1 Edited Transcript of a Recording of Mike Richardson Interviewed By

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

1 Edited Transcript of a Recording of Mike Richardson Interviewed By MIKE RICHARDSON Edited transcript of a recording of Mike Richardson interviewed by Chris Eldon Lee on the 1st May 2012. BAS Archives AD6/24/1/163. Transcribed by Andy Smith, 10th December 2017. Part One [Part 1 0:00:00] Lee: This is Mike Richardson, interviewed by Chris Eldon Lee, on the 1st of May 2012. Mike Richardson, Part 1. Richardson: Mike Richardson. Date of birth is 12/2/49. Born in Hanover in Germany actually. [Part 1 0:00:17] Lee: Oh right. Why was that? Richardson: Well because my father, at that time, was in the Army, so actually you are born in a sort of enclave of Britain which is the British Military Hospital in Hanover. [Part 1 0:00:29] Lee: So he was there just after the war? Richardson: Yes. He was actually in the Army all his working life. We were very rarely in the UK. We trundled round between Singapore, Malaya, Northern Ireland, Germany, then back to Germany and so on. [Part 1 0:00:44] Lee: Did your mother have a profession or was she a professional Army wife? Richardson: She was a professional mother because she had six of them. We were a very ordered family so there was girl, boy, girl, boy, girl, boy. I was Number 2 but there was quite a lot of us. [Part 1 0:00:55] Lee: Well the next question is probably more complicated than I expected, which is about your education. What sort of education did you have? Richardson: Because of the Army upbringing, I think I had been to about seven schools in so many years, or in fact less than that. So I got eventually packed off to a prep school, a choral prep school, in Worcestershire, which doesn’t exist now and I was very fond of that part of the world. And then I went to a public school in Sussex, Ardingly and from there went to Durham. I didn’t really want to go to Durham at that time because I was grouse beating just after school, which is a great way of getting fit. I got two offers came in, one a day after the other, from St Andrews and Durham. I wasn’t at home but my father was and he promptly rang up Durham and said ‘He will be there in three weeks’ time.’ So my idea of taking a gap year out was sacrificed. [Part 1 0:01:58] Lee: What was your father’s name? Richardson: George Richardson. 1 [Part 1 0:02:01] Lee: Was he that kind of man, then, to make decisions for other people? Richardson: When he thought I was probably just going to gallivant around for a year, yes. [Part 1 0:02:09] Lee: In your best interests? Richardson: Absolutely. [Part 1 0:02:12] Lee: I guess you were boarding at some of these schools, were you? Richardson: Yes. I boarded from the age of about eight at this prep school and then also at public school. [Part 1 0:02:21] Lee: So a bunk in a bunkhouse in the Antarctic held no fears? Richardson: Not really. It’s a sort of extension of a Boy Scouts existence in some ways, and of course BAS at that time wholly male. [Part 1 0:02:35] Lee: Yes. Where did the interest in biology spring from? Richardson: The funny thing was: I had never actually had any doubt as to what I wanted to do from about the age of seven, so it was a sort of a bit of a Gerald Durrell type existence as a kid. I had so many animals, it was almost positively embarrassing, particularly if you are at boarding school. [Part 1 0:03:03] Lee: You didn’t take them with you? Richardson: Yes. I used to go backwards and forwards between what was then … We were living in Harrogate. So I was going backwards and forwards between Harrogate and Sussex and I use to cram all these animals into old ex-Army ammunition boxes. At one stage I had like forty hamsters and about six ferrets and a few other things. I remember sitting on a train and we were just coming into Leeds. We hadn’t gone very far when somebody said ‘Oh look, a ferret.’ I thought ‘Oh My God.’ The ferret was eating its way out of the box and by the time I had got to London, I had strapped a huge great thick biology tome over the top of this box and it was coming through the top of that as well. Basically I always wanted to do biology. It wasn’t a question really; I just instinctively fell into it. [Part 1 0:03:50] Lee: So you did go to Durham? Richardson: I went to Durham to do zoology, yes. [Part 1 0:03:53] Lee: Did that convince you that that was the career path you wanted to take? Richardson: Yes, but initially, after three very enjoyable years at Durham, I had two PhDs lined up – one on the population energetics of water voles in Sussex and the other on the population dynamics of lesser white toothed shrews in the Channel 2 Islands.– sounds really fascinating, at Southampton. Then suddenly I thought ‘Hang on. I have just done three years at university. I am not sure I really want to do another three.’ It was at that point, I think probably just wandering round the careers office which I didn’t visit very often, I suddenly came across the British Antarctic Survey as a potential job. And I applied to BAS, again as a biologist, wanting to work on seals and seabirds. Really actually I wanted to work on mammals. It wasn’t going to be quite like that. [Part 1 0:05:02] Lee: Where did your interest in the Antarctic come from? What was your first memory of knowing a place called the Antarctic existed? Richardson: Funnily enough, it really wasn’t an interest in the Antarctic and it wasn’t actually really a great interest in BAS. It was an interest derived from the fact that I realised I didn’t want another three years at university. I suddenly saw BAS. I wanted to work on mammals and OK, it was in the Antarctic. Actually what really happened was having been interviewed, and I thought for this job possibly on seals – if it wasn’t seals, it was going to be seabirds – I turned up at Monks Wood, which was then where the Zoology Section of BAS was based, just near Huntingdon, because at that time BAS was spread all over the UK. I had only graduated, I think, on the Friday or the Saturday; so this was the Monday morning, and the first two questions I got directed at me when I turned up: one was ‘How much marine biology do you know?’ to which I said ‘Well none really because Durham doesn’t have a marine lab. It was snaffled years ago when Newcastle University was hived off from Durham, so I don’t know anything about marine biology.’ ‘Oh well don’t worry. You will soon pick it up’ they said. And the second question was ‘How good a swimmer are you?’ I said ‘Well actually not very good at all.’ ‘Oh don’t worry about that. We will send you on a diving course down at Swanage and you will soon pick that up as well.’ So the idea of working on seals and seabirds had gone out of the window and I was suddenly apparently going to be press-ganged into being a marine biologist. [Part 1 0:06:47] Lee: Let’s just go back to that interview in London. What do you recall of it? Richardson: The headquarters of BAS at that time were in this funny little terraced house – I don’t know if it still exists – just round the back from Victoria station 1. So I turned up there. I can’t remember precisely who was on the interview board, but Bill Sloman was (Head of Personnel) and the chairman of the board was actually Dick Laws who was then the Head of Life Sciences in BAS. It was quite funny really because I was sitting there and I wasn’t really well versed in interview techniques, one could say, and sufficiently not versed in interview techniques that the first question that the chairman of the board directed to me … I looked at him blankly because I hadn’t even heard it because just over his shoulder, on the window sill, I was watching these sparrows mating and I was actually much more engrossed in watching the sparrows mating than in the interview. I think this must have gone down quite well actually with Dick, who of course was quite a good field biologist. Somehow or other, I got the job. Of course just after the interview, I then tottered off to Eland House, I think it was called or Eland Place or something like that, which was the old ODA offices just by Victoria station, and there was this really strange 1 30 Gillingham Street , London SW1V 1HU, now occupied by Shepherds Bookbinders. 3 character. I thought he was really rather humorous actually. I think he was an ex Lieutenant Colonel Surgeon, very colonial almost and very colonial looking who did the medical. It was such a wonderful bizarre medical; I have never come across … Anyway I got the job.
Recommended publications
  • Connecting Ontological (In)Securities and Generation Through the Everyday and Emotional Geopolitics of Falkland Islanders
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Newcastle University E-Prints Benwell MC. Connecting ontological (in)securities and generation through the everyday and emotional geopolitics of Falkland Islanders. Social & Cultural Geography 2017 Copyright: This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Social & Cultural Geography on 13th February 2017 available online: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14649365.2017.1290819 Date deposited: 21/02/2017 Embargo release date: 13 February 2018 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence Newcastle University ePrints - eprint.ncl.ac.uk Connecting ontological (in)securities and generation through the everyday and emotional geopolitics of Falkland Islanders Matthew C. Benwell School of Geography, Politics and Sociology, Newcastle University, Daysh Building, Newcastle NE1 7RU, UK Abstract: Debates about the security of British Overseas Territories (OTs) like the Falkland Islands are typically framed through the discourses of formal and practical geopolitics in ways that overlook the perspectives of their citizens. This paper focuses on the voices of two generations of citizens from the Falkland Islands, born before and after the 1982 war, to show how they perceive geopolitics and (in)security in different ways. It uses these empirical insights to show how theorisations of ontological (in)security might become more sensitive to the lived experiences of diverse generational groups within states and OTs like the Falklands. The paper reflects on the complex experiences of citizens living in a postcolonial OT that still relies heavily on the UK government and electorate for assurances of security, in the face of diplomatic pressure from Argentina.
    [Show full text]
  • Benwell MC, Pinkerton A. Brexit and the British Overseas Territories: Changing Perspectives on Security
    Benwell MC, Pinkerton A. Brexit and the British Overseas Territories: Changing Perspectives on Security. RUSI Journal 2016, 161(4), 8-14. Copyright: This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in RUSI Journal on 29/09/2016, available online: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03071847.2016.1224489 Date deposited: 01/09/2016 Embargo release date: 29 March 2018 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence Newcastle University ePrints - eprint.ncl.ac.uk Brexit and the British Overseas Territories: Changing perspectives on security Matthew C. Benwell and Alasdair Pinkerton On 23 June 2016 citizens of the United Kingdom (and residents of the UK Overseas Territory of Gibraltar) voted in a referendum to leave the European Union. While the exact modes and timings of this exit remain unclear, the campaign was characterised by increasingly heated debate and sharply contrasting visions for Britain and its relationship with the wider world in the twenty-first century. A coterie of international politicians and world leaders waded into the debate, as a reminder of both the global interest in the referendum campaign and the potential international implications of the UK’s decision – not least of all within the Overseas Territories (OTs) of the United Kingdom. Matthew Benwell and Alasdair Pinkerton argue that the UK’s 2016 EU referendum campaign and the political and economic evaluations that it has invited have exposed a shifting relationship between the UK and its OTs and demonstrate the role played by the EU in fostering their political, economic and regional security – a perspective often ignored by the OT’s so called ‘friends’ and supporters.
    [Show full text]
  • Our Islands, Our History
    Our Islands, Our History WHAT Are the FAlklAnd IslAnds? Who are Falkland Islanders and what does it mean to be a citizen of our country? These are questions which Islanders are asked frequently but to which there are no quick answers. Our history goes some way towards explaining what it is to be a Falkland Islander. It is a fairly short history. Settlement is relatively recent: it began in the eighteen century and has only been continuous from the early nineteenth century. Unlike the Spanish and Portuguese colonial empires, we never had an indigenous population, so we have no ancient monuments or romantic mythologies to define our identity as Islanders. Other people have spun their own myths around our history and this explains why there are so many misconceptions about who we are and about our right to call the Falklands our home. The series of events which serve as the foundations upon which the Falkland Islands were built are what Our Islands, Our History aims to set out. Our history is one of long periods of tranquillity, punctuated by flurries of complex activity. The events of the 1760s and 1770s are involved but, with the help of the time line running throughout this publication, hopefully comprehensible. The period 1820 to 1833 is also complex and further complicated by the tendency to weave nationalist myths around the basic narrative. Although not a heavyweight reference document, this book is intended to explain to the interested reader how our diverse community has matured, embracing influences from the many nations whose sailors visited these shores or who settled in the Islands, developing a cultural identity all of our own, but always maintaining a close kinship with Britain.
    [Show full text]
  • Yougov/ Ibarómetro
    YouGov/ Ibarómetro - Falklands/Malvinas Survey Results Sample Size: 1800 Argentine Adults, contacted by automated telephone interview 2nd April Sample Size: 1744 GB Adults, contacted online 2nd-3rd April British Argentinian Respondents Respondents %% What is your general opinion of Argentina/Britain? %% Very positive 1 7 Fairly positive 21 12 TOTAL POSITIVE 22 19 Fairly negative 37 35 Very negative 16 29 TOTAL NEGATIVE 53 65 Don't know 25 16 Generally speaking, how much do you know about Argentina/Britain, its history, and people? %% A great deal 1 8 A fair amount 20 25 TOTAL KNOWLEDGE 21 33 Not very much 63 47 Nothing at all 12 13 TOTAL NO KNOWLEDGE 75 60 Don't know 3 7 How important an issue, if at all, do you think the Falkland Islands are to the UK? %% Very important 25 29 Fairly important 37 28 TOTAL IMPORTANT 62 57 Not very important 22 20 Not at all important 5 13 TOTAL NOT IMPORTANT 27 33 Don't know 11 10 And how important an issue, if at all, do you think the Falkland Islands are to Argentina? %% Very important 30 56 Fairly important 35 31 TOTAL IMPORTANT 65 86 Not very important 15 9 Not at all important 3 2 TOTAL NOT IMPORTANT 18 11 Don't know 16 3 How legitimate, if at all, would you say the UK's claims to the Falkland Islands are? %% Very legitimate 33 7 Fairly legitimate 29 5 TOTAL LEGITIMATE 62 12 Not very legitimate 14 29 Not at all legitimate 4 51 TOTAL NOT LEGITIMATE 18 80 Don't know 20 8 And how legitimate, if at all, would you say Argentina's claims to the Falkland Islands are? %% Very legitimate 4 66 Fairly legitimate
    [Show full text]
  • Escaping from the Past? the Falkland Islands in the Twenty-First Century
    Escaping From The Past? The Falkland Islands in the Twenty-First Century Royle, S. A. (2013). Escaping From The Past? The Falkland Islands in the Twenty-First Century. In H. Johnson, & H. Sparling (Eds.), Refereed Papers from ISIC 8 — Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, Canada (Vol. 8, pp. 35-41). Small Island Cultures Research Initiative. http://sicri-network.org/?s=Escaping+from+the+past%3F Published in: Refereed Papers from ISIC 8 — Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, Canada Document Version: Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Queen's University Belfast - Research Portal: Link to publication record in Queen's University Belfast Research Portal Publisher rights © 2013 sicri-network.org General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Queen's University Belfast Research Portal is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The Research Portal is Queen's institutional repository that provides access to Queen's research output. Every effort has been made to ensure that content in the Research Portal does not infringe any person's rights, or applicable UK laws. If you discover content in the Research Portal that you believe breaches copyright or violates any law, please contact [email protected]. Download date:28. Sep. 2021 35! ! ESCAPING FROM THE PAST? The Falkland Islands in the twenty-first century ! STEPHEN A. ROYLE! ! Abstract This paper considers the competing claims for the sovereignty of the Falkland Islands in the South Atlantic, which led to a war in 1982 between the United Kingdom and Argentina.
    [Show full text]
  • The United Kingdom Overseas Territories and the European Union: Benefits and Prospects
    The United Kingdom Overseas Territories and the European Union: Benefits and Prospects Part I – EU Benefits to the United Kingdom Overseas Territories A report produced for the United Kingdom Overseas Territories Association (UKOTA) June 2016 Report by: Dr Peter Clegg Senior Lecturer in Politics University of the West of England, Bristol 1 Executive Summary There are 14 United Kingdom Overseas Territories (UKOTs) spread across the globe, of which nine are directly associated with the European Union (EU) via the Overseas Association Decision (OAD) adopted by the EU in 2013. These are Anguilla, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands (BVI), Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Montserrat, Pitcairn, St Helena and Turks and Caicos Islands. Ascension and Tristan da Cunha fall under St Helena in the OAD. Historically the most important relationship the UKOTs have had is with the United Kingdom (UK), but over the last fifteen years links with the EU have grown. The UKOTs benefit currently from economic and environmental cooperation with the EU, as well as development assistance and policy dialogue. Practical aspects of cooperation are welcomed by the UKOTs. For example, free access to the EU market has been very beneficial to Falkland Islands and Tristan da Cunha, with respect to fisheries and agricultural exports; Bermuda’s financial services industry with its focus on insurance is aided by its close links with the EU, both in terms of it being a large market, but also as the EU recognises Bermuda’s regulatory system as equivalent to its own; while all Territories gain from free movement across the EU, which facilitates business links and educational opportunities.
    [Show full text]
  • Falkland Islands Newsletter Ppublishedublished Bbyy Tthehe Ffalklandalkland Iislandsslands Aassociationssociation W Aassociation.Comssociation.Com
    Falkland Islands Newsletter PPublishedublished bbyy TThehe FFalklandalkland IIslandsslands AAssociationssociation wwww.ww.fi aassociation.comssociation.com NNoo 111414 AprilApril 22018018 ppeopleeople eeventsvents ppoliticsolitics iindustriesndustries ssportport nnewsews 1 Falkland Islands editorial Association Newsletter by FIA Chairman Alan Huckle Published by: The Falkland Islands Association, THE Falkland Islands elected a new Legislative Assembly on 9 November, returning fi ve Falkland House, new Members (MLAs) with three re-elected. The decision to make these positions Full- London time and salaried has helped to attract some younger people in mid-career. Four oF the SW1H OBH new MLAs are under 45 years oF age and two were not even born in 1982. This can only be healthy For the political process. The new team are getting to grips with their portFolios Tel 020 3764 0824 and have begun the process oF agreeing their objectives For the Islands’ Future. We wish honseci [email protected] them well. ISSN 0262-9399 Those in the UK who might regard the governance oF the Falkland Islands as a small matter are Quite wrong. All the Functions oF government come within the purview oF the Edited by: MLAs and whilst the local population may be Few in number, the problems conFronted are Sharon Jaf ray no less diFfi cult (and are constantly complicated by Argentina’s sovereignty claim). The Stanley Argentine Government oFten asserts that the UK exercises colonial-style control over the Falkland Islands Falklands (and they consistently reFuse to recognise the Falkland Islands Government as Tel 00 500 52739 a legitimate authority). Yet the 2008 Constitution made it clear that the Falkland Islanders [email protected] are alone responsible For determining their own Future.
    [Show full text]
  • 74 Days Under the Argentine Flag: the Experiences of Occupation During the Falklands/Malvinas War
    A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Corbacho, Alejandro Luis Working Paper 74 days under the Argentine flag: The experiences of occupation during the Falklands/Malvinas War Serie Documentos de Trabajo, No. 682 Provided in Cooperation with: University of CEMA, Buenos Aires Suggested Citation: Corbacho, Alejandro Luis (2018) : 74 days under the Argentine flag: The experiences of occupation during the Falklands/Malvinas War, Serie Documentos de Trabajo, No. 682, Universidad del Centro de Estudios Macroeconómicos de Argentina (UCEMA), Buenos Aires This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/203822 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. www.econstor.eu UNIVERSIDAD DEL CEMA Buenos Aires Argentina Serie DOCUMENTOS DE TRABAJO Área: Ciencia Política y Relaciones Internacionales 74 DAYS UNDER THE ARGENTINE FLAG: THE EXPERIENCES OF OCCUPATION DURING THE FALKLANDS/MALVINAS WAR Alejandro L.
    [Show full text]
  • False Falklands History at the United Nations How Argentina Misled the UN in 1964 – and Still Does
    False Falklands History at the United Nations How Argentina misled the UN in 1964 – and still does © 2012 by Graham Pascoe and Peter Pepper ince the 1960s Falkland Islanders have faced efforts by part of the UN Decolonisation Committee (the “Committee SArgentina to promote its claim to the Falkland Islands – of 24” or “C24”), and was charged with determining if the efforts which culminated in the Argentine invasion in 1982. Falklands were subject to the United Nation decolonisation The current “wave” of intense Argentine pressure began with process as laid down in UN Resolution 1514 (XV) of 1960 the foundation of an official pressure group inside the (section 11 below). His speech purported to recount the Argentine Congress, “Observatorio Parlamentario – Cuestión history of the islands and of Argentina’s claim, but it was Malvinas”, in June 2006. That was before Argentina riddled with errors and gave a profoundly false account of repudiated the 1995 Hydrocarbons Agreement with Britain in history. Nevertheless Ruda’s speech ultimately resulted in the March 2007, and more than three years before the resumption passing of Resolution 2065 by the UN General Assembly in of oil drilling around the Falklands in 2010 – the current 1965 (see page 2 below). Argentine activity is not a response to Falklands oil exploration. In 2007 the “Observatorio” distributed grossly Repeated untruths at the UN erroneous pamphlets on the Falklands to Argentine schools, This brief paper examines the historical assertions made containing much of the false history Argentina also presents by Argentina at the UN, which have remained largely to the United Nations.
    [Show full text]
  • Uk Overseas Territories the Newsletter of Ukota · February 2016
    UK OVERSEAS TERRITORIES THE NEWSLETTER OF UKOTA · FEBRUARY 2016 | OT Joint Ministerial Council 2015 | | Princess Royal visits Falklands | | Pitcairn Marine Protection | | BVI for climate change support to islands | TERRITORY NEWS Overseas UKOTA holds Inaugural Overseas Territories Joint 2016 AGM Territories Student Ministerial Conference Council 2015 In July, the Government of Bermuda hosted a meeting for the Leaders and representatives of the Territories, to discuss the issues that they wished to be raised at the Joint Ministerial Council (JMC) 2015. The fourth meeting of the JMC was held in London Incumbent UKOTA Chairman, Benito Wheatley; Fabian Hamilton at the beginning of December. The meeting was MP, Shadow Minister for Foreign Affairs; Andrew Rosindell MP, OT attended by the elected Leaders and representatives APPG Chairman; and Sukey Cameron MBE, 2015 UKOTA Chair. of the Territories to meet with HMG Ministers and Over 150 students from various Overseas officials. On 27th January 2016, UKOTA members Territories travelled to London, in late gathered for their Annual General Meeting. November, to attend the inaugural Overseas The key themes of this year’s Council were Territories Student Conference. building the prosperity and economic development Members formally adopted the UKOTA Annual of the Territories; protecting the most vulnerable Report for 2015. The theme of the conference was ‘Our Islands, members of the communities; pensions; health; Benito Wheatley, UK/EU Representative for Our Future; Sustainable Development’. The education; sports; child safeguarding; and the role the British Virgin Islands, was elected as Chairman; students attending gained a broader understanding of the environment in delivering prosperity. Albert Poggio GMH OBE, UK Representative for of the themes behind sustainable development and the importance of conservation.
    [Show full text]
  • BEST Ecosystem Profile of the South Atlantic Region
    EUROPEAN OVERSEAS REGIONAL ECOSYSTEM PROFILE South Atlantic Ascension Island Saint Helena Tristan da Cunha Falkland Islands (Malvinas) This document has been developed as part of the project ‘Measures towards Sustaining the BEST Preparatory Action to promote the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and ecosystem services in EU Outermost EU Outermost Regions and Overseas Countries and Territories’. The document does not represent an official, formal position of the European Commission. JUNE2016 2016 Service contract 07.0307.2013/666363/SER/B2 Prepared by: South Atlantic Environmental Research Institute (SAERI) And with the technical support of: IUCN CEPF Drafted by the BEST team of the South Atlantic hub: Maria Taylor Under the coordination of: Dr Paul Brickle and Tara Pelembe Assisted by individual experts and contributors from the following institutions: Ascension Island: Ascension Island Government Conservation Department Dr Sam Weber Dr Judith Brown Dr Andy Richardson Dr Nicola Weber Emma Nolan Kate Downes University of Exeter Dr Annette Broderick Dr Brendon Godley St Helena: St Helena Government Isabel Peters Samantha Cherrett Annalea Beard Elizabeth Clingham Derek Henry Mike Jervois Lourens Malan Dr Jill Keys Ross Towers Paul Cherrett St Helena National Trust Jeremy Harris Rebecca Cairn-Wicks David Pryce Dennis Leo Acting Governor Sean Burns Independent Dr Andre Aptroot Dr Phil Lambdon Ben Sansom Tristan da Cunha: Tristan da Cunha Government Trevor Glass James Glass Katrine Herian Falkland Islands: Falkland Island Government
    [Show full text]
  • General Assembly Distr.: General 22 January 2021
    United Nations A/75/720 General Assembly Distr.: General 22 January 2021 Original: English Seventy-fifth session Agenda item 46 Question of the Falkland Islands (Malvinas) Letter dated 14 January 2021 from the Permanent Representative of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General In accordance with instructions received from the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, I have the honour to refer to the letter dated 30 December 2020 from the Permanent Representative of Argentina to the United Nations addressed to you. I should be grateful if you would circulate the present letter and its annex as a document of the General Assembly, under agenda item 46. (Signed) Barbara Woodward 21-00822 (E) 250121 *2100822* A/75/720 Annex to the letter dated 14 January 2021 from the Permanent Representative of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General The United Kingdom is clear about both the historical and legal position on the sovereignty of the Falkland Islands. No civilian population was expelled from the Falkland Islands on 3 January 1833. An Argentine military garrison had been sent to the Falkland Islands three months earlier in an attempt to impose Argentine sovereignty over British sovereign territory. The United Kingdom immediately protested and later expelled the Argentine military garrison on 3 January 1833. The civilian population, who had previously sought and received British permission to reside on the Islands, were encouraged to remain. The majority voluntarily chose to do so.
    [Show full text]