil oak wood dated to the channels of RGB standard. For the purpose Neolithic (here ca. 4600 to 4400 BCE). We of comparison we examined samples from tested if BI can be applied to date hardwood living oaks to learn about the differences of modified significantly in its colour by subfossil and living wood. The very first fossilisation processes. The focus was on results are promising, as we successfully crossdating samples and building a floating measured BI and crossdated derived time chronology, as the dating itself would series of subfossil oaks. require a BI master chronology. We
63 TRACE 2021: Old Wood in the Limelight / poster presentations
Overview of dendro-archaeological studies in the French Alps: assessing the silvicultural practices in the mountains.
V. Labbas1, M. Le Roy2,3, L. Shindo4,5, in collaboration with J.-L. Edouard5, F. Guibal6
1GEODE UMR 5602, Jean Jaurès University, Toulouse, France 2University of Geneva, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Climate Change Impacts and Risks in the Anthropocene (C-CIA), CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland 3Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, EDYTEM, 73000 Chambéry, France 4ROOTS Cluster of Excellence, Inst. of Pre- and Early Prehistoric Archaeology Christian- Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany 5CCJ UMR 7299, Aix-Marseille Université, Aix-en-Provence, France 6IMBE UMR 7263, Aix-Marseille Université, Aix-en-Provence, France [email protected]
In the French Alps, dendrochronologists are beginning of the 14th century, up to ca. 250 studying timbers used in mountain (rural years old. From the end of the 14th to the buildings, mining structures) for about beginning of the 20th century, the trees were twenty years. 1730 Larch, Spruce Fir, Scots felled at a median age of 100 years. pine and oaks timbers (cores and sections) Moreover, diameters of the used trees used were tree ring dated at more than a hundred are more or less constant over time (around buildings located between 790 and 2356 m 20-25 centimeters), because these a.s.l. Several felling dates clusters were dimensions are perfectly suited for the identified, from the 11th c. to the 20th c. (mostly studied) structural elements of Except during the second half of the 14th mountain constructions. century, trees were felled during all times, which testifies to an almost continuous As diameter has remained constant whereas activity of buildings’ maintenance, repairs the age of the felled trees has changed, and transformation. growth conditions have therefore improved over the ten centuries studied. A climatic The evolution of felled timbers age and explanation is difficult to retain for this diameter over the last ten centuries reveals medieval-modern period discrepancy. the forest resources management by rural Rather, anthropic explanation, impacting societies. We show an increase in the age of silvicultural practices and favoring growth the trees felled from the 11th to the wouldbeamorerelevanthypothesis.
64 TRACE 2021: Old Wood in the Limelight / poster presentations
Tree ring analysis ofAraucaria angustifolia in response to hydropower plant operation in Southern Brazil
A. K. Marcon1, K. G. Martins2, P. C. Botosso3, M. L. Barddal4 , S. L. G. Santos4, F. Galvão1, C. T. Blum1 1Department of Forest Science, Federal University of Paraná, Brazil 2Department of Environmental Engineering, State University of Centro-Oeste, Brazil 3Brazilian Agricultural Research Agency (EMBRAPA Florestas), Brazil 4Paraná Electric Energy Company (COPEL), Brazil [email protected]
The Paraná Electric Energy Company, local and nearby weather stations. Data were “COPEL GeT” (research and development), evaluated by principal component analysis, is running the “ANEEL (National Agency of analysis of variance and means test. Tree Electric Energy)” project (PD-06491- ring responses to climate variables were 0405/2015) with Federal University of analyzed by fitting generalized linear mixed Paraná and “SIMEPAR (Paraná models and Spearman correlation. Time Meteorological System)”. The aim of this spam ranged from 1800 to 2016, but EPS study was to use meteorological series and was satisfactory from 1920 (>0.7). Oldest Araucaria angustifolia tree ring chronology and youngest trees were 143 and 38 years- to investigate possible changes in local old and the average length of series was 62.1 climate due to the construction of a years. Our results detected evidence that hydropower plant in Paraná State, southern hydropower plant may have changed local Brazil, in 1980. Hydropower plants are climate, mainly influencing hydrological important sources of energy supply, but the cycle. We identified a statistically significant climate impacts of dams are still poorly increase in monthly precipitation over other understood. In order to identify those weather stations. Tree ring responses were climate changes, tree ring analysis emerges found to be related to minimum temperature, as a valuable tool. Dendrochronological dam construction and water level (which is analyses were developed from wood cores probably influencing other derived of 30 trees, extracted by an increment borer. variables). Historical climate data were obtained from
65 TRACE 2021: Old Wood in the Limelight / poster presentations
First composite tree-ring chronology for the Novosibirsk region in West Siberia (Russia)
M. O. Phylatova1, V. V. Barinov2, Z. Yu. Zharnikov2, A. V. Taynik2, V. S. Myglan2 1Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS, Russia 2”Siberian dendrochronological laboratory", Siberian Federal University, Russia [email protected]
Novosibirsk region is located south of West Next, we built the chronology. Mean length Siberia. It is famous for several historical of series 154. The cross-dating period sites from the period of the Russian conquest between living trees chronology and old of Siberia. They are Suzun plant, building chronology was 162 years. The Umrevinsky burg, Krivoshekovo necropolis, correlate coefficient was 0,46. Now ,the Spassky church and others. Historical length of the chronology is about 500 years. sources do not determine exactly the build dates of all sites. We collected wood samples As the result, we created the new chronology from each site and decided to build a tree- and dated archaeological sites and old ring chronology to date them. houses in the Novosibirsk region (south of West Siberia). Unfortunately, trees in the region are young - 100-250 years. To continue chronology, we The reported study were funded by RFBR collected wood samples from typical and Novosibirsk region’s according to the buildings in Novosibirsk villages. At all, it is research project № 19-49-543004 24 houses. (archaeology part) and by Russian Science Foundation№ 19-14-00028 (ecology part).
66 TRACE 2021: Old Wood in the Limelight / poster presentations
Fingerprints of biotic agents in tree-ring and NDVI time series of forest stands
J. Schröder1, M. Guericke1, M. Körner2 1Department of Forest and Environment, Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development, Germany 2Competence Center for Forestry, Public Enterprise Sachsenforst, Graupa, Germany [email protected]
Phyllophagous insects capable of mass measure current stand characteristics and to propagations may cause severe damages to extract of borer core samples from trees and forest stands up to increased representative plots. individual and population-wide mortality. Comparative analyses of the four plots Trees that survive these attacks experience, focused on (1) sample characteristics such as at least temporarily, significant reductions of SNR and EPS, (2) the development of the their biomass productivity due to the losses tree-ring width (TRW) time series in the of foliage. damage years and beyond, (3) mean ring- This study covers an exemplary case of width index (RWI) time series and their large-scale defoliation caused byLymantria resilience components, and (4) RWI-climate monacha in pure stands ofPinus sylvestris relationships as calibrated by response and in Brandenburg, Northeast Germany, in the correlation function analyses. We could year 2003. Severe needle-loss occurred on show that the effects of varying feeding roughly 4,000 hectares concentrated on intensity are visible in the TRW and RWI medium-aged stands. The resulting decrease time series. These variations also influenced in foliage activity can be detected in time the resilience components associated with series of remote-sensing images continuous the different plots. We confirmed the estimates of the NDVI for the area. Based on assumed plot-specific correspondence the magnitude of this reduction and spatial between NDVI time series and RWI resolution of the images, zones of different chronologies, thus proving the reliability of degrees of foliage loss were delimited. the remote-sensing information to efficiently According to four different defoliation quantify the extent of defoliation on the categories we established four temporary stand scale. research plots in the respective zones to
67 TRACE 2021: Old Wood in the Limelight / video presentations
Ships were made of oak, pine or larch
A. Läänelaid1,A. Daly2, K. Sohar1 1Department of Geography, University of Tartu, Estonia 2SAXO-Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark [email protected]
Tree species at genus level were analysed Estonian Maritime Museum. MS “ALAR” from nine wrecks found at the coasts of was much suffered and repaired, containing Estonia. Knowing tree species is important oak (1948tpq ), pine (1929tpq ) and spruce first for matching tree-ring series of a wreck timbers. A recently found wreck (undated) at with ring-width references of the same Kadriorg, Tallinn, contains pine and larch species. Second, high similarity with certain timbers. Local ships like the one found near references indicates region of origin of the Kuru village in Lake Peipsi, were made of wreck timbers. Use of several species in one local pine (1908). ship may indicate either shipbuilding traditions, availability of timbers, or later Alongside with determination of the ship repairs. Ships wrecked at the coasts of type, knowing of tree species of the wreck Estonia have come from different countries greatly helps to explain the date and origin around the Baltic Sea. Some of the ships of the vessels. This, in turn, adds were made of oak, some were made of pine information about former sea trading and (sometimes with oak keelson). The oldest fishing practices through time in the Baltic dated ship here is an oaken cog (AD 1296 Sea region. terminus post quem), now exposed at the
68 TRACE 2021: Old Wood in the Limelight / video presentations
First dendrochronological studies of Quercus protoro- buroides
M. Panayotov1, N. Tsvetanov1, E. Tsavkov1 1Dendrology Department, Univerity of Forestry, Sofia, Bulgaria [email protected]
Quercus protoroburoides Donchev & 1856 to 2019. The mean tree-ring width is Bouzov ex Tashev & Tsavkov (Rila oak) is a 2.349 mm (minimum 1.097 mm, maximum species with extremely limited and localized 5.110 mm). The mean sensitivity is 0.219, distribution. It is found only on several while the mean 1-st order autocorrelation is locations on slopes above Rila Monastery 0.680. The mean RBar statistic is 0.283 and (Bulgaria) at elevations between 1500 m and the EPS is above the 0.85 threshold for the 1750 m a.s.l.The trees are in small groups or whole period. Common narrow years are scattered, usually situated on ridges slightly 2015, 2011-2012, 2000, 1993, 1988, 1976, higher than the local population ofQuercus 1971, 1962, 1952, 1933, 1904-1916, 1899, petraea and above mixed fir-beech forests. 1888-1891, 1880, 1876 and 1868. Most of Since its discovery in 1968 the species was these years are characterized by extreme not studied by dendrochronological climate conditions, such as droughts, methods, which was the aim of our study. unusually cold summers or delayed start of the vegetation period due to late frost events. We analysed 9 tree-ring cores from the Our initial climate-growth analysis based on location Boucher collected in 2013 and 33 gridded climate datasets and climate data cores from 20 trees from the location from Mussala peak indicates that the species Drushliavitsa collected in 2019. The trees is adaptive to common climate variation and varied in age from 30 to 170 years. Nearly only extreme conditions have potentially half of them were about 50 years old. The serious impact on growth. composed tree-ring chronology spans from
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TRACE 2021: Inside Wood / oral presentations
Intra-annual variation in vessel features in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in years with extreme climate conditions
D. Arnič1, J. Gričar1, J. Jevšenak1, G. Božič1, G. vonArx2, P. Prislan1 1Slovenian Forestry Institute, Slovenia 2Swiss Federal Institute WSL, Switzerland [email protected]
Due to climate change, the frequency of Results showed that summer drought affects extreme climatic events (e.g., summer both tree ring widths and vessel features. drought) is expected to increase in the Comparing years with wet and dry summers, future. The aim of this study was to tree ring increments were 33 % narrower in investigate the influence of dry and wet years with dry summers, while relative summer conditions on tree ring width and conductive area and vessel density were 26 vessel features in beech. Three optimal % and 18 % higher, respectively. Drought beech forest sites in Slovenia were selected, also affects intra-annual trend in vessel size representing the main Slovenian beech and distribution. In the first half of the tree provenances (Idrija, Javorniki, and Mašun) ring width, vessel size was similar between with different leaf phenology and thus wet and dry years. However, in case of dry different growth strategies. Collected cores summers vessel size began to decrease were prepared for observation under light already in the beginning of second half of microscope and wood anatomical features the xylem increment. In a case of wet were analysed using Image Pro-Plus and summer years, the vessel size began to Roxas. Growth rings formed in years with decrease after 70 % of tree ring width. The dry summers (with less precipitation and results are crucial for understanding the minimum and maximum temperatures plastic response of European beech to above the long-term average) were analysed. changing climatic conditions.
71 TRACE 2021: Inside Wood / oral presentations
Intra-annual density fluctuations beyond the Mediterranean: IADF respond to temperature in southern Siberian pines
A. Arzac1, M. A. Tabakova1,2, K. Khotcinskaia1, A. Koteneva1, A. V. Kirdyanov1,2, J. M. Olano3 1Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodny pr., 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia 2V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS, Federal Research Center ‘Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS‘, Akademgorodok 50/28, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia 3iuFOR-EiFAB, Universidad de Valladolid, Soria, Spain [email protected]
Intra-annual density fluctuations (IADFs) found the occurrence of types of IADF E result from sudden changes in the cambial (latewood-like cells band within the activity due to the intra-annual variability of earlywood) and IADF L (earlywood-like environmental factors. Thus, IADFs have cells band within the latewood), being the great potential as a climate proxy providing IADF Lthe most frequent (90% of the total). information on short-term variation in the Tree growth responded mainly to water pace of xylem formation, which may occur availability from late spring to early summer in any environment with abrupt fluctuations conditions. In contrast, IADF occurrence in climate conditions. However, most of was triggered by a shift from low to warm IADF research has focused on the temperatures during the growing season, Mediterranean climate, with less attention with a very high frequency at the dry site, devoted to the temperate climate. We but just a marginal effect of tree status. Our evaluated the occurrence of IADF in results contribute to building knowledge on dominant and suppressedPinus sylvestris L. IADFs in the Siberian forest-steppe. RNF- trees from two sites with contrasting water 18-74-10048 and FSRZ-2020-0014 availability conditions in the forest-steppe supported the study. ecotone in southern Siberia (Russia). We
72 TRACE 2021: Inside Wood / oral presentations
VS-Cambium-Developer (VS-CD): new opportunities to quantify a cambium activity of conifer species
D. Belousova1, V. Shishov2 1Research department, Siberian Federal University, Russia 2Math Methods and IT Department, Siberian Federal University, Russia [email protected]
We developed a new cambium model which Republic of Khakassia) over 1964-2012. reproduces a seasonal cambial activity of Accuracy of seasonal cell production conifer species and can be applied to simulation for the average tree of studied different habitats. The model is based on a site was ± 1 cell . hypothesis of existing a cytoplasmatic inhibitor which is responsible for the cell Software implementation of the new differentiation. The inhibitor functioning is cambium model is based on the R Shiny connected with seasonal temperature, technology and will be integrated in VS- precipitation and solar irradiance variability. GENN platform (http://www.vs-genn.ru/). The new algorithm is a deep modification of Developed widgets (process visualization the cambial block included in the Vaganov- tools) allow potential users to control a Shashkin process-based tree-ring model. cambial zone growth dynamics in high resolution time scale (up to one hour). The model is calibrated and verified by the direct and proxy observations of xylogenesis The work was supported by the Russian for conifer trees in cold semi-arid Ministry of Science and Higher Education (# environment of Southern Siberia (the FSRZ 2020-0010)
73 TRACE 2021: Inside Wood / oral presentations
The intra-annual density fluctuation as an acclimation response to water use efficiency of tracheidsPinus in sylvestris L
M. Fajstavr1,2, P. Horáček1, J. Krejza1,5, K. Giagli2, H. Vavrčík2, V. Gryc2, J. Urban3,4 1Department of xylogenesis and biomass allocation, Domain of environmental effects on terrestrial ecosystems, Czechglobe - Global Change Research Institute, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Belidla 4a, 60300 Brno, Czech Republic 2Department of Wood Science and Technology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 3, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic 3Department of Forest Botany, Dendrology and Geobiocenology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 3, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic 4Siberian Federal University, Svobodnyj Prospect 79, Krasnoyarsk, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia 5Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 3, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic [email protected]
Nowadays, we are facing a global climate to analyze the duration and rate of tracheid change affecting the terrestrial temperate differentiation and their morphometric forests resembling the weather conditions of parameters. We also analyzed the daily tree the Mediterranean area. The main stresses; water status by sap flow and soil water long-lasting drought periods and heatwaves potential measurements. The summer which have a negative impact on the tree drought periods (daily values of soil water water availability. Up to date, we still have potential and sap flow dropped under -1 very little information about the acclimation MPa and 10 kg day-1 respectively) resulted processes of drought-suffering Scots pine in cambial latency (reduced number of trees. To tackle this, studying the cambial cells). After improved tree water acclimation processes of water use status, the cambial activity was reactivated efficiency on the cellular level is on high and thus, the tracheids began to form again. scientific demand. We micro-cored six This resulted in earlywood-like tracheids dominant Scots pine trees by using the formation inside the latewood zone (intra- Trephor tool (weekly intervals) during three annual density fluctuation) responding to successive growing seasons (2014–2016) to fluctuated water availability. Hence, under investigate the cambial activity and drought stress, the trees tend to reduce the morphogenesis of new xylem cells formed number of tracheids with smaller radial under summer drought stress. The micro- dimensions (narrower tree rings) and thinner core samples were used for making cell-walls to increase their hydraulic permanent micro-slides (transverse section) efficiency.
74 TRACE 2021: Inside Wood / oral presentations
Forward modelling reveals a complex pattern of climatic control on wood formation in conifers at cold-limited sites
J. Lange1, J. Tumajer1,2, V. Buttò3, M. Fonti4,5, P. Fonti4, J. Jevšenak6, A. Kirdyanov5,7, C. Rathgeber8, S. Rossi3, J.-W. Seo9, V. Shishov10, and V. Treml1 1Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic 2Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University of Greifswald, Germany 3Département de Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Canada 4Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland 5Institute of Ecology and Geography, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia 6Department of Forest Yield and Silviculture, Slovenian Forestry Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia 7V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia 8French National Institute for Agriculture, Food, and Environment (INRAE), Nancy, France 9College of Agriculture, Life, and Environment Science, Chungbuk National University, Republic of Korea 10Institute of Economics and Trade, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia [email protected]
Evidence is increasing that temperature and wood formation patterns for 1950 - control on tree growth can vary across space today. and over time at high latitudes and high elevations, and that moisture availability can Even though temperature seems to be the be an important co-limiting factor at main climatic driver of tree growth at all otherwise cold-limited sites. Studies at the sites, we found temporally and spatially cellular level can help unravel these varying proportions of moisture-limited complex patterns, but long time series of growth. Furthermore, first results indicate wood formation data are often unavailable. that growth resumption in spring has advanced and thus growing season length Here, we aim to identify growth-limiting has increased over time at all sites. factors and patterns of wood formation in conifers at cold-limited sites across space We will now use xylogenesis monitoring and over time at an intra-annual level. We data to improve the models further, and more compiled a dataset of tree-ring width series sites will be added to increase the robustness and xylogenesis observation data for so far of the study. So far, modelling of intra- five cold-limited sites at high latitude annual tree growth seems to be highly suited (Quebec, Finland, Siberia) and high to unravel potentially hidden moisture- elevation (Swiss Alps, Giant Mountains). limited growth, which seems to be more We applied a process-based (Vaganov- widespread at cold-limited sites than Shashkin full) model to estimate proportions previously thought. of temperature- and moisture-limited growth
75 TRACE 2021: Inside Wood / oral presentations
Wood anatomy and tree-ring isotopes reveal hydraulic deterioration as the main cause ofAraucaria araucana dieback in southern America
P. F. Puchi1, J. J. Camarero2, G. Battipaglia3, M. Carrer1,4
1Dipartimento Territorio e Sistemi Agro-Forestali (TESAF), Universitá degli Studi di Padova, Italy 2Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC), Zaragoza, Spain 3University of Campania ‘L. Vanvitelli’, Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, via Vivaldi 43, I-81100 Caserta, Italy 4Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, ISAC-CNR, Bologna, Italy [email protected]
Extreme climatic events such as dry spells and less carbon storage. This likely induced accompanied by warmer temperatures have the reduction of tree growth and increased caused forest dieback and increased tree the susceptibility to drought stress and decline worldwide. Nonetheless, the roles pathogens. Wood anatomical traits played by the two major mechanisms evidenced a common divergence between driving forest dieback (hydraulic failure and declining and non-declining trees started carbon starvation) are understudied. Here, seven or more decades before any evident we apply a retrospective analysis of wood dieback sign at canopy level such needle anatomical traits and water use efficiency shedding. The WUEi, was higher in (WUEi) during the 1800-2017 period to declining trees from the Chilean sites, clarify the causes of dieback in three indicating early stomatal closure during Araucaria araucanasites. We selected drought and a potential carbon starvation stands showing recent dieback but featuring due to reduced photosynthesis rates, different climate conditions, one at the whereas in Argentina we observed a reverse warm-dry Chilean Coastal Range (CHI1), pattern in the last decades. and the other two at the cool-wet Chilean (CHI2) and Argentinian (ARG1) Andes. At Multi-proxy, retrospective quantifications of all sites declining trees showed higher xylem anatomical traits and tree-rings defoliation and lower growth rates, smaller isotopes provide a robust tool to differentiate tracheid lumen area, lower theoretical dieback causes, and to forecast which stands hydraulic conductivity and thinner cell-wall or trees will show growth decline or, on the area compared to non-declining trees, contrary, which will be able to survive to indicating lower water transport capacity forecasted hotter droughts in the future.
76 TRACE 2021: Inside Wood / oral presentations
What can xylem tell about extreme weather events?
N. Rezaie1, E. D’Andrea2, G. Matteucci3
1Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council of Italy (CNR–IRET), Italy 2Institute for Agriculture and Forestry Systems in the Mediterranean, National Research Council of Italy (CNR–ISAFOM), Italy 3Institute for BioEconomy, National Research Council of Italy (CNR–IBE), Italy [email protected]
Since the 1950s, global climate change is a Mediterranean beech forest during a late causing an increase in the frequency and frost (2016) and a summer drought (2017). magnitude of extreme weather events (e.g. The main aim of the study was to unravel the droughts, heat waves, and frost). Extreme dynamic of C in stemwood, in supporting weather events affect physiology of trees, tree resilience to climate stresses. whose responses are the results of both their tolerance and resilience. Tree stems play an The late frost reduced radial growth by 80%. important role in the carbon balance of Stem carbon dioxide efflux in 2016 was forest. Part of the carbon (C) fixed by reduced by 25%, which can be attributed to photosynthesis is allocated to the stem, some the reduction of effluxes due to growth is respired by stems and emitted into the respiration. Moreover, we showed that NSCs helped to counteract the negative atmosphere as CO2. Moreover, stemwood contains most of the total non-structural effects of both events, supporting plant carbohydrates (NSCs), playing a key role in survival and buffering source-sink the productivity and resilience of forest imbalances under stressful conditions. trees. Our findings indicate a strong trade-off On the hypothesis that extreme weather between growth and NSC storage in trees. events would alter the stem C dynamics, leaf Overall, our results highlight the resilience phenology, wood formation, stem CO2 of beech trees to highly stressful events. efflux, and NSC dynamic were monitored in
77 TRACE 2021: Inside Wood / oral presentations
Growing season changes in Swedish forests - early wakening, early retreat?
P. Stridbeck1, J. Björklund2, K. Seftigen1,2, D. Rayner1, A-M. Jönson3, H. Linderholm1 1Department of Earth Science, University of Gothenburg, Sweden 2Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Switzerland 3Dept of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Sweden [email protected]
In Sweden it is now estimated to be close to and Downybirch), sampled along the 2 °C warmer than in the 19th century. This Scandinavian mountains, have been used to has prolonged the growing season when tree assess whether there are any shifts in the growth restricted by temperature can occur. time window when tree ring width correlates This is particularly relevant near the tree with temperature. line, where mean temperature during just a few weeks around summer solstice Our main finding reveals that the period of frequently explains up to half of the peak correlation appears to start earlier but variability in ring width. also, somewhat surprisingly, ends earlier. This is also corroborated by the Phenological observations of bud burst and phenological observations. Our results thus autumn leaves, conducted throughout suggest a shift in the timing of plant activity Sweden, indicate a shift in plant activity, rather than a prolongation of the growing most evident in Birch. Here we raise the season. question to what degree the temperature signal in tree ring chronologies has remained We hypothesize that this may be associated stable during this rapid warming, or if it with restriction in water availability towards reveals a similar pattern as the phenological the end of the thermal growing season, and observations. perhaps this can explain why the northern forests at times have been unable to respond A multi-species network (including favourably to the increase in temperature the chronologies of Scots pine, Norway spruce last half century.
78 TRACE 2021: Inside Wood / poster presentations
Dynamics of Xylem and Phloem Formation in Quercus ilex L. at a Mediterranean Site
A. Balzano1, K. Čufar1 and V. De Micco2
1Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia 2Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, I-80055 Portici, Naples, Italy [email protected]
Holm oak (Quercus ilex) dieback has been and distribution of precipitation leading to reported at numerous locations in its natural the formation of intra-annual density sites likely due to ongoing climate change. fluctuations (IADFs). The lowest production In this context, we followed the cambial of xylem cells was observed in the dry late activity in Q. ilex trees growing at a site in spring and summer, while the highest southern Italy in a very dry year, to assess occurred in autumn. We detected cambial how xylem and phloem production are production of phloem cells throughout the affected by harsh seasonal climatic year, even in the periods when no xylem was variation. As phloem did not show clear produced. Our results suggest that phloem growth rings and boundaries between them, production is either favoured or less affected we followed the development of phloem than the xylem production under stressful fibres and their morphological traits using conditions. We also report how to overcome them as reference to evaluate the phloem technical problems with tissue preparation production during the year. On the xylem due to extreme hardness and peculiar side, we detected a multimodal pattern in structure ofQ. ilex wood and bark. cambial production linked with the amount
79 TRACE 2021: Inside Wood / poster presentations
Earlywood and latewood structure: a magnifying glass for investigation of external and intrinsic inputs in conifer growth. Case study near forest line in Western Sayan Mountains
L. V. Belokopytova1, D. F. Zhirnova1, Alan Crivellaro2,3, E. A. Babushkina1,E.A. Vaganov4,5
1Khakass Technical Institute, Siberian Federal University, Abakan, Russia 2Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, UK 3"Stefan cel Mare" University of Suceava, Romania 4Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia 5Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia [email protected]
Quantitative wood anatomy can provide were observed in earlywood of all species, detailed insight into adaptation of trees to i.e. shared habitat, average climate, and changing environment, especially on the similar habitus provide common trade-off borders of species distribution ranges. This between hydraulic efficiency and safety. In study investigated wood anatomy ofPinus latewood, anatomical traits are strongly sylvestris L.,Pinus sibirica Du Tour, and interconnected (r = 0.63…0.93) for each Picea obovata Ledeb. growing near the species despite having more species-specific upper forest line in the Borus Ridge of the values and proportion in the ring. At the Western Sayan Mountains, where local same time, latewood traits have more climate changes rapidly. Anatomical traits pronounced dependence of heat supply as reflecting three developmental stages of was shown for vegetative seasons with the conifer tracheids (cell division in cambial highest/lowest duration of temperatures zone = cell number, cell enlargement = above thresholds 5°C and 8°C and sum of radial diameter, and secondary wall temperatures above these thresholds. Higher deposition = cell wall thickness) were proportion of latewood cells with much calculated for earlywood, latewood and total thicker walls was observed during warm/ tree ring over 50 years. Similar traits long vegetative seasons than during (hydraulic architecture) and low-to-medium short/cool ones. between-trait correlations (r = 0.21…0.67)
80 TRACE 2021: Inside Wood / poster presentations
Could different tapping regimes improve resin yield inPinus pinaster?
A. Carvalho1, F. Campelo1, N. Garcia-Forner1 1Centre for Functional Ecology – Science for People & the Planet, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal [email protected]
Conifers are an ancient group of woody production but also to improve and develop plants with worldwide distribution and a more efficient and sustainable tapping long evolutionary history dating back to the methods. To do so, we followed the radial Carboniferous. Their success relies on their growth, xylogenesis and resin yield of 18 complex defense mechanisms to prevent maritime pine trees tapped during the 2020 herbivores and pathogens, which involves growing season under different tapping the constitutive and/or inducible production regimes: none, traditional (March- of resin that acts as a chemical and physical November), and shortened (June- barrier. Natural resins have a high November). The traditional method economical value for different industries, produced ~50% more resin and showed including pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food higher resin yield during the whole season industries, and are an alternative to synthetic than the shortened regime suggesting a main resins from fossil origin. Resin tapping is a role of resin induction. The maximum resin traditional forestry activity in Portugal, production in both regimes was before wherePinus pinasterAiton is the principal summer drought and resin production species used. Understanding how resin started to decrease in early October. The production varies over the growing season, number of cells produced was not affected how can be affected by different tapping by the tapping regime. However, shifts in intensities, and the effects this may have on carbon allocation might have influenced xylem formation might be useful not only to tracheid features. understand the intra-annual pattern of resin
81 TRACE 2021: Inside Wood / poster presentations
Is ring porosity a stable trait in Mediterranean oaks?
D. Castagneri1, M. Carrer1, L. Regev2, E. Boaretto2 1Department TESAF, University of Padua, Italy 2D-REAMS Radiocarbon Laboratory, Scientific Archaeology Unit, Weizmann Institute, Israel [email protected]
Tree species are characterized by different calliprinos in the mesic Golan Heights. We physiological and morphological traits, compared xylem anatomical parameters and reflecting different strategies to exploit ring porosity (assessed through the Gini and resources efficiently and cope with Porosity Ratio indices) for the rings environmental stress. In the Mediterranean corresponding to the five driest, five wettest, basin, evergreen oaks have diffuse-porous and normal (i.e. not dry or wet) years of the wood, i.e. they form vessels of similar size period 1974–2013. Ring width, vessel size over the growing season. Instead, most and number were affected by both site deciduous oaks are ring-porous, forming conditions and climate variability, wider vessels at the growing season start, evidencing the important role of water and narrower vessels later. Ring porosity is availability for xylem formation. Ring generally considered a taxon-specific trait, porosity indices showed that diffuse-porous but some authors suggest that it might be xylem structure of the evergreen species was affected by environmental conditions. maintained under dry and wet conditions at However, specific researches are lacking. both sites. However, in the deciduous We investigated xylem traits along tree-ring species, ring-porous structure in wet and series in semi-ring-porousQuercus normal years shifted to semi-ring-porous in ithaburensis (deciduous) and diffuse porous dry years. This suggests that ring-porous Q. calliprinos (evergreen) in xeric Lower strategy might not be realized under future Galilee (Israel), and onring-porous Q. drier climate in the Mediterranean basin. boissieri (deciduous) and diffuse-porousQ.
82 TRACE 2021: Inside Wood / poster presentations
Drought elicits contrasting responses on the autumn dynamics of wood formation in late successional deciduous tree species
I. Dox1, P. Prislan2,J.Gričar2, B. Mariën1, N. Delpierre3,4, O. Flores1, S. Leys1, C. B. K. Rathgeber5, P. Fonti6, M. Campioli1 1Research Group of Plants and Ecosystems, PLECO, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium 2Slovenian Forestry Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia 3Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systématique et Evolution, 91405, Orsay, France. 4Institut Universitaire de France (IUF) 5Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, SILVA, 54000 Nancy, France 6Dendrosciences group, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland [email protected]
Wood formation cessation is a key Beech ceased wood formation before oak, phenological event of temperate deciduous but its wood phenology did not differ trees. Elucidating the influence of between years. Compared to 2017, fibre cell environmental conditions on the timing of wall thickness was smaller in beech but wood formation cessation is fundamental for thicker in oak in 2018. We did not find a better understanding of tree functioning and significant difference in porosity, mean potential climate change impacts. Here, we conductive area or the amount of tension compare wood formation dynamics in wood in either species between years. autumn in European beech and pedunculate Presumably oak ended wood formation oak stands in Belgium for two years (2017 earlier in 2018 due to an earlier cessation of and 2018), with the second experiencing a cambial activity as less cells had to go severe summer drought. Wood formation through the wall thickening phase in dynamics were histologically observed. autumn.This pattern might indicate Wood formation in oak was affected by the contrasting life strategies: favoring fewer drought, with oak trees ceasing cambial but thicker xylem cells for ring-porous activity and wood maturation about three species, while more but thinner cells for weeks earlier in 2018 compared to 2017. diffuse-porous species.
83 TRACE 2021: Inside Wood / poster presentations
Isometric scaling to model water transport in conifer tree rings across time and environments
P. Fonti1, E. A. Vaganov2,3, M. V. Fonti2, I. V. Sviderskaya2 1Dendrosciences, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland 2Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation 3V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation [email protected]
Xylem hydraulic properties determine the formed under harsh conditions in southern ability of plants to efficiently and safely Siberia to quantify the intra- and inter- provide water to their leaves. These annual variability in hydraulic properties. properties are key to understanding plant The model provides a means of assessing responses to environmental conditions and how different-sized tracheid’s components to evaluating their fate under a rapidly contribute to the hydraulic properties of the changing climate. However, their ring. Up-scaled results indicate that natural assessment is hindered by the challenges of inter- and intra-ring anatomical variations quantifying basic hydraulic components have a substantial impact on the tree’s such as bordered pits and tracheids. hydraulic properties.
Here we use isometric scaling between Our model facilitates the assessment of tracheids and pits morphology to merge important xylem functional attributes partial hydraulic models of tracheid’s because it only requires the more accessible component to upscale properties at the tree- measures of cross-sectional tracheid size. ring level in conifers trees. Our new model This approach, if applied to dated tree-rings, output is first cross-validated with literature provides a novel way to investigate xylem and then applied to cell anatomical structure-function relations across time and measurements from Larix sibirica tree-rings environmental conditions.
84 TRACE 2021: Inside Wood / poster presentations
Growth-defence trade-offs in tapped pines on anatomical traits and resin production
N. Garcia-Forner1, F. Campelo1, A. Carvalho1, J. Vieira1, A. Rodríguez-Pereiras1, M. Ribeiro2, A. Salgueiro2, M. E. Silva3, J. L. Louzada3 1Centre for Functional Ecology – Science for People & the Planet, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal 2Gestão Integrada e Fomento Florestal, Lda., 44480-628 Fajozes, Vila do Conde, Portugal 3CITAB/UTAD, Departamento de Engenharias, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal [email protected]
In the Iberian Peninsula, Pinus pinaster availability and longer growing seasons, Aiton forests had been traditionally while those were almost unaffected in VPA. managed for the co-production of resin and Resin duct production increased timber. Growth-defence trade-offs are not exponentially with tree-ring width similarly fully understood, however. Resin ducts have in both sites and periods, but wider rings and been used as a proxy for resin yield as they ducts in PCO resulted in greater areas represent the tree’s investment on resin occupied by resin ducts. Anatomical resin- defences throughout its lifespan, but it is not based defences before tapping did not trade- yet clear if these structures can be linked to off with radial growth, although, lower growth or how well the resin duct network growth rates were related to higher resin correlates with resin yield. To answer these duct investments in response to tapping. questions, we compare annual tree-ring Resin yield was positively associated with width, resin duct traits (absolute and tree’s size, growth, and duct production but standardized, before and while tapping), and not with duct density or relative area. Tree resin yield of two P. pinaster stands tapped vigour seems to be the most valuable for resin extraction in Portugal (VPA and variable to identify the best resin producers PCO). During tapping, growth rates in a stand. Growth sensitivity differences to decreased by ca. 24% in PCO, the resin tapping are site-dependent and may not population living under greater water be as negative as previously thought.
85 TRACE 2021: Inside Wood / poster presentations
Wood rays in xylem of Scots pine of different canopy stratus
R. Matisons1, S. Dubra1,2, I. Dauškane2, K. Bičkovskis1, A. Jansons1, H. Gärtner3
1Latvian State Forest Research Institute ‘Silava’, 111 Rigas str., Salaspils, LV-2169, Latvia 2University of Latvia, Faculty of Biology, Jelgavas str. 1, Riga, LV-1010, Latvia 3Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Forest Dynamics, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland [email protected]
Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) are between the earlywood and latewood; WRs crucial for survival and resilience of trees, in latewood were higher although narrower particularly under intensifying weather in comparison to earlywood, yet their total extremes. The amount of NSC can be amount was higher in earlywood. Canopy affected by the social status of trees within status had only a marginal effect, though stand, implying uneven tolerance to natural quantity and height of WR tended to be disturbances. In stemwood of Scots pine higher in earlywood of the intermediate (Pinus sylvestris), NSC are mainly stored in trees. The studied WR proxies expressed parenchyma in wood rays (WRs), amount of inter-annual variation, which was correlated which express intra- and inter-annual to the meteorological conditions prior to the variation. The differences in WR in formation of the tree-ring (previous summer stemwood of dominant and intermediate and autumn), thus contributing to the carry- (canopy trees with reduced and narrow over effects of climatic factors. Though, the crowns) maturing Scots pine were assessed climatic signals captured by the proxies of by quantitative wood anatomy based on the WR were weaker than observed before. tangential cuts from earlywood and Nevertheless, the observed differences in latewood of the outermost 30 tree-rings. The mean values and inter-annual variation of relative ray area was intermediate, (ca. 5%), WR imply within-stand diversity of carbon yet varied greatly among the studied trees. allocation patterns. The size and amount of WR mainly differed
86 TRACE 2021: Inside Wood / poster presentations
Flood signals in tree-ring δ18O and xylem anatomical parameters ofLagerstroemia speciosa in Bangladesh: Implications for flood management strategies
M. Rahman1,2, M. Islam1,2, M. Masood3, A. Gebrekirstos1,4, A. Bräuning1
1Institute of Geography, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Wetterkreuz 15, 91058 Erlangen, Germany 2Department of Forestry and Environmental Science, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh 3Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWDB), Dhaka, Bangladesh 4World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), United Nations Avenue, P.O. Box 30677-00100, Nairobi, Kenya [email protected]
We performed a multiproxy tree-ring and consequent inadequate metabolic analysis to investigate the impact of extreme energy required for water transport. Tree- flood events on tree growth, xylem ring δ18O significantly decreased during the anatomical parameters and oxygen isotope flood years due to the amount effect in local composition of tree-ring cellulose (δ18O)ina precipitation. Bootstrapped Pearson Bangladeshi moist tropical forest and to correlation analysis showed that wood establish relationships between water level anatomical variables encoded stronger river of the regional rivers and tree-ring level signals than RW and tree-ring δ18O. parameters. By using pointer year analysis, Among the wood anatomical parameters, we identified 1974, 1988, and 1998 as VD showed a strong relationship (r = -0.58, extreme flood years in Bangladesh. p < 0.01) with the water level of the Manu Superposed epoch analysis revealed river, a regional river of the north-eastern significant changes in ring width (RW), total part of Bangladesh, indicating that VD can vessel area (TVA), vessel density (VD), and be used as a reliable proxy for river level tree-ring δ18O during flood years. Flood reconstruction. Our analyses suggest that associated hypoxic soil conditions reduced multiproxy tree-ring analysis is a potential RW up to 53% and TVAup to 28%, varying tool to study tropical moist forest responses with flood events. In contrast, vessel density to extreme flood events and to identify increased by 23% as a safety mechanism suitable proxies for reconstructing against flood induced hydraulic failure hydrological characteristics of South Asian caused by inefficient anaerobic respiration rivers.
87 TRACE 2021: Inside Wood / poster presentations
Fire effects on xylogenesis and productivity ofPinus pinaster Aiton
F. Niccoli1, V. De Micco2, A. Pacheco1, S. Castaldi1, R. Valentini3, G. Battipaglia1
1Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81100, Caserta, Italy 2Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Università 100, 80055, Portici, Italy 3Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest systems, University of Tuscia, Via de Lellis, 01100, Viterbo, Italy
The effects of wildfires on trees do not eco-physiological parameters of the always appear in the short term, in some individual plants through the use of the cases they become evident after several innovative TreeTalker device. years: the flames can trigger complex mechanisms that influence the eco- The dendrochronological results suggest, at physiology of the trees causing, in the long the end of 2018, a very limited mortality term, a reduction of tree vigor or even the rate: only 2-10% of individuals have death. reduced their vigor. However, the preliminary data on xylogenesis, collected Our research aims to identify the fire effect since spring 2019 every 15 days, suggest a on the growth and ecophysiology of Pinus direct link between the damage of the tree’s pinaster Aiton in the short and long term, as canopy and the cambium activity. Plants well as to understand how climate and in with a strong reduction of foliage show a particular heat waves, can affect the delayed development of cells with recovery time of this species. The study, secondary and lignified walls, and also a carried out in a forest stand affected by a lower cambium production. ByAugust 2019 severe fire at the Vesuvius National Park in the extremely damaged plant recorded a Southern Italy in July 2017, combines xylem cell production 59% lower than that dendrochronological and xylogenesis shows by trees with a limited damage of the analyses with continuous monitoring of the canopy.
88 TRACE 2021: Inside Wood / poster presentations
Contribution of cell anatomical parameters to the tree-ring width variability of two larch species in permafrost and non- permafrost zones of Siberia
M. I. Popkova1, V. V. Shishov1,2 , E. A. Vaganov3, M. V. Fonti4,5, S. Rossi6,7
1Laboratory of Complex Research of Forest Dynamics in Eurasia, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia 2Environmental and Research Center, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China 3Rectorate, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia 4Laboratory of Ecosystems Biogeochemistry, Institute of Ecology and Geography, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia 5Landscape Dynamics, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland 6Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China 7Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, Canada [email protected]
In this study, the impact of climatic between the tree-ring width and the cell conditions on radial growth was compared production in early- and latewood were between Larix gmelinii Rupr (Rupr) and assessed as linear, whereas the dependence Larix sibirica L. growing in permafrost and between the radial cell size in early- and non-permafrost zones, respectively, in latewood and the tree-ring width became Central Siberia. We quantified the significantly non-linear for both habitats. contribution of xylem cell anatomy to The contribution of early (EW) and late variability in tree ring width (TRW) over the (LW) wood cells to TRW variation (average period 1963–2011. Generalised linear 56.8% and 24.4%, respectively) was modelling identified a general correlation significantly higher than the effect of cell between TRW and cell structure diameters (3.3% (EW) and 17.4% (LW)) for characteristics in contrasting environments. habitats. The results showed that different Despite the obvious differences in the larch species from sites with divergent growing conditions and related tree-ring climatic conditions converge to similar formation, relationships between TRW and xylem cell structures and relationships the number of cells and cell diameter in EW between xylem cell production and their and LW have been proven as non-specific to traits. environmental conditions. The relationship
89 TRACE 2021: Inside Wood / video presentations
Effects of dominant moss species on shrub growth and xylem anatomy along a precipitation gradient in the subarctic tundra
A. Anadon-Rosell1, A. Michelsen2, S. Lett2, E. Dorrepaal3, G. von Arx4, J. Tumajer1, M. Wilmking1 1Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University of Greifswald, Germany 2Terrestrial Ecology Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark 3Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Climate Impacts Research Centre, Umeå University, Abisko, Sweden 4Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland [email protected]
In the tundra, bryophytes may be the Sweden. To investigate structural and dominant growth form covering the soil functional responses to the dominant moss surface of shrub communities. They can species and precipitation regime, we modulate soil conditions through their prepared microscopic sections of the shrubs capacity to retain moisture and nutrients and stem base and measured growth rings and their chemical characteristics. The study of xylem anatomical parameters. We also the interaction between shrubs and measured shrub leaf C and N concentration bryophytes is essential to understand the and isotope composition (δ13C, δ15N). To functioning of shrub communities, which understand moss effects on soil are expanding due to global change. In this characteristics along the precipitation study, we collectedBetula nana and gradient, we measured soil pH and water and Empetrum hermaphroditum ramets growing nutrient content. Preliminary results on in moss carpets dominated byHylocomium shrub leaf physiology and soil splendens, Pleurozium schreberi or characteristics show a significant interaction Sphagnum spp., which differ in growth between moss species and the precipitation habit, density of their carpets and water gradient, indicating that mosses modulate holding capacity, amongst others. We the effects of climate conditions on shrubs. sampled three ramets per site and moss We discuss the importance of moss identity species in eight locations distributed along a combined with the precipitation regime for precipitation gradient (571-1155 mm/year) the performance of tundra shrubs in the in the subarctic alpine tundra near Abisko, context of a changing climate.
90 TRACE 2021: Inside Wood / video presentations
Seasonal growth dynamics of Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) on sandy soils in the Netherlands during the dry summer 2018
S. F. Hanum1, U. Sass-Klaassen2 1Bali Botanic Garden, Indonesian Institute of Science, Indonesia 2Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University, Netherlands [email protected]
This study focused on studying the (enlargement and lignification). Key dynamics of stem growth of six beech trees questions addressed were: How was beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) growing on sandy soils cambial activity affected by the early in the Netherlands in reaction to the extreme summer drought in 2018? and in what way dry year 2018. By comparing high- cambial analyses complements dendrometer resolution point dendrometer measurements measurements to distinguish between water- with weekly taken cambial samples we related and growth related stem-growth studied the intra-annual growth reaction to variations? We found that early summer prevailing early summer drought 2018. drought caused a cease in cell-production Point dendrometers record stem movements rate. Cambial re-activation, i.e. observation in response to external conditions with high of post-cambial cells occurred c. eight days temporal resolution but lack the possibility after rainfall ended the dry period in August. to distinguish between water-related stem The point dendrometers registered an instant movements and growth-related extension of stem enlargement at the day when rainfall the stem radius. Cambial analyses based on occurred. This illustrates the relevance of weekly taken microcores allows to actually combining both techniques to understand study the dynamics of wood formation (cell how drought affects water-related processes division) and wood differentiation and stem growth.
91
TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / oral presentations
Nanoparticle concentration in trees is higher through leaf delivery
P. Ballikaya1,2, I. Brunner1, C. Cocozza3, r. Kaegi4, M. Schaub1, l. Schönbeck1,5, B. Sinnet4, P. Cherubini1,2,6
1WSL, Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland 2Department of Geography, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland 3Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari, Ambientali e Forestali, Università di Firenze, I-50145 Florence, Italy 4Eawag Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland 5Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland 6Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC, Canada [email protected]
A greenhouse experiment was conducted to found higher gold concentrations in the roots a) assess to what extent gold nanoparticles than in the stems, but no Au NPs in the (Au NPs) are taken up by European beech leaves. Overall, the measured gold was (Fagus sylvaticaL.) and Scots pine (Pinus higher in beech than in pine, probably due to sylvestris L.) seedlings through the roots and higher stomatal activity in beech that the leaves and b) investigate the influence of contributed to the nanoparticle uptake. the surface charge on the transport of nano- Concentrations of variously charged gold particles in these two tree species. particles were significantly different between root and leaf supply and among In this experiment, 40n m Au NPs with different tissuesP ( < 0.05), but differences in different surface charges (positive, negative, distribution patterns in pine were not and neutral, hereafter referred to as discernible. treatments) were supplied, individually to the leaves and to the roots. Twenty days after In conclusion, gold nanoparticles are taken the treatments, gold was measured by up by both roots and leaves and transported inductively coupled plasma mass spectro- to different compartments of trees. However, meter (ICP-MS) in total digests of leaves, it seems that Au NPs are delivered faster stems and roots. In the leaf supply, gold from the leaves through the phloem to the concentrations were higher in leaves and xylem and are further distributed throughout stems than in roots. In the root supply, we the plant system, including to the roots.
93 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / oral presentations
Dendroanatomy – a new contender in Dendroclimatology
J. Bjö rklund1, K. Seftigen1, 2, 3, M. Fonti1, P. Fonti1, D. Nievergelt1, G. vonArx1 1Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf Switzerland 2Regional Climate Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Sweden 3Georges Lemaı̂ tre Centre for Earth and Climate Research, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium [email protected]
The most frequently and successfully used compared with dendroanatomical para- tree-ring parameters for the study of meters with regard to their signal properties. temperature variations are ring width and Maximum radial cell wall thickness as well maximum latewood density (MXD). X-ray as anatomical MXD and latewood density MXD is currently the state-of-the-art due to appeared to be the most promising the strong association with temperature. We parameters for temperature reconstruction. challenge this paradigm when discovering In fact, these parameters compare favorably the dendroclimatic potential of dendro- to X-ray MXD and MXBI, in terms of anatomy in the first truly well replicated shared variation (rbar) and temperature dataset. Twenty-nine mature livingPinus correlations across frequencies and over sylvestris trees were sampled close to the time. We consider the reason for this latitudinal tree line in North-eastern Finland. interesting result to be the unprecedentedly Ring width, X-ray MXD as well as the blue high measurement resolution of the intensity counterpart, MXBI, were anatomical technique.
94 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / oral presentations
Tree vitality and forest health: any better indicators than tree-ring widths?
P. Cherubini 1,2, G. Battipaglia 3, J. L. Innes4 1WSL Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf, Switzerland 2Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC, Canada 3University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy 4Department of Forest Resources Management, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC, Canada [email protected]
Society is concerned about the condition of because of sampling bias, and ring-width the forests. Although a definition of forest patterns do not provide any information health is still missing, to evaluate forest about tree physiological processes. In the health, monitoring efforts in the past forty past two decades, tree-ring stable isotopes years have concentrated on the assessment have been used not only to reconstruct the of tree vitality, trying to estimate tree impact of past climatic events, such as photosynthesis rates and productivity. Used drought, but also in the study of forest in monitoring forest decline in Central decline induced by air pollution episodes, Europe since the 1980s, crown foliage and other natural disturbances and transparency has been commonly believed environmental stress, such as pest outbreaks to be the best indicator of tree condition in and wildfires. They have proven to be useful relation to air pollution, although annual tools for understanding physiological variations appear more related to water processes and tree response to such stress stress. Although crown transparency is not a factors. Tree-ring stable isotopes integrate good indicator of tree photosynthesis rates, crown transpiration rates and photosynthesis defoliation is still one of the most used rates and may enhance our understanding of indicators of tree vitality. Tree rings have tree vitality. They are promising indicators been often used as indicators of past of tree vitality. We call for the use of tree- productivity. However, long-term tree- ring stable isotopes in future monitoring growth trends are difficult to interpret programmes.
95 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / oral presentations
A density provenance model to improve millennium length temperature reconstructions
E. Kuhl1, J. Esper1, C. S. Zang2, M. Schmidhalter3, U. Büntgen4, C. Hartl1 1Department of Geography, Johannes Gutenberg- University Mainz, Germany 2Land Surface-Atmosphere Interactions, Technical University of Munich, Germany 3Dendrosuisse, Laboratory for Dendrochronology, Switzerland 4Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, UK [email protected]
Maximum latewood density (MXD) reveals an elevational transect from 1400 to 2150 m improved temperature reconstruction skills asl in the Simplon valley covering the period compared to tree-ring width (TRW) and is from 1641 to 2011 CE. This dataset is thus highly valuable for paleoclimate extended to 985 CE (replication ≥ 5) by research. Alpine sites, such as the Simplon including 104 historical series to produce a valley in the Swiss Alps, offer great 1026-year chronology. First results reveal opportunities to develop long and highly MXD-MJJA temperature correlations temperature-sensitive chronologies as the ranging from r ≈ 0.3 at lower to r ≈ 0.7 at period covered by living trees can be higher elevations. This gradient in extended with material from historical temperature sensitivity highlights the buildings. However, the exact origin of the importance of the elevational origin of historical wood is unknown, hence the historical material when it is incorporated in temperature sensitivity cannot be a chronology. The new provenance model, guaranteed. To solve this issue, we trained with density data from different implement a provenance model for x-ray elevations, will be used to estimate the density measurements. We performed a origin of the historical wood and help to multiple-site sampling of livingLarix improve millennium length temperature decidua trees (6 sites, 24 series each) along reconstructions.
96 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / oral presentations
Is ring porosity a favorable strategy for oaks under different climate types?
E. Martínez-Sancho1, D. Castagneri2, P. Fonti1, G. vonArx1, D. Balanzategui3, C. Bigler4, N. Bleicher5, J. J. Camarero6, M. Colangelo6,7, I. Dorado-Liñán8, G. Gea- Izquierdo9, I. Heinrich10, D. Martin-Benito9, A. Menzel11, P. Nola12, F. Ripullone7, A. Stritih4,13, M. Matiu14
1Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland 2University of Padova, Padova, Italy 3GFZ – German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany 4ETH, Zürich, Switzerland 5Underwater Archaeology and Dendroarchaeology, Office for Urbanism, Zurich, Switzerland 6Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología, Zaragoza, Spain 7Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Potenza, Italy 8Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain 9Forest Research Center INIA-CIFOR, Madrid, Spain 10German Archaeological Institute, Department of Natural Sciences, Berlin, Germany 11Ecoclimatology, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany 12University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy 13WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Davos, Switzerland 14Institute for Earth Observation, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy [email protected]
Ring porosity is the culmination of a long which were accumulated at different evolutionary process in which the temporal scales across the whole growing conductive function is distributed along the season. Using a principal component growing season. Earlywood vessels, built analysis (PCA), we extracted three major early in the growing season, are primarily patterns: 1) a constant negative, 2) a constant responsible for ensuring sufficient water positive, and 3) a variable (positive in spring supply for canopy performance throughout and negative in summer) relationship the growing season. In contrast, latewood between vessel size and NDVI along the vessels transport less water, but they are growing season. Relating these patterns to more resistant to embolism and functional monthly climate conditions indicated that for many years. Our study aimed to water availability during the growing season investigate the effectiveness of the ring- explains the variability associated with the porous strategy displayed by deciduous oak correlation patterns among sites. Our study species by determining the relationship suggests that climate with strong intraannual between earlywood vessel size and canopy precipitation variability might induce a primary production. To do so, we have mismatch between the hydraulic capacity of collected wood anatomical chronologies trees and canopy primary production during from more than 20 sites across a large summer whereas this relation is well-tuned environmental gradient and correlated these under mesic and xeric climates with low to normalized difference vegetation index intra-annual rain variability. (NDVI) time series from remote sensing, 97 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / oral presentations
Reconstruction of the Southern Hemisphere climate over the past millennium taking into account explicitly the links between climate and tree growth with process-based dendroclimatic models
J. Rezsöhazy1,2, H. Goosse1, J. Guiot2, F. Klein1, Q. Dalaiden1 1Université catholique de Louvain, Earth and Life Institute, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium 2Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France [email protected]
Trees are one of the main archives to between climate and tree growth. To this reconstruct past climate variability at the end, a data assimilation procedure is used to interannual scale. The links between tree- combine the information from the physics of ring proxies and climate have usually been the climate system, as included in climate estimated on the basis of statistical models, and paleoclimate records, in approaches, assuming linear and stationary particular tree-ring width and ice cores relationships. Yet, both assumptions can be records (snow accumulation and δ18O). inadequate. This issue can be overcome by MAIDEN is used here as a proxy system the use of process-based dendroclimatic model, also referred to as an observation models, such as MAIDEN. MAIDEN operator in the data assimilation framework, (Modeling and Analysis In DENdroecology) to make the link between climate model is a mechanistic tree-growth model that outputs and indirect climate observations simulates tree-ring growth starting from from tree-rings. The ice cores records are surface air temperature, precipitation and directly compared to the outputs of the
CO2 daily inputs. In this study, we provide a climate model. More specifically, we climate reconstruction of continental evaluate the benefits of using tree-growth temperature, precipitation and winds in the models such as MAIDEN for reconstructing mid to high latitudes of the Southern past climate with data assimilation Hemisphere over the last millennium that compared to the commonly used linear takes into account explicitly the links regression.
98 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / oral presentations
High-resolution reflected light imaging for dendro- chronology: towards the development of unbiased reflectance timeseries
M. Rydval1, J. Björklund2, G. vonArx2, K. Begović1, M. Lexa1, J. Schurman1,J. Nogueira1,3, Y. Jiang1 1Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic 2Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Birmensdorf, Switzerland 3Laboratório de Radioecologia e Mudanças Globais (LARAMG)/Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil [email protected]
Climate change is a global-scale issue of analogous to BI from very high-resolution societal, economic, and political importance (~8600 true dpi) images. These quasi-BI and so understanding the climate of the series from microscope-based reflected light present within the context of past climate images of tree-ring sample surfaces appro- variability is of vital importance. ximate anatomical density as they are based Dendroclimatic reconstructions play an on the binary representation of wood important role in improving our anatomical structure. By eliminating color understanding of past climate and the and measuring anatomical density, the most climatically sensitive blue intensity (BI) substantial drawbacks of traditional scanner- parameter is gradually gaining prominence based BI, including sample surface as a more affordable and accessible discoloration biases, are bypassed and hence alternative to classical X-ray densitometric climate signal optimization is achieved by measurements. Yet the accurate repre- more accurately representing low-frequency sentation of low-frequency trends and high- climatic trends and high-frequency frequency extremes using scanner-based BI extremes. Continued development of these measurements remains a challenge due to high-resolution imaging and image proce- color-related biases and resolution limi- ssing techniques, which show promise in tations. As part of the REPLICATE project, overcoming both color biases and resolution which aims to develop robust high-quality issues, will aid the attainment of unbiased multi-parameter reconstructions of East- long chronologies. These improvements Central European temperatures from may ultimately contribute to developing Norway spruce tree rings, recent metho- higher-quality tree-ring-based paleoclimatic dological advances in sample surface records and more accurate climate preparation, imaging and measurement reconstructions. techniques have produced measurements
99 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / oral presentations
Recovering shifts in drought imprints from tree growth to understand the vulnerability to dieback
C. Valeriano1, A. Gazol1, M. Colangelo1,2, E. González de Andrés1 and J. J. Camarero1
1Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC), Avda. Montañana 1005, E-50192 Zaragoza, Spain 2School of Agricultural, Forest, Food and Environmental Sciences, Univ. Basilicata, Potenza I- 85100, Italy [email protected]
Forest dieback caused by drought is a global and the two vigor classes showed a growth phenomenon affecting biomes worldwide. divergence prior to the dieback onset and Affected tree stands show a pronounced loss different responsiveness to climate. Non- of leaves, growth decline and high mortality declining trees were more responsive to in response to extreme climate events such changes in spring water balance and soil as heat waves and droughts. However, moisture than D trees in one site. Such dieback events do not uniformly affect interaction between water availability and stands with some trees showing higher tree vigor was reflected by the VS-model vulnerability than other neighboring simulations which showed that D trees tend conspecifics. We investigated if trees to grow more and that growth os mainly showing different vulnerability to dieback limited by low soil moisture. However, in showed lower growth rates and higher the second site ND and D trees showed sensitivity to climate by using similar growth rates and responses to dendroecology and the Vaganov-Shashkin climate indicating all trees were chronically (VS) process-based model. We studied two stressed regardless their recent vigor status. Pinus pinasterstands showing recent The presented comparisons indicate intrinsic dieback in the Iberian System, north-eastern differences in growth responses to soil Spain. We compared coexisting declining moisture between co-occurring trees and (D) and non-declining (ND) trees with different stand vulnerability to drought crown defoliation values above and below contingent on site conditions and individual the 50% threshold, respectively. The mean features. growth rate was lower in D than in ND trees
100 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / oral presentations
High-frequency stable isotope signals in uneven-aged forests as proxy for physiological responses to climate in Central Europe
V. Vitali1, S. Klesse2,5, R. Weigt1, 3, K. Treydte1, D. Frank1,4, M. Saurer1,3, R. T. W. Siegwolf1,3 1Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Forest Dynamics, CH- 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland 2Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Swiss Forest Protection, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland 3Paul Scherrer Institute, Ecosystem Fluxes Group, Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, CH- 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland 4University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, Tucson, AZ, USA 5Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Forest Resources and Management, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland [email protected]
Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica are found no significant differences between important tree species in Europe, but their dominant and suppressed trees in the physiological performance under climate response of stable isotope ratios to climate change at temperate sites is not yet fully variability. Additionally, we observed a understood. We, investigated tree-ring width strikingly high coherence of the high- and stable isotope chronologies (δ13C/δ18O) frequency δ18O variations across long at 10 sites in Central Europe. In these distances with significant correlations above uneven-aged stands, we compared the year- 1500 km, while the spatial agreement of δ13C to-year variability of dominant and variations was weaker (~700 km). We suppressed trees for the last 80 years in observed a significant enrichment of either relation to the sites’ spatial distribution and or both isotope ratios over the last decades, climate. indicating a general climate-driven decrease in stomatal conductance. This improved 18 13 The high-frequency signal of δ O and δ C understanding of the physiological mecha- were generally consistent across sites and nisms controlling the short-term variation of species, showing high sensitivity to summer the isotopic signature will help to define the VPD, whereas radial growth correlations performance of these tree species under varied depending on mean climate. We future climate.
101 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / oral presentations
Evaluating the dendroclimatological potential of Blue Intensity on conifer species from Australasia
R. Wilson1, K. Allen2, P. Baker2, S. Blake3, G. Boswijk4, B. Buckley5, E. Cook5, R. D’Arrigo5, D. Druckenbrod6, A. Fowler4, M. Grandjean1, P. Krusic7, J. Palmer3
1School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of St. Andrews, United Kingdom 2School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, University of Melbourne, 500 Yarra Boulevard, Richmond 3121, Australia 3School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia 4Tree-Ring Laboratory, School of Environment, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand 5Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Palisades, New York 10964, USA 6Department of Geological, Environmental, and Marine Sciences, Rider University, 2083 Lawrenceville Rd, Lawrenceville, NJ, 08648, USA 7Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK [email protected]
We evaluate a range of Blue Intensity (BI) the sign of the relationship for many species tree-ring parameters on eight conifer species (i.e. five out of the eight species) is opposite (12 sites) from Tasmania and New Zealand to that reported for all conifer species in the for their dendroclimatic potential and also as Northern Hemisphere. DB performed well surrogate wood anatomical (WA) proxies. for the Tasmanian sites but explained Using a limited dataset of ca. 10-15 trees per minimal temperature variance in New site, we measured earlywood maximum blue Zealand. Using the full multi-species/ reflectance intensity (EWB), latewood parameter network, excellent summer minimum blue reflectance intensity (LWB) temperature calibration was identified for and the associated Delta Blue Intensity (DB) both Tasmania and New Zealand ranging parameter for dendrochronological analysis. from 52% to 78% explained variance, with No resin extraction was performed, equally robust independent validation potentially impacting low frequency trends. (Coefficient of Efficiency = 0.41 to 0.77). Therefore, we focused only on the high Comparison of the Tasmanian BI frequency signal by detrending all tree-ring reconstruction with a WA reconstruction and climate data using a 20-year cubic shows that these parameters record smoothing spline. All BI parameters express essentially the same strong high frequency low relative variance and weak signal summer temperature signal. Despite these strength compared to ring-width. excellent results, a substantial challenge Correlation analysis and principal exists with the capture of potential secular component regression experiments scale climate trends. Although DB, band- identified a mixed climate response for most pass and other signal processing methods ring-width chronologies. Despite the weak may help with this issue, more signal strength, strong calibrations with experimentation, in conjunction with summer temperatures were noted for the comparative analysis with maximum EWB data for most sites. Significant latewood density and WA measurements, is correlations for LWB were also noted, but needed. 102 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / poster presentations
Tree-ring stable isotopes variations after major volcanic eruptions
T. Arosio1,2, M. M. Ziehmer1,2, K. Nicolussi3, C. Schlüchter4, M. Leuenberger1,2 1Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland 2Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland 3Department of Geography, Universität Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria 4Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland 5Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4051 Basel, Switzerland [email protected]
The precise tree-ring widths (TRW) with those of 5y resolution available in the annual resolution have already been widely Eastern Alps Conifer Chronology. The δ18O used to investigate climate variations values detected a climatic variation after following major volcanic eruptions of the Tambora, but not after Katla eruption. A last centuries. The stable isotopes of tree- significant correlation was found between rings are known to be climatic proxies the cellulose δ18O and the summer complementary to TRW, yet there are only temperature records of HISTALP database limited studies available using stable tree- (period 1800-2010). The analysis was ring isotopes to trace climate variability after extended to the eruptions of one tropical and volcanic eruptions. To study which of the one Icelandic volcano using the 5-year stable isotopes carries information of the resolutions data of the alpine database. This climate changes driven by eruptions we confirmed that δ18O values, but not δD and analysed the isotope values of cellulose from δ13C values, were partially sensitive to the trees living in the periods around the eruptions. In conclusion our data indicate eruption of the tropical Tambora volcano that cellulose δ18O values can provide eruption of 1815 CE and of the Icelandic significant information on the climatic Katla volcano eruptions of 720-780 CE. The variations following strong volcanic δ18O data with annual resolutions overlapped eruptions.
103 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / poster presentations
Changes in the growth rates of trees in Eastern North America accounting for the fitness – suitability hypothesis
M. Bernal-Escobar1, D. Zuleta2, K. J. Feeley1, 3 1Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables FL, USA 2Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA 3Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Coral Gables, FL, USA [email protected]
Some studies show increasing tree growth these SDMs to estimate changes in climatic rates through time while others show suitability for each tree population from decreasing tree growth rates. According to 1915 to 1995 using the CRU TS3.10 historic the fitness-suitability hypothesis, trees climatic databases. Lastly, we assessed the growing in areas where conditions are relationships between tree growth becoming more favourable through time (correcting for tree size and ontogeny) and should increase in growth whereas trees climatic suitability using linear mixed growing in areas where conditions are models accounting for species and site-level becoming less favourable through time effects. We found that climate suitability has should decrease in growth despite increasing a positive effect on tree growth rates but that CO2. We calculated tree growth rates for tree growth rates are tending to decrease thousands of trees of 39 species at 595 through time regardless of changes in locations throughout Eastern North America suitability. These results indicate that based on tree-ring data available in the changes in climate suitability are important International Tree Ring Data Bank for driving patterns of tree growth, but that (ITRDB). For each species, we created changes in other climatic and environmental species distribution models (SDMs) based factors that are not included in our study on available occurrence locations in the may be having negative impacts on tree Botanical Information and Ecology Network growth, outweighing any potential benefit of (BIEN) and the Global Biodiversity increasing CO2. Information Facility (GBIF). We then used
104 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / poster presentations
The role of adventitious roots in the analysis of the modern aeolian processes activity in the temperate climate zone; A case study of "Kozłowska desert", SW Poland
P. Grzeskowiak1, P. Owczarek1 1Institute of Geography and Regional Development , University of Wroclaw, Poland [email protected]
A spatiotemporal reconstruction of inland differences in reaction of adventitious roots dune movements at the anthropogenic of pine and birch to burial, both in reaction „Kozlowska desert”, SW Poland, is time and shape of the root system. We found presented. This unique sandy area with the evidence in growth-ring widths and wood assemblages of aeolian forms typical for anatomy of sudden or multi-stage sand “true” desert is an inactive military training movement which confirms usefulness of ground (liquidated in 1992) where military adventitious roots as an additional source of actions led to the initiation of geomorphic information about aeolian processes activity. processes. The reconstruction were carried Based on these data, we recommend to use a out by means of growth reaction combination of methods and compare data characteristics of Scots pine (Pinus from the roots to the data from the stems. sylvestris L.) and downy birch (Betula This will more accurately and more reliably pubescens L.) trees. 14 increment cores from assess the dynamic and activity of 12 trees were collected and analyzed landforming processes. We also indicate the following standard dendrochronological need for further research on the use of techniques. Samples of adventitious roots adventitious root in the dating of from all examined trees were collected and geomorphic processes especially from the prepared to extend the analyses and check changes of wood anatomy and root their usefulness in dating modern morphology point of view. geomorphic processes. Results show
105 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / poster presentations
Masting creates sex-specific growth patterns in Araucaria araucana tree-rings
A. J. Hacket-Pain1, M.A. Hadad2, F. A. Roig3, J. G.A. Molina3 1Department of Geography and Planning, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK 2Laboratorio de Dendrocronología de Zonas ´Aridas CIGEOBIO (CONICET-UNSJ), Gabinete de Geología Ambiental (INGEO-UNSJ), San Juan, Argentina 3Laboratorio de Dendrocronología e Historia Ambiental, IANIGLA-CCT CONICET- Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina [email protected]
Araucaria araucanais a dioecious growth of females was strongly and evergreen conifer endemic to temperate significantly reduced relative to male trees. forests of South America. It is a long-lived A growth response of similar magnitude was species (maximum age > 1000 years), with found in male trees in the previous year, high potential for tree-ring based climate corresponding to the year of pollination. The reconstructions. However, the species’ sex-specific growth responses associated dioecious habit (individuals are either male with mast events resulted in a strong and or female) is associated with distinct sex- distinct signal in a RWImale–RWIfemale specific growth patterns. This introduces chronology. novel challenges in the interpretation of their tree-ring chronologies. Despite masting-related differences, male and female tree-ring chronologies shared a We used a network of 10 chronologies from strong common climate signal. Our results northwest Patagonia (Argentina) to analyse indicate that sex-specific tree-ring signals sex-specific growth patterns inA. Araucana. can be leveraged to isolate mast events in A. For the first time, we show that differences araucanachronologies, providing an in the growth patterns of male and female opportunity to develop multi-century trees resulted from their contrasting reconstructions of large mast events, and responses to mast events (years with high improve dendroclimatic calibration for this seed production). During mast events, the species.
106 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / poster presentations
The comparison of Gompertz function, general additive models and artificial neural networks for modeling xylem and phloem formation
J. Jevšenak1, J. Gričar1, P. Prislan2 1Department of Forest Yield and Silviculture, Slovenian Forestry Institute, Slovenia 2Department of Forest Technique and Economics, Slovenian Forestry Institute, Slovenia [email protected]
One of the crucial steps in seasonal radial predefined parameter search grid, therefore growth analyses is to model the dynamics of initial parameter values are not required. We xylem and phloem formation based on intra- tested the newly developed function on annual observations of growth ring intra-seasonal xylem and phloem formation formation. The most common approach is data from three different tree species with the use of Gompertz equation, while other different data (number of cells or increment approaches, such as general additive models widths), site characteristics and climatic (GAMs) and generalized linear models conditions: European beech (Fagus (GLMs), have also been tested in recent sylvatica), Norway spruce (Picea abies)and years. In our study, we explored artificial pubescent oak (Quercus pubescens). neural networks with Bayesian Different approaches were evaluated in regularization algorithm (BRNNs) to terms of explained variance and accuracy of evaluate the seasonal patterns of radial tree estimated onset and cessation of wood growth. In addition, we also tested a formation. In addition, the fitted curves were modified GAM approach that allows more visually evaluated to derive their main flexible fits. The main result of our work is a characteristics. Our results suggest that there function implemented in the R environment is no single fitting method that always gives that can be used to quickly evaluate and the best results, therefore we recommend compare three modelling approaches: always testing different fitting methods and BRNN, GAM and Gompertz function. only then selecting the optimal one. Importantly, the Gompertz function has a
107 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / poster presentations
Effects of disturbance on chronology structure of tree ring width and blue intensity in central-eastern European Norway spruce
Y. M. Jiang1, K. Begović1, J. S. Schurman1, M. Svoboda1, M. Rydval1
1Department of forest ecology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic [email protected]
Tree radial growth is influenced by various among RW chronologies of different sample climatic and non-climatic factors. We sets and RW chronologies composed of a investigated the influence of disturbance on relatively small number of samples are most the structure of tree ring width (RW) and susceptible to the effects of disturbance. The blue intensity (BI) chronologies of Norway Curve Intervention Detection (CID) method spruce from the Carpathian mountains to can help to identify and remove disturbance explore the extent to which disturbance trends and improve the expression of the affects the expression of the climate signal in climate signal in RW chronologies. tree rings. Overall, 15122 high-elevation However, this treatment can also lead to Norway spruce tree cores from 35 stands over-correction in some cases. BI grouped into 4 sub-regions (Slovakia, chronologies appeared to be mostly Ukraine, North and South Romania) were unaffected by disturbance with minimal collected and assessed. Chronology structure differences been observed. These structure comparisons were performed at results indicate that the influence of non- regional and stand level among chronologies climatic (disturbance) factors on tree ring of both parameters developed from 3 time series should be considered when subgroups: undisturbed, disturbance- undertaking dendroclimatic research, uncorrected (pre-CID), disturbance- especially involving the reconstruction of corrected (post-CID). Growth-climate past climatic conditions. Blue intensity is a relationships of stands with obvious promising alternative tree ring parameter for chronology structure variations between dendroclimatological studies with a subgroups were compared. Results show structure seemingly unaffected by that effects of disturbance can be observed disturbance.
108 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / poster presentations
Exploring Blue Intensity as a climate proxy ofBetula utilis in the Central Himalayas, Nepal
R. J. Kaczka1, N. Schwab2, J. Böhner2, R. P. Chaudhary3, T. Scholten4, U. Schickhoff2
1Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Czechia 2Physical Geography, Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability (CEN), University ofHamburg,Germany 3Centre for Applied Science and Technology (ReCAST), Tribhuvan University, Nepal 4Department of Geosciences, Chair of Soil Science and Geomorphology, University of Tübingen, Germany [email protected]
Himalayan birch (Betula utilis D. Don; resulted in highly complex and variable BEUT) is one of the most frequent tree growth-climate responses. These previous species of treeline ecotones across the results show that growth of BEUT is often Himalayan mountain range, occurring affected by drought while temperature also together with e.g., Himalayan Silver Fir plays an important role. Additionally, the (Abies spectabilis(D. Don) Spach) or as xylem anatomical responses emphasised the predominant . Therefore, studies of growth importance of carry-over effects for both, and dendroclimatology of Himalayan birch precipitation and temperature. The use of are crucial for better understanding how broadleaved tree species’ Blue Intensity Himalayan and other treeline ecotones, react (BI), a tree-ring parameter strongly related to recent climate change. Bhattacharyya et to wood density is still in experimental al. (2006), Dawadi et al. (2013), and Liang stage. Recent results prove the possibility of et al. (2014) demonstrated possibilities of deriving coherent and independent of tree- building multi-century chronologies with ring width climate signals. Therefore we the potential for climate reconstruction. explored the dendroclimatic potential of However, both traditional tree-ring width Betula utilis BI. Here we present results of based (Bhattacharyya et al., 2006; Liang et this first attempt to measure and analyse BI al., 2014; Dawadi et al. 2013, Tiwari et al. of birch samples from trees growing at ca. 2017, Gaire et al. 2017) and 3700 - 4000 m a.s.l. in the Rolwaling Valley, methodologically more sophisticated studies Gaurishankar Conservation Area, Dolakha analysing wood anatomy (Pandey et al. 2018 District, East Central Nepal. ) and stable isotopes (Pandey et al. 2020)
109 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / poster presentations
Radial growth response ofPinus sylvestrisL. andFagus sylvaticaL. to technological solutions appplied in rope climbing parks
W. Kraj1, G. Szewczyk2, M. Zarek1, R. Wąsik2, B. Bednarz1 1Department of Forest Ecosystems Protection, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Poland 2Department of Forest Utilization Engineering and Forest Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow [email protected]
Industrial research and development work analysis of tree-ring widths concerned the were carried out to develop a new arboreal years 2010-2016 (before the assembly of the platform with a non-invasive tree fastening platforms) and 2017-2020 (after assembling system. The main disadvantages of the of the platform). A decrease in the radial standard platform fastening system are trees growth after platform installation was injuries, lack of universality, "mobility" and demonstrated. Significant differences multifunctionality. The health and vitality of between these periods for all tree groups on 20% to 50% of the trees on which platforms plot B and trees with standard platforms on are installed are significantly reduced and plot C were demonstrated. Pine trees with lead trees to be cut. The research was the designed platforms on both research carried out on European beech and Scots plots (A and C) showed the highest value of pine trees at four research plots in two the growth index in the period 2017-2020, climatic zones within the period 2017 to while beech trees with this platforms 2020. Wood samples were taken from the expressed the lower growth index in this examined trees at the dbh level with the period. It is important to conduct further Pressler drill. Samples were collected from research over a longer period of time in three groups of trees at each plot: a) trees order to finally assess the impact of the with a new designed platform, b) trees with designed platforms on the vitality of trees. a standard platform, c) reference trees. The
110 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / poster presentations
Evaluation of the Vaganov-Shashkin model in a temperate, mesic forest with high precission input data
M. Miltscheff-Petroff1, L. Schneider1 1Department of Geographie, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany [email protected]
The Vaganov-Shashkin model (VSM) has (i) observational data or (ii) with output proven its skill to simulate real-world tree- from a more complex hydrological model. ring width chronologies at many different Our results reveal that VSM is able to sites in various tree line ecotones. We test reproduce local tree growth considerably VSM to model tree-growth in a temperate, well (r1947-2018 = 0.55) and that it benefits mesic forest where growth is often significantly from on-site meteorological controlled by multiple climatic and several data (Δr = 0.05). Particularly, years in which non-climatic factors such as management or growth is limited by drought stress are less competition. In contrast to many tree line well captured if the closest accredited sites, this challenging setting in central meteorological station (15 km distance) is Germany provides plenty of additional used instead. However, the estimates for the environmental data. An on-site weather trees’ water supply cannot be improved with station and several hydrological parameters local observational data, indicating monitored for up to 8 years allow us to uncertainties in the soil moisture supply VSM with high precision input data measurements or in the thresholds that represent the tree site very well. After implemented in VSM. To better understand transferring the model into the Python this mismatch we intend to compare environment, we exchanged the “leaky simulated tree growth with dendrometer data bucket model” which is the model’s that are currently collected in this forest. hydrological subroutine and replaced it with
111 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / poster presentations
Non-destructive dendrochronological analysis of Norway spruce at the wood auction 2020 in Slovenia
K. Novak1, A. Straže1, K. Čufar1
1University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Wood Science and Technology, Ljubljana, Slovenia [email protected]
On auction of valuable wood assortments section along the diameter, to get the tree 2020 in Slovenia we developed non- rings visible. We fixed scale bars at the destructive protocol for dendrochrono- beginning of two radius, and captured digital logical sampling of Norway spruce logs. The photographs, the first form A scale bar from assortments at the auction correspond to the bark to pith and the second from B scale bar first log of the tree. Common approach is to from bark to pith. The photos were saved extract the samples at the breast height, with the corresponding number of logs being this point the most representative for indicating A and B sample, and later used for three characterization. The assortments at analysis with CDendro & CooRecorder 9.6 the auction offered for timber, veneer, program for crossdating, tree-ring widths musical instruments, reach very high prices, measuring and chronology construction. and it is not desirable to damage them. From 80 logs sampled, 59 were successfully Therefore, the most suitable place is on the analysed and included into dataset, transversal section at the end of the log. containing from 79 till 166 tree rings. We Since the log’s lengths varied, we focused on measured also acoustic signals, collected 4 to 4,5 m long to obtain homogeneous and volumetric and economic data, which comparable dendrochronological dataset. together with the dendroecological dataset With hand-held cordless trimmer we cut 25 can be useful to characterize wood quality mm wide and 5m deep groove on transversal parameters.
112 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / poster presentations
Detrending methods applied to Ocotea porosa (Nees & Mart) Barroso trees
D. O. Silva1, V. Klausner1, A. Prestes1
1Laboratório de Registros Naturais, Instituto de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (IP&D), Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, Brazil [email protected]
The tree-ring study allows us to infer environmental do-Paraná). In the pine sub-forests, it constitutes the conditions and geophysical phenomena in the past, most abundant tree, being commonly found from 6 to such as, records of temperature and precipitation, fire 20 adult Imbuias per hectare. Imbuia is possibly the history, cyclones etc. Tree growth occurs due to longest-lived tree species in the “araucaria forest”, several psychological and biochemical factors. To and it can exceed 500 years of lifetime. Its area of this end, it is necessary to consider the biological occurrence coincides with the humid climate without factors (internal factors), such as the natural growth dry season and with average annual temperatures trend of the species, when we are interpreting data ~18°C. Anatomically in cross section of the wood, from tree rings. To analyse external influence signals the presence of distinct growth layers is observed. It in the time series it required to remove the natural is characterized by the flattening of the fibres in the growth trend in order to maximize the external late wood, with cell walls that gradually thicken in signals (low-frequency variation). Statistical methods the radial direction. At the boundaries between the can be applied in the tree-ring time series, this tree ring growths, there is a sudden transition from application is known as detrending or cells with thick walls to those with thin walls which standardization. The choice of the detrending method characterize the initial wood of the next ring. Aiming will depend on the purpose of the study, because it at the importance of choosing the best method of will influence in the interpretation of the tree-ring detrending for the series of tree rings, this work data. Some species have been worked on by applied two methods to remove the tendency of dendrochronologists historically, however, the natural growth of trees (detrending). The Polynomial introduction of new species to these studies can and Linear Model (PLM) and the Regional Curve significantly contribute to obtaining results on the Standardization method (RCS) were the chosen climatic dynamics of different regions. The Ocotea methods. Does the PLM calculate an exponential or porosa (Nees & Mart) Barroso tree belongs to the linear curve that obtains the smallest possible error, Lauraceae family, and it is known as Imbuia. This and perform a subtraction and a division (to compare) specie can reach heights of 10 to 20 meters, and an from the original series, to remove the natural growth average of diameter at breast height (DBH) between trend of tree samples, in order to obtain the tree-ring 50 to 150 centimetres. In adulthood, the height values indices. In the RCS the arithmetic mean of the can reach up to 30 meters, and the DBH of 320 measurements is used to produce an average curve centimetres or more. However, Imbuia is not very per year, and then it uses a 67\% spline to obtain a less used in dendrochronology studies, but some works noisy curve. The results showed that the RCS method already address its dendrochronological potential. obtained better results, compared to the STD if the Imbuia is natural-born in the following Brazilian main goal is the preservation and interpretation of states: Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, long-timescale variance in tree-ring chronologies, Santa Catarina and São Paulo, between latitudes other methods, end up removing part of those long- 22$^\circ$30'S (RJ) and 29$^\circ$50'S (RS), and it timescale variance, and consequently, are not highly is associated with Araucaria angustifolia (Pinheiro- recommended for dendroclimatic studies.
113 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / poster presentations
Relating growth, wood anatomy and microdensity to carbon and water cycling along an 8-year rotation ofEucalyptus grandis
M. T. Quintilhan1, J. Guillemot2,3,4, L. Santini Jr5, D. R. O. Rodriguez2, G. Cesilio2, Y. Nouvellon3,4, G. Chaix3, M. Tommasiello Filho2 1Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas – UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, 13083-970 2Universidade de São Paulo, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Department of Forest Resource; Av. Pádua Dias N° 11, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil, 13418-900 3CIRAD, UMR Eco&Sols, 34060 Montpellier, France 4Eco&Sols, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, IRD, Montpellier SupAgro, 34060 Montpellier, France 5Hémera Centro de Observación de la Tierra, Escuela de Ingeniería Forestal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Huechuraba, Santiago, Chile [email protected]
Wood productivity of fast-growing eucalypt 8-years full rotation ofEucalyptus grandis plantations is expected to be strongly plantation. A destructive 30 trees-wood affected by climate change. A better biomass sampling was conducted within the understanding of the trees physiological footprint of the EUCFLUX flux tower mechanisms underlying biogeochemical (Itatinga-SP , Brazil). Eucalyptus trees trunk cycling and productivity is thus needed to diameter inventories conducted along the anticipate and mitigate the aftermaths of whole rotation were used to determined climate change on plantation functioning. annual and intra-annual growth rings The retrospective analysis of eucalypt trees thickness. Wood microscopic structure was growth, wood anatomy and microdensity evaluated using long histological sections can bring important knowledge on tree (Core-microtome) and microdensity profiles physiology. In addition, the extent to which (X-ray, Faxitron). Eddy covariance carbon these data relate to water and carbon cycling and water fluxes, soil water content, soil at the ecosystem level remains unclear. In water table dynamic and particular, other processes such as soil meteorological variables were obtained respiration and evaporation, direct climate along the whole rotation from the effects on cambial activity or changes in EUCFLUX project. The climate variables within-tree carbon allocation could and carbon and water fluxes presented a complicate the interpretation of wood-based strong correlation with the eucalyptus data. Here, we aimed to relate growth, wood growth rings. The dendroecological study of anatomy and microdensity to eddy eucalyptus is possible and critical for the covariance carbon and water fluxes along an proper management of these forests.
114 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / poster presentations
Inter growth-rings variability and relationship of wood density and chemical traces in Amazonian tropical species
D. R. Ortega Rodriguez1, A. Hevia2,3, R. Sánchez-Salguero2, F. Roig4, M. Tomazello-Filho1
1Department of Forest Resource, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil 2DendrOlavide-Dept. Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y Naturales, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Spain 3Departamento de Ciencias Agroforestales, Universidad de Huelva, Spain 4Argentine Institute of Nivology, Glaciology and Environmental Sciences (IANIGLA, CONICET), Argentina [email protected]
In tropical tree species, the structure of patterns that allowed to delimit and growth rings has been scarcely explored by characterize the boundaries of annual complementary physical and chemical growth rings. Our results showed significant parameters. Here, we analyse the correlations between tree-ring formation relationships among wood density features process and intra- and inter- annual changes and tree-ring chemical elements (S, K, Ca, in density, Ca, K and Mn as markers of Mn) involved in the annual ring formation of seasonality and showing species-specific 12 tropical tree species of Brazilian Amazon patterns. The anatomical characterization forest. Transversal wood sections were used and the developed of density and chemical for each species to determine tree ring profiles in tropical Amazonian species distinction and X-ray densitometry represent a valuable proxy to improve the (physical) and X-ray fluorescence definition of ring-boundaries and the (chemical). The profiles of wood density, Ca understanding of seasonal growth patterns in and Mn, showed intra- and inter-annual other moist tropical forests.
115 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / poster presentations
Climatic context of a millennium-long 'Blue Ring' chronology from Bristlecone Pine and its potential as a record of volcanic forcing on climate
L. Siekacz1, M. Salzer2, C. Pearson2, M. Koprowski1 1Department of Ecology and Biogeography, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Poland 2Laboratory of Tree Ring Research, University of Arizona, USA [email protected]
'Blue Rings' (BRs) are distinct wood with 58% of blue rings is noted in 1200CE. anatomical anomalies recently discovered in Acidity peak in 1200CE is so far recorded several tree species. Previous studies only in Greenland ice-cores suggesting connect their occurrence to lower than northern hemisphere high latitude eruption, normal temperatures during the cell wall but strong BR signal would suggest a lignification phase of xylogenesis. Cell wall broader climatic significance of this event. It lignification usually continues after radial is interesting to note that BRs were indicated growth is completed, after the growth in 69% of samples in 1884, relating to the season. Therefore, systematic analysis of known eruption and associated climate blue rings can add another level of time impact of Krakatoa (1883), yet no BRs were resolution to dendroclimatic studies. BRs observed in 1816, the so-called year without are also more sensitive temperature a summer which followed the largest recorders than frost rings which require historically noted and well described freezing temperatures to form. We present a eruption of Tambora, Indonesia (1815). We continuous chronology of blue rings in did find a strong BR signal in 1809 (with North American bristlecone pine from the BRs continuing in 1810 and 1811) following White Mountains (California) covering the an unidentified but prominent eruption seen last millennium and their connections to in ice core records. The 1809 and 1815 volcanic eruptions known both from historic eruptions are thought to be responsible for and ice core records. Additionally we the cold decade from 1810 to 1819 thought present climatic context of BR occurrence by some to be the coldest decade of the last for the period since 1895 when modelled 500ys. The source of 1809 eruption remains surface temperatures are available for the unknown and scientific debate over the scale grid cell pertaining to the study area location of the eruption continues, but bipolar acidity (4km spatial resolution, from PRISM peaks in ice cores point to a tropical eruption Climate Group, Oregon State University). with widespread sulfate distribution to both Most recorded BR years coincide with hemispheres and tephra in ice cores points to cooling following large volcanic eruptions. two coinciding high latitude eruptions of The three most prominent events during the only regional prominence. The BR record last 1000 years, with the highest share of supports 1809 CE as an event of global blue rings in bristlecone pine are at: 1453, climatic significance illustrating the capacity 1601 and 1884CE (83%, 91%, 69% of blue for BRs to capture cooling events with even rings respectively), attributed to known higher time resolution and of smaller eruptions of Kuawe (attribution still magnitude than frost ring records, TRW or debated) 1452CE -Vanuatu, Huaynaputina MXD studies, to help better investigate and 1600CE – Peru, and Krakatoa 1883CE - understand the impacts of volcanism on Indonesia. Fourth most prominent event climate and society.
116 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / poster presentations
Exploring the spatial extent of the climate signal in aPinus heldreichii Blue Intensity chronology from Southeastern Europe
N. Tsvetanov1, E. Dolgova2, M. Meko3, V. Trouet3, M. Panayotov1 1Dendrology Department, University of Forestry, Sofia, Bulgaria 2Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia 3Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, USA [email protected]
Tree rings from long-living tree species are summer temperatures in the NW Europe. one of the most valuable paleo-climate For summer precipitation and drought archives. Often the best correlations with the indices (PDSI and SPEI), we found climate parameters of interest, especially significant negative correlations for the summer temperature, are found for Maximum latewood density (MXD). A Balkan region. The correlations with the potential easier and more affordable 300mb geopotential height pressure were surrogate for MXD is Blue intensity (BI). positive for the summer for SE Europe and We explore the spatial correlations with negative for NW Europe. The results were climate parameters of a novel BI chronology similar for both the Latewood BI from Bosnian pine (Pinus heldreichii Christ) chronologies and Delta BI chronologies. in the Pirin Mountains, Bulgaria. The tree These chronologies also had strong species is among the longest-living in Europe, currently holding the record of 1230 correlations (r>0.70, reaching 0.88) with years and has been demonstrated to be a previously composed MXD series from the good archive of past climate variation. same locations, which were stable over the We found strong positive correlations common period of the last several hundred (r>0.6) between our BI chronology and July- years (1600-2009). Our results demonstrate August temperatures (mean and maximum) good potential to contribute to the over SE Europe expanding from understanding of past climate variation in approximately 10°E to 40°E and 35°N to Europe by constructing long and robust BI 50°N. The correlations were negative with chronologies fromPinus heldreichii.
117 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / video presentations dendRoAnalyst: A package to process and analyse time- series dendrometer data
S. Aryal1, M. Häusser1, J. Grießinger1, Z. Fan2, A. Bräuning1 1Institute of Geography, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Wetterkreuz 15 91058 Erlangen Germany 2Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, China [email protected]
Dendrometers are vital for studying the gaps of recordings and changes in the response of trees to intra-annual resolution of data due to different temporal environmental changes in different temporal resolutions. Furthermore, the package resolutions, ranging from several hours, to calculates daily statistics of dendrometer days or weeks. Recently, the use of data, including the daily amplitude of tree dendrometer has been increasing in forest growth. Both SC and ZG approaches are management and tree physiological studies. used to separate radial growth from daily Besides the data analysis, data processing is cyclic shrinkage and expansion due to also challenging due to the huge number of uptake and loss of stem water. In SC measurements generated by self-registering approach, the package categorizes the electronic dendrometers. There are two dendrometer data in three phases namely major approaches to analyze dendrometer shrinkage, expansion and radial increment data: 1) the Stem-cycle approach (SC), and while in the ZG approach it classifies the 2) the Zero-growth approach (ZG). We data into two categories, namely tree-water present a package ‘dendRoAnalyst’ based deficiency (TWD) and radial growth (GRO). on R statistical software to process and Additionally, it generates a data frame with analyze dendrometer data using both records of the beginning, ending, duration, approaches. This package offers algorithms magnitude and various other statistics of for managing and cleaning data before the each phase. This package is intended to application of different approaches. This facilitate researchers with collection of includes identifying and erasing sudden functions for the complete study (from jumps in dendrometer data not related to processing to analysis) of dendrometer data. environmental change, identifying the time
118 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / video presentations
A new interdisciplinary approach to illustrate climate change on forest ecosystems
A. Bräuning1, T. Mölg1, J. C. Schubert1, A. Debel1, S. Höhnle1, B. Thieroff1, E. Collier1, S. Wehrmann1, K. Steppe2 1Institute of Geography, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany 2Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Belgium [email protected]
By combining climate modelling, transmission unit. School classes interpret dendroecology, and educational research the real-time tree reactions and on-site and their exchange of research data and weather data, and translate the current tree expertise, the composite project BayTreeNet responses into simple text messages via studies the local climate dynamics in a “Twitter”. All weather data, tree data, and unique interdisciplinary approach. By explanatory text messages are displayed on defining specific weather types and the project Homepagehttps://baytreenet.de . forecasting the probable frequency of these By comparing the different activities of trees specific weather types using a climate within the network, the local tree responses modelling approach, tree responses to to current weather conditions can be related current weather conditions can be calibrated, to specific weather types. E.g., during north- and forest responses to future occurrences of westerly winds, trees in basins in the rain weather patterns can be simulated. shadow of mountain ranges suffer from dry Moreover, for a better understanding of conditions, whereas trees growing at high- climate change and its impacts, the elevation sites exposed to the west receive educational research will utilise climate ample amounts of rainfall. These patterns modelling results as well as will change if the wind direction is reversed dendroecological findings to receive an under the prevalence of other weather types. empirically founded teaching concept. To Such an approach allows a deeper explain interconnections between macro understanding that climate change is more weather situations and forest ecosystems in than just a regional increase in temperatures, Bavaria, one approach will be to implement and ecosystem responses are controlled by internet-connected “talking trees”. Ten of more complex conditions. Therefore, not those trees accessible to the public are only students but also the public will be equipped with a sap flow sensor, a informed about the effects of concrete dendrometer, and an internet-based climate events on forest ecosystems.
119 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / video presentations
Detrending Tree-ring Widths in Closed-Canopy Forests for Dendroecology and Dendroclimatology
D. L. Druckenbrod1, E. R. Cook2, N. Pederson3 1Department of Geological, Environmental and Marine Sciences, Rider University, USA 2Tree Ring Laboratory of Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, USA 3Harvard Forest, Harvard University, USA [email protected]
Canopy disturbance events typically disturbance events. Time-series methods increase light availability within closed- have demonstrated the ability to both canopy forests resulting in the subsequent identify and isolate these disturbance rapid growth of surviving, released trees. signals, but they may not be more accurate Using chronologies of tree-ring widths, than radial-growth averaging and have not intervals of rapid growth may be detected been widely adopted because of their and reconstructed as indicators of these past complexity. We present a new, hybrid forcing events. Ecologically, these intervals approach to identifying and isolating canopy enable reconstructions of canopy disturbance signals in tree-ring widths using disturbance history and its impact on forest a combination of radial-growth averaging age, composition, and structure. and common dendroclimatic detrending Climatologically, these intervals represent methods. Using examples from deciduous noise that impede ring-width reconstructions forests in eastern North America, we show of past climate. Forest ecologists have how this method uses radial-growth developed radial-growth averaging methods averaging to detect release events and then to identify the frequency and magnitude of power transformation and age-dependent past canopy disturbance events, but these smoothing splines to separate a tree’s growth methods do not fully isolate the growth response to canopy disturbance from response as a discrete signal. Conversely, climate. This approach should be useful for dendroclimatic methods remove non- both dendroecologists and dendroclimato- climatic signals from chronologies but not in logists studying closed-canopy deciduous a manner that generally identifies the forests. frequency and severity of canopy
120 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / video presentations
Discovery of annual growth in a modern olive branch based on carbon isotopes and implications for the Bronze Age volcanic eruption of Santorini
Y. Ehrlich1, L. Regev1, E. Boaretto1 1D-REAMS Radiocarbon Laboratory, Scientific Archaeology Unit, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel [email protected]
The volcanic eruption of Santorini in the olive branch for the first time, using stable Bronze Age left detectable debris across the isotope analysis and high-resolution Mediterranean, serving as an anchor in time radiocarbon dating, identifying down to the for the region, synchronizing chronologies growing season in some years. The verified of different sites. However, dating the growth is largely visible by CT, both in the eruption has been elusive for decades, as branch’s fresh and charred forms. Although radiocarbon indicates a date about a century these results support the validity of the earlier than archaeological chronologies. Santorini branch date, we observed some The identification of annual rings by CT in a chronological anomalies in modern olive charred olive branch, buried alive beneath and simulated possible date range scenarios the tephra on Santorini, was key in of the volcanic eruption of Santorini, given radiocarbon dating the eruption, and a these observed phenomena. The results offer subject of long-standing debate, as no one a way to reconcile this long-standing debate ever proved the possibility of correctly towards a mid-sixteenth century BCE date. identify annual tree rings in olives. Here, we In addition, we report the radiocarbon detect a verified annual growth in a modern results of a c. 500 years old living olive tree.
121 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / video presentations
Integrating multiple-proxies from tree rings and speleo- thems to allow paleoclimate studies in Central Brazil using a unique set of subfossil wood
M. Godoy-Veiga1, G. M. Locosselli2, N. M. Stríkis3, L. Regev4, E. Boaretto4, F. W. Cruz5, G. Ceccantini1 1Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil 2Institute of Botany, São Paulo, Brazil 3Geochemistry Department, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil 4D-REAMS Radiocarbon Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel 5Institute of Geosciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil [email protected]
The last two thousand years were marked by trapped inside caves during flooding events. periods of abrupt changes that caused We selected trunks ofAmburana cearensis several impacts for societies such as the Late whose living trees have proven strong Antique Little Ice Age (LALIA), the Little common-growth and rainfall signals. High Ice Age (LIA) and the Current Warm Period frequency climate signal will then be (CWP). However, the exact effects in synchronized with records from local tropical regions remain unclear due to the speleothems to reconstruct conditions limitation of the available paleoclimate during key climatological periods. Based on records. Tree rings provide the most an extensive14 C dating, a subfossil sample accurate pre-instrumental information of covers the LALIA, two overlap during the environmental variability at annual LIA and one covers the first half of the 20th resolution, but the tropics lag behind century. Gaps between series will be because the tree-rings might not always be partially filled by old-growth individuals annual and clear. The construction of long and samples from historical sites. Our records using tree rings is another difficult attempt is to combine two proxies in order to task in the tropics where climate conditions produce a robust reconstruction of climate are not good for wood preservation. But conditions, that may reveal the impacts of ideal conditions were found in the karstic LALIA, LIA and the CWP in Central Brazil. regions from Central Brazil where trunks got
122 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / video presentations
Hydroclimate proxies using stable isotopes in grey mangr- oves(Avicennia marina)
M. Goodwin1, D. Verdon Kidd1, Q. Hua2, N. Brooks English3, H.A. Haines4,5,K. Allen6,7 1School of Environmental and Life Science, Faculty of Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia 2Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW, Australia 3School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Townsville, QLD, Australia 4Chronos14 Carbon Cycling Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Australia 5ARC Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage, University of New South Wales, Australia. 6School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, University of Melbourne, Richmond, VIC, Australia 7School of Geography and Spatial Science, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, TAS, Australia [email protected]
The search for high-resolution terrestrial rounded to the nearest calendar year and palaeoclimate records in Australia is averaged to produce mean δ18O and δ13C hindered by the scarcity of tree species series for the 1962-2016 period. Significant suitable for conventional dendrochronology. spearman correlations were found between However, novel analytical techniques have δ18O and rainfall, sea level, the Palmer made it possible to obtain climate Drought Severity Index (PDSI) and the El information from tree species that do not Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), whilst reliably form cross datable annual growth δ13C was related to temperature, vapour rings. This study aimed to determine pressure and evapotranspiration. These whether stable isotopes in the xylem wood insights provide new evidence that stable of grey mangroves (Avicennia marina) can isotope analysis of grey mangrove xylem be used as a proxy for local hydroclimate wood has the potential to yield valuable using correlation analysis. Bomb pulse information about past hydroclimates. Grey radiocarbon dating and simple age models mangroves can live for up to 800 years, are were used to estimate the age of each non- extremely common on the Australian coast annual growth layer in radial sequence, in and throughout the tropics and can provide stems from four mangrove trees in two important information regarding pre- adjacent riverine estuaries in New South instrumental hydroclimate in regions Wales, Australia. Stable isotope analyses of currently lacking high-resolution climate the four stems yielded values which were proxy records.
123 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / video presentations
Experiments in Portable Scanning as a Tool for Minimally Destructive Dendrochronological Sampling of Cypriot Wooden Cultural Heritage
B. Lorentzen1, S.W. Manning1, N. Bakirtzis2, M. Soyluoğlu2 1Department of Classics, Cornell University, USA 2Program in Science and Technology in Cultural Heritage, Cyprus Institute, Cyprus [email protected]
Traditional dendrochronological sampling as a relatively inexpensive tool for scanning methods for studying wooden cultural wooden cultural heritagein situ for heritage generally favor collecting physical dendrochronology. We highlight our work samples by cutting cross-sections or drilling on an ongoing dendrochronological project cores. While useful and necessary for analyzing painted wooden icons, religious analyses using radiocarbon dating and stable objects, and architectural timbers from isotope analysis, taking physical samples Byzantine-medieval churches and monu- may be prohibitively destructive on delicate, ments in Cyprus (many of which are rare, or sacred wood materials. Previous inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage dendrochronological studies have used X- List), in which we have measured, ray microtomography, CT scanning, and crossdated, and built long tree-ring chrono- flatbed scanners to generate high-resolution logies from samples collected using portable images of wood samples suitable for scanning methods alongside physical dendrochronological analysis as an sampling.Our results indicate that portable alternative to physical sampling. However, scanners are useful for minimally destru- these techniques may be cost prohibitive for ctive sampling but may not be suitable for some projects, or logistically impossible to wood with particularly narrow ring-growth implement for objects and structures in and micro-rings, or when a near-flat surface remote locations that cannot be cannot be prepared on the sample.We also disassembled or transported. address the utility of image-based dendro- chronology in continuing collaborative We report here on our experiments in, and international research projects during protocol derived from, using Doxie Flip, a pandemic-era travel restrictions. widely available portable document scanner,
124 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / video presentations
Blue rings and compression wood occurrence in trampled and non-trampled Scots pine roots
P. Matulewski1, A. Buchwal1, H. Gärtner2, A. M. Jagodziński3,4, K. Čufar5 1Institute of Geoecology and Geoinformation, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, B. Krygowskiego 10, 61-680 Poznań, Poland 2Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland 3Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035 Kórnik, Poland 4Poznań University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Department of Game Management and Forest Protection, Wojska Polskiego 71c, 60-625 Poznań, Poland 5Department of Wood Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia [email protected]
Tree-ring chronologies from roots, in trampling. In total 41 (91%) rings showing contrast to those from stems and branches, CW were noted for the common period have rarely been analysed. Moreover, our 1971-2015. 28 (62%) of the rings containing understanding of anatomical characteristics BRs were found in trampled roots. and radial growth of tree roots remains Differences in mean monthly climate data incomplete, especially in relation to were not significant between the years when ecological factors affecting root growth. For CW was formed or not. Whereas, mean that purpose, we aimed on performing a monthly temperatures for the rings showing quantitative analysis of radial growth and BRs were significantly lower in July (p = wood anatomical changes in tree roots. We 0.004), September (p = 0.021) and focused on compression wood (CW) and November (p = 0.027). Additionally, mean blue rings (BRs) in trampled and non- monthly precipitation was significantly trampled Pinus sylvestris roots from a hiking lower inApril (p = 0.025) and higher in July trail located in Brodnica Lakeland, NE (p < 0.001) for BRs years. Our study Poland. In total, 2,253 growth rings of 38 highlights altered growth of trampled roots root discs were analyzed. with a high share of BRs which opens new perspectives for future dendroecological Significant wood anatomical changes were studies on tree roots. revealed only in exposed roots subjected to
125 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / video presentations
Protocol for optimizing microcore processing for X-ray CT scanning workflow
V. Mihaila1,2, J. Van den Bulcke1, M. Campioli2 1Department of Environment, Gent University, Belgium 2Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Belgium [email protected]
Forest ecosystems represent one of the drying (CPD). A specialized metal sample largest carbon sinks on Earth, key in holder has been designed for this purpose. It mitigating climate change. In order to better can accommodate and transport multiple comprehend carbon sequestration, in the last microcores safely through different ethanol decades, scientists have used, among others, solutions containers, and at the end it fits increment cores and microcores to into the CPD device. Completely dried, the determine the impact of environmental samples are fixed into a modular sample drivers on wood growth and to study wood holder for batch X-ray CT scanning. The formation. For the latter cores, so far, modular nature of the sample holder makes destructive methods, which are time- it easy to handle and protect the samples consuming and labour-intensive, have been from mechanical shocks and mount them on used to acquire such information. This study, the scanner stage. The samples are later elaborating on the work of Lehnebach et al. reconstructed using an in-house batch (submitted) proposes an alternative, by reconstruction program. In conclusion, we developing a semi-automated protocol for present an efficient microcore processing X-ray computed tomography scanning to protocol which is highly needed for future optimize the sample preparation process and studies, where large amounts of samples are reduce the time spent on sample processing, analysed. It can be a great opportunity for scanning and reconstruction, without extensive spatio-temporal wood formation damaging the microcores. Before scanning, studies. samples have to be dried by critical point
126 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / video presentations
Mask, Train, Repeat! Artificial Intelligence for Quantitative Wood Anatomy
G. A. Resente1, M. Trouillier1, A. Anadon-Rosell1, A. Gillert2, G. von Arx3, M. Wilmking1 1Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University of Greifswald, Germany 2Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics Research IGD, Germany 3Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Switzerland [email protected] The recent developments in Artificial interface for the algorithm that also provides Intelligence (AI) have the potential to results on the accuracy of the output of facilitate various new research methods in automated cells detection. ecology. In particular, Deep Learning algorithms and Convolutional Neural Our results showed that, the algorithm can Networks (CNNs) have been shown to detect and measure cell areas with high outperform other approaches in automatic accuracy. As expected, the algorithm best image analyses. This makes them suitable performs with oak (96%), since the large for quantitative wood anatomical vessels are easier to detect. Beech and alder investigations, where the main challenges share a similar wood structure, therefore reside in the detection of a high number of show a similar performance (95%). Cell area cells, and in the intrinsic variability of the recognition of scots pine is close to the wood material. broadleaved species (95%), despite the higher ratio of cell per unit area. In general, To properly classify and interpret images, the number of undetected cells is very low algorithms need to undergo a training stage. (1.8-2.5%), and it is particularly associated We performed the training on some of the with small vessels or tracheids. Our research most common species in NE Germany: demonstrates that future software tools for Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Oak quantitative wood anatomy would greatly (Quercus robur L.), Beech (Fagus sylvatica benefit from using deep learning CNNs for L.) and Black alder (Alnus glutinosa L). the detection of tracheids, vessels or other Alongside, we created a user-friendly xylem features.
127 TRACE 2021: Cutting Edge Dendrochronology / video presentations
SLOCLIM: A new high-resolution daily gridded precipitation and temperature dataset for Slovenia
N. Škrk1, M. de Luis2, K. Čufar1, R. Serrano-Notivoli3 1Department of Wood Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia 2Department of Geography and Regional Planning and Environmental Sciences Institute (IUCA), University of Zaragoza, E-50009, Spain 3Department of Geography, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain [email protected]
We created a daily gridded dataset between the Mediterranean, Alpine and SLOCLIM, containing minimum and continental climate regimes and altitudes maximum temperatures and the amount of ranging from 0 - 2864 m a.s.l. precipitation with a resolution of 1 x 1 km The dataset is publicly available on Zenodo for the period 1950 to 2018 for Slovenia. We https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4108543. applied the methodology previously For the needs of various studies, including developed to create precipitation and the dendroecological and dendroclimato- temperature gridded datasets SPREAD and logical ones, we will present a web-page STEAD for Spain. A comprehensive quality with a user-friendly data transfer which control process based on the spatial enables downloading of climatic data per coherence of the data was applied to the selected grid point and time span. We will original dataset obtained from 174 demonstrate the use of gridded data in the meteorological stations, and missing values forest sites for which official meteorological were estimated independently for each day records are not available and discuss the and location. The methodology proved to be advantages of using the modelled daily useful to provide a high-quality climate data climatic data of precise location instead of a in the region with great geographical and monthly ones from available meteorological climatic variability on the crossroads stations.
128 TRACE 2021: Tree Rings in Archaeology, Climatology and Ecology
Name Affiliation Contact info Institute of Geography, Achim Bräuning University Erlangen-Nuremberg, [email protected] Germany Department of Geography, Alar Läänelaid [email protected] University of Tartu, Estonia University of Greifswald and alba.anadon-rosell@uni- Alba Anadon-Rosell CREAF, Germany greifswald.de Siberian Federal University, Alberto Arzac [email protected] Russia Federal University of Paraná, Amanda Köche Marcon [email protected] Brazil Ana Carvalho University of Coimbra, Portugal [email protected] andreas.burger@uni- Andreas Burger University Greifswald, Germany greifswald.de National Institute for Research Andrei Popa and Development in Forestry [email protected] “Marin Drăcea”, Romania andrew.hacket- Andrew Hacket-Pain University of Liverpool, England [email protected] University of Ljubljana, Angela Balzano [email protected] Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia Angela Luisa Prendin Aarhus University, Denmark [email protected] Siberian Federal University, Anna S. Vozmishcheva [email protected] Russia AOC Archaeology Group, Anne Crone [email protected] Scotland Anton Hansson Lund University, Sweden [email protected] Khakass Technical Institute, Belokopytova Liliana V. Siberian Federal University, [email protected] Russia University of Erlangen- Nuremberg (Friedrich- [email protected] Bency David Chinthala Alexander-Universität Erlangen- [email protected] Nürnberg), Germany Björn Gunnarson Stockholm University, Sweden [email protected] Brita Lorentzen Cornell University, USA [email protected] "Stefan cel Mare" University of Catalin Roibu [email protected] Suceava, Romania Technical University of Munich, Christopher Leifsson [email protected] Germany Dendrochronicle, University of [email protected] Coralie Mills St Andrews .uk Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología Cristina Valeriano [email protected] (IPE-CSIC), Spain 129 TRACE 2021: Tree Rings in Archaeology, Climatology and Ecology
Name Affiliation Contact info Universidade de Sao Paulo, Daigard Ricardo Ortega ESALQ, Department of Forest [email protected] Rodriguez Sciences Daniel Druckenbrod Rider University, USA [email protected] Universidade do Vale do Paraíba Daniela Oliveira da Silva [email protected] (UNIVAP), Brazil Daniele Castagneri University of Padua, Italy [email protected] Research department, Siberian Daria Belousova [email protected] Federal University, Russia Friedrich-Alexander University Debel Annette [email protected] Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany Diego Andrés David Universidad Nacional de [email protected] Flórez Colombia, Colombia CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Diogo Cláudio Pavão Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório [email protected] Associado, Pólo dos Açores, Portugal Slovenian Forestry Institute, Domen Arnič [email protected] Slovenia Johannes Gutenberg- University Eileen Kuhl [email protected] Mainz, Germany Swiss Federal Research Institute Elisabet Martínez- for Forest, Snow and Landscape [email protected] Sancho Research WSL, Switzerland D-REAMS Radiocarbon [email protected] Elisabetta Boaretto laboratory, Weizmann Institute of c.il Science, Israel Global Water Center, Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno Emanuele Ziaco [email protected] (USA); GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany Università Politecnica delle Enrico Tonelli [email protected] Marche, Italy Pyrenean Institute of Ecology [email protected] Ester González de André (IPE-CSIC), Zaragoza, Spain m Ettore D'Andrea CNR ISAFOM, Italy [email protected] Eurasia Institute of Earth Evrim A. Şahan Sciences, Istanbul Technical [email protected] University, Turkey Central Botanical Garden of Farid Seyfullayev Azerbaijan National Academy of [email protected] Sciences, Azerbaijan 130 TRACE 2021: Tree Rings in Archaeology, Climatology and Ecology
Name Affiliation Contact info Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, [email protected] Francesco Niccoli University of Campania "L. t Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81100, Caserta, Italy University of Greifswald, Giulia Resente [email protected] Germany Hamish Darrah Dendrochronicle and UCD [email protected]
Hans Linderholm Gothenburg University, Sweden [email protected]
Mendel university, Czech Horák Pavel [email protected] Republic Inge Dox University of Antwerp, Belgium [email protected] National Institute for Research Ionel Popa and Development in Forestry [email protected] “Marin Drăcea”, Romania Center of forest pyrology, Iuliia Achikolova [email protected] Krasnoyarsk, Russia Siberian Federal University, Ivan Tychkov [email protected] Russia Université catholique de Jeanne Rezsöhazy [email protected] Louvain, Belgium Charles University in Prague, Jelena Lange [email protected] Czech Republic University of British Columbia, Jen Baron [email protected] Faculty of Forestry, Canada Eberswalde University for Jens Schroeder Sustainable Development, [email protected] Germany Slovenian Forestry Institute, Jernej Jevšenak [email protected] Slovenia Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Jesper Björklund Snow and Landscape Research [email protected] WSL, Switzerland Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physical Jiří Mašek Geography and Geoecology, [email protected] Alberov 6, Prague, Czech Republic Johannes Edvardsson Lund University, Sweden [email protected] Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts, School of Jorge Martinez Garcia [email protected] Engineering and Architecture, Horw, Switzerland 131 TRACE 2021: Tree Rings in Archaeology, Climatology and Ecology
Name Affiliation Contact info Institute of Biology, Pedagogical Katarzyna Izworska University, ul. Podchorążych 2, [email protected] 31-084 Kraków, Poland Department of Wood Science nad Technology, Biotechnical Klemen Novak [email protected] Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia Siberian Federal University, Kseniia Khotcinskaia [email protected] Russia Manolo Trindade UNICAMP, Brazil [email protected] Quintilhan Department of Biology, [email protected] Manuel Bernal-Escobar University of Miami, USA m Department of Geographie, Manuel Miltscheff- manuel.miltscheff- Justus-Liebig-University Petroff [email protected] Giessen, Germany Marcin Klisz Forest Research Institute, Poland [email protected] Department of xylogenesis and biomass allocation, Domain of environmental effects on terrestrial ecosystems, Czechglobe - Global Change Research Institute, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Belidla Marek Fajstavr [email protected] 4a, 60300 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Wood Science and Technology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 3, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic Siberian Federal University, Margarita Popkova [email protected] Russia Siberian Federal University, Maria Tabakova [email protected] Krasnoyarsk, Russia Marta Domínguez University of Amsterdam, [email protected] Delmás Netherlands om CIGEOBIO (CONICET-UNSJ), Martín Hadad [email protected] Argentina Institute of Archaeology, Martin Bridge [email protected] University College London, UK Mendel University, Brno, Czech Martin Šenfeldr [email protected] Republic The University of Newcastle, Matthew Goodwin [email protected] UK Maya Phylatova IAET SB RAS, Russia [email protected]
132 TRACE 2021: Tree Rings in Archaeology, Climatology and Ecology
Name Affiliation Contact info University of Geneva, Melanie Le Roy [email protected] Switzerland Institute of Biosciences, Milena de Godoy Veiga [email protected] University of São Paulo, Brazil Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Miloš Rydval [email protected] Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech Republic Shahjalal University of Science Mizanur Rahman [email protected] and Technology, Bangladesh Momchil Panayotov University of Forestry, Bulgaria [email protected] Forestry and Game Management Monika Vejpustkova Research Institute, Strnady 136, [email protected] 252 02 Jiloviste, Czech Republic Institute of Geography RAS, Nadezhda Semenyak [email protected] Russia National Research Council of Negar Rezaie [email protected] Italy(CNR-IRET), Italy Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Nela Maredova Republic; [email protected] Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Czech Republic University of Forestry, Sofia, NickolayTsvetanov [email protected] Bulgaria Department of Wood Science and Technology, Biotechnical Nina Škrk [email protected] Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia Centre for Functional Ecology - Núria Garcia-Forner Science for People & the Planet, [email protected] University of Coimbra, Portugal Dendrochronologisches Labor Hemmenhofen des Landesamtes Oliver Nelle [email protected] für Denkmalpflege Baden- Württemberg, Germany Friedrich Alexander Universität, Pamela Soto-Rogel [email protected] Germany WSL Swiss Federal Reasech Paolo Cherubini Institute for Forest, Snow and [email protected] Landscape, Switzerland WSL Swiss Federal Reasech Patrick Fonti Institute for Forest, Snow and [email protected] Landscape, Switzerland WSL Swiss Federal Reasech Paula Ballikaya Institute for Forest, Snow and [email protected] Landscape, Switzerland
133 TRACE 2021: Tree Rings in Archaeology, Climatology and Ecology
Name Affiliation Contact info paulinafernanda.puchigonzalez@ Paulina Puchi University of Padova, Italy phd.unipd.it Adam Mickiewicz University, Paweł Matulewski [email protected] Poznań, Poland Department of Forest Resources Planning and Informatics, Peter Marcis [email protected] Technical University in Zvolen, Slovakia University of Gothenburg, Petter Stridbeck Department of Earth Science, [email protected] Sweden Department of Geography, Philipp Römer Johannes Gutenberg-University, [email protected] 55122 Mainz, Germany Institute of Geography and Przemyslaw [email protected] Regional Development , Grzeskowiak du.pl University of Wroclaw, Poland School of Environmental Science, Jawaharlal Nehru Rajman Gupta [email protected] University, New Delhi-110067, India University Pablo de OIavide, Raul Sanchez-Salguero [email protected] Seville, Spain School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Rob Wilson [email protected] University of St Andrews, Scotland Roberta D'Andrea University of Limoges, France [email protected] Latvian State Forest Research Roberts Matisons [email protected] Institute "Silava", Latvia Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology, Ryszard J. Kaczka [email protected] Faculty of Science, Charles University, Czech Republic Department of Geography and Environmental Studies Samantha Kerr [email protected] University of Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada Cátedra de Dasonomía, FCA- Sergio Piraino [email protected] UNCuyo, Argentina Indonesian Institute of Science, [email protected] Siti Fatimah Hanum Indonesia m [email protected] Steffen Holzkämper Stockholm University, Sweden e Friedrich-Alexander-University Sugam Aryal [email protected] Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany
134 TRACE 2021: Tree Rings in Archaeology, Climatology and Ecology
Name Affiliation Contact info Warsaw University of Life Szymon Bijak szymon_bij[email protected] Sciences - SGGW, Poland Thünen Institute of Forest Tanja Sanders [email protected] Ecosystems, Germany
Tzu Tung Chen Gothenburg University, Sweden [email protected]
Department of Forest Ecosystems Protection, Wojciech Kraj [email protected] University of Agriculture in Krakow, Poland Charles University, Faculty of Vaclav Treml [email protected] Science, Prague, Czech Republic WSL Swiss Federal Reasech Valentina Vitali Institute for Forest, Snow and [email protected] Landscape, Switzerland University of Gent, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Victor Mihaila [email protected] Department of Environment - WoodLab, Belgium University of Toulouse, GEODE Vincent Labbas [email protected] UMR 5602, France Wageningen University & Yanjun Song [email protected] Research, Netherlands Department of forest ecology, Yumei Jiang Czech University of Life [email protected] Sciences Prague, Czech Republic Khakass Technical Institute, Zhirnova Dina F. Siberian Federal University, [email protected] Russia
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