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THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ALCHEMILLA GENRE PLANTS PRESENT IN ALEXANDRU BELDIE HERBARIUM FROM I.N.C.D.S. BUCHAREST

DELEANU ELENA*, IONESCU MONICA*, VECHIU EMILIA** *„Marin Dracea” National Institute for Research and Development in Forestry, e-mail: [email protected] **„Marin Dracea” National Institute for Research and Development in Forestry, Brașov

Key words: Alchemilla, botanists, plants, leaves.

ABSTRACT

The Alexandru Beldie Herbarium from incidence in the periods 1890-1899 and I.N.C.D.S. Bucharest comprises 1930-1949. Their origin ranges from approximately 40.000 plates of different areas of our country (Bucegi, herbaceous plants, trees and shrubs. Ceahlău, Ciucas, Piatra Craiului, Rotnei) Amongst them, the present article as well as from abroad (Spain, Hungary, analyses the 90 plates dedicated to the Bulgaria, Switzerland) and were gathered plants from the Alchemilla genre. After a by Romanian specialists (Al. Beldie, P. short description of the genre, some of Cretzoiu, C. Georgescu, E. I. Nyarady, A. the 40 species present in this herbarium Haralamb) and foreign ones (D̕ Lagger, are described. The plants were gathered Dr.Hrizish, Joh. Bubela Wsetin, M. Bosse, between 1854 and 1971, with a larger R. Masson, Ph. Paiche A Geneve).

INTRODUCTION

"Alexandru Beldie" herbarium from Bucharest. The plants are kept in reunites numerous plants from the the original portfolio in drawers of 30 mountain area, namely 33 species of the modules (Vasile et al., 2017). Orobanche genus (Scărlătescu V. et al., This collection is enrolled as 2017), 9 species of Melica, 11 species of INDEX HERBARIUM and all the species Eragrostis genus (Cântar C. et al., 2017), were gathered by known personalities in 32 species of the Arabis genus (Dincă L. the field of systematic botany, one of the et al., 2017), 15 species of Ornithogalum Romanian botanists being Al. Beldie, who genus (Enescu R. et al., 2017), 19 dealt especially with this herbarium. species of Androsace genus (Dincă M. et The aim of this article is to present the al., 2017), or the 112 species belonging state of this collection, to describe the to the Hieracium genus (Dincă L. et al., species, the total number of Alchemilla 2017). specimens (40 species), together with the Numerous Alchemilla species are date when they were collected, their collected in the Al. Beldie Herbarium from location, the botanist who collected each The National Institute of Research and exemplar and their conservation degree. Development in Forestry “Marin Drăcea”

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The study material was composed of the place where they were harvested and by 90 plates present in the above-mentioned the specialist who harvested them. An Herbarium and belonging to the excerpt of the Achemilla genus inventory Achemilla genre. The plates were is rendered in Table number 1. grouped by species, harvest year, the

Table 1 The inventory of Achemilla genus from INCDS Bucharest’s Al. Beldie Herbarium (excerpt)

Conser Plate Herbarium/ Collected/ Drawer Harvest Harvest vation no. Botanic collection/ Species Determine no. date place degree Institution d by: (1..4) Cluj University’s Dr. K. 52 9 Herbarium Alchemilla aspestris 1921.06.12 M-tii Paltinis 2 Ungar Flora Romaniae Bucharest Polytechnic’s Herbarium, Silviculture Alchemilla palmata Piatra 52 23 1949.07.20 A. Beldie 1 Faculty, Botanic Gilib. Ssp pastoralis Craiului Laboratory Flora Romaniae Alchemilla arvensis Nasaud, 52 61 1940.08.25 I. Morarin 1 Exsiccata L. Valea Popii Bucharest Polytechnic’s Alchemilla Valea Herbarium, Silviculture C. C. 52 68 glaberrima 1934.08.04 Cerbului, 2 Faculty, Botanic Georgescu Schummel Bucegi Laboratory Bucharest Polytechnic’s Herbarium, Silviculture Alchemilla Bucegi, 52 44 1952.08.01 A. Beldie 1 Faculty, Botanic heteropoda Buser Baba mare Laboratory Herbarium Al. Beldie Alchemilla hybrida Bucegi, Vf. Beldie 52 52 1936.06.28 1 Bucharest L. cu Dor Alexandru ICEF Research and At. Alchemilla mollis Cheia, 52 36 Forest Experimental 1940.08.31 Haralamb 1 Buser Prahova Institute P. Cretzoiu Bucharest Polytechnic’s Herbarium, Silviculture Alchemilla mollis Predeal, V. 52 37 1948.08.04 A. Beldie 1 Faculty, Botanic Buser Rasnoavei Laboratory Alchemilla montana Inherbidis m. T. 52 19 Flora Bulgarica Exsiccata 1932.05.29 1 willd. Vitosa Georgieff Herbarium Al. Beldie Alchemilla Poiana 52 28 1947.08.02 A. Beldie 1 Bucharest monticola Tapului Bucharest Polytechnic’s Herbarium, Silviculture Alchemilla obtusa Bucegi V. 52 1 1942.08.16 A. Beldie 1 Faculty, Botanic Buser Jepilor Laboratory Polytechnics School Alchemilla obtusa 52 4 Bucharest, Botanic 1932.08.01 Bucegi P. Cretzoiu 1 Buser Laboratory Herbarium Al. Beldie Alchemilla Bucegi, 52 72 1947.08.07 A. Beldie 1 Bucharest pyrenaica Duf Gutanu Bucharest Polytechnic’s Herbarium, Silviculture Alchemilla silvestris 52 30 1943.06.01 Bucegi A. Beldie 1 Faculty, Botanic Sch. Laboratory Bucharest Polytechnic’s Bucegi Herbarium, Silviculture Alchemilla 1951.07.25 52 10 Pestra A. Beldie 1 Faculty, Botanic subcrenata Buser . Ialomitei Laboratory Alchemilla Alpespennin 52 16 Societe helvetique 1889.08.07 M. Bosse 2 subsericea Reuter es Piemont ICEF Research and Haralamb Alchemilla vulgaris 52 83 Forest Experimentation 1934.07.01 Mt. Radila et. 1 L. Institute Cretzoiu ICEF Research and Alchemilla vulgaris M-tii Ciucas, A. 52 86 Forest Experimentation 1934.05.13 1 L. Zaganul Haralamb Institute

RESULTS AND DISSCUTION

Achemilla is a plant from the veined, with a scalloped and serrated Rosales Order, Rosaceae family (the margin). The stipules are noteworthy in rose family, is a medium-sized family of that they are fused together and leaf like. lowering plants, including 4.828 known The chartreuse yellow flowers are held in species in 91 genres) with the common dense clusters above the foliage. name "lady's mantle" (Christenhusz, M. J. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alchemilla_ M. 2016 ). It is estimated that there are mollis) approximately 300 species, the majority native to cool temperate and subarctic regions of Europe and Asia, with a few species native to the mountains of Africa and the Americas. Alchemilla vulgaris belongs to the Rosaceae family, being present in hill areas up to mountain, humid ones, at forest margins and roads. The leaves are semi-circular, lobate (with 7 or 9 lobes), denticulated on the margins and with small and hard stems. The flowers are small, yellow-green and grouped in inflorescences. Common lady's mantle, is an herbaceous perennial plant commonly found in Europe and Greenland. Figure 2. Alchemilla mollis

Alchemilla erythropoda (dwarf lady's mantle) is a species of flowering herbaceous perennial plant from the Rosaceae family and native to Eastern Europe. It forms a clump of hairy, palmate leaves up to 15 centimetres high, with sprays of yellow flowers during early summer. Similar with its relative, A. mollis, their leaves are noted for being highly water-repellent. This plant is valued as groundcover cultivation in temperate regions as it tolerates a wide range of soil conditions, but is prone to self-seeding. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alchemilla_e rythropoda). Figure 1. Alchemilla vulgaris Alchemilla alpine or lady's-mantle is a perennial plant with a woody rhizome Alchemilla mollis, is an that can reach a height between 5 and 20 herbaceous perennial plant native to cm. The weak stems are silkily hairy and southern Europe that is cultivated grow from a basal rosette while the throughout the world as an ornamental leaves are palmate with about seven garden plant. It grows up to 30 or 45 cm lanceolate leaflets with toothed tips, (tall, with leaves that are palmately smooth above and densely hairy 78

Anallelle Uniiversiităţiiii diin Craiiova, seriia Agriiculltură – Montanollogiie – Cadastru (Annalls of the Uniiversiity of Craiiova - Agriicullture, Montanollogy, Cadastre Seriies) Voll. XLVIII/2018 underneath. There are alternate pairs of Alchemilla bursensis is a species leaves on the stems and the of lady's mantle that is endemic to two inflorescence forms a dense cyme. The sites in north-western Turkey. It inhabits flowers are lime green with four sepals, stream sides and banks under beech no petals, four stamens and a solitary forests, but it is likely threatened by carpel. They are hermaphrodite and the climate changes and forestry. seeds develop apomictically, without (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alchemilla_b being fertilised. The flowers begin to ursensis) bloom in June and fade in September, Alchemilla arvensis, perennial while their seeds can be collected from plants with long petiolate leaves that have August to October. 7 up to 11 lobes. The flowers are (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alchemilla_a organized in dichaz, glomerate and lpina) terminals. Usually found in mountain pastures, the plant has sericeous-silken leaves with rounded lobes. Alchemilla hybrida is a hairy plant with the stem and leaves petiole jointed. Commonly found in humid orchards from mountains, its leaves are sericeous-silken. Alchemilla alpestris, found in alpine orchards has a hairy stem and curly leaves, with semi rounded or short semi-oval lobes. Alchemilla jaroschenkoi, is found in alpine meadows and pastures. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alchemilla_j aroschenkoi) Alchemilla stricta, grows near Figure 3. Alchemilla alpine lakes or streams, in marshy grounds

(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alchemilla_s Alchemilla diademata has an tricta) erect 10 to 15 cm high stem. The stem is The most widespread Alchemilla highly pubescent at the base, while the species present in this herbarium are: trichomes become less dense at the tips. Alchemilla mollis Buser (11), Alchemilla The leaves are basal and measure 3 to 4 vulgaris L. (9), Alchemilla obtusa Buser cm height and 2 to 3 cm wide; they (6), Alchemilla pyrenaica Duf (5), resemble lobed kidneys with an oval and Alchemilla fissa Schummel (4), Alchemilla an inward curve on one side. The leaves hybrida L. (4), Alchemilla arvensis L. (4) are incised to the third into 7 to 9 lobes, Alchemilla monticola (4), Alchemilla each of them fringed by 6 to 7 teeth on subcrenata Buser (3), Alchemilla each side of the lobes. The teeth end with montana Willd. (3), Alchemilla arvensis bristles and are slightly connivant. The Scop. (2), Alchemilla flabellata Buser (2), leaf underside is hispid, while its sinus is Alchemilla pastoralis Buser (2), cordate. The plant has long, membranous Alchemilla silvestris (2) and Alchemilla and brownish stipules; it has a yellow- xanthochlora (2). green pedicellate and glabrous The plant’s harvest year. The inflorescence. The ovoid flowers appear plants were gathered in a time period from May to July, producing ovoid and ranging between 1854 and 1971. The urn-shaped fruits oldest plants of this genre are Alchemilla (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alchemilla_d montana, gathered in 1854 and iademata). Alchemilla vulgaris, gathered in 1858. 79

The periods in which most plants were subcrenata buser) is generally gathered were 1890-1899 and 1930-1949 represented by high mountain areas: (Figure 1). Bucegi Mountains (Babele, Cheile Ursilor, Peștera Ialomitei, Valea Cerbului, Poiana Crucii, Caraiman, Valea Jepilor, Varfu cu Dor, Golul Clabucet), Ceahlău Mountains, Piatra Craiului Mountains, Ciucas Mountains, Rodnei Mountains, or near cities from our country (Cheia, Câmpulung Muscel, Sinaia, Predeal, Auzga, Maneciu, Cluj, Turda). Various species of this genus were also harvested from abroad: Spain, Hungary, Bulgaria, Switzerland.

The experts that collect plants are Figure 4. Harvesting periods of Alchemilla plants represented by Romanian specialists (Al. from INCDS Herbarium Beldie, C.C. Georgescu, E.I. Nyarady, A. Haralamb, P. Cretzoiu) or foreign ones (D̕ The harvesting place of the most Lagger, Dr.Hrizish, Joh. Bubela Wsetin, of species (A. mollis, A. obtuse Buser, A. M. Bosse, R. Masson, Ph. Paiche A pyrenaica Duf, A. monticola, A. Geneve). xanthochlora, A. heteropoda Buser, A.

CONCLUSIONS

In "Alexandru Beldie" Herbarium, gathered from Romanian mountain areas which contains more than 40,000 plates, (Bucegi, Ceahlău, Ciucas, Piatra Craiului, 90 plates belong to the Alchemilla genus. Rotnei) or near cities from our country The plants from this herbarium were (Cheia, Câmpulung Muscel, Sinaia, gathered between 1854 and 1971, Predeal, Auzga, Maneciu,Cluj, Turda), as reaching a maximum in the period 1930- well as from some European areas 1949 and were gathered by renowned (Spain, Hungary, Bulgaria, Switzerland). Romanian and foreign botanists (Al. The plants are in a good conservation Beldie, P. Cretzoiu, C. Georgescu, E. I. degree and are very useful in many Nyarady, A. Haralamb). The plants were research and science domains.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Beldie A., 1967, Flora și vegetația species in the world and its annual Munților Bucegi. Ed. Academiei R.S.R., increase". Phytotaxa. Magnolia Press. București, 167 p. 261 (3): 201–217p. Beldie A. 1979, Flora Romaniei - Chisăliță I., D. Vasile, L. Dincă, 2017, determinator ilustrat al plantelor Unele specii de plante culese din parcul vasculare. Editura Academiei RSR. vol. I, Bazoș, județul Timiș, existente în colecția p. 263. Herbarului Alexandru Beldie de la Cântar I.C., M. Dincă, 2017, Doua genuri I.N.C.D.S. București, Revista de de plante din familia Poaceae (Melica si Silvicultură și Cinegetică, nr.40, 71-76 p. Eragrostis) existente in Herbarul Al. Dincă L., I.C. Cântar, M. Dincă, 2017, Beldie al INCDS Bucuresti. The characteristics of plant species from Christenhusz, M. J. M. & Byng, J. W. Arabis type present in Al. Beldie 2016. "The number of known plants Herbariun from I.N.C.D.S. Bucharest. 80

Annals of West University of Timișoara, Scărlătescu Virgil, D. Vasile, L. Dincă, ser. Biology, vol. 20 (2),115-122 p. 2017, Plant species from "Al. Beldie" Dincă L., D. Vasile, I. Voiculescu, 2017, Herbarium - Orobanche genre - short The characteristics of plants from description. ProEnvironment Promediu, Hieracium genre present in Alexandru 31(10), 191-198 p. Beldie Herbarium from I.N.C.D.S. Vasile D., Dincă L., Indreica A., Bucharest". Lucrări ştiinţifice USAMV Iaşi, Voiculescu I., 2016 - Herbarul Alexandru seria Horticultură - vol. 60 (1), pag. 39-48. Beldie - o colecție de plante și o Dincă Maria, L. Dincă, D. Vasile, 2017, importantă bază de date pentru A short description of Androsace genre specialiști. Revista de Silvicultură și plants present in Alexandru Beldie Cinegetică, nr.39, 114-119 p. Herbarium from I.N.C.D.S. Bucharest. 12.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alchemilla Currents Trends in Natural Sciences, Vol. _mollis 6, Issue 12,16-24 p. 13.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alchemilla _erythropoda Enescu Raluca, L. Dincă, 2017, 14.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alchemilla Description of plant species of _alpina Ornithoghalum genus present in Al. 15.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alchemilla Beldie Herbarium from ``Marin Drăcea`` _diademata Bucharest N.I.R.D.F. JOURNAL of 16.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alchemilla Horticulture, Forestry and Biotechnology, _bursensis Volume 21(3), 2017, 89-95 p. 17.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alchemilla Prodan I., Buia Al. 1958 Flora mica _jaroschenkoi ilustrată a R.P.R. -Ed. Agro-Silvică, 268- 18.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alchemilla 269 p. _stricta