Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October - December 2018

Quarterly Journal of The All India Glass Manufacturers’ Federation Bi-lingual

Interviews Special Feature

S K Jhunjhunwala • Opportunities for Indian Glass Companies at Port of Duqm Vice Chairman, La Opala RG Ltd., and former AIGMF President • Glass News • On the Spot... Sushil Jhunjhunwala • Boron, Borates and Borosilicate Glasses: Part - I

Sanjay Somany • Good Days for Indian Architectural Processed Glass Market Chairman and Managing Director, HNG & Inds. Ltd., and former • 3rd Global Container Glass Meeting AIGMF President • Boron, Borates and Borosilicate Glasses: Part - II • On the Spot... Sanjay Somany • Indian Refractories Industry Update

Upcoming Events • Specialty Glass and Optical Fibre R&D Focus in India

• How can India become Glass Capital of the World? • Green Building Congress 2018 Evokes Excellent Response. (Feb 22) at Vadodara Focused on the Theme- ‘Green Built Environment for People • AIGMF Executive Committee Meeting (Feb 22) at Vadodara & the Planet’ • World of Fenestration (Feb 22-23) at New Delhi • Speed, Reliability and Flexibility in Glass Container Inspection

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2 Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 www.aigmf.com

President RAJ KUMAR MITTAL Sr.Vice President BHARAT SOMANY Sr.Vice President SANJAY AGARWAL Hon. General Secretary KAILASH CHANDRA JAIN Hon. Treasurer HARGUN C. BHAMBANI Quarterly Journal of THE ALL INDIA GLASS MANUFACTURERS’ FEDERATION Member Editorial Board A K BANDYOPADHYAY Former Principal, Govt. College of Engineering & Ceramic Technology-GCECT, Kolkata Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 DEVENDRA KUMAR Prof. & HOD, Dept. of Ceramic, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) K K SHARMA President, NIGMA and Plant Head, HNG Neemrana, Rajasthan ZONAL ASSOCIATIONS Contents EASTERN INDIA GLASS MANUFACTURERS’ ASSOCIATION (EIGMA) c/o La Opala RG Ltd. Chitrakoot, 10th Floor, 230 A A.J.C. Bose Road From President's Desk 5 Kolkata - 700 020 President - Sushil Jhunjhunwala Membership of The AIGMF 6 NORTHERN INDIA GLASS MANUFACTURERS’ ASSOCIATION (NIGMA) c/o Hindustan National Glass & Industries Ltd. Post Office - Bahadurgarh, Jhajjar, Haryana-124 507 Opportunities for Indian Glass Companies at Port of Duqm 7 President - KK Sharma Vice President - Jimmy Tyagi Glass News 9 Honorary General Secretary - NN Goyal Secretary & Treasurer - Ankit Bhatnagar SOUTH INDIA GLASS MANUFACTURERS’ ASSOCIATION (SIGMA) How can India become Glass Capital of the World? 19 c/o AGI glaspac (An SBU of HSIL Ltd.) Glass Factory Road, Off. Motinagar Boron, Borates and Borosilicate Glasses: Part - I 21 PB No. 1930, Sanathnagar, PO Hyderabad -500 018 President - Sandip Somany UTTAR PRADESH GLASS MANUFACTURERS’ SYNDICATE (UPGMS) On the Spot... Sushil Jhunjhunwala 27 c/o General Traders A-10, Industrial Estate, Firozabad – 283203 (UP) Good Days for Indian Architectural Processed Glass Market 29 President - Raj Kumar Mittal Vice President - Sanjay Agarwal Vice President - Uma Shankar Agarwal AIGMF at glasstec 35 Hony. Secretary - Parag Gupta Treasurer - Deepak Gupta About The AIGMF 40 Jt. Secretary - Ritesh Mittal WESTERN INDIA GLASS MANUFACTURERS’ ASSOCIATION (WIGMA) c/o Empire Industries Ltd.- Vitrum Glass Advertise in Kanch 41 Empire House, 2nd Floor, 414 S.B. Marg Lower Parel, Mumbai - 400 013 rd President - G K Sarda 3 Global Container Glass Meeting 43 Honorary Secretary - Naresh Gupta

Quarterly Journal of Glass Industry, published and printed by Boron, Borates and Borosilicate Glasses: Part - II 44 Vinit Kapur on behalf of The All India Glass Manufacturers’ Federation from 812, New Delhi House, 27 Barakhamba Road, New Delhi – 110001 List of Advertisers 47 and printed at New United Process, A-26, Ph-II, Naraina Indl. Area, New Delhi-110028 T:+91 11 2331 6507 F:+91 11 2335 0357 E: [email protected] On the Spot... Sanjay Somany 48 Editor MOHAN LALVANI Complimentary copy for Members / Government Departments / NGO's Indian Refractories Industry Update 50 and those connected with Glass Industry Others: Price (excluding bank charges): Specialty Glass and Optical Fibre R&D Focus in India 52 Indian Companies : ` 125 per copy Annual Subscription ` 450 Green Building Congress 2018 Evokes Excellent Response. Foreign Companies : US$ 25 per copy Focused on the Theme- ‘Green Built Environment for People & the 57 Annual Subscription US$ 80 Planet’

Speed, Reliability and Flexibility in Glass Container Inspection 61

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AGI: glaspac Largest manufacturer of wine bottleAGI: glaspacAGI glaspacLargest: Leading manufacturer of wine bottle in Green, Flint, Amber and coloured glass. in Green, Flint, Amber and coloured glass. manufacturer of container glass Preserving authentic Olive Oil…, Preserving authentic Olive Oil…, AGI glaspac: Largest manufacturer of AGI glaspac: Leading manufacturer of glass jar AGI glaspac: Largest AGI glaspac: Leading manufacturer of range of soft drink bottles in Flint, Amber and AGI glaspac: Largest manufacturer of Beer bottle in and bottes with product range 28ml to 4000ml Flint, Amber and Green glass Pharma and Chemical bottles capacity…, Various Shapes …,Neck Finishes.. Green glass with Applied Ceramic manufacturer of Beer bottle in Our range start 5ml up to 4000ml Label printing (ACL) ranging from Flint, Amber and Green glass AGI glaspac: Leadingsingle colour to six colour art work. manufacturer of container glass

AGI glaspac: Leading AGI glaspac: Largest manufacturer of manufacturerAGI glaspac of : Leading manufacturer of glass jar AGI glaspac: Leading manufacturer of range of containerand bottes glass with product range 28ml to 4000ml soft drink bottles in Flint, Amber and Pharma and Chemical bottles AGI glaspac: Largest manufacturer of Green glass with Applied Ceramic AGI glaspac: LeadingAGI glaspac manufacturer: Leading of glass jar capacity…, Various Shapes …,Neck Finishes.. AGI glaspac: Leading manufacturer of range ofOur rangeand start bottes 5ml with up productmanufacturer to 4000ml range of 28ml to 4000ml soft drink bottles in Flint, Amber and Label printing (ACL) ranging from Green glass with Applied Ceramic Pharma and Chemical bottles capacity…, Variouscontainer Shapes glass …,Neck Finishes.. Our range start 5ml up to 4000ml Label printing (ACL) ranging from single colour to six colour art work. single colour to six colour art work. AGI glaspac: Largest manufacturer of AGI glaspac: Leading manufacturer of glass jar AGI glaspac: Leading manufacturer of range of and bottes with product range 28ml to 4000ml Contact:soft drink bottles in Flint, Amber and Pharma and Chemical bottles capacity…, Various Shapes …,Neck Finishes.. Green glass with Applied Ceramic Our range start 5ml up to 4000ml HSIL Limited, PackagingLabel printing Products (ACL) ranging Division, from AGI glaspac, Glass Factory Road, Off Motinagar, P.B.No. 1930,single colour Sanathnagarto six colour art work. P.O., Hyderabad-500 018. Telangana, India. E-mail: [email protected] / [email protected] Phone: +91-040-2383 1771 Fax: (91)-040-2383 1787 Website: www.agi-glaspac.com www.aigmf.com

From President’s Desk

AIGMF participated at the 25th anniversary event of glasstec 2018 (leading global trade fair for the glass sector covering areas of mechanical engineering, glass production, processing and finishing, skilled crafts, architecture/construction as well as window/façade and solar systems) from October 23-26, 2018 where more than 42,000 visitors from over 120 countries came to Düsseldorf, GERMANY to convince themselves of the innovative power of this industry. The glass industry presented itself in high spirits and top investment shape thereby impressively confirming the position of glasstec as a leading trade fair and premiere platform for the international glass sector. AIGMF put up its stall # 13A42 jointly with its international partner ‘Glass Worldwide’ to promote activities of the Federation by distributing complimentary copies of Kanch, Glass News, Guidelines on use of Glass in Buildings – Human Safety, Book on Glass: A Sustainable Building and Packaging Material. AIGMF also participated in the 3rd Global Container Glass Forum held parallelly with glasstec on Oct 25th which was organised by FEVE (FEVE is the association of European manufacturers of glass packaging containers and machine- made glass tableware) at Messe Dusseldorf Headquarters. Participants included from Brazilian Glass Association, FEVE (The European Container Glass Federation), The All India Glass Manufacturers Federation (AIGMF), Japan Glass Bottle Association and Russian Container Glass Association. The next glasstec will be held in line with the regular cycle in two years from October 20-23, 2020 in Düsseldorf wherein AIGMF is again all set to participate as an exhibitor as well as an active member of the 4th Global Container Glass Forum. Parallel to AIGMF Executive Committee Meeting held on Dec 1 at Novotel Hyderabad Airport, a special session was kept on the Opportunities for Indian Glass Companies at Port of Duqm Company S.A.O.C, Sultanate of Oman. Mr. Hilal Al Balushi of Port of Duqm Company S.A.O.C, Sultanate of Oman and their team gave a presentation on Creating a Hub- FOR THE FUTURE. Around 45 members participated in the meeting at Hyderabad, which was hosted by AGI glasspac (HSIL’s Packaging Products Division) and South India Glass Manufacturers' Association (SIGMA)- Hyderabad. With the support of Port of Duqm, AIGMF will plan a visit to Oman comprising of prospective companies looking for such investment opportunities in Feb/March 2019. AIGMF will be organising an open session on "How can India become Glass Capital of the World"? at the next Executive Committee Meeting on Feb 22, 2019 at The Gateway Hotel, Vadodara. Select presentations will be made by the captains of Industry on manufacturing, raw materials, imports/exports covering all segments of glass. The session will be followed by Q&A and way forward. Most of the AIGMF members will be participating and we have very limited seats for others, who will only be registered on first-cum-first served basis. Interested stakeholders may send their consent of participation at [email protected] Participation is free but pre-registration is must for non-members. I invite one and all to participate and be a part of some interesting discussions 

Raj Kumar Mittal President AIGMF President U.P. Glass Manufacturers' Syndicate (UPGMS) and Owner, Geeta Glass Works

Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 2 | July-September 2018 5 Members participated in the Executive Committee Meeting on Dec 1 at Hyderabad and signed petition to use Glass every day and every moment in tune with Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan (clean India campaign). The meeting was hosted by AGI glasspac (HSIL’s Packaging Products Division) and South India Glass Manufacturers' Association (SIGMA)- Hyderabad.

Membership of the Federation

Members of the Federation are classified into two categories; manufacturers of primary glass articles are enrolled as Ordinary Members of the Federation and suppliers to glass industry viz., suppliers of machinery, raw materials, consultants and others connected with glass industry are enrolled as Affiliate Members. Foreign Companies supplying machinery etc., to glass industry are also enrolled as Affiliate Members. Membership forms can be downloaded from www.aigmf.com/membership. php Members of the Federation are enrolled on the recommendation of Zonal Associations viz.: yy Eastern India Glass Manufacturers' Association (EIGMA) yy Northern India Glass Manufacturers' Association (NIGMA) yy South India Glass Manufacturers' Association (SIGMA) yy Uttar Pradesh Glass Manufacturers' Syndicate (UPGMS) yy Western India Glass Manufacturers' Association (WIGMA)

ADMISSION FEE / ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION Ordinary Members: -- Admission fee ` 5000/- -- Annual subscription: Single Unit: ` 27,500 + GST as applicable -- More than one Unit: ` 1,10,000 + GST as applicable Affiliate Members: -- Admission fee ` 5000/- -- Annual subscription: ` 11,000 + GST as applicable -- Applicants for enrollment for a period of five years may pay a consolidated amount of ` 49,500 (including admission fee) + GST as applicable Affiliate Members from countries other than India: -- Admission fee US $ 200 -- Annual subscription: US $ 440 + GST as applicable -- Applicants for enrollment for a period of five years may pay a consolidated amount of US $ 1650 (including admission fee) + GST as applicable ■

6 Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 www.aigmf.com Opportunities for Indian Glass Companies at Port of Duqm

(Dec 1, 2018)

and management). Incentives Package include: - No Personal Income Tax - 100% Foreign Ownership - Tax-exemption for 30 years - Free Repatriation of Profits and Capital - Exception from Import and Export Duties Parallel to AIGMF Executive seaboard of Sultanate of Oman. The - No Minimum Capital required Committee Meeting held on Dec 1 at Port of Duqm Company SAOC Novotel Hyderabad Airport, a special (PDC) is a joint venture between the - No Currency Restriction session was kept on the Opportunities Government of Oman and a Belgian With the support of Port of Duqm, for Indian Glass Companies at Port of consortium comprised of Port of AIGMF will plan a visit comprising of

Select photos and presentations can be downloaded from https://aigmf.com/past-events.php 

Duqm Company S.A.O.C, Sultanate Antwerp (Europe’s second largest prospective companies looking for of Oman. Mr. Hilal Al Balushi of sea-port) and Rent-A-Port (a company such investment opportunities in Feb/ Port of Duqm Company S.A.O.C, specialized in port development March 2019  Sultanate of Oman and their team gave a presentation on Creating a Hub- FOR THE FUTURE. Around 45 members participated in the meeting at Hyderabad, which was hosted by AGI glasspac (HSIL’s Packaging Products Division) and South India Glass Manufacturers' Association (SIGMA)- Hyderabad. It was told that Port of Duqm is a new sea port situated on the south-eastern

Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 7 www.aigmf.com www.aigmf.com

8 Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 2 | July-September 2018 39

Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 2 | July-September 2018 39 www.aigmf.com

GLASS News

SANDIP SOMANY TAKES OVER Council of The All India Glass political and economic news and is an AS PRESIDENT OF FICCI FOR Manufacturers Federation. adventure sports enthusiast. 2018-19 Mr. Somany is widely recognized as a Mr. Somany is also President of pioneer of the Indian ceramic industry South India Glass Manufacturers' and has played an instrumental role Association (SIGMA)- Hyderabad in making it an organized industry. and owns glass manufacturing With more than three decades of units in the name of ‘AGI glaspac’ industry experience, a penchant under HSIL’s Packaging Products for anticipating market needs and a Division (PPD). constant thrust on innovation, Mr. Somany has led HSIL’s evolution from NEW ICG PRESIDENT an Indian sanitaryware maker to a The Council of the International diversified home solutions company. Commission on Glass (ICG) elected Expressing gratitude and talking about Prof. Alicia Durán as its newest his vision for the industry, Mr. Somany President for the period 2018-2021 said, "I am thankful for FICCI's vote at its meeting on Sept 25, 2018 in The Federation of Indian Chambers of confidence in appointing me as Yokohama, Japan. of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) the President. This position is a Prof. Durán is a PhD in Physics and has elected Mr. Sandip Somany, Vice great opportunity as it will allow me a Research Professor at CSIC, the Chairman and Managing Director, to continue to work within FICCI Spanish Research Council. She has HSIL Limited as its President for to meet its objectives aligned with developed her entire professional 2018-19, after the conclusion of industries at large, and our country. career at the Institute of Ceramics st its 91 Annual General Meeting on I look forward to engaging with and Glass (CSIC) being the leader December 14-15. industry stalwarts and leaders to of the Glass research group in the With this coveted industry foster an ecosystem of innovation and Department of Glass. She has also acknowledgment, Mr. Somany will growth, together building consensus been Secretary of the Glass Section be working closely with Government between industry and policy." of the Spanish Ceramic and Glass and business leaders towards Mr. Somany holds a degree from the Society for more than 25 years. spearheading the country's economic prestigious University of California, In 2002, she was appointed as growth and promote inclusiveness. USA and has a Bachelor's degree Honorary Treasurer, which involved He was previously working as the from the University of Delhi. He is an moving the ICG headquarters to Senior Vice President, FICCI. avid reader, keeps abreast of world's Madrid. She continued in this position In the past, FICCI President Mr. Somany has held many industry leadership positions, including that of President of PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry and President of International Chamber of Commerce India chapter (headquartered in Paris). He was also the Chairman of Indian Council of Sanitaryware Manufacturers (INCOSAMA) and a member of the Executive Committee of Governing ICG Ex-Presidents with the new President Prof. Alicia Duran (right)

Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 9 until 2015, when she was elected Vice- already begun and is expected to Sparschuh: Managing Director, SCHOTT President. Now she has become the be completed within 18 months. Glass India Pvt. India said, “We feel President of the association. It is the Production from the new tank is proud that SCHOTT’s manufacturing first time that Spain has accessed this scheduled to begin by January 2020. journey is a resounding success story role in its 85 years, and Prof. Duran is The new glass tank facility will help of ”Make in India” campaign wherein the second woman to be awarded the fulfil the constantly growing demand not only world class products are role among the 25 Presidents of the of premium borosilicate glass tubing manufactured for domestic and association. like FIOLAX® clear. It is used for high export markets, but also new talents The new President has established as quality pharmaceutical packaging, are nurtured in the process. The her main objectives: the promotion especially vials and ampoules for India new facility will help us increase the of Education through the ICG as well as for export markets. production capacity by an additional Summer School, ICG Winter School, Commenting on the role of India’s 50%. I am excited to announce that and a new ICG North America growth in the pharma sector, in our investment in the new tank will School; continuing support for the realizing SCHOTT Tubing’s global provide jobs for 70 additional local initiative on Young Scientists and ambitions Dr. Patrick Markschlaeger, workers, bringing the total count to Technologists; and the reinforcement Executive Vice President, SCHOTT 425”. and promotion of the activities of AG, Business Unit Tubing shared, Dignitaries including Maharani the Technical Committees, accepted ‘‘The rapid development of the Radhikaraje Gaekwad of Baroda, Dr. as the backbone of the ICG. As new Indian pharmaceutical market Jürgen Morhard, German Consul objectives, she is promoting the requires a strong growth of high- General, Mumbai, Ms. Radhieka ICG2030 project as the tool to adapt end pharmaceutical packaging and in Mehta, Director, Indo-German the structure of the association to the consequence high-end pharmaceutical Training Centre and Mr. Parthesh new challenges of the world of glass tubing. We estimate a market growth Vyas, Head, CII Vadodara graced the and will develop a new initiative for for premium packaging and therefore ground-breaking ceremony of the the Promotion of Women in the field for tubing to continue on a very strong new tank facility. of glass and in the ICG. level in the coming years. In addition Dr. Jürgen Morhard also shared, to the supply of the domestic market, “SCHOTT Tubing India is one of the BOOST FOR MAKE IN INDIA! SCHOTT Tubing India will also serve SCHOTT TUBING INDIA TO finest examples of bringing together the strong growing Asian market FURTHER INVEST 20 MILLION the expertise of German technology outside of India and will therefore EUROS and Indian skill force. I would like be an important hub for the Asian SCHOTT AG, a global pioneer in to congratulate all the employees market.” manufacturing pharmaceutical glass of this plant, as it is their excellent and packaging, has announced the Speaking on the relevance of performance which is driving this launch of a new glass tank in its Indian SCHOTT’s investment and expansion of the company. SCHOTT manufacturing plant at Jambusar, employment opportunities, Mr. Georg has well showcased how foreign Gujarat. The German technology group is further growing its production capacity through this new tank facility with a total investment of more than 20 million euros (approximately INR 180 crores). The investment comes at a time when the company is celebrating 20 years of operations in India. The expansion is in response to the increasing demand for high-quality pharmaceutical packaging material in the global market. Construction work on the new tank facility has

10 Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 www.aigmf.com manufacturing companies can conjunction with the 59th Meeting on gathered in groups around an allocated partner with India to take the ‘Make Glass and Photonic Materials together table to discuss their thoughts and in India’ campaign to the next level. with the 14th Symposium of the Glass questions at a more personal level I am confident that its approach Industry Conference of Japan. with an allocated mentor. will be followed by similar German The first morning included two Plenary Of the delegates 376 were from companies who want to pursue talks. Prof Akio Makashima spoke Japan with 29 from China. Germany business in India and further establish on the subject ‘Scientifically really and the USA were close behind with the city of Vadodara as a German important or Technologically really 24 delegates each. A further 95 came industrial hub.” important?’ while Takuya Shimamura from 17 European countries and 30 SCHOTT’s India plant functions of AGC Inc., Japan spoke on ‘The from other Asian countries while as a production hub for SCHOTT Past, Present and Future of Japan’s six were from Russia and four from Glass Industry – Its contribution to Brazil. pharmaceutical tubing in Asia and our Sustainable Society.’ produces the branded FIOLAX® ICG also held meetings of several of pharmaceutical tubing. FIOLAX® The opening session was concluded its committees and at the Council glass exists since 1911 and provides by a talk from the winner of last year’s Meeting Prof. Alicia Duran was an unprecedented quality standard Gottardi Award, Dr. Ashutosh Goel, elected as its 25th President. The in the industry through SCHOTT’s of Rutgers University. This year’s previous incumbent, Prof. Manoj perfeXion® process since 2017. winner, Prof Shifeng Zhou of South Choudhary, had completed his term perfeXion® stands for the transition China University of Technology, was of office. from statistical quality control to unable to attend. The final act of the conference was for 100% automated inspection of each They were followed in turn by some the representatives of the American individual FIOLAX® tube – based 200 oral and 100 poster presentations. Ceramic Society to issue an invitation on big data. Hence, it is introducing The conference theme defined during to all those present to participate in th Germany’s Industry 4.0 to its Indian the opening ceremony was further the 25 Triennial ICG Congress in factory in the most effective manner. developed by four keynote speakers. Boston, USA, from June 9-14, 2019. Besides new production hall for For the main programme, 60 invited ENVIROGLASS BATCH the tank, SCHOTT will also build speakers spoke on one of six sub- REFORMULATION PRESENTS new construction for energy themes: Glass Production Technology; SIGNIFICANT COST SAVINGS supply, workshops and warehouse. Radioactive Waste; Glasses for AND ENVIRONMENTAL Additionally, there will be an expansion Photonic Technologies; Electric and BENEFITS of storage for energy, engineering Magnetic Functions; Crystallisation Leading specialists in glass, Glass and logistics infrastructure within and Glass Ceramics and Atomistic Technology Services Ltd., have the plant. As part of the production Views of Glass. demonstrated that reductions in CO network within SCHOTT’s Tubing 2 The short talk by a different younger emissions, combined with significant business unit, the new tank will be glass technologist each day gave a feel cost savings, may be possible for built and equipped with all latest for available career paths and how to glass manufacturers through batch state-of-the art machinery as used in approach job hunting. Students then reformulation. all other tubing factories worldwide.

GLASS INDUSTRY ATTENDS ICG CONFERENCE IN JAPAN The ICG 2018 Conference in Yokohama, Japan had the theme of Innovations in Glass and Glass Technologies wherein 588 delegates from 29 countries attended the four- day event held from September 23- 26, 2018. The ICG Conference was run in

Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 11 Carried out in partnership with In partnership with Sheffield Hallam the oversized pane was secured into Sheffield Hallam University, the University (SHU), Glass Technology place with dowels. The glass, together EnviroGlass project proposed that Services secured a grant of £1,56,645 with its steel base, weighs nearly four substantial savings may be possible for this work under the Energy Catalyst tons. and has successfully demonstrated Initiative from Innovate UK - the UK Due to its show-stopping popularity, proof of concept for the substitution government’s innovation agency. The Eastman plans to install the glass at of raw materials with waste streams British Glass Environmental Steering from other sectors - reducing energy Group awarded a further £30k to its Ghent South Production Plant demands, emissions and waste and support the project and to cover (Eastman, Ottergemsesteenweg-Zuid contributing towards the circular some of the additional costs incurred 707, 9000 Ghent, Belgium) before the economy. in carrying out the project. end of the year. It will be placed next to the Customer Service Lab, easily In one amber glass example these If you are working in the glass, accessible for customer visits. waste streams could replace raw energy from waste or combustion materials at up to 8 wt % while technology sectors and would like to “We hope that this installation reducing furnace temperatures by up be involved in the next phase of the inspired our visitors,” says Mr. Kevin to 39°C. Further benefits included a project, EnviroGlass 2, please contact Moens, Global Commercial Director reduction in NO emissions, refractory X Glass Technology Services Ltd., on Architecture – Advanced Interlayers wear, landfill and transportation as [email protected] at Eastman. “Since this type of glass well as a faster melting rate due to For further details of this project, can be used to achieve an open, airy the form of elements in the wastes please visit www.glass-ts.com/ aesthetic and a smooth transition studied. projects/enviroglass-decarbonisation- between interior and exterior spaces, Across the wider float and container and-batch-reformulation architects at the show were imagining glass industry, potential benefits could all sorts of design possibilities.” amount to a reduction of more than VISITORS STUNNED BY WORLD’S LARGEST GLASS Eastman’s enormous laminate pane 1,50,000 tonnes of CO2 emissions and £5 million in energy costs in the PANEL AT GLASSTEC 2018 IN is comprised of two 12mm high- DÜSSELDORF, GERMANY UK alone. quality, heat-strengthened, low-iron Oversized glass was taken to the next glass panes laminated with 1.52 Saflex In UK amber glass production this level at the Eastman exhibit during could equate to annual savings of over Structural PVB interlayer. It is 40 the 25th anniversary of glasstec, the £5,00,000 in energy costs, combined percent larger than a glass panel made largest international glass trade fair with a 35 GWh/year reduction in with conventional PVB*. that ran from October 23-26, 2018 energy demand and a 42kT/year *When calculated to DIN 18008, wind in Düsseldorf, Germany. Eastman reduction in CO2 emissions. Across load 0,5 kN/m2, line load 0,5 kN/m. the wider float and container glass Chemical Company, manufacturer industry, potential benefits could of Saflex® product glazing solutions The spectrum of construction amount to a reduction of more than for architectural and automotive applications where glass panes can be applications and the Vanceva® Color used is extensive including commercial 1,50,000 tonnes of CO2 emissions and £5 million in energy costs in the System for laminated glass, offered and office buildings, museums, UK alone. visitors a real showstopper with exhibition halls and conference the world’s largest laminated heat- centers, hotels, restaurants, as well as Glass Technology Services routinely strengthened glass panel made with residential buildings. work with manufacturers to Saflex Structural PVB interlayer at troubleshoot and optimise batch With such a large format, there can 18m long and 3.22m high. and melting operations, but the be time and cost efficiencies with EnviroGlass project set out specifically The glass panel was so large a the production and assembly of one to investigate the challenges identified special truck from Saint-Gobain was oversized panel versus multiple smaller within the glass industry’s 2050 required for transport from eastern panels. Architects and designers have decarbonisation road map and identify Germany and installation at the Messe unlimited design flexibility, especially cost-effective routes to achieving Düsseldorf. With the help of two when paired with Vanceva Illusion decarbonisation. cranes and numerous suction cups, White or VancevaColor Interlayers.

12 Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 www.aigmf.com

FEVE, FERVER, EXPRA reporting on recycling rates in the corporate groups. Manufacturing plants AND EURIC JOIN FORCES Directive clearly refers to the actual are located across 23 European States FOR AN AMBITIOUS AND reprocessing into products, materials and include global blue chip and major COMPARABLE MEASUREMENT and substances and must therefore be companies working for the world’s POINT FOR GLASS RECYCLING consistent with the EU end-of-waste biggest consumer brands. www.feve.org FEVE, FERVER, EXPRA and EuRIC criteria established for glass” insisted EXPRA (The Extended Producer are committed to increasing the Mr. Baudouin Ska, Secretary General Responsibility Alliance) is the quality and efficiency of the glass of FERVER. Mr. Emmanuel Katrakis, organisation for packaging and recycling value chain through separate EuRIC Secretary General, further packaging waste recovery and recycling collection, quality recycling and closed emphasized that “it is key to show systems which are owned by the obliged loop manufacturing of glass. To help that the entire glass sector agrees on industry and work on a not-for-profit or achieve this, a single, harmonised, a single, robust and harmonised point profit not for distribution basis. EXPRA ambitious and enforceable calculation of measurement for glass recycling acts as the authoritative voice and methodology for the reporting of which supports end-of-waste criteria common policy platform representing glass recycling in all Member States is and will further drive quality along the the interests of its members, which are needed. value chain”. all founded and run by or on behalf of All material streams should have The European Commission is still the obliged industry. www.expra.eu an equal level of ambition when to finalise implementing legislation EuRIC: Through its Member Recycling reporting recycling rates, regardless establishing rules for the calculation, Federations from 20 EU and EFTA of the complexity of different verification and reporting of data for countries, EuRIC represents today recycling value chains. In the case of verifying compliance with the recycling over: 5,500+ companies generating an glass, FEVE, FERVER, EXPRA and targets set in the Waste Framework aggregated annual turnover of about 95 EuRIC have a common understanding Directive and in the Packaging & billion €, including large companies and that the measurement point is at the Packaging Waste Directive. EXPRA’s SMEs, involved in the recycling and trade input to the cullet treatment plant, Managing Director, Mr. Joachim of various resource streams; 300,000 as this is the “recycling operation” Quoden, commented: “We strongly local jobs which cannot be outsourced where waste is “actually reprocessed welcome a uniform definition for to third EU countries; An average of into products”. They also take the the measurement of recycling and 150 million tons of waste recycled per ambition further and propose that believe that recycled waste should year (metals, paper, plastics, glass and non-glass losses and non-targeted be measured at the gate of the beyond). www.euric-aisbl.eu/ materials should be deducted. recycling plant as the data can only SUPPORTING INNOVATION IN be ascertained until the plant’s gate, “We are delighted to have such GLASS – CONGRATULATIONS a strong partnership calling for in order to deliver fair and reliable TO PILKINGTON UK comparable and ambitious reporting statistics. We welcome the initiative Leading independent specialists in on glass recycling” stated Ms. Adeline by the glass sector to agree on the glass, Glass Technology Services Ltd., Farrelly, Secretary General of FEVE. “recycling operation”, which is crucial (GTS), are proud to support research “Measuring real recycling will drive in this respect”. and development across the glass local implementation of high quality FERVER is the association of glass industry and its supply chain and were separate collection for glass”. recycling companies in Europe, its honoured to sponsor the ‘Innovative FEVE, FERVER, EXPRA and EuRIC members are spread over 19 countries Solution’ category of the glass also recommend maintaining a clear and recycle more than 70% of the glass industry’s Glass Focus 2018 awards. and consistent legal framework collected in Europe. www.ferver.eu Congratulations to Pilkington UK, between the End-of-Waste FEVE is the Federation of European who were announced as the winners Regulation, the EU Waste Framework manufacturers of glass containers and of the ‘Innovative Solution’ award Directive and the EU Packaging and machine-made glass tableware. Its at the Glass Focus 2018 dinner and Packaging Waste Directive, which members produce over 20 million tonnes awards ceremony organised by British supports an ambitious and comparable of glass per year. The association has Glass on Nov 22, 2018. Pilkington implementation of the reporting. some 60 corporate members belonging UK received the award for their “The measurement point for to approximately 20 independent Pilkington AviSafe™ development - an

Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 13 innovative coated glass which aims to security, and noise control. specialist knowledge in glass and prevent occurrence of bird/window Mr. Philip Marsh, Business technical support. Please see www. strikes. Development Manager at Glass glass-ts.com Developed by Pilkington’s UK-based Technology Services Ltd., presented GTS provide regular updates and research and development technology the award on the night and said: research news through its website, centre, Pilkington AviSafe™ utilises “As a partner across a wide range of glass social media and newsletter – to a patterned UV-enhanced coating to receive updates or interact through R&D, we were delighted to sponsor this make the glass visible to birds while social media, please see www.glass- award and recognise the importance maintaining the optical transmission ts.com/newsletter that continual innovation in glass plays of the glass. in the modern world - from architecture, PIRAMAL GLASS IMPROVES Mr. Simon Slade, a keen ornithologist eco-design and packaging to medical EFFICIENCY WITH REAL-TIME based at the R&D Technical Centre, devices, technology and energy. INSIGHTS; LOWERING TCO BY was a key driving force behind the Congratulations to Pilkington UK on 70% WITH MICROSOFT AZURE project and described the issue: this innovation, which through research IOT “Millions of birds die each year when comparing human and avian vision in Piramal Glass, a global specialist in they fly into glass in homes, offices, and the visible and ultraviolet spectrum design, production, and decoration of bus shelters. This is a growing challenge enabled a patterned coating to be glass packaging (flaconnage) solutions for the glass industry, architects and developed and applied to the glass that for Pharmaceutical, Cosmetics & specifiers. is visible to birds without any significant Perfumery, and Specialty Food & Reflection strikes, when birds fly toward detriment to the aesthetic properties of Beverage industries, has deployed something reflected by the glass such facades and glazing.” Microsoft’s Azure IoT platform to as the sky or vegetation, are the main Glass Technology Services Ltd., (GTS) digitally transform its manufacturing cause of the problem: some existing is a leading provider of analysis, operations. An early adopter of products are effective, but reduce the mechanical and performance testing, the technology, Piramal Glass has transmission of the glass and the view quality assessment, failure analysis, currently implemented the solution, from inside the building.” glass research and development Real-Time Manufacturing Insights Although Pilkington AviSafe™ has not and a range of consultancy services (RTMI), on 46 production lines across yet been commercially released, it has - specialising in glass, raw materials their four plants at Kosamba and been tested on jumbo plates of glass and glass products. Accredited to Jambusar in Gujarat, India, Sri Lanka and the United States of America. The plants have an overall capacity of 1375 tons per day, with 12 furnaces and 60 production lines, all of which run on a 24/7 basis. Piramal Glass has leveraged IoT to get real-time visibility into its line manufacturing operations and to analyze production line losses at various stages. Using Azure IoT Hub, Microsoft helped Piramal Glass acquire data from sensors on production lines to identify quality parameters at each stage and get insights on line efficiencies in real-time. This resulted in improved production efficiency and cost reduction up to and Pilkington expects the coating ISO/IEC 17025 and ISO 9001 quality 70% as compared to a glass industry to be applied in other applications standards, Glass Technology Services manufacturing execution system including solar control, safety and has an established reputation for (MES).

14 Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 www.aigmf.com

Mr. Vijay Shah, Director – Piramal brought in its Plant Monitoring to create a manufacturing process Glass & Executive Director – Piramal System hosted on Microsoft Azure. Digital Twin. Enterprises Ltd., said, “As the world’s The sensors on high speed conveyor IoT has reached an inflection point most preferred supplier of glass lines were interfaced with data and is helping businesses improve packaging solutions, Piramal Glass is acquisition devices that record the operational efficiency and generate committed to continuously adding key metrics, as the bottles move new business models from their value to its customers. We are happy along the production line. This data existing assets and equipment. to have collaborated with Microsoft is aggregated on an edge gateway and Microsoft believes that in the on our journey towards digital then pushed to Precimetrix’s Plant coming years, this will be the new transformation and business critical Monitoring System on the cloud. normal across all industries and that future readiness. Glass manufacturing A custom solution was developed on companies will need to leverage IoT is a complex process with many top of this platform to provide stage- to maintain competitive advantage. interactive variables. Combining wise losses, production reports, Piramal Glass is committed to fast digital technologies with precision quality control workflows as well tracking its journey towards Industry high-quality glass manufacturing, has as role-specific KPIs on PCs and 4.0 by leveraging Microsoft’s end- helped us fortify our accelerated smartphones of plant personnel. to-end IoT platform & Cognitive growth path.” Actionable alerts are sent through Services. The Azure IoT platform enabled SMS, email and push notifications Piramal Glass to connect and monitor whenever there is an anomaly SCHOTT KAISHA BRINGS their equipment to gain real-time detected or the production efficiency NEW PORTFOLIO OF HIGHLY visibility into operational data that drops. In summary, RTMI has CUSTOMIZABLE PREFILLABLE was previously unavailable. The democratized real-time information GLASS SYRINGES TO INDIA technology integration was designed availability to all plant stakeholders, SCHOTT KAISHA has launched for fast and easy set-up to rapidly enabling them to take faster decisions. a highly specialized glass syringe showcase the results and build on its Piramal Glass is the largest specialty portfolio in India, that further existing sensors, equipment, systems, glass player in Asia and has been the minimizes the risk of drug/container and data. fastest growing glass company in the interactions for sensitive drugs. As part of its German partner SCHOTT’s Mr. Sashi Sreedharan, Managing world for over a decade. The company iQ™ platform, syriQBioPure® is a Director, Microsoft India, said, is the only significant player from “Microsoft is committed towards the Asia with a strong presence in technological advancement of the the premium segment. It has manufacturing sector in India. We are progressed rapidly on its Digital excited to partner with Piramal Glass Transformation journey and has as they create a strong foundation for made substantial investments driving transformational change. It is in IoT as well as other digital significant that Microsoft technology technologies. While many of enabled plant operations to continue its digital initiatives started as usual during the rollout of the as experiments, a number of Azure IoT solution, ensuring no these have been scaled up, disruption to the core manufacturing namely, computer vision to and deep integration with critical improve worker effectiveness, business processes.” persuasive technologies to drive To facilitate this transformation, innovation, bots to enhance Precimetrix, a Microsoft partner, employee productivity & AI

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Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 15 hugely customizable glass prefillable HSIL TO SET UP RS 350CR vkosnu djus ds ek=k 59 feuV esa staked-needle syringe (PFS) GLASS CONTAINER UNIT IN specifically designed to keep sensitive CUTTACK Í.k LohÑr gks tk,xkA drugs stable over shelf life and HSIL Ltd., has proposed to set up a mUgksaus dgk fd fiQjkst+kckn dk shorten time to market while making Rs. 350 crore manufacturing unit for dkap mn~;ksx yxkrkj rjDdh djs] administration more convenient for glass containers at Cuttack. patients. blds fy, Hkh ljdkj dk;Z dj The plant would have a capacity of Complex biotech drugs always face jgh gSA 1,30,000 tonnes per annum and is a threat of interacting with their expected to create direct and indirect dk;ZØe esa lnj fo/k;d euh"k container system. These interactions cannot be predicted and can lead employment for over 1,200 people. vlhtk] f'kdksgkckn Mk- eqds'k to unintentional aggregation or Odisha's State Level Facilitation oekZ] Mh,e usgk 'kekZ] lhMhvks usgk deterioration of the drug which may Cell has already recommended the tSu] ,Mh,e vrqy flag] ,lMh,e eventually compromise the total cost proposal to State Level Single Window lnj nsosanz flag] lh,evks Mk- ,lds of ownership, shelf life of the drug and Clearance Authority for approval, the treatment efficiency. official said. nhf{kr] ,lchvkbZ ds egkizca/d izHkkr dqekj feJk] ,yMh,e ,lds Mr. Rishad Dadachanji, Director, For Odisha government's Single SCHOTT KAISHA shares, Window for Investor Facilitation and [kaMysoky] mik;qDr mn~;ksx 'kjn “The syriQBioPure® syringes, Tracking (GO-SWIFT), a web portal VaMu] lgk;d Jek;qDr jktho dqekj manufactured in St. Gallen, for doing business in the state, it was Switzerland, combine features to flag] iznw"k.k cksMZ ds izHkkjh vf/dkjh the 500th investment proposal. ensure stability and safe administration ihih JhokLro] mn~;eh nsohpju of sensitive drugs. Our clients often "It is encouraging to note that within vxzoky] gsear vxzoky] jktdqekj work with complex biologicals that a short span of one year, GO-SWIFT require an extremely reliable PFS has received the 500th investment 'kekZ] jktho vxzoky] nhid tSu solution. We are happy with the proposal," said Industries Secretary eq[; #i ls mifLFkr FksA response that this offering is receiving Mr. Sanjeev Chopra. from our existing and potential ,p,lvkbZ,y dh dVd esa clients.” ?kj cSBs 59 feuV esa feysxk 350 djksM+ #i;s fuos'k ls A Quality by Design approach, ,d djksM+ rd Í.k 'kh'ks ds daVsuj cukus dk la;a=k benchmark manufacturing and quality fiQjkst+kckn&,e,l,ebZ ;kstuk ds rgr yxkus dk izLrko control processes using breakthrough inspection technology, combined dsnzh; xzkeh.k ,oa fdlku dY;k.k ,p,lvkbZ,y fyfeVsM us vksfM'kk ds with best-in-class components has ea=kh Ñ".kk jkt] fof'k"V vfrfFk_ lwcs dVd esa 'kh'ks ds daVsuj cukus ds established syriQBioPure® as a esa dSfcusV ea=kh izks- ,lih flag c?ksy_ fy;s 350 djksM+ #i;s ds fuos'k ls preferred container solution globally. izHkkjh ea=kh uhydaB frokjh us lh,yih Its application has proven to be fofuekZ.k la;a=k cukus dk izLrko fn;k beneficial in achieving: (dkaVsªDV ySl ysfMax IysViQkeZ) ;kstuk gSA jkT; ljdkj ds lw=kksa us bldh • Ultra-low tungsten residuals dk 'kqHkkjaHk fd;kA tkudkjh nhA bl la;a=k dh {kerk (ICP-MS certificate available) Hkkjrh; LVsV cSad dh vxz.kh cSad lkykuk 130000 Vu dh gksxh vkSj • Uniform silicon layer 'kk[kk n~okjk vk;ksftr dk;ZØe blls 1200 yksxksa dks izR;{k ,oa • Low adhesive residuals esa eq[; vfrfFk dsanzh; xzkeh.k ,oa vizR;{k jkstxkj feysxkA vf/dkjh • Low E&L from latest high-quality fdlku dY;k.k ea=kh Ñ".kk jkt us us dgk fd vksfM'kk ds jkT; Lrjh; elastomer formulations dgk ns'k ds iz/kuea=kh 100 'kgjksa lqfo/k iznkrk izdks"B us jkT; Lrjh; The new glass syringes work with esa ,e,l,ebZ dk 'kqHkkjaHk djus tk leading safety and autoinjector ,dy f[kM+dh LohÑfr izkf/dj.k dks devices, meeting market demand for jgs gSaA igys mn~;fe;ksa dks Í.k ysus bl izLrko dh fliQkfj'k dh gS ■ products that can be administered at ds fy, cSadksa ds pDdj dkVus iM+rs (News Source: AIGMF Research Team/World home for seamless patient comfort. FksA vc lh,yih ;kstuk esa vkWuykbu Wide Web)

16 Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 See Your Happiness Through Gold Plus Glass

Gold Plus Glass Industry Limited

Apna Desh Apna Glass… www.goldplusgroup.com | www.fb.com/goldplusglass | [email protected]

The All India Glass Manufacturers' Federation How can India become Glass Capital of the World? and Executive Committee Meeting to be held on Feb 22, 2019 at Marigold Conference Room, The Gateway Hotel Vadodara, Akota Gardens, Akota, Vadodara - 390 020 (Meeting is hosted by Piramal Glass Ltd.) 1100 hrs Tea/Coffee 1120 hrs Welcome address by: - Mr. Sanjay Tiwari (Ex Com Member; Chief Operating Officer - Piramal Glass Pvt. Ltd., India and CEO & Managing Director - Piramal Glass Ceylon Plc, Sri Lanka) - Mr. Raj Kumar Mittal (President AIGMF) 1130 hrs How can India become Glass Capital of the World? - PPT by Mr. Rajesh Khosla (Ex Com Member and President AGI glasspac) - PPT by other speakers - Open Discussion - Q & A - Way forward 1330 hrs Lunch 1430 hrs AIGMF Executive Meeting (for AIGMF members only) 1600 hrs Wrap-up

- Participation is free but pre-registration is must for non-members - Interested stakeholders may send their consent of participation at [email protected]

THE 11th WORKSHOP FOR NEW RESEARCHERS IN GLASS SCIENCE AND APPLICATION GLASS FORMATION, STRUCTURE, AND PROPERTIES Is this for you ? & If you are a new PhD or Masters student or have recently started HAZARDOUS WASTE VITRIFICATION research in the glass industry then the answer is yes. MONTPELLIER (France), 8th-12th JULY 2019 - Normal fee: 900 € The workshop will be composed of two interwoven threads. - Reduced fee: 350 € for students and academic staff. The first thread will overview fundamentals in glass science The fee includes 2 coffee breaks and a lunch per day, a welcome emphasising structure-property relationships, experimental reception and conference dinner. techniques, material simulations and tools that probe structure. - Lodging and meals : 250 € Specific properties and applications will be discussed e.g. The fee includes 6 nights lodging with breakfast in a student optical behaviour, transport phenomena, nucleation and residence at the University. Final date for lodging reservation is crystallisation, and strength. 15/05/2019. The second thread this year will focus on glasses for - The textbook of the Montpellier summer school (recommended) : hazardous waste immobilization, to echo the importance of the “Teaching Glass Better”: 45 € (10% discount) nuclear industry and other significant areas of waste disposal. Attention will be given to glass formulation and structure, long- A more complete programme will appear soon on the ICG web term corrosion behavior, as well as melting technologies for site (www.icglass.org) nuclear waste glasses. The lecturers will be world experts in their fields. A significant Pre-registration: Deadline 15 / 04 / 2019 aspect of the workshop will be student-centred projects that By simple email to: [email protected] will help participants to develop their understanding by Registration: Deadline 15 / 05/ 2019 applying what they know to specific issues. Participants will be limited to: 30 (Glass Science) Organization: Prof. J. M. Parker, University of Sheffield, UK & 20 (Glass Applications) Prof. B. Hehlen, University of Montpellier, France Prof. R. Conradt , uniglassAC GmbH Co., Germany Dr. O. Pinet, CEA-Marcoule, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France

Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 19

www.aigmf.com Boron, Borates and Borosilicate Glasses: Part - I

Prof. (Dr.) A. K. Bandyopadhyay Technology Consultant & Ex-Principal Govt. College of Engg. & Ceramic Technology West Bengal University of Technology, Kolkata [email protected]

Abstract

Boron is a very important element that makes a range of interesting chemicals and a variety of compounds. In the form of boron trioxide, it is incorporated into silica to make boro-silicate glasses that have a very wide range of applications from high tech to our domestic usage. In the first Part-I of this article, some interesting applications will be described after giving a brief historical background on boron and its compounds. In the Part-II of this article, some of the newer applications of boro-silicate glass will be considered.

INTRODUCTION laboratories, and even well-designed a majority of commercial glasses are At this moment, most probably, you tea and coffee pots … the list goes on usually fabricated involving silica, e.g. are surrounded by glass, as it is a vital and on [1-4]. A picture of a modern container glass, float glass, etc. [1- component of modern living: Mobile tea-pot made of boro-silicate glass 3]. In the same manner instead of device screens, smart TV screens, is shown in Fig. 1 at the end of this pure borates, borosilicate glasses for smart windows, various glass fixtures article. kitchen-wares, boro-float glasses for in modern buildings, light bulbs and With four oxygen ions surrounding it, buildings, boro-fluoride glasses for various types of lamps for our lighting silicon forms silica-tetrahedron that optical lenses, etc. are quite common. needs including surgical lamps, solar is the basic ‘building’ unit of a silicate Now, we have to understand why arrays to create renewable energy glass, which is the most common glass boron is used. Anhydrous Borax and that is environment-friendly, optical product. Similarly, if three oxygen Borax Penta-hydrate are the borate glass fibres for faster communication ions are surrounding a boron atom, it products most often preferred for across the continents, optical glasses forms a boron triangle that would be borosilicate glass. Therefore, alkaline- for our eyes and lenses for telescopes. the basic unit of a simple borate glass, free boric acid is used as the source of Apart from Medium to High Tech which is not very common, although boron in flat panel glass, such as flat- applications as described above, there both silica and boric oxides are screen TV sets, smart-phones, digital are also bottles and jars for food and the perfect “glass forming” oxides, displays, etc. [4]. Boron is also used drink, drinking glasses and bottles i.e. they hold the main ‘structural in very thin fibre glasses for optical of all shapes and sizes for a variety skeleton’ of glass in place. However, communication that enables luminary of drinks, cosmetics jars and small due to many reasons, pure borate photons to be transferred effectively glass bottles for healthcare creams, glasses are not common like pure in communication systems. Boron has microwave dishes and kitchen- silica glasses, which are generally utility in many tile glaze compositions wares for cooking at our home, test used in the chemical laboratory (fused as well - to reduce the melting tubes and beakers for the chemical silica crucibles). With soda and lime, temperature for better body-glaze

Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 21 adhesion giving rise to better quality deposits were discovered in 1872. described glassmaking by Arabs glazed tiles for the interior decoration Originally, the ore was hauled out and others in 1225: The reason is of the buildings. using twenty mule teams. The current that borax is added so that the glass In the first part of the paper, open pit in the Mojave Desert began endures the most severe thermal interesting (common) applications as an underground mine in 1927, and extremes and will not crack. The will be described briefly with three Boron Operations was converted to a earliest European mention of borax more distinct (not-so-common) surface mine in the late 1950s. in glass occurs in a German work by applications at the end of the article. It is important to do Geochemical Johann Kunckel in 1679, giving recipes But, first of all, let us give a historical Analysis that can be easily obtained for artificial gems that are important background of such an important using portable X-ray fluorescence till today. element like boron. (XRF) analyzers, which are useful In 1739, another German, Johann in a variety of applications including Cramer, recommended this recipe HISTORICAL BACKGROUND ‘material science laboratory’. X-ray for crystal glass: 60% of prepared Boron was simultaneously discovered fluorescence (XRF) that is very flints (silica), 20% of purest alkaline by a Chemist in England: Sir Humphry useful for the glass industry is a non- salt (potash), and 20% of burnt Davy as well as by two French destructive analytical technique borace (borax). British author Robert Chemists: Joseph L. Gay-Lussac and used to determine the elemental Dossie wrote in 1758 that the best Louis J. Thenard. In 1909, the first composition of materials. XRF looking glass plates contained 56% ‘nearly pure’ boron was produced analyzers determine the chemistry of white sand, 23.5% pearl ashes by an American Chemist: Ezekiel a sample by measuring the fluorescent (potash), 14% saltpeter, and 6.5% Weintraub. The name boron comes (or secondary) X-ray emitted from a borax. He also noted that borax helps from the mineral, called borax, which sample when it is excited by a primary glass receive certain colors. In our gets its name from the Arabic word X-ray source. Each of the elements recent paper [7], ligand field theory «burah». present in a sample produces a set was discussed for coloration in mainly Boron doesn’t occur in nature in of characteristic fluorescent X-rays, silicate glasses, whereas in borate an elemental state, but it combines i.e. “a fingerprint” which is unique glasses the coloration is little bit with oxygen and other elements to for the specific element, which different due to the ligands (oxygen form boric acid, or inorganic salts is why XRF spectroscopy is an ions) associated with boron atom. called borates. According to the excellent technology for qualitative During the 18th century, glassmakers U.S. Geological Survey in 2017, and quantitative analysis of material in many parts of the world began to boron compounds, mainly borates, composition. understand the properties of borax, are considered as commercially Formed by the evaporation of but its price—£750 a ton in London important, and boron products are seasonal salt lakes, the first deposits in 1750—remained far too high for priced and sold based on their boric of borax were discovered in Tibet. general application. Then in the 19th oxide content (B2O3), varying by ore Around the 8th century, traders century, technical developments and compound and by the absence or brought borax along the Silk Road to in the industry coincided with new presence of calcium and sodium. The the Arabian Peninsula where it was borate discoveries in Italy, Turkey, and four borate minerals — colemanite, used in metallurgy. The quantities the Americas, which led to substantial kernite, tincal, and ulexite — make traded were small, its method of reductions in price. Borax cost less up 90% of the borate minerals used production was secret, and its source than £100 a ton in 1850, and less than £20 by the 1890s. For the first by industry worldwide. remained a mystery to those outside time in history, borax became viable the trade. Although a precious and Most borate is mined in Turkey, USA, for modestly priced, mass-produced expensive commodity, borax became and South America. In California goods [5]. This is a classic example popular during the Middle Ages in (USA), US Borax, this is a part of how price of a given commodity (or a Europe as a flux for soldering and in famous mining giant: Rio Tinto group chemical item) drives the application the refining of metals and assaying of that operates the largest open-pit of a given component, and also how ores. mine and the largest borax mine prices could be reduced by more and in the world, producing nearly half The history of early borosilicate glass more production of the concerned the world’s borates [5,6]. Borate takes us to China, where Zhao Rukuo item.

22 Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 www.aigmf.com

SOME APPLICATIONS between metals and non-metals, called ‘aneutronic fusion’ – a form It should be pointed out that boron is boron exists in many polymorphs with of fusion power in which negligible not as flashy as gold (e.g. ornaments), different crystal lattice structures, amounts of neutrons are released. nor as elusive as rare earth metals some more metallic than others. 2. Boron as an Energy Carrier (various special usage), and not as Metallic boron is extremely hard and well-known as copper (e.g. electrical has a very high melting point. Due to Some compounds containing boron, wires), nonetheless it is an important some of these characteristics, boron nitrogen and hydrogen can effectively industrial metal. Boron is very versatile mixed with its neighbour carbon store and transfer hydrogen. This because it easily accepts electrons forms very hard “boron carbide” that is important because hydrogen is is used as cutting tools, and it is also from other elements to form many an ideal candidate to store energy an important ceramic material for interesting compounds with both produced by wind farm and solar special applications. metals and non-metals. Boron is energy plants. primarily used in glass and ceramics, In the guise of domestic use, boron Sodium difluoro (oxalato) borate, but it is also used to make smart- compound also arrives into the phones, flat screen TVs [4]. Boron average home as a food preservative, on the other hand, can outperform is also used to prepare detergents, especially for margarine and fish. some commercial compounds as buffer solution, insecticides, insulation However, boron is not present in an ‘electrolytic salt’ for emerging and semiconductors. It is interesting nature in elemental form. It is found sodium-ion batteries, which could to learn why researchers are combined in borax, boric acid, etc. be a great candidate for large-scale investigating boron as a source of and as mentioned earlier it also exists energy storage. energy, as an energy carrier, and for in minerals called kernite, ulexite, and heat conservation. colemanite. 3. Boron for Heat Conservation Apart from its use in different types of One of the most important items is Some solar water heating and solar glasses, there are also various uses of Boric Oxide. This pure anhydrous power generation plants are using boron. Amorphous boron is used as a form is ideal where boric acid is borosilicate collector tubes to harness rocket fuel igniter and in pyrotechnic required without metals. A powerful reflected radiation from mirrors, flares. It gives the flares a distinctive tool in the production of specialty so the steam turbines can be driven green colour. The most important glasses, ceramics, enamels, and compounds of boron are boric or in a more efficient way. Moreover, welding/soldering fluxes. Boron oxide boracic acid (H3BO3), borax or in recent years, more stringent – specifically pure boron trioxide – is sodium borate (Na2B2O7) and boric building standards with respect to oxide (B2O3). These can be found in needed for the production of certain heat conservation have been evoked eye drops, mild antiseptics, washing types of glasses including powders, and a host of medicinal optical and telescope creams as skin-care products. lenses, medical glasses like ampoules, It is interesting to know that boron electronic glasses is quite a multipurpose element. It and glass-ceramic is a crucial nutrient for plants, an composites. Moreover, important component in the nuclear industry and the main ingredient of boron finds its place many fluids. In chemistry we take in some futuristic recourse to the periodic table where special applications, as the position of any element is given described below: with some details on atomic number, electronic configuration, etc. Boron 1. Boron as a Source is placed next to carbon on the of Energy Periodic Table of Elements. Boron is Some scientists are a metalloid, i.e. a substance with both examining whether we metallic and non-metallic properties. can get energy from Apart from its intermediate position boron using a technique Fig. 1: A borosilicate glass Tea-pot with filtration system.

Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 23 CONCLUSIONS REFERENCES The importance 1. A. K. Bandyopadhyay, “Glass - a of boron in the Sustainable Building and Packaging Material”, published and printed manufacture by Vinit Kapur on behalf of AIGMF, of different New Delhi, (March, 2016). types of borate 2. A. K. Bandyopadhyay, compounds as “Transparency in Float Glasses and well as borosilicate some Applications”, Kanch, Vol. glasses in a variety 2[3], (2014), 23-26. of shapes and 3. A. K. Bandyopadhyay, “Technology sizes for a host Fig. 2: A gorgeous borosilicate ‘glass artisan bracelet’ created of Float Glasses”, Kanch, Vol. 5[3], by Xeno Glassworks. This has a wave design with blue, yellow of applications (2012), 33-36. cannot be over- and green colours that reminds us of the ocean. 4. A. K. Bandyopadhyay, “Smart emphasized. After City and Glasses for Flat Screen thereby promoting the use of borates giving a historical background on Products – Part II”, Kanch, Vol. for fibre-glass insulation. how boron came into existence and 3[4], (2016), 21-24. the level of consumption increased With all the above applications in 5. Rio Tinto Website (World’s largest with prices dropping with more mind, it is expected that boron will mineral processing company production, various applications of contains a lot of information in continue to be a star in our tech- boron in borosilicate glasses are their website). driven society. From fertiliser to depicted here. In the second part of 6. www.usborax.com (California OLED screens, it is poised to have a the paper, some exotic applications, based company for mining boron). big impact being in the spotlight. such as textile fibres and infrared absorption will be described to 7. A. K. Bandyopadhyay, Coloured Some of the unusual borosilicate highlight the importance of boron Glasses: A Part of the Theoretical glass items are shown in Fig. 1 and in general and borosilicate glasses in Aspect - Part I, Kanch, Vol. 5[4], Fig. 2. particular. (2018), 7-11 

SOMANY CONFERENCE HALL at office

"Somany Conference Hall" can accommodate 18- 20 people.

Hall is equipped with 43" Smart Wi-Fi TV, Computer work stations and other basic facilities.

AIGMF members can avail Hall for business meetings (at no charge) which could be planned between 10 am to 5 pm, Monday to Friday and 10 am to 2 pm on Saturdays.

Booking is however subject to its availability on a working day.

Request for booking may be sent at [email protected]

24 Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018

Focus India www.aigmf.com

On the Spot... Sushil Jhunjhunwala

Announcing ambitious expansion plans for a new greenfield plant, Sushil Jhunjhunwala spoke exclusively to Glass Worldwide about La Opala’s specialist production of opal and lead crystal tableware, as well as his pride at recently being awarded the AIGMF’s inaugural C K Somany Glass Award.

GW: What are La Opala’s plans for a new to our Uttaranchal plant and will been maintained, our preference is manufacturing facility? construct a new greenfield plant, to to continue long-term partnerships. In addition to our current operations in Uttaranchal and open in 2021. But there has to be constant Madhupur, we have acquired significant land located close With three lines, we will be development, because we are looking able to produce a lot more glass, to improve all the time. similar to our existing product range Having been the first company in but with the benefit of different India to convert to an electric furnace shapes. We are already recruiting in 2008, we would not consider the workforce and our experience in any other form of melting at the the business means we can train the new plant. We are proud not to use engineers and operators with great oil or gas and we find real quality expertise. and environmental advantages with electric melting. Like our other plants GW: What is the motivation for with no chimneys and low pollution, such significant investment? the new plant will not look like a The new plant is a major investment typical glass factory! and is being funded internally… but with increased production comes GW: Are market conditions in India the benefit of partly reduced costs demanding increased production? too. And the new plant will greatly In general, tableware is growing, assist us in continuing to innovate becoming more affordable and better with new products, designs and quality. Strength is also improving marketing. as we temper all our products. Investment in machinery and But demand for opal glass is not technology at the new plant will increasing. It’s a difficult market be with many of the same leading and whatever we produce is not international suppliers we have necessarily easy to sell. Demand has worked with previously. If the quality to be created and we have to find Sushil Jhunjhunwala is honoured to receive the first C K Somany Glass Award. is proven and the relationship has new ways to sell. As well as cost advantages, opal has many benefits over porcelain, being tougher with no scratch marks, for example. It’s also a real advantage and very important that opal glass is bone ash-free; with the big health agenda, there is a real opportunity to increase market share. So these are both challenging and exciting times… but without challenge, there is no life! GW: And how is the tableware market performing outside India? Tableware is required everywhere, so the market should continue to grow… but there is competition across the world. La Opala’s design, innovation and world class quality is key. And then it’s about how you

Manufacturing capacity has been increased to 18,000 tonnes at La Opala’s Uttaranchal site since the addition of a fifth production line. control costs when making a world Furthermore, the introduction of a press machine has permitted the addition of cups and mugs to the plant’s product range class product.

Originally published in Glass Worldwide, preferred international journal of AIGMF

GW80 Nov-Dec 2018 ALT.indd 16 Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 10/01/201927 09:43 Focus India

GW: What were the highlights of the investment programme at your Uttaranchal plant last year? We added one more line to make five in total, increasing capacity to 18,000 tonnes. With the addition of a press machine, we have added cups and mugs to our product range in Uttaranchal, having only been manufactured at our original plant in Madhupur in the past. This expansion has been very successful, providing logistical advantages for domestic sales and exports. Now we also have an in-house decal plant and are manufacturing our own decal sheets. This investment means an improvement in the quality of paper and printing, particularly beneficial to vases. It also further supports our very talented design team

with their innovative and original ideas. AIGMF dignitaries celebrate Sushil Jhunjhunwala’s recent C K Somany Glass Award recognition, from left to right: K C Jain (HNG Float), Raj Kumar Mittal (AIGMF President), Bharat Somany (HNG), Sushil Jhunjhunwala (La Opala), Pradeep Kumar Gupta (Om Glass Works), Sanjay Somany (HNG) and Mukul Somany (HNG). GW: What is the future for the Madhupur plant? Our recent expansion at Uttaranchal Succession plans are key to any C K Somany Glass Award, supported by Glass and plans for the new plant are all business so earlier this year, my son Worldwide? in addition to the well-established Ajit took over as Managing Director La Opala has always been very active in the field of activities in Madhupur. We completed and I am now Vice Chairman. innovation and every year, the company is honoured to the latest modernisation programme With my daughter-in-law receive prestigious awards. However, to personally be the there last year, changing the electric co-ordinating design and advertising first winner of the C K Somany Glass Award is extra special furnace and converting to 80% activities, there are many benefits of for me. Mr Somany was like my guardian and was such a automatic production (there will this being a family run business. We warm person. He was the Indian glass industry’s figurehead always be products that require some can make fast decisions and adapt and was always very open to offering technical assistance manual operation). We purchased new quickly when necessary. and advice. He is greatly missed. l machines over a three year period and when future attention is required, we GW: Recognising your valuable will invest accordingly. contribution in the fields of technology, manufacturing, GW: How has La Opala’s innovation, services and education, management structure changed in what did it mean to you recently to recent times? be awarded the AIGMF’s inaugural

Sushil Jhunjhunwala and Sanjay Jain of Piramal Glass Pvt collected awards at the AIGMF ceremony last August.

Further information: La Opala RG Ltd, Kolkata, India tel: + 91 76040 88814/15/16/17 email: [email protected] web: www.laopala.in Under Sushil Jhunjhunwala’s management, La Opala produces a diverse range of opal and lead crystal tableware.

Originally published in Glass Worldwide, preferred international journal of AIGMF

GW80 Nov-Dec 2018 ALT.indd 17 10/01/2019 09:43 28 Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 Focus India www.aigmf.com Good days for Indian architectural processed glass market An extended slowdown of the Indian float glass market in recent years has failed to dampen the steady growth of the local processed glass market. Indian producers and downstream processors have steadily increased their installed capacity by adding new tempering, insulating, laminating and coated glass lines. On an aggregate basis, barring China, the country has more glass processing lines than most other Asian countries. Via discussions with key players, Sunder Singh tracked the sector’s development for Glass Worldwide, preferred international AIGMF journal.

Comprising four primary producers/ Low usage in residential segment Good days ahead processors, about a dozen mid- Whereas the use of value added/processed glass has Although the Indian glass processing sized processors and 65 small-scale gained immense popularity in commercial buildings in recent industry has enjoyed steady growth, processors, the Indian processed times, residential buildings, which account for almost 62% most told Sunder Singh that the growth glass industry has added significant of flat glass consumption, still heavily use plain float glass. phase has only just started. Sharanjit capacity in recent years. In the last three years, however, some newer residential Singh, CEO and Managing Director of Currently, the nation has 223 properties have started to use processed glass but these one of the largest glass processors in tempering, 82 insulating and buildings are only a fraction of total residential constructions. the country, GSC commented: “There 63 laminating lines in operation. Leading glass processors are optimistic about future is an enormous potential for processed Estimated in the range of INR 17-19 demand. Gaurav Bansal, CEO of Merrut-based Allied glass industry in the country. Hitherto, billion, the processed glass market Glasses told the author: “Until a decade ago, there was demand was confined to large-scale has grown at a rate of about one and hardly any usage of processed glass in the Indian residential commercial constructions. Even in a half times of the economy in the sector. However, high end residential properties have started mid-sized commercial constructions, past five years. The Indian economy using processed glass in an increasing manner. We expect developers and builders were either grew at 6.6% in FY 2017-18, with this segment to contribute higher volumes in the future.” using plain flat glass or at most, an expectation to grow by 7.4% in 2018-19. In early 2017, India was projected to be the fastest growing economy in Asia but higher crude oil prices and bumps from financial and fiscal measures lowered growth rates to 6.6% in 2017-18. The processed glass industry was also impacted by a series of one-off events, such as the implementation of GST (July 2017) and a demonetisation of currency (November 2016), which had a dampening effect on growth. However, the economic outlook for 2018-19 is expected to be more buoyant, with the IMF projecting the Indian economy to grow by 7.4% and further accelerate to 7.8% in 2020. This would make India the world’s fastest growing economy in 2018 and 2019, the top ranking it briefly lost in 2017 to China. Newer residential properties have started to use processed glass but these buildings are only a fraction of total residential constructions.

Company Manufacturing location(s) Installed capacity Technology suppliers Sezal Glass Silvassa Four tempering lines, three insulating and three laminating lines Glaston, Land Glass, LiSEC, Bystronic, HOAF, Scholz and Intermac Gold Plus Glass Sonipat and Kala Aamb Six tempering lines, five laminating and four insulating glass lines Glaston, LiSEC, Ekang Tech, Land Glass and Schiatti Angelo GSC Glass Greater Noida and Six tempering lines, three laminating lines, three insulating lines, Glasstech, North Glass, Scholz, Lenhardt, LiSEC, Navi Mumbai three ceramic printing lines and five ceramic fritting lines Rujkan, Diptech, Giardina and AG Engineering Fuso Glass Chennai, Hyderabad Six tempering lines, four PVB laminating lines with autoclaves, and Mumbai five IG lines and three ceramic fritting lines Glasstech, Land Glass and North Glass FG Glass Mumbai Four tempering lines, four IG lines and three laminating lines Uniglass, Hegla and Landglass Kochhar Glass Bhopal Four tempering lines, three IG lines and two ceramic fritting lines Glaston, North Glass, LiSEC and Land Glass Major tier I glass processors in India.

Originally published in Glass Worldwide, preferred international journal of AIGMF

GW80 Nov-Dec 2018 ALT.indd 20 10/01/2019 10:01 Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 29 Focus India

tempered glass. But now, even small leaders. The company claims to have retail establishments have started supplied glass for 18 airports in such using insulating glass, with one pane cities as Delhi, Mumbai, Hyderabad of coated glass to reduce heat gains. and Bengaluru, as well as glazing With the gradual decrease in the price for Infosys Technologies Campus, of high quality processed glass, rising Hyderabad and Facade Glazing for awareness among consumers and Anna Centenary Library, Chennai. increasing purchasing power of the vast Meanwhile, Fuso has also supplied middle class, processed glass demand glasses to major IT parks of TCS and has started to gain momentum. We Infosys, as well as recently exporting anticipate that growth in the local 35,000m2 of glass for the Vision processed glass industry will be at least Exchange project in Singapore. twice the industry growth for flat glass in the next three years.” Major players Sharanjit Singh’s company, GSC A decade ago, glass processors Glass is one of the largest glass were concentrated around the processors in the country, with facilities major metro cities of Delhi, Mumbai, in Greater Noida and Mumbai, spread Chennai, Kolkata, Bangalore and over 12 acres of industrial land. The Hyderabad. Comprising approximately company has a covered area of 80 companies, today however, the 300,000ft2, a subsidiary in Belgium industry has spread to almost all and various resident representatives in corners of the country. As the use of different cities. processed glass has become more The General Secretary of the popular in tier II and tier III cities, a New Delhi-based Federation of number of processors have set up Safety Glass ( FOSG) explained that establishments in these cities and processed glass consumption in towns. Most of these companies are India is still not driven by mandatory still confined to processing tempering regulations or standards, adding glass but they are expected to develop that there is huge user segment in full-scale capabilities that embrace commercial construction that uses tempering, insulating and laminating glass merely as a cosmetic finish to glass in the future. not exceeding 4.2mm and where at least one dimension buildings and generally compromises Tier I producers located in and exceeds 1500mm, whether coated or uncoated. “The anti- on other performance and safety around the major metro cities of Delhi, dumping imposed shall be effective for a period of five years characteristics. “There is an urgent Mumbai, Chennai, Hyderabad and from the date of publication of this notification” according to need to frame rules and regulations Bangalore lead the industry in terms of the notification. that ensure minimum standards are volume and value. These processors Investigations by the Directorate General of Anti-Dumping followed in the industry for safety, have been engaged in glass and Allied Duties (DGAD) had found that the tempered glass security and most importantly from processing for more than two decades has been exported to India from China below its associated the point of view of energy efficiency. and have been able to establish state- normal value. Also, it concluded that the domestic industry With 40% of energy consumed in of-the-art facilities. has suffered material injury, which was caused by the dumped India by buildings, it is imperative With the emergence of a number imports of goods from China. that standards ensure we save up of new glass processors in the last to 30%-40% energy from current three years, the industry has become Primary producers and processors unregulated practices by the use of highly fragmented, with considerable Two of the largest float glass processors, Saint-Gobain modern processed glass products and emphasis on the acquisition of and Asahi Glass India are also leading glass processors in systems.” tempering capabilities. In the second India. Both companies have invested extensively in setting Ramesh Chouhan, CEO and half of 2018 alone, about 36 tempering up state-of-the-art glass processing facilities at multiple Managing Director of Chennai-based lines are expected to commence locations in the country to cater to for steady demand for Fuso Glass commented: “The Indian commercial operations. processed architectural glass. glass processing industry is in the Two other companies, Sezal Glass and Gold Plus Group initial phase of growth. However, Anti-dumping duties were initially exclusively glass processing companies but ours is a unique country with different for Chinese imports both subsequently established their own float plants. Sezal geographical and climate zones, so In second half of 2017, the Indian Glass later sold its float glass operations to market leader there cannot be standard products or government imposed anti-dumping Saint-Gobain India. performance criteria as in European duties on tempered glass imports markets. In these conditions, the role from China for five years to protect Asahi Glass of processors becomes very crucial the domestic industry from below cost India’s second largest float glass producer, Asahi Glass is to deliver value added products imports. also a major processor. The company operates architectural for customised solutions. The The Indian revenue department glass processing plants in Roorkkee, Chennai and Taloja. performance of any high performance has issued a notification imposing anti- Its products include heat reflective glass, energy efficient coated product depends on dumping duty in the range of $52.85- reflective glass, solar control glass, upvc windows, tempered processing quality.” $136.21 per tonne, a duty imposed burglar-proof glass, lacquered glass, frosted glass, sound- With glass processing facilities on ‘textured toughened (tempered) resistant glass and impact-resistant glass. In addition to in Chennai, Hyderabad and Mumbai, glass with a minimum of 90.5% glass processing, the company has facilities for mirroring, as Fuso Glass is among the industry’s transmission, having a thickness well as hard and soft reflective coatings.

Originally published in Glass Worldwide, preferred international journal of AIGMF

GW8030 Nov-DecKanch 2018 |ALT.indd Vol. 6 22 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 10/01/2019 10:01 Focus India www.aigmf.com

Company Location Zone Products Allied Glasses Meerut North Tempered, laminated and insulating glass Hindustan Glass Works Allahabad North Tempered and insulating glass Gurind Glass India Noida North Tempered glass Mehr Image Pvt Ltd Noida North Tempered and insulating glass Nanda Glass Industries Noida North Tempered glass Birkan Engineering Industries Ghaziabad North Tempered, insulating and laminating glass Structural Glazing & Insulation Lukhnow North Tempered and insulating glass Art N Glass Delhi North Tempered, laminated and insulating glass Keenat Glass Works Delhi North Tempered glass Sheesh Mahal Tuff Glasses Rohtak North Tempered and insulating glass Dura Tuff Glasses Bahadurgarh North Tempered glass Chandra Lakshnmi Glasses Rai, Sonepat North Tempered and insulating glass Swastik Toughned Glass Sonepat North Tempered glass Mico Glass Industries Gurugram North Tempered, laminated and insulating glass Surbhi Glass Gurugram North Tempered glass TL Verma & Co Baddi North Tempered and insulating glass J K Toughened Glass Jallandhar North Tempered, laminated and insulating glass Ridhi Sidhi Glasses India Jaipur North Tempered, insulating, laminating and ceramic coated glass Jaipur Toughened Glass Jaipur North Tempered glass Shree Neelkamal Glasses Jaipur North Tempered glass Aaimaa Industries Jodhpur Central Tempered glass Wadhwa Glass Raipur Central Tempered and insulating glass GlasXperts is the architectural arm of the company for Shree B K Glass Raipur Central Tempered and insulating glass glass design and installation services for the retail sector. Sahil Glass Industries Indore Central Tempered glass According to Asahi India’s management: “GlasXperts Jajoo Architectural Glass Vadodara West Tempered and insulating glass Bhatia Glasses Thane West Tempered and insulating glass is a one-stop for 360 degree solutions, which integrate Glasstech Industries Limited Mumbai West Tempered, laminated and insulating glass specialised glass knowledge in design, selection and Tuffglaze India Pvt Ltd Mumbai West Tempered and insulating glass V Tuff Glasses Mumbai West Tempered and insulating glass installation of glass in homes, offices and other commercial Hard Glass Ltd Mumbai West Tempered glass establishments. GlasXperts leads the way in providing Alpha Safety Glasses Nasik West Tempered glass innovative concepts and cutting edge solutions in living Dadakrupa Glasses Pvt Ltd Nagpur West Tempered glass Veeral Safety Glasses Pune West Tempered, laminated and insulating glass glass. It meets the needs of consumers for modern, eco- Nanda Glass Industries Pune West Tempered and insulating glass sensitive aesthetics with a full spectrum of world class, high Shree Rang Glass Ahmedabad West Tempered, laminated and insulating glass quality branded glass products, fittings and systems, with Gujarat Toughened Glass Ahmedabad West Tempered glass Rio Glass Ltd Rajkot West Tempered glass assured safety and its hassle-free services.” Impact Safety Glass Works Bengaluru South Tempered, laminated and insulating glass ABC Group of Companies Bengaluru South Tempered, laminated and insulating glass Balaji Safety Glasses Bengaluru South Tempered and insulating glass Saint-Gobain India Toughglass India Pvt Limited Bengaluru South Tempered and insulating glass The country’s largest float glass producer, Saint-Gobain Arihant Safety Glass Bengaluru South Tempered and insulating glass India too has invested heavily in glass processing facilities. Toughglass India Pvt Ltd Bengaluru South Tempered glass Prakash Glass & Rubber Works Hyderabad South Tempered, laminated and insulating glass The company operates state-of-the-art processing facilities N N Safety Glass Hyderabad South Tempered and insulating glass at its Chennai and Biwadi plants. l Nandi Tuff Hyderabad South Tempered glass Annex Glass Works Hyderabad South Tempered glass Galaxy Glass Works Chennai South Tempered glass Manchu Toughened Glass Chennai South Tempered glass Sure Safe Glass Works Kolkata East Tempered, laminated and insulating glass About the author: Saraf Glass Works Kolkata East Tempered, laminated and insulating glass Sunder Singh is a freelance correspondent Brite Glass Works Kolkata East Tempered and insulating glass Bharat Safety Glass Jamshedpur East Tempered and insulating glass Further information: Glass India Guwhati East Tempered glass email: [email protected] Major tier II glass processors in India.

Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October - December 2018

Quarterly Journal of The All India Glass Manufacturers’ Federation Bi-lingual

Interviews Special Feature S K Jhunjhunwala Vice Chairman, La Opala RG Ltd., • Opportunities for Indian Glass Companies at Port of Duqm

and former AIGMF President • Glass News • On the Spot... Sushil Jhunjhunwala • Boron, Borates and Borosilicate Glasses: Part - I Sanjay Somany Chairman and Managing Director, • Good Days for Indian Architectural Processed Glass Market HNG & Inds. Ltd., and former

AIGMF President • 3rd Global Container Glass Meeting • On the Spot... Sanjay Somany • Boron, Borates and Borosilicate Glasses: Part - II

• Indian Refractories Industry Update Upcoming Events • Specialty Glass and Optical Fibre R&D Focus in India • How can India become Glass Capital of the World? (Feb 22) at Vadodara • Green Building Congress 2018 Evokes Excellent Response. • AIGMF Executive Committee Meeting (Feb 22) at Focused on the Theme- ‘Green Built Environment for People Vadodara & the Planet’ • World of Fenestration (Feb 22-23) at New Delhi • Speed, Reliability and Flexibility in Glass Container Inspection Main Story (Page # 35) at

PREFERRED INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AIGMF

Originally published in Glass Worldwide, preferred international journal of AIGMF

GW80 Nov-Dec 2018 ALT.indd 24 Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 201810/01/2019 3110:01

SEE YOU AGAIN 20 – 23 OCTOBER 2020

glasstec.de www.aigmf.com at

AIGMF participated at the 25th anniversary event, the glass industry presented itself in high spirits and top investment shape thereby impressively confirming the position of glasstec as a leading trade fair and premiere platform for the international glass sector. On the four trade fair days from October 23-26, 2018 more than 42,000 visitors from over 120 countries came to Düsseldorf to convince themselves of the innovative power of this industry. 1,280 exhibitors from 50 countries showcased their product highlights in nine halls. Exhibitors unanimously reported promising new contacts and concluding good to very good business deals. The favourable situation in the industry was also reflected by the positive atmosphere in the halls. “glasstec remains the leading international platform for global launches in the glass industry, that the whole glass cosmos follows. The industry works in sync with the two- year cycle of glasstec and gears its innovations to precisely this moment in time. No other trade event can present such a plethora of forward- The VDMA member companies are also highly satisfied with the fair as a whole. looking solutions, products and “Many high-level specialist discussions that look likely to lead to orders were applications. This is also appreciated held with visitors to the fair. Machine manufacturers were clearly focused on the by the constantly rising proportion of issues of digitisation and networked production. Digitisation has reached the international visitors,” commented glass industry,” he said. “Many exhibitors are working intensively at developing Mr. Wolfram N. Diener, Operative future-proof products. And they showcased their solutions at their stands”, confirms Mr. Egbert Wenninger, Chairman of the Board of VDMA's Glass Managing Director at Messe Technology Forum and Chairman of the glasstec Advisory board. Düsseldorf.

Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 35 “Glass is a trend and this year’s glasstec has made this perfectly clear again! The industry keeps moving and the current upswing evidences that the millennia-old history of the material that is glass continues with amazing innovations. As the trade association of the glass industry and conceptual sponsor of glasstec we can look back on an exciting trade fair week. It never ceases to inspire me to see glass in all its diverse applications,” says Dr. Johann Overath, Director General of BundesverbandGlasindustriee.V.

GLASS TECHNOLOGY LIVE AND THE GLASSTEC CONFERENCE LINK THEORY AND PRACTICE The special show glass technology live once again proved the central point of contact for all glasstec visitors presenting itself in a fresh new look for the anniversary event. By extending the team of conceptual partners to include not one but four Technical Universities (Darmstadt, Dresden, Delft and Dortmund) the organisers placed a stronger focus on scientific glass research that put exciting glass products and applications on display. The focal themes staged by glass technology live included interactive façades and display glass, energy and performance, structural glass (solid glass, thin glass and hollow glass) as well as new technologies. For the first time, the glasstec conference pooled the various conferences at one location under a common umbrella brand. This brought theory closer to what was happening in the halls, at the same time deepening the background knowledge of the experts on the trend topics of the industry and skillfully linking up with the exhibits on display.

36 Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 www.aigmf.com

CONFERENCES INCLUDED The technology conference function meets glass, which addresses the challenges of, and solutions for, producing and finishing functional glass and functional glass applications, brought together in excess of 100 participants and experts from the fields of mechanical engineering, production and their users over two days. Under the heading “Perspectives – New Architecture in Glass” the International Architecture Congress introduced to 200 participants the diversity of applications for glass in architecture. Here both the design and functional potential resulting from the innovative use of glass were highlighted. Current developments and scientific research results in structural glass construction and façade technology were discussed at the scientific conference engineered transparency. In addition to the constructive aspects, contributions here focused on energy efficiency and resource conservation in façade construction. 210 participants attended the event.

CONFERENCES ORGANISED BY CONCEPTUAL PARTNERS The topics of glass melting and emissions were dealt with by the partners HVG-DGG (Hüttentechnische Vereinigung der deutschen Glasindustriee. V. and Deutsche Glastechnische Gesellschaft e.V.) (DGG). For the first time this year, the Bundesverband Glasindustriee.V. (BV Glas) (Federal Association of the German Glass Industry) addressed the topic of environmental and climate policy in Germany and the EU (BV Glas). Connected production and new technologies formed the thematic focus of the presentations of the forum organised by the

Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 37 Verband Deutscher Maschinen und Anlagenbauere. V. (VDMA). For the first time, the new event "Daylight by EuroWindoor" took place. It covered the latest news on legislative frameworks and planning aspects of daylighting in buildings.

START UP-ZONE OPENS THE DOOR TO THE GLASS INDUSTRY glasstec is the central ideas and contact platform for new business models and connections. The new START-UP-ZONE in Hall 10 offered 15 young, international companies the opportunity to present their ideas and products to an expert audience, make contacts, build networks and meet a large number of decision- makers. Participants from ten countries (Norway, Finland, India, Italy, Switzerland, Lithuania, Austria, Netherlands, Germany, Taiwan) took advantage of this opportunity. “In the glass industry start ups find it especially difficult to make contact with companies although these could clearly benefit from innovative technologies. The START UP-ZONE has allowed us to obtain valuable feedback and take concrete steps for installations. This is exactly what the industry needs,” noted Mr. Daniel Valenzuela, Business Development Manager at Actyx AG.

FEDERAL GUILD ASSOCIATION OF THE GLAZIER TRADE SHOWS THE CRAFTS OF TOMORROW This year, the Federal Guild Association of the Glazier Trade presented its vision of the craft to trade visitors. In addition to numerous innovative applications, which will expand the glazier's product range, the glass schools exhibited their masterpieces. The special show “Handwerk LIVE” (Crafts LIVE) presented the topic

38 Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 www.aigmf.com

“GLASSTEC CHALLENGE” – NEW COMPETITION FOR YOUNG PROFESSIONALS Another new highlight on the programme was the “glasstec Challenge”. The three large glass schools from Vilshofen, Hadamar and Rheinbach sent teams of two – consisting of students from their 3rd year of training – to Düsseldorf. The students were able to demonstrate their specialist knowledge and skills under competitive conditions. A wide variety of glass products were produced at various hands- on stations. In addition to the quality of the exhibits, the time of implementation, preparation and use of personal protective equipment and workwear was also evaluated. The winners received attractive prizes such as training vouchers and free participation in seminars.

GLASS ART – THE ARTISTIC SIDE TO GLASSTEC 2018 The special exhibition “glass art” in Hall 9 showed the artistic side of the glass industry. The spectrum of exhibits showcased by artists from internationally renowned galleries and ranged from glass vessels and sculptural objects to glass painting. AIGMF put up its stall # 13A42 jointly with its international partner ‘Glass Worldwide' to promote activities of the Federation by distributing "Finishing Glass: from Warehousing a versatile, innovative industry in the complimentary copies of Kanch, to Finished Products". Visitors from other exhibition halls. Even in times Glass News, Guidelines on use of the glass processing trade were able of political turbulence and quarrels Glass in Buildings – Human Safety, to find out here which requirements, that cannot be overlooked, we have Book on Glass: A Sustainable processes and products facilitate the every reason to look to the future Building and Packaging Material. processing and transportation of glass. with optimism. The glazier trade does "The glass industry once again not need any “retrofitting” in order THE NEXT GLASSTEC WILL impressively demonstrated its many to be able to survive in the future,” BE HELD IN LINE WITH THE facets and its potential in Düsseldorf. said Federal Guild Master Mr. Martin REGULAR CYCLE IN TWO Visitors here could experience an Gutmann, President of glasstec 2018 YEARS FROM OCTOBER 20-23, innovative craft in Hall 9, as well as with optimism. 2020 IN DÜSSELDORF

Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 39 About

The All India Glass Manufacturers’ Federation

The All India Glass Manufacturers' Federation was founded in 1944. The Federation is made up of five Regional Associations viz. Eastern India Glass Manufacturers' Association (EIGMA)-Kolkata Northern India Glass Manufacturers' Association (NIGMA)-Haryana South India Glass Manufacturers' Association (SIGMA)-Hyderabad Uttar Pradesh Glass Manufacturers' Syndicate (UPGMS)-Firozabad and Western India Glass Manufacturers' Association (WIGMA)-Mumbai The Federation was incorporated under the Companies Act, 1956 (No. 1 of 1956) as a Limited Company on 15-6-1970. The main aims & objectives of the Federation are:-  To encourage, promote and develop the manufacture of glass articles of all kinds and to safeguard and protect the interests of glass industry and glassware business in India.  To form a common link amongst Glass Manufacturers' in India and thus develop a spirit of mutual help and cooperation with one another.  To promote the study and research in Glass Technology.  To consider all matters relating to the manufacture and marketing of glass articles in India and the question of export and import thereof.  To devise ways and means for securing necessary supply of raw materials required for the manufacture of glass articles at comparatively lower prices and thus to decrease the cost of production and increase the national wealth.  To collect necessary information and data and propagate it for the benefit of Glass Industry and trade in India.  To make representations whenever necessary to the Union Government or any unit of the Union of India for the removal of difficulties that might hamper the trade of glass articles or for grant of special facilities for the Glass Industry.  To draw Government or public attention to the difficulties in the way of Glass Industry and to solve other problems confronting it and to solicit their help and support through concerted action.  To organise a united front on behalf of all glass manufacturers and thus strive to gain all those advantages which may not be possible through individual effort. All those engaged in the manufacture of glass and glass articles are enrolled as Ordinary Members of the AIGMF and those associated with the Glass Industry are enrolled as Affiliate Members of the Federation. Almost all glass manufacturers including many in the small scale sector are ‘Ordinary’ Members of the Federation. Articles of Association of the AIGMF were amended in September 1992 to enroll foreign companies as Affiliate Members of the Federation ■

40 Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 January - March 2019 Issue will carry detailed coverage of AIGMF Executive Committee Meetings, How can India become Glass capital of the World?, Glass News, World of Fenestration events, other supported Events and more. To book advertisement space, mail to [email protected] by March 10, 2019.

is the leading choice for advertising AIGMF website. in the glass and related industries. With A complimentary copy of KANCH along several years of publishing experience, with the invoice will be sent to all advertisers. unrivalled coverage for the worldwide glass Those wanting more than one copy are manufacturing community with up-to-date requested to send their request in advance. news, editorial and features, as well as For convenience, payment can also be exhibitions; KANCH is the best medium to remitted through wire transfer. Our bank communicate with stakeholders. details are as under: We understand your needs as an industry and are committed to assist you in making Remittance from Abroad to: your advertising most profitable. This also popularises your brand and product Bank of Baroda, New York, SWIFT BIC: BARBUS33, FEDWIRE/ROUTING Advertise in portfolio by establishing contacts to suit your company’s requirements. NUMBER: 026 005 322, giving full particulars of Beneficiary i.e. Good quality advertisement material along Account No. : 05860400000062 with a Cheque of the requisite amount Name : The All India Glass payable to ‘The All India Glass Manufacturers’ Manufacturers’ Federation Federation’ may be sent to Secretary AIGMF Bank : Bank of Baroda at the registered office of the Federation. Branch : Parliament Street It would be ideal if you could send your City : New Delhi, India advertisement in PDF high resolution format Payment Instruction Message i.e. MT - (with auto enabled e-mail ID/website address, 103 is to be sent to Bank of Baroda, IBB, if any) helping readers to reach you directly New Delhi, SWIFT BIC - BARBINBBPAR on a single click in KANCH’s e-version / Remittance from India to: Advertisement Tariff* (Deposit Cheque or make NEFT- online Indian Foreign payment) Companies Companies (`) (US$) Account No. : 0411156983 Ordinary Full Page 8000 450 Name : The All India Glass Manufacturers’ Federation Extra Inside Cover Page 9000 500 Bank : Kotak Mahindra Bank Inside Cover Page 10000 525 Branch : G-39, Connaught Circus Back Cover Page 20000 900 New Delhi Extra Folded Cover (front) Page 20000 900 IFSC Code : KKBK 0000214

New Bookmark Advt. (both sides) 30000 1250

New Bookmark Advt. (one side) 18000 600 Centerspread (two pages) 20000 900 A copy of bank advice may please be sent at Half Page 5000 300 [email protected] for reconciliation  Print area for Full Page Advertisement is 21.5 x 30.5 cm Print area for Bookmark Advertisement (one side) is 8 x 16 cm GST as applicable. *subject to revision

Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 41 Temperature Measurement Solutions for the glass industry Temperature Measurement Temperature Measurement Optimize your glass process through continuous Solutions for the glass industry online temperature measurementSolutions for the glass industry Non-contact temperature monitoring Optimize your glass process through continuous Optimize your glass process through continuous Raytek and Ircon branded infrared pyrometers & process imagers online temperature measurement In-process temperature profiling Non-contact temperature monitoring Datapaq profiling systems for dedicated heating applications online temperature measurement Raytek and Ircon branded infrared pyrometers & process imagers In-process temperature profiling Visit us at glasstec 2018 - Hall 14, Stand G48 Non-contact temperature monitoring Datapaq profiling systems for dedicated heating applications Düsseldorf, Germany

Visit us at glasstec 2018 - Hall 14, Stand G48 Visit us at glasstec 2018 - Hall 14, Stand G48 www.flukeprocessinstruments.com Raytek andDüsseldorf, Ircon branded Germany infrared pyrometers & process imagers Düsseldorf, Germany ©2018 Fluke Process Instruments. 08/2018 Raytek, Ircon and Datapaq – Together we are Fluke Process Instruments www.flukeprocessinstruments.com www.flukeprocessinstruments.com ©2018 Fluke Process Instruments. 08/2018 Raytek, Ircon and Datapaq – Together we are Fluke Process Instruments ©2018 Fluke Process Instruments. 08/2018 Raytek, Ircon and Datapaq – Together we are Fluke Process Instruments In-process temperature profiling Datapaq profiling systems for dedicated heating applications www.aigmf.com 3rd Global Container Glass Meeting (October 25, 2018)

AIGMF participated in the 3rd was followed ‘Tour de Table”. The Mr. Judson gave presentation on Global Container Glass Forum different delegations presented the implications of the EU Plastics held parallelly with glasstec on activities from their associations on Strategy for plastics… and for glass. th Oct 25 which was organised by policy & legislative developments, and His presentation covered EU Plastics FEVE (FEVE is the association industry promotion. Strategy and Plastics Litter in the of European manufacturers of Once the tour-de-table was Global Context, Is EU policy on glass packaging containers and completed, participants discussed at plastics showing leadership across machine-made glass tableware) length the issue of plastics pollution the world? and How do other regions at Deutsche Messe Board Room, and how this was affecting the view the developments in Europe? Messe Dusseldorf Headquarters. development of the packaging market Mr. Judson further presented FEVE’s Participants included from in the different constituencies. All views on Food Contact Material Brazilian Glass Association, FEVE regions agreed that it would be useful Legislation. Discussions were carried (The European Container Glass to develop a common platform to on different rules and regulations Federation), The All India Glass exchange information and experience Manufacturers Federation (AIGMF), apply to food contact materials. on Extended Producer Responsibility Japan Glass Bottle Association and schemes, in order to increase glass Meeting ended with an Agreement Russian Container Glass Association. collection & recycling, consumer on follow up and holding of 4th Global Mr. Jean-Paul Judson of FEVE awareness and municipal waste Container Glass Meeting at glasstec in welcomed participants, which management infrastructure. 2020 

https://www.facebook.com/AIGMFIndia/ https://twitter.com/AIGMF_

Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 43 Boron, Borates and Borosilicate Glasses: Part - II

Prof. (Dr.) A. K. Bandyopadhyay Technology Consultant & Ex-Principal Govt. College of Engg. & Ceramic Technology West Bengal University of Technology, Kolkata [email protected]

Abstract

It is known that one of very important elements is boron next to carbon in the Periodic Table that makes a range of interesting chemicals and a variety of compounds. As boron trioxide, if added into a silicate matrix, it gives rise to borosilicate glasses with a very wide range of applications from high tech to our domestic usage. There are various other types of borate glasses, such as alkali-borates, alkaline- earth-borates, borophosphates, alumino phosphates, boro-aluminophosphates, etc., for different types of applications requiring special types of properties. Among all these glasses encompassing a wider composition base, the borosilicate glasses stand apart in terms of impressive list of domestic applications as well as in the scientific and industrial fields. In the Part-I of this article, some interesting applications of borosilicate glasses have already been described after giving a brief historical background on boron and its compounds. In the Part-II of this article, some of the newer applications, such as textile fibre and infrared absorption of borosilicate glass will be considered.

INTRODUCTION i.e. structural stability and coefficients go straight into a hot oven and does Silicate glasses including those of of thermal expansion. However, we not shatter when dropped into a sink commercial glasses with soda-lime- could give a short but simple answer full of cold water. A +5% infusion of silica variety have SiO4 tetrahedra that lies in its composition, i.e. by boron provides a less dense product, as the main building block, whereas simple composition engineering with i.e. structural flexibility and a higher for boron containing glasses, e.g. respect to throwing some boron into melting point, making it useful for borosilicate, alkali and alkali-earth a normal ‘soda-lime silica’ glass with lot of applications more than kitchen borate glasses, boron triangles are the minor adjustment. Here, the trick cooking [4,5]. fundamental building blocks. It makes lies in the addition of boron in the Borosilicate glass is a type of glass with a structure quite compact but with form of boron trioxide – making it a the main glass-forming constituents low thermal expansion to give rise to borosilicate glass [1-3]. as silica and boron trioxide. These a variety of applications that requires Borosilicate glass is resistant to glasses are known to have very low a high thermal shock resistance. temperature change because it does coefficients of thermal expansion (~3 Sometimes we should wonder why not expand like an ordinary glass. It × 10−6 /°C at 20°C), which gives them some glass can go from our freezer to has a smoother transition between a high resistance to thermal shock; hot oven and back again while normal temperatures, and can even withstand more so than any other common silicate glasses can’t? To answer this different temperatures at the same glass. Such glass is less subject to question, we need simple physics in time. This is the reason why a glass thermal stress and is commonly used terms of relation between density tray with cold casserole leftovers can for making ‘reagent’ bottles in the

44 Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 www.aigmf.com chemical laboratories. It has been developed by this German glassmaker applications of borosilicate glass made possible due to boron and its that was sold under the brand name are listed as: (a) Display screens in compounds [6-8]. “Duran” in 1893 [7]. Corning Glass cell phones, tablets, and TVs. (b) Borosilicate glass is sold under a Works is also a famous company Ovenware, tableware, and microwave variety of trade names, most notably in the USA, and 22 years later, they dishes, (c) Laboratory glass. (d) introduced Pyrex in 1915. This name Pharmaceutical and cosmetics Borosil and Pyrex, but there are became a synonym for borosilicate packaging, (e) Lighting glass, (f) Glass many others in the market such glass in the entire western world. microspheres. (g) Boats, cars, trucks, as Simax, Borcam, Suprax, Kimax, trains, and aircraft, (h) Wind turbine Heatex, Endural, Schott, or Refmex. COMMON APPLICATIONS blades, (i) Printed circuit boards The market potential is huge for Many scientific lenses require a glass (PCBs), (j) Aero space applications, such glasses in the chemical labs of that remains both clear and strong (k) Fibreglass pipes and tanks, (l) Glass different schools and colleges as well when exposed to heat. Borosilicate beads, (m) Glass-to-metal sealing, as in various research organizations. microscope lenses and microscope such as in radio valves [8]. As the Govt., budget and also private slides allow scientists to analyze tiny investment increase with the new Therefore, it is seen that boron organism right under their nose and schools and colleges, the demand for is bringing strength to “life” right astronomers use it in telescopes that such glass products keep on increasing from touchscreens without which bring far off galaxies much closer we cannot almost live our modern with time. However, in a smaller part to home. Similarly, the late Space life today to some very important of this market segment, there is some Shuttle Discovery flew 39 missions equipment in the renewable energy competition from the porcelain wares with borosilicate thermal insulation sector, i.e. wind turbine. As a that are chemically resistance as there tiles to protect it from extreme low component of borosilicate glass, is a glass coating (i.e. glazing) on the temperatures during orbital motion in inner surface. space and extreme high temperatures borates improve resistance to thermal shock, increase aqueous durability and Without going into the details of due to tremendous ‘friction’ upon re- mechanical strength, imbue electrical competition between borosilicate entry to the earth. neutrality, and structurally modify the glass-wares and porcelain-wares, it It even has a leading role in the glass to make it resistant to heat and could be safely said that even if the arts. Stage lights can reach high chemicals. chemical stability being the same in temperatures during a three-hour both cases, the former is definitely show. Borosilicate glass is used in both If one is viewing something on a more thermal-shock resistant than the spotlights that keep performers lit tablet or mobile phone – think of a the latter. Hence, for the experiments onstage and the flashlights. It is also plate of borosilicate glass. Alkali-free with harsh thermo-chemical popular for art construction. Also, borosilicate glass is used in all thin film reactions, borosilicate glasses stand ‘glass sculptors’ and ‘lamp-workers’ transistor liquid crystal display (TFT apart much more than any other use this “hard glass” to create LCD) substrate of glass and some products including plastics, although everything from little artisan beads to types of scratch-resistant, protective thermally resistant plastics are huge museum exhibits. outer layers, for touchscreens. available in the market with innovative Most of the borosilicate glassware Moreover, in sealed headlights, lamp compositions. Another important can be used for scientific purpose. covers, halogen bulbs, and fluorescent property of borosilicate glasses makes Borosilicate glass sample “vials” tubes, borosilicate glass provides high them unique in the sense that they are assures the contents’ integrity. Vials electrical resistance, strength, and completely transparent so that many are ideal for storing and sampling durability. Ampoules and vials for chemical reactions could be directly small amounts of liquid and powders. medicine, as well as vacuum flasks, visualized in the open eyes, when Normally there are choices for rely on borates for increased chemical needed. maximum visibility or amber, cobalt resistance and aqueous durability. blue or green for protection from UV In a brief historical perspective, it Pharmaceutical (or neutral) glass can rays. Cobalt blue and green vials are should be mentioned that Otto Schott be engineered so that, in contact commonly used for aromatherapy (Schott Glasswerke) was a famous with aqueous solutions, it creates the and essential oil packaging. glass company in Germany in the 19th same pH as is found in the human century. Borosilicate glass was first Some of the other important body. Also borosilicate glass maintains

Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 45 optimum brilliance. Along with its is also used in the preparation of tiles like those on the U.S. space low coefficient of thermal expansion, boron halides, sodium boro-hydride, shuttle. it makes the material suitable for metallic borates, and borate esters Textile fibreglass comes in several optics such as astronomical reflecting and as a catalyst in the conversion and types, named as A, C, E-CR, D, telescopes and eyeglasses. synthesis of many organic compounds. E, R, or S and forms, i.e. rovings, There are also specialized Now, some descriptions are given yarns, chopped strands, milled applications, e.g. (a) Borate-containing for two important applications, such fibres, or woven and mat textiles. glass beads are used in plastics as as textile fibreglass and infrared Most (90-95%) textile fibreglass reinforcement-extenders, and (b) absorption. products are e-glass (i.e. electronic Hollow microspheres are used to glass). Originally aimed at electrical TEXTILE FIBREGLASS manufacture automotive parts and applications, e-glass is now primarily Boron is also a vital component in the patching compounds. The “light- used to reinforce thermo-set and manufacture of textile fibreglass. This weight fillers for polymeric materials” thermoplastic polymer composite is also known as continuous strand have been possible to be made due to structures that is known as fibre- fibreglass (CSFG), or simply fibreglass. their low-density, high-compressive reinforced plastic (FRP) or glass fibre- Produced in a variety of fibre types strength and insulation from heat and reinforced plastic (GFRP). and forms, the majority of textile sound. Also cover glass and substrate In the textile industry, e-glass used fibreglass is used in wind turbine glass for flat photovoltaic cells have for printed circuit boards (PCB) and blades, different types of vehicles, and specific quality and performance aerospace applications must contain more [4,5]. requirements that sometimes need 5-10% boric oxide (B2O3). e-glass to be met by specialized borosilicate In the glass and textile fibreglass for general reinforcement purposes manufacturing process, boric oxide glasses: high strength-to-weight can vary from 0-10% B2O3. “Low- ratio, impact resistance, and surface functions as both a flux and network dielectric constant” textile glass compatibility with electronics former. It significantly lowers fibres that is used in high-frequency materials. melting temperature and inhibits electronics applications have a higher crystallization of the glass, both of B O content than e-glass, reducing Finally, it is worth mentioning that 2 3 which greatly facilitate processing. the dielectric constant. “nano particles” of borosilicate glass Generally, boric oxide lowers viscosity, With a diameter of a few microns of 100 to 500 nm were prepared in controls thermal expansion, and and coated in an inorganic compound Switzerland for a range of important inhibits devitrification —increasing called silane to improve compatibility applications via gel route and drying durability and chemical resistance, with matrix material, continuous to give rise to powders [9]. Those and also reducing susceptibility to strand textile glass fibres provide who say that ‘glass is everywhere’ mechanical or thermal shock. should be interested to know that a powerful reinforcement for The properties of the final product for “immobilisation and disposal of applications including boats, wind are positively affected by borates. For radioactive wastes”, borosilicate glass turbine blades, pipes, and lightweight example, borates act as a powerful has found its great use in the nuclear composite structural components flux and lower glass batch melting industry [10]. in cars, trucks, trains, and aircraft. A temperatures during fibreglass typical picture of textile fibre glass is It is known that there are a variety of manufacturing that aides the process shown here. container and float glasses for a very of drawing fibres and improves wide range of applications starting durability in use. Borates also with very technical usage to even our improve dielectric properties, domestic needs [1-3]. Many of these and hence these glass fibres are items are made of borosilicate glass, used in electronics or aerospace prepared with silica and 5-20% boric applications, i.e. one reason oxide —specifically, boron trioxide. textile fibreglass made with boric As already said, some of the above oxide is used in the manufacture items are very common types. of printed circuit boards, micro-

Apart from the above non-so- electro-mechanical systems Fig. 1: A typical picture of a large piece of textile exhaustive list of items, boric oxide (MEMS), and thermal insulation fibre glass [6]

46 Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 www.aigmf.com

HEAT RESISTANCE AND REFERENCES INFRARED ABSORPTION 1. A. K. Bandyopadhyay, “Glass It is known that borates - a Sustainable Building and absorb infrared light in the Packaging Material”, published and printed by Vinit Kapur on electromagnetic spectrum. In behalf of AIGMF, New Delhi, domestic solar thermal heating (March, 2016). systems, borosilicate glass 2. A. K. Bandyopadhyay, tubes contain a solar collector “Transparency in Float Glasses that captures solar energy. and some Applications”, Kanch, The industrial version, also Vol. 2[3], (2014), 23-26. known as concentrated solar 3. A. K. Bandyopadhyay, power, uses large-diameter Fig. 2: A typical array of borosilicate glass tubes with “Technology of Float Glasses”, borosilicate glass tubes that Increased Strength and Chemical Resistance for this Kanch, Vol. 5[3], (2012), 33-36. application [5]. carry a heat-transfer fluid onto 4. Rio Tinto Website (World’s which mirrors focus sunlight. CONCLUSIONS largest mineral processing For solar water heating system, the company contains a lot of Important properties of borosilicate information in their website). evacuated solar collector tubes rely glass, such as low thermal expansion on the following: (a) tight control of 5. www.usborax.com (California and high chemical durability, have thermal expansion, (b) the ease of based company for mining boron). been highlighted. The use of boron formability, and (c) the durability and 6. W. Vogel: “Glass Chemistry”, that was quite expensive - restricting impact resistance of borosilicate glass. (Springer-Verlag, Berlin and its use in borate compositions - Heidelberg), 2nd revised edition Some concentrated solar power has finally been very fruitful driving (1994). generation stations in hot countries down its prices for the glass industry use large arrays of borosilicate 7. “What is Borosilicate Glass?”, opening up the possibility for a host www.qorpak.com, (2012). collector tubes to gather reflected of new applications. Apart from its 8. “Borosilicato”, www.refmexgl. radiation from parabolic mirrors common use in a variety of application com, (2012). for the generation of electricity in from medium to high tech domains, steam-driven turbines. These tubes its specific use as textile fibreglass 9. Chemical & Engineering News, “Making Borosilicate Nanoparticles require careful matching of glass and as infrared absorption have also is now Possible”, Vol. 86 [37], and metal thermal expansion and been presented here in the second (2008), p. 35 extreme durability in the demanding part of this article on boron, borates 10. M. I. Ojovan and W. E. Lee, and remote conditions in which they and borosilicate glasses. In the future, “An Introduction to Nuclear are installed [4,5]. A typical array of some more modern applications will Waste Immobilisation”, (Elsevier, borosilicate glass tubes is shown here. be described for borosilicate glasses. Amsterdam), (2005), p. 315. 

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Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 47 Focus India

On the Spot... Sanjay Somany

Describing the company’s move away from the float glass sector to focus on core hollow glass activities, HNG’s Chairman and Managing Director, Sanjay Somany, spoke exclusively to Glass Worldwide, preferred international journal of the AIGMF.

GW: What was the motivation to recently sell the company’s shares in HNG Float Glass to your joint venture partner, Sisecam? The partnership with Sisecam was very successful. They are good people and it was a pleasure to work with them. We wanted HNG Float Glass to grow and I am now very confident that it will go from strength to strength, because that is the backbone of the deal agreed. It was a similar situation to selling the HNG Global plant in Germany to BA Glass in 2016. At both points of HNGIL recently the completed the sale of its shareholding in HNG Float Glass to joint venture partner Sisecam. time, we felt that we had good value for our equity and it was a sensible option for all parties. Our family We have not even considered this and top lines are still under pressure. In my interview with believes it must always be a win-win but if we did, we would ideally go Glass Worldwide two years ago when I described the situation for us to move away. For back to Sisecam because they were difficult market conditions as a ‘blip’, we subsequently us, continuity of business is a prime great business partners and I enjoyed encountered many additional factors such as, for example, mover, so if we were not completely working with them. ‘demonetisation’, currency availability and the liquor ban sure that the partner would progress within 500m of the highway. Recent transport strikes have the business and sustain the people, GW: So HNG is now focusing on its also hampered getting raw materials to our factories. we would not consider selling. core business in the Indian glass These factors made irreparable holes in the business at We have great pride in what was container sector? that time; industry in general suffered and everybody in the achieved at HNG Float Glass and the Container glass is obviously our glass industry had their fair share of worries. company will continue to do well. primary business and will continue to be so. Despite the big challenges GW: How is HNG adapting its business to meet such GW: Are there any plans for HNG in the market, we are now at least challenges? to return to the float sector in the able to get higher volumes out of Our main priority currently is to maximise the situation future? the door, even though the bottom and make sure that the prices are remunerative. The price increase in energy, for example, has been more than 40% but it’s basically impossible for us to pass that on of course.

According to Sanjay Somany, HNG remains committed to improving fuel efficiency,

Sanjay Somany describes Glass Equipment as HNG’s backbone. as well as reducing emissions, NOx, SOx and water disposal costs etc.

Originally published in Glass Worldwide, preferred international journal of AIGMF

GW80 Nov-Dec 2018 ALT.indd 26 10/01/2019 09:46 48 Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 Focus India www.aigmf.com

Speakers at last July’s Central Glass & Ceramic Research interactive conference session, covering the ‘Role of Publications in Brand Promotion’, together with AIGMF and CGCRI dignitaries.

The Indian container glass industry has not been easy for of time especially, such offerings are how it should be launched. Ultimately, eight years and going forward, there will be more challenges. very important and many suppliers are it was produced and tested in front It will take time for rapid improvement but the industry will stepping up to the mark. We have to of her and that’s a great example recover because we can see the perils of plastic all around us look at the whole bandwidth of the to others. She is one of my best and things are moving dynamically in that respect. process, starting with raw materials, students. all the way through to packaging and GW: How are your suppliers of machinery and shipping. Everything can be improved. GW: Providing services from technology assisting you with improving efficiency Cost efficiency is something that design to manufacture of fully in the glass container manufacturing process? drives every business and we have automatic glass forming machines To help cut costs of production, maximise yields and to work harder and harder on it in the and related engineering products, produce better glass at a lower cost, we are constantly current environment. In areas such as what are the latest developments looking for not only advanced products and services but maintenance, we are also investing in at subsidiary company, Glass also knowledge and expertise from suppliers. At this point multiple ways to ensure the business Equipment? could not do any better, considering Having been successfully rebuilt from the market conditions. There is a lot of the ground up, Glass Equipment is innovation behind the scenes. now HNG’s backbone. The company Quality can never be cut. We will guide us through to tomorrow have to keep improving the top and in the long-term, it will stand us quality that HNG is already renowned apart. With our specialisation, we can for; our customers still take that for already compete with the best in the granted and that’s a really important world. perspective. With a powerhouse of knowledge, our team has worked ceaselessly on GW: During these challenging not only upgrading equipment but market conditions, are you able offering expertise in all areas of the to continue dedicating significant glass manufacturing process. The resources to reducing HNG’s pride in the team is phenomenal and carbon footprint? there is a real perfectionist attitude Very much so. In terms of fuel throughout, instilled by the company’s

efficiency, emissions, NOx, SOx, water Vice President, Bharat Somany. Every disposal etc, we look into every item member of the team is a specialist by Sanjay Somany was among the speakers at a recent Central Glass & Ceramic Research interactive conference session, covering the ‘Role of Publications in in great detail to see exactly how it himself. Brand Promotion’. can be lowered. Even though we are Throughout the world, there already better than industry standard, is a realisation that machinery can that doesn’t mean we can’t improve make a real difference in the whole further. production process, never more so My late father, C K Somany, always than when encountering the current said you have to commit to leaving the cost pressures. The capabilities of planet in at least the same condition as Glass Equipment can be huge and when you arrived! That’s our challenge, the whole world is potentially a market because the world is not currently for this business. l running on a sustainable situation.

GW: Are you particularly pleased Further information: Hindusthan National Glass & with any recent product launches? Industries Ltd, Kolkata, India A recent launch of a new Pepsi bottle tel: +91 33 2254 3100 was very successful and I entirely email: [email protected] web: www.hngil.com Sanjay Somany congratulates Sushil Jhunjhunwala on winning the inaugural C K credit one of our students with that. Somany Glass Award. She designed the bottle and discussed

Originally published in Glass Worldwide, preferred international journal of AIGMF

GW80 Nov-Dec 2018 ALT.indd 28 Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 201810/01/201949 09:46 Focus India

Indian refractories industry update Including exclusive interaction with a number of leading players, Sunder Singh presented an overview of the Indian refractories industry in Glass Worldwide, preferred international AIGMF journal.

In the constantly changing world and corrosive chemicals are parameters affecting the temperatures and allowed a much of glass manufacture, to say that refractory and hence, furnace performance. higher throughput of molten glass. refractories play an important role Much like the global refractories industry for glass, India is also following the global would be an understatement. In fact, Indian suppliers have undergone a number of changes in trend of falling specific refractory refractories are one of the most vital recent years. Reducing specific consumption, the entrance consumption in the glass industry. components in glass production. Glass of specilised producers and wider ranges of refractories A figure of 5.4kg per ton of glass furnace refractories have to endure available from leading producers have made the industry produced is still significantly higher than severe environmental conditions very competitive. the global average of 3.8kg per ton but throughout a campaign and proper The improvement of refractory materials has played an a huge reduction of nearly 3kg per ton selection is vital for the quality of glass important role in reducing specific refractory consumption per has been made since 2009-10, when and the length of campaign. Thermal ton of glass produced and increased furnace performance. Glass Worldwide presented its last shock, physical wear, high temperature The latter factor has also led to much higher melting overview of India’s refractories industry. Conventional products are losing ground, while customer-driven product Application Requirements Recommended refractories designs are gaining importance. Crown Volume stability, low permeability and high refractoriness Super duty silica bricks Furthermore, there is increasing Superstructure High thermal shock resistance, corrosion and erosion resistance Zirconia-mullite bricks, mullite bricks Lower sidewalls Corrosion resistance Zirconia-mullite bricks demand for total refractories solutions. Bottom paving High refractoriness under load, corrosion resistance Fused cast AZS refractories “Consumption of refractories in the Insulation Low thermal conductivity, robust mechanical strength Silica insulating bricks Safety layer High refractoriness under load High alumina bricks glass industry is generally decreasing Repair Good thermal shock, corrosion resistance Fused silica bricks, ramming and patching masses with an increase of campaign life Refractories for different parts of the glass furnace. expectation” confirmed Carlo Ratto, Application Requirements Recommended refractories CEO of Fused Cast Technologist, Port lining Erosion resistance Fused cast AZS refractories one of the leading stakeholders in Chamber crown Volume stability, low permeability, high refractoriness Super duty silica bricks, fused mullite bricks Chamber wall Alkali resistance 96-98% magnesite bricks glass industry refractories. “Modern Ride arch, lower wall Alkali resistance Andalusite bricks float glass furnaces are projected to Refractories for a regenerator. last about 15 years and technology

2016-17 2015-16 2014-15 2013-14 2012-13 2011-12 2010-11 increases could potentially increase Production (tons) NA 1,136,289 1,199,871 1,159,467 1,284,654 1,415,081 1,346,159 that lifespan again. But with the Volume growth NA - 5.29% 3.48% - 9.77% - 9.21% 5.11% 6.23% possibility of furnace technology Sales turnover (in 000,000s) NA 667,186 654,007 607,570 569,559 545,822 485,966 Value growth NA 2.01% 7.64% 6.67% 4.34% 12.31% 26.09% becoming obsolete, there is little minor Refractory production in India over the years. Source: Indian Refractory Manufacturers Association (IRMA). interest in increasing that lifespan.

Originally published in Glass Worldwide, preferred international journal of AIGMF

GW8050 Nov-DecKanch 2018 ALT.indd | Vol. 306 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 10/01/2019 10:22 www.aigmf.comFocus India

Modern glass container furnaces have Economic Zone’ to cater mainly for Industry Percentage of refractory consumption a life expectation of about 12 years. export orders. It has an installed Steel 69.2% Cement and lime 7% This is slowly growing in a global capacity of 8000 tonnes for alumina Ceramics 6% glass market segment showing a very and AZS products. Glass 4.8% moderate growth (less than float). In The company’s manufacturing Chemicals 4% Non-ferrous metal 3% general terms, as a result the fused capacity for fused cast refractories is Others 6% cast refractories market is stagnant, 10,000 tonnes/year and 3500 tonnes/ Market segmentation of refractories by industry in India. with very moderate or no growth.” year for sintered refractories. The A key executive from the country’s combined capacities of the Perundurai largest refractories producer, TRL and Palakkad plants makes SEPR manufacturer of refractories in India. It offers a comprehensive Krosaki Refractories Ltd, confirmed Refractories India one of the world’s range of products covering all grades and shapes for that the Indian glass industry is going largest producers of fused-cast industries like glass, steel, copper, cement, aluminium, through number of key challenges. refractories at one location. Serving a petrochemicals and other non-ferrous industries. Refractory “In addition to a slowdown in the wide range of glass industry markets, engineering and management services are also available. domestic market, glass producers are including container, flat, specialty, TRL is one of the world’s largest manufacturers of dolomite under pressure to enhance furnace tableware and fibre, the company says refractories and is the leading supplier of silica refractories life, achieve high productivity and its Indian refractories plants follow for glassmaking and for coke ovens. The company has energy efficiency. In such a scenario, universal SEFPRO standards, with the strategically located manufacturing plants in Belpahar (Orissa), refractory suppliers need to accelerate sintered product plant’s technology Salem (Tamil Nadu) and Jamshedpur (Jharkhand). the development of higher technology modeled directly on the Savoie and improve product quality. We Refractaires sintered plant in France. CUMI (refractory producers) need to have “In India, fused cast refractory Indian company, CUMI (Carborundum Universal Ltd) is an closer association with technology products are only produced at SEPR important player in the delivery of refractories for India’s providers in the glass industry to India plants” Mr R A Rathod from the glass industry. Created in 1954 as a tripartite collaboration render complete refractory solutions to SEFPRO India sales team confirmed. between the Murugappa Group, the Carborundum Co, meet these demands.” “The quality of refractory products USA and the UK’s Universal Grinding Wheel Co Ltd, CUMI Fused cast refractories in from our Indian plant is close to the ventured into manufacturing refractories in 1965. The particular have gained a significant SEFPRO European standard.” Only company has a cumulative installed capacity of 36,000 tons market share in recent years. “The about 10% of total output from Indian of refractory products (6000 tons/year of bonded refractories global volume is around 100,000 tons operations goes to domestic glass and 30,000 tons/year of monolithics). per year” Carlo Ratto confirmed. “It producers, with the rest exported to In 2012, CUMI entered into a techno-commercial sounds a very small amount if you the EU and USA. agreement with UK-based refractory producers Sheffield compare with general refractories but Refractories and Anderman Ceramics to manufacture, supply there is a very opaque area in China RHI AG and install a range of high end refractory solutions for the where assumptions might be a bit Global refractories major, RHI entered glass industry. These products are manufactured at CUMI’s conservative and again for China, the the Indian market by acquiring a plant at Ranipet. Sheffield Refractories is a leading producer capacity of fused cast manufacturers majority stake in leading Indian of specialised refractories, while Anderman Ceramics is a is overwhelming if you compare with refractory producer, Orient Refractory leading international distributor of technical ceramic parts and actual manufacturing levels. After Ltd. In January 2013, RHI purchased components, with operations in the UK, USA and in France. China, the major utilisation is possibly 43.6% of the total share capital of the EU, then North America, non-China ORL and a further 26% by the end of Dalmia OCL Far East and South Asia. Absolute April 2013 via an open offer through The refractories business of Dalmia Bharat Group comprises numbers are relatively confusing, since its subsidiary Dutch US Holding BV in two specialty companies – OCL Refractories and Dalmia consolidation has affected the global the Netherlands. The transaction value Refractories Ltd. Established in 1954 as a unit of OCL India, glass and refractories multi-nationals.” for 69.62% totaled approximately €50 OCL Refractories is a leading refractory supplier to domestic million. and export markets. Set up in 1959, Dalmia Refractories Saint-Gobain SEFPRO RHI produces refractories for the (previously Shri Nataraj Ceramics and Chemical Industries Among the glass industry’s major glass industry under the Monofrax Ltd) is a pioneer in high alumina refractory bricks. suppliers, Saint-Gobain SEFPRO and Refel brands and has served the The group’s refractories business has four manufacturing is a pioneer in the manufacture of refractory needs of leading glassmakers plants in India, one in China, a technology centre and sales fused cast and sintered refractories. in Europe and the Americas for many representatives at strategic locations around the world. The With seven worldwide manufacturing years. Although currently RHI does business provides a wide range of refractory products and locations, the company is one of not produce refractories for the glass services to glass and other industries. the largest producers of refractories industry at its Indian plants, a future for various types of glass melting production facility dedicated to glass Imports furnaces. has not been ruled out. Despite significant local manufacturing capacity, imports SEPR Refractories India, a 100% account for about 15-18% of total refractory sales to the subsidiary of Saint-Gobain SEFPRO, TRL Krosaki Refractories Ltd Indian glass industry. These products are imported mostly came into being in April 2002, when TRL Krosaki Refractories Ltd is a 51% from China. l it acquired the Palakkad, Kerala subsidiary of Krosaki Harima Corp of refractory manufacturing unit from Japan after Tata Steel Ltd, the erstwhile About the author: CUMI. The company added a new parent company, sold its majority stake Sunder Singh is a freelance correspondent manufacturing unit at Palakkad in in the business. Other shareholders 2009, followed by the addition of a include Tata Steel (~27%) and Steel Further information: plant at Perundurai in Tamil Nadu. Authority of India Ltd (~10%). email: [email protected] This plant was set up in a ‘Special The company is the largest

Originally published in Glass Worldwide, preferred international journal of AIGMF

GW80 Nov-Dec 2018 ALT.indd 31 10/01/2019 10:22 Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 51 Spotlight Specialty glass and optical fibre R&D focus in India The history and present-day activities of India’s CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute are discussed in the following contribution that originally appeared in Glass Worldwide, preferred international AIGMF journal.

During the late 1940s, it was decided The development of various courses are offered in advanced glass science and to create a national institute dedicated types of optical glasses brought technology, thereby paving the way for effective capacity to glass science and technology for CSIR-CGCRI into the limelight in the strengthening. India, located in Calcutta. The Central international arena.Years of technology Glass and Silicate Research Institute denial to India’s defence, space and Specialty glasses came into being in 1950 and was atomic energy sectors served as an Specialty glass development constitutes a major activity later renamed the Central Glass and impetus to develop a core knowledge at CSIR-CGCRI, in view of the country’s demand for Ceramic Research Institute (CGCRI). base in these sectors. Optical glasses various civil and strategic applications. A state-of-the-art CGCRI was one of the first four for use in lenses and prisms for facility exists within the institute for melting, forming and laboratories set up under the Council specialised strategic applications characterisation of specified properties of different glass of Scientific & Industrial Research were among the earliest areas of varieties. Upscaling with pilot-scale production is also taken (CSIR), established in 1942 with focus. Emphasis was on evolving an up to meet indigenous demand. leading industrial scientist Shanti indigenous process technology that Nuclear installations use specialised glass windows Swarup Bhatnagar at its helm. The enables import substitution. for viewing the nuclear assembly lines while shielding mandate of CSIR was to bolster Among the organisation’s other radioactive exposure to the working areas. Such glasses, competitiveness of the Indian industry major advances during this period characterised by high density and radio opacity, known and cater to the needs of the nation’s were the creation and casting of manufacturing sector. radiation shielding glasses for atomic Initially, most of the work at energy establishments. Eventually, CSIR-CGCRI was directed towards the R&D efforts emerged as the identifying suitable mineral resources key backward linkage for major within the country and their suitability technological missions in atomic for specific product development. energy, defence and space that Quality control aspects in glass accelerated the ingenuity of product/ and ceramics received attention, process development and import together with work on glass forming substitution for raw materials and machines and glass-lined equipment. components. This trend continues to As a logical continuation of the the present day. Specialty glasses, work carried out in the 1950s, the optical fibres, lasers and functional organisation’s development during materials are among the core domains the following decade marked a very that form the backbone of the institute. important milestone in the history of With the establishment of an economic development in India. Academy of CSIR (AcSIR), tailored

Figure 1: Manufacturing specialty glass. Figure 2: Specialty glass beads for nuclear waste immobilisation.

Figure 4: Specialty optical fibres produced in-house. The production facility (top) Figure 3: Finished RSW glass blocks and chalogenide glass blanks. and a cross-section of specialty optical fibres.

Originally published in Glass Worldwide, preferred international journal of AIGMF

GW8152 Jan-FebKanch 2019 ALT.indd | Vol. 684 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 09/01/2019 18:06 www.aigmf.comSpotlight

The CGCRI and AIGMF interactive session in Kolkata attracted figureheads and stalwarts from the Indian glass industry.

Dave Fordham of Glass Worldwide, preferred international journal of the AIGMF, transmission up to 20µm, these Heat absorbing glasses effectively was greeted by CSIR-CGCRI dignitaries last July. glasses are indispensable for IR optical absorb wavelengths beyond the visible components, especially for thermal spectrum and are used mainly in as radiation shielding window glasses represent important imaging applications. Conventional illuminating equipment to absorb heat, technological challenges in terms of their design, processing thermal cameras use lenses made which is emitted from a light source. and manufacture. Starting from lab-scale development, of single-crystalline germanium or CSIR-CGCRI has an established over the years CSIR-CGCRI has perfected the process of polycrystalline zinc selenide. The programme for the development of development of blocks of desired sizes ad quality (figures chalcogenide glasses are the best such glasses. 1 and 3). A pilot-scale facility exists that caters for special alternatives that are relatively cheaper requirements. Indigenous development of the glass has and provide superior performance in Anti-reflective coatings been a notable contribution towards the country’s self- terms of higher working temperature, CSIR-CGCRI has developed anti- capability building. wider IR window and lower thermal reflective cum hydrophobic coatings Radioactive waste in nuclear installations pose a coefficient of refractive index (figure 3). on textured solar cover glass to obtain significant health and environmental threat and warrant better light conversion efficiency. Field innovative containment techniques. CSIR-CGCRI has Different approaches trials are ongoing, with a solar module developed the process technology to make specialty glass to glass melting built in-house to demonstrate the nodules (frits) with specific properties using a borosilicate Inherent challenges and technical technology. glass composition that can immobilise the wide spectrum bottlenecks associated with glass The institue has also developed of the fission elements by interring the elements into the melting techniques have encouraged refractive index (RI) controlled coatings structure of certain glass materials (figure 2). While the institutions to search from different on plastics, acrylics, ophthalmic random network structure of the glass provides an ideal approaches through innovative glasses and sheets that have platform for the immobilisation process, the material methods. While conventional scratch-resistant properties. These used for this purpose has a special composition with melting techniques are increasingly coatings could have applications stringent physical, mechanical and electrical properties. perfected, the institute has embarked on solar panels, railway locomotive The materials are amenable to form nodules of desired on developing capabilities for the windscreens etc. sizes and flow properties and are endowed with properties microwave melting of glass. Shorter to avoid corrosion of the melter during fixation of the processing time (20-30 minutes Specialty optical fibres waste. This flagship technology has been transferred for compared to three-four hours in The Fibre Optics Laboratory at CSIR- commercialisation. conventional processes) and significant CGCRI has a long history of research CSIR-CGCRI has developed a moderate-scale energy saving are hallmarks of this on the fabrication of silica-based production facility for chalcogenide glasses. These infra- process. This is also associated with optical fibre. The institute initiated red (IR) transmitting glass materials are formed from one or maintaining a lower redox ratio for iron R&D on fibre optics in the early 1980s more chalcogen elements such as sulphur, selenium and to enable low IR transmittance, which towards establishing an indigenous tellurium in combination with other elements such as Ge, has led to the development of heat capability of fabricating different fibre As, Ga, Sb, Si, P etc. Known for their extended infrared absorbing glasses. types. With an initial funding from CSIR, a group of scientists, engineers and technicians came forward to build up a facility for fabricating preforms by the MCVD (modified chemical vapour deposition) technique and the subsequent drawing of fibres. The main focus was application-oriented research. With the growing application of optical fibres in several important areas, the activity has now been expanded in the field of specialty optical fibres, with particular emphasis on fibre- Last July, CGCRI and AIGMF jointly organised an interactive session in Kolkata, covering the role of publications in brand promotion. based components and devices.

Originally published in Glass Worldwide, preferred international journal of AIGMF

GW81 Jan-Feb 2019 ALT.indd 85 Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 201809/01/2019 5318:06 Spotlight

Smart pantographs for online health extended the range of possibilities monitoring of overhead infrastructure in optical fibres by improving already of railways, FBG-based distributed established properties, as well as temperature monitoring of air introducing new features. CSIR- preheaters in thermal power plants CGCRI has a state-of-the-art facility and online temperature monitoring for fabricating both solid and hollow of moulds in billet casters during core PCFs following an indigenously continuous casting of steel are some developed (patented) PCF fabrication of the established applications. process. A comprehensive facility exists Nonlinear PCFs designed and for writing of the gratings in-house, fabricated at CSIR-CGCRI have led including packaging for the targeted to the development of completely applications. The demand for such packaged supercontinuum (SC) The interactive session covered the role of publications in brand promotion. optical sensors is on a steady rise in light sources in collaboration with India (figure 5). an industrial partner for biomedical Fibre lasers applications. The spectrum of the Fibre lasers, endowed with properties of output power Optical fibre amplifiers source extends from 500nm to stability and excellent beam quality at high output powers, CSIR-CGCRI has an array of patented 2200nm, thus spanning the entire have made them technologies of choice for a variety of technologies and products related to visible and near-IR region. sectors, replacing conventional laser systems. Despite high optical fibre amplifiers. Erbium doped Recently, hollow core PCFs are market demand, the product continues to be imported. fibre amplifers for cable television, being developed for efficient high CSIR-CGCRI has been instrumental in establishing C-band optical amplifiers and double- power infrared laser delivery, as well a comprehensive fibre laser facility that includes preform clad Erbium-ytterbium doped high as mid-IR SC generation for exploiting and fibre fabrication, laser design and characterisation and power amplifier (EYDFA) are some of exciting prospects in industrial and making packaged modules.The process technology of the key technologies and products biomedical fields ( figure 4). vapour phase doping has been successfully demonstrated developed under this initiative. As glass and optical fibre for fabricating rare earth doped preforms/fibres, suitable for The mid to high power EYDFA technologies continues to evolve, high power fibre laser application. modules are of great potential CSIR-CGCRI continues to reposition Indigenous technology development is in progress to for LIDAR, CATV and free space and sharpen its capabilities to remain build up fibre laser systems, both continuous wave and communication. Such specialty fibres competitive and relevant amidst the pulsed at 1µm and 2µm wavelengths for industrial and produced in-house are already in use growing demands of globalisation. l medical applications (figure 4). A number of patents have for making products and devices in also been filed in this area. collaboration with industrial partners, in readiness for being exploited Further information: CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Fibre Brag gratings commercially. Research Institute, Kolkata, India Optical fibre Brag grating-based sensors with high precision email: [email protected] and reliability have been developed at CSIR-CGCRI for Photonic crystal fibres web: www.cgcri.res.in structural health monitoring and industrial process control. Photonic crystal fibres (PCFs) have

Figure 5: Pulsed fibre laser module for marking and engraving on metal, EDFA module for CATV application, instrumented pantograpgh with FBG sensors.

Originally published in Glass Worldwide, preferred international journal of AIGMF

54GW81 Jan-FebKanch 2019 | ALT.indd Vol. 6 86| No. 3 | October-December 2018 09/01/2019 18:06

www.aigmf.com Green Building Congress 2018 evokes excellent response Focused on the theme- ‘Green Built Environment for People & the Planet’ (Oct 31- Nov 1, 2018)

participated as one of the Supporting Associations

delegates. Broadly Green Building Congress 2018 featured- Conference and Exhibition and focused on the theme- Green Built Environment for People & the Planet’. Discussions, deliberations weaved around this theme. Green Building Congress 2018 had the honour of Mr. Hardeep Singh Puri, Hon’ble Minister of State (Independent Charge), Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Government of India who gave address at the inaugural session on Nov 1, 2018.

Playing a catalytic role in accelerating forge new partnerships. The event Appended are the highlights of green building movement in India has grown significantly in terms of Green Building Congress 2018: is CII-IGBC’s annual flagship event- content, outreach and participation, • Government of Telangana was ‘Green Building Congress’. This is one etc. the Partner State such annual event where national and The 16th edition of Green Building • Participation of Mr. Shailendra international stakeholders from the Congress 2018 which was Kumar Joshi, IAS Chief Secretary construction industry converge to organised on Oct 31 - Nov 1, 2018 and other senior Government share & learn the latest and emerging at Hyderabad, evoked excellent officials from Government of green building technologies and response from the stakeholders and Telangana

Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 57 • Hall of Fame award posthumously presented to Dr. Prem C Jain • 2,750 National and International delegates • 8,800 visitors to International exhibition • 125 National and International speakers • Concurrent sessions on green & smart cities, green hospitals, green landscapes & biodiversity, green homes & affordable housing, green products, materials & technologies • Presence of Ms. Lisa Bate, Chair, WorldGBC; Ar. Tai Lee Siang, Immediate Past Chair, WorldGBC; Mr. Raymond Rufino, Chair, Philippine Green Building Council • Launch of 3 IGBC green building rating systems- Net Zero Energy Buildings, Hill Habitat and Resorts- taking the total number of rating systems launched by IGBC to 25 • Launch of GreenPro Certification Standard for Lighting System • Launch of Green Building in India- Coffee Table Publication: Vol: 3 • 158 projects awarded with IGBC green building rating. IGBC plaque and certificate presented • Awards presented to winners of Green your school contest and IGBC green design contest • Awards presented to winners of IGBC Green League quiz contest • Screening of eco-films for architectural and engineering students • Publishers corner for sale of books on environment 

58 Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 [email protected] | www.umdaengg.com

Mr. M.D. Farooq (Founder)

Manufacturer Of Energy Efficient Lehrs

Mr. M.D. Farooq, the founder of Umda Enginering, brings to the table more than 35 years of expertise in the manufac- turing industry. Starting from humble beginnings, today more than 350 of Mr. Farooq’s Lehr machines are successfully installed around the world.

Mr. Farooq is best recognised as one of the co-founders of TNF Engineering, a company known across the industry as not only the leading manufacturers of Metallic Wire Conveyor and Lehr belts but also of Glass Plant Equipment. This mantle of superior performance and expertise has now been passed on to Umda Enginering. Belts A y e m a 2 0 1

Office & Works Plot No. A – 581, TTC Industrial Area, MIDC Mahape, Navi Mumbai – 400 710. MS. India. Tel. 022-2778 20 41/42, Fax : 022-2778 13 38 812 NEW DELHI HOUSE, 27 BARAKHAMBHA ROAD, NEW DELHI-110001, INDIA 60 Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 Telephone: + 91 11 23316507 Fax: + 91 11 23350357 E-Mail: [email protected] Website: www.aigmf.com www.aigmf.com Speed, reliability and flexibility in glass container inspection

Heye International presents the latest glass container inspection technology. SmartLine 2 generation starwheel inspection successfully combines speed, reliability and flexibility to deliver accurate results.

Smart Line 2 is the latest oval and round containers processed. equipment’s improved design and generation of Heye’s star wheel Thanks to the servo-driven star accessibility, the potential to use inspection machine series. wheel, indexing positions from six to existing tooling sets and its enhanced Developed and manufactured at 48 are possible. user interface. Full data connectivity Heye International’s dedicated to all plant information systems is Cold End Centre in Nienburg, TOOLING COMPATIBILITY possible, with easy integration into Germany, SmartLine2 glass The enlarged working radius existing lines. As well as featuring container inspection equipment guarantees a high compatibility with the latest non-contact inspection can be configured in several many existing tooling sets on the innovations, the equipment benefits different ways, with up to six market. The tooling range includes from outstanding control reliability to inspection stations available. The Nienburg facility employs a team of experts and features a modern production layout. Importantly, the centre is close to the Ardagh Group’s Nienburg glassworks to undertake essential testing work.

IMPROVED JOB CHANGE TIMES The application of servo technology results in a high degree of flexibility. Fast and easy changes to an item’s indexing positions and optimal use of the servo torque for up to four rotation stations are possible. Optimised motion sequences allow faster reactions to changing process parameters. The equipment’s innovative design and its a body star wheel, neck star wheel, avoid downtime. large and easy-to-open hood provide out feed guide, centering piece, plug/ more working space between the Depending on the customer’s gauge, stripper and infeed screw. inspection stations. Job changes requirements, various container characteristics can be checked: become much easier. FLEXIBLE INSPECTION The maximum article height OPTIONS • Tightness accommodated is 400 mm (up to Among the Smart Line 2’s highlights • Finish diameters 500 mm on request), with angular, are faster job changes, thanks to the • Container height

812 NEW DELHI HOUSE, 27 BARAKHAMBHA ROAD, NEW DELHI-110001, INDIA Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 61 Telephone: + 91 11 23316507 Fax: + 91 11 23350357 E-Mail: [email protected] Website: www.aigmf.com • Finish and shoulder checks requirement is achieved by the use operate. • Bottom and heel checks of robust industrial electronics and The largehood gives optimal access • Body checks a climate-controlled electrics and to the working space, reducing job electronics compartment, together • Wall thickness inspection (non- change times to a minimum. contact) with high quality components. A touchscreen monitor, simplified POSITIVE FEEDBACK • Defects on the finish surface access to all electronic components (LOF - line over finish) Feedback generated from Heye and an extricable mounting plate International customers has confirmed • Out-of-round, body diameter for frequency inverters and servo the Smart Line equipment’s robustness • Mould number reading (dot code controllers enhance operational and reliability. The mechanical design and alphanumeric) usability. Hazard-free working and drive system in particular are • Dark check inspection conditions for the operator is highlighted for their robust design, In addition, the latest non-contact provided by a microprocessor- while the control system is praised for inspection features are integrated, controlled safety module. its reliable operation. as well as a self-learning system for The machine sets the standard in camera-based check detection. FURTHER INFORMATION: terms of reliability and robustness. Heye International GmbH, RELIABILITY AND The user interface has been Obernkirchen, Germany ROBUSTNESS improved and makes job changes as Tel: +49 5724 26-0 It is essential for innovations to stand easy as possible. Both the mechanical the test of time. In the case of many design and also the control unit [email protected] 21st Century developments, this are extremely reliable and easy to web: www.heye-international.com

62 Kanch | Vol. 6 | No. 3 | October-December 2018 2019 ICG

1ST NORTH AMERICAN SUMMER SCHOOL ON PHOTONIC MATERIALS JUNE 16  21, 2019 CENTRE FOR OPTICS, PHOTONICS AND LASERS COPL Université Laval, Québec, Canada

Pavilion of Optics and Photonics - Université Laval

GRADUATE AND SENIOR UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS AND POSTDOCS IN PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY AND ENGINEERING DEPARTEMENTS APPLY BEFORE FEBRUARY 1, 2019 www.nasspm.org will participate as one of the Supporting Associations Regd. No. R.N. DELBIL/2013/51338 Quarterly Journal of The All India Glass Manufacturers’ Federation, 812 New Delhi House, 27 Barakhamba Road, New Delhi – 110001, INDIA | [email protected]