18842- CONGRESSION-AL RECORD -HOUSE August 20- H. R. 12494. An act to authorize the Secre­ REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUB­ program of mortgage insurance to assist in, tary of Agriculture in selling or agreeing to LIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS financing the construction, improvement, .ex­ the sale of lands to the State of North Caro­ pansion, ~nd rehabilitation of harbor. facili­ lina to permit the State to sell or exchange Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of ties for boating and commerdal craft; to the such lands.for private purposes; committees were delivered to the Clerk Committee on Banking and Currency. · H. R. 12876. An act to extend title VII of for printing and reference to the proper By Mr. MILLS: . the Public ·Health Service Act (relating to calendar, as follows: H. Res. 693. Resolution providing for print­ health researc:Q. facilities) for 3 years, ·and for Mr. CELLER: Committee of conference ing as a House document the Compilation other purposes; of Social Security Laws; to the Committee H. R. 336S. A bill to amend section 1870 of . on House Administration. H. R. 13342. An act to provide for a survey title 28, United States Code, to authorize the of Parish Line Canal, La.; district courts to allow additional per­ H. R. 13558. An act to incorporate the Mili­ emptory challenges in civil cases to multiple · tary Order of the Purple ·Heart of the United plaintiffs as well as multiple defendants PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS States of America, of combat-wounded vet­ (Rept. No. 267~). - Ordered to be P!inted. erans who have bee.n awarded the Purple Mr. DAWSON of Illinois: Committee on Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private Heart; and Government Operations. ¥ortieth report of bills and resolutions were introduced and H. R. 13688. An act to provide airmail and the Committee on Government Operations severally referred as follows: special-delivery postage stamps for Members pertaining to Federat' role in aviation (Rept. By Mr. BOYLE: of the House of Representatives on the basis No. 2679.) . Referred to the Committee of the of regular sessions of Congress, and for other H. R. 13828. A bill for the relief of Pinkhas Whole House on the State of the Union. Argaman; to the Committee on the Judiciary. purposes. Mr. DAWSON of Illinois: Committee on Government Operations. Forty-first report By Mr. BURDICK: of the Committee on Government Operations H. R: 13829. A bill for the relief of Leonard ADJOURNMENT pertaining to Internal Revenue Service Zimmer; to the Committee on the Judiciary. (Rept. No. 2680). Refen:ed to the Committee­ By Mr. GUBSER: Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, I move of the W·hole House on ·the State of the · H. R. 13830. A bill for the relief of Alfred that the House do now adjourn. Union. E. Machado; to the Committee on the Judi-· The motion was agreed to; accordingly · Mr. PATMAN: Select Committee on Small ciary. (at 6 o'clock and 36 ·minutes p.· m.), the Business. Report pursuant to House Reso- · H. R. 13831. A bill for the relief of. Jesus Cruz-Figuero; to the c;:ommittee on the Judi­ House adjourned until_tomorrow, Thurs­ lution 56 pertaining to sightseeing businesses in the District of Columbia (Rept. No. 2681). ciary. day, August 21, 1958, at 12 o'clock noon. Referred to the Committee of the Whole ByMr.L~NE: House on the State of the Union. H. R. 13832. A bill for the relief of John F. Linehan; to the Committee on the Judiciary .. EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, By Mr. LATHAM: ETC. PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS H. R. 13833. A bill for the relief of Leo­ Under clause 4 of rule XXII, public nardo Castorina; to the Committee on the Under clause 2 of rule XXIV, execu­ bills and resolutions were introduced and Judiciary. tive communications were taken from severally referred as follows: By Mr. SANTANGELO: the Speaker's table and referred as H. R. 13834. A bill to confer jurisdiction follows: By Mr. AYRES: upon the United States Court of Claims to · H. R. 13823. A bill to amend section 104 of 2251. A letter from the Chairman, Fed­ hear, determine, and render judgment upon the Revised Statutes, with respect to con­ the claim of Henry G. Mathusek; to the Com­ eral Communications Commission, relative tempt citations in the case of witnesses be­ to transmitting for the - consideration of mittee on the Judiciary. fore Congressional committees, and for other By Mr. TOLLEFSON: the Congress amendments to section 409 (c) purposes; to the Committee on the Judiciary. of the Communications Act of 1934 ( 47 H. R. 13835. A bill for the relief of Frank . By Mr. CURTIS of Missouri: W. Clark; to the Committee on the Judiciary. U. S. C. 409 (c)); to the Committee on H. R. 13824. A bill to provide for an aver­ Interstate and Foreign Commerce. aging taxable income; to the Committee on 2252. A· letter from the Acting Secretary Ways and Means. of the Treasury, transmitting a draft of. By Mr. DOWDY: PETITIONS, ETC. proposed legislation entitled "A bill . to H. R. 13825. A bill to amend the act of Upder clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions amend subsection 432 (g) of title 14, United March 3, 1901, to grant a right of possession States Code, so as to increase the limitation· in certainproperty in the District of Colum­ and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk . on . basic compensation of civilian keepers bia to surviving widows, widowers, and minor and referred as follows: of lighthouses and civilians employed on children so long as such property is used as 733. By Mr. DOOLEY: Resolution of the lightships and other vessels of the Coast their principal place ·of residence; to the . Woman's Auxiliary to the Medical Society of Guard from $3,750 to $5,100 per annum"; Committee on the District of Columbia. the State of New York in opposition to enact­ to the Committee on Merchant Marine and ByMr. PELLY: . ment of the Forand bill (H. R. 9467); to the Fisheries. H. R. 13826. A bill to provide direct aid . to Committee on Ways and Means. 2253. A letter from the Acting Secretary States and Territories for educational pur- . 734. By the SPEAKER: Petition of the of the Treasury, transmitting the Annual poses only; to the Committee on Ways and county clerk of Maui, Wailuku, Maui, T . H., · Report of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics, Means. relative to requesting and urging the Senate prepared by the Commissioner of Narcotics, By Mr. FALLON: to approve H. R. 13070 in the form as passed for the calendar year ended December 31, H. R. 13827. A bill to establish within the by the House of Representatives; to the Com- ' 1957; to the Committee on Ways and Means. Housing and Home Finance Agency a new mittee on Interior and Insular Affairs.

E X T E N S 1·0 N S 0 F R E M A R K S

Social Security Amendments of 1958 and now goes to the White House for the the retiree to $100 monthly; fourth, ease President's signature. the eligibility requirements for disability EXTENSION OF REMARKS The immediate effect of these amend­ benefits resulting from gradual disabili­ ments will be felt in the monthly benefit OF ties; fifth, ease the eligibility require­ checks of approximately · 12 million ments for qualification as a family de- HON. LOUIS C. RABAUT Americans who are presently on the rolls . pendent; sixth, increase in the appro­ of the social security system. priations by $5 million for each of the OF MICHIGAN The more important changes made by IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Congress which ·will be highlighted in following: First, the maternal child health programs; second, the crippled Wednesday, August 20, 1958 the ben~:Q.t . pay]llents . of the near future are: First, raise of the·minimum to· $33 · children's services; and, third, the child Mr. . RABAUT. Mr. Speaker, on and the maximum to $118 monthly for welfare services. August 19, 1958, the Social Security retired workers; second, raise the maxi­ To support these increases the social- · Amendments ·Act of 1958 passed the mum to $254 monthly for family groups; security withholding tax was raised by Congress by an overwhelmin.g majority third, raise the eligible earning wage of one-fourth of 1 percent for employees 1958 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE 18843 and employers; by three-eighths of 1 Not everything was perfect in the new With the sudden and mysterious death o! percent for self-employed persons. republic. Czechoslovakian democracy suf­ Jan Masaryk, the popular foreign minister fered the deficiencies of political infancy. and son of the first President, open and Another consideration of the Congress Conscious of the experience of the suffering complete assumption of power in Czecho­ in passing these amendments is the fact of a supressed minority, the founders of slovakia by the totalitarian Communist re­ that this additional money will find its the republic were particularly anxious to gime was accomplished. And again thou­ way into the channels of trade with local fashion the parliamentary system and elec­ sands of Czechoslovaks left the country, merchants, thereby helping the local toral laws so as to assure the right of repre­ taking the grave risk of being shot or im­ economy. sentation to all, even every small minority. prisoned during their attempts to escape This lead to party splintership, and an over­ the new tyranny. emphasis on politics in all phases of life. It Settled now in all four corners of the resulted in the lack of centralized respon­ world, these exiles encompass all groups of Fortieth Anniversary of Independence of sibility. the population: workers, farmers, students, Czechoslovakia But this weakness was far outweighed by businessmen, industrialists, artisans, priests the accomplishments of the new nation in and preachers, army officers and soldiers, the field of economic stabilization and adop­ government officials and workers, mothers .EXTENSION OF REMARKS tion of modern social legislation. In the with children, and members of the police. OF international field Czechoslovakia stood At the risk of their very liv.es, Czechs and firmly on the side of those supporting the Slovaks have continually defied and out­ HON. ROMAN L. HRUSKA new permanent international organization, witted the vigilance of the Communist police OF NEBRASKA the League of Nations, with which the re­ and frontier guards in a succession of in­ IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES public shared its own growing pains. The geniously planned and daringly executed es­ Minister of Foreign Affairs, · Dr. Eduard capes. In freedom trains, airplanes, primi­ Wednesday, August 20, 1958 Benes, became one of the principal person­ tive armored vehicles built by their own Mr. HRUSKA. Mr. President, in Oc­ alities of the League. The Czechoslovak hands, in home-made submarines and diving Republic and its people occupied an impor­ suits and by innumerable other cunning de­ tober of this year, the 40th anniversary tant position among the free peoples of the vices they have forced the seemingly im­ of independence for the Republic of world. It gained the respect of friend and penetrable Iron Curtain. Czechoslovakia will be observed. foe alike for its political, social, and eco­ Many more remained at home because It was from this central European nomic accomplishments. The political struc­ their escape was impossible. Nevertheless country that my ancestors came. For ture and governmental policy of Czechoslo­ they too are giving evidence, by their open this reason, I have followed carefully, vakia during the first 20 years of existence or concealed opposition, that they do not and with great interest, the events which earned for it the title of "the most demo­ want the dictatorial rule of the foreign to­ have transpired there in recent times. cratic country of central and eastern Eu­ talitarian regime. Since my school days, I have read its rope." The impression many casual observers in The same forces that swept away the struc­ the West and among the neutral countries history, its literature, and its achieve­ ture of the postwar order in the interna­ may have that Czechoslovakia is one of the ments. tional status quo situation, destroyed the most stable and cooperative Soviet bloc Because the Congress will soon ad­ independence of this promising young re­ members is much more apparent than real. journ, I ask unanimous consent that public in 1938. Nazi aggression took its pri­ There is a large body of evidence pointing there be printed in the CONGRESSIONAL mary aim at its most immediate and most to the fact that the Czechs and Slovaks­ RECORD a statement which I have pre­ ardent foe, the Czechoslovaks. Due to the in overwhelming majority-oppose the pres­ pared in regard to this 40th anniversary. weakness of the Western democracies which ent-day regime in their homeland. Aside allowed themselves to be pushed by the Fas­ from the many thousands of those who were There being no objection, the state­ cists into the Munich agreement, the fight­ fortunate and succeeded in escaping from ment was ordered to be printed in the ing spirit of the Czechs and Slovaks was the workers' paradise, the people who re­ RECORD, as follows: broken. Their armed forces, at that time mained had given ample existence of their FORTY YEARS OF CZECHOSLOVAK INDEPENDENCE the best-equipped and best-prepared mili­ resistance to the Communist dictators. It (Statement by Senator HRUSKA) tary units of all the democratic nations, must be remembered that the way of insur­ were disarmed. rections which swept the Communist satel­ October 28, 1918, signified one of the most Events moved swiftly. In less than 6 lites in 1953, started in Pilsen and other in­ important landmarks in the modern history months after Munich, Bohemia, and Mora­ dustrial cities of Czechoslovakia. Likewise, of the Czech and Slovak people. That date via became German protectorates. Slovakia the 1956 revolts which culminated in the is often referred to as the origin of their was declared an independent state under Polish and Hungarian uprisings can easily be Independence. But mere dates mean little, Nazi sponsorship and direct supervision. traced in their intellectual contents to the for the 4th of July didn't mean the true Many Czechs and Slovaks who had the op­ example shown by the Czech and Slovak beginning of American independence nor portunity, seized it and joined the Western writers and students during the demonstra­ does July 14 indicate the beginning of Allies in the fight against the German­ tions in the spring of that year. French independence. The true origin of Italian Fascists. the aspirations for independence and re­ The best evidence of the weakness of the Even though the Czechs and Moravians Czechoslovakian Communist regime, how­ publican form of government of both of in the protectorate were not directly in­ these nations crystalized in the minds of ever, is demonstrated by the fact that the volved in the military action of the Second today•s rulers of Czechoslovakia find that their peoples long before they were declared World War, in their enforced labor for the or achieved. they must follow very closely the Moscow German military machine, thousands of the line especially the ruthless Stalinist brand By the same token, the feeling of neces­ patriots paid with their lives for their un­ of it, because they realize that any relaxa­ sity to be free and self-governed developed derground efforts to sabotage and slow in the thinking of the Czechs and Slovaks tion · would only encourage an open mass down the Nazi war industry. revolt. Let us keep in mind, therefore, in more than 40 years ago. The Czechs and At the end of World War II, due to the Slovaks have proved time and time again assessing the action of the present-day so-called liberation of the major part of the regime in Czechoslovakia, that it is not the that the spirit of self-determination and territory of Czechoslovakia by the Red Army wishes of the people, not even those of a national independence is very firmly im­ and the international conditions prevailing bedded in their thoughts and desires. That sizable minority, which are behind the de­ at that time, · undue Soviet influence was cisions of the Czechoslovak Communist Gov­ is why they can claim today that they are extended to Czechoslovakia. The Czecho­ celebrating 40 years of Czechoslovakian in­ ernment, but rather the bulk force of So­ slovakian Communist leaders, who had viet Russian superpower. dependence even though this small, strategi­ spent their war years in Moscow and who cally located central-European country has We can rest assured that the Czechs and returned to Czechoslovakia on the heels of Slovaks have remained faithful to their cul­ really been free and independent for only the Red army, exacted for themselves a one-half of that period. There has always tural tradition which has been closely tied share in the Government which was totally to that of the West, and that they oppose been enough evidence to prove that the out of proportion to the political positions Czechs and Slovaks, if left alone, would have the pressures to replace it by Communist they had prior to the war. A political strug­ cultural concepts. Even the most furious continued to develop their government along gle between Communists and non-Com­ the lines of a truly constitutional republic. attempts of the Communists to combat munists in Czechoslovakia broke out even Masaryk's democracy cannot destroy the The first 20 years after World War I were before the whole country was free. the formative years, when national inde­ people's attachment to the democratic tra­ In spite of the attempts of the demo­ dition of Presidents Masaryk and Benes. pendence was finally reached after 300 years cratically minded leaders supporting Presi­ of foreign suppression. The first President, dent Benes, this struggle was climaxed by Both Masaryk and Benes remain the sym­ Tomas Garrigue Masaryk, guided his peo­ the Communists' overthrow and seizure by bols of true democracy, of freedom from ple over the obstacles to new paths for the force and violence of the Government in Communist oppression. Through these sym­ realization of ideals developed and kept alive Februar·y 1948. Pressed by the threat of bols the Western cultural heritage in Czech­ in the minds of people during the long years civil war and Red Army intervention, Presi­ oslovakia shows great persistence under the of alien rule. · dent Benes yielded to Communist demands. eastern onslaught. 1884:4 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE August 20 Ten years of systematic intimidation ·and but in addition his boat will be perma­ ministrative· a-gency may exercise broad police terror have been unable to break the nently sealed in Davy Jones' locker along legislative. executive and judicial powers spirit of resistance of the people. Until very with his savings of a lifetime. Every­ above and beyond what the Constitution recently almost hermetically sealed fron­ tiers have proven no barrier to the resource­ one wants safety. permits. In other words, the Coast fulness of ,courageous indiv.iduals. in their Mr. Speaker, in order to get the answer ·Guard makes the law as embodied in quest · for · freedom. Inside the heavily .about objections to the law, let us look CG-249, it administers the law which it guarded borders the resistance continues at the facts, as well as the law, and see has made, it investigates, charges or in­ with. unabated vigor in spite of Draconic what happens and how the boatowner dicts, is both judge and jury, and has countermeasures taken by .the Communists. is affected under the law. First, let me constituted- itself the court· of appeals The role of this nation's present people is say that statistics show.that these boats and of last resort. The decision of the a harsh and difficult one: If it be said or Commandant is ·final, as · pointed out thought that it is hopeless, history will have the best safety record, the lowe.:;t refute such statement. In spite of the op­ percent of fatalities resulting from above. pressive heel of Nazi occupation and control travel, in history.. Therefore, on the Now this is·a criminal law-section 5- from 1938 to 1945, the 'Spirit of freedom and safety score there is no justification for for which a $1,000 penalty may be Uberty lived in great strength and hope. the law. This fact, within itself, is suffi­ imposed in addition to forfeiture of The 300 years preceding 1918, when theRe­ cient grounds for its repeal but let us the offending vessel. CG-249, section public was established, were a much longer proceed with our examination looking 185.05-1, seems to indicate that a man­ time indeed. But that same spirit lived on for a moment at the rules and the man­ slaughter charge may lie. CG-249 makes through generations none of which saw the light of independence and all that goes with ner in which they operate on the boat­ no provision for a fair and impartial it. owner, and remembering that some trial before a disinterested court of law The world can be sure that even now, 10 ~terns have no relationship to safety. so here is a fourth reason why the regu­ years after the Communists have taken over, Now boating and fishing have long lations are fundamentally objectionable the strong and clear will of the people and been honored callings dating back al­ and should be vacated and set aside. their desire to be free still burn brightly in most to the beginning of time and those According to CG-249, I am informed, the hearts and in the souls of the greatest who have devoted their lives to ·the sea some boats must be practically rebuilt. number of them. They are certain to be vindicated in their faith. When the proper are the men best qualified to know that Is this not a bill of attainder and a fifth time comes that effective and successful rules are necessary to govern their pro­ reason why · Public Law 519 should be blows can be struck, let us hope that the fession. Certainly an attorney would repealed? peoples of the Free World will boldly and not presume to tell a surgeon how to per­ It seems to me, Mr. Speaker, that here promptly help them to reenter the ranks form an operation nor would a physician we have regulations so harsh and ex­ of free rp.en once ~ore. . presume to promulgate court rules to pensive, and without reason or justifica­ govern the legal profession and court tion, as will bring financial ruin to an procedure. But the evidence before us industry and which at the same time is to the effect that the boatmen, those seeks to preclude a judicial hearing, or The Construction and Operation of Small to be governed and incidentally those remedy at law. Certainly the Congress Vessels who must pay the bill, had little or no never intended such a result. I think voice in promulgating the rules. But that one step that the 86th Congress EXTENSION OF REMARKS wherein and how are the rules objection­ should take is to repeal this law. able? In three places we find language OF reading: HON. A. S. HERLONG, JR. A like appeal shall be allowed • • • to OF FLORIDA the commandant, whose decision shall be Justice in Government Contracts final (sec. 175.20; 187.05-35; 187.30-05). . IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES VVednesday,August20,1958 Does this mean that the doors of the EXTENSION OF REMARKS civil courts are closed to the boatowner? OF Mr. HERLONG. Mr. Speaker, under Has he no remedy, or means of redress, permission to extend my remarks, I in­ through civil court procedure? How, HON. TOM STEED clude excerpts from a letter from the where and when, under CG-249, does OF OKLAHOMA National Boat Association, Inc., a na­ he have his day in court? Here, Mr. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tionwide association of boatowners, as Speaker, is one of the roots of the prob­ VVednesday,August20,1958 follows: lem and the first reason for repeal. If we are to maintain, separately, our In looking over CG-249 I find in sev­ Mr. STEED. Mr. Speaker, :mder leave ~egislative, executive, and judicial branches eral places-more than a dozen-lan­ to extend my remarks in the RECORD, I of Government, we feel constrained to regis­ guage reading, in effect: "as may be wish to commend to my colleagues atten­ ter our protests in this matter. tion to an article in Aeronautical Pro­ A small industry, struggling with the required by the officer in charge, ma­ rine inspection." Does this language curement magazine by Allen M. Smythe. highly competitive conditions as we have During my service in the Congress, I them today, a business which is seasonal mean that CG-249 excludes any remedy and must operate on a part-time basis only, provided by the Declaratory Judgment have had many occasions to consider cannot meet the demands required by the Act? If it means what it says, then we decisions of various administrative agen­ regulations. may have as many different interpreta­ cies. I am a member of the Small Busi­ tions of the law as there are inspectors­ ness Committee and as such have been Mr. Speaker, this relates to adminis­ conscious of their problem. Many times trative rules commonly referred to as every inspector will have his own theory in exercising the broad discretion at­ I have had the feeling that the various CG-249, published in the Federal Reg­ administrative agencies have been arbi­ ister on October 5, 1957 (46 C. F. R. tempted to be conferred under the rules. This, I am informed, has already re­ trary in their decisions regarding the 7949-7980) pursuant to Public Law 519 small businesses which do not have the of 84th Congress (46 U. S. C. A. 390- sulted in illegal discrimination and it may lead to arbitrary and capricious ac­ resources that the larger corporations 390g) which seeks to regulate the con­ have. In my own view, I know of at struction and operation of small vessels. tion. Under recent court decisions; I understand, if it is a discretionary mat­ least one growing industry in my own Letters coming to me indicate universal district where an arbitrary decision of opposition to this law and I have at­ ter, judicial review is precluded. Her~ then is another and second reason why an administrative agency did much to tempted to ascertain the reasons why force it into bankruptcy. the boatbuilders and owners mutually this law should be repealed. oppose the law. The statute was en­ A third reason for repeal is that the This article refers to a decision of the regulations are so long and complicated Armed Services Board of Contract Ap­ acted under the banner of a safety meas­ peals, with which I happen to be famil­ ure so the first question I asked was: as not to be understandable. "Can anyone object to safety?" Oh, no, I am advised that the Coast Guard, iar. Although the decision involves a · Mr. Speaker, everyone is for safety, first, being a military department of our Gov­ large corporation, Borg-Warner, it is my last, and all the time. Without safety ernment, is excluded from the operation idea. of how the Government should treat the boatman not only will forfeit his of the Administrative Procedure Act. a11 contractors and subcontractors. Mr. own life, as well as the "lives of others, Under CG-249, it appears that th1s· ad- Justice Holmes once said that" "when one 1958 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE 18845 deals with the Government, he should be confused by the charges and counter­ ·even meetings, came from the able and turn square corners." I believe in that. charges of politicians and labor leaders. energetic President of Brazil, Dr. Juscelino On the other hand, I believe in the motto The Area Redevelopment Act provided the Kubitschek. Secretary Dulles thought well on the Department of Justice Building, week's most vigorous and controversial de­ of the idea. bate. The act is intended "to establish an Drive and determination are characteristics somewhat to the effect that "The United effective program to alleviate conditions of of President Kubitschek. He was born in states always wins a case when Justice substantial and persistent unemployment Brazil in 1902, and lost his father when he is done to one of its citizens." and underemployment in certain economi­ was only a year old. Early in life he started This article refers to a case ,before the cally depressed areas." What does that to work and earn a living. Despite many Armed Services Board of Contract Ap­ mean? The bill goes on "that Federal assist­ obstacles, he studied medicine and became peals, ASBCA No. 3418-58-2 BCA sec­ ance to communities, industries, enterprises, a doctor of medicine. He served in hospitals tion 1836-May 27, 1958, which involves and individuals in areas needing redevelop­ in Paris, Vienna, and Berlin, and is a top ment should enable such areas to achieve Brazilian surgeon. It is unusual for a medi­ a rather novel contract problem. The lasting improvement and enhance the do­ ·cal man to ·become the head of a nation. decision is unique and far reaching. mestic prosperity by the establishment of President Kubitschek was elected mayor However, it does demonstrate that at stable and diversified local economies." Well, of B·elo Horizonte in 1940. In 5 years in least before the Armed Services Board of that's the .dictum of socialistic and Commu­ office, he was largely responsible for the Contract Appeals, the citizen can receive nist nations, if you analyze the language. city's planned growth. Later, he became fair consideration even though it in­ This reads like the language of United States governor of Minas Gerais, his native State volves a large amount against one of the high-flown for.eign aid to other countries, and, during his term in office, he helped services. but does this make it right. build its industry and attract capital. He The report accompanying the bill explained was a most popular governor and in 1956, the "why and where of chronic localized de­ became President 'of Brazil, amidst great pression" in this way: (1) Technological acclaim and approval. Washington Report change results in unemployment; steam He has great plans for Brazil and is a. locomotive mechanics are laid off by the decided friend of ours. We should aid him EXTENSION OF REMARKS coming of diesel engines (should we have had in every reasonable way to help build a OF subsidized pony expressmen, lamplighters, strong, progressive, democratic Brazil. He snuffmakers, buggy-whip manufacturers, has a wonderful motto that he follows re­ etc., when new products affected them?); (2) ligiously: "What I start, I finish." I recom­ HON. BRUCE ALGER migration of industry to low labor cost areas OF TEXAS mend it to our President. One of his plans results in dislocation of communties and is the setting up of" a new capital in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES workers (is this bad, or preventable? Rather, center of Brazil, to be called Brazilia. The Wednesday, August 20, 1958 isn •t this normal and expected in the freedom present capital of Rio de Janeiro is on the of competitive private enterprise society?); coast and is really unsuited as a capital. Al­ Mr. ALGER. Mr. Speaker, under ( 3) shifts in demand, as from coal to oil re­ though a beautiful and picturesque city, Rio leave to extend my remarks in the REc­ sult in hardship (isn't consumer demand is, in part, quite narrow and permits of little ORD, I include the following newsletter of and supply necessarily right in our form growth. It is also far distant from the in­ of society?); (4) seasonal unemployment of terior of the land. The site of the new capi­ August 16, 1958: resort communties such as Atlantic City, WASHINGTON REPORT tal wili be right in the center of the country. N. J., results in unemployment in off sea­ The task of setting up a new capital is gigan­ (By Congressman BRUCE ALGER, of Texas) sons (now, is the Federal Government sup­ tic. The great Turk, Kemal Ataturk, did The death of a colleague, Bill McVey, · of posed . to subsidize the Fair Park · conces­ just that in setting up Ankara as the new Illinois, abruptly halted House activities, as sionaire the other 11 months of the year?). capital of Turkey. last respects were paid to the highly respected These are but some of the reasons adyanced · I met President Kubitschek on my · last Member. Fifteen Members (11 House,.4 Sen­ by WRIGHT PATMAN and others sponsoring viist to Rio 2 years ago. My dear wife ac­ ate) have passed on during the 85th Congress. this bill. The scope and cost of' such a pro­ companied me. We had a most pleasant and The House adjourned Monday, after, eulogies gram is unlimited. The logic is unbeliev­ constructive interview. In fact, he presented of Bill, providing some sober reflection and able-downright fantastic-and I so stated me with ·his portrait photograph, taken in a sharp contrast to· the rushed activities on the floor. Where now is constitutional full regalia. This now hangs in my Wash­ preceding adjournment, now almost in sight. government--local and States rights-and ington office and I shall always prize it. :responsibilities? Who now mourns for the The Senate, or "other body," as it is called, Brazil will move steadily forward and on­ is racing to catch up with the House. In .taxpayer who will pay higher taxes and/ or Jose billions in the watered currency of in­ ward with its President. He is a human 1 day, ·the Senate passed 123 measures, on .fiation. And the bill passed-with a ma­ dynamo, constantly on the move to improve another 87, working nights and weekends. the lot of his people. We shall, I am sure, The House alternated early adjournments jority of Democrats for, and a majority of Republicans against it. hear utterances of a real statesman at the with rushed days, when bills were railroaded coming South American Summit Conference. through under suspension of the rules, a I hail President Kubitschek. hurried setting aside of the usual more time­ Undoubtedly, as a result of the visits of consuming and laborious parliamentary pro­ Dulles, Nixon and Milton Eisenhower to cedures. We are proving again how irre­ Weekly Broadcast of Congressman Celler South America and more particularly, their sponsible Congress can be-and the worst is contacts with Dr. Kubitschek, the United yet ahead. Billions of dollars of question­ Over Radio Station WINS, New York, States is now backing a move in Latin able expenditures and legislation of very Sunday, August 17, 1958 America for a loan bank. This is a reversal controversial nature are programed for next of policy. It will be an Inter-American De..: week under suspension. velopment Institution- a sort of financial Grim humor entered the scene when Judge EXTENSION OF REMARKS Marshall plan for Latin-American countries. SMITH, head of the Rules Committee, al­ OF These countries have been urging the estab­ legedly in disapproval to pending bills, left lishment of a hemisphere development bank Washington. This halted the normal pro­ HON. EMANUEL CELLER ever since the Marshall plan for Europe was graming of legislation. Most Members would OF NEW YORK set up in 1948. However, the United States concede, I am sure, that the current pro­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES steadily opposed the idea for a number of graming of bills by the leadership u~der sus­ political and economic reasons. For one pension, avoiding the Rules Committee, is Wednesday, August 20, 1958 thing, the United States preferred bilateral quite customary when in haste. Unfortu­ credit arrangements with individual Latin­ nately, it is also quite political. Example: Mr. CELLER. Mr. Speaker, under American countries because the United States as the Labor Committee voted 22-7 not to leave to extend my remarks in the REc­ could then firmly control the nature of the consider the watered-down Democrat labor ORD, I include the transcript of my re­ dispensing or spending of the funds. I be­ bill, and on party lines spurned the tougher marks over radio station WINS, New lieve however, the setting up of this Inter­ Republican bill, the leadership bypassed the York, Sunday, August 17, 1958: American Development Institution is a step committee and programed the labor bill for AN HONEST-TO-GOODNESS SUMMIT MEETING in the right direction and should help greatly House consideration anyway, under suspen­ to cement and solidify our relations with the sion. This bill, a whitewash of labor lead­ There is to be a summit meeting, but not neighboring Republics. ers' excesses dishonesty, and violence, is no with Khrushchev and Soviet Russia. It will doubt pleasing to Reuther who figures . he be a South American top-level meeting of THE "NAUTILUS" AND THE AFFRONT TO RICKOVER can't lose. If the bill is brought up and re­ Latin Americans, probably with Presidents All of us were recently thrilled when we jected as poor and ineffective legislation, and Foreign Ministers of Western Hemisphere received the news that the atom-powered there will be n.o corrective labor legislation at countries. submarine Nautilus plunged through the all. If it is passed, it won't alter the monop­ This is good news. It represents a healthy polar icecap at the North Pole. Another olistic dictatorial powers now enjoyed by change of attitude on the part of our State great forward step had thus been made in union leaders. Meanwhile, the public . will Department. The idea for the meeting or the conquest of the physical world. CIV--1186 18846 CONGRESSIONAl. :RECORD- HOUSE August· 20

This amazing voyage by the Nautilus un­ a;.pologized for its failur~ to invite the father The United States is fast learning that on der its skipper, Comdr. W. R. Anderson, of the submarine Nautilus to the White all levels of life, including the playing field, opens up great vistas for our military offense House ceremonies honoring the historic Red Russia uses her own rules. They must and defense as well as the development of cruise under the North Pole. Navy Secre­ win by either fair or foul means. new international trade routes. Just im­ tary Thomas S. Gates, on Tuesday last, in­ agine crossing the North Pole under the ice­ dicated that preoccupation with the opera­ p ack. It is almost too fantastic to believe. tional significance of the magnificent .However, this wonderful voyage under the attainment of the Nautilus caused -the fail­ The United Republican Fund of Illinois C!eep Arctic icepack was no mere accident. . ure to include Admiral Rickover as a guest. It may be eerie, but it did not take place in Secretary Gates paid tribute to the unique any dream world. It was the result of many skill of Admiral Rickover. The belated EXTENSION OF REMARKS d ays and nights of hard labor, weeks and statement, however, is rather cold comfort OF months, and years in the laboratory, on the and does not entirely clear the Navy. The testing ground and in the training camps. admiral is acclaimed on all sides, in and HON. LESLIE C. ARENDS It was a product of vision, wisdom, and ar­ out of Congress. Twenty-one Senators have OF ILLINOIS duous work. We pay tribute not only to cosponsored a bill to give the admiral a spe- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the gallant commander and the intrepid cial medal. · crew of the Nautilus, but also to the man Far more important, however, is the fact Wednesday, August 20, 1958 whose inexhaustible energy and wisdom that on the heels of the triumphant exploit Mr. ARENDS. Mr. Speaker, there made this wonderous exploit possible. That of the Nautilus, we received the information has been, and continues to be, consider­ man is Rear Adm. Hyman G. Rickover, the that a second nuclear submarine, namely father of nuclear-powered submarines. the Skate, sailed under the North Pole, du­ able discussion of the manner in which The likipper, Commander Anderson, was plicating the feat of the Nautilus. The De­ political campaigns are financed. Vari­ ealled to the White- House and received a fense Department said that the Skate sailed. ous proposals have been made. It has Presidential citation (the first Legion of from New London, Conn., July 30, reached even been proposed that instead of the Merit awarded in peactime) amidst con­ the pole last Monday and after going under party funds being raised by contribu­ siderable pomp and circumstance. The fan­ the pole, surfaced in a break in the ice 40 tions of individuals and organizations fare which greeted Commander Anderson miles from the pole. The Skate then con­ that they be appropriated from the must have been a great change from the tinued underwater explorations. long nights and dark days spent beneath the These two cruises of the Nautilus and the United States Treasury. Arctic. There were present, together with Skate point the way for amazing exploration The objective of all of us is _to pre­ the President, the President's aide, Capt. and the use of nuclear-powered cargo sub­ serve our two-party system and to E . P. Aurand; Thomas S. Gates, Secretary of marines as a new commercial seaway be­ strengthen it. The continuing struggle the Navy; Vice Adm. James A. Russell, Act­ tween the major ports of the world. In all, between the two parties enables our peo­ ing Chief of Naval Operations; Adm. Fred­ the United St ates is building a fleet of 33 ple to know both sides of every issue. erick. B. Warder, Commander of the Atlantic of these atomic-powered submarines. They That each party, through its respective Fleet Submarine Force; Adm. Jerauld will round out, also, our military defense Wright, Supreme Commander Atlantic Forces and offense. candidates, may present its program of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization; The country owes a vast debt to Admiral large sums of money are required to John A. McCone, Chairman of the· Atomic Rickover. Without his drive and energy and finance television programs, '-!"adio pro­ Energy Commission; and Lewis Strauss, Ad­ wisdom and inventiveness, the voyages un­ grams, for literature and advertising, ministrative Assistant to the President on der the polar icecap would have been im­ and for all those media through which Peaceful Purposes of Atomic Energy. possible. We all hail the skippers of the debate is conducted and the people ob­ The one additional man who should have Nautilus and the Skate, and the father of tain the facts upon which to make their been there was strangely absent. I refer to the nuclear-powered submarine, Rear Adm. decision. Rear Adm. Hyman G. Rickover who was Hyman G. Rickover. It is my view that the funds for this mainly responsible for the construction of RUSSIA AGAIN RENEGES the Nautilus. Frankly, he was, in effect, purpose should come from private con­ snubbed. Why was only the top brass in­ The ways of the Red Russians are passing tributions. To be sure, simply by vir­ vited to the ceremony and not the man re­ strange. Even in sports, we Americans are tue of their contributions certain indi­ sponsible for the Nautilus? The skipper of finding that these Russians have a rather viduals and certain groups have been the Nautilus, Comdr. W. R. Anderson, real­ bizarre or strange way with what we call the rules of the game: The Americans agreed to able to exert considerable inftuence in ized the affront and after receiving the Presi­ It dential citation at the White House went meet the Russians in certain athletic con­ governmental affairs. is for us to find directly to Admiral Rickover's office in the tests. Officials of the United States Amateur ways and means to correct the abuses. Navy Building and paid his personal respects Athletic Union got a signed contract from One of the ways is to encourage all the to the slight, frail figure, Admiral Rickover. Russian officials. It stipulated that men's people to contribute to the party and to The Admiral, when subsequently inter­ and women's events would be tabulated sepa­ the candidates of their choice. In this viewed, said he was "too busy to worry rately and would not be combined. This way it will be the many, and not just about snubs." Receiving snubs is nothing agreement was essential because American women do not take as great an interest in a few, who will be taking an active voice new for Admiral Rickover. In 1953 he was in what is proposed and what is opposed well-nigh involuntarily retired from the javelin throws, high jumps, shot puts and Navy. Navy promotion boards twice passed mile races as do men. American women by each political party. over him in selecting captains for promotion manifes_t no mass interest in sports. I wish to call your attention to a pro-. to rear admiral. Ordinarily, when you are The great athletic meet was held in Rus­ gram which has been undertaken in Illi­ twice passed over, that means retirement, sia on July 27 and 28. The team scores re­ nois which, if successful, will meet the but Congress recognized the wonderful nu~ vealed the following: For the men, the twofold objective of raising the necessary clear work registered by Rickover and forced United States received 126 points, the Soviet funds for political campaigns and the Navy to grant him his due. The Navy Union received 109 points; for the women, the stimulate individual interest in political took heed and made him a rear admiral. soviet Union received 63 points, the United Rickover's difficulty with the Navy stems States received 44 points. Immediately the affairs. I refer to the United Republican from his zeal in pushing the development Soviet officials, defaulting in their agreement, Fund of Illinois. of nuclear-powered ships. The Navy brass produced on the scoreboard the combined re­ The United Republican Fund of Illi­ does not like his outspoken comments and sults for both men and women: Russia, 172 nois has decided to raise most of its his disdain for redtape. Admiral Rickover points; the United States, 170 points. From funds for the 1958 election campaign now faces another fight; he is 58 years old the 30,000 Russian spectators there were through a dues-paying membership and his active duty will end July 1960, un­ great cheers, "The Russians won." program. This seems to me to be wise less he gets special extension of a year or The Russian Tass News Agency and radios and sound. is promoted to vice admiral. Congressional blared forth throughout the Red world, head­ pressure is already building up to force his lines, "Soviet Athletes Beat Americans." All The dues-paying membership pro­ promotion to vice admiral. I am for it. that the United States officials could do was gram will allow large numbers of people Commenting on the Nautilus feat, Admiral to point to the sealed agreement. The Rus­ to support the party. The fund has Rickover said, "It shows that we now have sians paid no attention to it. Far from apol­ sponsor-memberships at $100; sustain­ a ship that can hide under the ice and ogizing for their violation of their pledge, the ing memberships at $25, and associate when we get missile subs, like the Polaris, Russians are now demanding a 1959 match memberships at $10. anyone who dares attack us will inevitably and are further demanding the use of com­ Under the dues-paying membership be destroyed." bined scores of men's and women's teams. plan, large numbers of voters will as­ As a result of the vigorous protests di­ Very properly, the American officials rejected rected against the administration, and espe­ the demand. That rejection should meet sume the responsibilities of citizenship cially the Navy, for their failure to invite with widespread approval. Here we have by taking an interest in the party in Admiral Rickover to the Navy ceremony, it another concrete example of the Russian cus­ which they have a financial stake. It is indeed refreshing to learn that the Navy tom ot disnonoring agreeme_nts. will help build party loyalty. No longer 1958 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 18847, will there be a reason for those who wish education. My fear has been that Fed­ Certainly, Mr. Speaker, the closer to to be active to be left out of party affairs. eral bureaucrats would dictate to the the people the better the functions and A modest stake will cause members to parents and local community groups as management of any public service like show a more personal concern for the to just how the children of America education. Frankly I have not found party. The new program can build would be indoctrinated and stand­ that Federal scholarships or programs party strength and greatly increase the ardized. to raise educational teaching standards number of active workers. At the same time, in order to express· are the answer. Rather I favor giving The obligations of citizenship involve my interest in aiding education and at our educators adequate funds, and I am both going to the polls and voting and in­ once to prevent Uncle Sam from sitting confident we will not have to worry dividual contributions, however small, on every school board in the country and about Russian competition. to the support of the party of one's by purse-string control telling it what to choice. · do, I have introduced a bill which pro­ Through the program of dues-paying vides, I think, the simple answer to both memberships, the United Republican problems. My bill would direct aid to Young Men in Politics Fund of Illinois is making an outstand­ the States by allocating 1 percent, re­ ing contribution to our country's po­ spectively, of all Federal income taxes litical future-to saving the America we EXTENSION OF REMARKS collected in each State back to those OF know and love. Charles H. Percy, pres­ same States to be spent for education in ident of the fund, James C. Worthy, the accordance with the budgets and under HON. FRANK THOMPSON, JR. 1958 fund general campaign chairman, the exclusive management of those OF NEVV JERSEY and the fund board of governors deserve States. the thanks of the Congress for their de­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES termined effort to solve this important This would give Federal aid without Wednesday, August 20, 1958 problem. any Federal costs of administration or without any means of enforcing Federal Mr. THOMPSON of New Jersey. Mr. standards or control. Speaker, one of our country's great Sen­ Sound Federal Legislation To Aid Following is a table which shows the ators, as I am confident history will con­ firm, has some cogent observations to Education approximate amount of taxes which make about the part young men can would be returned to the various States play, and have played, in politics and EXTENSION OF REMARKS under the terms of my bill: points to our Founding Fathers as proof OF 1 percent of that politics and careers of distinguished Federal in­ service to the Nation are compatible. HON. THOMAS M. PELLY come and I include for the information of my OF WASHINGTON corporation taxes retained colleagues a brilliant article by Senator IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in State PAUL DOUGLAS, Of Illinois, from Esquire Wednesday, August 20, 1958 magazine of September 1958: Alabama------·------Arizona_.;. ______$4,281,000 1,745,000 THE BRIGHT YOUNG ~EN IN PoLITICS Mr. PELLY. Mr. Speaker, the plight 1,683,000 Arkansas------California ______{By PAUL DoUGLAS, Senator (Democrat. of education, including inadequate pay 52,558,000 Dlinois), of the United States) for teachers, lack of sufficient class­ ColoradO------7,115,000 rooms, and generally insufficient public In the seed-time of our Republic, young ])elavvareConnecticut------______11.411,000 men carved out stunning careers in public financial support has caused me to do Florida ______7,908,000 7,992,000 affairs. Jefferson vvas 33 vvhen he vvrote the some serious thinking. Declaration of Independence, ~adison 36 On the one hand, we are told the IdahoGeorgia------______------_ 6,433,000 1,146,000 vvhen he took the lead in drafting the Con­ school costs of the Nation are second Illinois ______---______---____ _ 52,029,000 _ stitution. The vvonder boy of the era, Alex­ only to the costs of national defense of Indiana ______ander Hamilton, by 32, vvas George Washing­ Iovva ______13,496,000 all public services. Furthermore, pub­ 5,386,000 ton's Secretary of the Treasury. At 20, he lic school expenditures, it is said, have 4,500,000 was vvell on the vvay to permanent fame as ~ansas------the General's military aide-de-camp, ad­ tripled in 20 years while personal-con­ Louhiana~entucky ______._____ ------·------_ 4,822,000 5,131,000 viser-and a lieutenant colonel in the Rev­ sumption spending has only doubled in ~aine ______1,663,000 olutionary Army. cost. We ate told that the per-capita ~aryland ______Nineteen signers of the ])eclaration of In­ school expenditures in America are three 15,410,000 ~assachusetts ______17,703,000 dependence vvere in their tvventies and ~ichigan ______times those of Russia. Meanwhile, as to 53,784,000 thirties and the average age of all signers ~innesota ______teacher shortages in late years, informa­ 9,974,000 about 45. I include Benjamin Franklin, 81, as an honorary member of these young giants. tion is published to the effect that the ~ississippL------·------1,538,000 increased percentage of number of ~issouri ______15,543,000 His mind-to quote a Convention delegate--­ ~ontana ______teachers has exceeded the rise in the 1,202,000 "vvas alive as any man of 25." Nebraska ______In a young, yeasty, nevv-borning America, percent of niunber of students. Also, a Nevada ______3,432,000 840,000 young men had political opportunity thrust recent study'indicated, for example, that Nevv Hampshire ______upon .them. Older citizens, except for the in 1957 teachers' salaries, on the aver­ Nevv Jersey ______1,292,000 18,841,000 perennially young-in-heart Franklin, vvere age, were 94 percent above the ~929 level, Nevv ~exico ______1,157,000 loath to break vvith the established order and whereas earnings of all workers were Nevv York ______126,126,000 English crovvn. So it vvas youth vvhich took up only 82 percent. North Carolina ______7,558,000 the plunge for independence, and young men North ])akota______On the other hand, Mr. Speaker, state­ Ohio ______662,000 catapulted into leadership positions, vvho be­ came Founding Fathers. Given responsibil­ ments come from reliable individuals Oklahoma ______41,547,000 and study groups pointing to the need of 5,578,000 ity, they matured rapidly. The Nation's Oregon ______highest honors vvent to the politician and accelerating our educational efforts and Pennsylvania______4,694,000 one only has to read the testimony in 46,278,000 statesman, along vvith the clergy, and these Rhode Island ______2,771,000 professions attracted the most gifted and support of the Federal scholarship bill South Carolina ______2,522,000 high-minded talents of the day. to arrive at the firm conclusion that South ])akota______Other great men in United States history Tennessee ______751,000 financial expenditures for education 5,181,000 have been early-bloomers. Voters sent must increase. Likewise, many able and Texas ______: ______21,578,000 Abraham Lincoln to the Illinois State Legis­ 1,593,000 lature at 25, and Stephen A. ])ouglas at 23. competent authorities say that, consider­ VermontUtah------~------____ .::______ing the respective sources of revenue, Virginia ______656,000 Franklin D. Roosevelt vvas a Nevv York sen­ with State and local taxes being in large 7,387,000 ator at 28. Though they came from vvidely measure based on real-property valua­ Washington ___ ----_____ -·------7, 807,000 . divergent backgrounds and eras, these men 2,919,000 and their careers offer object lessons for tions, the time has come when Federal ~~:~o~!~~~~~a-----~~-----~------·::::: ·: 1!,831,000 vvould-be politicos today. All began politick­ assistance for education is essential 527,000 ing in their tvventies. And they got their where taxes are based more on income. :!~~~~~~~~:~~~~.:---~~~~~-~===== 1,3i4,000 feet vvet, first, in local or State politics. All Mr. Speaker, I have consistently and were trained in the lavv. Social Scientist C. conscientiously resisted Federal aid to Total (approximate)----- 629,000, 000 Wright ~ills probing the personal histories 18848 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - -HOUSE August 20 of some 513 Americans who've held the Na­ Hell's Canyon. I rank him, as a · Senate _ I've cited hard-driving committee counsel tion's best political jobs over 164 years (Su­ speaker, along with such spellbinders as Robert Kennedy, who has hit the headlines preme Court justices, Presidents, Cabinet HUMPHREY, Of Minnesota; MORSE, Of Oregon, with his probing of Dave Beck and Jimmy officers, et al.) came •UP with the not-so­ DIRKSEN, of Illinois; JAVITS, of New York. Hoffa. He has one inherent advantage: his astounding fact that about 75 percent had Unless accident intervenes, CHURCH should be name is already known in American public been lawyers. long in the Senate-and perhaps as much life via his Senator brother, JOHN KENNEDY, This percentage holds roughly true for the an influence, in his own style, as his famed· and his father, Joe Kennedy, ex-Ambassador young Republicans and Democrats I'll pro­ predecessor, William E. Borah. to Great Britain, though all the very inde­ file (though they are also drawn from fields My own State of Illinois has produced a pendent Kerinedys like to carve out careers like teaching, journalism, the clergy, and colorful Congressman in KENNETH GRAY, on their own. Certain names do wield a business) . The reasons . for the long, sus­ from the southernmost District, the 25th, a political magic-the Roosevelts, the Tafts, for tained romance between the law and politics coal-mining and farming area. He hadn't example. Undeniably, they are of help in are obvious. Key Government jobs involve yet reached his 30th birthday when he was bringing a young man to public notice, the making, drafting, changing of laws. elected in· 1954, displacing GOP Congressman though performance is required to stay there. Psychologically, lawyers tend to be natural Bishop who'd won election after election for In Minnesota, the Youngdahl name is potent. candidates,- for the art of oratory and per­ 14 years. A wartime combat pilot, KENNETH Luther Youngdahl, now a distinguished Fed­ suasion can be used interchangeably to sway is a man in love with speed-he has a pen­ eral judge, for three terms was the State's juries or clients-or win votes. Furthermore, chant for flying planes, and driving autos, Progressive Republican Governor; now a voters do not hold the opinions of a lawyer full throttle. By profession, he's been an nephew, Kent Youngdahl, 29, has been twice against him. auto dealer; by hobby, a skilled auctioneer elected as an Independent Democrat to the If the first 30 years of United States history and magician. He used his talents as a 13-man Minneapolis .City Council. were a golden age for the young politicians, magician in his campaigning. One favorite From the field of journalism comes a 33- it is an older generation which now wields triclt: taking a man's shirt off without re­ year-old State Senator, George Brown, of political power. The average age of Congress moving his coat. This backfired in one Denver, Colo., ex-Air Force pilot and the first is 56. President Eisenhower is 67; Secretary case--'-when his sleight-of-hand revealed the Negro to be hired as a reporter on a major of State Dulles, 70. We're older as a Nation of grubby underwear of a local bigwig. Polit­ daily newspaper, the Denver Post, west of course, and a citizenry whose average age is ically, GRAY is tireless and knows virtually the Mississippi. Graduate of the University older naturally values maturity more highly. every family in his District by name. of Kansas School of Journalism. Brown It takes longer today for men to become Congressman GEORGE MCGOVERN, of South worked successively as a police reporter, avia­ known nationally. Mass communications Dakota is both an egghead and a war hero, tion editor, night city edit;or, and made such like TV and radio actually help older ·men who won the Distinguished Flying Cross for a name for himself he was appointed to fill hold onto entrenched positions through ex­ 35 bombing missions over Europe. (Fliers, I a vacancy in the Colorado -lower house in posure on these mediums-opportunities not . have observed, seem to do well in politics­ 1955. In 1956, he was elected on his own readily available to the young unknown. perhaps it has the same adventurous appeal.) right to the State senate. He came home from Europe to graduate from There are exceptions: Robert Kennedy and THE YOUNG REPUBLICANS Bernard Schwartz are already famous to the college, then went on to Northwestern Uni­ public as Senate investigators, as was the versity where he received a Ph. D. in history Wllo are the bright youngsters among t.he late Rudolph Halley-but generally the old and political science; subsequently he taught Republicans? guard has a firmer hold on the medium. history at Dakota Wesleyan. In a solidly Re­ I've had most friendly associations with a The selection of outstanding young poli­ publican State, he and a group of young peo­ number of remarkable young men in the ticians under 35 is not an easy one to make,­ ple set about building up a moribund Demo­ GOP over the years-the progressive and but there is no dearth of candidates. This cratic Party virtually from scratch. To do truly able Oren Root, Jr., in New York, for year, for example, a 29-year-old unknown; . so, he resigned his teaching job to serve as one; Phillip Willkie, sbn of the illustrious Democratic-Farmer-Labor candidate, Eugene organizing secretary of the Democrats from Wendell Willkie, for another. I thought so Foley, lawyer, came within 700 votes of be-­ 1953 to 1956. In the House he's known for highly of him, I made him counsel for the coming the first Democrat elected in Con­ his clear discussions of farm and foreign Senate Committee on Ethics in Government, gress in 65 years from a rock-ribbed GOP policy, and his interest in education is un­ of which I was ·chairman .. Nonetheless, I am dairy-farming district in Minnesota. Win­ flagging. This fall lle, too, faces a reelection nqt as well acquainted with young Repub­ ner in this close election was a 6-foot-3 Nor­ figllt, against Gov. Joe Foss, another war hero. licans under 35 as I am with their Democratic wegian-American dairy farmer, ALBERT Qm:E, In a recent poll, some 23 percent of voters opposites, I turned for advice and counsel in 34. Elected to fill the unexpired term of the queried said they regarded themselves as winnowing a 'list to friends like Willkie, now late GOP Congressman Andresen, QuiE must Republicans; 25 percent confessed to being practicing law in Rushville, Ind., to GOP run for oftice all over again this November. Democrats; the rest classified themselves as legislators, newsmen, officials in Republican Moral here: you can sometimes win--or al­ independents. There's no doubt that even Party headquarters, and administration staff most win as Foley did-in a hopeless con­ in historically solid Republican or Demo­ members. One authority sent along a wry test with the help of a burning issue. In this crat bailiwicks, voters today are more willing observation with his ballot: that GOP young­ case, traditionally GOP farmers, disgruntled to cross party lines, if an attractive can­ bloods tend, in his opinion, to be more con­ by Benson farm policies, simply stayed home didate (like McGovERN) comes along. servative today than their national adminis­ on election day. It's the young candidates Representative JIM WRIGHT, 35, shaped his tration-witness last year's Young Repub­ who often have the courage to run in swing political aptitudes by running first for the lican convention which repeatedly dissented districts, heavily populated by an independ­ mayorship of Weatherford, Tex.-actually, he from Eisenhower policies as too liberal. ent vote which swings back and forth be­ won the job twice. Then he was elected to a The border State of West Virginia has tween elections. Political old guardsmen House seat in both the 84th and 85th Con­ something of a political wunderkind in the aren't so apt to covet candidacies in these gresses. An ex-advertising man, he was sin­ immensely attractive Gov. Cecil Highland volatile areas. Victory takes idealism, long gled out in 1953, by the Texas Junior Cham­ Underwood, 1 of 5 children of a dirt farmer. hours of political drudgery enthusiasm­ ber of Commerce, as one of the year's five Not since 1933 has a Republican lived in the youthful qualities all. As a result, you are outstanding young Texans. He, too, has a West Virginia Governor's mansion. At 35, apt to find stronger, better candidates in the notable war record-winner of the Distin­ Und,erwood's also the youngest governor in seesaw contests. guished Fying Cross in B-24 combat missions the Nation. By his early twenties he was in World War II. - · deeply immersed in politics as well as in THE YOUNG DEMOCRATS In Washington, powerful influence is not pursuing an academic career-first as a grad­ With some of these considerations in mind, possessed solely by elected ofticials. In aRe­ uate fellowship student, then high-school I lead off my list by profiling the young publican administration you will obviously teacher, finally vice president of Salem Col­ Democrats whom I naturally know most in­ find fewer zealous young Democrats in high lege-with time out for door-to-door selling timately: places than you would, say, in the heyday of as a Fuller brush man. At 22, he won a seat First, of course, is the United States Sen­ the New Deal. in the State legislature and campaigned in ator from Idaho, FRANK CHURCH, a handsome, One young man, whose name is seldom in seven elections thereafter without losing a slender youngster of 34. CHURCH, a lawyer the public prints, at 29 is a formidable be­ one. Normally, West Virginia votes Demo­ who saw World War II action in Burma, hind-the-scenes power. He is Bobby Baker, crat by more than 100,000 majority; the Re­ China, and India, was elected to the Senate of South Carolina, secretary for the Demo­ publicans were dispirited, to say the least, after fighting his way through a crowded cratic majority in the Sen_ate and hence Sen­ after a 30-year losing streak, but by the time Democratic primary and then beating the ator LYNDON JOHN_:SON'S right-hand man. Underwood revitalized the party, he won Republican incumbent, Herman Welker, by Baker is a persuasive force in the cloak­ the governorship by 60,000 votes. He was as big a majority as that by which President rooms-he sounds out Democratic opinion on indisputably helped by two factors; Eisen­ Eisenhower carried the State. Coming to upcoining bills, estimates their cllance for hower ran on the same ticket, and carried the Senate a virtual unknown (though he passage, makes sure that enough Democratic the State; the Democrats were grievously had been chairman of the State Young Dem­ Senators are rounded up for crucial rollcalls. split between conservative and liberal wings. ocrats from 1952 to 1954 and had married into In time, he may emerge another Leslie Hartford, Conn., insurance capital of a family of prominent Idaho Democrats) , he Biftle, the gray eminence among Democratic America, is an industrial town which almost established himself as an orator by a mag­ lawmakers, wllo went on being a party power invariably votes Democrat by about a 25,000- nificent speech in favor of a high dam at year in, year out. vote majority. But 34-year-old EDDIE MAY 1958 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE 18849 managed to. se.cure a House seat for the Re­ and a director of the National Conference of bankers, the manufactur.ers; the railroad publicans 2 years ago largely. by force of Christians and Jews. He displayed an affin­ kings. There are signs, happily, that this personality, and by . wa:ging a whirlwind ity for getting on famously with the varied prejudice is lessening. Mter World War II, speaking marathon before Kiwanis, Rotary, ethnic groups-the Filipinos, Chinese-in particularly, many veterans came home with veterans' groups and other civic organiza­ this polyglot city, which still has a rugged, ideas about building a better America; the ·tions. Eighteen months before elections, -frontierlike spirit about it. Since his elec­ hurly-burly of war, perhaps, made men look party leaders decided to q1a~e an all-out fight tion, Clinton has shown a nonpartisan ten­ more kindly upon the hurly-burly of politics. for -the seat. They set about methodically dency to call on Democrats, as well .as Re­ Business m~y still be. more lucrative and searching for a fresh personality who coulQ. publicans, as advisers and consultants to his other professions less risky. attract the independent vote . . They were administratiQn. 'But ft;om personal experience, first in Chi­ attracted by MAY's speaking ability, his In Ohio, newspapermen have voted John cago ward politics, later .in Washington, I strong junior chamber of commerce and Ashbrook, 29, one of the State's outstand­ can .attest that politics is still the most ex­ civic-organizational ties, his war record as a ing legislators. His father, the late William hilarating of callings for the you:J;lg man of P-38 fighter pilot, his reputation as a suc­ Ashbrook, was a conservative Democrat who ideas. And the Nation has never needed cessful insurance man with wide acquaint- represented the 17th District in Congress for him more. · anceship. . 20 years and ran his weekly newspaper in In a rather jet-propelled career, young Johnstown, Ohio, as a stanchly Democratic JoE HOLT of California, went from the Uni­ organ. In 1953, his son inherited the pub­ Let's Prohibit Travel by Communists versity of Southern California to fighting in lication and switched it over to the GOP World War II, then back to college, where column. Graduate of the Ohio State Law he was active in Republican politics and, School, Ashbrook as a Harvard undergrad­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS upon graduation, became president of the uate, was a very active young Republican OF Young Republicans of the State of California. club member; as a Navy officer he went to the When the Korean war started, he went back antarctic in 1946 and 1947 with the Byrd HON. ALBERT P. MORANO into service and was wounded in a booby­ expedition, came back to plunge into Ohio OF CONNECTICUT trap explosion in Korea. Only a few months politics, and nationally is well known as after his return from the wars, this tough, chairman of the Young Republicans' Na­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES blunt ex-Marine, at 28, became a candidate tional Federation. Wednesday, August 20, 1958 for the House, has demonstrated his staying THE TRENDS power by winning election three times. Mr. MORANO. Mr. Speaker, under In the South, young WILLIAM CRAMER, of Some trends seem to emerge from my list leave to extend my remarks in the REc­ Florida, is an important personality-far be­ of candidates. Nearly all the men have serv­ ORD I wish to include the text of a state­ yond his two-term election to Congress, for ice records; most in World War II, a few in ment I prepared for delivery coincident he is the· only office-holding Republican of Korea. One or two were boomed for office with the consideration of H. R. 13670, any importance in the State, and first to be as war heroes. They have traveled widely either in uniform or as footloose Americans, the bill which our House Foreign Affairs elected in his District since 1875. As a lieu­ Committee unanimously ordered re­ tenant junior grade, ·cRAMER took part in the and have college degrees, if not higher aca­ invasion of southern France, graduated Phi demic honors. Despite the onus of egghead, ported. Beta Kappa from the University of North which quite improperly dogged Adlai Steven­ This bill permits the Secretary of Carolina, went to Harvard Law School. He son in two presidential campaigns, candi­ State to prohibit travel by Communist learned his political ABC's as minority leader dates are finding it less necessary to talk agents, saboteurs and spies, and is of th~ in the Florida State legislature, then as re­

Federal Antibombing Legislation no partisan or sectional differences Senator H. Alexander Smith, of New about this legislation. Every law-abid­ Jersey EXTENSION OF ·REMARKS ing citizen is outraged by such acts of violence and terror. OF EXTENSION OF REMARKS The proposed legislation will make it a HON. KENNETH B. KEATING Federal crime to import or transport or OF OF NEW YORK possess any explosive with knowledge or HON. JAMES C. AUCHINCLOSS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES intent that it will be used to damage or OF NEW JERSEY destroy any building for the purpose of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Wednesday, August 20, 1958 interfering with its use for educational, Mr. KEATING. Mr. Speaker, I have religious, charitable, or civic objectives, Wednesday, August 20, 1958 introduced legislation which will permit or of intimidating any person pursuing Mr. AUCHINCLOSS. Mr. Speaker, I the Federal Government to lend a help­ such objectives. Under the terms of cannot let the session of Congress close ing hand to local efforts to deal with re­ the bill, Federal intervention will be pos­ without expressing my deep gratitude cent bombings in many southern and sible as soon as any such bombing takes and respect for the magnificent service some northern communities, involving place. This is accomplished by a pre­ the senior Senator from my own State of homes, churches, synagogues, schools, sumption that dynamite used to blow New Jersey, H. ALEXANDER SMITH, has and community centers. An identical up any of the kinds of buildings speci­ rendered the country during his terms bill has been introduced by the gentle­ fied has been illegally imported or trans­ of office in the Senate. man from New York [Mr. CELLER], and ported. At the same time, to meet any His is a character·that is outstanding. a similar bill has been introduced by constitutional objections, the bill pro­ Resolute in his opinions; honest in his the gentleman from Florida [Mr. CRA-· vides that no person may be convicted efforts;· tireless in his consecrati.on to MER]. I am certain that there will be unless there is evidence independent of duty; and devoted in his service to his 1968 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 18851 country, Senator SMITH has set an exam­ ton in the markets at pdces above the sup­ available to farmers who ele9t -choice (b) ple of conduct worthy of the .emulation port level for the (b) producers. (sec. 101). of all. His voluntary retirement from Th_e (a) and (b) choice_ programs would After 196_0: After 1960_, farmer~? will receive . be discontinued after the 1960 crop, and price only their regular acreage . allot~ent, and office will leave: ·a void that will be hard supports would be set at the discretion of price support will_ be at such. }evel as the to :fill in the councils of the Senate and. the Secretary for .all cotton producers at not Secretary determines within the foll-owing judging by. the encomiums of his col­ less than 70 percent of-parity irr 1961 and not limits: For 1961, the· level will be not less leagues, he will be greatly missed. less than 65 percent of parity' for 1962 and than 70 percent and not more than 90 per­ · AS an ofd friend of more than 60 years, subsequent years. cent of ·parity; after 1961, the level will be his departure means a great loss to me, The new farm bill retains the parity prin­ not less than 65 percent and not more than but I am confident that the influence of ciple. The bill provides that parity shall be 90 percent of parity. The escalator clause applied, as heretofore, to Middling %-inch under which the minimum support level is his sterling character will long be felt, cotton through the 1960 crop, and thereafter determined on the basis of the supply per­ and his wise counsel will long be. re­ parity shall be applied to the average of the centage is repealed effective with the 1961 membered. - I join enthusiastically with crop. It is expected that the floor of 65 crop. Price support for cotton will be based his host of friends in wishing him and percent of parity effective in 1.962 and there­ on the average quality of the crop, beginning his good wife the best of everything in after would mean a minimum of at least 30 in 1961 (sec. 102). the days to come. May God's rich bless­ cents a pound for Middling hinch cotton. Minimum national marketing quota: The ings attend them always. Under the new bill, beginning with the act provides a minimum national marketing 1959 crop, the Secretary is directed to estab­ quota for cotton, after 1960, equal to esti­ lish separate price support rates for split mated domestic consumption and exports grades of cotton and for full grades substan­ less imports subject to such adjustment as The Ag_ricultural Act of_ 1958 tially reflecting relative values. will as~ure the maintenance of adequate but not excessive stocks, but the Secretary in CORN making such adjustments may not reduce EXTENSION OF REMARKS The bill provides for a referendum, by De- · the national marketing quota for any year OF cember 15, 1'958, in which farmers of the below the larger of (i) estimatt;ld- domestic commercial corn area would choose be-tween: consumption and exports less 1 million bales HON. HAROLD D. COOLEY ( 1) ·The present program of acreage allot­ or ( ii) 10 million bales (sec. 103 ( 1) ) . OF NORTH CAROLINA ments and price. supports at between 75 and Minimum national allotment: Beginning IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 90 percent of parity; and with the 1959 crop, the act provides for a (2) A new program which would abandon minimum national acreage allotment for Wednesday, August 20, 1958 the commercial area designation, abolish all cotton of 16 million acres (sec. 103 (2)). Mr. COOLEY. Mr. Speaker, in re­ corn acreage allotments and set price sup­ Converting national marketing quotas to ports at 90 percent of the aver.age market acreage allotments: The act provides for the sponse to numerous requests ~oming price for the preceding 3 years, or at 65 per­ use of a 4-year yield instead of a 5-year from throughout the country for explan­ cent of parity (around $1.14 a bushel), yield in converting the national marketing atory matter with respect to the farm bill whichever is higher. The support would quota to a national acreage allotment (sec. just approved by the Congz:ess- and now. apply to corn produced throughout the Na­ 103 (4)). awaiti,ng action by the Pre$ident, I have tion, not to any designated commercial pro­ Extra long staple cotton: Beginning with prepared a concise statement on the pro­ ducing area. the 1961 crop, the national marketing quota visions of this bill. With the permission RICE for extra long staple cotton will be an of the House, I shall insert this ~atter in The bill establishes a national mm1mum amount equal to the estimated domestic the R:EcoRn: allotment of 1,652,000 acres, with price sup­ consumption plus exports, less imports, plus ports to be set by the Secretary in 1959 and such additional number of bales ·as the MAJOR PROVISIONS OF THE AGRICULTURAL ACT 1960 at between 75 and 90 percent of parity, Secretary determines is necessary to assure OF 1958 at not less than 70 percent of parity in 1961. adequate working stocks until cotton from COTTON and not less than 65 percent of parity in 1962 the next crop becomes readily available (sec. · With respect to cotton the bill prevents a a,nd subsequent years. The bill forestalls 103 (3)). reduction in the national cotton acreage al­ a cut in rice acreage from 1,652,000 in 1958 Minimum farm allotments: The act pro­ lotment froin 17,500,000 acres in 1958 to. ap­ down to about 1 million in 1959. vides for permanent minimum farm cotton proximately 14 million acres in 1959. The WOOL allotments of 10 acres or the 1958 acreage bill provides a minimum national allotment The National Wool Act is extended for 3 allotment established for the :farm, which­ of 16 million acres in 1959 and subsequent years, from March 31, 1957 to March 31, ever is smaller. 310,000 acres over and above years. It stipulates that · ne> individual the national acreage allotment are provided 1960. for apportionment to the States (1,000 acres grower who had an allotment of 10 acres or MILK less in 1958 shall have,his allotment reduced to Nevada) on the basis of the States' needs and provides 310,000 additional acres for this The veterans and armed services milk for additional acreage for establishing such purpose. program is extended for 3 years. minimum allotments, and such further acre­ The Secretary of Agriculture is authorized r Mr. COOLEY. Mr. Speaker, for those age as may be necessary is authorized to be to give each cotton farmer a choice in 1959 apportioned to the farm to increase each and 1960 between: wanting a more detailed discussion of farm acreage allotment to the prescribed (a) Remaining within his acreage allot- . the new farm bill I am inserting a sum­ minimum (sec. 104 (a) (b) (c), sec. 105). ment and receiving price supports in 1959 mary of principal provisions prepared by Method of · determining farm allotment: at no less than 80 percent of parity, and in the Office of the General Counsel, United The act authorizes the Secretary to use the 1960 at no less than 75 percent of parity. States Department of Agriculture, as previous year's allotmen:t (instead of till­ (b) Planting up to 40 percent above his · follows: · able acreage or history) as a basis in making allotment and receiving price support on all allotments if he determines that such action the cotton he produces at not less than 15 SUMMARY OF PRINCIPAL PROVISIONS OF AGRICULTURAL ACT OF 1958 will facilitate effective administration (sec. parity points below the support level of the 106) . . choice (a) producers who remain within their (Prepared by the Office of the General Coun­ Retention of surrendered· acreage in allotments. This would mean that in 1959 sel, U.S. Department of Agriculture) county: The act provides that any cotton the support lev~ for the choice (b) producers . TITLE I--cOTTON acreage which is surrendered shall be re­ could be no lower than 65 percent of parity The years 1959 and 1960: For 1959 and 1960, tained in the county and not surrendered to and in 1960 no less than 60 percent of parity. each individual farmer will have a choice be­ the State committee so long as any farmer Price support!? for choice (a) farmers tween (a) his regular acreage allotment and in the county desires additional cotton acre­ (those ph'mting within their original allot­ price support as determined under section age (sec. 107). ments) would be through a Government pur­ 101 of the Agricultural Act of 1949 (except CCC sales restrictions: Effective August 1, chase program, and cotton so purchased by that for the 1959 crop the level of support 1961, minimum prices for sales of CCC cotton the Commodity Credit Corporation, as well as shall be not less .than 80 percent of parity) · for unrestricted use are increased to 115 per­ any other cotton owned by the ceo, could or (b) an increase of not to exceed 40 percent cent of support price plus reasonable carry­ be made available for sale, through July 31, (the precise percentage to be determined by ing charges, except that CCC is authorized 1961, for unrestricted use at not less than 110 the Secretary) in his regular farm allotment to sell at the market price a number of bales percent of the then current level of support · with price support at 15 percent of parity equal to that by which the national market­ for choice (b) farmers. This would mean lower than the level determined for farmers ing quota is less than domestic consumption that in no event could the Government sell who elect choice (a) • Price support to and exports (sec. 109). cotton at less than 71.5 percent of parity in farmers · who elect choice (a) will be made Cotton export ·program: The act provides 1959 nor less than 66 percent of parity in avail~bl~ t_p.rough . a purchase program. that nothing therein shall be construed to 1960. 'Thus ·it would be expected that (b) CCC is directed to offer cotton for sale for un­ affect or modify the cotton export sales pro­ farmers (who plant above their basic allot ­ restricted use a:t ~ot lesf? . than 10 perce.ri.t gram provided for in section 203 of the Agri- - ments) might ·be-able to dispose of 'their cot- · above the lower price ~upport level made cultural Act of 1956 (sec. ~10). 18852 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE August 20. Split grades: Beginning with the 1959 crop President's Veto of Appropriation Bill worse. The veto has raised considerable re­ of cotton, the Secretary is required to estab­ aentment in the Congress partly because of lish separate price support rates for split With Funds for Veterans and Post the widespread feeling that the Government grades (sec. 111). should live up to its obligations in the same Offices way it. expects business to live up to its ob­ TITLE n-coRN AND FEED GRAINS ligations; and partly because the veto Corn: The act provides for a referendum amounts in effect to an "item veto" which to be held among corn producers in the EXTENSION OF REMARKS OF is not permitted by the Constitution. It is commercial corn-px:oducing area to determine uncertain what action the Congress will which of two programs shall be in effect. If take, and until action is taken the Veterans' a majority of the producers favor it, acreage HON. JOE L. EVINS OF TENNESSEE Administration and the other agencies will allotments and the commercial corn area not be able to carry out their projected pro­ will be discontinued, and price support for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES grams for the present fiscal year. corn will be 90 percent of the average price Wednesday, August 20, 1958 While the construction of the post offices received by farmers for the 3 preceding years, at Carthage and Lafayette and the new vet­ but not less than 65 percent of parity. If Mr. EVINS. Mr. Speaker, in view of erans hospital in Nashville may be further the referendum fails to carry, acreage allot­ the fact that we shall shortly be con­ delayed a few weeks as a result of the veto, ments will continue to be in effect, and the it is fully expected that the Congress will minimum level of price support will continue sidering once more the independent of­ fices appropriations bill, under unani­ shortly act to authorize funds for these proj­ to be between 75 percent and 90 percent of ects-whatever it may do about the retire­ parity on the basis of the supply percentage, mous consent I insert in the CoNGRES­ ment fund. - as provided under section 101 of the Agri­ SIONAL RECORD my newsletter Of August cultural Act of 1949 (sec. 201). 11, 1958, which deals with the President's Other feed grains: Beginning with the veto of this bill. The newsletter fol­ 1959 crop, price support for oats, rye, barley, lows: and grain sorghums will be at a level deter­ CAPITOL COMMENTS Middle East Policy Proposal mined by the Secretary to be fair and reason­ able in relation to the price support for corn, (By JoEL. EVINS, Member of Congress, taking into consideration the feed value of Fourth District, Tennessee) EXTENSION OF REMARKS the commodity in relation to corn and the PRESIDENT VETOES APPROPRIATION BILL WITH OF other factors specified in section 401 (b) of FUNDS FOR VETERANS AND POST OFFICES HON. OMAR BURLESON the Agricultural Act of 1949 (sec. 201). President Eisenhower this week vetoed the TITLE Ill-RICE independent offices appropriations bill. The OF TEXAS Acreage allotments: The minimum na­ measure carries funds for 17 of the inde­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. tional and State acreage allotments presently pendent Federal agencies, including the Gen­ Wednesday, August 20, 1958 in effect for rice will be extended permanent­ eral Services Administration and the Vet­ ly (sec. 301). erans' Administration. By far the largest Mr. BURLESON. Mr. Speaker, the Price support: The escalator clause under portion of the nearly $6 billion in the bill following appeal for a new United States which the minimum support level is deter­ was budgeted for the Veterans' Administra­ policy in the Middle East, based on a mined on the basis of the supply percentage tion and provided increases in funds for policy statement written for members of is repealed effective with the 1959 crop. Be­ veteran hospitalization, pensions, and the construction of veterans hospitals, including the National Committee for Security and ginning with the 1959 crop, price support Justice in the Middle East by author­ will be at a level determined by the Secretary the new hospital at Nashville. In the budget Within the following limits: For 1959 and for the General Services Administration historian Alfred M. Lilienthal upon his 1960, price support will be not less than 75 there were funds for new post offices and recent return from a 4-month visit in percent and not more than 90 percent of Federal buildings in many districts through­ the area, more nearly deals with realities parity; for 1961, price support will be not out the United States. of existing conditions than other policies less than 70 percent and not more than 90 In his veto message the President objected recently announced and proposed: percent of parity; after 1961, price support to a provision of the bill which required the "The landing of marines in Lebanon will be not less than 65 percent and not more Federal Government to make a half-billion­ was an act out of character which in­ than 90 percent of parity (sec. 302). dollar deposit in the retirement fund for Federal employees. Federal employees are vited endless misinterpretation. The TITLE IV-WOOL not covered by social security-instead they motives can be explained, but suspicion Extension of Wool Act: The Wool Act is have their own retirement plan and con­ cannot be destroyed. extended for 3 years until March 31, 1962, tribute a percentage of their pay to the re­ "History has long refuted the notion and provides for the use of 70 percent of the tirement fund. The Government is sup­ that tanks, guns, and paratroops can ex­ ad valorem duties on wool and wool products posed to match _ this contribution. It has tinguish the flames of a burning nation­ (in addition to 70 percent of the specific not been doing so, however, and is now some duties) (sec. 401). · alism. For what has been taking place $18 billion in arrears-not counting the loss in the Middle East has been an Arab TITLE V-MISCELLANEOUS of interest which would have been earned if the Government had made its contribu­ renaissance-a struggle to be free of for­ Transfer of acreage allotments: A uniform tion to the fund. It can well be imagined eign domination and of external .inter­ procedure is provided for transferring the what an outcry would arise if a private allotment on a farm from which an owner is ference-a determination to be united. corporation or labor union were guilty of "The attitude of the West toward the displaced by eminent domain proceedings to such a practice in the operation of a pension other farms owned by the owner (sec. 501). struggle of the Arab people for complete plan. freedom is a matter of record. In 1917 Equity payments: CCC is authorized to Although it was realized that the Govern­ take over unredeemed collateral under non­ ment could not possibly catch up with its ar­ Arab nationalist leaders threw in their recourse loans, without making equity pay­ rears to the fund, a bipartisan majority of lot with the Allies and provided the ex­ ments (sec. 502). the House felt that the Government should tra force needed to crush Turkish power Tung nuts: The act provides that tung at least not go any further in arrears. Ac­ in the Middle East. The liberated Otto­ nuts, for which the minimum price support cordingly, in the independent offices ap­ man Arab provinces were divided up level is now 60 percent of parity, shall be propriations bill the House called for a con­ against the wishes of the inhabitants supported at not less than 65 percent of par­ tribution of a half-billion dollars to the re­ ity in any year in which domestic production and placed under British . or French tirement fund. It should be noted that such spheres of influence. of tung oil will be less than anticipated de­ a ·contribution would not result in a loss of mand for such oil (sec. 503). funds for the Government. The funds "What was once a united greater Syria, Armed services milk program: The special would be invested in Government securities today is Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, and program for making dairy products available and actually the only net cost to the Govern­ Israel. The religious, social, political, to the military agencies and veterans' hospi­ ment would be the interest on the securi­ personal, and clannish antagonisms, tals is extended for 3 years until December 31, ties-which it will have to pay in any event which lie at the very core of the civil 1961 (sec. 504). at some future date. war in Lebanon, were nurtured under Donation of cotton for training program: It was this provision that the President the West's "divide and rule" policy. CCC is authorized to donate cotton to edu­ objected to. The President admitted the cational institutions for use in training stu­ obligation and responsibility of the Govern­ "Faisal I, the grandfather of the late dents in the processing and manufacture of ment to the retirement fund but objected to king, came from the Arabian Peninsula. cotton into textil~ (sec. 505). making the contribution apparently be­ The Kingdom of Iraq was created for NOTE.-The foregoing is a summary, and cause-although it would be largely a book­ him by the British as was that of Trans­ not a complete analysis, of the provisions of keeping transaction-the contribution would Jordan for his brother Abdullah. Egypt the act. be added to the budget and make it look was under virtual British occupation for 1958 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 18853 · 72 years until the Suez Canal Evacua­ Minister 14 times. Above all, it was "Fifth. This· new Middle· East policy tion Agreement of 1954. obvious to any observer that the people must also recognize as friendly govern­ "A good part·of the resultant distrust in Iraq had little confidence in their ments those who wish to adopt a neu­ and resentment against the European rulers and the rulers no confidence in tralist course between East and West. powers has rubbed off on the United their people. If these facts were avail­ Such neutralism will in the end serve States because of our alliance with Lon­ able to the American Embassy in Bagh­ the purposes of Western security to a don and Paris and our significant role dad they ought to have been available far greater extent than-attempts to im­ in creating the State of Israel. When it to the Department of State in Washing­ pose a pro-Western policy. The strong came to Arab nationalism, we set aside ton. To imply that the Iraqi revolt was theism in Islam will serve as a deter­ our longstanding American tradition of caused by. external machinations from rent against a willing acceptance of supporting peoples in their fight to at­ Cairo was to mislead the American peo­ Communism; while the common depend­ tain complete independence. Whereas ple. ence on oil can persuade the Arabs to Americans were at one time warmly re­ "The events in Iraq called not for mili­ maintain friendly political and com­ garded in the area, we have become by tary action, but for a complete change in mercial relations with the West. The acts of omission and commission per­ American foreign policy.- Added to the mutuality of interests and cultural ties sonae non gratae· as surely as have· the Lebanese 'civil war, here was unmistak­ will ultimately enable the Arab coun­ . British and French-perhaps in a way able proof that the Eisenhower doctrine tries to see clearly just who are their more so, because so much more ·was and the Baghdad Pact were dead instru­ friends and who their enemies. expe,cted of us. mentalities and that we could be no "The choice before us as Americans is "On~ · needs to be only momentarily in more successful than the ·Brit .ish in . either to admit past errors and embark the Middle East to encounter the deep splintering the Arab world. upon this new path or to continue on conviction that the people's enemy is "The Middle East can yet be saved to the road to global war. We can never not Russian communism, but Western the West and world war III averted by subscribe to a futile sacrifice of lives in imperialism. · The United . States has the following prompt action: order to preserve a policy .which history done nothing to dispel this widespread "Flrst. Anglo-American forces must be has refuted. It is our sincere conviction feeling. withdrawn from the Middle East as that respectful and reflective attention . "President Nasser is only the symbol gracefully and as quickly as possible. to this program will help prevent the of this Arab nationalism. After help­ Future United States efforts toward end­ Middle East from becoming the -grave­ ing to halt the British-French-Israeli ing existing ·tensions ought to be made yard of human civilization just as it was aggression, the United States· proceeded through the United Nations. ·The ob­ the birthplace many thousands of years to undermine Nasser through every server group in Lebanon should be ago." . .subtle economic means and propaganda strengthened and other steps taken device. Guided from Washington, Amer­ which the U. N. Secretary-General may ican information media waged an all­ deem necessary. Capitol Commentary out vituperative "Get Nasser'' campaign, using the label Hitler of the Nile. "Second. The United States should "To fit the needs of. the headline and grant recognition to the new Iraqi Gov­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS label makers, the complex Middle East ernment. OF politics have been grossly oversimplified. "Third. The United States should take HON. P.HIL WEAVER "American policy grievously erred in the· lead in the United Nations for a re­ assuming 'that every political movement consideration of the whole Palestine OF NEBRASKA -. against a government ·backed by the question. At the heart of all existing IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES West must be inspireq and supported tensions in .the.Middle East lies this un­ Wednesday, August 20, 1958 e}.(clusively by Nasser and that every resolved problem. so· long as 1 million Arab refugees remain homeless, so long Mr. WEAVER. Mr. Speaker, under movement made by Nasser must be in­ leave to extend my remarks. I have spired and supported exclusively by Rus­ as the Holy City of Jerusalem is divided by barbed wire, and so long as United from time to time included in the REc­ sia. This is the end resultant of equat­ ORD copies of my newsletter, Capitol ing pan-Arabism with communism. As Nations resolutions are flouted, there can be no peace in the Middle East. Commentary, which I send to my con­ a matter of fact, Nasser has been hard stituents. To bring the RECORD up to on Communists both in Egypt and in "The United States must make clear to the State of Israel that it will not be date, I include herewith my last news­ Syria. We compounded our mistakes letter from the first session of the 85th by striving to maintain particular gov­ protected by us from the consequences of its own breeches of the 1947 U. N. reso­ Congress and those that I have pre­ ernments and particularly political per­ pared during this session: sonalities in power, even against the lutions. We should not countenance any military action to destroy the State CAPITOL CoMMENTARY FOR MONDAY, SEPTEMBER sentiment of the people. 16, 1957 "Our Government has not given the of Israel; but we· should, once and for all, put an end to the fallacy that the (Report by Congressman PHIL WEAVER to American people the facts. Interested First District) Americans, like Norman Thomas and Al­ United States supports either the Zionist fred M. Lilienthal who visited Iraq dur­ philosophy of unlimited immigration CONGRESS ADJOURNS into Israel with its consequent expan- . When this final newsletter for this year ing the past months were put in touch is mailed to you, I will. be back home in . with members of the opposition who had sionism, the defiance of U. N. agree­ ments, or the Israeli refusal to accept Nebraska beginning my third successive tour gone underground. Iraqi jails were of the First District to give you a firsthand crowded with intellectuals and poli­ responsibility for the Arab refugees. report as your elected Representative. I want ticians, alike violently opposed to a for­ "Fourth. A new Middle East policy to thank each of you who has taken the time eign policy which they insisted was must be based upon an affirmative at­ to write to me so that I could have the British dictated. Political parties had titude toward Arab nationalism. Only benefit of your counsel and your viewpoints. been disbanded-labor unions prohib­ by sitting down around the table with The sentiments expressed by all of you at ited. Freedom of speech and press was Arab nationalists and helping them to home on the many issues which have con­ achieve justifiable aspirations can we fronted our Government during this session suspended. Army officers who disagreed have helped me tremendously in the study, were pensioned off; citizens, who at the moderate their future course. President consideration, and decisions I have made. time of the Suez crisis petitioned for a Nasser should be invited to Washington I trust that all of you will continue to pass break in diplomatic relations with Brit­ for frank and friendly discussions with on these suggestions to me during the next ain, were imprisoned. President Eisenhower. session of the 85th Congress, which will be­ Through the national development "Any new look at the Middle East gin in January. My thanks also goes to board, Iraq was putting a good portion must point up our willingness to assist our fine daily and weekly newspapers and the Arab nations in their quest for secu­ our radio and television stations in Ne­ of its oil revenues into constructive braska which have, from a public-service channels. But the maldistribution of rity, equal treatment, freedom, and a standpoint, so generously conveyed these landholding, which had ·long called for decent standard of living. In striving newsletter, radio, and television reports to some·type of land reform, was neglected towards these goals American private the citizens of the First· District and of Ne­ by·Nuri es-Said who had served as Prime investment has a big role to play. braska. 18854" CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE August 20 REVIEW OF THE 85TH CONGRESS Governmental reorganization Veterans and servicemen The first session of the 85th Congress is H. R. 6127 (Public Law 85-315) : Authori­ H . R. 52 (Public Law 85~168) : Increases now history. A quick review of its activi­ izes President to appoint a Civil Rights Com­ rates of compensation for service-connected ties shows a summary of some of the major mission; establishes Civil Rights Division disabilities and for dependency allowances. legislation enacted into law: in Department of Justice, and provides for H. R. 53 (Public Law 85-56) : Consolidates National defense and internal security jury trial for criminal contempt at discretion into single act and simplifies laws governing of court. compensation, pensions, burial benefits, hos­ H. R. 7143 (Public Law 85-63): Continues National economy to July 1, 1959, suspension of 2,000,500 statu­ pitalization, and administration by Veterans tory limitation on personnel strength of H . R. 4090 (Public Law 85-12): Extends to Administration. Armed Forces. July 1, 1958, the 52-percent corporate in­ Natural resources come tax and present schedule of excise International affairs taxes on alcoholic beverages, cigarettes, au­ H . R. 8996 (Public Law 85-177) : Authorizes House Joint Resolution 117 (Public Law 85- tomobiles and parts and accessories. $382.6-million program for Atomic Energy 7): Authorizes the President to undertake S. 2504 (Public Law 85-120): Extends Commission construction and development economic and m111tary coopera1;ion with na­ of nuclear facilities. tions of Middle East to strengthen defense Small Business Administration to July 31, 1958; increases lending authority to $530 H . R. 2146 (Public Law 85-47) : Amends of their independence. Small Reclamation Projects Act of 1956. S. 2130 (Public Law 85-141): Authorizes million. $3.3 billion mutual security program of mili­ H. R. 5520 (Public Law 85-17) : Authorizes Social security, health, and welfare tary, economic and technical assistance to Secretary of Treasury to pay interest up to H. R. 6659 (Public Law 85-104) : Author­ friendly nations. 3.26 percent on savings bonds. izes $1.9-billion housing program. Congressional action on appropriation estimates, 85th Gong., 1st sess.

Reduction Appropriation bill Estimates Passed by Passed by Conference House Senate agreement Amount latest Percent Percent action House latest bill action ·

Bills for 1958: Treasury-PostInterior ______Office._------__---______------_ $3, 965, 291, 000 $3, 884, 92(, 000 $3, 884, 927, 000 $3,884,927,000 $80, 364, 000 2. 0 2.0 515, 189, 700 454, 395, 700 457, 152, 600 456, 189, 600 59, 000, 100 11. 8 11.5 General Government matters____ ------20,921,870 16,021,370 16, 010,370 16,010,370 4, 911, 500 23. 4 23.5 Independent offices ______---_--____ --_--____ ------5, 923, 195, 000 5, 385, 201, 700 5, 378, 594, 800 5, 373,877, 800 549,317,200 9. 0 9.3 Labor-HEW ___ ------2, 981, 277, 581 2, 846, 831, 581 2, 885, 290, 781 2, 871, 182, 781 110, 094, 800 4. 5 3. 7 District of Columbia (Federal payment)------25,504,450 22,504,450 23, 004,450 22,504,450 3, 000, 000 11. 8 11.8 Commerce. ----___ ----- ~ ------.:-- 871, 513, 000 653, 685, 060 613, 584, 290 597, 790, 225 273, 722, 775 25. 0 31.4 State, Justice, Judiciary_------_------665, 649, 802 563, 799, 793 563,085,293 562, 891, 293 102, 758, 509 15. 3 15.4 Agriculture _____ -----______--_____ - ____ -_------______------3, 965, 446, 617 3, 692, 889, 757 3, 668, 972, 157 3, 666, 543, 757 298, 902, 860 6. 9 7. 5 Legislative ___ ------108, 271, 443 78,370, 285 104, 844, 660 104, 844, 660 3, 426, 783 2. 8 3.2 Defense. ___ ------·------36, 128, 000, 000 33, 562, 725, 000 34, 534, 229, 000 33, 759, 850, 000 2, 368, 150, 000 7. 1 6.6 Public works_------_------_------876, 453, 000 814,813,023 884, 151, 323 858, 094, 323 18, 358, 677 7. 0 2.1 Supplemental (Post Office) ___ ------149, 500,000 133, 000, 000 133, 000, 000 133, 000, 000 16, 500, 000 11. 0 11.0 Supplemental, 1958 •• ---______--_ 1, 973, 767, 827 1, 581, 590, 587 1, 824, 001, 547 1, 734, 011, 947 239, 755,880 15.0 12.1 Mutual Security __ ------_------_------3, 386, 860, 000 2, 524, 760, 000 3, 025, 660, 000 2, 768, 760, 000 618, 100, 000 25. 4 18.2 Atomic Energy------_------__ _ 2, 491, 625,000 2, 299, 718, 500 2, 323, 632, 500 2, 323, 632, 500 167, 992, 500 7. 7 6.7 (a) HouseCumulative ______totals: ---- ______Senate ______--______---__ 63,907,854,615 58, 515,233,806 ------·-----· ------···- 5, 392, 620, 809 8. 4 8. 4 64, 048,466,290 ------·-- 60,320, 140,771 ------3, 728, 325, 519 5.8 Conference._------______------64,048,466,290 ------59, 134, 110,706 4 7. 7 Supplemental and deficiency, 1957, totaL------­ 589, 644. 320 463, 920, 788 512, 293, 045 455, 620, 925 ' ~~t g~ m-7-20:9" · 22. 7 Cumulative totals for session: House------Senate ______----______64,494,927,778 58, 97!J, 154,594 ------5, 515, 773, 184 8. 6 8.6 64,638, 110,610 ------60,832,433,816 ------·- 3, 805, 676, 794 5.9 Conference __ ------______--_------64, 638, 110, 610 ------59, 589, 731, 631 li, 048, 378, 979 7.8

CAPITOL COMMENTARY FOR JANUARY 31, 1958 paying citizen is entitled to value received until we have evidence of a realistic dollar­ CAPITOL COMMENTARY on his investment in America and its future. saving reorganization of the Defense Depart­ OUR DEBT CEILING ment which now is spending more than half The 2d session of the 85th Congress has of each tax dollar. begun. With the eventful days that are to The statutory debt limit today stands at follow, it is my intention to bring you each Sputnik is serious; but we should keep our $275 billion. In 1955 Congress increased this equilibrium and not lose our heads. Nona­ month this newsletter report on issues and limit to $281 billion until June 30, 1956, at tion can continue forever to spend tax dol­ questions that concern every American. As which time the limit reverted to $275 billion. lars which must still be earned by future your elected Representative in Congress, I In July 1956 the debt limit was temporarily generations. earnestly solicit you to give me your view­ increased to $278 billion. On the last day of points and opinions on these matters. Gov­ June 1957 the ceiling again reverted to the NEBRASKA. EDUCATION ernment is for the people, and I welcome an statutory limit of $275 billion. The House In the field of education and according to expression from you. It is essential to our has just had under consideration H. R. 9955, statistics recently published, Nebraska ranks form of government to preserve freedom of which would temporarily increase the debt as follows compared with other states: 34th speech and thought. limit to $280 billion. I voted against passage in the number of persons completing 4 years To receive a copy of Capitol Commentary, of this measure, just as I voted against the of college, with only 5.1 percent of its popu­ just drop a card to me, care of House Office other so-called temporary increases in the lation in that category; 6th in the percent­ Building, Washington, D. C. debt limit. age of the population with less than 5 years For radio and television reports from your The whole purpose of limiting our national in school (4.9 percent); 13th in the average Congressman in Washington, check with your debt is so that we can control our spending, number of school years completed ( 10.1 per­ local station or your newspaper. and the responsib111ty for spending should cent); 12th in the percentage of the popula­ STATE OF THE UNION rest with the Congress, not with the executive tion which has completed 4 years of high branch of the Government. There can be school (38.5 percent); lOth in th~ percent­ The dominant issue which confronts Amer­ no control or restraint on spending as long age of draftees disqualified by the mental test ica today is adequate security, and the dollar as we are content to make borrowing easier. ( 4.9 percent); 35th in the percentage of ele­ cost is very high. We cannot afford to hesi­ By giving in to the whims of the spenders mentary-school teachers with 4 or more years tate in meeting the challenge of the space and raising the debt ceiling, we are thus of college (26.6 percent); 42d in average an­ era. We can better meet that challenge if we defeating the very purpose for which a statu­ nual teacher salaries for 1957 and 1958 ($3,250 strive for emciency in Government to save tory debt limit was created. compared with California's e5,750); 29th in tax dollars, which, in turn, can be used to I do not believe that there should be any the amount spent for education per pupil per strengthen, coordinate, and unify our Armed increase in the public debt limit (1) until year ( $255) • Forces. Total emphasis, therefore, must be all agencies of Government are directed to directed toward efliciency 1n Government to freeze any and all unobligated funds pre­ PEACE THROUGH STRENGTH get maximum economy and savings. Since . viously appropriated so that a close and A look at the 1959 budget is !rightening­ the bulk of each tax dollar goes to our armed thorough reexamination of expenditure re­ $73.9 billion. The Treasury Department pre­ services for defense, and since defense plays quirements and needs can be made. A good dicts that income from taxes wlll produce such a vital and significant part in protect­ example is the $3.1 billion of current unobli­ sufficient revenues to meet the amount re­ ing our people and our country, every tax- gated funds for foreign-aid spending; (2) quested. 1958 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 18855 Defense spending is a tremendous 54 per­ . and military requirements. Back in 1956, crowded skys. We _will continue our maxi­ cent of the budget--$39.8 billion. the CAA introduced the first of the Federal mum efforts. A contingency fund of an additional half airway plans. At that time the air traffic "I shall be delighted to continue to billion dollars is - available for spending at control system was capable of handling periodically inform you of the progress we the discretion of the President to meet any about 12,000 instrument flights per day. As are making. We appreciate your interest crisis that might arise. The real defense total a result of our work over the past 2 years, the and support in our behalf and hope that then comes to $40.3 billion. capacity of our system has been increased the steps that we have been taking to fur­ Other funds that may be lumped under to a point where it now can handle some ther assure maximum air safety meets with defense spending are those allotted for the 17,000 instrument flights per day. While we your approval." Atomic Energy Commission, stockpiling and are compl~tely capable of handling the in­ STATUS OF LITTLE BLUE UNIT, NEBRASKA defense production expansion, foreign mili­ str_ument flight rules (IFR) traffic of today, tary aid, economic development aid, the we are not capable of controlling the nearly This project is a multiple-purpose develop­ United States Information Agency and the 50,000 flights per day which occur in good ment on the Little Blue River, principally for Civil Defense Administration. weather. irrigation and flood control. It would con­ Our national security costs may well come "Pending our ability of doing a complete sist of a storage reservoir near Angus, Nebr., to $47.3 billion-a huge 64 percent of the and effective job of positive control of all and necessary canals and other facilities to budget. air traffic the CAA is considering taking the serve irrigation water to about 15,000 acres WATER RESOURCES PROGRAM following steps: in south-central Nebraska. The unit was "1. Realinement of jet penetration proce­ first studied by the Bureau of Reclamation in The ban on new starts may climax in a 1949 as part of a reconnaissance survey of breakdown of our whole water· development dures so as to provide m•aximum separation from other traffic where practicable. the water resources of the Blue River Basin program. The fact that a project has not in connection with flood control storage sites been started does not make· it of less value "2. Establishment of narrow bands of pos­ itive control segments on high density air­ being considered by the Corps of Engineers. than other projects that are already under­ Drought conditions of the past several years way and receiving Federal funds. It might ways to provide better protection for those aircraft who need and desire this service. have stepped up interest in the Little Blue be wise to reappraise and restudy the many unit locally where there is need for irriga­ existlng projects to determine their com­ "3. Reexamination of military training areas to provide geographical segregation tion on the south side of the river, since parative economic value in relation to pro­ ground water resources are not immediately posed new starts. A long-range viewpoint between noncompatible types of air traffic; and available. The proposed Angus Reservoir, in of our entire water development planning is addition to irrigation and flood protection, necessary if we are to properly conserve our "4. Where necessary, the development of would provide increased recreational oppor­ soil and water. special traffic rules. tunities and aid in conservation of fish and FOR THE RECORD · "In this connection, the CAB has issued its wildlife resources. From my newsletter of June 27, 1957, may Draft Release 58-8 which authorizes the des­ In 1956 I requested the Bureau of Recla-­ I restate for the record my position on ignation of three transcontinental positive mation to initiate preliminary studies of needed essential items of defense: control air corridors effective June 15, 1958. this project and work it into its schedule. "An effort was made in the House to put Initially our proposals provide for positive Forty-two thousand dollars was programed in back some $300 million for aircraft, missiles, control of all aticraft at altitudes of 17,000 fiscal year 1958 to finance preliminary en­ research and development, and I supported feet mean sea level up to and including 22,- gineering, hydrologic, and economic studies this proposition. Here in this instance was 000 feet mean sea level on 1 transcontinental and a reconnaissance report. W. A. Dex­ the exception and not the rule for me, on route between New York and San Francisco, heimer, Commissioner of the Bureau of where economy begins. It is apparent that 2 transcontinental routes between New York Reclamation, has just advised me and I we ·must keep pace if we are. going to keep and Los Angeles; with a spur ·into Washing­ quote from his letter: the peace. In these critical phases of our ton, and 2 routes running between Washing­ "It was anticipated that the report. would defense program.; we must stay in a com­ ton and .Chicago. This application of posi­ be completed before this date, but it was peting po:;;ition with Soviet Russia; and be tive control could be expanded to cover other unfortunately delayed. All field work neces- · routes and provide protection for en route certain, withou~ d9ubt, that the security sary to the preparation of the report was forces of the United States are not im­ aircraft except that to apply it would seri­ completed some time ago, and we expect to paired, . anu·. that we are not 'letting down ously curtail military training activities receive the report in this office very soon. our guard.' ." W.e cannot afford to lag behind situated along many of the routes. The air The reconnaissance report will serve as a . in these highly technical and advanced traffic control system could handle the en­ basis for determi.ning whether more detailed scientific fields or find ourselves lulled into route traffic in this altitude strata but could studies of sufficient _ accuracy to support a false sense and.feeling of security. No one riot simultaneously accept the ~ilitary train­ recommendation for authorization should be wants waste, duplication or extravagance in ing activities. undertaken. It will also serve to select the government, and we must be objective in "A joint CAA-military review is now be­ specific areas which should be considered and searching these things out; however, we ing made to provide additional positive con­ present information which will assist local cannot afford to gamble on needed essential trol by segregating military training opera­ interests in deciding whether they wish us items of defense-particularly ·aircraft or tions from en route traffic. We recognize that to proceed. On the assumption that the missiles, when the very freedom of America certain types of military operations are not findings of the report are favorable and that is at stake." adaptable to air traffic control procedures. there appears to be strong local sentiment in We expect to provide for this by setting favor of the proposal, funds have been re­ CAPITOL C6~MENTARY FOR JUNE 17, 1958 aside reser\'ed airspace for special military quested in our fiscal year 1959 budget to start operations such as acrobatics, air-to-air com­ - AIR SAFETY upon the detailed studies. The feasibility bat training, etc. We also hope to provide report may be completed in fiscal year 1960." Recent collisions and near misses by air­ reserved corridors or tunnels through which craft have disturbed all of us. An immediate traffic flying off established air routes may CAPITOL COMMENTARY FOR JULY 30, 1958 and concerted effort must be made to prop­ safely cross high density airways. 'I'he CAA erly separate all aircraft in flight, assuring [From the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD July 28, also is concerned with the problems pre- · 1958] the maximum degree of safety to each plane, sented by visual flight rules (VFR) traffic. whether it be civilian or military. In this To this end we have instigated a VFR ter­ HELLS CANYON-A BILLION DOLLAR MISTAKE connection I want to release the text of a minal area ·advisory service, which will oper­ Mr. Speaker, it is apparent that a few recent letter from James T. Pyle, Administra­ ate along the same lines as our IFR an'ival political opportunists in Nebraska want to tor of the Civil Aeronautics Administration, and departure control. The test will _be run inject the controversial Hells Canyon issue who discusses this subject in detail. Mr. at Weir Cook Airport in Indianapolis in the into the comming election campaign. This Pyle's letter to me follows: very near future. During this test all air­ is good, but Nebraskans -are entitled to "This letter is in response to our recent craft in radio communication with the Weir nothing less than the whole story and all of discussion and previous discussions that we Cook tower will be serviced by radar moni­ the facts about Hells Canyon which for the have had from time t0 time on the question toring and will be provided with traffic in­ fifth time Congress.has.refused tc;> ~uthorize. of aviation safety and the necessary improve­ formation. We are getting our feet wet in · The citizens of our State will not tolerate ments in our air navigation and air traffic the area of semiautomatic control of air half truths. Nor do they expect campaign control facilities. traffic. For the past 18 months we have been issues to be discuss~ on that level by candi- "The Civil Aeronautics Administration, as operating a computer at our Indianapolis dates hungry for votes. _ . the agency responsible for the control of the air route traffic control c~nter. Our comput- · I will attempt in the next several para­ Nation's air traffic, has long been aware of er program will be expanded within the graphs to review this question in some detail the increasingly critical problems in handling next few months with the installation of and present what I know to be the hard, greatly increasing volume of civil and mili­ greater capacity equipment at the New York cold facts. about Hells Canyon. tary traffic. By close association with the center n·ext month and at the Washington Hells .Canyon legislation calls for the con- ­ problems of air traffic control on a day-to­ center in .July. The CAA has been taking struction of a Federal dam on the Snake day _ba:sis, the_ agency . has for a lopg time positiv_e and construct.ive s~ps ~o alleviate River to pro:vide power in the Northwest. been doing everything possible to increase the within the limits of our present capacity in In ,1955, ;tfter Congress refuSed repeatedly to · capacity. of the air traffic control system to ter-ms of facilities, procedures, and personnel provide the money ·for a high dam at the . meet the demands · placed upon it by civil the extremely serious problems of our expense of all the taxpayers, the privately 18856 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE August 20 owned Idaho Power Co. was granted, under In discussing the interests of the farmers Extension of the East Front of the Capitol Federal license from the Federal Power Com­ In a Federal dam In order to receive so-called mission, the rights to ftnance and construct cheap fertilizer, the public record shows in the Hells Canyon reach, three dams and that for 6 successive years, the only two EXTENSION OF REMARKS to sell power from them for a 50-year perlod. large farm organizations in the State of OF Much needed power wUl begin to fiow very Idaho, the State Farm Bureau and the shortly from the first of these three units to Grange, have each year gone on record as HON. J. T. RUTHERFORD be built and paid for by private enterprise. unalterably opposed to the building of the OF TEXAS The proponents of a Federal dam still to­ Federal project. Claims that by 1960 Ne­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES day want to drown out and destroy one dam braska farmers would be paying $750,000 which is nea.rly finished, the second which more for ferti11zer because the Federal proj­ Wednesday, August 20,1958 is in advanced sta.ges of construction and ect was not approved this year are hardly deserving of comment. Had Hells Canyon Mr. RUTHERFORD. Mr. Speaker, the final unit expected to be started shortly. the purpose of my rising today is to join This would mean not only raiding the Treas­ been authorized during this session of the ury of over a half billion dollars for con­ Congress, its building schedule as outlined with our beloved SAM RAYBURN and with struction costs, but paying for some $80 by the Bureau of Reclamation called for others of that distinguished company m1llion worth of work resulting from the completion at the end of the 8th year after now advocating the east front extension stoppage of the contracts underway. It start of construction, which would be 1967. of our Capitol Building. would mean that Congress would be respon­ This goal for completion was based on an­ We all realize the vilification our sible for the loss of over $500 m1llion in nual appropriations from the Federal Treas­ ury at the height of construction in ex­ Speaker has courageously endured in potential tax revenues to our Government this regard. No honest, decent, fair­ over the 50-year licensing period. It would cess of $100 m1llion per year. mean endless Utigation on a valid contract. Nebraskans should more properly have minded man or woman in America who It would foreclose an immediate power sup­ been reminded by these proponents that has followed this controversy as it de­ ply and cause disastrous shortages for this since the project has not been authorized, veloped can but hold the highest admi­ a.rea. This all adds up to a billion-dollar the citizens of our State will save $3,364,000 ration for his stanchness in the face of mistake. as their prorata share of the ultimate cost this ill-advised but virulent criticism. Since Hells Canyon was to be built prl­ without considering the fantastic transmis­ In the course of this fight, precipi­ marlly for power, private enterprise con­ sion lines probably closer to 400 miles in length because of the rugged terrain in­ tated by a small group of willful men, sented to undertake and develop its power SAM RAYBURN has been maligned as an potential without cost to the taxpayers of volved. Under a single Federal dam the gen­ America. A bipartisan Federal Power Com­ eration of power would drop to a maximum insensitive dictator, an historic barbar­ mission, after exhaustive studies and hear­ of only 66,000 kilowatts for from 3 to 4 ian, a crafty and scheming interloper, ings covering 5 years, licensed this private months every spring and summex: while the and by a thousand other epithets. company and decided that the three-dam reservoir is refilling. Just where the phos­ Most of us here in the House have plan was better than the plan proposed for phate plants would get their electricity dur­ recognized how utterly baseless and un­ a high Federal dam. It was a unanimous ing this period is a mystery. Nebraska's own Fred Seaton, Secretary of the Interior, fair were these charges, and some of us verdict by an expert body made up of Re­ have taken pains to defend the exten­ publicans and Democrats alike which since had this to say about Hells Canyon in a 1920 has had the responsibi11ty to regulate letter to Dr. A. L. MUler, former chairman sion plan. I am afraid, however, that in and conserve the public's water-power re­ and ranking Republican member of the the press of a hectic session all too many sources. This license has been held valid by · House Interior Committee: Of US WhO have admired SAM RAYBURN'S the Nation's two highest courts, including "If S. 555 is enacted, appropriations for courageous stand have failed to make the Supreme Court of the United States. the next 6 years for reclamation projects, our own position as crystal clear as we Idaho Power .ts handling its own financing will have to be 60 percent higher than those would have otherwise liked. and surrendered voluntarlly tax am0rtization appropriated for the last 6 years. Ten years certificates stating it would accept no con­ ago and from time to time since then, the At this time I would like most em­ cessions even though they were entitled to Congress had a choice between Federal con­ phatically to associate myself with him them under the law. struction of the Hells Canyon Dam and the in this fight. I want to make it clear In comparing the licensed project with the alternative of permitting the Federal Power beyond doubt that not only am I sup­ proposed Federal dam, we find that the Commission to license non-Federal construc­ porting the Rayburn position in this re­ Ucensed project will produce about 5% b11- tion. During this 10-year period the theo­ gard, but with the permission of the 11on kilowatt-hours annually-slightly more retical benefits dramatized by proponents House I would like to carry the attack to than the Federal dam and will produce this of the high dam have been repeatedly con­ the enemy just a bit. power at a rate substantially lower than · sidered by the Congress. The Congress did the cost of production in the Government not heed their pleadings and refused au­ Who are these self-styled experts who proposed plant. Statements to the effect thorization for Federal construction. Today would insist that the power of the that the Idaho phosphate deposits are in we are not faced with a theory. As a prac­ United States Congress does not extend the Hells Canyon area are about as true as tical matter it would be impossible to jus­ to altering certain aspects of a public saying Washington, D. C., is in the New tify to the taxpayers of the Nation, over­ building? Who do these people think York area or that Hastings, Nebr., is in the built the Capitol in the first place if not Kansas City area. The airline distance from burdened as they are, the extravagant waste the Hells Canyon site to Pocatello, which of authorization of Federal· construction at the Congress? Seven or eight times the is the nearest phosphate bed and which this time." Congress has added to or basically al­ city contains the nearest phosphate plant, is It is significant to note in conclusion, that tered their meeting place on Capitol Hill. 274 mlles. The large phosphate deposits are Democrats joined with the Republicans In Why, if these additions and alterations even farther away in the southeastern the Interior Committee this year to bury had not been made our present build­ corner of Idaho. A new $5 million phosphate this monstrosity. I hope for good: Until ing would be little more than a square, plant for the Farmers Co-op near Mont­ this became a political matter, the vote in framehouse used as an overcrowded pelier is 334 airline miles from the Hells the House Interior Committee was unani­ legislative workshop. Canyon site. Nowhere in the proposal to mous by Republicans and Democrats in re­ What sort of logic are those persons bulld the dam at Hells Canyon were any jecting this proposition. Certainly wher­ plans drawn for transmission lines to carry using ·who say let there be no change? electricity to the phosphate beds and the ever private enterprise can . do the job and Almost every act of forward progress is staggering cost of any such lines has never here is an excellent example, there is no jus­ met with howls from some very vocal been estimated. The line loss alone would tification for the Government getting into group. Who can forget the protests make such a proposal infeasible, but under business. · when the United States bought Alaska no stretch of the imagination could the Evidently the proponents of this legislation from Russia? Who can forget the transmission be accomplished for less than do not wish to adhere to a basic policy of sneers that met the Louisiana Purchase? 2 mills per kilowatt-hour. If you add 2 government enunciated by Abraham Lin­ mills to the 4.3-mill figure which the Bureau coln. Who can forget the furor raised over the of Reclamation has given as the cost of pro­ "-The legitimate object of government is digging of the Panama Canal? And is it ducing a kilowatt-hour of electricity in the to do for a community of people whatever not true that many people were skeptical proposed Hells Canyon plant, you have a they need to have done but cannot do at all, over a certain document known as the cost to the Government of at least 6.3 mills. or cannot do so well, for themselves in their Constitution of the United States, when This 1s substantially above the price being separate and individual capacities. But in first it came into being? I believe, Mr. paid for electricity to operate the many elec­ all that people can individually do as well Speaker, those who are howling the tric furnaces treating phosphate rock in for themselves, government ought not to loudest at proposals to extend the east southeastern Idaho. interfere." front of the Capitol would have been 1958 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 18857 among the very first to oppose the Loui­ Many of us resent the bitter attacks commander, Robert Dunn, the Honorable siana PurchaseJ the pur~hase of AJW)ka, upon Sp~aker RAYBURN. He has noth­ CHARLES A. WOLVERTON, Congressman from the digging of the Panama Canal, the ing personal . to gain by the extension the First New Jersey District, in the House of Representatives. [The delegates arose and ratification of the Constitution. For it of the east front. He has said words to applauded.] · seems that some people are born to be -this effect many times: Sergeant at Arms HoGAN. Comrade Com­ "againers." The people have been good to me. I've mander, at this time I would like to present Speaker RAYBURN has been accused of !'eceived everything I want. · to you Congressman WoLVERTON. not being an architect, and I am afraid Commander ScHULER. You will escort the we will have to concede that point, just In return, he has given a half century good Congressman to the rostrum. as we will have to concede that not one of service to the Nation. His mark will To the delegates here assembled at the of these self-styled patriots and saviors be left upon this land so long as the 39th State convention of the Veterans of of sanctified shrines is a venerable and Capitol Building stands; so long as the Foreign Wars of the United States, it is my respected legislator with a half-century Nation exists, and I think we are the pleasure to welcome the Honorable CHARLES better for it. A. WOLVERTON, a Member of the United of service. . Had the criticism not been so cruel States Congress. I would like to pose the not too start­ Congressman WoLVERTON down through ling thought at this juncture that not the entire embroglio would be laughable. the years has been the champion of the vet­ many of these same armchair critics are In a paraphrase of Winston Churchill, eran in the Halls of the House of Represent­ much shakes as architects themselves. we might say that "never have so few atives. It is fitting and proper that the Administrators perhaps, propagandists soreheads attempted to tamp such an Veterans of Foreign Wars of the State of enormous tempest into such a tiny New Jersey, through action by their council surely, and conceivably even fair drafts­ teapot." of administration, order the highest award men, but great architects, definitely not. of our organization be presented, to one who Who among these men who would The House and Senate authorized this work with hardly a dissenting voice. has been the stanchest friend of all veterans. poke fun at SAM RAYBURN for not being It is with the greatest of pleasure that an architect -can present an accomplish­ The money has been voted. This being I present to the Honorable CHARLES A. WoL­ ment comparable to John Russell Pope's the case, I can only ask, Why the con­ VERTON, the Department of New Jersey Vet­ tinued delay? If any criticism can magnificent National Gallery of Art, ~r erans of Foreign Wars gold medal of merit his National Archives Building, or his justifiably be leveled at SAM RAYBURN on behalf of our organization. [Applause.] 1t is because he has been too considerate Congressman WOLVERTON, permit me to enduring Jefferson Memorial? John of a blatantly vocal but inconsequential read the citation for this our highest award. Pope wholeheartedly endorsed the east minority. The Congress and the Ameri­ "The Veterans of Foreign Wars of the front extension. Do the calamity howl­ can people have worked their will in this United States, Department of New Jersey, ers insist John Pope is loutish and un­ regard. I urge that work begin with­ awards of the gold medal of merit, to qualified? CHARLES A. WOLVERTON, in recognition and out further verbiage or delay. most sincere appreciation of the more than Who among these critics can equal the half a century of faithful public service to incomparable work of Henry Bacon, de­ the people of his city, county, State, and signer of the Lincoln Memorial? Bacon country, as a city solicitor, county prosecutor, endorsed the east front extension, but Presentation Proceedings of the Veterans member of the house of general assembly and then perhaps he, to, is amateurish. its speaker, special assistant attorney general Would the Washington Post or the of Foreign Wars, Department of New of New Jersey, and as an important and DAR consider the great firm of Carrere continuous Member of the Congress of the Jersey United States since 1926; and who during & Hastings, designers of the Senate and 55 years of public service has ever been a. true House Office Buildings as well as the Su­ friend and patron of the veteran, his depend­ preme Court's beautiful struct1:1re, to ~e EXTENSION OF REMARKS ents and orphans. swinish or historically barbanc? This OF "Ordered by the council of administration firm endorsed the east front extension. HON. CHARLES A. WOLVERTON at its session on May 4, and presented at its One could go on and on, Mr. Speaker, annual convention, in the city of Wildwood, but it is not necessary. I simply want OF NEW JERSEY this 28th day of June 1958. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "EDGAR R. SCHULER, to emphasize that the overwhelming ma­ "Commander. jority of the Congress,_ t~e _ electe~ rep­ Wednesday, August 20, 1958 "Attested: resentatives of 170 million Amencans, Mr. WOLVERTON. Mr. Speaker, dur­ "BENJ. P. THOMAS, remain solidly in favor of this extension. ing my service in the House of Repre­ "Adjutant." I have not personally received a great sentatives, covering a period of 32 years, (Applause.] deal of mail on this subject, either pro Comrades of the Veterans of Foreign Wars it has been a privilege and a pleasure to of the Department of New Jersey, I give you or con. My people live in west Texas have supported without exception all your friend and mine, Congressman CHARLES and they are thoughtful enough to real­ legislation that has been before the A. WOLVERTON. ize they can hardly pass judgment on House designed to promote the welfare (The delegates arose, cheered, and ap­ whether or not repairs should be made of our veterans and their dependents. plauded.) to a public building some 2,000 miles It was particularly gratifying to have Hon. CHARLES A. WOLVERTON. Commander away from them, and which many of had this service recognized by the Vet­ Schuler, officers and members of the Veterans them have never seen. Recently I had of Foreign Wars in State convention. I as­ erans of Foreign Wars of the United sure you that I have been overwhelmed in in my office a delegation of mature, States, Department of New Jersey, at its receiving this very high honor that you have postgraduate college students from my annual convention held at Wildwood, seen fit to bestow upon me. So frequently district and one of them mentioned the N.J., on June 28, 1958, by presenting to in public life you do the thing that you issue of extending the east front of the me the gold medal of merit of that think is right, and maybe at times you Capitol. I took them from my office organization. do the thing that is right, but it is not al­ to the Capitol Building and, after hav­ I have been requested on behalf of the ways that you have an expression of appre­ ing obvious defects and hazards pointed ciation equal to that which you have be­ department officers to have inserted in stowed upon me today in presenting this out to them, the group was unanimous the RECORD a transcript of the presenta­ highest award of merit. I accept it in all in its feeling that the east front exten­ tion proceedings referred to, therefore humility. sion should be carried out. I think al­ in accordance therewith and the unani­ I am conscious of the fact that during the most any objective, sincere person who mous consent granted to include the fol­ 32 years that it has been my privilege to have took the time to investigate the situation lowing as part of my remarks: served in the Congress that I have en­ firsthand would agree with that ver­ deavored whenever and in whatever way the STATE CONVENTION, VETERANS OF FOREIGN opportunity was presented, to be of service dict. The man whose full job it is to WARS OF THE UNITED STATES, DEPARTMENT maintain the Capitol Building in the .to our veterans and their dependents. I OF NEW JERSEY, AT WILDWOOD, N. J., JUNE claim no credit for that. It was their due. best possible condition, Mr. George 28,1958 And for me to have done otherwise would Stewart, says it is mandatory the east­ Commander ScHULER. Comrade sergeant at have been a delinquency upon my part that front extension be carried out. I think arms, will you escort, along with our de­ would have been inexcusable. he is in a position to know what he is partment senior vice commander, Robert I know of no service that it has been my talking about. Kearney, and our department junior vice privilege to particpiate in during that long 18858 CONGRESSIONAL .RECORD - ·liOUSE August 20 term of office that has given me more pleas­ tendency to speak longer than I should, Commander ScHULER. I had a call this ure, more genuine feling of compensation probably you would have adopted the rule morning from our past commander in chief, within than the feeling I have had when I before I was invited to reply to this citation. and a very close friend of the honorable Con­ realized that in my limited, humble way I During those years, and I must take the gressman, and he said that he was putting was able to give something in return as an time to tell you, it has been a pleasure and a wire into this city. We have been in re­ evidence of the appreciation that the Nation a privilege for me to have had an association ceipt of that telegram, and I would like to has to those who have rendered valiant serv­ with your national officers and with your read it: ice to it in the days that have past. State officers, as well as with your local of­ I think, if you will permit me to reminisce ficers in my own county of Camden, and the "EDGAR R. SCHULER, for a moment-after all, that seems to be counties of Gloucester and Salem, which I "Commander, DepartmeTtt of New Jersey, the most natural thing for a person as they also have the privilege of representing. I "Veterans of Foreign Wars, advance in years is to reminisce-particu­ have found them, without exception, to be "Wildwood High School: larly so on an occasion of this kind, when individuals who, in a heartfelt way, are in­ "The department is to be congratulated for reference is made to the service that I have terested in all that pertains to the welfare selecting my good friend and colleague, Con­ rendered, as has been so splendidly stated in of veterans. I want to say to you that much gressman CHARLES WOLVERTON, for thiS year'S this citation that was read by your State of what Congress has done that has proved gold medal of award. CHARLIE, as we know commander, my mind goes back to the first beneficial to veterans in one way or another, him, is a good ~rieiid of. the veterans, and instance of any magnitude that I had an I give credit to the service organizations for one who has established himself in the opportunity to show my appreciation, and the part that they have played in bringing H~lls of Congress as a pillar of that type of what· I believe should be the attitude of that legislation to fruition. [Applause.] Americanism we veterans fought and stand the Nation, toward its natural defenders at To me it is inconceivable that any service­ for. As you know, he is retiring from Con­ all times. man should withhold joining a service or-:­ gress at the end of this session. Therefore, You will pardon me if I refer to the fact ganization such as this. There are too many our country is losing the service of a great that back there in 1933, when the so-called who were willing to travel on a "free train," guy and a champion of all people. Extend Economy Act was passed, which proved to as some might call it, without being willing to him my best wishes, and say hello to the be so harmful to the veterans of out Nation, to associate themselves with the organiza­ gang for me. although I recognized the need of economy tions that are working day in and day out "Congressman JAMES E. VAN ZANDT, at that particular time, because we were in for their benefit, and who have accom­ "Past National Commander in Chief." the depths of a great depression; yet, to me plished so much for them. [Applause.] it seemed unfair, unjust, and unpatriotic When the Spanish-American War was that whatever reason there might be for . past, we had the Spanish-American War economy in Government, that which would veterans. I should have referred, first, to affect the veterans adversely should have the Civil War, with the. GAR. My grand­ Annual Report Constituents by Hon. been the last place in which to show it. father fought in that war. I know some­ to [Applause.] thing of the lack of proper treatment that Stuyvesant Wainwright, of New York Today, as my mind goes back to that was accorded to the veterans of that war. occasion, I do find pleasure in saying to you, But, I have observed that through the years, with reference to my own personal conduct with the work of the GAR, with the Spanish EXTENSION OF REMARKS at that time, and without any criticism be­ American War veterans, with the different OF ing directed to anyone who had a different World War I veterans, and yours, which has viewpoint-but, as I look back upon it, and its membership limited to those who have HON. STUYVESANT WAINWRIGHT as I realize what happened afterward to fought in foreign war, the Korean veterans, OF , NEW YOR~ rectify the wrong that was done when that the auxiliaries, and all the other veteran or­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES act Wl}S passed, I confess to you that it is ganizations, some based on a racial back- a pleasure for .me to rE;lalize that I, at least, .ground, some on a religious background, but Wedn~sdi;z,y, August 20, 1958 was the one Member of the House in the ,alJ .of them working for t1;le interest af the Mr. WAINWRIGHT~ - Mr. Speaker, New Jersey delegation, .regardless of politics, veterap.-I have seen this Nation step along wno . voted against that so-called Economy this is my sixth annual report. It is sub­ from the weak and inefficient service to its mitted 3 days before the session's close, Act. [Applause.l veterans in the Civil ·war up to the present When I cast that lone vote, and in the time when we exceed-and I am not bragging as I must return home to prepare for the days immediately following it, I had the about what our benefits are, except to say, visit on Long Island of a -distinguished feeling, if I ;was to judge by the treatment exceeding that of any other nation in the fi·iend, RICHARD NIXON. This Will cause that was accorded to me by some individ­ world in its treatment of its veterans. And me to miss several votes; however, as my_ uals, that I h~d committed a grievous sin. for this splendid accomplishment, I give attendance has been in the highest You might think I had leprosy. · But, there credit to your organization, and to the other bracket over the years, I can expect the 1s an old saying that they who laugh last veteran organizations that are interested in laugh best, and the year following that vote only objection to come from partisan promoting the welfare of the veterans and political sources seeking to embarrass me by the Congress in passing that Economy their dependents. Act things began to happen, and the Mem­ It has been my privilege to serve in the for election purposes. bers of Congress, when they saw what was Congress with one of your former national At the end of each Congressional ses­ being done to our veterans in the n ame of commanders. I think he served three terms sion I have made it a custom to submit to economy couldn't wait until they got back of office in that high position. I refer to you, the citizen, an account of the year's to Washington to repeal what they had done. JIMMY VANZANDT. There is a leader, whether a~tivities. This is based on my funda­ It was awfully pleasing to be in a position he is in Congress or out of Congress, seeking to say: I told you so. mental philosophy that the citizen places to promote at all times all that would be a trust in his Representative. The Con­ Now, during the years that have inter­ helpful and beneficial to veterans and de­ yened, there have been plenty of opportun­ pendents. gressman must report to the people as ities, and if anyone could rise up and say My friends, it has been a pleasure to have to how he handled that trust. that in any instance where a _veteran's right · In addition to this annual accounting, was at stake that my vote wasn't cast in served with these men that have represented favor of the veteran, then I would bow in you in the National Capital, your national each week during the year I have written humble and apologetic attitude to you today. officers, with your State officers and with your a column for your local newspaper. The [Applause.] local officers. I have found that in every Long Island radio stations allow me a You will pardon me for mentioning this ' proposition that they have ever presented, special program every Sunday. Several 1n a personal way, because while it gives me it has been based upon deep, serious and con­ hundred news items of special interest a great deal of pleasure personally, yet I siderate thought; and it is for that reason that Congress has had a desire and a willing­ have been submitted. All this is designed want you to feel that in the giving of this to keep you, the Long Island citizen, the unusual and outstanding citation, that has ness at all times to comply with the wishes been so generous in its reference to me, that that are made known on behalf of the vet­ best informed in the country. You are there was something back of it that did erans through their officers. just that. More newspapers are sold; justify, although not that I could expect it, In conclusion may I say that I deeply ap­ more TV and radio is beamed our way; but that you might know that your officers preciate what you have done. I expect to more mail is received by my office than were aware of the service I tried to render. leave Congress at the end of this term by in any other Congressional area. I During those years that have intervened­ my tiesire not to run again. But, my in­ hasten to add that this is due possibly to and I am not going to speak long, for I terest in the welfare of veterans, their widows, the tremendous population of New realize you have an important session and, children, and other dependents will never York's First District--nearly 800,000 peo­ unfortunately, Congressmen have a tendency cease. If and when . I can be of service to to talk too long. In Washington, we have a you, even though I ,may not be in official ple, making it the second in size in the rule that under some circumstances a Mem­ position, I am anxious to still be helpful. I country. ber can only speak for 5 minutes. So you am at all times yours to cominand. This had been a good session of Con­ can see what we think of one another. And I thank you. gress. Remember, I am a Republican if you had such a rule here, and knew my (The audience arose and applauded.) saying this about Democrats, for they 1958 CONGRESSIONAL .RECORD-· HOUSE 18859 have controlled the Congress.. The-Dem­ In this regard, I should mention two ments in the airframe industry. This ocrats are the majority party. But this other items of -importance to our Long industry, as has been pointed out many Congress has been essentially a team­ Island real estate. The first is my Fire times, will be greatly reduced in 6 to 10 work proposition, as for instance the Island National Park project. This is years due to rocket warfare. We all hope national defense education bill put by no means dead or forgotten. In 1957 our Long Island industrial leaders are through on the Democratic side by CARL the economy bloc eliminated any chance meeting the challenge. · ELLIOTT of Alabama and by myself as of putting the necessary funds. in the My service academy appointments floor leader on the Republican side. The budget. Since then, the Interior Depart­ achieved heights beyond all expectations. President requested a defense reorgan­ ment has been avoiding a showdown on More boys qualified or were named alter­ ization plan. Congress gave it to him. the issue. While this fiddling goes on, nates to the United States Air Academy He requested an extension of the Re­ Fire Island burns. The two chances of than in other Congressional District. ciprocal Trade Act. We gave it to him. success for the project lie through the The Naval anq Military Academy grad­ He requested continued military and civil raising of public funds or by convincing uates made exceptional records. Our aid for our allies in our :fight against com­ the Secretary of the Interior of the im­ placements at the Merchant Marine munism. We gave it to him. He sub­ portance of this concept. Academy continued to be the highest. mitted the largest peacetime military Many other Long Island matters have Possibly because of this, our area was budget in history. We granted his re­ been processed. Take, for example, the honored by my being placed on the Board quests. Alaskan statehood was passed. destruction of the oyster industry in Long of Visitors at the Military Academy at Civil rights legislation was enacted. All Island waters by the presence of starfish. West Point. I was surprised beyond these measures were proper and neces­ Not only are. the oystermen put out of words to be chosen to join this distin­ sary and were supported by me as your work, but also · a great industry dies. To guished group of leaders, who serve as de Representative. correct tpis I presented emergency legis­ facto trustees of the Academy. In one major respect, however, this lation to Congress. My only hop~ is that Earlier this year at my own expense Congress deserted the American people, our action will have been in time. An­ I sent out a questionnaire to a large num­ and particularly the union man. I refer other problem is the waste of a valuable ber of people on my mailing list. In this to labor legislation. I have praised the airport, MacArthur, in the town of way I was able to obtain your views­ Democrats for their help in supporting Islip. I have gone before the Civil Aero­ obtain public sentiment on the major the Eisenhower program. By the same miutics Board in an effort to get this air­ issues of tne day. I spent alternaJ;e Sat­ token, Democrats must assume blame for field put into. regular commercial service. urday afternoons at.my Huntington and failures. By pigeonholing amendments This is being blocked by the large, power­ Wainscott offices. In this way, people designed to help the union: worker, by of­ ful airlines who erroneou~ly claim that were able to visit personally and discuss fering a weak labor reporting bill, by the :field would, be unprofitable. The tht;r problems. This was especially forcing parliamentary tricks to ram potato industry, as usual, is faced with helpful to those who could not take time through the Kennedy-Ives bill without too large a supply and a reduced d-emand. off during the working week or make the House debate or committee hearings, the Congressional efforts to obtain a national e_xpensive trip to Washington. Democratic leaders failed badly in this marketing agreement for voluntary crop Public service is a pleasurable experi­ important respect. As this is an election reduction were not eminently success­ ence. It has been made so by the toler­ year, they are afraid certain union bosses ful. Obtaining agreement amongst ance, understanding, and mutual objec­ would turn on them as the party that farmers for crop reduction is not a simple tivity of the overwhelming number of passed a strong labor bill. What a pity task. Realistic potato growers are the constituents. Thank you. that the American worker should be de­ :first to admit this. prived of protection because of petty Amongst the many pieces of public leg­ politics. So much for the national scene. islation I introduced this year were H. R. . On Long Island we continue to grow. 9935, to provide compensation for certain Congressman William S. Broomfield Re­ We added eight new post-office facilities. World War II losses; H. R. 11671, a mili­ ports to the People of the 18th District They are Amityville, Bay Shore, Brook­ tary pay readjustment bill; H. R. 11873, haven, Commack, Eastport, Jericho, and t.o improve the recruitment and training of Michigan Oakdale. I am especially proud of the of United States Foreign Service officers; completion of the West Islip Post.Office. H. R. 12552, a bill to facilitate cooperative EXTENSION OF REMARKS This turned into a personal battle with research in education. OF the Post Office Department which was In the :field of personal service, we have against giving West Islip a facility. processed 138 servicemen's cases; 48 inci­ HON. WILLIAM S. BROOMFIELD For several years our growth has been dental military cases dealing with the OF MICHIGAN reflected in the large number of housing National Guard, Army Engineers, and so IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES problems. . Homeowners had been swin­ forth; 54 veterans' cases; and 92 housing dled by certain sharp builders who gave complaints; and assisted in numerous ~ednesday,August20,1958 the whole industry a black eye. These immigration and passport cases. What Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, so cases have been greatly reduced, thanks this means is that in addition to the that my constituents and friends in the to special cooperll.tion from acting United normal legislative process, we handle 18th District of Michigan will have an States Attorney Neil Wickersham and each year between three and four hun­ idea of how I represent them, I am the Long Island Builders Institute. Our dred detailed, complicated personal pleased to present this report outlining locality was made the subject of a special problems affecting the lives of countless mY record during the Eighty-fifth Con­ article in August's Redbook magazine. more hundreds of people. gress which has just concluded. Another major issue which took the Each year my annual report has always During the past 2 years, I have served forefront was beach erosion. With the contained an economic comment which as a member of the House Committee on support of the United States Army dis­ has in the past been highly accurate. Public Works, which is concerned with trict engineer for New York, a long­ During the boom of 1957's summer I pre­ all proposed legislation dealing with Fed­ awaited plan has been presented in dicted economic trouble ahead for the eral civil construction projects in our Na­ Washington. It came too late for the the winter arid spring of 1958. People tion and in our possessions abroad. In appropriation of funds in this fiscal year, claimed this was soothsaying the im­ this committee, I am also a member of but prospects look excellent for calendar possible. Unfortunately, my prediction Subcommittees on Buildings and 1959. Added to this are my plans for was correct. For the winter of 1958-59 Grounds and Rivers and Harbors. federalizing both Moriches and Shin­ and through next spring I conceive of I maintain two offices to serve my con­ necock Inlets over the objection of Park economic stability for our Long Island stituents-one here in Washington and Commissioner Moses. This proposal of area. I ·do not believe there will be the other at 2300 North Woodward Ave­ mine was approved this month by the boom expansion. Rather it should be nue, Royal Oak, Mich. Another office Army engineers. This will be the cul­ described as normai·growth both for in­ will be established soon when I make my mination of a program I started some dustry and home construction. Unem­ anhual tour of Oakland County com­ years ago and named "the crusade to ployment will be less than normal due munities in my mobile Congressional save Long Island". to expanded temporary military require- offi·ce. 18860 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE August 20

BILLS SPONSORED rebuilt in its entirety under the urban threat to our Nation's security. In these During the past 2 years, I have spon­ renewal program. This is the first com­ days of hydrogen bombs and ballistic sored a number of bills, a great many of munity in the United States which will missiles, it permits maximum use of which-! am happy to say-were en­ undergo such complete redevelopment. new weapons and concepts of warfare. acted into law with only minor varia­ Low-cost housing for Royal Oak Extension of reciprocal trade agree­ tions. Among those passed by both Township residents, with 140 units al­ ments will pay handsome dividends to Houses were measures to: ready approved for 100 percent financing all of us in our Nation, particularly to Carry out Hoover Commission recom­ by the Federal Housing Administration. those of us in Michigan. The St. Law­ mendations to place our Federal budget FLOOD STUDY rence Seaway will be completed next on an annual accrued basis. This meas­ spring and open for full-scale business. Federal flood study of Oakland County When this occurs, our own home State ure is expected to save our Federal Gov­ and the rest of the Detroit area to help ernment billions of dollars. will have the opportunity to expand its in planing future drainage networks. industrial and business base to a great Provide a "pork free" rivers and har­ This survey will also clear a way many bors bill which saved taxpayers more degree. Raw materials for our plants intercounty legal problems concerning will be cheaper because of water trans­ than $300 million through the elimina­ drainage networks. It will also meet the tion and modification of useless and un­ portation. Our finished products will objections of Macomb. County residents cost less abroad because of lower transit authorized Federal projects which had to the construction of the 12-town not been found engineeringly sound or costs. The seaway will herald the end drain designed to alleviate basement of putting all of Michigan's economic fiscally productive by the Corps of Engi­ flooding in the South Oakland area, as neers or the Bureau of the Budget. eggs in the automobile basket. It will well as drainage projects in the Pontiac mean a diversification of industry which Tighten Federal laws to stop mailing and Avon areas which will drain into of obscene and crime-inciting material. will help check our State's unemploy­ Lake St. Clair. ment problems. Provide funds for the completion of A new reserve training center for the St. Lawrence Seaway, which will Pontiac, which cost an estimated NEW STATE create thousands of new jobs and many $320,000. Creation of a 49th State-Alaska­ new businesses in Michigan. Arranged Library of Congress surplus finally was approved by Congress. This Permit teachers to deduct higher edu­ book donations to Oakland County li­ virtually untouched area of vast poten­ cation expenses for tax purposes.