INDEX

Abercrombie, Sir James 288, 290 56, 71, 91–2, 322 Abjuration, Act of 114–5 Marlborough’s devastation of 209–17 Addison, Joseph 319 Bavarian forces 175, 234, 280–83, 296–7 Aix-la-Chapelle, Peace of 30 Beaume, Marquis de la 307–8 Alsace 145–6, 197, 207 Belleville, Lieutenant-Colonel 288–9 Amerdingen 176 Belloste, Monsieur 186–7 Anderson, M. S. 103 Berghausen 230 Anjou, Philip of: see Philip V, King of Spain Bernsdorf, Brigadier-General 258 Anne, Queen of England, Ireland and Berwick, Duke of 44, 100, 101 Scotland 115 Bielk, Brigadier 296 and the Blenheim campaign 134 Blackader, Captain 144, 147, 172, 184, 242, letter to Marlborough 312 272, 296 and Nottingham’s blackmail attempt Blainville, Marquis de 215–6, 257 170–71 Blansac, Camp Marshal Comte de 287, opposition to France 94 288–9, 290–91, 306 as Princess Anne 41, 51–2, 80, 88 Blécourt, French ambassador in Madrid 73 receives victory despatch 310–11 Blenheim, Battle of 11 rewards Marlborough 111–12, 116, Allied advance to 229–32 318–9 pre-battle blessing 241–2 support for MarlboroughCOPYRIGHTED 191–2 MATERIAL forces deploy 232–7, 261 support for war 329 Allied advance on the Nebel 237 Antwerp 121 artillery bombardment 238–9, 242, Atkinson, C. T. 107, 165 251–2, 261 125, 126, 127, 210, 219–20 Eugène’s forces deploy 240–41, 242–3 assault on Blenheim village 243–8 Barcelona 326 French forces fall back into Blenheim Barrier Fortresses 78–9, 91, 102 village 248–9

353 INDEX

crossing of the Nebel 250–51, 252–3 plan 131–2 French cavalry charge 253–4, 255–6 preparations 133–7 medical treatment 256, 297–8 preparations for battle 221–5 general engagement 256–60 strategic goals 167 Holstein-Beck’s attack 257–9 taking of Donauwörth and the storming of the Schellenberg 174–92 lull 260, 265 weather 172–3, 199 Eugène’s attack 260–65 318–9 Marlborough’s cavalry charge 266–74 ‘Blenheim Roll’ 344 Franco-Bavarian forces rout 273–8 Blenheim village 12, 232, 257 defence of Blenheim village 273, 275, 279 defence of 233–4, 273, 275, 279 Bavarian withdrawal 280–83 Allied advance on 243–4 final defence of Blenheim village 283–90 assault on 245–9 surrender of Blenheim village garrison 290–91 cavalry engagement 246–8 spoils 297 final defence of 283–90 prisoners 297, 300–301, 346–7 surrender of garrison 290–91 Thanksgiving 300–301 Blindheim 11 Tallard’s account of 304 Blood, Colonel Holcroft 138, 142 casualties 13, 243, 245, 261, 295–7 at Blenheim 238, 258–9, 267, 272, 297 comparison with Enzheim 48 at the Schellenberg 179 forces 343–6 Bodegraven 31 memorials 11–12, 331 Bonn 120–21, 140 senior officers 343 Bothmar, Brigadier-General 274 significance 12, 13, 311–12, 323–4, 329, Boufflers, Marshal Louis François 101–2, 121 329–30 Brandenburg 92 tercentenary exhibition 12 Breisach 201 Blenheim campaign Brest 86 Allied forces 132–3, 136–7, 144, 173, Brittany, Duke of 15–16, 327 223–4 Broubach 142 Allied forces turn towards the 195 Brown, John 187 Allied forces unite 221–2 Bülow, Lieutenant-General von 255 Allied reinforcements 142 Burgundy, Duchess of 199 artillery train 138 Burgundy, Duke of 15 council of Gross Heppach 167–8

destruction of Bavaria 209–17 Cadiz 112 French advance 199–200, 205–6, 207, Cadogan, William 107, 135, 144, 178, 242 216 ‘Campaign, The’ (Addison) 319 French strategies for defence of the Danube 196–8 campaigning season 97 lines of communication 173 Cape La Hogue, battle of 64 logistics 135–6 Cardonnel, Adam 107, 135 Marlborough’s advance 138–40, 141–7, Carlos II, King of Spain 29, 69–72 169, 171, 172–4, 195 Will 73–4

354 INDEX

Carlowitz, Peace of 155 Cologne 36, 79, 91 Castlemaine, Barbara 44–5 Cologne, Elector of 122 casualties: see also medical treatment Colonie, Colonel Jean Martin de la 86, 175–6, Blenheim 13, 243, 245, 261, 295–7 177, 180, 182–3, 212 Höchstädt 126 on the devastation of Bavaria 214, 215 Liège 110 Condé, Louis II de Bourbon, Prince of 31 Malplaquet 328 Contamine, Philippe 57 Ramillies 326 Conti, Prince Louis Armand 151 the Schellenberg 183–5 Cornuel, Madame de 308 Venlo 109 Costfrize, Count de 216–7 Villingen 206 Creasy, Edward 13, 58, 74 Cévennes 127 Cremona 157 Chambres de Réunion 33 Crostolo, battle of 157 Chamillart, Michel de 195, 196 Cutts, Lord 108–9, 132–3, 231, 243–4, 246, 248, 285, 286, 290 Chamlay, M. de 308 Charles, Archduke 72, 75, 326 Danby, Sir Thomas Osborne, Earl of 114 Charles II, King of England 30, 38–9, 43, 44–5, 51, 52 Danish forces 169, 257, 261, 262, 280 Chesterfield, Lord 39, 92 Danube, the 195, 206 Chiari, battle of 156 d’Arco, General 175, 177, 179, 182, 234 Chiny 33 d’Artagnan, Count 45, 46 Churchill, Arabella 43–4 Dauphin: see Louis, Dauphin Churchill, General Charles 43, 138, 147, 252, Davenant, Henry 135 270, 283, 286 Davies, Mrs Christian 143 Churchill, George 43 Deane, Private Marshall 144, 172–3, 287 Churchill, John (1686–1703) 119–20 Defoe, Daniel 98, 306–7, 313 Churchill, Sir Winston 42–3, 48 Denonville, Marquis 288, 289–90, 306 Churchill, Winston S. 12 Deshapes, Catherine 150 on Blenheim 237, 264, 285, 329 174, 221, 222 on England 38 Donauwörth, battle of: see also Schellenberg, on Europe 89 assault on the on La Hogue 64 allied advance to 176–7 on Louis XIV 28, 328 Bavarian attempt to burn town 193–4 on Marlborough’s advance 139, 173 defence prepared 174–6 on rarity of battles 222 delays 178 on Tallard 198–9, 203 Dopt, M. 109 Clement, Joseph 36 Dormer, Lieutenant-Colonel 296 Clérambault, Marquis de 233–4, 248, 283–5, Dover, Treaty of 30, 45 302–3 Dutch forces 86, 96 Coblenz 135, 142 Dutch navy 32, 64 Coehoorn, Baron van 108, 121 Dutch United Provinces: see United Provinces Coignies, Lieutenant-General 197 Dutch War, the 31–3, 45–6, 58, 209 Colbatch, John 188–9

355 INDEX

Eckeren, battle of 121, 246 at Venlo 108–9 Elmesing 206 victory parade 317–8 England 56 English navy 39, 64 Act of Settlement 80 Enzheim, battle of 47–8 claims victory for own 312 Erpingen 147 dissenters 117–8 Eugène of Savoy, Prince François 135 financial situation 329 and the 1705 campaign 325 the ‘Glorious Revolution’ 40–41, 54–5, ability 319–20 114 advances to the Lines of Stollhofen 168–9 population 27 advice about Munich 211–12 response to Anjou’s accession 77–8 appearance 150 response to victory 310–11, 312–4 arrival at Höchstädt 218 royal authority 78 atrocities 154 succession 38–41, 80, 93–4, 114–5 at Blenheim and the Triple Alliance 30–31 achievement 281–2 English army 12, 44 attacks 260–65 artillery 238, 258–9 deploys forces 232, 242–3, 261 at Blenheim 343–4 final attacks 280–83 advance on Blenheim village 234 comparison with Marlborough 159–61 assault on Blenheim village 243–4, 245–9 concern for troops 160–61 and the crossing of the Nebel 253 and the council at Gross Heppach 167–8 relief of Holstein-Beck 258–9 criticism of 320 final assault on Blenheim village 285–91 family background 148–51 casualties 295–6 feint from the Lines of Stollhofen 206–7 casualties 184, 295–6 flees France 151–2 cavalry 163 Hompesch on 298 committed to the Grand Alliance 86 Imperial military service 152–8 Comptroller of Army and Accounts 107 Italian campaigns 153–4, 155–8 Eugène’s opinion of 163 joins Marlborough at Mindelheim 163–4 and the ‘Glorious Revolution’ 54–5 Louis XIV’s treatment of 150–52 infantry firing formations 254–5 and Marlborough 158, 163–4, 259, 320 lack of standardisation 104 on Marlborough’s delays 213 Marlborough’s reforms 106–7 Marlborough’s opinion of 164 medical treatment 104, 136–7, 241 military reforms 161 morale 106 at Oudenarde 327 officers 104, 107 President of the Imperial War Council 161 quality 102–6, 106–7 rewards 320 recruitment 103 self improvement 151 reinforced 117 siege of Turin 326–7 strength 38–9 strength reduced after War of the League strategy 162–3 of Augsburg 77 warrior mode 263–4

356 INDEX

Evelyn, John 33, 34, 36, 74, 88, 111–12 intendants d’armée 59 on Eugène of Savoy 156, 157 logistics 61, 62 marauding 200 Feversham, Earl of 51, 53–4, 54 medical treatment 62 Fifteen Decisive Battles of the World, The militia 63, 66 (Creasy) 13 Navarre Regiment 198, 233 Flanders 195 objectives 195 Marlborough’s advance into 98–102 officers 60–61 Meuse campaign 108–11 rations 61, 199–200 forlorn hope 179–80 recruitment 62–3, 66–7 Fort St Michael 108–9 reforms 58–63 France Régiment du Roi 59–60 Court’s response to defeat 301–4 at the Schellenberg 175 forces facing 56–7 strength 57–8, 62–3, 95, 121, 139, Huguenots persecuted 34–6, 58 140–41 military expenditure 57 ‘Wild Geese’ 11–12, 234, 257–9 Ministry of War 58–61, 66 French navy 64–5 population 27 Friedlingen, battle of 125, 166 Frederick, King of Prussia 96, 135, 142, 316 Fugger, Major-General 258, 259, 262 Frederick of Brandenburg 92 Fürstenberg, Cardinal von 36 Frederick of Hesse-Cassel, Prince 201, 202 French forces 27, 94 Gardiner, Thomas 136 1703 campaign 121 Geldern 110–11 allies 95 Gell, Stephen 110 at Blenheim 345–6 Genoa 33 deployment 234–7 George of Denmark, Prince 95–6, 134 defence of Blenheim village 243–4, Gibbons, Captain 270, 272 245–8, 279, 283–90 Gibraltar 313 cavalry charge 253–4, 255–6 Gieslingen 172 Marlborough’s cavalry charge 267–9, Gloucester, Duke of 80 270, 271, 272–3 Godolphin, Sidney, 1st Earl 51, 99, 102, 211, rout 273–8 318 surrender of Blenheim village garrison and the Blenheim campaign 134 290–91 favour for defensive war 123 casualties 296–7 on John Churchill 119 cavalry 235, 246–7, 268–9 as Lord Treasurer 115–9, 122 commissaires de guerre 59 supplies Military Chest 136 confidence 194–5 Goldie, John 241 contrôleurs des guerres 59 Goor, Lieutenant-General van 165–6, 176, in Flanders 99, 100, 101–2 180, 184, 212 Gendarmerie 12, 198, 235, 245–6, 246–7 Grand Alliance, the 56–7, 67–8 horses 268 Grand Alliance, second 85–6, 89–93, 95–7 infantry firing formations 254, 255 grenadiers 176–7

357 INDEX

Gross Gartach 147 Jacobites 77, 80, 88, 93 Gross Heppach, council at 167–8 James II, King of England 39–40, 41, 68, 80 Grotius, Hugo 209 coronation 52 Guelder 123 death of 81 Guizot, M. 65 exile 51 and Marlborough 45 Hague, The 110–11 and Monmouth’s rebellion 54 Hanover 316 relationship with Arabella Churchill 43–4 Hanover, Prince of 264 Joseph Clement of Bavaria 36, 91–2 Hanoverian forces 92, 243, 258–9, 270 Joseph Ferdinand, Electoral Prince 72 Hautefeuille, Marquis de 233–4, 306, 346 Hay, Lord John 182, 286 Kane, Brigadier-General 252–3, 268–9, 271, Heidelberg 37 324 Heidenbrecht, Brigadier-General 263 Kehl 125, 141 Heinsius, Grand Pensionary 111, 134 Kingzigenthal 199 Helchteren 101 Hesse-Cassel 144 Ladenbourg 146 Hesse, Prince of 253, 256, 275, 298 Lancaster, William 113–4 Hessian forces 243, 245–6 Land Tax Bill 314 Höchstädt 218, 223, 274 Landau 109, 146, 165 Höchstädt, battle of 11, 126, 202, 312 Landau, siege of 201, 202 Höchstadt Castle 12 Landen, battle of 64, 105 Holstein-Beck, Prince of 252, 258–9, 296 Lavingen 174, 221, 222 Holy Roman Empire 15, 32, 56, 86 League of Augsburg 36, 37, 57 Hompesch, Lieutenant-General von 184, League of Augsburg, War of the 63–8, 90, 190–91, 246, 253, 274, 282, 298 94, 105, 153–4, 155 horses 268 Legalle, General 197 Hôtel des Invalides 62 Leiden 31 Howe, Brigadier-General 311–12 Leopold, Holy Roman Emperor 37, 210–11 Hudson, John 241 crusade against the Ottoman Turks 153 Huguenots 34–6, 58, 63, 127 financial situation 161 Hunter, John 185–6 and Maximilian of Bavaria 91, 215 Huy 122 and Philip of Anjou’s succession 78 Hyde, Anne 43 response to the fall of the Schellenberg 191–2 Ilbersheim, Treaty of 322 rewards Eugène of Savoy 320 Imperial forces 160–61, 161, 161–2, 262–5 rewards Marlborough 315 Ingoldsby, Lieutenant-General 252, 283, and the Spanish succession crisis 72–3 286–7, 288–9 Leopold of Anhalt-Dessau, Prince 262–3, 280 Ingolstadt, siege of 218–9, 299–300 Les Travaux de Mars (Mallet) 60 Innocent XII, Pope 36, 37, 74 Lewis of Baden 125, 126, 133, 135, 140, Ireland 87–8 314–5 Italy 153–4, 155–7, 195 1703 campaign 166

358 INDEX

1704 strategy 166 learns of battle 301–2 1705 campaign 324 marriage 28–9 ability 164–7 and Maximilian of Bavaria 321 bitterness 299–300 military experience 16 on Blenheim 238 obligation to troops 62 and the council at Gross Heppach 167–8 occupies the Barrier Fortresses 78–9 and the devastation of Bavaria 217 and Philip of Anjou’s succession 73–6, and Eugène of Savoy 152 75–6 failure to supply promised artillery 210 relationship with Olympia Mancini 148–51 at Ingolstadt 218–9, 299–300 religious intolerance 34–6 and Marlborough 211, 218 renounces right to Spanish throne 28 relationship to Maximilian of Bavaria 167 response to defeat 308–9 at the Schellenberg 176, 181, 190, 191 response to the advance on the Danube 196–9 Tallard’s failure to block 201–2 rules of war 209 Liège 31, 110 and the Second Partition Treaty 74–6 Lierre 121 at the siege of Maastricht 45–6 Lille, siege of 29–30 succession 15–6 Limberg, siege of 123 and the summer of 1704 15–7 Lintz 127 territorial ambition 33–7, 57–8 logistics 97 Louis, Dauphin 75 toothache of 1685 34 Louis XIV, King of France treatment of Eugène of Savoy 150–52 1706 campaign 325–6 treaty with Maximilian of Bavaria 90 accumulates executive power in own hands on William’s marriage to Mary 40 65–6 Louvois, François-Michel, Marquis de 31, advisors 65–6 58–63 assumes role as head of state 28 Lumley, Lieutenant-General Richard 145, 182, 246, 253 belief in divine support 15–16 234, 280, 281 comparison with Napoleon 27 Luxembourg 33–4 and the death of James II 81 Luxembourg, Marshal, François-Henri 31, 64 desire to end war 328–9 Luzzara, battle of 157 diplomatic campaign against the Dutch 30–31 education 27–8 Maaseik 109 effect of Blenheim on 323–4 Maastricht 79, 109 effect of defeats on 327 Maastricht, siege of 45–6 and Eugène of Savoy’s Italian campaigns Maffei, Marquis de 179 156, 157 Maintenon, Madame François de 35, 75, and Eugène’s feint 207 302, 328 and the ‘Glorious Revolution’ 41 Malaga, battle of 313 humiliation of the Peace of Ryswick 68 Malplaquet, battle of 327–8 invasion of Spanish Netherlands 29–30 Mancini, Olympia 148–51 keeps Anjou in French succession 79 Mannheim 37, 145, 209

359 INDEX manoeuvre, war of 13 and the council at Gross Heppach 167–8 Mansfield, Count 165 criticism of action at the Schellenberg Marching Hospitals 136–7 190–91 Maria-Anna of Pfalz-Neuburg 70, 73 death of 330 Maria Antonia, Electress of Bavaria 214, 322 and the death of John 119–20 Marlborough, John Churchill, 1st Duke of decision to attack 224–5 1703 campaign 120–23 destruction of Bavaria 209–17 1705 campaign 324–5 detachment from political in-fighting 313–4 1706 campaign 325–6 diplomatic experience 50–51, 52, 87, 93 accused of infidelity 133, 137 and the Dutch Field Deputies 96–7, 99, accused of Jacobite sympathies 88 100, 101–2, 109, 123, 134, 169–70 advance into Flanders 98–102 effect of the loss of Goor 212 Anne’s support of 191–2 enters Donauwörth 194 appearance 49 and Eugène of Savoy 158, 163–4, 259, 320 appointed commander-in-chief 96 Eugène’s opinion of 164 arrival on the Continent 55 exhilaration of 1704 campaign 211 Bavarian strategy 209–11 family background 42–4 at Blenheim 231 on French strength 224 battle plan 232 Hompesch on 298 deploys forces 232 Irish campaign 87–8 and the artillery bombardment 238, 239 jealousy of 160 artillery deployment 239 and Lewis of Baden 211, 218 orders advance 242–3 marriage 48–50 and French withdrawal into Blenheim memory of 330–31 village 249 Meuse campaign 108–11 orders crossing of the Nebel 250–51 migraines 102, 123, 213 and the crossing of the Nebel 253 military experience 44–8, 86–8 cavalry 255–6 military reforms 106–7 relief of Holstein-Beck 257–9 and Monmouth’s rebellion 52–4 cavalry charge 266–74 Moselle initiative 134–5, 139–40, 142, pursuit 274 144–5, 145 victory dispatch 277–8 Napoleon’s opinion of 11, 330 Thanksgiving 300 and the Occasional Conformity Bill 313 builds second Grand Alliance 89–93 optimism 315 builds up position on the Lower Moselle at Oudenarde 327 315 overtures to Maximilian 321–2 cavalry tactics 268–9 pension 111, 112, 318 children 50 personal finances 45 command in Holland 86–7 plan to counter Franco-Bavarians 131–2 comparison with Eugène 159–61 preparations for Blenheim campaign concern for troops 143 133–7 consensus politics 116–7 promoted to Duke 111–12

360 INDEX

provision of medical treatment 241 Martinet, Lieutenant-Colonel Jean 59–60 Queen Anne’s letter 312 Mary, Queen of England, Ireland and Scotland 40, 88 questionable loyalty 88 Maulweyer, the 247, 286 restored to Court 89 Mauritshuis, the 89 return to England 314, 316–7 Maximilian II Emmanuel, Elector of Bavaria rewards 111–12, 116, 315, 318–9 89–91, 124–7, 162, 166 as royal manager 115–9 1706 campaign 325–6 rumoured captured 110–11 abandons Bavaria 320–22 at the Schellenberg 176, 177–8, 178, 181, at Blenheim 233, 234, 262 190–91 on the defence of Blenheim village 247 on the siege of Ingolstadt 219 the defence of the Nebel 236 significance 329–30 escape 280–83 slanders 117, 119, 330–1 continues in Louis’s cause 216 strategic philosophy 46, 98–9 desire to attack 223 strategy 97–8, 102, 132 despondency 205 tactical options 210–12 fear of attack on Bavaria 174–5 tactics 178–9, 327–8 and the loss of Donauwörth 193–4 and Tallard 202, 300 loyalty to Louis wavers 214–6 Tory resentment of 116–8, 330–31 meeting with Tallard 219–20 treatment of prisoners 305 negotiations with the Grand Alliance 194 use of infantry 254–5 offered full pardon 215 visit to Hanover 316 orders defence of Donauwörth 174–6 and William of Orange 54–5, 86–8, 88–9, 329 recalls dispersed troops 220 Marlborough, Sarah Churchill (née Jenyns), relationship to Lewis of Baden 167 Duchess of 51–2 retreat of 307–8 accuses Marlborough of infidelity 133, 137 Tallard’s criticism of 304 and the death of John 119–20 warnings of Marlborough’s advance 197 influence on Anne 88, 118–9, 330 Mayence, Elector of 141–2, 145, 146 and Marlborough’s promotion to Duke Mazarin, Cardinal Jules 28 111 medical treatment 62, 104, 136–7, 185–90, marriage 48–50 241, 256, 296, 297–8 receives victory despatch 310 Mérode-Westerloo, Count of 199–200, 206, 207, 307 relationship with Anne 160 at Blenheim 229–30, 247, 264, 265, Whig sympathies 118–9 283–4, 289 Marsin, Marshal 127, 140–41, 195, 216, 273, escape from Blenheim 275–7 297 on the fall of Ingolstadt 299 at Blenheim 233, 234, 280–83 Meulweger, the 255 death of 327 Meuse, river 99, 109, 170 on Maximilian of Bavaria 205, 214–5 Millner, Sergeant 106, 138, 144, 173, 184, meeting with Tallard 219–20 225, 297, 300, 305 retreat of 307–8 at Blenheim 230, 243, 253, 255, 260–61, warnings of Marlborough’s advance 197 273

361 INDEX

Mindelheim 147, 163–4 at Blenheim village 286–7, 288–9, 290–91 Moesskirch 206 prisoners 297 Mohacs, battle of 153 Ottoman Turks 152–3, 154–5, 165, 209 Monmouth, James Scott, Duke of 39, 45, 46, Oudenarde, battle of 327 52–4 Overkirk, General 138, 169–70 Monperoux, Marquis de 306

Mons 64, 79 Palatinate, the Second Devastation of 36–7 Montigny Langnat, Baron de 303 Palmes, Colonel 246–7, 253 Mordaunt, Lord 179–80 Parke, Colonel 310–11 Moselle initiative 134–5, 139–40, 142, 144–5, Parker, Captain Robert 100, 143, 144, 178, 145 183, 216, 315, 324 Moselle, Lower 315 at Blenheim 230, 236, 238, 242, 246, Munich 210, 211–12 247, 247–8, 255, 260, 272, 274, 275, 280–81, 282–3 on Blenheim village 284 Namur 64, 79, 90 on Louis’s response to defeat 301 Nantes, Edict of 35, 39, 63 Partition Treaty, First 71–2, 203, 204 Napoleon Bonaparte 11, 27, 152, 330 Partition Treaty, Second 72–3, 74–7, 204 Nassau-Saarbrücken, Prince of 96, 108, 109 Passau 127 Natzmer, Major-General 232 Peregrine, the 133 Nebel, the Philip IV, King of Spain 28, 29 Allied advance on 237 Philip V, King of Spain 90, 91, 326 Allied forces cross 243–4, 250–51, 252–3 inherits crown 73–6 crossing points 237, 251 Louis recognises 75–6 Franco-Bavarian deployment on 235–7 recognised as King of Spain 78 Newendorff 141 remains in French succession 79 Nijmegen, Peace of 78–9 Philippsburg, siege of 36 Noailles, Major-General Count 296 Philippsburg, Governor of 146 Nördlingen 190 Poitou 35 North and Grey, Lord 296 Pontchartrain, Louis Phélypeaux 75 Nottingham, Charles Howard, Earl of 114, 118, 170–71, 314 Pope, Captain Richard 144, 305 Nottingham, Tallard’s imprisonment at 306–7 Portland, William Bentinck, Earl of 72, 202 Noyes, Samuel 122 Prior, Matthew 34 privateers 65

Oberglau 263, 280, 281 Prussia 36 battle for 234, 257–9 Prussian forces 316 Occasional Conformity Bill 118, 313 at Blenheim 261–2, 265, 280 Of the Law of War and Peace (Grotius) 209 at Turin 326–7 Oldfield, Major 246 Pulendorf, Samuel von 209 Opdam, General 101, 121 Orange, principality of 32–3, 68 Queen Regent of Spain 29 Orkney, Earl of 221, 231, 252, 271, 272–3, Quincy, Baron de 251–2 283

362 INDEX

Rain, siege of 212, 213 fall of 182–3 Ramillies, battle of 325–6 casualties 183–5 Ratisbon, Diet of 91 spoils 184 Ratisbon, Treaty of 34 response to 190–92 Reichen, the 230–31 Schwenenbach 230 Reunions, War of the 33 Schweningen 232 Rey, Castel del 76 Sedgemoor, battle of 39, 53–4 Rhine, the 142, 195 Sedley, Katherine 48 Rhineland, the 36 Seymour, Sir Edward 81, 114, 118, 171 Rochester, Lord 115–6, 118 siege warfare 98 Rooke, Admiral 313 Silly, Marquis de 304 Ross, Brigadier-General 286 Sinzheim 147 Rowe, Brigadier-General 102, 243–4, 245, Sinzheim, battle of 47 296 Sinzig 139, 144 Royal Prince, the 45 Slangenberg, General 325 Ruremond 109 slave trade 79 Ryswick, Peace of 68, 77, 81, 155 Sole Bay, Battle of 45 Soleil Royal, the 64 Saint Simon, Duke of Sonderheim 275 on birth of Duke of Brittany 16 Sonhoven 99–100 on Blenheim 16, 236, 280 Sophia, Electress of Hanover 80, 191, 316 on Blenheim village 290 Spain 27, 32, 56 on the Court’s reaction to defeat 303 colonies 70 and the invasion of Dutch United and the League of Augsburg 36 Provinces 31 and Louis’s dowry 28–9 on Louis’s response to defeat 309 succession 69–78 on Louis XIV 66, 327 Spanish Netherlands 29–30, 32, 78–9 on Tallard 200–201, 202 Speyer 37, 209 Sandby, Josias 185, 216–7, 225, 297–8, 301, Speyerbach, battle of 202 308, 322 Stanhope, Alexander 74, 81 at Blenheim 238–9, 246–7, 253, 260, 281 Steenkirk, battle of 64, 105 Savoy, Duke of 195 Stetten 144 Saxe-Gotha 92 Stevenswaert 109 Schellenberg, assault on the 175, 178, 193 Stollhofen, Lines of 125, 162, 167–8, 197, defence plans betrayed 176 206–7 assault force 176–7 Strasbourg 33–4, 145, 308 defence prepared 177 strategy 97–8, 102, 132, 165 artillery exchange 179 Stuttgart 196 the forlorn hope 179–80 Styrum, Count 126, 181, 184 first assault 179–81 Sunderland, Charles Spencer, Third Earl of 133 second assault 181 Sunderland, Robert Spencer, Second Earl of south-western (third) assault 181 30 fourth assault 182 Sweden 30–31

363 INDEX tactics 46–7, 178–9, 327–8 and dissenters 117–8 artillery 239, 242 and the English succession 114–5 cavalry 268–9 enmity towards Whigs 112 infantry firing formations 254–5 hatred of the Dutch 117 Tallard, Count 72, 76, 78, 125, 126, 140, and the Meuse campaign 112 140–41, 145, 195 resentment of Marlborough 116–8, 330–31 1702 campaign 201 respect for the monarchy 113–4 1703 campaign 201–2 response to victory 312–3 account of defeat 304 Tour, Count de la 216–7 ambition 201 Trarbach 201 arrives in Augsburg 219–20 Trèves 201 at Blenheim Triple Alliance, the 30–31 deployment 232–7 Turenne, Marshal Henri de la Tour d’Au- battle plan 233, 235–6, 248, 256–7 vergne, Viscount of 29, 31, 36, 46–8 orders cavalry charge 253 Turin, siege of 326–7 hope of victory 258 Turkheim, battle of 48 Marlborough’s cavalry charge 267, 270, 272–3 Ulm 124–5, 207, 307–8 captured 277 United Provinces 56 captivity 287–8, 298–9, 300 defensive mindset 97 criticism of 303–4, 305–7 French invasion of 31–2 diplomatic mission to England 202–5 joins League of Augsburg 36 frustration 198 Louis’s diplomatic campaign against 30–31 imprisonment in England 305–7 Marlborough’s return through 316–7 leaves Villingen 215 prepare to defend selves 79 and Marlborough 202, 300 treaty with France 29–30 and Maximilian of Bavaria 223 Unterglau 251, 252 moves to defend Alsace 146 ordered to reinforce Franco-Bavarian forces 197–9, 216 Vauban, Sebastien le Prestre de 29, 67, 242 response to the advance on the Danube Vaudemont, Prince de 87 195–9 Vendôme, Marshal 157, 195 Saint Simon on 200–201, 202 Venlo, siege of 79, 108–9 short-sightedness 202, 232 Versailles, fêtes 16–17 at Villingen 205–6 Vienna 124, 152, 162 on William of Orange 203 Villars, Claude-Louis-Hector 45, 125–7, Tangier garrison 44 174–5, 303, 327–8 Tapfheim 224 Villeroi, Marshal François 66, 121, 145, 195 Tellier, Michel Le 58 1706 campaign 325–6 Thirty Years’ War (1618–48) 13 and Eugène’s feint 207 Torcy, Marquis de 75 Italian campaigns 156–7 Tories 314 joins Marsin and Maximilian 308 and the Blenheim campaign 171 moves to defend Alsace 146

364 ordered to attack the Lines of Stollhofen emerges as Protestant champion 32 197 and England 329 response to the advance on the Danube entertains Tallard at Newmarket races 195–9 203–4 shadows Marlborough’s advance 138–9 links to English throne 40 and Tallard 201 and the loss of the Barrier Fortresses 79 Villingen, siege of 205–6, 215 on Louis XIV 34 Voltaire, on William of Orange 32 and Marlborough 54–5, 86–8, 88–9, 329 marriage 40 wagons 136 and Maximilian of Bavaria 91 Walcourt, battle of 86–7, 105 military experience 42 Waldeck, Field Marshal Count von 32, 87, military reforms 102, 104, 136 104, 105 takes English crown 40–41 Walkirk 199 Tallard’s assessment of 203 War and Society in Europe of the Old Regime (Anderson) 103 and the War of the League of Augsburg 64, 67–8 warfare, rules of conduct 208–9 Wisloch 147 weapons Wittelsbach, Archbishop-Elector von 36 bayonets 244 Wolfenbuttel 92 cannon 13 Wood, Major-General 311 grenades 176–7 Woodstock, Royal Manor and Park 318–9 muskets 13, 46–7, 244 Worms 37, 209 pistols 268–9 Wratislaw, Count 131–2, 134, 140, 147, 163, Webb, Brigadier-General 285 210–11 Weilheim 230 on Eugène of Savoy 157–8, 164 Whigs 112, 114, 118–9, 313 and Leopold’s offer to pardon Maximilian White, Dr J. 186 215 William of Orange (William III, King of Württemberg, Duke of 87, 217, 253, 257, England, Ireland and Scotland) 264 authority 78 on the breaking of the Second Partition Zenta, battle of 154–5 Treaty 76–7 Zouche, Richard 209 builds second Grand Alliance 85–6 Zurlauben, Lieutenant-General 246–7 on the danger of Louis 93 Zwammerdam 31 death of 93–4

365